Том 6. Вып. 1 Vol. 6. No. 1
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De Hooiwagens 1St Revision14
Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 CHARACTERISTICS OF HARVESTMEN ............................................................................................................................ 2 GROUPS SIMILAR TO HARVESTMEN ............................................................................................................................. 3 PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 3 BIOLOGY ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 LIFE CYCLE ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 MATING AND EGG-LAYING ........................................................................................................................................... 4 FOOD ............................................................................................................................................................................. 4 DEFENCE ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 PHORESY, -
Behavioral Roles of the Sexually Dimorphic Structures in the Male Harvestman, Phalangium Opilio (Opiliones, Phalangiidae)
1763 Behavioral roles of the sexually dimorphic structures in the male harvestman, Phalangium opilio (Opiliones, Phalangiidae) Rodrigo H. Willemart, Jean-Pierre Farine, Alfredo V. Peretti, and Pedro Gnaspini Abstract: In various animal species, male sexual dimorphic characters may be used during intrasexual contests as orna- ments to attract females, or to hold them before, during, or after copulation. In the well-known harvestman, Phalangium opilio L., 1758, the behavioral functions of these male sexually dimorphic structures have never been studied in detail. Therefore, in addition to a morphometric study, 21 male contests and 43 sexual interactions were analyzed. Our observa- tions revealed that during contests, the male cheliceral horns form a surface by which the contestants use to push each other face-to-face while rapidly tapping their long pedipalps against the pedipalps of the opponent, occasionally twisting the opponent’s pedipalp. Scanning electron micrographs revealed contact mechanoreceptors on the pedipalp that would de- tect the intensity–frequency of contact with the contender’s pedipalp. Larger males won almost all contests, whereas the loser rapidly fled. During sexual interactions, the longer pedipalps of the male held legs IV of the female, whereas males with shorter pedipalps held the female by legs III. No contact with the male pedipalps and chelicerae by the females was visible before, during, or after copulation. Soon after copulating, males typically bent over the female, positioning their cheliceral horns against the females’s dorsum. Consequently, our data show that the cheliceral horns and the longer pedi- palps of the male seem to play an important role, during both intersexual and intrasexual encountering. -
Anatomically Modern Carboniferous Harvestmen Demonstrate Early Cladogenesis and Stasis in Opiliones
ARTICLE Received 14 Feb 2011 | Accepted 27 Jul 2011 | Published 23 Aug 2011 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1458 Anatomically modern Carboniferous harvestmen demonstrate early cladogenesis and stasis in Opiliones Russell J. Garwood1, Jason A. Dunlop2, Gonzalo Giribet3 & Mark D. Sutton1 Harvestmen, the third most-diverse arachnid order, are an ancient group found on all continental landmasses, except Antarctica. However, a terrestrial mode of life and leathery, poorly mineralized exoskeleton makes preservation unlikely, and their fossil record is limited. The few Palaeozoic species discovered to date appear surprisingly modern, but are too poorly preserved to allow unequivocal taxonomic placement. Here, we use high-resolution X-ray micro-tomography to describe two new harvestmen from the Carboniferous (~305 Myr) of France. The resulting computer models allow the first phylogenetic analysis of any Palaeozoic Opiliones, explicitly resolving both specimens as members of different extant lineages, and providing corroboration for molecular estimates of an early Palaeozoic radiation within the order. Furthermore, remarkable similarities between these fossils and extant harvestmen implies extensive morphological stasis in the order. Compared with other arachnids—and terrestrial arthropods generally—harvestmen are amongst the first groups to evolve fully modern body plans. 1 Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK. 2 Museum für Naturkunde at the Humboldt University Berlin, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. 3 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to R.J.G. (email: [email protected]) and for phylogenetic analysis, G.G. (email: [email protected]). -
Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) from Talysh, with Description of a New Genus and Other Taxonomical Changes
Fragment a Faunistica 54 (1): 47-58,2011 PL ISSN 0015-9301 © MUSEUM AND INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY PAS Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) from Talysh, with description of a new genus and other taxonomical changes Nataly Yu. SNEGOV AY A* and Wojciech Staręga ** *ZooIogical Institute NAS of Azerbaijan, proezd 1128, kvartal 504, Baku, AZE1073, Azerbaijan; e- mail: snegovaya @yahoo. com **Institute of Biology, Life Sciences and Humanistic University, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: From the Talysh region in Azerbaijan 14 species of harvestmen were recorded during the field investigations of the senior author. One genus and species were new for science and one new for the region. Two names have to be synonymized and one species transferred to other genus. Key words: Opiliones, Talysh, Azerbaijan, Lenkoraniella nigricoxa, new species, new genus, new synonymy Introduction The mountainous region Talysh is the south-eastern part of Azerbaijan between 38°24' and 39°22' N and 47°58' and 48°52' E, with total area 5370 km2. It adjoins on the North with Mugan Steppe, on the East - with Caspian Sea and on the South and West it forms the border with Iran. Before our researches started only 12 harvestmen species were known from Talysh. The data of Morin (1937) repeated by Bogachev (1951): Acropsopilio talischensis Morin, Opilio coxipunctus (Sorensen), O. ejuncidus Thorell, O. lepidus L. Koch, O. consputus (Simon), O. pallens (Kulczyński), Zacheus bispinifrons Roewer, being either doubtful or simply incredible and the revision of the Morin’s material is impossible - there is nothing left (either destroyed before or during the War). -
Segmentation and Tagmosis in Chelicerata
Arthropod Structure & Development 46 (2017) 395e418 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Arthropod Structure & Development journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/asd Segmentation and tagmosis in Chelicerata * Jason A. Dunlop a, , James C. Lamsdell b a Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany b American Museum of Natural History, Division of Paleontology, Central Park West at 79th St, New York, NY 10024, USA article info abstract Article history: Patterns of segmentation and tagmosis are reviewed for Chelicerata. Depending on the outgroup, che- Received 4 April 2016 licerate origins are either among taxa with an anterior tagma of six somites, or taxa in which the ap- Accepted 18 May 2016 pendages of somite I became increasingly raptorial. All Chelicerata have appendage I as a chelate or Available online 21 June 2016 clasp-knife chelicera. The basic trend has obviously been to consolidate food-gathering and walking limbs as a prosoma and respiratory appendages on the opisthosoma. However, the boundary of the Keywords: prosoma is debatable in that some taxa have functionally incorporated somite VII and/or its appendages Arthropoda into the prosoma. Euchelicerata can be defined on having plate-like opisthosomal appendages, further Chelicerata fi Tagmosis modi ed within Arachnida. Total somite counts for Chelicerata range from a maximum of nineteen in Prosoma groups like Scorpiones and the extinct Eurypterida down to seven in modern Pycnogonida. Mites may Opisthosoma also show reduced somite counts, but reconstructing segmentation in these animals remains chal- lenging. Several innovations relating to tagmosis or the appendages borne on particular somites are summarised here as putative apomorphies of individual higher taxa. -
Cooption of an Appendage-Patterning Gene Cassette in the Head
Cooption of an appendage-patterning gene cassette in PNAS PLUS the head segmentation of arachnids Emily V. W. Settona and Prashant P. Sharmaa,1 aDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706 Edited by Nipam H. Patel, University of California, Berkeley, CA, and accepted by Editorial Board Member David Jablonski February 28, 2018 (received for review November 20, 2017) The jointed appendages of arthropods have facilitated the spec- ventral tissue. Ectopic expression of both Dmel–Sp6-9 and Dmel- tacular diversity and success of this phylum. Key to the regulation btd can induce wing-to-leg transformations, but Dmel–Sp6-9 has of appendage outgrowth is the Krüppel-like factor (KLF)/specific- a more important role in D. melanogaster leg fate specification, ity protein (Sp) family of zinc finger transcription factors. In the as Dmel–Sp6-9 can rescue double-null mutants, whereas Dmel- fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, the Sp6-9 homolog is activated btd cannot. In later development, both Dmel–Sp6-9 and Dmel-btd by Wnt-1/wingless (wg) and establishes ventral appendage (leg) are required for proper leg growth in larval stages (27, 28). fate. Subsequently, Sp6-9 maintains expression of the axial pat- Beyond D. melanogaster, gene expression surveys of Sp6-9 have terning gene Distal-less (Dll), which promotes limb outgrowth. In- demonstrated conservation of expression domains across insects and triguingly, in spiders, Dll has been reported to have a derived role one crustacean [all members of the same clade, Pancrustacea (29)]; as a segmentation gap gene, but the evolutionary origin and reg- taxonomically broader surveys of wg have shown broadly conserved ulation of this function are not understood because functional in- expression patterns across Arthropoda. -
Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas
Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number xx67 xx17 XXXX July 20182010 Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas James C. Cokendolpher and Robert G. Holmberg Front cover: Opilio parietinus in copula (male on left with thicker legs and more spines) from Baptiste Lake, Athabasca County, Alberta. Photograph by Robert G. Holmberg. SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Museum of Texas Tech University Number 67 Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas JAMES C. COKENDOLPHER AND ROBERT G. HOLMBERG Layout and Design: Lisa Bradley Cover Design: Photograph by Robert G. Holmberg Production Editor: Lisa Bradley Copyright 2018, Museum of Texas Tech University This publication is available free of charge in PDF format from the website of the Natural Sciences Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University (nsrl.ttu.edu). The authors and the Museum of Texas Tech University hereby grant permission to interested parties to download or print this publication for personal or educational (not for profit) use. Re-publication of any part of this paper in other works is not permitted without prior written permission of the Museum of Texas Tech University. This book was set in Times New Roman and printed on acid-free paper that meets the guidelines for per- manence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Printed: 17 July 2018 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University, Number 67 Series Editor: Robert D. Bradley Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas James C. -
Arthropod Phylogeny Based on Eight Molecular Loci and Morphology
letters to nature melanogaster (U37541), mosquito Anopheles quadrimaculatus (L04272), mosquito arthropods revealed by the expression pattern of Hox genes in a spider. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, Anopheles gambiae (L20934), med¯y Ceratitis capitata (CCA242872), Cochliomyia homi- 10665±10670 (1998). nivorax (AF260826), locust Locusta migratoria (X80245), honey bee Apis mellifera 24. Thompson, J. D., Higgins, D. G. & Gibson, T. J. CLUSTALW: Improving the sensitivity of progressive (L06178), brine shrimp Artemia franciscana (X69067), water ¯ea Daphnia pulex multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-speci®c gap penalties and weight (AF117817), shrimp Penaeus monodon (AF217843), hermit crab Pagurus longicarpus matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 4673±4680 (1994). (AF150756), horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus (AF216203), tick Ixodes hexagonus 25. Foster, P. G. & Hickey, D. A. Compositional bias may affect both DNA-based and protein-based (AF081828), tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (AF081829). For outgroup comparison, phylogenetic reconstructions. J. Mol. Evol. 48, 284±290 (1999). sequences were retrieved for the annelid Lumbricus terrestris (U24570), the mollusc 26. Castresana, J. Selection of conserved blocks from multiple alignments for their use in phylogenetic Katharina tunicata (U09810), the nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans (X54252), Ascaris analysis. Mol. Biol. Evol. 17, 540±552 (2000). suum (X54253), Trichinella spiralis (AF293969) and Onchocerca volvulus (AF015193), and 27. Muse, S. V. & Kosakovsky Pond, S. L. Hy-Phy 0.7 b (North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, 2000). the vertebrate species Homo sapiens (J01415) and Xenopus laevis (M10217). Additional 28. Strimmer, K. & von Haeseler, A. Quartet puzzlingÐa quartet maximum-likelihood method for sequences were analysed for gene arrangements: Boophilus microplus (AF110613), Euhadra reconstructing tree topologies. -
WCO-Lite: Online World Catalogue of Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones)
WCO-Lite: online world catalogue of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Version 1.0 Checklist of all valid nomina in Opiliones with authors and dates of publication up to 2018 Warning: this paper is duly registered in ZooBank and it constitutes a publication sensu ICZN. So, all nomenclatural acts contained herein are effective for nomenclatural purposes. WCO logo, color palette and eBook setup all by AB Kury (so that the reader knows who’s to blame in case he/she wants to wield an axe over someone’s head in protest against the colors). ZooBank register urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B40334FC-98EA-492E-877B-D723F7998C22 Published on 12 September 2020. Cover photograph: Roquettea singularis Mello-Leitão, 1931, male, from Pará, Brazil, copyright © Arthur Anker, used with permission. “Basta de castillos de arena, hagamos edificios de hormigón armado (con una piscina en la terraza superior).” Miguel Angel Alonso-Zarazaga CATALOGAÇÃO NA FONTE K96w Kury, A. B., 1962 - WCO-Lite: online world catalogue of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Version 1.0 — Checklist of all valid nomina in Opiliones with authors and dates of publica- tion up to 2018 / Adriano B. Kury ... [et al.]. — Rio de Janeiro: Ed. do autor, 2020. 1 recurso eletrônico (ii + 237 p.) Formato PDF/A ISBN 978-65-00-06706-4 1. Zoologia. 2. Aracnídeos. 3. Taxonomia. I. Kury, Adriano Brilhante. CDD: 595.4 CDU: 595.4 Mônica de Almeida Rocha - CRB7 2209 WCO-Lite: online world catalogue of harvest- men (Arachnida, Opiliones). Version 1.0 — Checklist of all valid nomina in Opiliones with authors and dates of publication up to 2018 Adriano B. -
Irish Biodiversity: a Taxonomic Inventory of Fauna
Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna Irish Wildlife Manual No. 38 Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna S. E. Ferriss, K. G. Smith, and T. P. Inskipp (editors) Citations: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Section author (2009) Section title . In: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Cover photos: © Kevin G. Smith and Sarah E. Ferriss Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: N. Kingston and F. Marnell © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2009 ISSN 1393 - 6670 Inventory of Irish fauna ____________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................3 Methodology........................................................................................................................................................................3 -
Die Weberknechte Österreichs (Arachnida, Opiliones)
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Denisia Jahr/Year: 2004 Band/Volume: 0012 Autor(en)/Author(s): Komposch Christian, Gruber Jürgen Artikel/Article: Die Weberknechte Österreichs (Arachnida, Opiliones). 485-534 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Die Weberknechte Österreichs (Arachnida, Opiliones) Ch. KOMPOSCH & J. GRUBER Abstract: Harvestmen of Austria (Arachnida, Opiliones). 61 harvestman species belonging to 7 fam- ilies occur in Austria. The federal states of Austria show a quite different investigation intensity; the to- tal number of species ranges from 25 (Burgenland) to 53 (Carinthia). A short survey of the opiliono- logical history of research starts with SCHRANK in 1781. A characterisation of all species comprises syn- onyms, areal, horizontal and vertical distribution in Austria, ecological behaviour and aspects of nature conservation. Several synonyms could be clarified, and taxonomical and bionomical problems are de- scribed. German names are mentioned for all taxa for the first time (in cooperation with Jochen MARTENS); most species are illustrated by means of colour photos. Endemic species occurring within the national territory of Austria are Nemastoma schueüeri, N. (biden- uuum) relictum and Leiobunum subalpinum. Endemic species with small areals within the (predominant- ly) Eastern Alps are Mitostoma alpinum, Trogulus cisalpinus, hchyropsalis carli, 1. hadiji, I. helvetica, I. kol- lari, Megabunus armatus, M. lessera and Leiobunum roseum; mainly higher alpine species with an areal restricted to the Alps are Paranemaswma bicuspidatum, Dicranopalpus gasteinensis, Cyas annulatus and Mitopus glacialis. Sixteen valid taxa have their locus typicus in Austria: Histricostoma denapalpe, Astrobunus hellen (both surroundings of Innsbruck: Husslhof/Höttinger Berg, Tyrol), Holoscotolemon unicolor (Lienz, Eastern Ty- rol), Nemastoma (bidentatum) relictum (Kleinarltal: Tappenkarsee, Salzburg), N. -
Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas
S3 TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Natural Science Research Laboratory Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number 67 17 July 2018 Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas James C. Cokendolpher and Robert G. Holmberg Front cover: Opilio parietinus in copula (male on left with thicker legs and more spines) from Baptiste Lake, Athabasca County, Alberta. Photograph by Robert G. Holmberg. Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number 67 Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas James C. Cokendolpher and Robert G. Holmberg Layout and Design: Lisa Bradley Cover Design: Photograph by Robert G. Holmberg Production Editor: Lisa Bradley Copyright 2018, Museum of Texas Tech University This publication is available free of charge in PDF format from the website of the Natural Sciences Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University (nsrl.ttu.edu). The authors and the Museum of Texas Tech University hereby grant permission to interested parties to download or print this publication for personal or educational (not for profit) use. Re-publication of any part of this paper in other works is not permitted without prior written permission of the Museum of Texas Tech University. This book was set in Times New Roman and printed on acid-free paper that meets the guidelines for per¬ manence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Printed: 17 July 2018 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University, Number 67 Series Editor: Robert D. Bradley Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas James C.