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Transversal Politics and West African Security
Transversal Politics and West African Security By Moya Collett A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy School of Social Sciences and International Studies University of New South Wales, 2008 ORIGINALITY STATEMENT ‘I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person, or substantial proportions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at UNSW or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis. Any contribution made to the research by others, with whom I have worked at UNSW or elsewhere, is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project's design and conception or in style, presentation and linguistic expression is acknowledged.’ Signed Moya Collett…………….............. Date 08/08/08……………………….............. COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ‘I hereby grant the University of New South Wales or its agents the right to archive and to make available my thesis or dissertation in whole or part in the University libraries in all forms of media, now or here after known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. I retain all proprietary rights, such as patent rights. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I also authorise University Microfilms to use the 350 word abstract of my thesis in Dissertation Abstract International (this is applicable to doctoral theses only). -
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International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Studies Website: https://www.ijahss.in/ ISSN(Online): 2582-3647 Volume 3; Issue 4; Jul-Aug 2021; Page No. 22-30 Open Access Original Paper The Ijo and The Economics of The Niger Delta, Nigeria, In Pre-Colonial Times Charles Okeke Okoko1*, Augustine Okechukwu Nwalu2 1,2Department of History and International Studies, Evangel University, Akaeze, Ebonyi State, Nigeria ABSTRACT Despite the long time of separation, dating about six thousand years ago, the Ijo (central, western and eastern) maintained a common language and culture. They are linguistically related to their neighbours, such as the Edo, Igbo and Yoruba, all grouped under the Niger-Kordofanian proto-phylum of languages. As a result of the referrals to these people by eminent historians as „city-states‟ and „trading states‟ made it imperative for this study to painstakingly review the traditional economic system of the Ijo, especially of the Eastern Niger Delta states. This entailed a survey of their land and tenure system; agricultural products and practices; crafts and manufacturing; and trade and marketing in the pre-Atlantic trade period. Having considered the primordial socio-political and economic institutions in Ijoland, the impact of the trans- Atlantic trade nexus the transformations it wrought on the Ijo society; the economic impact of the Atlantic trade: its attendant accumulation of wealth, therefore power; the specifications and specializations in the political apparatuses; and the eventual move away from the village assemblies of the various Ijo states to the centrality of the political institutions as evidenced in the case of the Elem Kalabari, and of course in the other city-states were equally surveyed in detail. -
Volume 24 1997 Issue 73
Review of African Political Economy No.73:307-310 © ROAPE Publications Ltd., 1997 ISSN 0305-6244; RIX #7301 Commentary Ray Bush & Morris Szeftel This issue continues the critical evaluation of aspects of Africa's economic and political crisis offered in previous editions of the ROAPE Review of Books in the hope of an effective alternative to prevailing notions. In the present conjuncture, the dominant forces of global capitalism restrict the policy agenda with regard to arresting economic decline, ethnic conflict and state disintegration. Structural adjustment (imposing externally-regulated liberalisation) and liberal democratic political reform (largely confined to electoral competition among a small elite and the sponsorship of civil society) have been the only games in town. The evidence is everywhere that this narrow agenda is inadequate for the task. Its apologists defend it, not by pointing to their successes or their intellectual coherence and elegance, but by reiterating that there are no alternatives. Hence the need to encourage the widest range of critical contributions in that hope that, from them, alternatives will begin to emerge. The need for a new agenda is manifest. Economic restructuring, after 25 years of failure and despite the continuing brutality of its social impact, draws only muted criticism. Despite these failures, and notwithstanding occasional hand-wringing by the World Bank (as it accepts that mistakes have been made and launches a new slogan), Africa continues to be 'adjusted' to fit it for its station on the margins of world capitalist markets. The disappointments of democratisation are more recent and thus less fully explored. But the limitations of political pluralism as a means of promoting democratisation and overcoming the instability, ineffectiveness and corruption of post-colonial states, are already clear. -
MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES and the AFTERMATH of WAR Jean-Hervé Jézéquel and Camille Perreand
Sortie_Guerre_GB:150x210 03/10/11 17:38 Page1 MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES AND THE AFTERMATH OF WAR Jean-Hervé Jézéquel and Camille Perreand September 2011 - Crash/Fondation Médecins Sans Frontières Sortie_Guerre_GB:150x210 03/10/11 17:38 Page2 IN THE MSF SPEAKING OUT COLLECTION - Salvadoran Refugee Camps in Honduras (1988), Laurence Binet Available in French and English, October 2003 - April 2004 - Genocide of Rwandan Tutsis (1994), Laurence Binet Available in French and English, October 2003 - April 2004 - Rwandan refugee camps Zaire and Tanzania (1994-1995), Laurence Binet Available in French and English, October 2003 - April 2004 - The violence of the new Rwandan regime (1994-1995), Laurence Binet Available in French and English, October 2003 - April 2004 - Hunting and killing of Rwandan Refugee in Zaire-Congo (1996-1997), Laurence Binet Available in French and English, October 2003 - April 2004 - Famine and forced relocations in Ethiopia (1984-1986), Laurence Binet Available in French and English, January 2005 - Violence against Kosovar Albanians, NATO’s intervention (1998- 1999), Laurence Binet Available in French and English, September 2006 - MSF and North Korea, 1995-1998, Laurence Binet Available in French and English, January 2008 - War Crimes and Politics of terrors in Chechnya, Laurence Binet Available in French and English, June 2010 2 Sortie_Guerre_GB:150x210 03/10/11 17:38 Page3 ALSO IN THE CAHIERS DU CRASH COLLECTION - A critique of MSF France Operation in Darfur (Sudan), Dr Corinne Danet, Sophie Delaunay, Dr Evelyne Depoortere, -
Empowerment, Reintegration, and Female Ex
Empowerment, Reintegration, and Female Ex-Combatants: A Critical Feminist Peacebuilding Analysis of UN-led Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration Programs in Liberia and Nepal A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2020 Michanne L Steenbergen School of Social Sciences Contents Figures ____________________________________________________ 4 Index ______________________________________________________ 5 Declaration _________________________________________________ 7 Acknowledgments ____________________________________________ 8 Introduction _________________________________________________ 9 Argument and Contributions _______________________________________________ 11 Why Liberia and Nepal?___________________________________________________ 12 Chapter outline _________________________________________________________ 14 What is DDR? __________________________________________________________ 17 Liberia and Nepal _______________________________________________________ 21 Chapter 1: Feminist Critiques of DDR ____________________________ 36 Feminist Critique 1: Female Ex-Combatants Are Excluded From DDR _________________ 38 Feminist Critique 2: Inclusion in DDR Reproduces Gendered Inequalities ______________ 42 Feminist Critique 3: The Concept of Reintegration is Problematic ____________________ 45 Economic, Social, and Political Reintegration ___________________________________ 50 Conclusions ____________________________________________________________ 66 -
Violence: from the Political to the Personal Examining Links Between
VIOLENCE: FROM THE POLITICAL TO THE PERSONAL EXAMINING LINKS BETWEEN CONFLICT AND INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE IN LIBERIA by Jocelyn Kelly A dissertation submitted to the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland March 17, 2017 Abstract Background: Each year, war and interpersonal violence account for a significant burden on morbidity and mortality worldwide. Roughly one third of violence-related deaths are attributed to interpersonal violence and one-fifth are attributed war. New scholarship has shown how violence can spread across populations temporally and spatially. Yet the link between armed conflict and postconflict interpersonal violence is poorly documented. Methods: This dissertation will use multilevel modeling to assess the link between levels of armed conflict at the district level and postconflict individual-level interpersonal violence in a single, conflict-affected nation (Liberia). Armed Conflict Location and Event Data ACLED data will be used to provide a measure of the extent to which a community has been affected by conflict at the district-level during the country’s civil war from 1999-2003. The primary predictor of conflict is whether a district experienced any versus no conflict-related fatalities during war. Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 2007 will provide information about health and social characteristics at the individual level, including the project outcomes of past-year non-partner physical violence (NPPV) and intimate partner violence (IPV). Results: In the bivariate model, conflict as measured by a district experiencing any versus no fatalities, was associated with NPPV (OR 2.62, p<0.001). -
Towards the Decolonization of the African Film by Hyginus Ekwuazi*
The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/ Available through a partnership with Scroll down to read the article. Africa Media Review Vol. 5 No. 2.1991 ©African Council for Communication Education Towards the Decolonization of the African Film by Hyginus Ekwuazi* Abstract This paper identifies the inalienable features which characterize the truly indigen- ous African film. It argues that the pre-eminence of the USA and India in the international movie marketplace translates into the colonization of both the medium and the industry in the importing country. It works out the rubrics for an African aesthetic of the film with examples from the works of leading African film makers. Dr. Hyginus Ekwuazi is a lecturer in the Department of Theatre Arts, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. 95 Vers la Decolonisation du Cinema Africain Resume Cet article identifie les traits inalienables qui caracteristent le cinema indigene africain r£el. II affirme que le role important que jouent les USA et l'lnde au sein du marchc cindmatographique international aboutit a la colonisation des medias et de l'industrie dans le pays importateur. II formule des propositions pour une csthetiquc africaine du cin6ma avec des exemples tir6s des oeuvres des cin6ma- tographes africains de premier plan. 96 ... a viable black cinema cannot survive under the shadow of Holly- wood reproducing Hollywood's dominant signifying paradigms. (Gladstone Yearwood, 1982:73). -
No. 22 Nutrition Goals and Targets
United Nations Administrative Committee on Coordination SUB-COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION (ACC/SCN) —The UN System’s Forum for Nutrition— The Administrative Committee on Coordination (ACC), which is comprised of the heads of the UN Agencies, recommended the establishment of the Sub-Committee on Nutrition (SCN) in 1977, following the World Food Conference (with particular reference to Resolution V on food and nutrition). This was approved by the Economic and Social Council of the UN (ECOSOC). The UN members of the SCN are ECA, FAO, IAEA, IFAD, ILO, UN, UNAIDS, UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCHR, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNRISD, UNU, WFP, WHO and the World Bank. IFPRI and the ADB are also members. From the outset, representatives of bilateral donor agencies have participated actively in SCN activities as do nongovernmental organizations. The Secretariat is hosted by WHO in Geneva. The mandate of the ACC/SCN is to serve as the UN focal point for promoting harmonized nutrition policies and strategies throughout the UN system, and to strengthen collaboration with other partners for accelerated and more effective action against malnutrition. The aim of the SCN is to raise awareness of and concern for nutrition problems at global, regional and national levels; to refine the direction, increase the scale and strengthen the coherence and impact of actions against malnutrition worldwide; and to promote cooperation among UN agencies and partner organizations. The SCN’s annual meetings have representation from UN Agencies, donor agencies and NGOs; these meetings begin with symposia on subjects of current importance for policy. The SCN brings such matters to the attention of the ACC and convenes working groups on specialized areas of nutrition. -
State Building and Service Provision After Rebel Victory in Civil Wars
From Insurgent to Incumbent: State Building and Service Provision After Rebel Victory in Civil Wars The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:40050154 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA From Insurgent to Incumbent: State Building and Service Provision after Rebel Victory in Civil Wars A dissertation presented by Kai Massey Thaler to The Department of Government in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Political Science Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2018 © 2018 – Kai Massey Thaler All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Kai Massey Thaler Professor Steven Levitsky From Insurgent to Incumbent: State Building and Service Provision after Rebel Victory in Civil Wars ABSTRACT How do rebel organizations govern when they gain control of an internationally recognized state? I advance an organization-level theory, arguing that ideology affects recruitment, socialization of fighters and followers, and group relations with civilians, creating path dependencies that carry over to shape post-victory state building and governance. I code rebel groups on a spectrum between two ideal types: programmatic and opportunistic. More programmatic organizations’ aims extend beyond power to socioeconomic and political transformation, spurring attempts to expand state reach over and through territory and society. -
Monrovia Modern | Urban Form and Political Imagination in Liberia
Danny Hoffman Monrovia Modern | Urban Form and Political Imagination in Liberia Danny Hoffman ii Chapter One Hoffman_ALL_FF.indd 2 7/10/17 2:24 PM Monrovia Modern Urban Form and Political Imagination in Liberia Danny Hoffman Duke University Press Durham and London 2017 Hoffman_ALL_FF.indd 3 7/10/17 2:24 PM © 2017 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in Korea on acid- free paper ∞ Designed by Heather Hensley Typeset in Minion Pro by Copperline Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the Library of Congress. isbn 978-0-8223-6357-6 (hardcover : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-8223-5884-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-8223-7308-7 (ebook) Cover art: E. J. Roye. Photo by Danny Hoffman. Duke University Press gratefully acknowledges the support of the University of Washington, Department of Anthropology, which provided funds toward the production of this book. Hoffman_ALL_FF.indd 4 7/10/17 2:24 PM Porte cochère, Liberia Broadcasting System Hoffman_ALL_FF.indd 5 7/10/17 2:24 PM Dedicated, as all things are, to Julie, Corey Rose, Lucy, and Eve. Hoffman_ALL_FF.indd 7 7/10/17 2:24 PM Modern architecture, and its extension into town planning, has above all this task . of making industrialism fit for human use; [making] buildings and larger aggregations in which life may know its bounds and flourish. — Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew, architects and advisors to the British colonies in West Africa, 1956 Hoffman_ALL_FF.indd 9 7/10/17 2:24 PM Contents xiii Illustrations xvii Preface xxiii Acknowledgments 1 Introduction 33 CHAPTER 1 Live Dangerously, My Brothers: Ex- Combatants and the Political Economy of Space 61 CHAPTER 2 The Ministry of Defense: Excessive Architecture 91 CHAPTER 3 E. -
When Négritude Was in Vogue: Critical Reflections of the First World Festival of Negro Arts and Culture in 1966
When Négritude Was In Vogue: Critical Reflections of the First World Festival of Negro Arts and Culture in 1966 by Anthony J. Ratcliff, Ph.D. [email protected] Assistant Professor, Department of Pan African Studies California State University, Northridge Abstract Six years after assuming the presidency of a newly independent Senegal, Leopold Sédar Senghor, with the support of UNESCO, convened the First World Festival of Negro Arts and Culture in Dakar held from April 1-24, 1966. The Dakar Festival was Senghor’s attempt to highlight the development of his country and “his” philosophy, Négritude. Margaret Danner, a Afro-North American poet from Chicago and attendee of the Festival referred to him as “a modern African artist, as host; / a word sculpturer (sic), strong enough to amass / the vast amount of exaltation needed to tow his followers through / the Senegalese sands, toward their modern rivers and figures of gold.” For Danner and many other Black cultural workers in North America, the prospects of attending an international festival on the African continent intimated that cultural unity among Africans and Afro-descendants was rife with possibility. What is more, for a brief historical juncture, Senghor and his affiliates were able to posit Négritude as a viable philosophical model in which to realize this unity. However, upon critical reflection, a number of the Black cultural workers who initially championed the Dakar Festival came to express consternation at the behind the scenes machinations which severely weakened the “lovely dream” of “Pan-Africa.” 167 The Journal of Pan African Studies, vo.6, no.7, February 2014 Following Senegal’s independence from France in 1960, the poet-statesman Leopold Sédar Senghor became the county’s first African president. -
African Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Artists and Musicians; African History, Politics, and Social Questions
Dennis Duerden collection of sound recordings relating to African novelists, poets, playwrights, artists and musicians; African history, politics, and social questions Note: Part of the Duerden Collection purchased from The Transcription Center (London) by Archives of Traditional Music, Indiana University, Bloomington, and the Cooperative Africana Microfilm Project (CAMP) a division of the Center for Research Libraries, Chicago, in 1974; under option 2. Digitized transcripts of sound recordings by The Transcription Center (London) in various locations, ca. 1962-1969. Original sound recordings held by Archives of Traditional Music, Indiana University, Bloomington. Below is a list of the sixteen titles contained in the collection. Title OCLC Transcripts of "Africa, interviews with Black African writers and artists, ca. 1962-1969" 813232968 Transcripts of "Africa, Lectures with Black African writers and artists, 1962-1966" 813410265 Transcripts of "Africa, Black African writers and playwrights, 1962-1968" 813410430 Transcripts of "Africa, Black writers and poets 1962-1966" 813418592 Transcripts of "Africa, West Indies and United States, Black artists and writers, 1962-1967" 813436589 Transcripts of "Africa, Black social scientists and writers, 1962-1966" 813441400 Transcripts of "Tanzania and Kenya, Swahili program series, 1966-1970" 813444554 Transcripts of "Nigeria, Hausa program series, 1968-1970" 813455796 Transcripts of "Africa, lectures on African music, 1967," Amharic 813835133 Transcripts of "Africa, lectures on African music, 1966,"