Wind Energy Industry Will Come Foreword Through the International Banking and Financial Crisis Relatively Unscathed

OffshThe Windenergie-Agentur Bremerhaven/Bremen Magazine Windore Energy www.windenergie-agentur.de

2009 Issue Offshore #2 | The Magazine

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You don’t have to be particularly bold to claim that the offshore wind energy industry will come Foreword through the international banking and financial crisis relatively unscathed. European projects by Jan Rispens have reached a volume which is expanding under its own momentum and this will not be stopped by a temporary lull. Admittedly, projects that depend on banks for their financing have encountered difficulties. This has changed the face of the industry and led to the overwhelm- ing majority of upcoming wind farms being transferred into the ownership of large energy suppliers over the past year. Yet this is of little significance to wind turbine manufacturers and their suppliers – from gearbox engineering to cabling. It actually gives them a secure basis for long-term planning, and new contracts for a large number of turbines have been concluded. On the whole, underlying conditions have indeed been favourable for offshore wind energy – 2009 is the year of the major climate change conference in Copenhagen. Given the increasingly clear warnings coming from climatologists, Europeans are more determined than ever to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. They know they can’t reach their targets without exploiting offshore wind power. If we look at the political targets for expanding offshore wind power, we see that the political will still far exceeds manufacturers’ planned capacities. Experts confirm that feed-in tariffs in Europe and other currently beneficial conditions can generate returns of between 9 and 14 percent on invested capital. Some 160 offshore wind farms have been built or are being planned around the European continent, and this figure alone shows that investors are moving with the times. This is why planners, manufacturers and operators are in an ongoing process of making new contracts, starting construction, and commissioning wind farms. This holds true for enterprises in Bremen, Bremerhaven, Cuxhaven, Emden, Rostock and other port cities as well. We are pleased and proud that a large share of this development is in the hands of researchers and businesses which are members of the Wind Energy Agency Bremerhaven/Bremen (WAB) network.

Jan Rispens, Managing Director WAB

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In this edition

23 Interview 16 Europe remains strong, China is gaining John Westwood about the consequences Staying on course of the financial crisis in rough seas 28 Interview In the midst of the financial crisis, the offshore “At least a billion euros per year wind industry is working towards providing a for renewable energy” significant share of Europe’s power. Fritz Vahrenholt announced ambitious plans for the offshore business The industry has seen supply contracts being signed, mass production plants being opened and expanded, and ships for building wind farms at sea being 30 Interview launched. The first large-scale turbines in the five-MW “This location has charm” class have begun operating offshore. Jens Assheuer explains the offshore plans We go into the details of this giant leap. of WindMW in Bremerhaven

Published by Concept Photos: Jens Meier The contents of this magazine Windenergie-Agentur Bremer- Jan Rispens, Steffen Schleicher Layout: Mike Müller, have been researched from haven/Bremen e.V. (WAB) (WAB) bigbenreklamebureau gmbh various sources on behalf of the Jan Rispens Marcus Franken (author) Translation: Windenergie Agentur Bremer- Schifferstrasse 10 – 14 Jens Meier (photographer) TL Translationes GmbH haven/Bremen e.V. 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany Viola Haye, Mike Müller Copy editor: Joanne Runkel However, the publisher accepts Tel. +49 (0) 471 - 39177-0 (bigbenreklamebureau gmbh) Printed by: müllerDITZEN no responsibility for the facts and Fax +49 (0) 471 - 39177-19 Text: Marcus Franken Druckerei AG, Bremerhaven figures published. [email protected] Editor: Steffen Schleicher September 2009 www.windenergie-agentur.de

WAB is supported by the German State of Bremen

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Maps, facts and figures Sweden –

32 36 Denmark A Solid RAVE – Financal basis Research at alpha ventus

28 b From page S4 Lake Vänern 118 42 Beatrice 2 Ireland 32 35 26 Service 21 Lynn & Inner Dowsing 15 6 25 24 Sweden 38 38 Map of German offshore– projects Scroby Sands 10 (North and Baltic Sea areas) Great Britain 29 19 22 Firth of Forth 40 Overview of German offshore projectsSweden 33 – north Sea Denmark 30 Yttre Stengrund Germany 42 Map of European offshore projects S3 IRL 43 31 Middelgrunden Dogger Bank dK2 Denmark dK3 Horns Rev 2 dK5 NetherlandsdK1 Samsø Lillgrund Horns Rev 1 Esbjerg S1 41 Sweden 9 a Robin Rigg 44 Overview of European offshore projectsBaltic Sea FINO 3 German Exclusive EEZ – Economic Zone S10 dK6 (North(EEZ) and Baltic Sea areas) FINO 2 Arkona Becken Südost Barrow measurement mast 1 Hornsea Amrumbank dK6 dK4 measurement mast Nysted Irish Sea b Burbo Bank Rhyl Flats 3 Lynn & Ireland 8 7 Inner Dowsing FINO 1 North Hoyle 6 Cuxhaven Norfolk Cuxhaven Bremerhaven Arklow Bank Denmark IRL1 Scroby Sands StadeStade 10 Great Britain German Projects in the North-/Baltic Sea on page 38/39 Ireland Bremerhaven Belgium Nordenham France Egmond aan Zee Emden nL1 nL2 9 Princess Amalia Germany Lüneburg 4 c Windfarm (Q7) 40 a Gunfl eet Sands 47 5 36 Kentish Flats Netherlands Bristol Channel Bremen/Oldenburg 20 Greatmetropolitan Britain region B1 Thornton Bank B2 6 Repower 5-MW- B1 Turbines of 59 17 14 1 Barrow Hastings 44 West Isle of Wright 37 38 Project in operation 39 Belgium Germany Hannover 11 France Project being implemented Braunschweig c Osnabrück 12 Burbo Bank 4 27 Research platform 3 F1 13 Rhyl Flats 8 7 Project areas Ireland 52 North Hoyle 54Kentish Flats 56 59 Wind generates work Ne64w ships16 WindNetherlands turbines New Power GRoundrid 3 Project areas (UK) for offshore installation for the high seas for offshore power Göttingen Great Britain

Germany France Belgium Netherlands

60 62 France64 Belgium 66 A strong footing Movement Excellent Europe’s energy future for high towers on the coast connections for you

Spanien

Spanien Offshore #2 | The Magazine Is there an ideal interface between offshore wind power and the grid?

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Europe is backing wind power. Some 160 offshore farms are currently in operation, under construction or being planned around the coastline of the European continent. They will help EU countries achieve common climate goals, conserve resources, and reduce Europe’s vulnerability to shortages and fluctuations in commodities markets. The Thornton Bank wind farm in Belgium is a milestone in offshore wind energy generation. This was the first commercial project to go into operation using new five-MW class turbines. By 2012, three wind farms with more than 846 MW capacity are set to be built off Belgium’s short 65-kilometre coastline alone.

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Nature conservation and offshore wind. Experts on the environment have been involved in wind farm planning for many years. Migratory birds and porpoises are of particular concern. The only marine mammals native to the North and Baltic Seas can face harm by noise levels, when foundation piles are driven into the seabed. For this reason, construction work is scheduled during periods when few porpoises are in the area, and attempts are made to reduce noise by using new technologies or installing acoustic barriers around construction sites at sea. After construction is finished the porpoises are returning to the wind farm area. And sometimes operators have to make big concessions; in 2005, planning for the Pommersche Bucht and Adlergrund wind farms in the Baltic Sea was stopped to protect marine reserves for various species of ducks on the open sea.

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Manufacturers’ art: The offshore wind farms in the North and Baltic Sea are being built under cooperation of turbine manufacturers, steel companies and shipping companies from all over Central Europe. The multinational industry makes use of conferences such as WAB’s WINDFORCE – DIRECTION OFFSHORE to assess current production results of the manufacturers. The spinner of the 5 Megawatt systems that can be seen on the REpower factory premises are reminiscent of modern art.

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Energy suppliers. There is a colourful array of planners and investors in the offshore wind energy industry. Many engineering firms with experience in onshore wind power have designed and planned offshore wind farms, guiding these projects through the approval process. Some firms build farms themselves, while others team up with strong financial partners to see through a project‘s implementation. But the cost of a project, which can exceed one billion euros, is often too high for small and medium-sized firms, many of which end up selling their plans to major European energy suppliers, including German companies like RWE, E.ON, EnBW from South-Germany or large municipal utilities. They have been joined by independent power companies, investment companies like Blackstone, and the Masdar Initiative of Abu Dhabi. All in all, this makes for a sound mixture of financing.

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Ready to sail. At the German North Sea and Baltic Sea coasts, the heavy industry has brought itself into position for an on- time hand over of the foundations, towers and wind turbines of the coming offshore wind farms to their constructors. That the renewable energy industry is entering a new dimension can be understood at mere sight of the individual components: “Tripiles” for the wind farm Bard Offshore 1 at Cuxhaven Steel Construction. If everything goes according to plan, they will already be supporting the first of 80 wind turbines in 2010 to start feeding their electricity into the German high-voltage grid.

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Offshore Wind Energy 2009 Staying on course in rough seas

In the midst of the financial crisis, the offshore wind industry is working towards providing a significant share of Europe’s power. The industry has seen supply contracts being signed, mass production plants being opened and expanded, and ships for building wind farms at sea being launched. The first large-scale turbines in the five-Megawatt class have begun operating offshore. By Marcus Franken

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The barge is sailing out to bring the next Multibrid windturbine to the windfarm alpha ventus.

At daybreak on 18 September 2008, Alexander Kuhn climbs aboard “Litmus test for the wind industry” a small boat. As it sails out of Zeebrugge harbour, the sun rises over the southern North Sea and Kuhn’s destination appears over the bow – Although Kuhn has already seen the work to completion on five six towers at the Thornton Bank wind farm, looking small in the turbines, he feels responsibility weighing heavily on him now. The distance some 30 kilometres from the Belgian coast. Kuhn is among effort of hundreds of people and dozens of firms comes together in those responsible for constructing these massive REpower wind turbines. this final moment. “Building Thornton Bank is a litmus test,” says For days he has been sailing back and forth between the harbour and Norbert Giese, head of REpower’s offshore division. The entire wind the construction site at sea, keeping a watchful eye on the weather. industry is waiting to see whether the six wind turbines off the A high-pressure system called Eric has settled over Europe; it’s a warm Belgian coast will be completed on schedule. It’s a race against time. September and there are no signs of autumn storms. But the late summer Kuhn reckons it will take at least four to five hours to lift the hub and is windier than meteorologists anticipated. Eric is changeable, the rotor blades and secure them to the nacelle. The meteorological serv- weather is unsettled, and gusty winds keep interrupting the work of ice has indicated that stronger winds will not occur until evening, and Kuhn’s men. Construction on Thornton Bank started two months ear- installers are making good progress for the time being. They are also lier. The day before, a crane finally positioned the last of the 77-metre paying constant attention to wind reports coming from the top of the towers and the nacelle on the 3,000-ton reinforced concrete founda- crane every fifteen minutes. They can keep working as long as wind tion. The plan for today is to install the hub with the rotor blades. It’s speed is less than ten metres per second. But in the afternoon the wind a tricky job – the giant star, with a diameter of 126 metres, has to be picks up and the timeframe for installation steadily shrinks. When the raised past the work platform, passing within five metres of its sup- wind gusts at twelve metres per second, the operation is called off. ports. As the rotor is raised, the sensitive tips of its blades will come Night falls and Kuhn heads back to shore with his mission unfinished. close to the steel struts of the framework supporting the crane. Once The bad weather does not let up until 19 September, when work finally the hub is finally ready to be mounted to the gearbox flange at a height goes ahead. Everything runs according to plan, the rotor blades swinging of 94 metres, the star has to be kept motionless for several minutes. above the calm sea and gradually rising into the air. The rotor comes to a halt in front of the nacelle, and at around four in the afternoon a worker tightens the final bolt in the upper part of the flange. The rotor and gear-

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box are now securely fastened to each other. The work of the crane and by 2020 – an increase of 250 percent compared to 2005. Each country the installers is done. Onboard ship, men congratulate each other, and must submit a roadmap by 2010 and achieve intermediate targets from some exchange hugs. On the trip back to the harbour, Alexander Kuhn 2012 onwards. Even for a small country such as Belgium, this means feels the pressure of responsibility lifting off his shoulders; pleased with increasing the percentage of renewable energy sources from 2.2 to 13 himself and the world, he toasts success back at port with a Belgian beer. percent and achieving six percent as early as 2010. Thornton Bank is The wind farm on the Thornton Bank shelf is a milestone in offshore supposed to contribute one-third towards this goal. Because govern- wind energy. Located off the Belgian coast, this is the first time a com- ments need offshore wind power to achieve their renewable energy tar- mercial offshore project has gone into operation with turbines in the gets, the more populous EU countries are also pressing ahead with the five-megawatt class. This 153-million-euro investment in an initial phase expansion of offshore wind power. Major power companies, investors to install 30 Megawatt (MW) is the first offshore project for C-Power, a from outside the industry and small project companies are obtaining conglomerate of public and private investors. Belgium has not exactly new permits around Europe’s coastline on an ongoing basis. The manu- been famous for its wind industry in the past, but the fact that it is now facturers Areva Multibrid, Bard, Repower, Siemens and Vestas are in- entering the offshore industry shows that confidence is being placed in volved in new projects. Together with their suppliers they are investing offshore wind power as part of the European energy supply mix. Plans in steel processing, cable production, rotor blade manufacturing and include the expansion of Thornton Bank to 300 MW, and the installa- foundation construction activities in ports on the North and Baltic Seas. tion of three wind farms with 846 MW capacity by 2012 along Belgium’s The market for offshore wind turbines with 2.3 to 3.6 MW capacity has short 65-kilometre coastline alone. recently received a major boost in the UK. Britain, which aims to increase its percentage of renewable power from 1.3 percent in 2005 to 15 Belgium is just the beginning percent in 2020, has a long coastline, a huge need for renewable energy, and has put in place a three-stage plan which is being implemented Energy plans in this country of 10 million people represent just a at full speed. In the initial pilot phase, ten wind farms with a total of tiny part of offshore plans in Europe as a whole. Last December, the Eu- 972 MW have now gone online. In autumn 2009, more wind farms with ropean Parliament passed a resolution stating that the EU will increase 2,600 MW were under construction and in the second phase, space for the proportion of renewable sources in the energy supply to 20 percent installing 8,000 MW of wind power was put out to tender. There has

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» The United Kingdom is clearly relying on offshore to achieve its renewable energy goals «

been other good news from the UK. The Crown Estate, responsible for the same day that the last turbine was assembled at the Thornton Bank the seas around Britain, announced a surprise early start to the third wind farm, work began on constructing the transformer station for Ger- phase of offshore expansion and said that each of the next eleven sea many’s alpha ventus wind farm; the laying of cables to land had been areas would be assigned to a general contractor by the end of 2009. largely completed. But construction work on alpha ventus itself, the If everything goes according to plan, a further 7,000 wind turbines with building of foundations for the flagship project, had to be postponed a total installed capacity of 25,000 MW will go into operation in the until 2009 as weather conditions made it unsafe to work on the crane United Kingdom between 2012 and 2020. The estimated market volume ship. There were even problems putting up the FINO 3 met mast, which is 100 billion pounds sterling or more than 10 billion euros per year on was supposed to have been erected by October 2008 some 80 kilome- average. Projects are challenging – as in most German projects, the wa- tres west of the island of Sylt. This was delayed until 2009 due to high ter at these third phase projects is more than 25 metres deep, and wind swells. It is now finished and installers have learned their lessons; many farms will often be situated dozens of miles from shore. businesses are currently developing plans and equipment that will allow installation even in rough seas. UK fires the offshore imagination

The UK has already overtaken pioneer Denmark in installed offshore capacity by implementing the second phase. The UK looks set to occupy this position for a long time to come. At the same time the government announced the launch of the third phase, it also made public that the tariff for offshore electricity would be increased in April 2009 (see table on feed-in tariffs for offshore power, page 35). As a result, and here authors of the most diverse studies and forecasts agree, in the decades ahead the UK will remain the world’s most important offshore market, and together with Germany will account for around 60 percent of the global market. These two countries are followed by the Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, Spain and Belgium. “The British government’s mammoth programme makes one thing very clear: the United Kingdom is clearly relying on offshore to achieve Other planners were thwarted by the financial crisis. Energiekon- its ambitious national and European renewable energy goals,” says Fritz tor’s Nordergründe wind farm, with 18 REpower five-MW turbines, could Vahrenholt, head of RWE Innogy in Essen, Germany. RWE also wants to not be constructed as planned after banks failed to provide the loans “help shape [this market] as the leading wind farm operator in the UK” they had promised. “We now want to build in 2010 instead of 2009,” (see interview page 28). said a spokesperson. Energiekontor will operate only a few of the tur- “The third bidding round in the UK plays a crucial role in the sub- bines itself, and plans to sell off interests in the remaining ones. In- sequent development of offshore wind energy,” agrees Gustl-Bernhard deed, the only offshore turbine erected in Germany in 2008 was the Friedl, who is in charge of Siemens’ offshore business. The German- five-MW nearshore turbine installed by Bard Engineering off Hooksiel Danish manufacturer anticipates slow but steady growth in the offshore to the north of Wilhelmshaven. market, with worldwide installation up from 1,050 MW in 2009 to 4,200 MW annually in 2014 (see illustration of Siemens offshore market ex- 2009: German projects pick up speed pectations). Unlike in the UK, development in Germany was held up in 2008 Projects in Germany were finally underway early in 2009. Work is because of many difficulties encountered regarding projects’ distance progressing in the Baltic Sea. Contracts for all equipment and supplies from the shore and water depths. For these projects to be profitable, have been signed for the 52.5 MW Baltic I project run by EnBW and wpd, they need to rely on the mass production of five-MW wind turbines and which will be installed in 2010. In the North Sea, six Multibrid and six their foundations, and to improve installation logistics. The industry REpower turbines, each boasting five Megawatt, are being erected in saw to these steps in 2009. The weather also did not help matters – a the alpha ventus project. Bard Engineering is beginning the first stage stormy autumn in 2008 scuppered many plans. On 19 September 2008, with the offshore substation Bard 1 in the project Bard Offshore 1 on

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the German-Dutch sea border; this will be expanded to 400 MW by 2010. Rev 2 project in Denmark. In the long term, Siemens aims to gener- In view of the tight situation in financial markets, support from the ate one-third of its wind energy revenues from offshore turbines and European Commission is coming at just the right time for investors. already sees itself as “number one” for offshore. According to Andreas According to proposals, the Bard Offshore 1 and alpha ventus projects Nauen, head of Siemens Windpower, the company is aiming for a market in the North Sea, and the linking to the grid of Baltic (1/2) and Krieg- share of 40 to 50 percent. On this basis, Siemens would have to deliver ers Flak (1/2/3) in the Baltic are each to receive 150 million euros in offshore wind turbines with a total capacity of more than 1,000 MW no investment subsidies. “We sought out the projects according to their later than 2012. maturity,” European Commissioner Andris Piebalgs told Offshore maga- Vestas, itself number one for a long time, also appeared back on zine. He said that the tough technological challenges facing the Bard the scene at the end of 2008. Its V90-3.0 offshore turbine was taken and alpha ventus projects, based on the turbines’ highly rated capaci- off the market for a year following problems with its gearbox and has ties and their location in deep waters, were factors that positively in- now undergone technical revision. At the end of 2008, Vestas was able fluenced the decision to subsidise the projects. By the end of the year to announce that the first turbines of this type would be delivered to 2010, more than 500 MW of offshore capacity should be up and rotating Vattenfall in the UK for the 300 MW Thanet offshore wind farm. Some in German waters. 57 out of 60 such turbines were installed in the Robin Rigg project in At the same time, British waters remain an important market for 2009 and will start generating their first offshore power in late summer. the offshore industry. For the UK in 2009, Siemens is supplying the “We’re back!” says Anders Søe-Jensen, head of the Vestas offshore de- Gunfleet Sands project (DONG Energy) with 48 3.6-MW offshore wind partment, with an eye on the competition. The British offshore market turbines, Rhyl Flats (RWE) with 25 turbines, and from 2009 to 2010 with its nearshore projects in moderate water depths up to 15 metres is also providing 140 turbines for Greater Gabbard (Airtricity/RWE). At is of particular interest to Vestas, he says. However, Søe-Jensen is giv- the same time, 91 2.3-MW turbines have been installed in the Horns ing nothing away concerning Vestas’ objectives in the offshore sector

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How the financial crisis is changing the market Europe remains strong, China is gaining

John Westwood Offshore magazine: How has announce partners for some of its a reasonably strong financial of Douglas-Westwood the financial crisis changed the very large UK portfolio. incentive, and a structured about the consequences market? There is hope that turbine prices permitting system gives confi- of the financial crisis, John Westwood: It will cause will fall due to the financial crisis dence. Germany has become an hope for lower steel the most problems for projects and the lower steel prices we important market, and tendering prices und China – the still several years from comple- have seen. Whilst this is expected activity on a number of large offshore market of the tion, especially those where onshore, offshore there is little projects is now well-advanced, future. owners have not made a final competition within the market- bringing activity which has been investment decision. We expect place and any reductions are long-expected. The new tariff is a some projects to fail where the likely to be more moderate. major driver here. economics are marginal. 2008 saw plenty of activity in Which profit can an investor Whilst the Netherlands holds acquisition of projects, with expect from his offshore wind much potential, it is essential companies such as Vattenfall power investments? that long-term mechanisms moving to expand their portfolio. Investors would typically look for and targets are brought into We expect more movement approximately 12 percent return. place soon. Denmark has good through 2009 as some players Current projects are in the nine to longer-term potential, with high- look for ways out of projects 14 percent range. quality sites which are relatively where the rate of return is below easy to develop. A major future initial expectations, and others Will Britain be the leading mar- player will, however, be Asia. seek partners to share costs and ket for the years to come? Projects off China for example are risk on large developments. This The UK is expected to lead the progressing quickly and domestic extends to major players such as market for at least the next five turbine manufacturers are pre- Centrica who is expected to soon to 10 years. The combination of paring offshore turbines there.

and the potential further development of the three-MW turbine by the maining turbines are earmarked for British and Dutch wind farms. company’s 1,000-strong research team. The order utilises a considerable portion of REpower’s planned produc- REpower in Bremerhaven is more forthcoming: “We want to step up tion capacity. The fact that construction sites are often some distance production to reach 80 to 100 turbines in not more than four years,” says Norbert Giese, head of the offshore business unit, revealing RE- power’s interim target. In the medium term, REpower is planning to construct 120 5M and 6M turbines in 2015 and up to 200 additional units. A team of 40 people is already working to assemble the nacelles in Bremerhaven.

REpower receives major order from RWE

Norbert Giese is anticipating 10 offshore projects globally on average each year over the coming years and in February he secured for his own company one of the biggest deals the wind industry has ever seen. RWE Innogy ordered 250 5M and 6M turbines from RE- power. The order is worth around two billion euros. The turbines will be delivered from 2011 to 2015 and RWE is planning to use the first 150 to 180 turbines in the Innogy Nordsee 1 offshore project in Ger- many (formerly Enova Offshore North Sea Windpower III). The re-

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» alpha ventus produced electricity for the first time on 4 August 2009 «

from the factory is not a problem for REpower’s head of offshore. “For our turbines had been installed without any major difficulties. Areva also assembly facility, it’s important that suppliers are close by. Whether the succeeded in acquiring additional customers for the M5000. Starting transport ships head to the UK or the German North Sea doesn’t matter,” in 2011, the Borkum West II wind farm, which is directly adjacent to Giese says. He adds that British companies would be in the running espe- alpha ventus, will be installed using a total of 40 Multibrid turbines cially for the foundation construction. A similar view prevails at Siemens. for Trianel in the first stage, a strong consortium of municipal utility During the construction phase of the Lynn / Inner Dowsing project, six companies. Even though bank financing has become more difficult for complete wind turbines at a time were loaded onto an installation vessel Trianel too as a result of the financial crisis, Niels Erdmann is confi- in Denmark and transported directly to the project site off the British dent: “Trianel will raise the financing for Borkum West II,” says the coast. “The distance isn’t all that important. We finished Lynn / Inner Prokon Nord wind energy project manager. In the meantime his com- Dowsing ahead of schedule despite the distance,” says Gustl-Bernhard pany has ordered its own installation vessel for the installation work. Friedl from Siemens. He says that this is also why Siemens is not plan- Back in March, Areva signed a binding memorandum of understand- ning to set up its own production facilities in the UK at the present time. ing with the project development company Wetfeet Offshore Winden- ergy (Building company Strabag, Stadtwerke München – the municipal Areva and REpower currently working to capacity utility of the city of Munich, Hesse utility HEAG) to supply 80 M5000 turbines for the Global Tech I project, due to be completed in the North Areva Multibrid is also staying loyal to its location. “In the Sea by 2012. A special feature of the wind farm, situated in waters 40 long term we want to supply up to 100 M5000 turbines each metres deep, is that turbines will have a gravity foundation rather than year from Bremerhaven,” says Managing Director Félix Debierre. stand on tripods fixed in the seabed. So far this has been used only The French energy group Areva acquired a stake in the Bremerhaven for smaller turbines in shallower waters. Ed. Züblin in Cuxhaven will company Multibrid at the end of 2007. Up to that time, project planning supply this 4,500 ton colossus. For comparison, the tower and turbine for this turbine type was carried out by the Multibrid parent company together weigh only 1,500 tons. This means for Areva Multibrid that Prokon Nord. The first six offshore turbines are now up and running. the production plant in Bremerhaven is currently working to capacity. The alpha ventus showcase and pilot project produced electricity for There is more good news coming from a place 120 kilometres further the first time on 4 August 2009. By the end of August, all six M5000 west. Since the end of 2003, Russian investor Arngolt Bekker has been developing a company that offers all features of offshore business from a single source, from planning services, and the construction of its own turbines and foundations, to financing and operations. In Emden the company builds wind turbines under the name Bard 5.0, while in Cux- haven it has set up its own factory for steel foundation structures. Giant tripiles are now waiting at the factory to be installed at the Bard Offshore 1 pilot project around 100 kilometres off Bor- kum. Bard has chalked up an im- pressive list of accomplishments over the last two years. Early in 2008, a shipyard in Lithuania began building an installation vessel for the company, Wind

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Exciting moments: hauling the star of rotor blades.

Lift 1, as well as an accommodation/transformer platform for the Bard Vattenfall respectively. Even Masdar, Abu Dhabi’s global cooperative Offshore 1 wind farm. In August, the first five-MW turbine was installed platform for sustainability, is involved in the London Array project close to the dyke at Wilhelmshaven. In May 2009, Bard announced that which is currently the world’s largest planned offshore wind farm. following the five-MW turbine, a 6.5-MW turbine is now being planned. Large companies like these are not only used to investing money in In June, the transformer platform was set up in the North Sea and the the orders of magnitude required offshore in connection with their fos- Wind Lift 1 installation vessel was launched from the Lithuanian ship- sil fuel power station projects, they are also the ones who, because of yard. “The wind farm will be ready by the end of 2010,” confidently high profits in the energy market and the securities that are available, asserts Anton Baraev, head of Bard Engineering. Bard is planning have the least worries regarding the financial crisis; following the credit wind farms in Europe with a total capacity of up to 3,000 megawatts. crunch the banks have tightened their requirements for the equity ratio The company employs nearly 1,000 people in northwestern Germany. from the expected 30 percent to as much as 50 percent at the present Despite this diversity, the offshore manufacturing scene is still rela- time, while interest rates have also gone up. tively uncluttered. Around 160 wind farms are currently at various stages of planning in Europe, and there is “Like winning the lottery” much greater variety among investors than among manufacturers. Other energy companies in addition to The wide variety of offshore countries, manufacturers Airtricity, Bard, Blackstone, Enertrag and wpd, energy and investors means that a flood of demand is predicted for utilities are now also planning projects worth hundreds which suppliers are now preparing themselves. The fact that of millions of euros; RWE, E.ON and EnBW from Germany, the European governments’ targets far exceed manufac- Vattenfall from Sweden, Dong from Denmark and EDF turers’ capacities also gives manufacturers some certainty. from France are particularly active. Essent and Nuon in Take the example of Cuxhaven. Back in 2007, Cuxhaven the Netherlands have now been taken over by RWE and Steel Construction (CSC) from the Bard group was set up

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here. Then in 2008 the steel tower manufacturer AMBAU arrived to be- wind power stations. This is set to create 500 new jobs in the short gin production of large-diameter tubular segments and other parts with term. The State of Lower Saxony is also completing an offshore wharf large diameters and high component weights for towers and founda- in Cuxhaven at a cost of 50 million euros. “For Cuxhaven the invest- tions – all for the offshore industry. In January 2009, Ed. Züblin an- ments in offshore wind energy are like winning the lottery,” says Mayor nounced that as a construction company it was investing a triple-digit Arno Stabbert, who is delighted with recent developments and already million sum in Cuxhaven to produce concrete foundations for offshore sees the city of 50,000 at the northernmost tip of Lower Saxony as being a “European centre” for the construction of offshore foundations. Cuxhaven isn’t the only city with a feel-good factor. Emden has been home to Bard Engineering’s production facilities since 2005. Bremer- haven has now started advertising itself as the “home port of the wind industry”. In this city on the Weser estuary, a close-knit network employing a total of more than 1000 people has formed around the manufacturers Areva Multibrid and Repower. The City also comprises researchers such as the Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and En- ergy System Technology (IWES), planners, and suppliers with the foun-

Made it: The wind turbine is ready for operation. Concluding handshake.

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NSW_AZ_Windenergy_E_210x148_RZ.indd 1 19.08.2009 16:02:17 Uhr Offshore #2 | The Magazine

dation manufacturer WeserWind Offshore Construction Georgsmarien- hütte. Power Blades, a joint venture between REpower and SGL ROTEC, has been producing rotor blades since August 2008 for the REpower MM92 and the new RE 3.x onshore turbines in factory buildings that are up to 456 m long. More than 200 people are employed here, and the plant, with its direct access to the port, has the capacity to produce 300 offshore rotor blades per year. “We will produce the first prototypes for the 6M offshore turbines at the end of 2009,” says Managing Di- rector Lars Weigel. “Because we are able to produce both onshore and offshore blades in our facilities, we don’t have any capacity utilisation problems if the offshore projects get delayed. We can shut down the onshore capacities if we need them to produce the offshore rotor blades.” When it needed the rotor blades for Thornton Bank, REpower was still buying them from LM Glasfiber in Denmark. Its own offshore capacity is to be expanded to 100 blade sets by 2011. At the centre of this wind energy industry in Bremerhaven, but also with many mem- consulting firm Douglas-Westwood in Canterbury, UK, notes that the bers in the whole of Northwest-Germany, stands the industry net- investor side is now “almost completely dominated by the power com- work organization Wind Energy Agency Bremerhaven/Bremen (WAB). panies.” Westwood anticipates that 564 MW of offshore capacity will be In short, the industry is ready to supply the wide variety of planned installed in Europe this year. He estimates that this figure will almost projects with the required technology. John Westwood, director of the double to 932 MW in 2010. The trend is on the up.

Offshore starts in Bremerhaven! 3 2 1

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1 2 prototypes of the Multibrid M 5000, including one 9 University of Applied Sciences Bremerhaven and on a tripod foundation of the WeserWind GmbH the research and coordination centre wind energy 2 Wind Tunnel of the Deutsche WindGuard Engineering GmbH 10 PowerWind GmbH, production facility 3 REpower 5M on a jacket foundation of the WeserWind GmbH 11 PowerWind GmbH, prototypes 4 Multibrid GmbH, production facility 12 Wind Energy Agency Bremerhaven/Bremen (WAB) 5 WeserWind GmbH, production facility (under construction) 13 2 additionel prototypes Multibrid M5000 6 REpower Systems AG, production facility for nacelle assembly 5M 7 PowerBlades GmbH, rotor blade production Excellent conditions: 8 Fraunhofer Center for Wind Energy and Marine Technology 1 Developed industrial site for suppliers (32 ha) 27 with the national rotor blade competence centre 2 Heavy duty terminal (bearing capacity 50 to/m2) Offshore #2 | The Magazine

“At least a billion euros per year for renewable energy”

Shortly after leaving REpower to become CEO at RWE Innogy, Fritz Vahrenholt announced ambitious plans for the offshore business. Never mind the future of the group’s nuclear power stations – the future belongs to renewable energy. RWE aims to operate 4,500 MW. Vahrenholt is now even considering acquiring his own installation vessels for offshore.

Offshore magazine: The UK Nordsee 1. When are the first this, we wouldn’t be investing. ence is the distance of the wind has announced a new round of installation vessels going to RWE is a stock exchange listed farms to the shore. Compared to tenders for the expansion of be sourced and the first supply company that is careful in the use the UK, in Germany we have to offshore wind power. Is RWE agreements signed – aside from of its investment funds. build farms a relatively long way bidding for more wind farms? the framework agreement with from the coast in deep waters. Vahrenholt: Of course. For the REpower? Will RWE still build the wind Just one example: our British third round we have formed a The framework agreement with farm if the operational terms wind farm North Hoyle is situated strong bidding consortium with REpower concerns the delivery of of the nuclear power plants are eight kilometres from the coast; Airtricity/SSE, Statkraft and Sta- up to 250 offshore wind turbines extended? Rhyl Flats is currently being built toilHydro. With our know-how, in the five and six-megawatt Of course we will. The future right next to it. By contrast, In- expertise and financial strength, class. Incidentally, with a belongs to renewable energy nogy Nordsee 1 is being built 40 we’ve got a good starting potential volume of around two and RWE is pursuing a very clear kilometres north of Juist island. position in the upcoming award billion euros this is the largest growth strategy. We are aiming to This creates even greater chal- procedure. If we are successful contract that has been concluded have 4,500 MW under construc- lenges for planning, implementa- and obtain approval to develop to date for offshore wind energy tion and in operation by 2012. If tion and technology. zones in the third round, we want use. With this agreement we have turbines run at average capacity, to work together on building the secured the 150 to 180 turbines this works out at around 15,000 Is RWE still looking for more wind farms. that are required for Innogy Nor- GWh of power generation per projects in Germany? At the moment we already have dsee 1. The possible increment year. However, we need nuclear Our target of 4,500 MW under a strong presence off the British to 250 turbines will help us to power to give renewable energy construction or in operation by coast and we operate the UK’s implement further projects in our sources sufficient opportunity to 2012 relates to Europe. Germany first offshore wind farm, North offshore pipeline – for example develop. Our neighbours in Den- is an important market here, I’m Hoyle. We want to connect in the UK or the Netherlands. Of mark or Italy, for example, have not ruling anything out. Rhyl Flats to the grid this year, course we are also in talks with clearly understood this. If the which is 90 MW. The offshore other companies concerning sup- nuclear power stations in Ger- Is the financial crisis making it work for the Greater Gabbard ply contracts. many were shut down tomorrow, more difficult for RWE as well to wind farm, which will generate For the construction vessels we then to a considerable extent obtain offshore financing? around 510 MW and in which we also wanted to be on the safe side they would have to be replaced By 2012 we will invest at least have a 50 percent stake, is also and are therefore looking at vari- with conventional technology. one billion euros every year in starting in 2009. We have nearly ous options. One is to procure our That would mean an additional renewable energy. We are stick- all the necessary permits for the own ships that are designed to 150 million tons of CO2, which is ing to this – there are no ifs and 750 MW Gwynt y Mor wind farm. meet our exact needs and, above roughly as much as all the road buts. We are able to do this as a Together with SeaEnergy we’ve all, that we would be able to use traffic in Germany emits in a year. result of the solid cash flow from also got the green light from the flexibly. RWE. Crown Estate for plans to build an What do you consider to be offshore wind farm with around Are you sure that you can the most important difference 900 MW. On top of this, there are achieve your target returns with between the German and UK plans to install another 2000 MW the current payment rates for markets? in the UK. offshore power? A figure of 15 The structure of the funding sys- percent is often quoted here. tem is completely different and RWE is getting involved in Our targeted returns are ambi- the way the wind farms are con- German offshore development tious, but they are still below 10 nected to the grid is regulated with an ENOVA project, Innogy percent. If we couldn’t achieve differently. Another major differ-

28 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

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0011_offshoremagazin_anz_engl.indd 2 17.04.2009 18:47:25 Uhr Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Meerwind – a financial investor with the wind in his sails “This location has charm”

Just in from northwestern Germany, Jens Assheuer arrives at Berlin’s central railway station in a relaxed mood. A meeting has been cancelled in Berlin, which means we can look for somewhere quiet in the nearby Mitte district to have the interview. Over cups of tea and mini satay skewers, the managing director of WindMW in Bremerhaven explains the offshore plans of his majority shareholder Blackstone from New York.

Offshore magazine: What mo- too small for an investor like cians until our maintenance and What is the range of annual full tivates a financial investor like Blackstone. So the question service plan is finalised. load hours that can be attained Blackstone to invest in offshore never arose. and what is your estimate for wind power? You compared a large number of Meerwind? What are the plus points of projects before the purchase in The equivalent full load hours are Jens Assheuer: In the first Meerwind? July 2008. How do they differ in the region of 3,800. instance the private equity in- Water depths of 22 to 26 metres from each other? dustry is interested in the size of are very moderate in comparison Because the feed-in tariff under Since Blackstone’s involvement the investment. We have a project with 40 or 45 metres in other the German Renewable Energy was announced in summer volume of more than one billion projects – this is reflected in Sources Act (EEG) varies accord- 2008, nothing more has been euros here, with an equity capital the design and the costs of the ing to the distance from the heard about the project. What requirement of several hundred foundation structures. We are shore and water depth, there is stage is the technical planning million euros. These are the usual only 12 nautical miles away from no longer any easy distinction currently at? orders of magnitude for private Heligoland, which means we can between good and bad projects. There have already been talks equity firms like Blackstone. carry out servicing and repairs The EEG does a good job of and negotiations with the main from the island. Our reaction evening that out. The status of suppliers, and the plans for What made you choose, of all times are less than an hour. We project development was more maintenance and operation have things, one of the most ambi- would have to allow five to six important to us. If you buy a progressed well. We have also tious projects? 400 MW, 80 km hours by boat from the mainland. project today, the earliest you begun preparing everything to from the shore – couldn’t you This location has charm. can build in 2012. The investors satisfy E.ON’s grid connection have found an easier project? have to come up with significant conditions and hence secure a Apart from the Nordergründe How many installers and supplier contracts and financial promise of a grid connection. wind farm by Energiekontor, technicians will you station on resources before transpower, there are hardly any small and Heligoland? formerly E.ON Netz, will lay the Which wind turbines will be nearshore projects in Germany. We want to operate the wind farm grid connection in the North Sea. used? Originally 3.6-MW tur- Nor are these smaller projects ourselves from the outset and This work has a lead time of up bines were planned. looking for equity. Apart from also carry out maintenance and to 36 months. The timeline is the We are investigating both a 288 that, the equity capital require- repair work ourselves. We won’t most critical point. MW and a 400 MW option. ments for such projects are know the exact number of techni- Do you see any big differences between manufacturers? Meerwind Ost/SÜD offshore wind farms The turbine manufacturers have not yet come as far as they should The Meerwind Ost/Süd offshore wind farms (Meerwind) are situated 12 nautical miles (23 kilometres) have done. They have not ramped to the north of Heligoland and 50 miles (80 kilometres) from the North German coast. WindMW, based up capacities sufficiently yet and in Bremerhaven, is responsible for the planning. Blackstone has an 80 percent stake in the company their sub-suppliers also have not and Windland Energiezeugung owns 20 percent. The project was granted approval by the German made sufficient investments. Be- Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) in Hamburg on 16 May 2007. The Nordsee Ost (Es- sides that, the turbines’ test run sent/RWE Innogy and Amrumbank West (E.ON) wind farms are situated directly next in the north to times are too short. One to three Meerwind. Their shared power transmission line will be routed via the Brunsbüttel connection point. years of operational experience The Meerwind project is formally divided into two wind farms. In each case 40 turbines with 3.6 or is not much for a technology that 5 MW are to be constructed in Meerwind Ost and Meerwind Süd. The project is being funded via a is supposed to withstand more project financing model. WindMW engaged KfW-IPEX and Dexia to prepare the project financing. than 20 years of extreme weather conditions.

30 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Aren’t the risks too high to be good idea to invest your equity risks sensibly in the project and reliable feed-in tariff of 15 euro starting out with an immature somewhere else? involve the banks and insurance cents per kWh. In the UK you get technology? You have to assume that risk if companies in the contractual market rates in some cases for Then we wouldn’t have bought you want to build a wind farm. negotiations from the outset so the electricity supplied. Before the wind farm [laughs]. We are The turbine manufacturers must that all contracts are bankable the financial crisis you got paid convinced, and we will also verify be held to account in that case. from the beginning. Then you will more in the UK for the power this with our engineers, that the get money straight away as soon fed into the grid. Because of the reliability of turbine technology Planning for other offshore as lending starts again. weak pound, the UK market is will keep improving over the projects has been put on ice less attractive at the moment years ahead. So don’t worry. because of the financial crisis. When will that happen? because the costs are in euros but We are taking out insurance Blackstone has lost one-third of It’s impossible to say. the revenue is in pounds. In Ger- for the event that three or four its stock market value. How is many the EEG means that you can gearboxes break down. What you the crash in the finance indus- You won’t lose your money? make very precise calculations. can’t do is insure all 80 turbines try affecting you? Blackstone supplies the equity against serial losses. In the It’s definitely difficult in the capital as a shareholder in the Are you looking for further event of a serial loss, the wind current climate to get project company. That is assured and projects? turbine manufacturers must find financing from the banks. But the the money is available through a No comment. a solution together with their market will stabilise again and closed-ended fund. customers. the project financing business When will Meerwind start gen- will also pick up again. The only What differences do you see erating electricity? There have already been serial thing you can do at the moment between investment conditions If we can get over all the obsta- losses in a number of offshore is take a clear-cut and profes- in Germany and the UK? cles, the first 40 turbines will go wind farms. Wouldn’t it be a sional approach, distribute the The German market offers a online in 2012.

31 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

A Solid financial basis The offshore industry in Germany can rely on a high feed-in tariff and a stable political framework.

The amended Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG), which came Alongside the calculable, fixed feed-in tariff, a second line of support into force in Germany on 1 January 2009, increased the feed-in tar- in Germany is provided by an act to accelerate infrastructure planning. iff for offshore wind power. The act ensures that all turbines put into This Infrastructure Planning Acceleration Act enshrines in law that the service before 1 January 2016 receive 15 euro cents per kWh of windpower grid operators transpower stromübertragungs gmbh (former E.ON generated electricity. This rate is valid for a period of 12 years for all Netz) for the North Sea and Vattenfall Europe Baltic Offshore Grid GmbH turbines. To promote the construction of wind farms that need to be (VE BOG) for the Baltic are to construct the power grid for the offshore built even further offshore and in even deeper waters, the basic feed- wind farms at the request of the wind farm operators – so-called power in tariff is supplemented by an extension of the period of payment. points at sea. As a result, operators should save between one-fifth to Turbines located more than 12 nautical miles from the coast in waters one-third of total investment costs. at least 20 metres deep benefit from an extension of half a month’s payment for every full nautical mile additional distance from shore, and an extension of 1.7 months for every additional metre of water Basic remuneration 12 * 12 = 144 months depth. For example, a wind turbine sited 30 nautical miles from the Distance supplement (30 sm -12 sm) * 0.5 = 9 months nearest shore in water 40 metres deep receives a feed-in tariff of 15 Depth supplement (40 m -20 m) * 1.7 = 34 months euro cents per kWh for 18.7 years. Hence the payment period for 187 / 15.6 months / years most German offshore wind farms is in the region of 20 years, which puts them on an equal footing with the onshore wind industry. Period in which feed-in tariff is paid for an offshore wind turbine The tariff per kWh falls by five percent per year starting from 2015. 30 nautical miles from the coast in waters 40 metres deep

32 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

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wpd : Hall 4, Stand E 18

EEG rules after 1 January 2009

§ 31 Offshore wind energy (1) For electricity from offshore turbines the feed-in tariff is 3.5 euro cents per kilowatt hour (basic rate). (2) In the first twelve years from the time the turbine is first put into operation the feed-in tariff shall be 13.0 euro cents per kilowatt hour (initial rate). For turbines that are first put into operation before 1 January 2016, the initial payment as per sen- tence 1 increases by 2.0 euro cents per kilowatt hour. The period in which the initial rate is paid as per sentences 1 and 2 shall be extended for electricity from turbines which are erected at a distance of at least twelve nautical miles and in a water depth of at least 20 metres for each full nautical mile in excess of twelve nautical miles by 0.5 months and for each additional full metre of water depth by 1.7 months. (Paragraph (3) excludes offshore wind turbines in nature and

landscape conservation areas from the feed-in tariff.) D-28211 Bremen, 23a, Kurfürstenallee KG, wpd think energy GmbH & Co.

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34 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

European Offshore Wind Tariffs: A Comparison

Current Feed-in Tariff Duration Sub Grid Tax in- Further development sidies connection centive

Germany 3.5 cents/kWh basic remuneration Life span

13 cents/kWh initial remuneration for turbines Depending on loca- None Grid operators No Regional amendment linked to the grid before 1 January 2016 tion, at least 12 years as of 2012 Feed-in tariff agreement is prolonged if turbine is more than 12 nautical miles from land and stand- ing in waters deeper than 20 metres. If turbine is more than12 nautical miles from land, prolongation is 0.5 months per extra nautical mile. If turbine stands in waters more than 20 metres deep, prolongation is 1.7 months per additional metre of water depth.

Denmark 6.69 cents/kWh Nystedt II 50,000 full-load hours No Grid operators No (about 14 years), then the market price 6.69 cents/kWh Horns Rev II

France 13.0 cents/kWh (10 years), additional remunera- Fixed tariffs for 10 No Wind farm Yes 17 - 18 cents/kWh tion (10 years) depend on annual full load hours years, then variable operators without additional 0 - 2,800 hours = 13 cents/kWh; tariffs for 10 years. remuneration, 16 cents/ 2,800 - 3,200 linear interpolation; kWh with remuneration 3,200 = 9 cents/kWh; (Grid connection) 3,200 - 3,900 linear interpolation, 3,900 - ∞ 3 cents/kWh United Kingdom Price for current certificates is 50 GPB/MWh*1.5 Certificates for 25 Yes Grid operators Yes Grid connection through ROC = 75 pounds/MWh = about 8.82 cents/kWh years grid operators - wind certificate + 6.41 cents/kWh market price includ- farm operators pay fee; ing tax incentives = 15.23 cents/kWh projects that order wind turbines within the next two years (2009/2010) receive 2.0 ROCS for every MWh, and projects that place orders in 2010/2011 will receive an additional 1.75 ROCs; a new remuneration system is being prepared.

Netherlands Annual adjustment in the SDE regulation; SDE means Stimulering Duurzame Energieproduktie. Operators receive a supplement per kW/h on top of the market price, but this figure hasn’t been determined yet. The government published in the summer of 2009 a draft ruling on the granting of project licenses for the North Sea, and the SDE tender will be discussed starting in November 2009, with a decision expected in April 2010. In the Netherlands the financial support for all renewable energy sources is specified in the provisions of the SDE regulation. Under this SDE financial support scheme producers receive, on top of their market price revenues, a premium per kWh produced.

The Dutch government will provide support for a total of 950 MW offshore wind power in the period 2007 - 2011. This will bring the overall offshore wind capacity in the Netherlands to a level of 1178 MW. Contrary to the approach followed for other renewable energy sources, the exact level of the SDE financial support for offshore wind energy has not yet been determined, but will result from a tender approach which is open to license holders only. The government published draft-decisions on applications for licenses to build offshore wind farms in the Dutch part of the North Sea in the summer of 2009. It is foreseen that the SDE tender will be opened as of 1 November 2009 with decisions expected around 1 April 2010.

Sweden Market price + green certificates (until 2030) + Certificates for 15 Yes The govern- No environment bonus (2009). The average annual years and an environment has set market price in 2007 until July was 229.23 SEK/ ment bonus until 2009 up a working MWh (2.49 cents/kWh). Operators also receive group to a certificate for every MWh. Energy suppli- evaluate free ers are obliged to produce a certain number of access to the certificates every year. The number of certificates grid. is determined by the volume sold the year before and the quota specified by the government each year for the share of renewable energies desired in the overall energy mix.The time limit set for certificate trading was extended from 2010 to 2030. With that, the remuneration in 2007 was about 6 - 7.5 cents/KWh; an additional budget for investment subsidies for new offshore wind farms amounting to some 350 million Swedish krona (37.5 million euros) was accorded for 2008 - 2012. All prices in Euro/Cents

35 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

RAVE – RESEARCH AT ALPHA VENTUS

A research initiative by the German Ministry for the Environment (BMU)

36 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

The German Ministry for the Environment is providing 50 million euros able detailed data to be supplied to all the projects involved. The most over the coming years to fund research into offshore wind energy at important task of the coordination project is to give a strong structure the alpha ventus test site. to the shared programme for the associated projects. In order to be able to exploit synergies and raise the quality of results, a coordinated The Institute for Solar Energy Supply Technology (ISET) in Kassel plan was developed for collaboration between the various projects in is heading the coordination project in which individual associated the test field. research projects can be networked and represented. The alpha ventus Within the research programme as a whole, various institutes and test field is equipped with a wide range of measurement systems to en- companies have so far undertaken projects on the following themes:

RAVE Research Projects

Name of Project Company/Institution Measurements and data management Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency of Germany BSH Development, construction and operation of alpha ventus Development and optimisation of offshore turbine components with regard to costs, REpower Systems longevity and servicibility Development of LIDAR wind measurements for the offshore test field Stuttgart University Yield-optimised and cost-efficient rotor blade REpower Systems GIGAWIND alpha ventus - integrated dimensioning plan for OWEA support structures Leibniz University, Hanover based on measurements taken at alpha ventus offshore test field Foundation construction under cyclical load Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing BAM Innovative enhancement in development, construction and testing of the Multibrid M5000 AREVA Multibrid offshore wind turbine under difficult conditions at the alpha ventus offshore test field Measurement of turbine operating noise to determine noise input generated by noise Flensburg Technical College transmission between tower and water at turbines in the offshore test field Monitoring of offshore wind energy utilisation in Germany - offshore WMEP Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology IWES Grid integration of offshore wind farms Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology IWES Ecological research - evaluation of BSH standard testing plan BSH RAVE coordination project Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology IWES, German Wind Energy Institute DEWI Verification of offshore wind turbines and design specifications Stuttgart University www.rave-offshore.de

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Kopenhagen Lettland Lettland EEZ Kalmar Halmstad Sjælland

Schweden Malmö Offshore #2 | The Magazine Öland Odense Schweden Fanø Mörbylãnga

S er German offshore projects Slagelse Fyn v ice 55 Litauen Rømø Bornholm 11 Heming Hässleholm 22 Århus Als Langeland Møn Karlskrona 56 15 Sylt 47 Denmark AErø Helsingborg Kaliningrad Litauen Lolland Kristianstad Königsberg/PR. 64 Dänemark Falster Föhr 66 FINO 3 Samsø 67 63 20 Flensburg 65 68 Kaliningrad Vilnius 37 18 10 Amrum Baltic Sea Maribo Hiddensee 9 Kopenhagen Gröde 3 Baltic 1 FINO 2 EEZ 41 42 21 Windturbines Siemens 5 11 37 58 north Sea 43 SWT 2.3-93, 48.3 MW 37 Pellworm Zingst Rügen Kaliningrad 62 Sjælland 6 37 7Fehmarn12 8 S�upsk 21 Königsberg/PR. EEZ 13 Darß 61 14 Malmö 36 34 Süderoog- Arkona Becken Südost 2 Gdansk/Danzig 53 60 44 Sand measurement mast Licenced applications Kiel 33 54 overlap in these areas Amrumbank Odense Fischland measurement mast 4 3 German EEZ 17 nordergründe 27 40 57 Fanø 18 Repower 5-MW- Oldenburg 50 19 32 Turbines 5 Heligoland 14 16 16 9 Slagelse 39 Elbl�g 51 59 24 Fyn 28 29 25 26 Koszalin 23 5 BARd Offshore 1 Trischen 10 80 x BARD VM Offshore substation, Offshore substation 4 1 Rostock-Breitling (2010/2011) connecting to the FINO 1 Rømø Heligoland Tripile foundations Bornholm Usedom shore; BorWin alpha 46 Poel transpower Stromü- 52 49 Rostock 8 12-mile limit bertragungs GmbH 7 35 12 32 1 48 Scharhörn 13 Als Netherlands EEZ 31 6 Neuwerk Langeland Møn 17 Offshore substation Sylt Wangerooge Lübeck BARD 1 with Spiekeroog Cuxhaven AErø Polen Polen Kaliningrad accommodations Langeoog Cuxhaven Wismar Baltrum 1 alpha ventus test fi eld Norderney Lolland 30 3 6 x Repower 5M (2009) Juist Mellrum Königsberg/PR. Project in operation 2009/2010 Jacket foundations Falster Föhr Borkum Bremerhaven EEZ = Exclusive Economic Zone 46 Offshore Flensburg Germany substation Kaliningrad Vilnius FINO 1 alpha ventus Research platform 1 2Amrum Maribo Schiermonnikoog Dollard/Emden Hamburg Emden Bremen Bremerhaven Project areas Hiddensee Gröde 6 x Multibrid M5000 Tripod foundations (2009) E.ON Netz Offshore Ameland Emden Grid Cluster Weissrussland Terschelling Pellworm Zingst Rügen Fehmarn Project in operation S�upsk Wind Farms undergoing 32 Borkum Riffgrund West II Research platform North Sea Darß Szczecin 9 Butendiek Groningen licensing procedures 33 Citrin Süderoog- Project in development Gdansk/Danzig Vlieland Operational 10 Dan Tysk 21 Aiolos Sand 34 Diamant Kiel 1 alpha ventus 11 Global Tech I 22 Albatros 35 Innogy Nordsee 1 Fischland Weissrussland 2 Dollard Emden 12 Gode Wind NetherlandsI 23 Aquamarin 36 Euklas Bydgoszcz Oldenburg 3 Hooksiel 13 Gode Wind II 24 AreaC I 37 Gaia I - IV Bremen 14 He Dreiht 25 AreaCHeligoland II 38 Gode Wind II Licensed Wind Farms 15 Hochsee Windpark Nordsee 26 AreaC III 39 He Dreiht II Elbl�g Texel 4 Amrumbank West 16 Meerwind 27 Bernstein 40 Hochsee Testfeld Helgoland Koszalin 5 BARD Offshore 1 17 Nordergründe 28 Bight Power I 41 TrischenHorizont I Toruñ 6 Borkum Riffgrund I 18 Nördlicher Grund 29 Bight Power II 42 Horizont II Usedom 7 Borkum Riffgrund West 19 Nordsee Ost 30 Borkum Riffgat 43 Horizont III Poel Gorzów 8 Borkum West II 20 Sandbank12-mile 24 limit 31 Borkum Riffgrund II 44 Kaikas NiederlandeScharhörn Neuwerk Wielkopolski 38 Spiekeroog Wangerooge Lübeck Langeoog Cuxhaven Wismar Polen Baltrum Norderney Juist Mellrum

Borkum Berlin Poznañ Potsdam Almere Schiermonnikoog Hamburg Bremerhaven Wrze�nia Osnabrück Hannover Amsterdam Ameland Emden Terschelling Warsaw/Warschau Braunschweig Enschede Szczecin Ukraine Groningen Vlieland Bielefeld Magdeburg Weissrussland Bydgoszcz Luxemburg Bremen RotterdamBelgien Münster Texel Frankreich Toruñ Hamm Gorzów Breda Niederlande Wielkopolski Bochum Eindhoven Dortmund Essen Kassel Halle Radom Leipzig Berlin Poznañ Lublin Brügge Potsdam Almere Wrze�nia Ukraine Antwerpen Düsseldorf Osnabrück Wuppertal Gent Hannover Dresden Amsterdam Warsaw/Warschau Calais Braunschweig Brüssel Enschede Köln Erfurt Bielefeld Magdeburg Luxemburg Kielce Boulogne- Chemnitz sur-Mer Rotterdam Belgien Aachen Münster Bonn Lille Frankreich Gießen

Liège Hamm

Breda

Bochum Eindhoven Dortmund Essen Kassel Halle Radom Leipzig

Brügge Lublin Ukraine Antwerpen Düsseldorf Wuppertal Gent Dresden

Calais Brüssel Köln Erfurt

Luxemburg Kielce Boulogne- Chemnitz sur-Mer Belgien Aachen Bonn Lille Frankreich Gießen Liège Jönköping

Göteborg Hirtshals Borås

Frederikshavn Gotlands Län Kungsbacka

Oskarshamm

Varberg Riga Ålborg Växjö

Jönköping Lettland

Kalmar Halmstad Göteborg Hirtshals Borås Schweden Öland Frederikshavn Mörbylãnga Gotlands Län Kungsbacka

Oskarshamm Heming Hässleholm Århus

Karlskrona

Helsingborg Varberg LitauenRiga Kristianstad Ålborg Dänemark Växjö Samsø

Kopenhagen Lettland Lettland EEZ Kalmar Halmstad Sjælland

Schweden Malmö Offshore #2 | The Magazine Öland Odense Schweden Fanø Mörbylãnga Slagelse Fyn

55 Litauen Rømø Bornholm 11 Heming Hässleholm 22 Århus Als Langeland Møn Karlskrona 56 15 Sylt 47 Denmark AErø Helsingborg Kaliningrad Litauen Lolland Kristianstad Königsberg/PR. 64 Dänemark Falster Föhr 66 FINO 3 Samsø 67 63 20 Flensburg 65 68 Kaliningrad Vilnius 37 18 10 Amrum Baltic Sea Maribo Hiddensee 9 Kopenhagen Gröde 3 Baltic 1 FINO 2 EEZ 41 42 21 Windturbines Siemens 5 11 37 58 north Sea 43 SWT 2.3-93, 48.3 MW 37 Pellworm Zingst Rügen Kaliningrad 62 Sjælland 6 37 7Fehmarn12 8 S�upsk 21 Königsberg/PR. EEZ Darß 61 13 14 36 34 Süderoog- Arkona Becken Südost 2 Malmö 60 44 Gdansk/Danzig 53 Sand measurement mast Licenced applications Kiel 33 54 overlap in these areas Amrumbank Odense Fischland measurement mast 4 3 German EEZ 17 nordergründe 27 40 57 Fanø 18 Repower 5-MW- Oldenburg 50 19 32 Turbines 5 Heligoland 14 16 16 9 Slagelse 39 Elbl�g 51 59 24 Fyn 28 29 25 26 Koszalin 23 5 BARd Offshore 1 Trischen 10 80 x BARD VM Offshore substation, Offshore substation 4 1 Rostock-Breitling (2010/2011) connecting to the FINO 1 Rømø Heligoland Tripile foundations Bornholm Usedom shore; BorWin alpha 46 Poel transpower Stromü- 52 49 Rostock 8 12-mile limit bertragungs GmbH 7 35 12 32 1 48 Scharhörn 13 Als Netherlands EEZ 31 6 Neuwerk Langeland Møn 17 Offshore substation Sylt Wangerooge Lübeck BARD 1 with Spiekeroog Cuxhaven AErø Polen Polen Kaliningrad accommodations Langeoog Cuxhaven Wismar Baltrum 1 alpha ventus test fi eld Norderney Lolland 30 3 6 x Repower 5M (2009) Juist Mellrum Königsberg/PR. Project in operation 2009/2010 Jacket foundations Falster Föhr Borkum Bremerhaven EEZ = Exclusive Economic Zone 46 Offshore Flensburg Germany substation Kaliningrad Vilnius FINO 1 alpha ventus Research platform 1 2Amrum Maribo Schiermonnikoog Dollard/Emden Hamburg Emden Bremen Bremerhaven Project areas Hiddensee Gröde 6 x Multibrid M5000 Tripod foundations (2009) E.ON Netz Offshore Ameland Emden Grid Cluster Weissrussland Terschelling Pellworm Zingst Rügen Fehmarn Project in operation S�upsk 45 Kaskasi 56 Sea Wind II Wind Farms undergoing Research platform Baltic Sea Darß Szczecin Groningen 46 MEG I 57 Skua licensing procedures Süderoog- Project in development Gdansk/Danzig Vlieland Sand 47 Notos Kiel 58 Uthland Operational 7 Arcadis Ost 1 48 Offshore North Sea 59 Veja Mate 1 Breitling / Rostock Fischland 8 Arcadis Ost 2 Weissrussland Netherlands Windpower Delta Nordsee I 60 Sea Wind III Licensed Wind Farms 9 Beltsee Bydgoszcz Oldenburg Bremen49 Offshore North Sea 61 Sea Wind IV 2 Arkona Becken Südost 10 Sky 2000 Heligoland Windpower Delta Nordsee II 62 Weiße Bank 3 Baltic 1 11 Baltic Power 50 Austerngrund 63 Witte Bank 4 Geofree 12 Baltic Eagle Elbl�g Texel 51 Deutsche Bucht 64 NSWP 4 5 Kriegers Flak 13 ArkonaSee West Koszalin Trischen 52 OWP West 65 NSWP 5 6 Ventotec Ost 2 14 ArkonaSee Süd Toruñ 53 Sea storm 66 NSWP 6 Usedom 54 Sea storm II 67 NSWP 7 Poel Gorzów 12-mile limit 55 Sea Wind I 68 Nordpassage NiederlandeScharhörn Neuwerk Wielkopolski 39 Spiekeroog Wangerooge Lübeck Langeoog Cuxhaven Wismar Polen Baltrum Norderney Juist Mellrum

Liège Hamm

Breda

Bochum Eindhoven Dortmund Essen Kassel Halle Radom Leipzig

Brügge Lublin Ukraine Antwerpen Düsseldorf Wuppertal Gent Dresden

Calais Brüssel Köln Erfurt

Luxemburg Kielce Boulogne- Chemnitz sur-Mer Belgien Aachen Bonn Lille Frankreich Gießen Liège 41 41 41 21 21 42 40 16–19 23–26 Water Water depth [m] 17 14 21 15 30 41–44 0.5 2 110 110 131 1 Distance near- to est coast [Km] - 25 20 160 40 29–33 440 Total Total output with 5 MW turbines – 400 18 274 380 115 316 48.3 615.6 855 120 45 291.6 405 205 43 (2.3 MW) (2.3 Total out- Total put with 3.6 MW turbines 5 1 2.5 76 81 21 80 288 400 75 24–35 95 342 475 190 43 8584 306 302.4 425 420 158 190 43 43 80 288 400 132 80 80 288 80 288 400 104 80 288 400 49 25 80 288 400 85 38 80 288 400 80 288 400 80 288 400 58 30–35 80 288 400 87 40 80 288 400 40 40 80 288 400 87 40 80 329 400 32 29–42 32 80 80 5048 180 172 250 240 43 29–35 80 288 400 80 288 400 34 23–36 6688 23780 330 288 400 45 28–33 171 120 432 600 267 973.8 1.225 of WTGs EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ Location number EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ 12 NM-Zone 12 EEZ EEZ 12 NM-Zone 12 EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ NM-Zone12 70 252 350 12 NM-Zone12 EEZ NM-Zone12 25 50 90 180 125 250 39 35 20 12 NM-Zone 12 EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ = 12 nautical mile zone (coastal seas) om Germany licensed by German nautical mile zone (coastal seas) om Germany licensed by states NM zone = 12 12 tream Renewabletream (UK) Ltd. Power Vattenfall Europe NewVattenfall Energy Europe Arcadis Consult OPG Projekt Consult OPG Projekt Arcadis Cuxhaven Steel Construction OPG Projekt Mainstream Renewable Ltd. (UK) Power Operator/Developer Energiekontor Energiekontor Arcadis Consult OPG Projekt Consult OPG Projekt Arcadis GEO mbH Norderland Norderland OPG Projekt Norderland Norderland Norderland Norderland Norderland Norderland Norderland Norderland Eolic Power / Bard Engineering / Bard Eolic Power Arcadis Consult Arcadis Global Wind Support Engineering / Bard EnBW Ostsee Offshore Offshore-Windpark Delta / Nordsee E.ON Climate & Renewables EnBW Ostsee Offshore GEO mbH SSE Renewables (Scottish and Southern Renewables) Energy Enova Offshore wpd Offshore Mains E.ON 98 % / AWE-Arkona-Windpark-Entwicklungs % / AWE-Arkona-Windpark-Entwicklungs E.ON 98 Consult Arcadis Arcadis Consult Arcadis Plambeck Energien Neue % 51 Projects GEO mbH / E.ON Energy Wind-Projekt wpd Offshore Essent (RWE Innogy Hannover ) Multibrid Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH / Energiesysteme Nord Prokon = wind turbine generator = wind turbine generator WTG Nordpasse NSWP 7 NSWP 5 NSWP 6 Sea Wind III Horizont II Project name Project NSWP 4 Witte Bank Weiße Bank Weiße Sea Wind IV Uthland Sea Wind II Skua Sea Wind I Sea storm II Sea storm OWP West Deutsche Bucht Summary Ventotec Ost 2 Ventotec Austerngrund Kriegers Flak Kriegers power Delta Nordsee II Deltapower Nordsee Baltic 1 West ArkonaSee Süd ArkonaSee Geofree Geofree Baltic Power Baltic Ele Offshore North Sea Wind- I Deltapower Nordsee Notos Horizont III Arkona Becken SüdostArkona Ost 1 Arcadis Arcadis Ost 2 Arcadis Beltsee Beta Baltic Breitling / RostockBreitling Kaikas Kaskasi 68 67 65 66 60 59 Mate Veja 42 No 64 63 62 61 58 56 57 55 54 53 52 51 6 50 5 49 Offshore North Sea Wind- 3 13 14 4 11 12 48 47 43 Licensed Wind Farms Licensed Wind Farms 2 procedures licensing undergoing Wind Farms 7 8 9 10 BaLtIc sea BaLtIc Operational 1 46 MEG I 44 45 After the the went OFFSHORE Wind to press, magazine Energy WAB German Maritime and Hydrographic announced that Agency it had grantedlicensing in the beginning of September 2009 = German Exclusive Economic Zone (from 12 to 200 nautical miles from the 200 nautical miles from coast); to in Germany licensed: German Maritime Agency 12 Economic Zone (from eeZ = German and Hydrographic Exclusive e, BSH) (Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrograﬁ = megawatts MW = megawatts

* * * * 41 41 39 2–18 Water Water depth [m] 74 74 13 35 111 111 Distance near- to est coast [Km] 5 0.01 3 400 45 25–35 Total Total output with 5 MW turbines – 125 – 800 143 45 – 960 43 26–34 – 5 0.05 – 400 87 39–41 – 60 43 30 Total out- Total put with 3.6 MW turbines 1 1 19 12 96 346 480 100 30–40 80 288 400 30 19–24 8080 288 400 288 53 400 22–32 86 23–40 80 288 400 125 38–42 80 288 400 33 80 288 400 75 39 80 288 400 85 39 80 288 400 33 28–33 80 288 400 8080 288 400 288 400 8080 288 288 400 400 75 39–41 33 28–33 80 288 400 8080 288 288 400 400 8080 288 288 400 400 35 16–22 70 23–31 80 288 400 66 37 80 80 288 400 66 37 80 288 400 40 30–35 80 288 400 66 37 77 277 385 34 23–29 80 288 400 83 38 80 8080 288 288 400 400 87 40 80 288 400 35 21–25 160 160 1.332 4.079 6.720 of WTGs EEZ 12 NM-Zone12 EEZ 25 EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ EEZ 12 NM-Zone 12 EEZ EEZ 12 NM-Zone 12 EEZ EEZ EEZ Location number EEZ EEZ Projekt (Sandbank 24 , Greenoak) Projekt Energiekontor Energiekontor RWE Innogy WindMW , Windland Energieerzeugungs Nördlicher Grund Mainstream Renewable Ltd. (UK) Power Norderland Norderland Plambeck Energien Neue OffshoreEnBW Nordsee Hochsee Helgoland Testfeld EnBW Nordsee OffshoreEnBW Nordsee Bard Engineering Bard EnBW Nordsee OffshoreEnBW Nordsee Plambeck Energien Neue Bard SchiffsbetriebBard & Co. Nathalie KG RWE Innogy Enova EWE / Stadtwerke Energieanlen, München (SWM)Plambeck Energien Neue NM-Zone 12 Plambeck Energien Neue Service Bard 44 158 220 25 16–20 Nordsee WindpowerNordsee / Stadtwerke München/ Wetfeet Plambeck / Evelop Energien Neue SSE Renewables Bard Building Manement Bard SSE Renewables SSE Renewables (Scottish and Southern Renewables) Energy Vattenfall / GEO mbH SSE Renewables TrianelWindpark Power Borkum SSE Renewables Energiekontor Energiekontor SSE Renewables (Scottish and Southern Renewables) Energy Bard Engineering Bard Plambeck , Energien Neue Projektgesellschaft PNE2 Offshore, Vattenfall und Dong Emden EneyBard Enova Windpark Engineering , SüdWestStrom & Co. KG, Bard WV Energie wpd Offshore LCO / Evelop Nature Operator/Developer Renewables, EWE, Vattenfall New & DOTI (E.ON Climate DeutschesEnergy) Offshore-Testfeld Renewables / Amrumbank West & E.ON Climate German offshore projects offshore German Summary Sandbank 24 Nordergründe Ost Nordsee Meerwind Nördlicher Grund Horizont I Gaia I–IV Gode Wind II II He Dreiht Helgoland Hochsee Testfeld Hochsee Windpark Nordsee Euklas He Dreiht Gode Wind II Diamant 1 Innogy Nordsee Borkum Riffgat Borkum Riffgrund II Borkum Riffgrund II West Citrin Global Tech I Global Tech Gode Wind I II Bight Power Bernstein I Bight Power Butendiek Dan Tysk AreaC III AreaC Borkum West II Borkum West II AreaC Borkum Riffgrund West I AreaC Hooksiel Borkum Riffgrund I Aquamarin Dollard Emden Dollard Offshore 1 Bard Aiolos Albatros Amrumbank West alpha ventus Project name Project 20 17 19 16 18 41 37 38 39 40 15 36 14 13 34 35 30 31 32 33 11 12 29 27 28 9 10 26 8 25 7 24 3 6 23 2 5 21 Wind Farms undergoing licensing procedures licensing procedures undergoing Wind Farms 22 Licensed Wind Farms Licensed Wind Farms 4 north sea north Operational 1 No 40 | The Magazine #2 | The shore Off

Service Offshore #2 | The Magazine

no Project name Operator/developer Location number Total out- Total distance Water of WTGs put with output to near- depth 3.6 MW with 5 est coast [m] no Project name Operator/developer Location number Total out- Total distance Water turbines MW tur- [Km] of WTGs put with output to near- depth bines 3.6 MW with 5 est coast [m] turbines MW tur- [Km] 42 horizont II Mainstream Renewable Power Ltd. (UK) EEZ 80 288 400 121 42 bines 43 horizont III Mainstream Renewable Power Ltd. (UK) EEZ 66 237 330 131 41 nOrth sea 44 Kaikas wpd Offshore EEZ 88 316 440 Operational 45 Kaskasi Essent (RWE Innogy Hannover ) EEZ 120 432 600 1 alpha ventus DOTI (E.ON Climate & Renewables, EWE, Vattenfall New EEZ 12 – 30 43 30 * 46 MEG I Multibrid Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH / EEZ 80 288 400 45 28–33 Energy) Deutsches Offshore-Testfeld Prokon Nord Energiesysteme 2 dollard Emden Enova 12 NM-Zone 1 5 0.01 3 47 notos wpd Offshore EEZ 50 180 250 3 hooksiel Bard Engineering 12 NM-Zone 1 – 5 0.05 48 Offshore north Sea Wind- Enova Offshore EEZ 48 172 240 43 29–35 power delta nordsee I Licensed Wind Farms * 49 Offshore north Sea Wind- Offshore-Windpark Delta Nordsee / EEZ 32 115 160 40 29–33 4 Amrumbank West E.ON Climate & Renewables / Amrumbank West EEZ 80 288 400 35 21–25 power delta nordsee II E.ON Climate & Renewables 5 Bard Offshore 1 Bard Engineering , SüdWestStrom Windpark & Co. KG, EEZ 80 – 400 87 39–41 50 Austerngrund Global Wind Support / Bard Engineering EEZ 80 288 400 87 40 WV Energie 51 deutsche Bucht Eolic Power / Bard Engineering EEZ 80 288 400 87 40 6 Borkum Riffgrund I Plambeck Neue Energien , EEZ 77 277 385 34 23–29 52 OWP West Norderland EEZ 80 288 400 58 30–35 Projektgesellschaft PNE2 Offshore, Vattenfall und Dong 53 Sea storm Norderland EEZ 80 288 400 110 7 Borkum Riffgrund West Energiekontor EEZ 80 288 400 40 30–35 54 Sea storm II Norderland EEZ 80 288 400 110 8 Borkum West II Trianel Power Windpark Borkum EEZ 80 400 45 25–35 55 Sea Wind I Norderland EEZ 9 Butendiek SSE Renewables (Scottish and Southern Energy Renewables) EEZ 80 288 400 35 16–22 56 Sea Wind II Norderland EEZ 10 dan Tysk Vattenfall / GEO mbH EEZ 80 288 400 70 23–31 57 Skua OPG Projekt EEZ 80 288 400 85 38 11 Global Tech I Nordsee Windpower / Stadtwerke München/ EEZ 80 288 400 75 39–41 Wetfeet 58 Uthland GEO mbH EEZ 80 288 400 49 25 12 Gode Wind I Plambeck Neue Energien / Evelop EEZ 80 288 400 33 28–33 * 59 Veja Mate Cuxhaven Steel Construction OPG Projekt EEZ 80 – 400 13 Gode Wind II Plambeck Neue Energien EEZ 80 288 400 33 28–33 60 Sea Wind III Arcadis Consult OPG Projekt EEZ 80 288 400 132 41 14 he dreiht EnBW Nordsee Offshore EEZ 80 288 400 85 39 61 Sea Wind IV Arcadis Consult OPG Projekt EEZ 80 288 400 104 41 15 hochsee Windpark nordsee EnBW Nordsee Offshore EEZ 80 288 400 75 39 62 Weiße Bank Energiekontor EEZ 80 288 16 Meerwind WindMW , Windland Energieerzeugungs EEZ 80 288 400 53 22–32 63 Witte Bank EEZ 171 615.6 855 120 45 17 nordergründe Energiekontor 12 NM-Zone 25 – 125 13 2–18 64 nSWP 4 EEZ 81 291.6 405 205 43 18 nördlicher Grund Nördlicher Grund EEZ 80 288 400 86 23–40 65 nSWP 5 EEZ 85 306 425 158 43 19 nordsee Ost RWE Innogy EEZ 80 288 400 30 19–24 66 nSWP 6 EEZ 84 302.4 420 190 43 20 Sandbank 24 Projekt (Sandbank 24 , Greenoak) EEZ 96 346 480 100 30–40 67 nSWP 7 EEZ 95 342 475 190 43 Summary 1.332 4.079 6.690 68 nordpasse Vattenfall Europe New Energy EEZ 80 288 400 75 24–35 * After the WAB OFFSHORE Wind Energy magazine went to press, the German Maritime and Hydrographic Agency announced that it had granted licensing in the beginning of September 2009 Wind Farms undergoing licensing procedures baltIc sea 21 Aiolos wpd Offshore EEZ 80 288 400 39 Operational 22 Albatros LCO Nature / Evelop EEZ 80 288 400 87 40 1 Breitling / Rostock Wind-Projekt 12 NM-Zone 1 2.5 0.5 2 23 Aquamarin Bard Emden Eney EEZ 80 288 400 83 38 Licensed Wind Farms 24 AreaC I SSE Renewables (Scottish and Southern Energy Renewables) EEZ 80 288 400 66 37 2 Arkona Becken Südost E.ON 98 % / AWE-Arkona-Windpark-Entwicklungs EEZ 80 288 400 34 23–36 25 AreaC II SSE Renewables EEZ 80 288 400 66 37 3 Baltic 1 EnBW Ostsee Offshore 12 NM-Zone 21 48.3 - 15 16–19 26 AreaC III SSE Renewables EEZ 80 288 400 66 37 (2.3 MW) 27 Bernstein Bard Building Manement EEZ 80 288 400 4 Geofree GEO mbH 12 NM-Zone 5 18 25 20 21 28 Bight Power I SSE Renewables EEZ 80 288 400 74 5 Kriegers Flak EnBW Ostsee Offshore EEZ 80 329 400 32 29–42 29 Bight Power II SSE Renewables EEZ 80 288 400 74 6 Ventotec Ost 2 Arcadis Consult EEZ 80 288 400 40 40 30 Borkum Riffgat Enova Energieanlen, EWE / Stadtwerke München (SWM) 12 NM-Zone 44 158 220 25 16–20 Summary 267 973.8 1.225 31 Borkum Riffgrund II Plambeck Neue Energien EEZ 80 288 400 Wind Farms undergoing licensing procedures 32 Borkum Riffgrund West II Plambeck Neue Energien EEZ 7 Arcadis Ost 1 Arcadis Consult 12 NM-Zone 70 252 350 17 40 33 Citrin Bard Service EEZ 80 288 400 111 41 8 Arcadis Ost 2 Arcadis Consult 12 NM-Zone 25 90 125 39 35 34 diamant Bard Schiffsbetrieb & Co. Nathalie KG EEZ 80 288 400 111 41 9 Beltsee Plambeck Neue Energien EEZ 76 274 380 14 23–26 35 Innogy nordsee 1 RWE Innogy EEZ 160 – 960 43 26–34 10 Beta Baltic GEO mbH / E.ON Energy Projects 51 % 12 NM-Zone 50 180 250 20 21 36 Euklas Bard Engineering EEZ 160 – 800 143 45 11 Baltic Power EEZ 37 Gaia I–IV Norderland EEZ 12 Baltic Ele SSE Renewables (Scottish and Southern Energy Renewables) EEZ 80 30 41–44 38 Gode Wind II Plambeck Neue Energien EEZ 80 288 400 33 13 ArkonaSee West EEZ 39 he dreiht II EnBW Nordsee Offshore EEZ 14 ArkonaSee Süd EEZ 80 40 hochsee Testfeld helgoland Hochsee Testfeld Helgoland EEZ 19 35 MW = megawatts Wtg = wind turbine generator 12 nM zone = 12 nautical mile zone (coastal seas) om Germany licensed by German states 41 horizont I Mainstream Renewable Power Ltd. (UK) EEZ 80 288 400 125 38–42 eeZ = German Exclusive Economic Zone (from 12 to 200 nautical miles from the coast); in Germany licensed: German Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrograﬁ e, BSH)

41 Sweden –

Denmark

Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Service European offshore projects

28 B S4 Lake Vänern 118 42 Beatrice 2 Ireland 32 35 26 21 Lynn & Inner Dowsing 15 6 25 24 Sweden –

Scroby Sands Great Britain 10 29 19 22 Firth of Forth Sweden 33 – North Sea Denmark 30 Yttre Stengrund Germany S3

IRL 43 31 Middelgrunden Dogger Bank DK2 Denmark DK3 Horns Rev 2 DK5 NetherlandsDK1 Samsø Lillgrund Horns Rev 1 Esbjerg S1 41 Sweden 9 a Baltic Sea Robin Rigg FINO 3 German Exclusive EEZ – Economic Zone S10 DK6 (EEZ) FINO 2 Arkona Becken Südost Barrow measurement mast 1 Hornsea Amrumbank DK6 DK4 measurement mast Nysted Irish Sea B Burbo Bank Rhyl Flats 3 Lynn & Ireland 8 7 Inner Dowsing FINO 1 North Hoyle 6 Cuxhaven Norfolk Bremerhaven Arklow Bank Denmark IRL1 Scroby Sands 10 Ireland Great Britain Belgium German Projects in the North-/Baltic Sea on page 38/39 France Egmond aan Zee NL1 NL2 9 Princess Amalia Germany 4 c Windfarm (Q7) 40 a Gunﬂ eet Sands 47 5 36 Kentish Flats Netherlands Bristol Channel

20 Great Britain B1 Thornton Bank B2 6 Repower 5-MW- B1 Turbines of 59 17 14 1 Barrow Hastings 44 West Isle of Wright 37 38 Project in operation 39 Belgium Germany 11 c France Project being implemented 27 12 Burbo Bank Gunﬂ eet Sands 4 Research platform 3 F1 13 Rhyl Flats 8 7 Project areas Ireland North Hoyle Kentish Flats 5 16 Netherlands Round 3 Project areas (UK)

42 Great Britain

Germany France Belgium Netherlands

France Belgium

Spanien

Spanien Sweden –

Denmark

Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Strong winds also in coastal areas The proximity to the coastline is not a critical factor for the profitability of an offshore wind park, as demonstrate comparisons of coastal distances to annual full load hours. This is, however, where you can clearly see the advantage of offshore wind power. With about 40%, these plants boast twice the capacity factor of plants in the German inland. 45 Distance to coast (km) 28 b 0 10 20 30 40 50 S4 Thanet GB Lake Vänern 118 42 Beatrice Horns Rev DK 2 Ireland 32 35 26 Q7 NL 21 Lynn & Inner Dowsing 15 6 25 Thornton Bank B 24 Sweden Butendiek D – Borkum Riffgrund D Scroby Sands Eldepasco B 10 Great Britain Borkum West D Belwind B 29 19 0 10 20 30 40 50 22 Firth of Forth Capacity factor (%) Sweden 33 – north Sea Denmark 30 Yttre Stengrund Germany S3

IRL 43 31 Middelgrunden Dogger Bank dK2 Denmark dK3 Horns Rev 2 dK5 NetherlandsdK1 Samsø Lillgrund Horns Rev 1 Esbjerg S1 41 Sweden 9 a Baltic Sea Robin Rigg FINO 3 German Exclusive EEZ – Economic Zone S10 dK6 (EEZ) FINO 2 Arkona Becken Südost Barrow measurement mast 1 Hornsea Amrumbank dK6 dK4 measurement mast Nysted Irish Sea b Burbo Bank Rhyl Flats 3 Lynn & Ireland 8 7 Inner Dowsing FINO 1 North Hoyle 6 Cuxhaven Norfolk Bremerhaven Arklow Bank Denmark IRL1 Scroby Sands 10 Ireland Great Britain Belgium German Projects in the North-/Baltic Sea on page 38/39 France Egmond aan Zee nL1 nL2 9 Princess Amalia Germany 4 c Windfarm (Q7) 40 a Gunfl eet Sands 47 5 36 Kentish Flats Netherlands Bristol Channel

20 Great Britain B1 Thornton Bank B2 6 Repower 5-MW- B1 Turbines of 59 17 14 1 Barrow Hastings 44 West Isle of Wright 37 38 Project in operation 39 Belgium Germany 11 c France Project being implemented 12 Burbo Bank 4 27 Research platform 3 F1 13 Rhyl Flats 8 7 Project areas Ireland North Hoyle Kentish Flats 64 16 Netherlands Round 3 Project areas (UK)

43 Great Britain

Germany France Belgium Netherlands

France Belgium

Spanien

Spanien 12 40 20–25 3.6–22 Water Water depth [m] 4 5 8 11 14 21 13 35 60 distance near- to est coast [Km] 64 115 216 105 22 23 108 700 300 280 250 450 240 8 360 300 905 680 378 300 1200 230 - 1.000 Total Total output of windfarm 21 18 36 30 90 90 400 90 270 20 30 108 7 216 300 1.500 370 1.500 286 900 - 42–83 200 - number of WTG 5 23 5 3 100 300 2.3 90 207 3 5–12 3.6 30 108 5 3.6 75 270 8 10–15 3–5 85 - 150 3–7 72–166 500 20 3–7 125 500 20 22 2–3.6 140 500 Output per WTG [MW] 2010 2011 2012 2012 2011 2010 2010 2011 2013 2011 2014 2011 2010 2010 2011 construction start E.ON Vind (E.ON Schweden) Eldepasco Farm Energy Electrabel/Jan de Nul Electrabel/Jan de Nul Aberdeen Offshore Wind Farm Ltd. / Vattenfall %) (33,3 Power Celt / %) (33,3 Wind Shell / %) (33,3 Dong and Eurus) Scottish Power = Joint venture (Celt Power Scottish Power RenewablesScottish Power Prokon Nord Energiesysteme Nord Prokon / ENERTR Etablissement France Thanet Offshore Wind / Vattenfall Dong Airtricity Ltd.. Holdings (UK) Ltd.., Fluor E.ON Climate & Renewables UK Ithaca Energy EDF Energy OffshoreB9 Energy Developments, Re- Powergen newables Developments, Renewable Systems Energy energy/Dong Total Dong Wind (UK) Ltd. Eneco/Bard Engineering Engineering Eneco/Bard oating Blue H fl Centrica Renewable Energy Dong Shell Wind Energy, Celt Power, Centrica Renewable Energy Warwick Energy %) %), Dong (50 E.ON UK (50 EDF Energy Mainstream Renewables Ltd.. RWE npower Renewables Renewables Ltd.., SeaEnergy Ltd. Airtricity Holdings (UK) Ltd.. Airtricity Holdings (UK) Ltd.. Centrica Renewable Energy E.ON UK Operator/developer Roedsand (nysted II II) Bank zonder naam Atlantic Array Blueh4Power1 Blueh4Power2 Aberdeen Wind Offshore Farm of duddon Sands West Argyll ArrayArgyll Côte d‘Albâtre Côte Thanet Walney Bell Rock CirrusArray Shell Flat Cromer Shell Flats 2 Shell Flats 3 FirthSolway Beatrice Teesside Triton Knoll Tunes Plateau RoughWestermost Bay Wigtown Congster Iles Western docking Shoal Shell Flats 1 (Cirrus Array) (Cirrus Shell Flat Array) Race Bank dudgeon Scaerweather Sands norfolk Offshore Wind Offshore norfolk Farm neart na Gaoithe Gunfl eet Sands 2 Gunfl Inch Cape Islay Kintyre *Lincs humber Gateway Project name Project 18 19 dEnMARK FRAnCE BELGIUM BRITAIn 16 17 21 41 31 no F 1 B 3 B 4 B 5 B 6 DK 6 UK UK 20 UK UK 44 UK UK UK UK 22 UK 23 UK 24 UK 38 UK 39 UK 40 UK UK 42 UK 43 UK 45 UK 47 UK 46 UK 25 UK 37 UK 35 UK 26 UK 36 UK 34 UK 33 UK 27 UK 29 UK 30 UK UK 32 UK 28 Country Further developments project after European 2011 * After the publication of this the magazine, start was for the announced. preparation of “Lincs” in 2010 8 10 12 100 0–9 2–5 [m] 6–14 7–10 Water Water 6–9.5 depth 18–20 7 5 6–10 17 10 10 10 10 14 10 12 25 45 distance near- to est coast [Km] 10 10 10 30 4 5–7 23 4 11–18 110 315 330 46 20–35 200 27 9–18 2.005.3 Total Total output of windfarm 10 10 91 110 271 1.000 20 23 769 number of WTG 32 60 30 180 60 2 4–8 2 30 60 8 3 30 90 9 5 2 60 120 23 20–25 5 53 300 27 25 3 30 90 7 15–20 3 5 6 30 27 25 2 80 160 3 36 108 5 30 150 2 20 40 2 4–8 23 5 1.5 7 3.6 25 90 8 6–15 3.63.6 25 303.6 90 108 54 194 5 6–11 3.6 140 504 25 2.3 48 3.6 7 25 2.3 1 2.3 3.6 88 2.3 2.3 72 165 2.3 3–6 250 750 Output per WTG [MW] 2008 2005 2003 2003 2006/20072007 52009 2005 2 2008 2007 2010 2010 2011 2007 2006 2003 2010 2009 2002 2006 2009 2010 2011 2000 2008 2003 2001 2009 2002 construction start ojects E.ON UK E.ON UK RWE Innogy RWE npower renewables Talisman Energy (UK) und Scottish & Southern (UK) und Scottish Energy Talisman (SSE) Energy Dong Energy Dong Energy Elsam/Vattenfall AMEC / Centrica Renewable Energy Econcern, Eneco / E-Connection C-POWER, RWE Innogy, EdF, DEME, SOCOFE, SRIW, NUMA SRIW, DEME, SOCOFE, EdF, C-POWER, RWE Innogy, Greater Gabbard Offshore Gabbard Greater Winds (GGOWL) – %) Fluor (50 / %) Airticity (50 RWE npower renewables / RWE innogy London Array (E.ON UK, Dong) Vattenfall AB, Nordic GenerationVattenfall AB, Nordic Airtricity / GE Energy Barrow Offshorewind Ltd.. Energy) % Dong % Centrica und 50 (50 Evelop / Belwind / Evelop Dong Energy (40 %); Vattenfall (60 %) %); Vattenfall (60 (40 Dong Energy Shell Nuon, Nexans, Technip, Siemens wind power, KraftHaugaland C-POWER / RWE Innogy, EdF, DEME, SOCOFE, SRIW, SRIW, DEME, SOCOFE, EdF, C-POWER / RWE Innogy, %) NUMA (33 Eclipse Energy / Vattenfall / Eclipse Energy Scira Offshore Evelop, Statoil Hydro Energy, Dong Energy / Novo Nordisk AS / Novo Nordisk Dong Energy Middelgrunden Wind Turbine Cooperative; E2%) Schweden%); E.ON (20 (80 Dong Energy 2001 Vindkompaniet Windpark Vänern Kraft AB Citizens windfarm Operator/developer ore pr offsh opean Robin Rigg Scroby Sands Scroby Rhyl Flats Rhyl north hoyle Beatrice Burbo Bank eet Sands Gunfl Kentish Flats & Inner dowsing Lynn Princess Amalia Windfarm (Q7) Greater Gabbard Greater Gwynt y Mor London Array Lillgrund Arklow Bank Arklow Barrow Belwind / Bligh Bank / Belwind hywind horns Rev I Egmond aan zee Thornton Bank Phase 1 Ormonde Sheringham Shoal Utgrunden Summary Thornton Bank Phase 2 horns Rev II Middelgrunden nysted yttre Stengrundyttre VänernLake Windpark Samsø Project name Project Eur 10 11 12 13 BELGIUM BRITAIn nORWAy SWEdEn IRELAnd nEThERLAnd dEnMARK BRITAIn BELGIUM 14 15 no

S 1 S 2 S 3 S 4 B 2 N 1 B 1 B 1 NL 2 NL 1 DK 1 DK 2 DK 3 DK 4 DK 5 UK 9 UK UK 8 UK 7 UK 2 UK 3 UK 4 UK 5 UK 6 UK UK UK UK 1 UK UK IRL 1 Country Projects being implemented in 2010/2011 being implemented Projects Operational 44 | The Magazine #2 | The ore Offsh

Service Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Operational UK 16 Thanet Thanet Offshore Wind / Vattenfall 2010 3 100 300 11 20–25 BELGIUM UK 17 Walney Dong 2010 216 450 14 B 1 Thornton Bank Phase 1 C-POWER / RWE Innogy, EdF, DEME, SOCOFE, SRIW, 2009 5 6 30 27 25 dEnMARK NUMA (33 %) DK 6 Roedsand II (nysted II) E.ON Vind (E.ON Schweden) 2010 2.3 90 207 3 5–12 BRITAIn FRAnCE UK 1 Barrow Barrow Offshorewind Ltd.. 2006 3 30 90 7 15–20 F 1 Côte d‘Albâtre Prokon Nord Energiesysteme / ENERTR Etablissement 2011 5 21 105 22 23 (50 % Centrica und 50 % Dong Energy) France UK 2 Beatrice Talisman Energy (UK) und Scottish & Southern 2006/2007 5 2 10 25 45 Energy (SSE) Further European project developments after 2011 UK 3 Burbo Bank Dong Energy 2007 3.6 25 90 10 8 UK 4 Gunfl eet Sands Dong Energy 2009 3.6 30 108 BELGIUM UK 5 Kentish Flats Elsam/Vattenfall 2005 3 30 90 9 5 B 3 Bank zonder naam Eldepasco 2011 36 216 35 UK 6 Lynn & Inner dowsing AMEC / Centrica Renewable Energy 2008 3.6 54 194 5 6–11 B 4 Blueh4Power1 Electrabel/Jan de Nul 2012 60 UK 7 north hoyle RWE npower renewables 2003 2 30 60 8 12 B 5 Blueh4Power2 Electrabel/Jan de Nul 2012 UK 8 Rhyl Flats RWE Innogy 2003 3.6 25 90 8 6–15 B 6 Congster Eneco/Bard Engineering UK 9 Robin Rigg E.ON UK 2008 3 60 180 0–9 BRITAIn UK 10 Scroby Sands E.ON UK 2005 2 30 60 2 4–8 UK 18 Aberdeen Offshore Wind Farm Aberdeen Offshore Wind Farm Ltd. / Vattenfall 5 23 115 4 dEnMARK UK 19 Argyll Array Scottish Power Renewables 300 1.500 DK 1 horns Rev I Dong Energy (40 %); Vattenfall (60 %) 2002 2 80 160 14 6–14 UK 20 Atlantic Array Farm Energy 370 1.500 21 40 DK 2 horns Rev II Dong Energy / Novo Nordisk AS 2008 2.3 91 200 27 9–18 UK 21 Beatrice Ithaca Energy 1.000 DK 3 Middelgrunden Middelgrunden Wind Turbine Cooperative; E2 2001 2 20 40 2 4–8 UK 22 Bell Rock Airtricity Holdings (UK) Ltd.., Fluor Ltd.. 700 DK 4 nysted Dong Energy (80 %); E.ON Schweden (20 %) 2003 2.3 72 165 10 6–9.5 UK 23 Cirrus Shell Flat Array DK 5 Samsø Citizens windfarm 2002 2.3 10 23 4 11–18 UK 24 Cromer 108 IRELAnd UK 25 docking Shoal Centrica Renewable Energy 2011 3–7 72–166 500 20 3.6–22 IRL 1 Arklow Bank Airtricity / GE Energy 2003 3.6 7 25 10 2–5 UK 26 dudgeon Warwick Energy 2011 230 - 300 nEThERLAnd UK 27 Gunfl eet Sands 2 2010 18 64 NL 1 Egmond aan zee Nuon, Shell 2006 3 36 108 10 18–20 UK 28 humber Gateway E.ON UK 2011 42–83 200 - 8 NL 2 Princess Amalia Windfarm Econcern, Eneco / E-Connection 2007 2 60 120 23 20–25 300 (Q7) UK 29 Inch Cape RWE npower Renewables Ltd.., SeaEnergy Renewables Ltd. 905 nORWAy UK 30 Islay Airtricity Holdings (UK) Ltd.. 680 N 1 hywind Siemens wind power, Technip, Nexans, 2009 2.3 1 2.3 10 100 UK 31 Kintyre Airtricity Holdings (UK) Ltd.. 378 Haugaland Kraft UK 32 *Lincs Centrica Renewable Energy 2010 3.6 75 270 8 10–15 SWEdEn UK 33 neart na Gaoithe Mainstream Renewables Ltd.. 360 S 1 Lillgrund Vattenfall AB, Nordic Generation 2007 2.3 48 110 7 10 UK 34 norfolk Offshore Wind Farm EDF Energy 30 108 7 S 2 Utgrunden 2000 1.5 7 10 12 7–10 UK 35 Race Bank Centrica Renewable Energy 2014 3–7 125 500 20 22 S 3 yttre Stengrund Vindkompaniet 2001 2 5 10 5 6–10 UK 36 Scaerweather Sands E.ON UK (50 %), Dong (50 %) 3.6 30 108 5 S 4 Lake Vänern Windpark Windpark Vänern Kraft AB 2009 3 10 30 4 5–7 UK 37 Shell Flats 1 (Cirrus Array) Celt Power, Shell Wind Energy, Dong 90 270 20 Summary 769 2.005.3 (Cirrus Shell Flat Array) UK 38 Shell Flats 2 Projects being implemented in 2010/2011 UK 39 Shell Flats 3 BELGIUM UK 40 Solway Firth E.ON Climate & Renewables UK 300 B 2 Belwind / Bligh Bank Evelop / Belwind 2010 3 110 330 46 20–35 UK 41 Teesside EDF Energy 2011 30 90 B 1 Thornton Bank Phase 2 C-POWER, RWE Innogy, EdF, DEME, SOCOFE, SRIW, NUMA 5 53 300 27 25 UK 42 Triton Knoll 286 900 - 1200 BRITAIn UK 43 Tunes Plateau B9 Energy Offshore Developments, Powergen Re- 3–5 85 150 - 5 12 UK 11 Greater Gabbard Greater Gabbard Offshore Winds (GGOWL) – 2010 3.6 140 504 25 newables Developments, Renewable Energy Systems 250 Airticity (50 %) / Fluor (50 %) UK 44 West of duddon Sands Dong (33,3 %) / Shell Wind (33,3 %) / Celt Power (33,3 %) 2–3.6 140 500 13 UK 12 Gwynt y Mor RWE innogy / RWE npower renewables 2010 3–6 250 750 (Celt Power = Joint venture Scottish Power and Eurus) UK 13 London Array London Array (E.ON UK, Dong) 2011 271 1.000 20 23 UK 45 Westermost Rough Total energy/Dong 2013 240 8 UK 14 Ormonde Eclipse Energy / Vattenfall 2010 5 30 150 UK 46 Western Iles Blue H fl oating 90 400 UK 15 Sheringham Shoal Scira Offshore Energy, Evelop, Statoil Hydro 2011 3.6 88 315 17 UK 47 Wigtown Bay Dong Wind (UK) Ltd. 280 * After the publication of this magazine, the start for the preparation of “Lincs” in 2010 was announced.

45 100 -120 100 Water Water depth [m] distance near- to est coast [Km] 100 495 680 855 263 250 260 300 600 Total Total output of windfarm 5425 162 92 4 - 8 12–20 20 50 250 220 660 12 -1512 150 number of WTG 3 34 102 6 Output per WTG [MW] 2012 2012 construction start Airtricity /Acciona (Spain) Energia Airtricity Effeventi wpd offshore wpd offshore Blue H Technologies BV / Blue H Skysaver / BV Blue H Technologies POWEO Harland & Wolff Licences & Harland Wind Farm Development natural power / Wolff Licences & Harland PartnersSure Kish Consortium Vent d’ouest Vent Shell Wind Energy / La compnie du vent La compnie / Shell Wind Energy WPD offshore France SAS WPD offshore France SAS WPD offshore France SAS Operator/developer Arklow Bank Phase 2 Arklow Arklow Bank Phase 3 Arklow San Michele nord Gargano Süd Gargano Tricase Saint Brieuc Ile de Groix Blackwater Bank Blackwater Bank Bank Codling Greater & Codling dundalk Bay Bank Bray Kish Bank / Vent d’ouest Vent Parc èolien du Libron èolien du Libron Parc Fecamps Calvados Vendee Project name Project IRELAnd ITALy no I 1 I 3 I 4 I 2 F 5 F 3 F 6 F 4 F 8 F 7 F 9 IRL 2 IRL 3 IRL 4 IRL 5 IRL 6 IRL 7 IRL 8 Country 7 29.06.2009 16:01:46 Uhr Water Water depth [m] 14 distance near- to est coast [Km] 70 705 400 400 600 200 800 200 455 25 1000 1000 1.000 Total Total output of windfarm 91 141 200 600– 300 1.500 100 - 150 100 number of WTG 5 3–6 200 Output per WTG [MW] 2012 construction start announced by Government Danish since 08.08 2012 du vent La compnie Hiiumaa Offshore Tuulepark OÜ (LLC) (Norwegian company company (Norwegian (LLC) AS OÜ Tuulepark Freenergy Offshore company Hiiumaa Estonian %), (45 AS Eurus Vardar %) ) %), Estonian OÜ (LLC) company Energia Nelja (10 (45 OÜ Nelja Energia OÜ Nelja wpd offshore wpd offshore wpd offshore Energi ØstEnergi wpd offshore Operator/developer Fr. Fassmer GmbH & Co. KG Fassmer GmbH & Co. KG Fr. 27804 Berne Germany Phone [+49] 44 06 942-0 Fax [+49] 44 06 942-100 [email protected] www.fassmer.de Solutions are us! are Solutions Kokkola deux Cotes djursland/Anholt (Kattegat) djursland/Anholt Jammerbugten hiiumaa dagö Finngrunden Suurhiekka Korsnäs Store MiddelgrundStore Rinkoeping Fjord Rinkoeping Roenland und III II Rönne Banke Kriegers Flak III Kriegers Project name Project FRAnCE FInLAnd ESTLAnd dEnMARK 13 10 11 12 no F 2 DK 7 DK 8 DK DK DK DK DK 9 FIN 1 FIN 4 FIN 3 FIN 2 EST 2 EST 1 Country 46 | The Magazine #2 | The ore Offsh Offshore Wind turbines and nacelles and • Helicopter winching areas • • Windlift systems • • Survival cells • • Service Concepts for • • Wind turbine spinner •

Service FAS-AZ-0004_Offshore_Windenergie1 1 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Country no Project name Operator/developer construc- Output number Total distance Water Country no Project name Operator/developer construc- Output number Total distance Water tion start per WTG of WTG output to near- depth tion start per WTG of WTG output to near- depth [MW] of est coast [m] [MW] of est coast [m] wind- [Km] wind- [Km] farm farm dEnMARK F 3 Ile de Groix 100 DK 7 djursland/Anholt (Kattegat) announced by Danish Government since 08.08 2012 100 - 150 400 F 4 Parc èolien du Libron Shell Wind Energy / La compnie du vent 3 34 102 6 DK 8 Jammerbugten 800 F 5 Saint Brieuc POWEO 2012 12 -15 150 DK 9 Kriegers Flak III wpd offshore 91 455 25 F 6 Vent d’ouest Vent d’ouest 2012 260 DK 10 Rinkoeping Fjord 1.000 F 7 Calvados WPD offshore France SAS 50 250 DK 11 Roenland II und III F 8 Fecamps WPD offshore France SAS 300 DK 12 Rönne Banke Energi Øst 70 7 F 9 Vendee WPD offshore France SAS 600 DK 13 Store Middelgrund 200 IRELAnd ESTLAnd IRL 2 Arklow Bank Phase 2 Airtricity /Acciona Energia (Spain) 495 IRL 3 Arklow Bank Phase 3 263 EST 1 dagö OÜ Nelja Energia 3–6 200 IRL 4 Blackwater Bank Harland & Wolff Licences EST 2 hiiumaa Hiiumaa Offshore Tuulepark OÜ (LLC) (Norwegian company 200 600– Vardar Eurus AS (45 %), Estonian company Freenergy AS 1000 IRL 5 Blackwater Bank Wind Farm Development (45 %), Estonian company Nelja Energia OÜ (LLC) (10 %) ) IRL 6 Codling & Greater Codling Bank Harland & Wolff Licences / natural power 220 660 FInLAnd IRL 7 dundalk Bay Sure Partners FIN 1 Kokkola 200 IRL 8 Kish Bank / Bray Bank Kish Consortium 250 FIN 2 Korsnäs wpd offshore 600 ITALy FIN 3 Suurhiekka wpd offshore 400 I 1 San Michele Effeventi 54 162 4 - 8 12–20 FIN 4 Finngrunden wpd offshore 300 1.500 I 2 Tricase Blue H Technologies BV / Blue H Skysaver 25 92 20 100 -120 FRAnCE I 3 Gargano nord wpd offshore 680 F 2 deux Cotes La compnie du vent 2012 5 141 705 14 I 4 Gargano Süd wpd offshore 855

IMS Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH We are consulting engineers for offshore technology. We plan offshore wind farms and, amongst other things, draw up all technical documentation for our customers required for approval procedures according to the BSH standards. Our core business is the design and construction of foundation structures for offshore wind turbines and offshore transformer platforms.

Founded in 1972 under the name “Ingenieurge- can also draw on the expertise we have acquired in Our core business is the design, construction meinschaft Meerestechnik und Seebau” (Engi- planning and constructing large-scale infrastructure and measurement of foundation structures for neering Company for Marine Technology and projects on land, such as for example land reclama- offshore transformer platforms. Here we carry Construction), IMS has its roots in offshore tion projects for Airbus in Hamburg. In the field of out the complete project planning and structural technology. For this reason, although offshore offshore wind energy we have been involved in more design ready for implementation. This also wind energy certainly represents a new chal- than 50 projects to date. For example, we draw up includes drawing up tender documents. lenge, we can draw on a wealth of experience in approval procedure documentation in accordance meeting this challenge that stretches back more with the BSH standard for construction: A further focus of our work is planning and than 30 years – experience that we are pleased to − Design basis for foundation structures and trans- monitoring offshore installation work. For the share with our customers. former stations particular demands of offshore wind farms we − Preliminary designs for foundation structures and have also developed special equipment such as Offshore wind farms with 80 or more wind tur- offshore transformer platforms (deck structure large scale jack-up platforms for constructing the bines represent large-scale infrastructure pro- and foundations) farms. jects. We advise our customers in realising these − Collision analyses for foundation structures for www.ims-ing.de projects and offshore wind turbines and transformer stations.

47 Water Water depth [m] distance near- to est coast [Km] 1.150 64 26 Total Total output of windfarm 55 198 24.0 20-25 40 120 23 89 320 30.0 19–30 59 29572 75 260 26 40 number of WTG Output per WTG [MW] 2012 2011 2012 construction start Arcads RWE Innogy / RWE Energy NetherlandRWE Innogy / RWE Energy E-Connection Evelop RWE Offshore Wind B.V. Nederland Airtricity/Scottish and Southern (SSE) Energy Operator/developer Thetys Tromp Wijk aan zee Wijk noord Windned zuid Windned Q4 WP Q7 West Riffground noord Rijnveld West Rijnveld zuid Rijnveld OostRuyter West Ruyter Schaar Scheveningen 2 Scheveningen 3 Scheveningen 5 Scheveningen Buiten Tromp Binnen Tromp Tromp Oost Tromp West Tromp Rijn West Project name Project 74 61 71 no NL 66 NL 67 NL 72 NL 73 NL NL 53 NL 54 NL 55 NL 56 NL 57 NL 58 NL 59 NL 60 NL NL 62 NL 63 NL 64 NL 65 NL 68 NL 69 NL 70 NL Country 25 Water Water depth [m] 74 31 24 19–34 30 distance near- to est coast [Km] 141 313 153 22 20–26 342 24 20–28 Total Total output of windfarm 51 87 47 80 400 56 78 400 56 94 282 85 25578 42 24–35 468 70 97 350 60 114 137 493 34 number of WTG 5 80 400 Output per WTG [MW] construction start WEOM WEOM Evelop E-Connection Evelop Netherlands B.V. Global Wind Support Engineering /Bard Eolic Power /Bard Engineering /Bard Eolic Power E-Connection Engineering Eneco/Bard WEOM Airtricity Bard Engineering Bard Airtricity Airtricity/Scottish and Southern (SSE) Energy 2012 Operator/developer P15-WP Q10 hoek van holland 2 hoek van holland 4 hopper horiwind horizon Ijmuiden Ijmuiden1 Ijmuiden2 Katwijk Katwijk Buiten Buiten Maas West hinder noord hinder 1 noord hinder 2 noord noord Okeanos Oost Friesland zone 1 Oost Friesland zone 2 Oost Friesland zone 3 Oost Friesland zone 4 Bank 1 Osters Bank 2 Osters Bank 3 Osters P12-WP helder helmveld Eurogeul noord Eurogeul Favourius GWS Offshore nL1 den helder II den helder III den helder IV den helder noord den helder zuid EP Offshore nL 1 Brown Ridge Oost Ridge Brown Bruine Bank Callantsoog noord Callantsoog Oost Callantsoog West Callantsoog zuid den haag I den haag II den haag III den haag noord den helder I Breevertien Breevertien II Bard Offshore nL 1 Bard Project name Project 51 31 41 17 18 19 21 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 nEThERLAnd no NL NL 52 NL 28 NL 29 NL 30 NL NL 32 NL 33 NL 34 NL 35 NL 36 NL 37 NL 38 NL 39 NL 40 NL NL 42 NL 43 NL 44 NL 45 NL 46 NL 47 NL 48 NL 49 NL 50 NL 26 NL 27 NL 23 NL 24 NL 25 NL NL NL NL 20 NL NL 22 NL 6 NL 7 NL 8 NL 9 NL NL NL NL NL NL NL NL 4 NL 5 NL 3 Country 48 | The Magazine #2 | The ore Offsh

Service Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Country no Project name Operator/developer construc- Output number Total distance Water Country no Project name Operator/developer construc- Output number Total distance Water tion start per WTG of WTG output to near- depth tion start per WTG of WTG output to near- depth [MW] of est coast [m] [MW] of est coast [m] wind- [Km] wind- [Km] farm farm nEThERLAnd NL 53 Q4 WP E-Connection 40 120 23 NL 3 Bard Offshore nL 1 Bard Engineering 5 80 400 NL 54 Q7 West NL 4 Breevertien Airtricity NL 55 Riffground NL 5 Breevertien II Airtricity/Scottish and Southern Energy (SSE) 2012 97 350 60 NL 56 Rijnveld noord NL 6 Brown Ridge Oost E-Connection 94 282 74 NL 57 Rijnveld West NL 7 Bruine Bank NL 58 Rijnveld zuid NL 8 Callantsoog noord Eneco/Bard Engineering 30 NL 59 Ruyter Oost NL 9 Callantsoog Oost NL 60 Ruyter West NL 10 Callantsoog West NL 61 Schaar NL 11 Callantsoog zuid NL 62 Scheveningen 2 NL 12 den haag I NL 63 Scheveningen 3 NL 13 den haag II WEOM 85 255 42 24–35 NL 64 Scheveningen 5 NL 14 den haag III NL 65 Scheveningen Buiten Evelop 2011 89 320 30.0 19–30 NL 15 den haag noord NL 66 Thetys Arcads 55 198 24.0 20-25 NL 16 den helder I Airtricity 78 468 70 NL 67 Tromp RWE Innogy / RWE Energy Netherland 2012 1.150 64 26 NL 17 den helder II NL 68 Tromp Binnen RWE Offshore Wind Nederland B.V. 2012 59 295 75 26 NL 18 den helder III NL 69 Tromp Oost NL 19 den helder IV NL 70 Tromp West NL 20 den helder noord NL 71 West Rijn Airtricity/Scottish and Southern Energy (SSE) 72 260 40 NL 21 den helder zuid NL 72 Wijk aan zee NL 22 EP Offshore nL 1 Eolic Power /Bard Engineering 78 400 56 NL 73 Windned noord NL 23 Eurogeul noord NL 74 Windned zuid NL 24 Favourius NL 25 GWS Offshore nL1 Global Wind Support /Bard Engineering 80 400 56 NL 26 helder NL 27 helmveld Evelop Netherlands B.V. 137 493 34 Discover the fascination of offshore wind energy! NL 28 hoek van holland 2 NL 29 hoek van holland 4 An exhibition installed on NL 30 hopper a ship – Bringing offshore NL 31 horiwind wind energy to the people! NL 32 horizon More than 20.000 visitors NL 33 Ijmuiden WEOM 51 153 22 20–26 from June to August 2009 – And the tour continues in the NL 34 Ijmuiden1 summer of 2010 and 2011! NL 35 Ijmuiden2 NL 36 Katwijk WEOM 114 342 24 20–28 Shown in more than 30 har- bors along the North Sea NL 37 Katwijk Buiten Evelop 87 313 24 19–34 and Baltic Sea. NL 38 Maas West Buiten Presented and organised by NL 39 noord hinder Stiftung OFFSHORE-WIND- NL 40 noord hinder 1 ENERGIE. NL 41 noord hinder 2 NL 42 Okeanos noord NL 43 Oost Friesland zone 1 NL 44 Oost Friesland zone 2 NL 45 Oost Friesland zone 3 NL 46 Oost Friesland zone 4 NL 47 Osters Bank 1 NL 48 Osters Bank 2 NL 49 Osters Bank 3

NL 50 P12-WP E-Connection 47 141 31 25 Stiftung OFFSHORE-WINDENERGIE NL 51 P15-WP Oldenburger Str. 65 D-26316 Varel NL 52 Q10 Fon: ++49(0)4451 9515-0 supported by: Fax: ++49(0)4451 9515-29 European Union The European Regional Development Fund [email protected] STIFTUNG49 www.offshore-stiftung.de OFF HORE WINDENERGIE 30 200 200 200 200 100– 4–30 Water Water depth [m] 11 13 distance near- to est coast [Km] 140 801 660 450 350 1000 1.000 30 1.000 Total Total output of windfarm 53 265 24 90 210 500 600– Windparks number of WTG 5 4555 225 128 180–2305 180–230 300 6405 180–230 300 30 300 15–42 55 83 30 300 150 6 5 180–230 50 4 5 60 300 40 100– 5 1 5 20 100– 2.3 1 - 56 5.0 200 1.000 130 45–60 Rescue Operations Output per WTG [MW] Offshore Operations Sea-Pilot Transfer Service Maintenance & Overhaul 2014 2011 2012–2015 5 5 25 20 100– construction start Vattenfall / Sweden Offshore Wind (wpd) / Vattenfall Vattenfall Vattenfall wpd E.ON Schweden E.ON Schweden E.ON Schweden wpd Vattenfall E.ON Schweden wpd E.ON Schweden Acciona Finngrunden Offshore AB (wpd) Statiol Hydro / Siemens - fl oating foundationSiemens - fl / Statiol Hydro 2009 Havsul / Tafjord KraftTafjord Produksjon Havsul / KraftTafjord Produksjon Havsul / Havsul / Tafjord KraftTafjord Produksjon Havsul / Energía Hidroeléctrica de Navarra Hidroeléctrica Energía (EHN) StatoilHydro (17 %), Lyse Energi (12 %), Norwind %), Lyse (12 Energi StatoilHydro (17 %), E.Borgen %), Inocean (25 %), Statkraft (3 (3 Group %), Bergen ve (9 Eiendom %), Gyldenl (23 %) %), Others (6 (2 OCEANwind / OWEC StatoilHydro(17 %), Lyse Energi (12 %), Norwind %), Lyse (12 Energi StatoilHydro(17 %), E.Borgen %), Inocean (25 %), Statkraft (3 (3 Group %), Bergen ve Eiendom (9 %), Gyldenl (23 %) %), Others (6 (2 %)), Norwind %)), Lyse (12 Energi StatoilHydro (17 %), E.Borgen %), Inocean (25 %), Statkraft (3 (3 Group %), Bergen ve Eiendom (9 %), Gyldenl (23 %) %), Others (6 (2 Operator/developer ARTNER FOR FFSHORE PERATIONS P OO Kriegers Flak II Kriegers Trolleboda Karlskrona III Klocktärnan I midjösbanken Södra II midjösbanken Södra III midjösbanken Södra Stora Middelgrunden Storgrundet Taggen Uttgrunden II Fladen Flak Groves Kaerehamm Finngrunden Cadiz hywind havsul II havsul III havsul havsul I havsul Cape Trafalgar Sway Phase 2 Sway Sørlig nordsjøen/Aegir Sway Prototype Sway Phase 1 Sway Project name Project 10 17 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 SWEdEn SPAIn nORWAy no S S S 8 S 9 S S S S S S S S 5 S 6 S 7 S 4 E 1 E 2 N 5 N 3 N 4 N 2 N 8 N 9 N 6 N 7 WIKING Helikopter Service GmbH Flugplatz Mariensiel, D-26452 Sande TelFax +49URL (0)4421 299 - +49 0 (0)4421E-Mail 299 www.wiking-helikopter.de - 250 [email protected] Country 50 | The Magazine #2 | The ore Offsh

Service Offshore #2 | The Magazine

WeserWind GmbH Your No. 1 Choice for Offshore Foundations Our products: metmast systems tripod substructures jacket substructures tripile substructures transformer stations costumized offshore solutions construction, installation, service

Bremerhaven (photo above): Serial production of substructures for offshore wind turbines Loading capacities of over 1200 t per unit Direct access to deep water; conveniently located for UK business relations Storing capacities for a one-year production volume

Wilhelmshaven: Construction of complete transformer stations Capacities for structures of 50 m x 50 m and a weight of up to 2500 t Direct access to deep water; conveniently located for UK business relations

WeserWind GmbH Offshore Construction Georgsmarienhütte Am Lunedeich 158 [email protected] Phone: +49 (0)471 902628-10 51 27572 Bremerhaven Fax: +49 (0)471 902628-11 www.weserwind.de

Vorschlag_A.indd 1 17.02.2009 12:54:42 Uhr Offshore #2 | The Magazine

“We will produce the first prototypes for the 6M offshore turbines at the end of 2009,” says Managing Director Lars Weigel. “Because we are able to produce both onshore and offshore blades in our facilities, we don’t have any capacity utilisation problems if the offshore projects get delayed. We can shut down the onshore capacities if we need them to produce the offshore rotor blades.”

52 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Wind generates Work

Counting only the major companies, offshore wind power has created nearly 3,000 jobs in recent years. In particular, the state governments of Bremen/Bremerhaven and Lower Saxony have sought to provide land and infrastructure for new businesses. What has not been counted are the many jobs in small and medium-sized regional service providers and suppliers.

Emden Cuxhaven

Cuxhaven

Stade

StadeStade PN Rotor Bremerhaven

Bremerhaven Emden Nordenham

Lüneburg

Nordenham Bremen/Oldenburg metropolitan region

Company ProductHannover provide new jobs Braunschweig Bremerhaven AREVA Multibrid Windturbine 150 Osnabrück Powerblades Rotorblades 400 REpower Systems Windturbine 180 WeserWind Foundations 275 Deutsche WindGuard Windtunnel Centre Research for rotorblades 20 Bremerhaven Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Research for rotorblades and foundations 80 and Energy System Technology IWES Cuxhaven Ambau Tower Göttingen 200 Cuxhaven Steel Construction Foundation 200 Ed. Zueblin Foundation 500 Emden Bard Group Windturbine, Rotorblades, operating Offshore-Windfarms 1,000 Nordenham Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke Offshore Grid 100 Stade PN Rotor Rotorblades (AREVA Multibrid) 75 Summary: 2,980 Numbers are based on current company informations

53 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

New ships for offshore installation

Installation vessels, or the lack of them, will be a bottleneck in the construction of offshore wind farms in the years ahead. This is why a number of companies have decided to become independent of shipping companies by acquiring their own vessels. However, ship lenders are also expanding the range of ships on offer. Here is an overview of new developments. Source: Beluga Hochtief Offshore Hochtief Beluga Source:

In operation/In operation up to 2010

Crane Vessel Owner Crane capacity [tons] Water depth Type Completion [m] 1 Thialf Heerema Marine Contractors 14.200 (2 x 7100) Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 2 Saipem 7000 Saipem 14.000 (2 x 7000) Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 3 Svanen Ballast Nedam 9000 Katamaran in Betrieb 4 Hermod Heerema Marine Contractors 8100 (1 x 4500 1 x 3600) Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 5 Balder Heerema Marine Contractors 6300 (1 x 3600 1 x 2700) Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 6 Borealis Nordic Heavy Lift 5000 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 7 Oleg Strashnov Seaway Heavy Lifting 5000 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 8 DB 50 J. Ray McDermott 3992 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 9 Rambiz Scaldis 3300 Katamaran in Betrieb 10 Asian Hercules II Smit 3200 (4 x 825 + 4 x 825) Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 11 DB 101 J. Ray McDermott 3175 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb

54 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Crane Vessel Owner Crane capacity [tons] Water depth Type Completion [m] 12 DB 30 J. Ray McDermott 2800 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 13 Sapura 3000 Sapura/Acergy 2700 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 14 Stanislav Yudin Seaway Heavy Lifting 2500 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 15 Saipem 3000 Saipem 2177 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 16 Matador 3 Bonn & Mees 600 + 1500 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 17 Sea Jack A2Sea/Dong 1300 30 Jack up in Betrieb 18 Samson Otto Wulf 900 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 19 Jumbo Javelin Jumbo Offshore 2 x 800 Heavy-weight vessel in Betrieb 20 Taklift 4 SMIT 2 x 700 + 2 x 400 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb 21 ENAK Bugsier-, Reederei- und 600 Semi-submersible floating platform in Betrieb Bergungsgesellschaft 22 Lisa-A Smit 600 33 Jack up in Betrieb 23 Lisa-A Smit 600 33 Jack up in Betrieb 24 Windlift 1 Bard Engineering 500 45 Jack up 2009 25 Sea Energy A2Sea/Dong 400 25 Jack up in Betrieb 26 Sea Power A2Sea/Dong 400 25 Jack up in Betrieb 27 Odin Hochtief Construction 300 35 Jack up in Betrieb 28 Titan 2 Siemens 300 40 Jack up in Betrieb 29 Mayflower Resolution MPI 300 35 Jack up in Betrieb 30 JB-114 Jack-up Barge 280 50 Jack up in Betrieb 31 JB-115 Jack-up Barge 280 50 Jack up in Betrieb 32 Seacore Excalibur Seacore 220 35 Jack up in Betrieb 33 OSA Goliath Coastline Maritime 1600 Monohull 2009 34 Seajacks Kraken GustoMSC 300 Lift Boat 2009 35 Leviathan GustoMSC 300 Lift Boat 2009 36 Nordic Heavy Lift Nordic Heavy Lift 5000 Monohull 2010 37 L 205 Master Marine 2 x 750 50 Jack up 2010 38 Thor Hochtief Construction 500 50 Jack up 2010 39 Seafox 7 GustoMSC 700 45 Jack up in Betrieb 40 Pauline (SEA-900) GustoMSC variable load 1100 30 Jack up in Betrieb 41 Buzzard GeoSea/Deme variable load 1400 40 Jack up in Betrieb 42 Goliath GeoSea/Deme variable load 2000 50 Jack up in Betrieb 43 Vagant (SEA-800) GustoMSC variable load 1000 30 Jack up in Betrieb 44 Seaworker (SEA-2000) GustoMSC variable load 1600 40 Jack up in Betrieb 45 Wind (NG-600) GustoMSC variable load 550 25 Jack up in Betrieb

Installation Vessels in planning 1 L 206 Master Marine 2 x 750 50 Jack up 2011 2 Ed. Züblin Offshore Ed. Züblin 8000 Semi-submersible floating platform 2011 Carrier 3 MV Discovery MPI/Vroon 1000 40 Jack up 2011 4 MV Adventure MPI/Vroon 1000 40 Jack up 2011 5 Upstalsboom Prokon Nord 1400 + 500 50 Jack up 2011 6 Beluga Hochtief Beluga Hochtief Offshore 1700 50 Jack up 2012 Offshore 7 Seabreeze 1 RWEI (RWE Innogy) 800 >45 Jack up 2011 8 Seabreeze 2 RWEI (RWE Innogy) 800 >45 Jack up 2012 9 Windlift 2 Bard Engineering 500 45 Jack up 2011 10 NG-2000 GustoMSC 300 40 Jack up 11 NG-4000 GustoMSC variable load 2750 45 Jack up 12 NG-7500-HPE GustoMSC 800 45 Jack up 13 NG-9000-HPE GustoMSC 800 45 Jack up 14 New build (SEA-2000) GustoMSC variable load 1600 40 Jack up 15 Windcarrier Windcarrier/Fred Olsen 800 45 Jack up 2012

55 Offshore #2 | The Magazine Wind turbines for the high seas

Wind turbines installed offshore are much larger and more powerful than those erected on land. The high cost of support structures needed in waters that are 40 metres deep or more makes them too expensive for smaller turbines. Turbines in the two-megawatt class are used only in projects closer to shore, but there are no such sites in Germany’s territorial North Sea. Turbine manufacturers are now designing bigger turbines for deeper waters, with capacities between 6.5 and 10 MW.

BARD Type Bard 5.0 Capacity 5 MW Rotor diameter 122 metres Weight of nacelle without rotor blades 280 tons Weight of three rotor blades 75 tons Siemens Installed turbines 3 SWT 3-6 Number of offshore turbines 1 nearshore Type 3.6 MW Planned for construction by 2010 80 Bard Offshore 1 Capacity 107 metres Offshore turbines planned 3,000 MW Rotor diameter 125 tons Type Offshore Weight of nacelle without rotor blades 75 tons Weight of three rotor blades 103 Installed turbines 103 Areva Multibrid M5000 Number of offshore turbines Type 140 5 MW Planned for construction Capacity 116 metres by 2010/2011 Offshore and onshore Rotor diameter 260 tons Type Weight of nacelle without rotor blades 49.5 tons Weight of three rotor blades 10 Installed turbines 6 Number of offshore turbines 80 Global Tec I Planned for construction 21 Côte d’Albâtre by 2011/2012 Offshore only Type

56 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

REpower Type 5 M Capacity 5 MW Rotor diameter 126 metres Weight of nacelle without rotor blades 380 tons Weight of three rotor blades 54 tons Installed turbines 17 Number of offshore turbines 2 Beatrice, 6 Thornton Bank Planned for construction by end of 2009 6 Offshore turbines 84 planned for 2010/2011 Type BARD Offshore and onshore Type Bard 5.0 Capacity 5 MW VESTAS Rotor diameter 122 metres Type Weight of nacelle without rotor blades 280 tons Capacity V90 Weight of three rotor blades 75 tons Rotor diameter 3 MW Installed turbines 3 Weight of nacelle without rotor blades 90 metres Number of offshore turbines 1 nearshore Weight of three rotor blades 70 tons Planned for construction by 2010 80 Bard Offshore 1 Installed turbines 41 tons Offshore turbines planned 3,000 MW Number of offshore turbines 500 Type Offshore Planned for construction 126 by end of 2010/2011 210 REpower Type Offshore and onshore Type Capacity 6 M Rotor diameter 6 MW Weight of nacelle without rotor blades 126 metres Weight of three rotor blades 380 tons Installed turbines 54 tons Number of offshore turbines 3 in WP Westre Planned for construction 0 by end of 2009 - Type Offshore and onshore Note: Offshore turbines with less than 3.0 MW output power have not been taken into considera- tion. At the time of going to press no data was available for the larger turbines planned by Bard and Clipper.

57 OffshAnzeigeore #2HansaTec | The Magazine 90_275 26.05.2009 14:09 Uhr Seite 1

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58 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

New Power Grid for Offshore Power

Transpower stromübertragungs gmbh (former E.ON Netz) is provid- The grid link for alpha ventus was completed early in 2009 ing the power link from the first wind farms in theN orth Sea to the main- (through a 110-kilovolt three-phase link). The power line from the land grid. A legal framework for this task was set by the Infrastructure wind farm to the feed-in point at the new Hagermarsch transformer Planning Acceleration Act passed on 24 November 2006. Under this law, station (near the city of Aurich) is about 70 kilometres long. It runs grid operators on the coast must see to linking wind farms off the coast, via the island Norderney and the Wadden Sea National Park of Lower “power points at sea”, with the mainland. E.ON and Vattenfall are re- Saxony. Strict conservation regulations were imposed during con- sponsible for this in grid linkage in Germany’s North- and Baltic Sea area. struction to ensure there was no threat to plants and animals in the Since 2007, Transpower has commissioned labour and construction reserve. The offshore transformer station, where power from 12 worth more than 400 million euros to connect wind farms like alpha wind turbines is collected, has been in place since September 2008. ventus and Bard Offshore 1 to the grid. To reduce conduction losses, a 200-kilometre high-voltage DC transmission line was built from the 400 MW Bard Offshore 1 wind farm – a world premiere. Alternating current is converted to direct current at the wind farm’s transformer platform and then converted back to alternating current on land. The entire transmission system has been designed to link several wind farms. Monitoring and control Safeguarding offshore power generation requires remote monitoring and control capability on land. BTC, an IT consultant firm located in Oldenburg and member of WAB, negotiated a contract with the alpha ventus project to create an integrated IT network for individual turbines manufactured by REpower and Multibrid; this also covers process monitoring and control from a control room, and integrates technical management as well, whether for planning, administration or the documentation of maintenance done on wind turbines and transformer platforms. This system is entirely new in the market. Although individual turbines have software tailored especially for technical monitoring, a plan for the alpha ventus project which allowed overall manufacturer-independent control and management had to be set in place to optimise turbine management and ensure that power be reliably fed into the grid.

59 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

A strong footing for high towers

The optimisation of the foundations has been driving the engineers the ground, are the best solution. For greater water depths and larger since the initial concept sketches for offshore wind farms. The steel turbines with 5 MW or more – especially in the German North Sea – vari- and concrete footings have to provide a secure foothold while being as ous types of multi legs were developed. Depending on the steel price, cost-effective to manufacture and assemble as possible. This leads to assembly technology and philosophy, companies started using different various solutions for different wind farms: For a long time, the simplest models. Most recently, engineers have also been using gravity founda- case was so-called gravity foundations where the extended tower of the tions for wind turbines with 5 MW and more. With their 4500 tons these wind turbine was anchored into the seabed via a concrete base. With concrete footings now weigh more than five express train railcars. For ever larger turbines and increasing water depths, engineers discovered water depths beyond the 50 meter mark, new systems are being created that monopiles, where the extension of the tower is driven directly into which allow for a floating attachment of the wind turbines.

Tripile Cuxhaven Steel Construction Jacket WeserWind

60 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Installed foundations/dimensions depend on projects

Foundation Company Project Water depth [m] Hight [m] Diameter ground [m] Weight [tons] Monopile Per Aarsleff/Bilfinger Berger Horns Rev II 9 – 17 28 – 40 3.9 150 – 210 Tripile Cuxhaven Steel Hooksiel/ 45 25 22 500 Construction CSC Bard Offshore 1 Jacket WeserWind Prototype - 57 17 320 Bremerhaven Gravity Base C-Power Thornton Bank 30 44 23.5 3,000 Foundation 1 Gravity Base Hochtief Construction Lillgrund 4 – 8 13.3 19 1,400 Foundation 2 Tripod Aker Solution alpha ventus 30 30 20 500 Floating StatoilHydro Hywind 220 100 8.3 5,300 Foundation Foto: Offshore-Stiftung/Multibrid/JanFoto: , 2009 Oelker

Gravity Base Foundation 1 C-Power

Gravity Base Foundation 2 Hochtief Construction Tripod Aker Solution

61 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Movement on the coast

With production focussed around The new Klimahaus ® 8° Ost seems to float pacity of a large nuclear power plant each year. like a balloon over the Bremerhaven seaside. Suppliers such as SGL Rotec and WeserWind Bremerhaven, Emden and Cux- Whether by accident or design, the city which Offshore Construction Georgsmarienhütte are for several years has been bustling with growth also here. The research community has most haven, Germany’s north-western from an ever-increasing number of businesses recently been joined by Deutsche WindGuard in the wind industry now has a futuristic cen- with its wind tunnel, and the Fraunhofer Insti- region can supply almost every- tre to experience climate change and the need tute for Wind Energy and Energy System Tech- for climate protection. Meanwhile, climate nology (IWES), with a test facility for 70-metre thing the offshore wind energy protection on a wholly practical level thrives rotor blades. In 2010 a second test facility will in the Luneort industrial area, where REpower be built for blades of the future – 90 metres industry requires. and Multibrid factories are located within long and with blade weights of up to 50 tons. sight of each other. These are two of only three Bremerhaven’s harbour, the vital link between manufacturers in the world who build wind manufacturers’ production facilities and off- turbines with a rated power of five MW or more. shore construction sites, has also seen de- Together they intend to produce at least 200 velopment. Since the summer of 2009, quays turbines in the multi-megawatt class each for heavy loads have become available at the year. If the annual rated power of this capac- fishing port, enabling manufacturers to ship ity is added together, the offshore industry in out nacelles, tower segments and foundations Bremerhaven alone provides more than the ca- weighing several hundred tons.

62 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Mayor Arno Stabbert Cuxhaven – investment in the Offshore Basis

The Offshore Basis Cuxhaven has developed at a fast pace in the past two years. Since 2006, the State of Lower Saxony, with EU support, has invested more than 80 million euros in infrastructure for the Offshore Basis, and there have also been more than 100 million euros of private investment. Close to the port, where a few months ago sheep were still grazing on the dyke, the site is now home to AMBAU and Cuxhaven Steel Construction production facilities.

The new offshore terminal was built next to production sites on the Elbe river at a point deep enough for ocean- going ships. The offshore terminal was planned and built in just 18 months by Niedersachsen Ports. Officially opened on 20 March 2009, this is the first port anywhere on the entire North Sea coast to be designed specially for shipping large offshore foundations, towers and other components.

At the nearby offshore heavy load platform on the Europakai quay, which was completed in early 2008, the first offshore foundations have already been loaded onto ships. The FINO 3 research platform was also loaded from the heavy load platform in early 2009. The heavy load platform offers excellent capabilities for all construction logistics needed for offshore wind farms in the North Sea.

The port infrastructure for the offshore industry in Cuxhaven prompted Ed. Züblin to begin building facilities to mass produce gravity foundations from late 2009 onwards. The arrival of Ed. Züblin and other businesses in the offshore industry will help create at least 1,500 new jobs in Cuxhaven by 2013. Located only 40 kilometers from eachother, Bremerhaven and Cuxhaven together form the heart of offshore wind development in Germany.

Emden and Cuxhaven have also seen massive expansion in their offshore industries. Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke (NSW), across from Bremerhaven in Nordenham, has invested some 40 million euros in a new production facility for submarine cables sited directly on the bank of the Weser river. From here, submarine cables can be moved directly to a special cable ship. Since early 2009, hundreds of workers have been manufacturing cables for the alpha ventus wind farm’s internal linkage, Roedsand 2 (expansion of Nysted/E.ON) in the Danish Baltic, and Bard Offshore 1 in the North Sea. NSW in 2009 also supplied the island of Heli- goland with its first link to the mainland grid in Schleswig-Holstein. NSW has invested in a cable-laying platform, the NOSTAG 10, used in projects to lay submarine cables.

63 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Connecting you

64 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

ABEKING & RASMUSSEN

Since 2002, the Wind Energy Agency Bremerhaven/ Bremen (WAB), which is partly funded by the City of Bremen, has formed a network of businesses, researchers and public authorities in the wind energy industry. More than 200 members have now joined the WAB network, and membership keeps growing.

Nearly all relevant businesses, institutes, government agencies and research institutes, from Emden to Hamburg and Cuxhaven to Hanover, are WAB members. The Wind Energy Agency is a networking resource and a door-opener. Anyone new to the region can contact locally based companies through the team at the WAB office. Established businesses use the events staged by WAB to exchange information and experience within the industry. The offshore wind energy conference organised by WAB, “Windforce – Direction Offshore”, has now become an established date in the event calendar of offshore companies in Germany and other countries.

Apart from offshore wind energy, WAB focuses on education and train- ing, the repowering of old wind turbines in northern Germany and the internationalisation of the industry. In addition to producing maga- WINDP K zines and brochures relating to its focus areas, WAB sends its members a regular newsletter with important wind energy news from the region The SWATH@A&R and the European offshore wind energy sector. Windpark Service Vessels. But there is one thing above all else that WAB offers its members – excellent connections with businesses and decision-makers in industry and public administration in the region.

www.abeking.com Offshore Technologies Contact WAB Windenergie-Agentur Bremerhaven/Bremen e.V. Jan Rispens, Managing Director Schifferstrasse 10-14 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany © composé communication © Phone: +49 (0)471/39177-0 Fax: +49 (0)471/39177-19 [email protected] www.windenergie-agentur.de

65 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Europe’s energy future

How electric cars and offshore wind power came together

Hamburg, 2030. The small cars of Hamburg’s moneyed classes are produce up to 220g of CO2 per kilometre,” as environmental organisa- swarming past the big power point on the bank of the Alster. It was tions calculated. That could have put an end to this new dawn for the around 20 years ago that the first legions of electrically powered cars electric car. But the association of German power generators had rec- produced by BMW, Volkswagen and Smart started to appear on Ger- ognised at the time that “wind energy alone would be able to replace many’s roads. Back then, there were only 1,436 electric cars out of a all petrol consumption in Germany.” Then some scientists came up with total of 41,183,594 registered vehicles. Most cars ran on petrol or die- the brilliant idea of making drivers buy all the fuel for the car at the sel – evil-smelling liquids with dubious origins and an absurdly bad time they purchased the car itself. Power grid operators realised that ecological balance. But the first oil price shock of the 21st century in this way, especially in the cities of northern Germany, they could finally forced the government to take a serious look at alternatives acquire customers who would be certain to buy surplus wind power. to this waste of resources. Electric cars seemed to offer a solution. The result is that today, in zero-emission cities such as Hamburg, no old- But studies quickly showed that “if additional electricity needs are fashioned combustion engine vehicles are allowed past the electronic generated from coal-fired power stations, an average electric car will city wall that keeps the polluting dinosaurs out.

66 Offshore #2 | The Magazine

Wind energy cluster in north west Germany

87 companies and institutes participate as „germanwind – Wind energy cluster in northwest Germany“ (germanwind) in the Cluster of Excellence competition organised by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

Project volume: 90 Million € Project timeframe: 2010 until 2015

Overall objectives: • Cost parity of wind energy on the wholesale energy market by 2015 • 30%-share of wind energy in the electricity supply by 2020

Areas of activity: • Increasing the efﬁ ciency of individual wind turbines • Integration of wind energy into the power supply structure • Opening new markets

Contact: The Wind Energy Agency Bremerhaven/Bremen (WAB) acts Windenergie-Agentur as the mandated partner of the germanwind cluster. The Bremerhaven/Bremen e.V. (WAB) cluster is coordinated in close cooperation with ForWind, the Schifferstraße 10-14 Centre for Wind Energy Research, the Offshore Wind Energy 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany Foundation and BIMAQ (Bremen Institute of Measurement Phone: +49 (0) 471 391770 Technology, Automation and Quality Science) at the University [email protected] of Bremen. www.germanwind.info The germanwind application is subsidised with EU funds: EUROPEAN UNION: Investment in your future – European Fund for www.germanwind.infoRegional Development

67 10

01 – 03 June 2010 in Bremerhaven, Germany

Each year, WAB organizes the German expert conference “WINDFORCE - DIRECTION OFFSHORE” held in Bremerhaven. It is here that developments in the offshore wind energy industry are presented, field trips to offshore companies are conducted, current offshore topics are discussed, contacts are established and information is exchanged.

42 international Speakers, 550 conference participants, 250 participants at the excursion trough the northwest Region 2009: 292 participants at the Maritime Wind dinner