GLENAIR • JANUARY 2021 • VOLUME 25 • NUMBER 1

for Manned Space Behind-the-scenes at Glenair GSS, Salem GER PLUS an in-depth look at

INTERCONNECT TECHNOLOGY Flight space radiation 50+ Years of GLENAIR Crewed-Flight Interconnect A Select History of Glenair Connectors and Backshells Design History in Manned Space Flight Applications Glenair discrete interconnect designs and technologies have been a part of manned space flight for these past 50+ years. And, as mentioned, we have demonstrated capability in-house to integrate our many unique and signature interconnect technologies into turnkey systems and assemblies. In each of the following examples, Glenair performed exactly in this manner, acting not merely as a supplier, but as an application engineering and design partner to these landmark programs. Glass-Sealed Hermetics for the X-38 Crew Return Vehicle Glenair supplied specialized glass-sealed hermetic connectors to The X-38 program, an experimental autonomous spacecraft designed and built for the purposes of shuttling space crew back to Earth in an orbital emergency. The X-38 Glenair has been an essential go-to supplier and design partner for Crew Return Vehicle hermetically-sealed connectors on space flight programs since the 1980s.

< Hermetic sealing available in circular and rectangular packages

Glenair: The Most Trusted QwikClamp® Backshells for the International Space Station The Glenair QwikClamp® backshell was purpose-designed for use on the ISS. Name in Manned Space Select parts were gold plated for resistance to atomic oxygen corrosion and radiation damage, others were supplied in our “M” code electroless nickel plating. All designs were equipped with a unique strain relief clamp that eliminated sharp surfaces and angles to prevent Connectors and Cables potential damage to astronaut life support space suits and lenair’s history of interconnect innovation for manned space Commander Ed White’s “Golden gloves. Here is astronaut Thomas D. Jones in 2001 during applications began with our design and fabrication role in the Umbilical” cable—and the numerous STS-98 out on an EVA. The cable assemblies in the shot are G Titan II / Gemini launch cables all equipped with these unique Glenair backshells. realization of the golden umbilical life-support cable used by manufactured by Glenair’s cable Commander Ed White in the first American Gemini Program space division in Southern California—were essential to America’s early manned < Astronaut Thomas walk in 1965. This was a complex cable assembly with an exacting space program. D. Jones, mission set of performance requirements. Even though this application specialist, is now over 50 years old, it still reflects Glenair’s unique skill set works on the PAST HISTORY OF International Space-grade Qwik-Clamp as both a manufacturer of high-performance connectors Space Station backshells designed and wire protection products as well as a provider PERFORMANCE IN during STS-98 in for the International of turnkey assemblies incorporating Glenair MANNED SPACE this 2001 file photo. Space Station signature interconnect technology. Complex APPLICATIONS ® interconnect cable assemblies made by • The “Golden Umbilical” Sav-Con Connector Savers for the Glenair have traveled to and from orbit life-support cable dozens of times on the Space Shuttle, and Space Shuttle orbiter ® we were also responsible for producing the • Titan II space launch Glenair Sav-Con connector savers long-length umbilical cables used vehicles have been on every major manned on the Titan II launch vehicle for all • Space Shuttle orbiter space program—from Gemini to twelve Gemini missions. For this the Space Shuttle. One of the most • International Space Station application, Glenair developed dramatic applications of this space- some truly unique fabrication • X-38 experimental grade connector go-between was on the fixtures and processes to spacecraft Space Shuttle orbiter where they provided complete this unique cable build. protection for the umbilical connectors from liftoff to touchdown on every mission.

< Gemini VIII launch, Titan II launch Glenair Sav-Con® Launch of a Space Shuttle orbiter Vehicle vehicle with umbilical cables in view Connector Savers from the Kennedy Space Center on launch tower. 2 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 3 Photo History of GLENAIR Manned Space Flight Source: NASA 2021 Mercury A camera aboard the “Friendship 7” 1965 Mercury spacecraft Gemini photographed On June 3, 1965 Edward H. White II became the 1985 Astronaut John H. first American to step outside his spacecraft Space Shuttle Glenn Jr. on Feb. and let go, effectively setting himself adrift in The crew of STS-61A poses for their traditional in- 26, 1962, during the zero gravity of space. For 23 minutes White flight portrait. Eight ESA and NASA astronauts (the the Mercury-Atlas floated and maneuvered himself around the current record) flew the Space Shuttle Challenger, 6 spaceflight. Gemini spacecraft. White was attached to the carrying the NASA/ESA Spacelab module into orbit Glenn was using a spacecraft by a 25 foot umbilical line and a with 76 scientific experiments on board. The Space photometer to view 23-ft. tether line, both wrapped in gold tape to Shuttle Orbiter carried crews to and from Low the setting sun. form one cord. In his right hand White carries Earth Orbit on 133 successful missions between a Hand Held Self Maneuvering Unit (HHSMU) 1981 and 2011. 1962 which is used to move about the weightless SpaceX Crew-1 environment of space. The visor of his helmet is gold-plated to protect him from the unfiltered International Space Station From left, Mission Specialist Shannon Walker, Pilot Victor Apollo Glover, Crew Dragon Commander Michael Hopkins—all NASA rays of the sun. ESA astronaut Leopold Eyharts (left), flight engineer; Astronaut Buzz Aldrin walks on the surface of the moon astronauts—and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) along with NASA astronauts Leland Melvin and Daniel near the leg of the lunar module Eagle during the Apollo astronaut and Mission Specialist Soichi Noguchi are seated Tani, mission specialists, are pictured here working 11 mission. Mission commander Neil Armstrong took this in SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft during crew equipment in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space photograph with a 70mm lunar surface camera. While interface training. The NASA SpaceX Crew-1 mission lifted Station. For over 22 years, astronauts, cosmonauts, astronauts Armstrong and Aldrin explored the Sea of off from Kennedy Space Center on November 15, 2021, and and space tourists from 19 different nations have Tranquility region of the moon, astronaut Michael Collins successfully docked at the International Space Station on 1973 visited the space station, conducting research in remained with the command and service modules in November 17 where they begin a six-month stay. astrobiology, astronomy, meteorology, and physics, lunar orbit. and testing the spacecraft systems and equipment required for future long-duration missions to the Moon and Mars. and 1969 2021 beyond… 2008

Skylab Scientist-astronaut Owen K. Garriott, Skylab 3 science pilot, is seen performing an extravehicular activity at the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit. Garriott had just deployed the Skylab Particle Collection S149 Experiment from its Orion mount on one of the ATM solar panels. The purpose of the Spacesuit engineers demonstrate how four crew members experiment was to collect material from interplanetary would be arranged for launch inside the Orion spacecraft, dust particles on prepared surfaces to study their impact using a mockup of the vehicle at Johnson Space Center. Orion phenomena. Earlier during the EVA Garriott assisted (officially Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle or Orion MPCV) astronaut Jack R. Lousma, Skylab 3 pilot, in deploying is a class of partially reusable space capsules to be used in the twin pole solar shield. NASA’s human spaceflight programs. 4 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 5 Impacts of Space Radiation on

TECH BRIEF Interconnect Wire Harnessing

Low Earth Orbits are increasingly being utilized by satellite networks geared for principal delivery of internet content on a worldwide basis. Low Earth Orbit, or LEO, happens to be relatively free from charged solar particles as it sits below the inner and outer Van Allen belts. Ionizing radiation remains an important factor however, and polar LEO orbits do cross charged particle areas at every pass. One of the questions we get asked quite frequently at Glenair is whether or not a particular interconnect technology is resistant to space radiation. The answer to this question of course depends on the particulars and specifications of each individual application, as the physics of radiation in space— for example as it pertains to satellites in low earth orbit versus those subject to The main emissions from the sun are electromagnetic radiation and a flow of This NASA illustration shows that the charged particles called the solar wind. These particles carry both positive and Low Earth Orbits are relatively well radiation effects in deep interplanetary space—are significantly different. protected below the inner and the negative charges, and collectively form what’s called a plasma. Think of it as a outer belts, while GPS satellites and In general, radiation that hits a spacecraft comes from either of two sources. The diluted gas, but it can behave very differently because the particles are charged. Geosynchronous orbits are on the first is the sun, and if we understand its direct and indirect effects we will have The impact on a satellite and its onboard equipment may be a direct result of rims of the outer belts. The sun is a major source of mastered 99% of the subject at hand. However there is a small percentage of space exposure to solar wind. However, it is important to understand that this radiation electromagnetic radiation impacting satellites in low earth orbit. Direct missions that cannot rely solely on the sun as its source of energy. Such satellites has indirect consequences on a spacecraft a well. For instance, residual oxygen impacts from solar flares and often carry a small nuclear reactor called a radioisotope thermoelectric generator from our atmosphere is ionized by solar radiation and impacts the outside materials solar wind dominate the radiation environment experienced by LEO (RTG) which converts heat from a nuclear decay process into electricity. Generators of a space craft in LEO through chemical interactions. of this type do emit some radiation, but that’s not the focus of the vast majority of satellites. One way to parse the direct emissions from the sun is to focus on particle charge. the applications we see, which are almost exclusively focused on solar radiation. This distinction is useful because charged particles interact strongly with matter and can be absorbed quickly (depending on their energy, or speed). The absorption Alpha (α) radiation consists of a will add a unit of charge to the material and may may trigger secondary emissions RADIATION TYPES fast-moving helium-4 nucleus, and is stopped by a sheet of paper. which must sometimes be taken into account. Beta (β) radiation, consisting of Neutral particles and electromagnetic waves can still cause molecular or atomic electrons, is halted by an aluminum plate. changes in materials, but they can penetrate deeper into solid materials. Neutrons, Gamma (γ) radiation, consisting for instance, will mostly interact with the nucleus of an atom, which is tiny, dense, of energetic photons, is gradually and surrounded by a void. Electromagnetic particles (also called photons) must be absorbed as it penetrates dense parsed into bins of different energies. The higher the energy of a photon, the shorter material. its wavelength and the deeper it penetrates. This is easy to remember when you Neutron (n) radiation consists of free neutrons, blocked by light elements think of X-rays and UV light. X-Rays can penetrate through our bodies because they such as hydrogen, which slow and/or have much shorter wavelengths than UV rays. That’s why in the illustration on the capture them. left you see some of the wiggles making it through the blue block of material and Galactic cosmic rays (not shown) others not. The ones going deeper have a shorter wavelength. For the purpose of consist of energetic charged nuclei such as protons, helium nuclei, and our conversation, the important aspect is how far do the particles penetrate, and high-charged nuclei called HZE ions. how much potential damage will occur over time.

The most common effect of electromagnetic radiation (or photon impact) is the American physicist Arthur Compton effect. High energy photons (UV, X-ray, Gamma-ray) can interact with an Compton (1892 – 1962) won the electron orbiting an atomic nucleus, and provide it with a boost of energy sufficient Nobel Prize for his discovery of the Compton Effect, which to liberate it from its atomic confinement. What remains is an atom with a positive demonstrated the particle nature charge and a free electron. The Compton effect impacts the tenuous regions of of electromagnetic radiation. 6 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 7 environment ever so slightly. If the GLENAIR Solar array power charge hits an insulating material, it degradation due to displacement damage will not be free to move around, and High-energy protons that insulator will build up charge with every electron that hits it in this area. When charges have nowhere Solar array arc from surface charging to go, they accumulate, and before Low-energy electrons long, a voltage builds up and may be discharged, typically with an arc to a Materials degradation nearby conductor at a lower voltage. Photons, ions, atoms For this reason the outermost layer of Microelectronics, a spacecraft needs to be conductive, bit flips, latch-ups or at least able to ‘bleed’ off charge High-energy protons fast enough so as to prevent a voltage and ions build-up. This is particularly important for wires, since their outermost layer Discharge from internal is non-conductive and they are often in charge accumulation close proximity to grounded metallic structures. Aluminum foil shields are High-energy electrons a popular means to prevent electrons from building up charge on wire insulation. It Electromagnetic pulse from vehicle discharge is important to make sure that those foils are grounded to the spacecraft structure. Low-energy electrons You may wonder, what happens if a spacecraft keeps accumulating electrons? Does Total dose effects that impact the electrical networks on board? How does one control the voltage High-energy particles Information source: when charge keeps accumulating on a ground structure? The answer is that unlike Air Force Research Laboratory on earth, Satellites do not have an absolute ground. If we could tie a wire between earth ground and a satellite, we might measure a huge voltage difference. But since This picture illustrates some of the earth’s atmosphere in a similar manner. The charged ions and free electrons create nothing on the spacecraft is tied to earth ground, the electronics ‘don’t know’ that impact ionizing radiation and low- a layer of conductive gas (plasma) in our upper atmosphere, called the ionosphere. energy charged particles can have on they are operating with a different zero volt reference than their cousins on earth. LEO satellites at altitudes between 100 and 300 kilometers are in that zone. For a satellite. Think of it like the tide of an ocean; when boats float in the open waters, they don’t these satellites, it’s important to consider the exact orbit and their orientation feel the tides, and as long as they don’t come close to shore, the height of the tide with respect to the sun in order to truly assess the potential impact of charged does not matter. When two spacecraft come in contact however, they do need to particles on their surfaces. For example, higher concentrations of charged particles level out their ground structures in order to avoid an un-controlled discharge. are present in the Van Allen belts closest to earth’s magnetic poles, while lower concentrations exist in equatorial regions. This has a very practical impact on orbit The surface of the spacecraft is also where most of the electromagnetic radiation the trajectories of LEO satellites, as they are relatively safe from charged particles hits. Most organic molecules suffer long-term damage from this radiation. They except and if their orbits traverse the Van Allen belts. become brittle, shrink, and lose adhesion. In electrical systems, this can impact impedance. Avoiding long transits through dense belts is an important consideration when engineers select the optimal orbit of a satellite. Sometimes there is no choice, a As mentioned earlier, in low earth orbit we also have a large amount of ionized geosynchronous satellite above Central America will necessarily feel the impact oxygen, ready to oxidize and add resistance to certain metallic surfaces like Satellite plating with gold is used when insulation alone is inadequate of the outer belt and will have to be designed accordingly. aluminum. For this reason, gold is the preferred choice for surface coverings. It is to protect the satellite from radiation very resistant to corrosion, reflects a broad spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, from heat, light, and impact. Gold is Material degradation due to radiation is immune to absorbed radiation, and is an extremely good conductor. At NASA, effective in reflecting radiation away the tongue-in-cheek answer to the question, “why is everything plated with gold from the satellite, is a good heat and In terms of what damage particles can do, scientists employ a unit of measurement electrical conductor, and does not on your satellites?” is, “because we didn’t have enough budget to use solid gold!” react to atomic oxygen. called the Rad, which measures how much energy was deposited by radiation into a unit of mass. It is the preferred unit when evaluating a material (how many Rads can it handle before degrading), or when comparing orbits, or calculating the Material Acceptable Dose (Mrad) lifespan of a spacecraft. Laboratories use electron beams and gamma rays from Bipolar Power Transistors 0.2 Mrad Cobalt 60 to simulate radiation exposure, again measured in Rads. MOSFET Transistors (on SiC) 1 Mrad 1 1 In some materials (optical fibers, semiconductors, dielectric insulators) it is also Schottky Diodes (on SiC) 1 Mrad 2 important to understand how fast the radiation is implanted into the matter. In Epoxy Resin 100 Mrad 3 these cases, we use either the Fluence (power per surface area—important for Kapton (polyimide) 400 Mrad Materials under test to 2 determine potential damage solar cells for instance), or the flux (particle count per unit time into an angle area). Kynar (PVDF)—mild damage 10 Mrad 4 from absorbed radiation, Silicone rubber 1 Mrad A table of acceptable radiation such as silicone-based We will consider the impacts starting from the outermost layers of the spacecraft. Teflon (FEP) 0.1 Mrad 2 levels for a few popular microelectronics, are exposed The most prevalent particle for those areas are low energy electrons. Low energy Epoxy-Glass Laminates 10 Mrad 2 materials used on spacecraft. to radiation doses measured in Small semiconductor “Rads”. Doses in excess of 100 means they don’t have enough speed to penetrate deep into the structures. Acceptable radiation doses for typical materials used in electronics. Measurements were performed 60 components will certainly have mRads can result in material When they get absorbed, they add a unit of negative charge to the material they using Co Gamma radiation. 1 3 an additional aluminum shield hardening and embrittlement, collided with. If it’s a metallic (or conductive) material, the additional charge is Steffens et.al. RADECS 2017 Golliher et.al. NASA/TM-2001-210245 around them. making them unsuitable for use 2 Hanks et.al. NASA-CR-1781, 1971 4 NASA Langley SP-8053, June 1970 in satellite applications. free to move around and will change the voltage balance of the spacecraft with its

8 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 9 Interconnect Design for Radiation- GLENAIR

APP NOTESAPP Induced EMI/RFI Interference Filtered EMI connectors effectively shield individual contacts / circuits For discrete signal connector applications, an EMI filter package may be incorporated into the insert stack. This will in effect put a fine ground-mesh around every contact and prevent certain EMI events from disturbing the circuits in the box. The filter value In the previous arcticle, we discussed how radiation—in the event it penetrates into satellite materials—can cause should be selected so as to allow the desired signals that pass through, but block embrittlement and other forms of degradation, potentially impacting the mechanical, physical, and even electrical unwanted higher frequencies. The ceramic materials used in Glenair filtered connectors (impedance) properties of mission-critical equipment including electrical wire interconnect systems. Now, let’s turn can be exposed to high doses of radiation without adverse effects. Transient Voltage to a second key issue of radiation in space: managing the surface charge build-up of electrons that can lead to EMI Suppression (TVS)-equipped connectors prevent voltage spikes from discharge events noise and signal degradation in electronic systems. As with mitigation efforts to reduce penetration damage from from damaging delicate circuits inside electronic boxes. A correctly designed TVS diode alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, design disciplines for EMI noise mitigation include laminate shielding of wiring, can take millions of discharge events without damage. This is important because in conducting unwanted interference to ground, and the use of filtering technologies at box I/O interfaces to attenuate space, discharge events may happen at regular and frequent intervals. high-frequency interference.

The many benefits of good shielding Aluminum wrapping versus braided shielding Traditional interconnect and wire harnessing products have a strong design emphasis on electromagnetic shielding Electrical cables exterior to the sealed/protected zone of a satellite need to be shielded—typically­ with wrapped foils or to prevent unwanted interferences. This can of course be the case on spacecraft as well, many electronic systems conductive braid materials—to extend the protective Faraday cage that is routinely established for electronic boxes and must interact and not interfere with each other while fulfilling their missions. In addition, the metallic shields on enclosures to interconnecting wires and cables. Elimination of apertures or gaps in braided wire shielding is critical, spacecraft will protect the layers below from radiation. They will further bleed off unwanted charge accumulations especially for high-frequency (short wavelength) EMI. In addition, the termination of wire shielding at the connector on various areas of the craft. Finally, in the event of a discharge, they provide a safe place for the current to go. interface must be accomplished with good ground connections. As conductive adhesives on foil are notoriously bad, such materials should not be relied on for effective EMI/RFI shielding for critical systems Space-grade materials and plating choices for EMI/RFI mitigation in space flight applications. As mentioned in the previous article, the most abundant element in Low Earth Orbit is atomic oxygen, which is in a highly reactive state and can produce serious corrosion of surfaces through oxidation. Critical electrical junctions must therefore be protected from corrosion with surface platings, typically either electroless nickel or gold in order to maintain the ground path and shielding characteristics necessary in the management of EMI. Glenair plating codes M and Z2 are appropriate for all aluminum shell connectors. The XM plating code is for Glenair composite thermoplastic connectors and backshell accessories. Plating code GME is reserved for ESCC-compliant backshells only. All of these plating codes are qualified for use in LEO applications.

Space-Grade Finish Options Finish Code Description Specification Flexible braided shielding (left) is far less likely to develop gaps and apertures that can lead to entry/exit points for electromagnetic interference as compared to foil-wrapped assemblies M Electroless Nickel SAE-AMS-26074 Class 3 XM Electroless Nickel (Composite Only) SAE-AMS-26074 Class 3 Z2 Gold Plated ASTM B488 GME Gold over Electroless Nickel ESCC No. 3401 087 Para. 4.4.1 Ground fingers and springs on connectors enhance shielding effectiveness, reduce shell-to-shell resistance, and improve ground path The use of robust connector ground springs and/or fingers can markedly reduce connector shell-to-shell resistance, and improve the ground Ground plane connectors reduce both electrical equipment path to eliminate surface conducted EMI. An EMI spring can be located emissions and susceptibility to EMI on a plug or receptacle. Many types and approaches are employed, from The use of a conductive metallic ground plane as a packaging option for shielded simple dimpling on shells, such as found on inexpensive D-subminiature contacts and optical fiber links can effectively reduce the size of the penetration in connectors (mystifyingly still specified in many satellite applications), the equipment enclosure Faraday cage. Metallic ground planes in connectors are to more sophisticated recessed springs in high-performance circulars. typically made of aluminum, and the thickness is on par with the wall strength of Ground fingers such as are used on the gold-plated D-Sub in the picture the connector shell itself. Ground planes are always grounded to chassis. are particularly effective for critical space-flight applications.

10 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 11 BEHIND- THE- SCENES AT GLENAIR GSS GLENAIR SPACE SYSTEMS HARNESS DESIGN, PRODUCTION, AND INTEGRATION SERVICES Glenair Space Systems GSS is an ESA/NASA IPC-certified interconnect wire harness assembly operation. Point-to-point and complex multibranch wire cable assemblies are produced to exact customer mechanical, thermal, electrical and Premier Space-Flight Interconnect radiation requirements and may be integrated on-site to both satellite mockups and space-flight systems in our 300 m2 ISO 8 and ISO 6 clean rooms. A turnkey cable harness design and fabrication operation, Glenair Space Systems professionally manages projects from (1) engineering and documentation, to (2) wire harness prototype, to (3) mission simulation and test, to (4) clean-room integration. Component and Harness Manufacturing     Glenair has been making interconnect and wire harness shielding products since the dawn of manned space flight. At GSS, we have created a vertically-integrated space-grade component manufacturing, harness assembly, test, and integration operation. In building interconnect solutions for space—as opposed to other disciplines—we follow different rules of engagement. Every crimp joint, for example, is photographed. Every shield junction measured and recorded. Every electromechanical HDRM is 3D optical profilometer-inspected. Nothing is left to chance, everything is documented. These practices extend into every area of the operation, from our space-grade harness assembly group to our mechanical integration team, electromechanical device fabrication shop, and EGSE test rack and cable division. ESA/NASA IPC-certified staff provide value-added Engineering Base and 3D SolidWorks design, prototyping, and clean-room harness assembly. ISO 5 flow chamber (certified to ESD Standard 61340-5-1), with ample accommodation for large mock-up and integration projects.

Clean Room assembly with both environmental filtering and electrostatic Complex integration and assembly of Harness integration into space payload EMI shielded and open-wire bundle discharge protection. flight-grade wire harnesses electromechanical devices assemblies ready for flight

ESA-QUALIFIED Backshells and D-SUBMINIATURE Harness Shielding

Single and dual entry

ESA and NASA IPC- Composite Certified split shell Wire Harness Wire Harness Assembly and Integration: Glenair has produced FABRICATION thousands of ground and space-flight shielded interconnect harness assemblies. Our GSS facility is optimized to serve both the European and NA markets with Ultra- lightweight unique flight-ready systems and integrated assemblies microfilament tubular that combine Glenair’s unique range of high-performance shielding interconnect components with our ESA/NASA IPC- certified harness assembly and clean-room integration

INTEGRATION Side-entry capabilities. shielding

12 QwikConnect • January 2021 QwikConnect • January 2021 13 BEHIND- THE- SCENES AT GLENAIR GSS Examples of GSS-made EGSE racks and Turnkey Electronic Ground Support Equipment (EGSE) cables for satellite test/mission simulation Racks and Power / Data Test Cables Turnkey fabrication of Electronic Ground Support Equipment (EGSE) test racks and cables is a unique capability of GSS—built to exact customer specifications and satellite test requirements, The extent of GSS support for ground simulation testing is absolutely unique in our industry and includes sourcing and construction of all necessary equipment and fabrication of required test cables and simulation harnesses. On-site test harness- to-satellite integration

Example of ground support flat set harnessing used in developmental stages of satellite EGSE rack systems and interface modeling, mockup, test, and mission simulation. Glenair Space Systems manages the simulation programming IAW entire process, from test cable design and fabrication to mockup integration. customer requirements

Glenair Space Systems Group in Salem, Germany, ESA/NASA IPC-certified assembly staff perform all EGSE rack and cable assembly—from harness design and fabrication, specializes in the construction of electronic test equipment, to integration on prototype systems and mockups. cables, and turnkey electronic ground support racks for GROUND Support satellites, simulation programming, and test. GSS assembly staff are ESA/NASA IPC-certified and can engineer and produce ground support equipment ranging from test harnesses and power / data distribution cables, to fully integrated test racks complete with interface / simulation programming. Signature ground support test racks and cable assemblies have been built for satellite programs including ExoMars, EML, EarthCare, BepiColumbo, Sentinel Hand assembly work performed by Form, fit, and function of prototype Cleanroom integration of shielded and TEST I, Sentinel II, Sentinel VI Jason, and others. ESA/NASA IPC-certified assembly staff harnesses using GSS-produced fixtures harnesses into satellite test racks

14 QwikConnect • January 2021 QwikConnect • January 2021 15 BEHIND- THE- SCENES AT GLENAIR GSS CUSTOMER-REFURBISHABLE, NON-PYROTECHNIC, SCALABLE HDRM TECHNOLOGIES

Connectorized Hold down release mechanisms are used to secure and deploy satellites Space-Grade Electromechanical Device and Mechanical- and satellite appendages including solar arrays, reflector antenna, booms, Release HDRM and masts. Historically, release devices of this type have included explosive designs release nuts, bolt cutters, separation nuts, as well as wire and pyro cable Manufacturing and Test cutters. Glenair non-explosive HDRMs employ a fusible wire-actuated nut technology that solves many of the problems associated with explosive hold GSS-manufactured hold-down and release mechanisms (HDRM) as well as down and release devices, including easy on-site refurbishment after test. customer-bespoke electromechanical devices are manufactured in-house in our fully-integrated precision machining and metal fabrication center. All devices are Certain designs are now manufactured by Glenair Space Systems in Salem, clean-room assembled and inspected in a 3D optical profilometer. Germany. Glenair US-manufactured non-pyrotechnic and customer- refurbishable medium-duty HDRMs and pin pullers can ship to most customers worldwide without an export license, although light- and heavy-duty HDRMs do typically require one. • Delivery options include connectorization and turnkey integration into shielded harness assemblies • Lightweight materials, unique shapes and profiles • Standard and non-standard mounting dimensions IAW customer requirements • Scalable designs with as little as 5 lbs. (22 N) of release pre-load and as much as 20,000 lbs. (9000 N) Light-Duty HDRM Medium-Duty HDRM Heavy-Duty HDRM • Separation nut designs as well as Side load bearing, Redundant, Non-redundant, pin pullers and pin pushers 75 lb. release 1000 lb release 20,000 lb. release

HDRM housings precision- machined in-house with tolerances to 1 micron EXAMPLES OF ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICES IN WHICH GLENAIR SPACE SYSTEMS HAS FABRICATED SOME OR ALL OF THE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS AND INTEGRATED CABLING

GSS designs production and customer- bespoke space mechanisms: GSS is pleased to offer both our European and North American customers access to our innovative design, engineering, and machining capabilities for space-grade interconnect and electromechanical technologies including hold-down release mechanisms. Glenair Space Systems, Salem is equipped with a fully-integrated machining operation with Complex motorized Ka- Complex wave guide gain horn Example of an intricately- capabilities to produce both highly miniaturized as well band antenna pointing assembly with GSS-fabricated milled cover for an as larger form-factor components and structures. Our mechanism with GSS- components and bespoke shielded electromechanical device Space Mechanisms integrated harness assembly wired harness assemblies housing GSS-manufactured HDRMs with clean-room assembled

and HDRMs actuators are a perfect example of this rare capability found only at Glenair. 16 QwikConnect • January 2021 QwikConnect • January 2021 17 GLENAIR

Space Cruiser, Rick and Morty

Serenity, Firefly

Discovery One, 2001: A Space Odyssey

Millenium Falcon, Star Wars Milano, Guardians of the Galaxy

Galactica, Battlestar Galactica

USS Enterprise, Star Trek TARDIS, Heart of Gold, Borg Cube, Dr. Who Hitchiker’s Guide to Star Trek the Galaxy

Pillar of Autumn, Halo Klingon Bird of Prey, Star Trek ConvAirCar, Planet Express Ship, The Jetsons Futurama answers: www.glenair.com/qwikconnect 18 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 19 GLENAIR PROVEN-PERFORMANCE AND CURRENT-DAY FLIGHT HERITAGE

High-Density Crimp-Contact Rectangular for Glenair Interconnects and Assemblies Orion MPCV The NASA Orion The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (Orion MPCV) is a Multi-Purpose current generation partially reusable space capsule Crew Vehicle, artist concept. The for NASA’s human spaceflight programs. Capable in Next-Generation Manned-Flight future of human of supporting a crew of six beyond low Earth spaceflight? orbit, it is equipped with solar panels, an automated docking system, and glass cockpit Space Programs interfaces. Glenair has designed in a number of interconnect technologies onto Orion including a special space-grade Series 791 rack-and-panel rectangular that A New Generation of Manned-Flight Interconnect Design-Ins will be deployed throughout the vehicle. Microminiature lenair continues its long history of service in the manned space industry with a broad range of design wins form-factor rectangulars are typically only available Gon today’s most mission-critical space applications. From blind-mate and lanyard-release connectors used in with pre-terminated factory pigtail wiring. The Series launch vehicles umbilical cables to special high-speed data link connectors designed for use on a next-generation 791 “Micro-Crimp” however, is a high-performance, space station build, Glenair is still the go-to partner for manned space interconnect engineering and precision machined, and crimp contact terminateable high-density rectangular manufacturing. As always, we offer our space industry customers not only discrete component connector—perfectly suited for space duty with a full range of unique design technologies, but engineered assemblies that combine Glenair signature solutions into turnkey features including integrated ground springs, lobed polarization, and fully- assemblies. This page spread provides a brief summary for a few of these design wins, followed shrouded wire termination zones. up with data sheets for both these as well as some other proven-performance solutions—all with current-day or upcoming manned space flight heritage. Interconnect Design Partner for the Dream Chaser Assisted Separation Force and Lanyard-Release Quick-Disconnect Glenair is the exclusive connector and cable supplier to the Sierra Nevada Corporation Dream Chaser, a reusable suborbital and orbital space plane. Connectors, Cables, and Conduits for Rocket Launch Applications Originally intended solely as a crew transport vehicle, the Dream Chaser Cargo Umbilical cables and ruggedized conduit assemblies used during rocket launch System is now slated to supply the ISS and autonomously land on conventional and inter-stage separation require sophisticated blind-mate and assisted-release runways. Future crewed variants will be capable of carrying up to seven people connectors for reliable disengagement of the interconnect from the launch vehicle. to and from the Low Earth Orbit ISS. Glenair will supply a broad Problems associated with poorly designed connectors of this type have long range of technology to Dream Chaser, most notably our lightweight plagued launch events, even including for manned space programs. An original microfilament braid ArmorLite™, which reduces the weight of critical Titan (Missile C-2), for example, which had already been selected for use in early wire shielding in the unpressurized zones of the space vehicle. Gemini programs, suffered catastrophic failures due to non-separation of umbilical interconnects during launch. These problems have been completely resolved in both space agency and commercial launch systems through the use of purpose-designed MIL-DTL-38999 type connectors—Glenair SuperNine®—with accommodation for mating misalignment and spring-loaded assisted release. These solutions, as well High-Speed Data Links for Canadarm3 as more conventional lanyard-release umbilical connectors, The Canadian Space Agency has sponsored the development of a multi-purpose are supplied by Glenair for today’s most mission-critical robotic arm for use on the International Space Station to deploy, maneuver, and manned space launch systems. capture arriving payloads. Canadarm3 will be equipped with the Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS), an instrumentation package of scanners and lasers used to inspect arriving spacecraft and payloads. Glenair high-speed Series 792 Micro-Crimp connectors and turnkey aerospace-grade cable assemblies with El Ochito® contact technology will support specified high-speed and high-definition video formats as well as 10Gb Ethernet protocols used on the ® Canadarm as viewed from the arm. El Ochito is a high-performance International Space Station shielded contact technology that, in conjunction with its high-performance Series 792 connector packaging, will ensure reliable and uninterrupted datalinks from Canadarm3 to the ISS. 20 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 21 NASA’s STEREO GLENAIR Interconnects for (Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory), SPACE-GRADE BLIND MATE Next-Generation artist’s concept Manned-Flight Space Programs Float-mount and adjustable separation force connectors MIL-DTL-38999 Series III type, environmental, crimp contact

CRITICAL MECHANICAL FEATURES OF BLIND-MATE AND ADJUSTABLE SEPARATION FORCE (ZEF) CONNECTORS

Roll-off nose: allows for Float mounting: allows for Misalignment Sealing: Misalignment the smooth disconnection coplanar movement of the accommodation: Radial, accommodation makes of blind mate plugs and receptacle during mating, axial, and angular environmental sealing receptacles. preventing contact and misalignment during mating difficult. The problem is SPACE GRADE shell damage. is accounted for with integral solved with auxiliary wave springs. external seals. NASA ESA, JAXA Blind-Mate Connectors SCREENED Umbilical Cable, Sealed, Assisted Kick-off, and Lanyard Release Quick-Disconnects

Application: Glenair SuperNine® EMI shielding: Glenair incorporates ground springs in Assisted separation force: Adjustable kick-off style with Blind-mate, fixed and float-mount Series 253 blind-mate connectors are receptacle connectors and grounding fingers in special coupling spring-loaded posts and an adjustment ring to calibrate designed for use in space launch and nut-equipped plugs to optimize 360° shell-to-shell continuity. separation force. A second style uses wave springs on the interconnects for launch applications as well satellite deployment applications, shell body. scientific payloads, interstage, timed as satellite and payload deployment release, and more. LANYARD-RELEASE QUICK-DISCONNECT CONNECTORS FOR LAUNCH UMBILICAL CABLE APPLICATIONS

„ Available in most symmetrical MIL-STD-1560 insert arrangements with contacts sizes from #23 to #8 „ Selected materials offer low outgassing properties and high resistance to both corrosion and stress corrosion cracking „ Designed to withstand the rigors of launch and flight— including shock, vibration, thermal vacuum, acceleration, and AS81703 space-grade temperature extremes lanyard release push pull mated pair with special „ Standard accessory threads and teeth per MIL-DTL-38999 order band and boot platform Jam-free push-on, accommodate a wide range of backshell accessories pull-off technology for „ Crimp-removable contacts standard. PC tails, dual-flange reliable fail-safe axial pull and release standoffs, hermetically sealed, and custom blind-mate configurations available 22 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 23 Interconnects for SERIES 791 MICRO-CRIMP GLENAIR Next-Generation Next-generation micro-miniature rectangular Manned-Flight for demanding aerospace applications Space Programs

Save Size and Weight with Series 791 Connectors The Next Generation Micro-miniature rectangular Connector for Demanding Aerospace / Space Flight Applications

About The Series 791 he Series 791 is an Taerospace-grade micro- SPACE GRADE miniature rectangular connector with EMI protection and environmental sealing. Originally M-17P17 with size 16 contacts Integral backshell cable connector NASA developed for NASA’s Orion capsule, The 791 is qualified for ESA, JAXA „ Coax, twinax, quadrax and „ Available with integral oval manned space flight and is ideal El Ochito octaxial contacts SCREENED for radars, weapons systems and band porch or backshell „ Rugged aluminum shell with avionics gear. accommodation dual polarizing lobes „ Superior EMI shell-to-shell The Series 791 is available either HIGH PERFORMANCE „ Straight and right angle performance compared to with crimp pins or with printed printed circuit board mounting M24308 circuit terminals. Machined aluminum alloy shells feature dual „ SAE AS39029 crimp-and-poke Series 791 lobes for polarization. Contact contacts sizes range from size 8 to size 23 in 37 arrangements. Pin contacts The next-generation micro-miniature are recessed to prevent scooping Polarized / keyed shells rectangular connector for demanding prevent mis-mating and allow damage while mating. Crimp designers to specify identical contacts conform to M39029 aerospace applications. Originally designed layouts side-by-side without requirements and are rear release. Shell size A – the smallest 791 risk of circuit damage for NASA’s Orion project, the 791 is qualified An optional ground spring „ -65°C to +150°C for manned space flight. The 791’s small reduces susceptibility to EMI „ Panel mount versions with „ Next-generation small problems. Fluorosilicone face O-ring or EMI spring size and blind mate capability make it a form factor aerospace- seals and wire grommets prevent grade rectangular moisture and contamination. perfect choice for 2U and 3U electronics connector approved for Panel mount versions are available manned space flight with an O-ring, or for improved modules. Space applications include „ Scoop-proof recessed pin panel bonding, a metal spring. radars, satcom, exoatmospheric vehicles, contacts Board mount versions include Series 791 with MT ferrules „ 37 arrangements; 12 shell straight or right angle terminals. flight avionics, Right angle PCB connectors sizes; size 23, 16, 12 and 8 Series 791 with MT ferrules „ Epoxy sealed board-mount power distribution contacts feature an aluminum shroud configurations, straight and covering the terminals. units, and satellite „ Environmental „ Ruggedized small form-factor, 90°, with and without panel „ EMI shielded Hardware options include high-density MT fiber optic mount sealing screwlocks, jackscrews or guide instrumentation. „ Guide pins for blind mate solution „ Internal ground spring pins for blind mate applications. Prevent mis-mating with Mod Code 555 modules „ Optimized for use with parallel „ Fully shrouded shells for special keying option optic transceivers in ribbon or superior EMC performance round cable applications compared to M24308 24 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 25 Interconnects for HIGH-SPEED GLENAIR Next-Generation Series 792 Manned-Flight The next-generation micro miniature rectangular for Space Programs high-speed space / aerospace applications

DESCRIPTION REQUIREMENT PROCEDURE / NOTES DESCRIPTION REQUIREMENT PROCEDURE / NOTES Operating Shell-to-shell -65° to +175°C EIA-364-32 Test Condition IV 2.5 millivolt maximum EIA-364-83 temperature resistance 1.5 Amps (datalink contacts) Datalink contacts tested: Frequency Attenuation dB Current rating 5 Amps (Size #23 contacts) El Ochito® White 100 75 Shielding 1000 50 750 VAC (Size #23 contacts) EIA-364-66 DWV (sea level) EIA-364-20 effectiveness 3000 44 1000 VAC (datalink contacts) 6000 38 Insulation 5000 MΩ minimum EIA-364-21 10000 35 resistance Ingress IP67 rating IEC-60529 Contact EIA-364-06, 1.0 A test current, protection 55 millivolt maximum resistance, 25°C #24 AWG wire

SPACE GRADE Series 792 Contact Arrangements

NASA A1 A1 A2 A1 A2 1 A1 ESA, JAXA 2 1 4 2 SCREENED A-1W1 • A-1G1* A-3W1 B-2W2 • B-2G2* B-6W2 B-23W1 1 #8 1 #8 / 2 #23 2 #8 2 #8 / 4 #23 1 #8 / 22 #23

A3 A1 A3 2 11 A1

6 3 C-3W3 • C-3G3* C-9W3 C-24W2 3 #8 3 #8 / 6 #23 2 #8 / 22 #23

Series 792 Crimp- A4 A1 A4 3 1 A1

8 4 Contact Rectangular D-4W4 • D-4G4* D-12W4 D-27W3 El Ochito brings high-speed data-rate 4 #8 4 #8 / 8 #23 3 #8 / 24 #23 4 1 performance to the Glenair Series 79 A5 A1 A5 A1 rectangular connector family. Size 8 cavities 10 5 ® „ High-speed Ethernet, USB E-5W5 • E-5G5* E-15W5 E-48W3 accept all styles of El Ochito shielded 3.0, HDMI, and DisplayPort 5 #8 5 #8 / 10#23 3 #8 / 45#23 octaxial contacts making it a „ PCB-mount and cable 5 1 connectors A4 A1 perfect choice for radars, A4 A1 „ Scoop-proof interface 10 6 16 11 HD cameras, mission „ 16 arrangements and 6 A9 A5 A9 A5 shell sizes 22 17 computers, „ Precision-machined dual- remote sensors, lobe polarized shells F-9W9 • F-9G9* F-31W9 9 #8 9 #8 / 22#23 displays, digital „ Environmentally sealed Contact Key * Grounded „ Integrated EMI shielding Size #8 aluminum communications and grounding insert gear, and more. „ Blind mating Size #23 26 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 27 Interconnects for LIGHTWEIGHT, FLEXIBLE GLENAIR Next-Generation ArmorLite™ Microfilament Braid Manned-Flight for EMI/RFI Shielding Applications Space Programs

Side-entry versions of ArmorLite, called MasterWrap™, are available ArmorLite may be overbraided at the factory for interstices reinforcement, spot directly to multibranch assemblies, or supplied in coverage, and repairs. a tubular format for on-site installation.

Using ArmorLite™ in place of wrapped LIGHTWEIGHT foil shielding improves both overall cable coverage as well as penetration resistance to Low Earth Orbit electromagnetic radiation

DESCRIPTION REQUIREMENT PROCEDURE REPORT Operating Temperature -80°C to +260°C (85% Shielding effectiveness 1000 hours) ARM-103 „ Ultra-lightweight EMI/RFI Test pre/post–5 cycles–minimal disparity ARM- Microfilament nickel-clad stainless steel EMI/ Braid Resistivity test, Pre and Post EIA-364-32D IAW AS85049 braided sleeving for high- per spec. 110/1 RFI braided shielding for harsh electromagnetic temperature applications Surface Transfer Impedance Glenair Qual. Test Plan ATP-194 Line injection IEC96-1 A.5.5.3 30KHz - 2.5 GHz mod ARM-104 ™ -80°C to +260°C Shield Effectiveness Test, Pre and Post Glenair Qual. Test Plan ATP-194 Line injection IEC96-1 A.5.5.3 30KHz - 2.5 GHz mod ARM-104 220 lbs. (min.). No anomalies within 8% - 10% Glenair ATP- 183. 0 lbs. to 90 lbs, to 150 radiation applications. ArmorLite is an Tensile/ Pull Strength ARM-105 „ Microfilament stainless of pre test for variable sizes lbs, to 220lbs @ speed of 0.25 inches/min steel: 70% lighter than Glenair Qual. Test Plan 191/ DC resistance/ ANSI/EIA-364-75-1977 Wave Form 5B expandable, flexible, high-strength, conductive ARM-110 Lightning Current Test voltage criteria per DO-160F Level for 3 sizes SAE/ARP5416 Section 6.3 Waveform 1, 3 NiCu A-A-59569/QQB575 ARM-112 stainless steel microfilament braid designed up to 30Ka. (1, 10MHz) and 5A „ Outstanding EMI/RFI Self extinguishing ≤ 2 sec. 14 CFR part 25.853 (a) AMdT25-116 shielding and conductivity Vertical Flammability Burn length 0.1 inch. max. Dripping 0.0 ARM-101 for weight reduction and superior flexibility Appendix F Part I (a) (1) (ii) „ Aerospace environment seconds. Mass Loss and Collected Volatile Total Mass Loss (TML) ≤1.0% Collected compared to conventional wire shielding as qualified ASTM E-595 ARM-102 Condensable Materials Volatile Condensable Matl.(CVCM) ≤.1% „ Superior flexibility and DC Resistance IAW AS85049 .5 milliohm. well as superior coverage compared to foil tape Salt Spray Test ASTM B117-09 Sodium Chloride 5% 500 Hrs ARM-100 ™ “windowing” resistance: No evidence of base metal on braid EAI Test Report 33247. DO160 section 8 Cat. R DO-160F RTCA/DO-160F, Section 9, Fig. 8- wrapping. ArmorLite is radically lighter than 90 to 95% optical coverage Vibration Resistance ARM-111 Vib. Curves E1 4. Curve E1. - 3 sizes – 3 hours on each axis. „ 70,000 psi (min.) tensile No adverse effects in visual inspection or EIA-364-32D, Table 3 Test condition V virtually any other braided shielding solution. Thermal Shock Cycling test and Resistivity ARM-113 strength resistance after 50 cycles -75°C to +215°C DC Resistance IAW AS 85049. Glenair ATP 180 20 continuous @ 6 cycles/min. over 3 By way of comparison, 100 feet of 5/8 inch „ Best performing metallic Abrasion and Plating test ARM-107 ™ internal QTR-003 arms with .030 radiused edges ArmorLite is more than four pounds lighter braid during lightning Fluid Immersion Test Broad material compatibility Customer/AS4373D method 601 Mod ARM-106 tests (IAW ANSI/EIA-364- 2 Cycles: starting 0° over vertical ctr. line Flex Test Glenair ATP 179 ARM-112 than standard 575 A-A-59569 shielding. 75-1997 Waveform 5B) across to 180° cycle. Total cycles of 25633 28 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 29 Astronauts work in tandem to GLENAIR Interconnects for remove debris and lubricate the starboard Solar Alpha Rotary Series 806 Mil-Aero Next-Generation Joint on the STS-126 mission Ultraminiature Circular Connectors Manned-Flight Space Programs for harsh space applications IAW MIL-DTL-38999

SERIES 806 MIL-AERO: FEATURES / SPECIFICATIONS SERIES 806 MIL-AERO PLUG „ Supported wire sizes: Coupling Nut Retainer Ring #20HD contacts Stainless steel Coupling Nut 20–24 AWG Aluminum alloy #22HD contacts Insert Retention Ring 22–28AWG Stainless steel „ Dielectric Wire Seal withstanding fluorosilicone rubber Insulators voltage Glass-filled rigid dielectric #20HD layouts: Contacts 1800 Vac Anti- Gold-plated copper #22HD layouts: 1300 Decoupling Plug Barrel Vac Spring High strength Stainless steel alloy „ Reduced pitch triple-start SPACE GRADE Interfacial Seal modified anti-decoupling stub ACME mating fluorosilicone rubber threads EMI Ground Spring NASA „ “Triple ripple” wire sealing grommet Nickel-plated BeCu (75,000 ft. rated) ESA, JAXA „ Integral Nano-Band shield termination SERIES 806 MIL-AERO RECEPTACLE SCREENED platform Insert Retention Ring Stainless steel „ EMI shielding effectiveness per D38999M Wire Seal para. 4.5.28 (65 dB min. leakage attenuation fluorosilicone rubber @ 10GHz) Insulators Series 806 Glass-filled rigid dielectric „ 10,000 amp indirect lightning strike Jam Nut „ Next-generation small „ MIL-S-901 Grade A high impact shock Aluminum alloy form factor space-grade Shell / Mil-Aero Connectors Mating circular connector AVAILABLE LIGHTWEIGHT ALUMINUM Interface „ Superior environmental, “CODE RED” HERMETICS Aluminum, Innovative design meets key performance Panel O-ring modified electrical and mechanical CODE RED is a lightweight encapsulant sealing and Fluorosilicone triple-start benchmarks for harsh vibration and shock, performance compared assembly process with 50% package-weight savings Shell Body to industry-standard compared to glass-to-metal seal Kovar/stainless Aluminum alloy as well as for aggressive voltage ratings and solutions steel solutions. Non-outgassing altitude immersion standards. Glenair high- „ High density 20HD and CODE RED (IAW NASA/ ESA) provides durable 22HD crimp contact density microminiature circulars are designed- hermetic sealing arrangements as well as with 1X10-7 leak in on today’s signature crewed space vehicle. accommodation for size rate performance. SMALLER AND LIGHTER WITH EQUAL D38999 #8 El Ochito contacts Gold-plated copper PERFORMANCE? „ Glass hermetic, contacts deliver SAVE SIZE AND WEIGHT WITH SERIES 806 CONNECTORS outstanding low- High-Density “Top Hat” Triple Ripple lightweight aluminum Insulator Wire Seal resistance current Layouts hermetic, and filtered Twice as many contacts High voltage rating, Reliable 75,000 ft. carrying capacity. in a smaller package foolproof alignment altitude immersion Series 806 Mil-Aero MIL-DTL-38999 versions Smallest Size Smallest Size „ +200° C temperature .500 In. Mating Threads .625 In. Mating Threads rating 3 #20 Contacts or 7 #22 3 #20 Contacts or 6 #22 contacts contacts

30 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 31 Interconnects for ADVANCED PERFORMANCE GLENAIR Next-Generation Glass-Sealed Manned-Flight Hermetic Connectors Space Programs NASA credit: Photo

UNIQUE HERMETIC OFFERINGS AND CATALOG (COTS) SOLUTIONS

Coax, Triax, Quadrax and Rectangular hermetics including El Ochito high-speed octaxial contacts SPACE GRADE hybrid-contact layouts Series 28 HiPer-D and Series 79 in a lightweight CODE-RED sealed bulkhead feed-thru NASA ESA, JAXA Best-of-Class SCREENED

„ Superior pressure Hermetic Seal resistance to 32,000+ PSI „ Higher resistance to extreme operating Connector Design temperatures to 260°+ C „ Superior mechanical Triax hermetic Hermetic Sav-Con Dual-flange PC tail Feed-thrus and Gender hermetic strength Changers Resolve gas, moisture and particle ingress „ No material breakdown problems with advanced-performance glass- or aging over time „ Helium leak rate <1X10-7 and encapsulant-sealed hermetic connectors cc/sec to 1X10-10

LIGHTWEIGHT HERMETIC SEALING Aluminum shell CODE RED hermetic Lightweight hermetic connectors and encapsulant sealing copper contacts solution with 1X10-7 leak reduce weight and rate performance. Available improve electrical today in Mighty Mouse 806 performance Mil-Aero, M24308/9 D-Sub compared to and D38999/23 heavier-duty Hermetic with crimp- Hermetic bulkhead Hermetic receptacles with glass-to-metal seal removable contacts penetrators integrated band porch hermetic solutions

32 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 33 At the International Space Station, GLENAIR Interconnects for the SpaceX Dragon cargo craft SERIES 88 is grappled by the Canadarm2 ® Next-Generation robotic arm. Photo: NASA SuperFly Nanominiature Manned-Flight Circular Connectors and Cordsets Space Programs

PREWIRED CABLE CONNECTORS AND SOLDER CUPS

Cable plug, Cable receptacle, Front panel mount Rear panel mount Cable plug, Cable receptacle, pigtail wires pigtail wires receptacle, receptacle, solder cup solder cup pigtail wires pigtail wires

In addition to PCB termination and prewired pigtails, SuperFly is also available in ready-to-use overmolded or overbraided cordsets. Wire options include ultraflexible GhostWire or impedance-controlled twisted pairs for high-speed applications.

„ High vibration and shock „ Robust EMI shielding „ 27 Tooled contact arrangements qualified „ Designed for high speed data „ Front or rear panel mounting „ Hybrid contact layouts: applications „ Aluminum or stainless steel with 5 Amp, 3 Amp, and 1 Amp „ Pre-wired, epoxy-sealed cordsets space-grade plating Nanominiature „ High density, small form-factor „ Straight and 90° PC tail receptacles „ Accepts #22 to #32 AWG wire SPACE GRADE Circular Connectors CONTACT ARRANGEMENTS 1 Amp Nanominiature contact layouts NASA 1 2 1 4 1 5 Series 88 SuperFly connectors are 4 1 3 1 4 5 9 6 1 2 1 2 3 7 11 available in 27 contact arrangements 4 7 5 9 8 13 10 ESA, JAXA 3 5 7 15 12 18 with 1 Amp, 3 Amp, 5 Amp 3 5 8 12 10 13 14 18 16 22 19 26 6 19 24 SCREENED contacts, and mixed-contact hybrid 8 13 14 18 23 28 27 33 6 7 16 25 29 and Cables arrangements—all optimized for 9 7 10 17 19 19 22 29 33 34 39 30 31 37 40 44 „ Threaded coupling for secure smallest possible Size, Weight and 34 Microminiature not small enough? mating Power (SWaP) B7N C10N E19N F22N G31N H37N J44N (7) 1A (10) 1A (19) 1A (22) 1A (31) 1A (37) 1A (44) 1A Meet SuperFly the toughest, „ Hybrid nano / micro contact system 3 Amp Microminiature contact layouts Combo 1 Amp and 5 Amp contact layouts 4 „ First mate / last break power 4 1 3 1 4 5 smallest, and highest-density 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 4 3 5 1 1 2 4 7 5 9 1 2 contacts 3 5 2 5 2 8 9 6 3 5 8 12 10 13 7 8 10 11 12 1 4 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 „ 12 13 circular connector with manned Layouts and contact spacing 6 8 17 18 19 14 18 16 3 4 13 16 1 14 15 6 20 21 2 3 3 4 17 18 19 20 1 7 optimized for high-speed 6 7 7 8 22 23 24 25 26 9 7 10 17 19 19 22 6 space-flight heritage data link performance D3M E4M F7M G10M K19M L22M D2W2N F4W4N H6W14N J7W19N (3) 3A (4) 3A (7) 3A (10) 3A (19) 3A (22) 3A (2) 1A, (2) 5A (4) 1A, (4) 5A (14) 1A, (6) 5A (19) 1A, (7) 5A PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD PLUG AND RECEPTACLE STYLES 5 Amp Ultraminiature contact layouts Combo 1 Amp and 3 Amp contact layouts

1 4 2 1 2 1 2 13 3 1 5 3 4 1 2 2 3 5 3 4 3 5 2 2 3 12 4 1 2 5 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 3 5 7 8 2 5 1 4 11 16 21 22 23 24 25 9 10 1 4 8 13 18 11 26 27 28 29 5 6 7 11 12 10 15 3 4 6 8 1 6 30 31 32 2 3 3 4 8 10 1 7 12 17 6 6 7 7 8 11 12 9 14 10 6 9 10 6 13 14 16 7 15 9 8 7 E3W F4W G7W H10W Vertical, Vertical, rear Right angle, Right angle, rear Available turnkey All PCB styles C2M2N E4M4N F4M8N G6M10N G6M12N K13M19N rear panel mount panel mount, PCB rear panel mount panel mount, PCB flex circuit fully sealed (3) 5A (4) 5A (7) 5A (10) 5A mounting holes mounting holes assemblies (2) 1A, (2) 3A (4) 1A, (4) 3A (8) 1A, (4) 3A (10) 1A, (6) 3A (12) 1A, (6) 3A (19) 1A, (13) 3A

34 © 2020 Glenair, Inc • 1211 Air Way, Glendale, CA 91201 • 818-247-6000 • www.Glenair.comQwikConnect • U.S. • CAGEJanuary code 202106324 QwikConnect • January 2021 35 GLENAIR • Volume 25 • Number 1 Distance Gives Perspective Publisher Christopher J. Toomey It’s been well over 50 years since the Managing Editor Apollo 8 spacecraft put astronauts Marcus Kaufman Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and Bill Anders in orbit around the moon. Editor/Art Director In all the excitement that led up to Mike Borgsdorf that flight, I most recall the buzz Graphic Designer about seeing the dark side of the George Ramirez lunar landscape for the first time in Technical Consultant human history. What a revelation Jim Donaldson it was that the biggest take-away from Apollo 8 instead turned Issue Contributors out to be the iconic “Earthrise” Martin Eichelberger photograph that so dramatically Shawn Grady Guido Hunziker captured our own planet rising above Brian Kaufman the lunar landscape. Bill Anders Nate Kaufman had a line that perfectly captured the moment, “We came to explore the Ron Logan moon and what we discovered was the Earth.” Torsten Möllers Ali Yassine The impact of the photograph was quite visceral, changing forever our view of Earth from the perspective of the many lands we each occupy, to a more holistic view of the planet as a single system. Not surprisingly, the Distribution environmental movement adopted the image as a tool to remind us that we Terry White are all in this together. To subscribe or unsubscribe, please contact Terry White: These Outlook columns are all of a type. Each one takes a look at some [email protected] singular aspect of the world around us, and then applies the lesson back to our business here at Glenair. Read individually, the articles are like the many QwikConnect is published quarterly by countries, organizations, businesses, and neighborhoods we each occupy on Glenair, Inc. and printed in the U.S.A. All rights reserved. © Copyright 2021 earth. But read as a series, they become a holistic view of the system of values Glenair, Inc. A complete archive of past and practices we follow here at Glenair. The perspective I hope to share with issues of QwikConnect is available on the Internet at www.glenair.com/ you all today is that only by viewing and treating the important realms of our qwikconnect lives as integrated systems—rather than as random assortments of tasks and duties—can we ever hope to achieve balance, happiness and success. No matter what our individual roles are, we all need to be reminded now and then to step back, to get a little distance, to consider our activities in the context of the larger system. Like the Apollo 8 astronauts, who paused in their laser-focused examination of the moon’s surface to look up and witness, GLENAIR, INC. 1211 AIR WAY for the first time in human history, our blue-green planet rising above the GLENDALE, CA 91201-2497 horizon. TEL: 818-247-6000 FAX: 818-500-9912 There’s an old saying that “distance gives perspective.” It seems to me that this E-MAIL: [email protected] is a powerfully important thing to practice in life—whether you are orbiting www.glenair.com the moon, or doing your job down here on Earth.