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America's First Moon Landing
America’s First Moon Landing (July 21, 1969) Apollo 11, which was launched into his oval mural commemorating America’s Moon landing space from the Kennedy Space Center, embellishes the Brumidi Corridors in the Senate wing of the Florida, began its epic voyage to the Moon on July 16, 1969. On board were Capitol. The mural’s three main elements are: the rocket that Commander Neil A. Armstrong, Lunar propelled the astronauts into orbit; astronauts Neil Armstrong Module Pilot Edwin E. ”Buzz“ Aldrin, Jr., and Buzz Aldrin planting the United States flag on the Moon, and Command Module Pilot Michael with the lunar module Eagle in the background and the space capsule Collins. After 24 hours in lunar orbit, the T command/service module, Columbia, Columbia circling the Moon; and a view of Earth as seen from the Moon. separated from the lunar module, Eagle. Although the Eagle landed on the Moon in the afternoon of July 20, Armstrong and Aldrin began their descent to the lunar surface in the Eagle while Armstrong and Aldrin did not erect the flag until the next morning, which Collins stayed behind to pilot the explains why the scene is dated July 21, 1969. Columbia. The lunar module touched Muralist Allyn Cox painted the work. The son of artists Kenyon down on the Moon at Tranquility Base on July 20, 1969, at 4:17 P.M. EDT.Arm and Louise King Cox, Allyn Cox was born in New York City. He was strong reported, “The Eagle has landed.” educated at the National Academy of Design and the Art Students League At 10:56 P.M., Armstrong stepped in New York, and the American Academy in Rome. -
Swri IR&D Program 2016
Internal Research and Development 2016 The SwRI IR&D Program exists to broaden the Institute's technology base and to encourage staff professional growth. Internal funding of research enables the Institute to advance knowledge, increase its technical capabilities, and expand its reputation as a leader in science and technology. The program also allows Institute engineers and scientists to continually grow in their technical fields by providing freedom to explore innovative and unproven concepts without contractual restrictions and expectations. Space Science Materials Research & Structural Mechanics Intelligent Systems, Advanced Computer & Electronic Technology, & Automation Engines, Fuels, Lubricants, & Vehicle Systems Geology & Nuclear Waste Management Fluid & Machinery Dynamics Electronic Systems & Instrumentation Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Copyright© 2017 by Southwest Research Institute. All rights reserved under U.S. Copyright Law and International Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without permission in writing from the publisher. All inquiries should be addressed to Communications Department, Southwest Research Institute, P.O. Drawer 28510, San Antonio, Texas 78228-0510, [email protected], fax (210) 522-3547. 2016 IR&D | IR&D Home SwRI IR&D 2016 – Space Science Capability Development and Demonstration for Next-Generation Suborbital Research, 15-R8115 Scaling Kinetic Inductance Detectors, 15-R8311 Capability Development of -
President Richard Nixon's Daily Diary, July 16-31, 1969
RICHARD NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL RECORD DOCUMENT DOCUMENT SUBJECT/TITLE OR CORRESPONDENTS DATE RESTRICTION NUMBER TYPE 1 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest 7/30/1969 A 2 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest from Don- 7/30/1969 A Maung Airport, Bangkok 3 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 7/23/1969 A Appendix “B” 4 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 7/24/1969 A Appendix “A” 5 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 7/26/1969 A Appendix “B” 6 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 7/27/1969 A Appendix “A” COLLECTION TITLE BOX NUMBER WHCF: SMOF: Office of Presidential Papers and Archives RC-3 FOLDER TITLE President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary July 16, 1969 – July 31, 1969 PRMPA RESTRICTION CODES: A. Release would violate a Federal statute or Agency Policy. E. Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or B. National security classified information. financial information. C. Pending or approved claim that release would violate an individual’s F. Release would disclose investigatory information compiled for law rights. enforcement purposes. D. Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of privacy G. Withdrawn and return private and personal material. or a libel of a living person. H. Withdrawn and returned non-historical material. DEED OF GIFT RESTRICTION CODES: D-DOG Personal privacy under deed of gift -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION *U.S. GPO; 1989-235-084/00024 NA 14021 (4-85) rnc.~IIJc.I'" rtIl."I'\ttU 1"'AUI'4'~ UAILJ UIAtU (See Travel Record for Travel Activity) ---- -~-------------------~--------------I PLACi-· DAY BEGA;'{ DATE (Mo., Day, Yr.) JULY 16, 1969 TIME DAY THE WHITE HOUSE - Washington, D. -
MTGC] Constraining Spacetime Torsion with the Moon and Mercury Theoretical Predictions and Experimental Limits on New Gravitational Physics
Constraining Spacetime Torsion with Lunar Laser Ranging, Mercury Radar Ranging, LAGEOS, next lunar surface missions and BepiColombo Riccardo March1,3, Giovanni Belletini2,3, Roberto Tauraso2,3, Simone Dell’Agnello3,* 1 Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo (IAC), CNR, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Roma, Italy 2 Dipart. di Matematica, Univ. di Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy 3 Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (INFN-LNF), Via Enrico Fermi 40, Frascati (Rome), 00044, Italy 17th International Laser Workshop on Laser Ranging - Bad Koetzting, Germany, May 16-20, 2011 * Presented by S. Dell’Agnello Outline • Introduction • Spacetime torsion predictions • Constraints with Moon and Mercury • Constraints with the LAser GEOdynamics Satellite (LAGEOS) • LLR prospects and opportunities • Conclusions • In the spare slides: further reference material • See also talk of Claudio Cantone (ETRUSCO-2), talk and poster by Alessandro Boni (LAGEOS Sector, Hollow reflector) and, especially, the talk of Doug Currie (LLR for the 21st century) 17th Workshop on Laser Ranging. Germany May 16, 2011 R. March, G. Bellettini, R. Tauraso, S. Dell’Agnello 2 INFN (brief and partial overview) • INFN; public research institute – Main mission: study of fundamental forces (including gravity), particle, nuclear and astroparticle physics and of its technological and industrial applications (SLR, LLR, GNSS, space geodesy…) • Prominent participation in major astroparticle physics missions: – FERMI, PAMELA, AGILE (all launched) – AMS-02, to be launched by STS-134 Endeavor to the International Space Station (ISS) on May 16, 2011 • VIRGO, gravitational wave interferometer (teamed up with LIGO) • …. More, see http://www.infn.it 17th Workshop on Laser Ranging. -
PEANUTS and SPACE FOUNDATION Apollo and Beyond
Reproducible Master PEANUTS and SPACE FOUNDATION Apollo and Beyond GRADE 4 – 5 OBJECTIVES PAGE 1 Students will: ö Read Snoopy, First Beagle on the Moon! and Shoot for the Moon, Snoopy! ö Learn facts about the Apollo Moon missions. ö Use this information to complete a fill-in-the-blank fact worksheet. ö Create mission objectives for a brand new mission to the moon. SUGGESTED GRADE LEVELS 4 – 5 SUBJECT AREAS Space Science, History TIMELINE 30 – 45 minutes NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDS ö 5-ESS1 ESS1.B Earth and the Solar System ö 3-5-ETS1 ETS1.B Developing Possible Solutions 21st CENTURY ESSENTIAL SKILLS Collaboration and Teamwork, Communication, Information Literacy, Flexibility, Leadership, Initiative, Organizing Concepts, Obtaining/Evaluating/Communicating Ideas BACKGROUND ö According to NASA.gov, NASA has proudly shared an association with Charles M. Schulz and his American icon Snoopy since Apollo missions began in the 1960s. Schulz created comic strips depicting Snoopy on the Moon, capturing public excitement about America’s achievements in space. In May 1969, Apollo 10 astronauts traveled to the Moon for a final trial run before the lunar landings took place on later missions. Because that mission required the lunar module to skim within 50,000 feet of the Moon’s surface and “snoop around” to determine the landing site for Apollo 11, the crew named the lunar module Snoopy. The command module was named Charlie Brown, after Snoopy’s loyal owner. These books are a united effort between Peanuts Worldwide, NASA and Simon & Schuster to generate interest in space among today’s younger children. -
From the Editor
FROM THE EDITOR he fIrst thing I did when we click away on the computer keys, arrived home from vacation he spins around on his activity wheel Tthe other day was to look in and we both savor the classical music the den. from the stereo in the background. "The rat is still alive," I whispered At least, I think I saw him smile the to Kate, my wife. other day. "The rat" is Marvin, our 2-year- A few months ago, a French old pet hamster. Marvin joined our cable TV crew came to our house family two years ago. I was out of to document the life of a part-time town at a professional conference telecommuter. While most ofthe when Maggie, then 2, and Casey, then report focused on me typing away at 5, talked Kate into the purchase. the computer, there were fIve bizarre Casey was allowed to name the seconds of Marvin spinning around On the cover: With such rodent; she still can't explain where on his wheel. huge exposure in more than 120 countries, HP is turning she came up with the name. The analogy was eerie. the corner on sponsorships As animals go, hamsters rank right Sadly, while 2 is an extremely for many diverse sports up there with turtles and goldfIsh as young age for most ofus, it's typically teams. Team Jordan's Rubens Barrichello is shown low-maintenance pets. A little water, a lifetime for hamsters. So Kate and turning hard enough to get some hamster food and a spinning I are preparing to explain the eventu daylight under a tire of his activity wheel will keep a hamster ality of death to Casey and Maggie. -
Design Your Mission Patch 1
Activities: 9. Design Your Mission Patch 1 Design Your Mission Patch Suggested Grade Level: 3–9 Summary 1. Students will work in teams to design a space mission patch. 2. In order to design the patch, the teams will use the Mission Patch Checklist to select a mission type, destination, mission goal(s), science objective(s), and mission name. Standards NM Science Content Standards: Strand III, Science and Society NM Arts Content Standards 2, 4, and 5 NM Career Readiness Standard 5 National Science Education Standards: Standard G, History and Nature of Science Background Information A space mission requires hundreds (sometimes thousands) of people working together in a variety of jobs. Construction workers, truck drivers, spacecraft designers, engineers, planetary geologists, chemists, physicists, and astronauts may all work together to create a successful mission. One of the things that holds this group together is a well-defined understanding of their mission goals and objectives and pride in their achievement. The mission patch is the graphic representation of their common goal. Each mission patch is unique and is frequently designed by the people involved in the mission to represent the important aspects of the mission. Suggested Materials Mission Patch Checklist accompanying this activity Color or black and white copies of a variety of mission patches (included) White drawing paper Pens, crayons, or markers Preparation 1. Print and photocopy the Mission Patch Checklist and Mission Patch Examples for each team of students. 2. For more information about NASA mission patches, log on to www.hq.nasa.gov/ office/pao/History/mission_patches.html or have students access this site prior to the activity. -
Earthrise- Contents and Chapter 1
EARTHRISE: HOW MAN FIRST SAW THE EARTH Contents 1. Earthrise, seen for the first time by human eyes 2. Apollo 8: from the Moon to the Earth 3. A Short History of the Whole Earth 4. From Landscape to Planet 5. Blue Marble 6. An Astronaut’s View of Earth 7. From Cold War to Open Skies 8. From Spaceship Earth to Mother Earth 9. Gaia 10. The Discovery of the Earth 1. Earthrise, seen for the first time by human eyes On Christmas Eve 1968 three American astronauts were in orbit around the Moon: Frank Borman, James Lovell, and Bill Anders. The crew of Apollo 8 had been declared by the United Nations to be the ‘envoys of mankind in outer space’; they were also its eyes.1 They were already the first people to leave Earth orbit, the first to set eyes on the whole Earth, and the first to see the dark side of the Moon, but the most powerful experience still awaited them. For three orbits they gazed down on the lunar surface through their capsule’s tiny windows as they carried out the checks and observations prescribed for almost every minute of this tightly-planned mission. On the fourth orbit, as they began to emerge from the far side of the Moon, something happened. They were still out of radio contact with the Earth, but the on- board voice recorder captured their excitement. Borman: Oh my God! Look at that picture over there! Here’s the Earth coming up. Wow, that is pretty! Anders: Hey, don’t take that, it’s not scheduled. -
Ames - 75 Years of World Leadership in Science and Technology on Aug
April 2014 - A Quarterly Publication Ames - 75 years of world leadership in science and technology On Aug. 4, 1939, the U.S. Senate passed a bill that included funding for a new National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) research sta- tion, where advanced research facilities would be built to develop future flight technologies. Almost 20 years later, the NACA research laboratory became part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Today, 75 years after its inception, NASA’s Ames Research Center at Moffett Field, Mountain View, Calif., continues its world leadership in science and technology. As part of our celebration to commemorate Ames and its glorious past, the Astrogram will publish a series of feature stories depicting past research projects and facilities. To all those who have been an integral part of our past and present, Happy 75th anniversary Ames! See historic Ames photos on page 6 Atmospheric science: NASA Ames’ early contribution to our home planet (part one) The prospect of war was the driv- ing force for Ames’ first research authorization, a study to protect airplanes from the hazards of icing while flying. In 1941, Ames researchers flew a Curtiss C-46 (left) as a flying de-icing research laboratory, to study atmospheric conditions. Wom- en are pictured in the photo, one in the cockpit and two standing with tools in hand. NACA photo BY RUTH DASSO MARLAIRE In 1941, Ames researchers flew a spaceflight program. He refused to Atmospheric research and air- Curtiss C-46 as a flying de-icing fund NASA at the 1960s level, but he borne science campaigns have been research laboratory to study atmo- did approve the start of NASA’s space strengths of NASA’s Ames Research spheric conditions, including liquid- shuttle program. -
A Journey: the International Space Station an Annotated Storyboard: an Example of How to Create a Digital Story
A Journey: The International Space Station An Annotated Storyboard: An Example of How to Create a Digital Story This was my first attempt to create a digital story, and in fact the first time I had ever done video editing on the computer. As a result, it is not perfect. The original intent had been to create a digital story of no more than about 7 minutes length, that told of some aspect of my life, Work or interests. It was to include a variety of images and videos from several sources, have a soundtrack, and my own narration. One of the first things you are told when you go to build a digital story, is to create a storyboard to lay out your ideas, scenes, script and thoughts, aims and goals for each segment of the story. This was not how I created this story. I think visually. My first steps were to review my extensive image and video collection to identify source material and a list of topics from which I would begin my work, and from that, to select a series of videos and still images which I would try to incorporate in my story, and lay them out in a meaningful order. My original idea was to talk about different spacecraft and how they operate. But during the initial review of a preliminary draft of that story, my mentor asked, “why is this meaningful for you” and, when I showed videos of the interior of the space station, he asked “well I see a bunch of stuff, but what is it?” This set me off in a somewhat different direction from where I had started. -
ESA Bulletin February 2003
SMART-1/2 3/3/03 3:56 PM Page 14 Science A Solar-Powered Visit to the Moon “As the first spacecraft to use primary electric propulsion in conjunction with gravity manoeuvres,and as Europe’s first mission to the Moon, SMART-1 opens up new horizons in space engineering and scientific discovery.Moreover,we promise frequent news and pictures,so that everyone can share in our lunar adventure.” Giuseppe Racca, ESA’s Smart-1 Project Manager. 14 SMART-1/2 3/3/03 3:56 PM Page 15 SMART-1 The SMART-1 Mission Giuseppe Racca, Bernard Foing, and the SMART-1 Project Team ESA Directorate of Scientific Programmes, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands y July 2003 a hitchhiking team of engineers and scientists will be at Europe’s spaceport at Kourou in French Guiana, thumbing Ba lift for a neat little spacecraft, ESA’s SMART-1, on the next Ariane-5 launcher that has room to spare. It’s not very big - just a box a metre wide with folded solar panels attached - and six strong men could lift it. It weighs less than 370 kilograms, compared with thousands of kilos for Ariane’s usual customers’satellites. So it should pose no problems as an auxiliary passenger. SMART stands for Small Missions for Advanced Research in Technology. They pave the way for the novel and ambitious science projects of the future, by testing the new technologies that will be needed. But a SMART project is also required to be cheap - about one- fifth of the cost of a major science mission for ESA - which is why SMART-1 has no launcher of its own. -
EH9.3 JULYL04 Gallery.Pmd
gallery NEIL MAHER ON SHOOTING THE MOON ON 22 APRIL 1970, the first Earth Day, citizens paraded, rallied, and protested for the environment with drawings, paintings, and illustrations—but not with photographs—of the entire Earth. No such photograph existed. In 1970, the reigning iconic image of the Earth from space was the first picture shown here, Earthrise, taken by Apollo 8 in late December of 1968. On 7 December 1972, an Apollo 17 astronaut snapped the second photograph below, which quickly replaced Earthrise as the image of Earth from space for an American public ready to “Think Globally, Act Locally.” This essay explores the connections between technology, nature, and narrative in the production and reception of these two popular NASA photographs. While both these pictures are familiar to Americans today, the stories they tell are less well known, surprisingly divergent, and indicate that whether we are hiking close to home with map and compass or rocketing toward the Moon, technology mediates our contact with the environment and in doing so shapes the stories we tell about nature. As important, these extraterrestrial tales also suggest how the relationship between nature and technology in American culture shifted during four of the most turbulent years of the postwar period.1 The technology used to create and publicize these two photographs was nearly identical. Both the Apollo 8 and Apollo 17 missions depended on three-stage Saturn 5 rockets, developed by NASA’s Wernher Von Braun, to transport astronauts far enough from Earth—approximately 240,000 nautical miles—to peer back at the entire planet.