The Astronomy Department Annual Report 2010

Chair: James Jackson Administrator: Laura Wipf

1

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary 5 Faculty and Staff 5 Teaching 6 Undergraduate Programs 6 Observatory and Facilities 8 Graduate Program 9 Colloquium Series 10 Alumni Affairs/Public Outreach 10 Research 11 Funding 12 Future Plans/Departmental Needs 13 APPENDIX A: Faculty, Staff, and Graduate Students 16 APPENDIX B: 2009/2010 Astronomy Graduates 18 APPENDIX C: Seminar Series 19 APPENDIX D: Sponsored Project Funding 21 APPENDIX E: Accounts Income Expenditures 25 APPENDIX F: Publications 27

Cover photo: An ultraviolet image of Saturn taken by Prof. John Clarke and his group using the Hubble . The oval ribbons toward the top and bottom of the image shows the location of auroral activity near Saturn’s poles. This activity is analogous to Earth’s borealis and aurora australis, the so-called “northern” and “southern lights,” and is caused by energetic particles from the trapped in Saturn’s magnetic field.

3

4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY associates authored or co-authored a total of 204 refereed, scholarly papers in the disciplines’ The Department of Astronomy teaches science to prestigious journals. hundreds of non-science majors from throughout the university, and runs one of the largest astronomy degree The funding of the Astronomy Department, the Center programs in the country. Research within the for Space , and the Institute for Astrophysical Astronomy Department is thriving, and we retain our Research was changed this past . In previous , strong commitment to teaching and service. only the research centers received research funding, but last year the Department received a portion of this The Department graduated a class of twelve research funding based on grant activity by its faculty. undergraduates with a major concentration in astronomy After thorough study and close collaboration among the or astronomy and physics, and one with a minor in Chair and the center Directors, the Department and astronomy. Currently, 54 Boston University center budgets were established, and the result was undergraduates major in astronomy. Among university “business as usual” for our researchers. astronomy programs our program is among the largest in the US. Boston University continues its partnership with Lowell Observatory for 50% of the observing time on the 72- In our graduate program, we recruited an impressive inch Perkins Telescope near Flagstaff, Arizona. This incoming class of fourteen new students, bringing our telescope provides not only an important research total of new and ongoing astronomy graduate students to facility for large astronomical projects, but also an 53. Nine of our graduate students received their PhDs important educational facility for our students. An last year. The Boston University graduate program in exciting new research telescope, the Discovery Channel astronomy is also one of the largest in the country. Telescope is near completion at Lowell Observatory, and we are actively pursuing a partnership in this project. The Department had several noteworthy scientific This partnership would link Boston University with achievements. The Interstellar Boundary Explorer Discovery, Inc., and provide exciting opportunities (IBEX) satellite, whose Science Operations Center was throughout the University, not only in Astronomy, but hosted at Boston University by Prof. Nathan Schwadron also in the Schools of Education and Communications. and his group, discovered a ribbon of high energy neutral atoms in a ring around the sky. The ribbon In summary, the Department continues to thrive, serve, results from interactions between interstellar gas atoms lead, and prosper with a strong educational programs and the magnetic field at the “heliopause,” the outermost and an outstanding research program. We look forward limit of the system. Prof. Spence’s CRaTER to working with the College to find solutions to the instrument was placed in around the and Department’s pressing needs for a state-of-the-art successfully measured the cosmic ray radiation in the research telescope. lunar environment. FACULTY AND STAFF The Astronomy Department had an excellent year in securing research funds through grants to its main The Department of Astronomy currently has twenty-four research centers: the Center for Space Physics, the faculty members: sixteen academic faculty and eight Center for Integrated Modeling, and the research faculty. The full list of the Department’s Institute for Astrophysical Research. Last year faculty and staff is provided in Appendix A. The Astronomy Department researchers raised $31,821,720 astronomy faculty continues to provide outstanding or about $1,870,000 per teaching faculty, both among service to the nation and profession by serving on the highest for all units in CAS. Our faculty and research advisory committees for NASA and NSF, national

5 observatories, learned societies, and professional of the high school curriculum, these courses offer an journals. attractive opportunity for students wishing to experience a new field of science. Prof. Harlan Spence left the Department 2. Core Curriculum. The Astronomy Department in Januray 2010 to plays a key role in the Core Curriculum Natural Sciences take a prestigious course CC105 by providing two to three faculty new position as members each year. About 300 students per year enroll Director of the in this course. Institute for the Study of Earth, 3. Astronomy for majors. Our 200-400 level courses Oceans, and Space provide a rigorous technical education for students at the University of wishing a career in astronomy or a related field. About New Hampshire. 1/3 of our majors go on to graduate school in astronomy Prof. Spence was an or physics. Those who enter the workforce instead have outstanding faculty gained important skills in problem solving, mathematics, member here. He and physics. Many of these students find jobs where had a remarkable skills in analysis are highly sought. string of successful projects at Boston 4. Graduate-level astronomy. Our graduate University, such as the CRaTER instrument now in orbit program trains the next generation of astrophysicists and around the moon. He will be missed, and we wish him space physicists. Because of our department’s strong all the best in this new phase in his career. concentration in space physics research, our students are all required to take elementary courses in both The Astronomy Department conducted a search for new astrophysics and space physics. After passing the faculty members in Spring 2010, and I am very pleased qualifying exams, a student may choose advanced to report that two outstanding new professors, Paul courses in either field. Withers and Merav Opher, will be joining the Department next year. Dr. Withers specializes in the UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS structure of the atmosphere of Mars, and Dr. Opher in the structure of the magnetic fields surrounding the sun Director of Undergraduate Studies: and other . We are delighted to welcome our new Professor Wm. Jeffrey Hughes colleagues.

Divisional Studies Courses TEACHING In terms of number of students, the department’s largest teaching mission by far is to offer courses designed to Approximately 560 undergraduate students and 30 satisfy College divisional study requirements and similar graduate students per year enroll in astronomy courses. requirements within the other undergraduate schools and The Astronomy Department has three distinct suites of colleges of the University. courses to serve Boston University students: We offer five such 100-level courses. Two of these, AS 1. Astronomy for non-science majors. Undergraduate 101: The Solar System, and AS 102: The Astronomical non-science majors at Boston University usually take Universe, provide surveys of solar system astronomy our 100-level courses to fill the natural science and extra-solar system astronomy and carry laboratory distribution requirement. Since astronomy is rarely part credit. The other three, AS 100 Cosmic Controversies,

6 AS 109 Cosmology and AS 117 Cosmic Evolution, are The Core Curriculum more focused topical courses which do not carry In the spirit of promoting a true liberal arts education, laboratory credit. This year we offered eight sections of the Astronomy Department is committed to providing these courses: three sections of AS 101, two of AS 102, excellent science education to both science and non- and one each of AS 100, AS 109, and AS 117. AS 100 science majors. Since an increasing number of CAS (Cosmic Controversies), developed and taught by Prof. students choose to meet their science education Mendillo, is now in its second year. AS 100 focuses on requirements through the Core, the Department provides a few key, unresolved issues in modern astronomical a significant commitment to the physical science research, and is becoming one of our most popular component of the Core Curriculum, CC105. courses. Indeed, enrollments in AS100 have tripled from 24 in its first year to 71 in its second. In addition, One of our own faculty members, Professor Alan we offered two honors sections, which were run as Marscher, developed CC105 and served as its initial additions to regular courses. course coordinator for many years. Professor James Jackson has since served for nine years as course coordinator, and has continued the long tradition of Astronomy Department service and leadership in this important program. The Astronomy Department provides as many additional faculty members to this course as our other teaching commitments allow.

Typically, the Astronomy Department commits three lecturers per year to CC105.

This year, Professors Brainerd, Jackson, and Marscher staffed the Core Curriculum course. We anticipate another strong representation of astronomy faculty and Figure 1 indicates that the total 100-level enrollment was leadership in CC105 next academic year by providing 441 in 2009/2010. Of the students taking these courses, two lecturers, Profs. Jackson and Marscher. approximately 72% (316) were CAS students and 28% (125) were students from other schools and colleges. Undergraduates Concentrating in Astronomy The Department continues to have one of the largest and strongest undergraduate majors programs in astronomy in the country. In terms of bachelor’s degrees awarded in astronomy, Boston University ranks fifth in the US with an average of 11 graduates per year, behind U.C. Berkeley (18), Arizona (13), UCLA (12) and the University of Wisconsin Madison (12).

During the 2009/2010 academic year, 54 students (some of whom have declared an additional concentration) were declared as majors in one of the Department’s concentrations, and many additional students who expressed a strong interest in astronomy were being advised by an astronomy faculty member. The most Undergraduate Students in the Boston University popular concentration is Astronomy and Physics (42), Astronomical Society, BUAS, posing in the Boston Museum of Science’s Planetarium. followed by Geophysics and Planetary Sciences (7) and

7 Astronomy (5). These numbers are distributed fairly Since the course schedule for concentrations in evenly over the freshman to senior classes and remain astronomy is highly structured, advising must begin with comparable with last year’s distribution. the incoming class, sometimes even before they arrive on campus. Thus, freshman advising during the summer This year’s graduating class consisted of 12 students; 8 is critically important. We also carefully monitor received BAs in Astronomy and Physics, 2 in possible freshman concentrators during the first few Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, and 2 in Astronomy. days of classes in the fall to make sure all are taking the As has been the case now for many years, this class appropriate classes. We often recruit and advise highly- represents a significant fraction of the total number of qualified students from the Core and our 100-level Bachelor’s degrees awarded nationally. Current offerings; we have had growing success in recent years enrollments indicate that we will graduate nine or more of identifying excellent scholars and introducing them undergraduate students a year for the foreseeable future. into our program through these courses. Students who A list of our graduating class is provided in Appendix B. decide during their sophomore year to concentrate in astronomy provide us with our biggest advising Undergraduate Curriculum challenges, but the numbers are small enough that each The Department has recognized that in recent years the case can be dealt with carefully on an individual basis. enrollments in our traditional lab-based survey courses, AS 101 and 202, are declining, but the enrollments in We attempt to assign as many students as possible to our non-lab 100 level courses are increasing, especially their advisor from the previous year. This provides much in the new course AS 100, Cosmic Controversies, and in more continuity for the students, but requires faculty to AS 109, Cosmology. The Department has studied this be more aware of advising issues at all stages of our shift in enrollments and concluded that a major factor is program. Every faculty member who was here both the changing demographics of our undergraduate semesters acted as an undergraduate student advisor. population. In particular, a larger fraction of pre-med students are fulfilling their lab science distribution OBSERVATORY AND FACILITIES requirements in Physics and Chemistry. Thus, the Astronomy Department will offer fewer sections of AS 101 and 102, and develop new, topical 100-level courses. Courses under development are “Alien Worlds,” which will explore the rich variety of planets and in our own solar system and the explosion of new information about planets orbiting other stars, and “Cosmic Catastrophes,” which will explore violent events in the Universe, such as asteroid impacts, supernova explosions, and ray bursts. We plan to offer the first of these new 100-level courses in Spring 2011.

Undergraduate Advising The Coit Observatory at Boston University. Advising of students concentrating, or intending to concentrate, in one of the majors offered by the Observatory Improvements department is overseen by the Director of Undergraduate The disparity between our national departmental Studies, Professor Jeffrey Hughes. prominence and the poor quality of our teaching

observatory continues to be embarrassing, with negative impacts on recruitment efforts and alumni relations.

8 Although in 2006 we undertook some badly needed recipient in 2004, who was recently appointed to the cosmetic improvements to the observatory, including faculty at Stanford University. new interior walls, floor, and ceiling, we are nevertheless a long way from an acceptable facility. The metal walls This past year we added 6 new students to our graduate behind the new drywall are corroded, and the exterior student population, resulting in a current total of 39 new walls are rusted and peeling. and incoming students. Every graduate student is fully supported as either a teaching fellow or research Every Wednesday night we open the observatory to the assistant for the full 12 months. Teaching Fellows and public to view astronomical objects through our Research Assistants are listed in Appendix A. telescopes, and the face we present to the public is one of abject poverty. Many high schools and community colleges have better telescope facilities than ours. We will once again ask the University’s assistance in bringing the quality of our teaching observatory up to modern standards. We do thank the College for providing significant financial support in helping us upgrade our teaching telescope facilities.

GRADUATE PROGRAM

Director of Graduate Studies: Professor Meers Oppenheim Acting Director of Graduate Studies: Professor Supriya Chakrabarti Director of Graduate Admissions: Professor Nathan Graduate students Jan Marie Anderson, Chad Madsen, Schwadron and Laura Sturch posing in front of a Meteor Crater during an AS 710 Field Trip to Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, AZ. Overview Our graduate program remains vigorous. Of the thirty- nine PhD-granting astronomy programs in the country, Graduate Student Recruitment ours is above average in terms of the number of students Graduate student recruitment is critical to maintaining a and in the number of PhDs awarded. Our graduate vigorous graduate program. Competition for the best students continue to win student awards at national graduate students among the top schools is intense, and scientific conferences as well as highly-competitive we must expend considerable effort in attracting the best fellowships from federal agencies. Last year, for students to Boston University for their graduate study. example, Jan Marie Andersen was awarded a highly Our vigorous recruitment this year was highly prestigious National Science Foundation fellowship to successful. Nearly half of the students admitted into our study low-mass stars. Susanna Finn won an honorable PhD program accepted our offer, nearly twice as many mention for her poster at the meeting of the American as in a typical year. This remarkable success in Astronomical Society. A survey of our graduates who recruiting stems in large part from the enthusiastic earned PhDs in the past decade reveals a remarkable participation of our current graduate students in the degree of overall professional success. A significant recruitment process, and from the dedication and hard fraction of our PhD recipients already hold faculty and work of the graduate admissions committee, led by Prof. leadership positions at major research institutions. One Nathan Schwadron. Our incoming graduate class of the latest examples is Prof. Sigrid Close, a PhD numbers fourteen students, ensuring that the size of our

9 graduate program will be at its highest level ever. A list Our graduate program is small enough for the faculty of the incoming students is provided in the Appendix. collectively, once a year during a fall faculty meeting, to discuss the progress of each graduate student Graduate Curriculum individually. This process allows us to compare In 2006, the Department appointed a committee to assessments and experiences, to identify any potential review its graduate curriculum. The committee’s problems with individual students, and to suggest recommendations were approved by the faculty and solutions to the identified problems. in 2007/08 we began to implement some of their initial recommendations. In 2008/09, the new curriculum was reviewed and approved by the College. Last year we implemented the last of these changes by offering for the first time a new course,

AS 803, “Research Methods in Astronomical Data Analysis,” a 2-credit course introducing graduate students to modern approaches to data analysis in astrophysics and space physics. Prof. Dan Clemens taught this course for the first time in Spring 2009. The course was designed to teach our first-year Graduate Student Tony Case explains the results graduate students basic computer programming of the CRaTER instrument on NECN. skills, elementary image processing, and visualization techniques for astronomical datasets, using the high-level programming language COLLOQUIUM SERIES Interactive Data Language (IDL). Weekly seminar series in both Astrophysics and Space Graduate Advising Physics are held throughout the academic year. These Advising of graduate students was overseen by Prof. are run as graduate seminar courses by members of the Meers Oppenheim, Director of Graduate Studies (DGS), department faculty, and this year was financed by the and Prof. Supriya Chakrabarti, Acting Director of Astronomy Department. The lists of outstanding Graduate Studies. Incoming graduate students are speakers in both seminar series are provided in advised by the DGS, who continues to be their primary Appendix C. advisor until they select a research supervisor, usually no later than their first summer of graduate study. After this ALUMNI AFFAIRS/PUBLIC OUTREACH selection, the research advisor provides their primary advice. Nevertheless, all graduate student registrations Two annual public outreach/alumni highlights are our are countersigned by the DGS to ensure that students annual musical events performed by members and register for the appropriate courses, especially as they friends of the Department: “Astronomy Unplugged”, an prepare for the written component of the PhD qualifying informal, intimate concert of popular contemporary examination (the “Comps”). The DGS continues to music, and our “Musical Soiree”, a formal concert of monitor students’ progress throughout their graduate classical music held each spring in the Tsai Center. career, ensuring that they are making significant These open concerts build esprit de corps within the progress toward their degrees, and are satisfying all Department and are enjoyed by many more from within departmental, college, and university requirements. the larger BU community.

10 RESEARCH

The Department of Astronomy, through its affiliated research units, the Center for Space Physics (CSP), the Institute for Astrophysical Research (IAR), and the Center for Integrated Space Weather Modeling (CISM), has a robust and thriving research program. Every member of the faculty maintains a research program through external sponsored funding. Publication of scientific results continued at a brisk pace in the top journals of our fields.

Overall Summary The Department’s research accomplishments for 2009- 2010 are remarkable. Some highlights include:

Graduate student Christina Prested just after performing in the annual Musical Soiree.

Our most prominent outreach effort is our Public Open Nights held every clear Wednesday night in the Coit Observatory. This program is run by our department curator, Quinn Sykes along with members of the BUAS, and draws hundreds of visitors annually from the Greater Boston area. We stress that the quality of this popular program and other special events are limited by, and indeed ever threatened by, the poor physical state of the Coit Observatory. The attraction of our special events The “ribbon” of high energy neutral atoms discovered by IBEX. The image shows a map of to the general public and alumni stands in stark contrast the sky, and the colored region shows the location to our inability to deliver quality programs due to the of high-energy neutral atoms reaching the local limitations of our facility, demonstrating the urgent need environment from beyond the solar system. for a new observatory complex. -The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) satellite, Boston University graduate student Tony Case appeared whose Science Operations Center is hosted at Boston on NECN to explain the results of the CRaTER University by Prof. Nathan Schwadron and his group, instrument as it was placed in orbit around the Moon. successfully measured the distribution of high-energy neutral atoms entering local space from beyond the In addition, the Department hosted an alumni “ “heliopause,” the bubble-like region surrounding the sun party” at the observatory. This sold-out event was very and shaped by its magnetic field. The results were popular; thirty alumni looked through telescopes at utterly unanticipated. Unlike any theoretical predictions beautiful astronomical objects like the Moon, Saturn, the distribution of these high-energy atoms appeared as a Jupiter, and the Nebula “ribbon” of emission in a great circle across the sky. The image appeared on the covere of the prestigious journal Science.

11 -The Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of faculty member in the Astronomy Department is $1.8 M, Radiation (CRaTER), was launched inserted into its far more than for any other CAS department. final orbit around the moon as part of the Lunar Reconnaissance Observatory (LRO). This project, led As has been the case in past years, the majority of our by Prof. Spence, measured the intensity of cosmic rays research was supported by grants and contracts from near the Moon. These data will be very useful to assess three major federal agencies: the National Science the potential radiation hazard to future lunar astronauts. Foundation, NASA, and the Office of Naval Research. A full listing of funding received this year can be found in These highlights are the tip of the iceberg---more Appendix D. research done through the auspices of CISM, CSP, and IAR is described in more detail in their annual reports. Peer-Reviewed Publications Please read these three annual reports for a more The Department’s faculty, research associates, and comprehensive description. students continue to publish in the leading journals of our disciplines and to present their results at national and international meetings. This activity not only disseminates major new research results, but also helps to keep the Department’s research prominent within our research communities. Members of the Astronomy Department and its affiliated research centers published 204 articles in refereed journals during the reporting period. See Appendix F.

FUNDING

For the last decade the Astronomy Department was funded directly by the College of Arts and Sciences, and the Center for Space Physics (CSP) and the Institute for Astrophysical Research (IAR) were funded at a rate determined by the Indirect Cost (IDC) research Prof. Fritz, Principle Investigator, and Dr. Mavretic expenditures. Both CSP and IAR were funded at a rate (Project Engineer) standing by the three the Loss Cone Imager (LCI) instrument in the testing chamber of 22.5% of the IDC. Last year, however, the funding for EMI/EMC testing at National Technical Systems policy changed. The University lowered the research in Boxborough MA, in September 2009. funding based on IDC return for all research units by

20%. In addition, the IDC-based research funding was Research Funding shared between the CSP, IAR, and the Astronomy The Astronomy Department is very successful in raising Department, with the CSP and IAR receiving a rate of research funds. Compared with other science 10% of the IDC and the Astronomy Department 8% of departments at Boston University, for the past several the IDC. To ensure the success of both the research and years the Astronomy Department has had the largest the teaching missions, a budget committee was formed annual grant income ($11.7 M in FY2004, $12.6 M in to apportion the funds optimally among the stakeholders. FY2005, $11.2 M in FY2006, $14.1 M in FY2007, After close consultations between the Chair and the CSP $19.7 M in FY2008, $21.2 M in FY2009 and $31.8 M in and IAR Directors, a budget was established to facilitate FY 2010). This accomplishment is even more the scholarly and pedagogical work of our faculty and impressive considering the small size of our faculty. staff. The resulting budget (see Appendix E) required Indeed, the average grant income raised per teaching the Astronomy Department to contribute to the

12 administrative costs of the research centers. This A New Observatory Complex arrangement allowed for full support of the CSP and The physical condition of our on-campus teaching IAR research missions. The University is considering a observatory is shamefully poor and completely revision of future research funding mechanisms. We inconsistent with the national stature and high quality of look forward to working with the administration to find our educational and research programs. an optimal solution. Last year’s cooperative and collegial problem solving between the Department and The Coit Observatory on the roof of the CAS building is the research centers, however, demonstrates our ability arguably the department’s most important teaching to respond effectively and positively to organizational facility, serving hundreds of students per year. On changes, and we fully anticipate that whatever policy is Wednesday evenings we have for many years opened the ultimately decided, our researchers will continue to observatory to the public and they return with great thrive in a supportive environment. regularity in large number. This summer we are hosting an alumni event that will use the observatory. The FACULTY RETREAT observatory is necessarily a point of any tour of the department by prospective students or others. However, The Astronomy Department held a faculty retreat in several local area high schools have significantly better September 2009 at the secluded Essex Convention observatories than ours. Center in Essex, MA. The purpose of the retreat was to discuss self-governance and strategic planning in light of The appalling state of our observatory presents a public the revised funding policy for the department and image of squalor that is truly unacceptable to a modern centers. Cindy Zook, a professional facilitator familiar research university. What should and could be a with scientific organizations, presided over the retreat. crowning gem for the Astronomy Department, the CAS The retreat was remarkably successful. The faculty building, and the College and University, is instead an identified several goals, and arrived at concrete plans for ongoing embarrassment. implementing these goals. One important outcome of the retreat was the recognition that the department has We have made some cosmetic repairs to the observatory grown so large that it is difficult to keep track of the (dry wall and paint), but the fundamental problems department’s broad and diverse research. Accordingly, remain hidden. Behind the drywall the basic structure the Department will hold an annual internal symposium remains corroded and deteriorating. Our telescopes are to disseminate research information to our faculty, staff, antiquated and our equipment substandard. The outside and students. The first of these symposia will be held in walls remain cracked and peeling. In sum, the Fall 2010. observatory is the most public part of the department’s facilities yet it is our very poorest face.

FUTURE PLANS AND DEPARTMENTAL NEEDS If we are to teach astronomy divisional courses with a laboratory component that is to include access to the In order to remain competitive with other nationally night sky, and if we are to teach our majors and graduate prominent astronomy and space physics programs, the students modern observational astronomy, then we must Astronomy Department has several pressing needs. We build a new observatory. The new observatory should sorely need a new observatory complex. Office and lab include a museum to house our historically significant space is so scarce that we can no longer grow or take on antique astronomical telescopes and instruments. We significant new projects. If we are to compete with other envision also a planetarium/theatre and teaching labs in departments, we will also need to procure permanent addition to modern telescopic facilities. This new multi- access to a large telescope. million dollar facility would be a resource not only for the department, but also for the entire BU community.

13 Moreover, by freeing up departmental space currently To remain competitive, Boston University must secure used for teaching labs and classrooms, a new access to high-level, research-grade telescopes. A observatory would also help to solve our perennial growing trend in the field is for universities, or consortia space-shortage problem. of universities, to fund telescopes to provide guaranteed telescope time to their faculty. With the dwindling We look forward to working with Administration and funding of national telescope facilities, having one’s Development to resolve the long-outstanding and ever- own telescope is the only way to perform the worsening problem of our presently inadequate observations necessary to thrive. Furthermore, access to observatory. We are eager to work to identify funds telescopes is a prerequisite for funding astronomical and/or donors to make our vision for a new observatory instrumentation. We simply cannot compete unless we complex a reality. We hope that this visionary project gain access to a telescope of our own. will become a primary need presented to potential donors and a priority for BU capital investments.

A New Research Facility: the Discovery Channel Telescope While we are extremely grateful for the University’s efforts in securing access to the Perkins Telescope, we have always viewed the Perkins as an entry-level facility to allow Boston University to allow us to begin a program in instrumentation and to secure funding for long-term astronomy projects. Although the Perkins has

been exceedingly useful, it still falls well below the standards enjoyed by our competitors. Indeed, All of our peer astronomy departments (and many lower-tiered departments) have access to telescopes superior to the Perkins. Indeed, essentially every other astronomy department at a research university enjoys regular access to telescopes with over twice the collecting area Julie Moreau (CAS '11) and Meredith Bartlett (CAS '12) in as the Perkins telescope. front of Lowell Observatory’s Discovery Channel Telescope dome near Flagstaff, Arizona

The most attractive new research facility for our The only small research telescope on which Boston department is to join with Lowell Observatory in the University students and faculty are guaranteed observing time Discovery Channel Telescope, a new 4-meter optical and is the Perkins Telescope at Lowell Observatory near Flagstaff, infrared telescope under construction near Flagstaff, AZ. Arizona. This telescope would provide an excellent new facility that would match the research interests of many of our faculty. Moreover, securing time on the Discovery Channel Telescope would vastly improve

Discovery, Inc. and a personal donation by Discovery’s among CAS, COM, and SED deans and faculty are founder, John Hendricks to Lowell Observatory. The underway, and there is growing support and momentum telescope is nearly finished, and will begin scientific at Boston University for this project. The next step is to operations in the next year or two. Lowell Observatory work directly with Discovery and Lowell to explore the is actively seeking university partners. Given our long- opportunities in summer 2010 and present plans and standing partnership with Lowell for use of the Perkins opportunities to the University administration in autumn telescope, Boston University participation in the 2010. Discovery Channel Telescope would be a natural progression and a smooth transition in upgrading our We recognize that a large investment in astronomy research facilities. research may require a significant contribution from donors. We would be delighted to work with the A Boston University partnership with the Discovery College and University to help identify donors and to Channel Telescope would provide much more than a promote our telescope projects as an important research facility for astronomers. A partnership with University-wide priority. Discovery, Inc. would provide enormous benefits across the University. Discovery seeks a university partner to help foster its scientific education and outreach mission. Accordingly, this partnership provides exciting opportunities for faculty and students in our Schools of Communication and Education. Fruitful discussions

15 APPENDIX A: Faculty, Staff, and Graduate Students

Chair: Professor James Jackson Associate Chair: Professor W. Jeffrey Hughes Director of Graduate Studies: Professor Supriya Chakrabarti Director of Undergraduate Studies: Professor W. Jeffrey Hughes

Faculty Thomas Bania, Professor of Astronomy. AB, Brown University; MS, PhD, University of Virginia Elizabeth Blanton, Assistant Professor of Astronomy. AB, Vassar College; Ma, MPhil, PhD, Columbia University Tereasa Brainerd, Associate Professor of Astronomy. BSc, University of Alberta; PhD, The Ohio State University Kenneth Brecher, Professor of Astronomy. BS, PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Supriya Chakrabarti, Professor of Astronomy. BE, University of Calcutta; MS, PhD, University of California, Berkeley John Clarke, Professor of Astronomy. BS, Denison University; MA, PhD, John Hopkins University Dan Clemens, Professor of Astronomy. Bs, BS, University of California; MS, MS, PhD, University of Massachusetts Timothy , Associate Research Professor of Astronomy. BA, John Hopkins University, PhD, University of Colorado Nancy Crooker, Research Professor of Astronomy. BA, Knox College; MS, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles Theodore Fritz, Professor of Astronomy, Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Professor of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. BA, Virginia Polytechnic Institute; MS, PhD, University of Iowa. Charles Goodrich, Research Professor of Astronomy. BS, PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology W. Jeffrey Hughes, Professor of Astronomy. BSc, PhD, University of London James Jackson, Professor of Astronomy. BS, Pennsylvania State University; PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Kenneth Janes, Professor of Astronomy. AB, Harvard College; MS, San Diego State University; MA, MPhil, PhD, John Lyon, Research Professor of Astronomy. ScB, Brown University; PhD, University of Maryland Alan Marscher, Professor of Astronomy. BS, Cornell University; PhD, University of Virginia Michael Mendillo, Professor of Astronomy, Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. BS Providence College; MA, PhD, Boston University Meers Oppenheim, Associate Professor of Astronomy. BS, PhD, Cornell University Jack Quinn, Research Professor of Astronomy. BA, University of Colorado; MS, PhD, University of California, San Diego Nathan Schwadron, Associate Professor of Astronomy. BA, Oberlin College; PhD, University of , Ann Arbor George Siscoe, Research Professor of Astronomy. BS, PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Harlan Spence, Adjunct Professor of Astronomy. BA, Boston University; MS, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles Andrew West, Assistant Professor of Astronomy. BS, Haverford College; MS, PhD, University of Washington

Department Staff David Bradford, Systems Manager, BS, Indiana University Jeffrey Sanborn, Associate Systems Manager, BS, Boston University Quinn Sykes, Observatory Manager, BS, MS, University of North Carolina, Charlotte Laura Wipf, Department Administrator, BA, Boston University

16

Astronomy Graduate Students During 2009-2010

Name Affiliation Title Name Affiliation Title Ingolfur Agustsson IAR RA Majd Matta CSP RA Jan Marie Anderson IAR RA Sarah McGregor CISM RA Elizabeth Bass CSP RA Christopher Mendillo CSP RA Lauren Blum CSP RA Dylan Morgan IAR RA Carol Carveth CSP RA Jonathan Niehof CSP RA Anthony Case CSP RA Danielle Pahud CISM RA Lauren Cashman AST TA Michael Pavel IAR RA Christopher Claysmith IAR RA April Pinnick IAR RA Alexander Crew CSP RA Christina Prested CSP RA Meredtih Danowski CSP RA Patricio Sanhueza-Nunez IAR RA Ewan Douglas CSP RA Antonia Savcheva-Tasseva AST TA Edmund Douglas IAR RA Carl Schmidt CSP RA Susanna Finn IAR RA Laura Sturch AST TA Katherine Garcia CISM RA Nicholeen Viall CSP RA Paul Howell IAR RA Brian Walsh CSP RA Andrew Jordan CSP RA Suwicha Wannawichian CSP RA Ji Hyun Kim AST TA Joshua Wing IAR RA Kamen Kozarev CSP RA Pin Wu CSP RA Chad Madsen AST TA Monica Young IAR RA Michael Malmrose IAR RA

Incoming Graduate Students

Undergraduate Undergraduate Name Institution Name Institution Erin Arai Wesleyan University Nicholas MacDonald Saint Mary's University Dolon Bhattacharyya Ethiraj College for Women Jordan Montgomery Gordon College Kathryn Fallows Colgate University Rachel Paterno-Mahler Claremont Zachary Girazian San Diego State University Terri Scott New York University Sadia Hoq Boston University Jillian Tromp Drexel University David Jones Boston University Karen Williamson Ohio University Christina Kay U. of California, Berkeley Mark Zastrow U. of Minnesota

17 APPENDIX B: 2009/10 Astronomy Graduates

MASTER OF ARTS

Name Advisor Dipesh Bhattarai Alan Marscher Alexander Crew Harlan Spence Michael Malmrose Alan Marscher Aslihan Unsal

BACHELOR OF ARTS

Name Concentration Alexander Boyd Astronomy and Physics, with distinction, cum laude Mollie Celnick Geophysics and Planetary Sciences Zenas Chan Astronomy and Physics Samuel Geophysics and Planetary Sciences; Astronomy Ian Cohen Astronomy and Physics, with distinction Sadia Hoq Astronomy and Physics, with distinction; Economics David Jones Astronomy, magna cum laude Angela Latona Astronomy Anthony Lollo Astronomy and Physics, summa cum laude Andrew Menz Astronomy and Physics Nicholas Slowey Astronomy and Physics, with distinction, cum laude Glenn Sugar Astronomy and Physics, with distinction, summa cum laude

18 APPENDIX C: Seminar Series

Center for Space Physics Seminar Series, 2009/2010

Date Title Speaker/Affiliation 10-Sep Ionospheric Effects of Intense Lighting Discharges Robert Marshall Stanford University 17-Sep Anatomy of a Magnospheric Flux Tube Joshua Semeter Boston University 1-Oct Earth Ring Current: Global Imaging & Global Modeling Natalia Buzulukova NASA Goddard 8-Oct Probing the Inter-Galactic Medium with the Cosmic Origins Spectograph James Green University of Colorado 15-Oct Early Results from the LRO Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation Harlan Spence (CRaTER) Boston University 22-Oct A Discussion on Timothy Cook Boston University 29-Oct Nature vs. Nurture: Exploring the reasons behind compositional differences in comet Walter Harris nuclei and the role of solar weathering in driving them. University of California 5-Nov The Lower Thermosphere and Wave Coupling from Below Gary Swenson University of Illinois 12-Nov A Powerful New Imager for HST: Performance and Early Results of Wide Field Randy Kimble Camera 3 NASA Goddard 19-Nov Cometary Amino Acids from the Stardust Mission Jamie Cook NASA Goddard 3-Dec Comparison of Interstellar Boundary Explorer Observations with 3-D Global Nathan Schwadron Heliospheric Models Boston University 21-Jan 6300A Emissions and their Relationship to Magnetospheric Flows Larry Kepko NASA Goddard 28-Jan Reconnection in Three-Dimensional Models of Coronal Mass Ejections Terry Forbes University of New Hampshire 4-Feb Oort Cloud Formation - The Role of the Sun's Birth Cluster Hal Levison Southwest Research Institute 11-Feb Space Weather Effects on Navigation Patricia Doherty Boston College 18-Feb Connections Between Large-Scale Plasma Sheet Transport, Region 2 Coupling to the Larry Lyons Ionosphere, and Substorm Dynamics UCLA 26-Feb Climate Change: Integrating Science, Economics, Technology and Policy Ronald Prinn MIT 4-Mar Further Observations of Magnetic Reconnection in the Solar Mike Stevens Boston University 18-Mar Interaction of High-Power HF Radio Waves with the Geospace Evgenya Mishin AFRL 25-Mar Astrophysical expulsions: Solar/Stellar Winds and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) Kelly Korreck Harvard CfA 1-Apr The Solar Dynamics Observatory, Our New Eye on the Sun Phil Chamberlin NASA GSFC 8-Apr HST Imaging of Fomalhaut: Direct detection of an exosolar planet and Kuiper Belt Paul Kalas around a nearby star Berkeley 15-Apr The -Huygens Mission to the Saturn System: Recent Results Tom Cravens University of Kansas 29-Apr Progress on the Murchison Widefield Array Project Colin Lonsdale MIT

19 Institute for Astrophysical Research Seminar Series, 2009/2010

Date Title Speaker/Affiliation 8-Sep Active Galactic Nuclei in Clusters of : Cooling Flows, Feedback, and High-z Elizabeth Blanton Systems Boston University 15-Sep The Continuum: New Connections Martin Elvis Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 29-Sep Gamma-Ray Bursts: A New Probe of the High-Redshift Universe Edo Berger 6-Oct Open Clusters: Their Role in the Eileen Friel Lowell Observatory 8-Oct Probing the Inter-Galactic Medium with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph James Green University of Colorado 20-Oct Exoplanets and their Odd Orbital Inclinations Joshua Winn MIT 28-Oct Retired A Stars and their Planets John Johnson University Hawaii 3-Nov Our 15 Million Nearest Neighbors: M Dwarfs & the Local Milky Way John Bochanski MIT 12-Nov A Powerful New Imager for HST: Performance and Early Results of Wide Field Camera 3 Randy Kimble NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center 17-Nov X-ray Jets and Evolution of Extragalactic Radio Sources Aneta Siemiginowska Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 1-Dec The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy ,SOFIA: Status and Science B.-G. Anderson overview NASA-Ames Research Center 8-Dec Planet Forming Disks David Wilner Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 25-Jan Star Clusters: Studies in Stellar and Galactic Evolution Kenneth Janes Boston University 1-Feb Scattered, Extinguished and Emitted: Three Views of Star-forming Dust Jonathan Foster Boston University 8-Feb Discovery and Characterization of Transiting Extrasolar Planets Peter McCullouch CfA & STScI 16-Feb Searching for the Secrets of Massive Star Birth Crystal Brogan NRAO 22-Feb The Life Cycle of Matter in the Magellanic Clouds: Insights from the Spitzer SAGE Margaret Meixner Surveys CfA & STScI 1-Mar Massive Young Star Clusters and the Stellar Upper Mass Limit Don Figer Rochester Institute of Technology 15-Mar Probing the Assembly of Massive Galaxies via Quasar Hosts at z=4 Kim McLeod Wellesley College 22-Mar Transformations in Massive Binary Stars Doug Gies Georgia State University 29-Mar The Carnegie Hubble Program (CHP): Determining the Hubble Constant to 2% Barry Madore Carnegie Observatories 5-Apr Titan’s Methane Weather Henry Roe Lowell Observatory 12-Apr The Origin & Evolution of Stellar Spins Kevin Covey Cornell University

20 APPENDIX D: Sponsored Project Funding

Funding Received on New or Continuing Grants by Astronomy Faculty/Senior Research Associates in FY10

PI Agency Number Title Amount Bania NSF 2157-5 Galactic Chemical Evolution: The 3- $110,578 Helium Project Bania NRAO 1002-5 GBT Student Observing for Loren $12,841 Anderson Baumgardner; National 1014-5 Boston University - Scientific, $63,341 Martinis Science Educational, and Logistical Preparations Foundation for AMISR Relocation to Argentina (Subcontract via NorthWest Research Associates, Inc.) Blanton NASA 1237-5 X-Ray Cluster Environments of Radio $94,195 Sources Chakrabarti National 1311-5 CEDAR: Quantitative Assessment of $120,331 Science Proton Aurora Using State-of-the-art Foundation Models Chakrabarti NASA 2426-5 Planet Imaging Concept Testbed Using a $73,861 Rocket Experiment (PICTURE) Chakrabarti NASA 8763-5 Planet Imaging Concept Testbed Using a $1,322,860 Rocket Experiment (PICTURE) Clarke NASA 1413-5 Evolution of the 2009 Single Impact on $23,998 Jupiter (Subcontract via Space Telescope Science Institute) Clarke NASA 2690-5 Imaging Saturn’s Equinoctal $64,401 (Subcontract via Space Telescope Science Institute) Clarke; Cook NASA 2378-5 A Sounding Rocket UV Measurement of $438,096 the D/H Ratio in the Upper Atmosphere of Venus and Relation to the Historic Escape of Water Clemens NSF 2903-5 Completing The Galactic Plane Infrared $183,292 Polarization Survey (GPIPS) Cook NASA 2682-5 Interstellar Medium Absorption Gradient $1,252,344 Experiment Rocket (IMAGER) Cook NASA 9923-5 A Rotational Shearing Interferometer for $454,000 Planet Detection Crooker National 1382-5 SHINE: Studies of the Heliospheric $245,339 Science Magnetic Field and Slow Solar Wind Foundation

21 Crooker National 9201-5 SHINE: Studies of ICME-CME $332,441 Science Connections and Implications for Foundation Heliospheric Topology Dimant; National 2488-5 NSWP: Improving Quantitative Modeling $80,610 Oppenheim Science of High-Latitude Electrojet Conductives Foundation During Magnetic Storm and Substorm Time Fritz NASA 1038-5 Virtual Observations (Subcontract via $8,068 University of Maryland, Baltimore County) Fritz Department 1371-5 The Loss Cone Imager (LCI) for the DSX $233,000 of Defense/ Program (Task 1) Air Force Fritz NASA 2456-5 The Cluster RAPID Investigation 2008- $475,000 2011 Fritz Department 8888-5 The Loss Cone Imager (LCI) $2,954,516 of Defense/Air Force Fritz Department 9581-5 The Loss Cone Imager (LCI) - HST $1,650,426 of Defense/ Supplement Air Force Hughes National 1026-5 STC: Center for Integrated Space Weather $24,375 Science Modeling - Student Travel Support for Foundation 2009 Directors Meeting Hughes National 0000-0 STC: Center for Integrated Space Weather $4,000,000 Science Modeling (CISM) Foundation Jackson NASA 2673-5 Galactic Structures Using 2Mass Data $108,613 Janes NSF 9080-5 Old Star Clusters: Stellar Activity and $34,216 Galactic Structure Jorstad NASA 1041-5 Correlation Between Gamma-Ray $99,998 Variations and Disturbances in the Jets of Blazars Marscher NASA 2472-5 Comprehensive Multiwaveband $233,994 Monitoring Program of Gamma-Ray Bright Blazars Marscher NASA 1120-5 Snapshots of the Spectral Energy $20,000 Distribution of Blazars Marscher NSF 2856-5 The Most Compact Regions of $602,138 Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei Mendillo NASA 2090-5 Mars Ionospheric Disturbances $286,623

22 Mendillo NASA 2183-5 Large Scale Variability in Space and Time $269,266 of Electron Content (TEC) Storm-Time Enhancements Driven by Penetration Electric Fields Mendillo Department 2348-5 Instrumentation for a North-South $194,065 of Defense/ American Conjugate Observatory to Navy Track Radio Disrupting Ionospheric Disturbances (DURIP) Mendillo NASA 2463-5 Comparison of Cassini Observations with $299,911 the Saturn-Thermosphere-Ionosphere- Model (STIM) Mendillo Department 2667-5 Inter-Hemispheric Studies of Ionospheric $291,814 of Defense/ Irregularities Navy Mendillo NASA 2741-5 A Comprehensive Multi-Process Saturn- $220,000 Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Model (STIM) Mendillo National 9535-5 Imaging Science and Modeling $1,035,911 Science Investigations of the Upper Atmosphere Foundation Mendillo; NASA 2994-5 Altitude-Latitude Ion-Neutral Coupling $96,803 Martinis Using CINDI and C/NOFS and Conjugate Ground-Based Optical Diagnostics Oppenheim National 2029-5 CEDAR: Meteor Plasmas - Theory, $60,000 Science Simulations, and Observations Foundation Oppenheim National 2892-5 CEDAR: Meteor Plasmas - Theory, $11,950 Science Simulations, and Observations Foundation Oppenheim Department 2919-5 First Kinetic of Simulations Equatorial $128,429 of Defense/ Spread-F: Analysis of Kilometer-to-Meter AFOSR Scale Irregularities Schwadron NASA 9548-5 Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Exposure $826,242 Module (EMMREM) Schwadron NASA 9817-5 The Student Interstellar Boundary $1,700,542 Explorer Program (IBEX) (Phase E) (Subcontract via Southwest Research Institute) Siscoe National 2603-5 Solar Wind--Ionosphere $99,114 Science Coupling Foundation

23 Spence NASA 2641-5 MMS Energetic Particle Detector (EPD) $448,051 (Phase B/C/D) (Subcontract via Southwest Research Institute) Spence NASA 2824-5 Dynamic Response of the Environment at $15,079 the Moon (DREAM) Spence NASA 8834-5 Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of $2,319,142 8849-5 Radiation (CRaTER) Spence NASA 1111-5 Phase B/C/D: Radiation Belt Storm $900,000 Probes - Energetic Particle Composition, and Therma Plasma (RBSP-ECT) (Amendment #12) (Subcontract via Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory) Spence NASA 2222-5 Phase B/C/D: Radiation Belt Storm $6,200,000 Probes - Energetic Particle Composition, and Thermal Plasma (RBSP-ECT) (Amendment #13) (Subcontract via Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory) West NSF 1410-5 Wide Low-Mass Binaries: Coeval $17,714 Laboratories for Testing the Formation and Evolution of Stars and the Structure and Evolution of the Milky Way Wilson NASA 2358-5 The Sodium Exospheres of the Moon and $140,000 Mercury: Adsorption, Photodesorption and Photoionization Withers NASA 2197-5 Atmospheric Density/Temperature $50,222 Profiles and TES Temperatures/Pressure Data to Provide Atmospheric Density/Temperature Profiles for MSL EDL (Subcontract via Jet Propulsion Laboratory) Withers NASA 2325-5 Analysis of SPICAM Stellar Occultation $204,614 Data Withers NASA 2412-5 Development of a Mars Ionosphere Model $171,489 with Time-Dependent Solar Forcing for Studies of Effects Withers NASA 2468-5 Simulations of the Effects of Extreme $357,219 Solar Flares on Technological Systems at Mars Total new and continuing grant funding: $31,821,720

24 APPENDIX E: Accounts Income Expenditures

Operating Budget (20-201) Category Amount Percent of FY10 Income Operating Budget $52,887 58.1% Salary Release $26,559 29.2% FY09 Capital Equip. Funds $11,576 12.7% Total Income $91,022 100.0%

Category Cost Percent of FY10 Expenditures Supplies $18,460 20.1% Telecommunications $6,845 7.5% Mail Services $286 0.3% Contracted Services $12,999 14.2% Reproduction & Printing $1,066 1.2% Books & Periodicals $16 0.0% Travel $20,319 22.1% Meeting Expenses $15,089 16.4% Dues & Memberships $250 0.3% Unclassified Expenses $594 0.6% Capital Equipment $12,191 13.3% B & G $2,799 3.0% Computer Software & Databases $900 1.0% Total Expended $91,815 100.0%

Astronomy IDC Return (20-201-1021-9) Category Amount Percent of FY10 Income FY09 Balance $25,964 13.5% IDC Return 1st/2nd/3rd Qtrs. $164,993 86.5% Total Income $190,957 100.0%

Category Cost Percent of FY10 Expenditures New Faculty Start-Up $20,000 13.2% Meeting Expenses $707 0.4% AS 866 Instructors $3,500 2.3% Unclassified Expenses $796 0.5% IAR IDC Return 1st/2nd/3rd Qtrs. $33,750 22.3% CSP IDC Return 1st/2nd/3rd Qtrs. $90,000 59.4% Supplies $1,373 0.9% Unrestricted Overages $1,262 0.8% Travel $433 0.2% Total Expended $151,820 100.0%

25

Astronomy Computer Equipment (20-201-1162-9) Category Amount Percent of FY10 Income FY09 Balance $10,472 15.1% Computer Bills $58,900 84.9% Total Income $69,372 100.0%

Category Cost Percent of FY10 Expenditures Administration $44,963 75.9% Contracted Services $1,300 2.2% Fringe Benefit $12,994 21.9% Total Expended $59,258 100.0%

26 APPENDIX F: Publications

1 Blum, L. W., E. A. McDonald, S. P. Gary, M. F. Thomsen, and H. E. Spence, Ion observations from geosynchronous orbit as a proxy for ion cyclotron wave growth during storm times, J. Geophys. Res., 114, 10.1029/2009JA014396 , 2009. 2 Abdo, A.A.,...,Jorstad, S.G.,...,Marscher, A.P., et al., “A Change in the Optical Polarization Associated with a Gamma-ray Flare in the Blazar 3C 279,” 2010, Nature, 463, 919 3 Abdo, A.A.,...,Jorstad, S.G.,...,Marscher, A.P., et al., “The Spectral Energy Distribution of Bright Blazars,” 2010, ApJ, 716, 30 4 Agudo, I., Jorstad, S.G., Marscher, A.P., Larionov, V., Gomez, J.L., Wiesemeyer, H., Thum, C., Gurwell, M., Heidt, J., & D'Arcangelo, F.D., “The Multi-Spectral-Range Behavior of OJ287 in 2005-2010,” 2010, in Fermi Meets Jansky - AGN at Radio and Gamma-Rays, ed. T. Savolainen et al. (Max--Institut fur Radioastronomie), in press 5 Agudo, I., Thum, C., Wiesemeyer, H., and Krichbaum, T.P., “A 3.5mm Polarimetric Survey of Radio Loud AGN,” 2010, ApJS, in press 6 Agustsson, I. & Brainerd, T. G., “Anisotropic Locations of Satellite Galaxies: Clues to the Orientations of Galaxies within their Dark Matter Halos”, 2010, ApJ, 709, 1321 7 Agustsson, I., “Probing Dark Matter Halos with Satellite Galaxies”, 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #375.04, BAAS, 42, 583 8 Anderson, L. D. & Bania, T. M., "Resolution of the Distance Ambiguity for Galactic H II Regions", 2009, ApJ, 690, 706 9 Anderson, L. D., Bania, T. M., Balser, D. S., & Rood, R. T., “First Results from the Green Bank Telescope H II Region Discovery Survey”, 2010, AAS Meeting #216, #424.02, BAAS, 42, 836 10 Anderson, L. D., Snowden, S. L., & Bania, T. M., “X-ray Shadowing Experiments Toward Infrared Dark Clouds”, 2010, ApJ in press 11 Anderson, L.D., Bania, T. M., Jackson, J. M., Clemens, D. P.; Heyer, M., Simon, R., Shah, R. Y., Rathborne, J. M., "The Molecular Properties of Galactic H II Regions", 2009, ApJS, 181, 255 12 Balser, D. S., Rood, R. T., & Bania, T. M., “4-He Abundances: Optical vs. Radio Recombination Line Measurements”, 2010, in "Light Elements in the Universe", Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 268, Charbonnel, C., Tosi, M., & Primas, F. eds., (Cambridge: CUP) 13 Bania, T. M., Anderson, L. D., Balser, D. S., & Rood, R. T., “The Green Bank Telescope H II Region Discovery Survey”, 2010, ApJL, in press 14 Bania, T. M., Anderson, L. D., Balser, D. S., & Rood, R.T., “The Green Bank Telescope Galactic H II Region Discovery Survey”, 2010, AAS Meeting #216, #309.02, BAAS, 42, 871

27 15 Bania, T. M., Rood, R. T., & Balser, D. S., “Measurements of 3-He in Galactic H II Regions and Planetary Nebulae”, 2010 in "Light Elements in the Universe", Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 268, Charbonnel, C., Tosi, M., & Primas, F. eds., (Cambridge: CUP)

16 Blanton, E. L., Clarke, T. E., Sarazin, C. L., Randall, S. W., & McNamara, B. R., “Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies”, 2010, Publications of the National Academy of Science, 107, 16

17 Blanton, E. L., Randall, S. W., , E. M., Clarke, T. E., Anderson, L. A., Sarazin, C. L., & McNamara, B. R., “Deep Chandra Observations of Feedback in the Cool Cores of A2052 and A262”, 2009, at IAU Symposium 267, ``Evolution of Galaxies and Central Black Holes: Feeding and Feedback'', Rio De Janeiro, Brazil 18 Blanton, E. L., Randall, S. W., Sarazin, C. L., McNamara, B. R., & Clarke, T. E., “A Very Deep Chandra Observation of the Cool Core Cluster Abell 2052”, 2010, American Astronomical Society HEAD Meeting #11, #34.02, BAAS, 41, 710 19 Bochanski, J. J., Hawley, S. L., Covey, K. R., Reid, I. N., West, A. A., Golimowski, D. A., & Ivezic, Z., “The and Mass Functions of Low-Mass Stars in the Galactic Disk: II. The Field”, 2010, AJ, 139, 2679 20 Bochanski, J. J., Hennawi, J. F., Simcoe, R. A., Prochaska, J. X.,West, A. A., Burgasser, A. J., Burles, S. M., Bernstein, R. A., Williams, C. L., & Murphy, M. T., “MASE: A New Data–Reduction Pipeline for the Magellan Echellette Spectrograph”, 2009, PASP, 121, 1409 21 Boettcher, M., Reimer, A., & Marscher, A. P., “Implications of the VHE Gamma-Ray Detection of the Quasar 3C 279,” 2009, ApJ, 703, 1168 22 Bonfond, B., D. Grodent, J.-C. Gérard, A. Radioti, V. Dols, P. Delamere, and J.T. Clarke, “The Io UV Footprint: Location, Inter-spot Distances, and Tail Vertical Extent”, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A07224, doi:10.1029/2009JA014312 (2009). 23 Brainerd, T. G., Agustsson, I., Madsen, C. A., & Edmonds, J. A., “Large-Scale Intrinsic Alignments of Galaxies”, 2010, AAS Meeting #215, #409.06, BAAS, 42, 234 24 Brainerd, T. G., “Multiple Weak Deflections in Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing”, 2010, ApJ, 713, 603 25 Browning, M. K., Basri, G., Marcy, G. W., West, A. A., & Zhang, J., “Rotation and Magetic Activity in a Sample of M-dwarfs”, 2010, AJ, 139,504 26 Burgasser, A. J., Dhital, S., & West, A. A., “Resolved Spectroscopy of M Dwarf/L Dwarf Binaries. III. The ”Wide” L3.5/L4 Dwarf Binary 2MASS J15500845+1455180AB”, 2009, AJ, 138, 1563 27 Burin des Roziers, E., X. Li, D. N. Baker, T. A. Fritz, R. Friedel, T. G. Onsager, and I. Dandouras, Energetic plasma sheet electrons and their relationship with the solar wind; a Cluster and Geotail study, J. Geophys. Res., 2008JA013696, 2009.

28 28 Burin des Roziers, E., X. Li, D. N. Baker, T. A. Fritz, R. L. McPherron, and I. Dandouras, Cluster observations of energetic electron flux variations within the plasma sheet, Journal of Geophysical Research, VOL. 114, A11208, doi:10.1029/2009JA014239, 2009. 29 Burke, C. J., McCullough, P. R., Bergeron, E., Long, D., Gilliland, R. L., Nelan, E. P., Johns-Krull, C. M., Valenti, J. A., & Janes, K. A., "NICMOS Observations of the Transiting Hot Jupiter XO-1b", ApJ, submitted 30 Carssow, Douglas B., James D. Sullivan, David L. Voss, Chad W. Parker, Anton Mavretic, Theodore A. Fritz, Allyn E. Hubbard, Judy A. Fennelly, Loss Cone Imager digital system design, Proceedings of the SPIE conference, San Diego, CA, August 3-7, 2009. 31 Chambers, E. T., Jackson, J. M., Rathborne, J. M., & Simon, R., "Star Formation Activity of Cores within Infrared Dark Clouds," 2009, ApJS, 181, 360 32 Chapman, N. L., Goldsmith, P., & Clemens, D., “The Magnetic Field in Taurus”, 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #2010 January 3-7, Washington, D.C., #332.03, BAAS, 42, 430 33 Chassefiere, E., and 42 co-authors incl. J.T. Clarke, “PHEBUS: A Double Ultraviolet Spectrometer to Observe Mercury's Exosphere”, Plan. Sp. Sci., doi:10.1016/j.pss.2008.05.018 (2010). 34 Chatterjee, R., Marscher, A. P., Jorstad, S. G. et al., “Disk-Jet Connection in the Radio Galaxy 3C 120,” 2009, ApJ, 704, 1689 35 Chaufray, J-Y., G.R. Gladstone, J.H. Waite, and J.T. Clarke, “Asymmetry in the Jovian Auroral Lyman-α Line Profile due to Thermospheric High Speed Flow“, J. Geophys. Res., 115, E05002, doi:10.1029/2009JE003439 (2010). 36 Chen, C., Cote, P., West, A. A., Peng, E. W., & Ferrarse, L., “Homogeneous ugriz Photometry for ACS Virgo Cluster Survey Galaxies: Non-Parametric Analysis of the Photometric and Structural Scaling Relations”, 2010, ApJS, submitted 37 Chollet, E. E., R. M. Skoug, J. T. Steinberg, N. U. Crooker, and J. Giacalone (2010), Reconnection and disconnection: Observations of suprathermal electron heat flux dropouts, in Solar Wind Twelve, edited by M. Maksimovic et al., AIP Conf. Proc., 1216, 600. 38 Clarke, J.T., and 17 co-authors, “Response of Jupiter’s and Saturn’s Auroral Activity to the Solar Wind”, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A05210, doi:10.1029/2008JA013694 (2009). 39 Clemens, D. P., Pavel, M., & Pinnick, A., "Automated Analysis Pipelines For The Galactic Plane Infrared Polarization Survey: From Basic Image Processing To Crowded-field, Variable-PSF, Imaging Polarimetry", 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #438.01, BAAS, 42, 392 40 Cook, T. A., B. A. Hicks, P. Jung and S. Chakrabarti, “Far-ultraviolet astronomical narrowband imaging”, Appl. Opt., 48, 1936-1942, 2009. 41 Coombs, Joseph M., David L. Voss, Charles W. Parker, Theodore A. Fritz, Anton Mavretic, James D. Sullivan, and Judy A. Fennelly, Design of the mechanical housing for the LCI energetic particle instrumentation package in a Medium Earth Orbit, Proceedings of the SPIE conference, San Diego, CA, August 3-7, 2009.

29 42 Crooker, N. U., and M. J. Owens, Impact of coronal mass ejections, interchange reconnection, and disconnection on heliospheric magnetic field strength (2010), in SOHO- 23: Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum, edited by S. Cranmer, T. Hoeksema, and J. Kohl, ASP Conf. Proc., http://arxiv.org/abs/1004.2238. 43 D'Ammando, F., ...Jorstad, S.G.,...Marscher, A.P., et al., “AGILE Detection of a Rapid Gamma-ray Flare from the Blazar PKS 1510-089 during the GASP-WEBT Monitoring,” 2009, AA, 508, 181 44 Dhital, S., West, A. A., Stassun, K. G., & Bochanski, J. J., “Sloan Low-massWide Pairs of Kinematically Equivalent Stars (SLoWPoKES): A Catalog of Very Wide, Low-mass Pairs”, 2010, AJ, 139, 2566 45 Diaz, M.A., J. Semeter, M. Oppenheim, and M. Zettergren, Analysis of the Effects on Incoherent Scatter Spectra Distorted Through the Beam-plasma Instability, Geophys. Res. Lett., submitted June 2010. 46 Diaz, M.A., M. Oppenheim, J. Semeter, and M. Zettergren, 2D Particle-In-Cell Simulation of the Beam-Plasma Interaction and its Effects in the Incoherent Scatter Spectrum, J. Geophys. Res., in preparation 2010. 47 Dimant, Y. S. and M. M. Oppenheim. Interaction of plasma cloud with external electric field in lower ionosphere. Annales Geophysicae, 28(3):719–736, March 2010. 48 Dimant, Y. S., M. M. Oppenheim, and G. M. Milikh. Meteor plasma plasma trails: effects of external electric field. Annales Geophysicae, 27:279–296, January 2009. 49 Dimant, Y. S., Oppenheim, M. ; Milikh, G. M., Meteor plasma trails: effects of external electric field, Annalles Geophysicae, V. 27, I 1, 2009 50 Dimant, Y. S.; Oppenheim, M. M., Interaction of plasma cloud with external electric field in lower ionosphere, Annales Geophysicae, Volume 28, Issue 3, 2010, pp.719-736 51 Douglass, E. M., Blanton, E. L., Clarke, T. E., Randall, S. W., & Wing, J. D., "The Merger Environment of the WAT Hosting Cluster Abell 562", ApJ, submitted 52 Douglass, E., Blanton, E. L., Clarke, T. E., & Sarazin, C. L., “The Cluster Environments of Wide Angle Tail Radio Sources”, 2009, at "Chandra's First Decade of Discovery”, Boston, MA 53 Faherty, J. K., Burgasser, A. J., Bochanski, J. J., Looper, D. L., & West, A. A., “A new quadrapole system containing the binary brown dwarf 2mass J0850359+1057716AB”, 2010, AJ, submitted 54 Faherty, J. K., Burgasser, A. J.,West, A. A., Bochanski, J. J., Cruz, K. L., Shara, M. M., & Walter, F. M., “The Brown Dwarf Kinematics Project. II. Details on Nine Wide Common Very Low Mass Companions to Nearby Stars”, 2010, AJ, 139, 176 55 Finn, S. C., Jackson, J. M., Chambers, E. T., Rathborne, J. M., & Simon, R., "Chemical Evolution of Infrared Dark Clouds," 2009, American Astronomical Society Meeting #214, #315.05, BAAS, 41, 692 56 Finn, S. C., Jackson, J. M., Chambers, E. T., Rathborne, J. M., & Simon, R., “Using CS (2- 1) to Determine the Galactic Distribution of Infrared Dark Clouds”, 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting, #215, #414.09, BAAS, 42, 255

30 57 Fritz, Theodore A., Perspectives gained from a combination of Polar, Cluster and ISEE energetic particle measurements in the dayside cusp, published in the Proceeding of the 15th Cluster workshop, held March 2008. The Cluster Active Archive - Studying the Earth's Space Plasma Environment, edited by H. Laakso, M. Taylor and C.P. Escoubet, Springer, 2009. 58 Funsten, H. O., F. Allegrini, G. B. Crew, R. DeMajistre, P. C. Frisch, S. A. Fuselier, M. Gruntman, P. Janzen, D. J. McComas, E. Möbius, B. Randol, D. B. Reisenfeld, E. C. Roelof, and N. A. Schwadron, Structures and Spectral Variations of the Outer in IBEX Energetic Neutral Atom Maps, Science, 326 (5955), 964. DOI: 10.1126/science.1180927, 2009. 59 Fuselier, S. A., F. Allegrini, H. O. Funsten, A. G. Ghielmetti, D. Heirtzler, H. Kucharek, O. W. Lennartsson, D. J. McComas, E. Möbius, T. E. Moore, S. M. Petrinec, L. A. Saul, J. A. Scheer, N. Schwadron, and P. Wurz, Width and Variation of the ENA Flux Ribbon Observed by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer, Science, 326 (5955), 962, DOI: 10.1126/science.1180981, 2009. 60 Galand, M., L. Moore, B. Charnay, I. Mueller-Wodarg, and M. Mendillo, Solar primary and secondary ionization at Saturn, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A6, A06310, doi:10.1029/2008JA013981, 2009. 61 Gérard, J. C., B. Bonfond, J. Gustin, D. Grodent, J.T. Clarke, D. Bisikalo, and V. Shematovich,“The Altitude of Saturn’s Aurora and Its Implications for the Characteristic Energy of Precipitated Electrons”, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L02202, doi:10.1029/2008GL036554 (2009). 62 Grodent, D., B. Bonfond, A. Radioti, J.-C. Gérard, X. Jia, J. Nichols, and J.T. Clarke, “Auroral Footprint of Ganymede”, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A07212, doi:10.1029/2009JA014289 (2009). 63 Hammel, H.B., and 11 co-authors inc. J.T. Clarke, “Jupiter after the 2009 Impact: Imaging of the Impact-generated Debris and its Temporal Evolution”, Astrophys. J. Lett, 715, L150-154, doi:10.1088/2041-8205/715/2/L150 (2010). 64 Hathi, Ball, Colombatti, Ferri, Leese, Towner, Withers, Fulchigioni and Zarnecki, Huygens HASI servo accelerometer: A review and lessons learned, Planetary and Space Science, 57, 1321-1333 (2009). 65 Heerikhuisen, J., N. V. Pogorelov, G. P. Zank, G. B. Crew, P. C. Frisch, H. O. Funsten, P. H. Janzen, D. J. McComas, D. B. Reiseneld, N. A. Schwadron, Pick-Up Ions in the Outer Heliosheath: A Possible Mechanism for the Interstellar Boundary EXplorer Ribbon, Astrophys. J., 708, L126, doi:10.1088/2041-8205/708/2/L126, 2010. 66 Heyer, M., Krawczyk, C., Duval, J., & Jackson, J. M., "Re-Examining Larson's Scaling Relationships in Galactic Molecular Clouds," 2009, ApJ, 699, 1092 67 Hicks, B., T. Cook, B. Lane and S. Chakrabarti, “Monolithic achromatic nulling interference coronagraph: design and performance”, Appl. Opt., 48, 4963-4977, 2009. 68 Hicks, B.A.\ Cook, T.A. Lane B.F.\ Mendillo, C.B.\ Jung P.\ and Supriya Chakrabarti 2009, ``The Monolithic Achromatic Nulling Interference Coronagraph (MANIC) testbed'', \spie, 7440 74401B. 69 Howell, P. J. & Brainerd, T. G., “Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing by Non-Spherical Haloes I: Theoretical Considerations”, 2010, MNRAS in press

31 70 Howell, P. J. & Brainerd, T. G., “Properties of Dark Matter Halos from Galaxy-Galaxy Weak Lensing and the Effect of Multiple Deflections”, 2010, AAS Meeting #215, #408.04, BAAS, 42, 232 71 Huang, C.-L., H. E. Spence, and B. T. Kress, Assessing Access of Galactic Cosmic Rays at Moon’s Orbit, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, 10.1029/2009GL037916 , 2009. 72 Huang, C.-L., H. E. Spence, H. J. Singer, W. J. Hughes (2010), Modeling radiation belt radial diffusion in ULF wave fields: 1. Quantifying ULF waves at geosynchronous orbit in data and model, Journal of Geophysical Research, doi:10.1029/2009JA014917, in press. 73 Huang, C.-L., H. E. Spence, H. Singer, and W. J. Hughes, Quantifying ULF Waves at Geosynchronous Orbit Using GOES Data and Global Magnetospheric Models, J. Geophys. Res., accepted, 2010. 74 Huang, C.-L., H. E. Spence, M. K. Hudson, S. Elkington (2010), Modeling radiation belt radial diffusion in ULF wave fields: 2. Estimation of radial diffusion coefficient using MHD+Particle code, Journal of Geophysical Research, doi:10.1029/ 2009JA014918, in press. 75 Ingalls, J. G., & Bania, T. M., “Molecular Hydrogen Emission from Translucent Galactic Clouds”, at "Reionization to Exoplanets: Spitzer's Growing Legacy", 26-28 Oct. 2009 76 Jackson, J. M., Finn, S., Chambers, E. C., Rathborne, J.M., & Simon, R., “The "Nessie" Nebula: Cluster Formation in a Filamentary Infrared Dark Cloud", 2010, ApJL, submitted 77 Jackson, J. M., Finn, S., Chambers, E., Rathborne, J. M., & Simon, R., “The Nessie Nebula: Cluster Formation in a Filamentary Infrared Dark Cloud”, 2009, American Astronomical Society Meeting #214, #315.05, BAAS, 41, 760 78 Jackson, J. M., Finn, S., Rathborne, J. M., & Simon, R., “Periodic Spacing of Protocluster Clumps in a Filamentary Infrared Dark Cloud”, 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #216, #309.03 79 Janes, K. A., & Hoq, S., "A Quantitative Analysis of Distant Open Clusters", 2010, AJ, submitted 80 Janes, K., "A Photometric Survey of the Open Clusters NGC 7789 and M67”, 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #478.07, BAAS, 42, 566 81 Jordan, A. P., H. E. Spence, J. Blake, T. Mulligan, D. Shaul, and M. Galametz, Multipoint, High Time Resolution Galactic Cosmic Ray Observations Associated With Two Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections, J. Geophys. Res., 114, 10.1029/2008JA013891, 2009. 82 Jorstad, S., Marscher, A., D'Arcangelo, F., & Harrison, B., “Connection between Gamma- Ray Variations and Disturbances in the Jets of Blazars, 2010, poster paper at the 20th New England Regional Quasar Meeting 83 Jorstad, S., Marscher, A., D'Arcangelo, F., & Harrison, B., “Connection between Gamma- Ray Variations and Disturbances in the Jets of Blazars,” 2010, in “2009 Fermi Symposium” (eConference C091122), arXiv:0912.5230v2 84 Jorstad, S., Marscher, A., D'Arcangelo, F., & Harrison,B., “Connection between Gamma- Ray Variations and Disturbances in the Jets of Blazars”, 2009, poster paper at Fermi Symposium

32 85 Jorstad, S., Marscher, A., Smith, P., Larionov, V., and Agudo, I., “Localization of the Gamma-ray Emission Site Using Multi-waveband Data and mm-VLBI,” 2010, in Fermi Meets Jansky - AGN at Radio and Gamma-Rays, ed. T. Savolainen et al. (Max-Planck- Institut fur Radioastronomie), in press 86 Jorstad, S.G. & Marscher, A.P., “Connection between Gamma-Ray Variations and Disturbances in the Jets of Blazars,” 2010, BAAS, #215, #225.02 87 Jorstad, S.G., & Marscher, A.P., “Correlation between -Scale Jet Behavior and Gamma-Ray Light Curves of Blazars,” 2010, AAS HEAD meeting, BAAS #11, #30.03 88 Jorstad, S.G., Marscher, A.P., et al. , “Flaring Behavior of the Quasar 3C 454.3 across the Electromagnetic Spectrum,” 2010, ApJ, 715, 362 89 Joshi, M., Marscher, A., Jorstad, S., Larionov, V., Agudo, I., Aller, M., Gurwell, M., & Lahteenmaki, A., “Multi-wavelength Spectral Analysis of the Blazar 3C 279,” 2010, BAAS, #215, #324.06 90 Kepko, L., H. E. Spence, D. F. Smart, and M. A. Shea, Interhemispheric observations of impulsive nitrate enhancements associated with the four large ground-level solar cosmic ray events (1940-1950), J. Atmos. and Solar-Terr. Physics, 71, 1840-1845, 10.1016/j.jastp.2009.07.002, 2009. 91 Kimball, A. E., Knapp, G. R., Ivezic, Z, West, A. A., Bochanski, J. J., Plotkin, R. M., & Gordon, M. S., “Where are radio stars? A search in FIRST and SDSS”, 2009, ApJ, 701, 535 92 Klida, M. M., and T. A. Fritz, The Earth's magnetopause as a source and sink for equatorial nightside energetic charged particles, Ann. Geophys., 27, 4305-4316, 2009. 93 Kocevski, D., West, A. A., & Modjaz, M., “Modeling the GRB Host Mass Distribution”, 2009, ApJ, 702, 377 94 Kovalev, D. V., A. P. Smirnov, and Y. S. Dimant. Simulations of the nonlinear stage of Farley-Buneman instability with allowance for electron thermal effects. Plasma Physics Reports, 35:603–610, July 2009. 95 Kowalski, A. F., Hawley, S. L., Hilton, E. J., Becker, A. C., West, A. A., Bochanski, J. J., & Sesar, B., “M Dwarfs in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82: Photometric Light Curves and Flare Rate Analysis”, 2009, AJ, 138, 633 96 Kozarev, K. A., N. A. Schwadron, L. W. Townsend, R. Hatacher, M. Desai, M. Al-Dayeh, and R. Squier, The Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Environment Module (EMMREM): Framework and Current Developments, doi:10.1063/1.3137938, 1121, 164, AIP Conference Series, 2009. 97 Kurth, W., and 12 co-authors incl. J.T. Clarke, “Auroral Processes at Saturn”, chapter in the book Saturn, Cambridge Univ. Press (2009). 98 Kurtovich, Boyan, Fabio Malangone, David L. Voss, Douglas B. Carssow, Theodore A.Fritz, Anton Mavretic, Overview of GSE as a Multifunctional GUI, Proceedings of the SPIE conference, San Diego, CA, August 3-7, 2009 99 Lamy, L., B. Cecconi, R. Prangé, P. Zarka, J. Nichols, and J.T. Clarke, “An Auroral Oval at the Footprint of Saturn’s Kilometric Radio Sources, Collocated with the UV One”. J. Geophys. Res., 114, A10212, doi:10.1029/2009JA014401 (2009).

33 100 Law, N. M., Dhital, S., Kraus, A., Stassun, K. G., & West, A. A., “The high-order- multiplicity of unusually wide M-dwarf binaries: eleven new triple and quadruple systems”, 2010, AJ, submitted 101 Lewis, N., T. A. Cook, K. Wilton and S. Chakrabarti, “Far-Ultraviolet Dust Albedo Measurements in the Upper Scorpius Cloud Using the SPINR Sounding Rocket Experiment”, Astrophys. J., 706, 306-318, 2009. 102 Looper, D. L., Mohanty, S., Bochanski, J. J., Burgasser, A. J., Mamajek, E. E., Herczeg, G. J., West, A. A., Faherty, J. K., Rayner, J., Pitts, M. A., & Kirkpatrick, J. D., “The Enigmatic Young Low-Mass Variable TWA 30”, 2010, ApJ, 714, 45 103 Lopez, R. E., J. G. Lyon, E. Mitchell, R. Bruntz, V. G. Merkin, S. Brogl, F. Toffoletto, M. Wiltberger, Why doesn't the ring current injection rate saturate?, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A02204, doi:10.1029/2008JA013141, 2009. 104 Marscher, A. P., “Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei”, 2010, Chapter 7 of “The Jet Paradigm – From Microquasars to ”, ed. T. Belloni (Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 794) 105 Marscher, A. P., “From Nothing to Everything: The Story of Our Universe”, 2010, published electronically at http://www.bu.edu/blazars/textbook.html 106 Marscher, A.P. & Jorstad, S.G., “Rapid Variability of Gamma-ray Emission from Sites near the 43 GHz Cores of Blazar Jets,” 2010, in Fermi Meets Jansky - AGN at Radio and Gamma-Rays, ed. T. Savolainen et al. (Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie), in press 107 Marscher, A.P., Jorstad, S.G., D'Arcangelo, F.D., Bhatterai, D., Taylor, B., Olmstead, A.R., Manne-Nicholas, E., Larionov, V.M., Hagen-Thorn, V.A., Konstantinova, T.S., Larionoa, E.G., Larionova, L.V., Melnichuk, D.A., Blinov, D.A., Kopatskaya, E.N., Troitsky, I.S., Agudo, I., G\'omez, J.L., Roca-Sogorb, M., Smith, P.S., Schmidt, G.D., Kurtanidze, O., Nikolashvili, M.G., Kimeridze, G.N., & Sigual, L.A., “The Inner Jet of the Quasar PKS1510-089 as Revealed by Multi-waveband Monitoring,” 2010, in 2009 Fermi Symposium, ed. W.N. Johnson and D.J. Thompson (eConference C091122), arXiv:1002.0806v1 108 Marscher, A.P., Jorstad, S.G., Larionov, V.M., Agudo, I., Aller, M., Lahteenmaki, A., Smith, P.S., Krichbaum, T., & McHardy, I. M. 2010, BAAS, #11, #33.23 109 Marscher, A.P., Jorstad, S.G., Larionov, V.M., Agudo, I., Aller, M., Lahteenmaki, A., Smith, P.S., Krichbaum, T., & McHardy, I. M., “Comprehensive Multi-waveband Monitoring of Gamma-ray Blazars”, 2010, poster paper #33.23, 11th AAS High Energy Astrophysics Division Meeting 110 Marscher, A.P., Jorstad, S.G., Larionov, V.M., Agudo, I., Aller, M., Lahteenmaki, A., Smith, P.S., Krichbaum, T., & McHardy, I. M., “Comprehensive Multi-waveband Monitoring of Gamma-ray Blazars”, 2010, poster paper at the 20th New England Regional Quasar and AGN Meeting 111 Marscher, A.P., Jorstad, S.G., Larionov, V.M., Agudo, I., Aller, M.F., Gurwell, M., Lahteenmaki, A., & Smith, P.S. 2010, BAAS, #215, #324.07 112 Marscher, A.P., Jorstad, S.G.,..., Agudo, I.,...,D'Arcangelo, F.D., Bhatterai, D., Taylor, B., Olmstead, A.R., Manne-Nicholas, E., et al., “Probing the Inner Jet of the Quasar PKS~1510-089 with Multi-waveband Monitoring during Strong Gamma-ray Activity,” 2010, ApJ, 710, 126

34 113 Martinis, C., J. Baumgardner, J. Wroten, and M. Mendillo (2010), Seasonal dependence of MSTIDs obtained from 630.0 nm airglow imaging at Arecibo, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L11103, doi:10.1029/2010GL043569. 114 Matta, M., S.M. Smith, J. Baumgardner, J.K. Wilson, C. Martinis, and M. Mendillo (2009), The Lunar Sodium Tail, Icarus, 202, 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.06.017. 115 Matthews, H., Kirk, H., Johnstone, D., Weferling, B., Cohen, M., Jenness, T., , A., Davis, G., Dent, W. R. F., Fuller, G., Jackson, J. M., Rathborne, J., Richer, J., & Simon, R., "Looking Through the Galactic Plane: Imaging Cold Dust Toward l = 44°," 2009, AJ 138, 1380 116 Matveenko, L.I., Sivakon, S.S., Jorstad, S.G., & Marscher, A.P., “Structural Peculiarities of the AGN Object 1803+784 ,” 2010, AL, 36, 151 117 McComas, D. J., F. Allegrini, P. Bochsler, M. Bzowski, E. R. Christian, G. B. Crew, R. DeMajistre, H. Fahr, H. Fichtner, P. C. Frisch, H. O. Funsten, S. A. Fuselier, G. Gloeckler, M. Gruntman, J. Heerikhuisen, V. Izmodenov, P. Janzen, P. Knappenberger, S. Krimigis, H. Kucharek, M. Lee, G. Livadiotis, S. Livi, R. J. MacDowall, D. Mitchell, E. Möbius, T. Moore, N. V. Pogorelov, D. Reisenfeld, E. Roelof, L. Saul, N. A. Schwadron, P. W. Valek, R. Vanderspek, P. Wurz, and G. P. Zank, Global Observations of the Interstellar Interaction from the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX), Science, 326 (5955), 959, DOI: 10.1126/science.1180906, 2009. 118 McComas, D. J., F. Allegrini, P. Bochsler, P. Frisch, H. O Funsten, M. Gruntman, P. H. Janzen, H. Kucharek, E. Mobius, D. B. Reisenfeld, and N. A. Schwadron, Lunar Backscatter and neutralization of the solar wind: First observations of neutral atoms from the Moon, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, 12, L1204, 2009. 119 Merkin, V. G., and J. G. Lyon, Effects of the Low-Latitude Ionospheric Boundary Condition on the Global Magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 2010. 120 Merkin, V. G., Effects of ionospheric O+ on the magnetopause boundary wave activity, in Challenges in Modern Physics, in press, 2010. 121 Mitchell, D., and 13 co-authors incl. J.T. Clarke, “Recurrent Energization of Plasma in the Midnight-to- Quadrant of Saturn’s Magnetosphere, and its Relationship to Auroral UV and Radio Emissions”, Plan. Sp. Sci. 57, 1732-1742, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2009.04.002 (2009). 123 Möbius, E., P. Bochsler, M. Bzowski, G. B. Crew, H. O. Funsten, S. A. Fuselier, A. Ghielmetti, D. Heirtzler, V. V. Izmodenov, M. Kubiak, H. Kucharek, M. A. Lee, T. Leonard, D. J. McComas, L. Petersen, L. Saul, J. A. Scheer, N. Schwadron, M. Witte, and P. Wurz, Direct Observations of Interstellar H, He, and O by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer, Science, 326 (5955), 969., DOI: 10.1126/science.1180971, 2009 124 Moldwin, M., G. Siscoe, and C. Schrijver: Structures of the magnetic field, in : Plasma Physics of the Local Cosmos, K Schrijver and G. Siscoe editors, Cambridge University Press, 139-162, 2009. 125 Moore, L., M. Galand, I. Mueller-Wodarg, and M. Mendillo, Response of Saturn’s ionosphere to solar radiation: Testing parameterizations for thermal electron heating and secondary ionization processes, Planetary and Space Science, 57, 14-15, 1699-1705, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2009.05.001, 2009.

35 126 Moreau, J. M., Clemens, D., Jameson, K., Pavel, M., & Pinnick, A., "Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging of Star Cluster Mercer 17", 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #455.27, BAAS, 42, 477 127 Nagy, A.F., A.J. Kliore, M. Mendillo, S. Miller, L. Moore, J.I. Moses, I. Mueller-Wodarg, and D. Shemansky. Upper atmosphere and ionosphere of Saturn. In: Saturn from Cassini- Huygens, M.K. Dougherty, L.W. Esposito, S.M. Krimigis (eds.). New York: Springer. 181-202, 2009. 128 Nichols, J. D., and 15 co-authors incl. J.T. Clarke, “Saturn’s Equinoctial Auroras”, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L24102, doi:10.1029/2009GL041491 (2009). 129 Nichols, J., J.T. Clarke, J.-C. Gérard, D. Grodent, and K.C. Hansen, “Variation of Different Components of Jupiter’s Auroral Emission”, J. Geophys. Res. 114, A06210, doi:10.1029/2009JA014051 (2009). 130 Nichols, J.D., J.T. Clarke, J.-C. Gérard, and D. Grodent, “Observations of Polar Auroral Filaments”, Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, L08101, doi:10.1029/2009GL03757 (2009). 131 Niehof, Jonathan T., Theodore A. Fritz, Reiner H. W. Friedel, and Jiasheng Chen, Size and location of cusp diamagnetic cavities observed by Polar, , J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2009JA014827, in press (accepted 21 January 2010) 132 Opgenoorth, Dhillon, Rosenqvist, Lester, Edberg, Milan, Withers and Brain, Dayside ionospheric conductivities at Mars, Planetary and Space Science, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2010.04.004 (2010). 133 Oppenheim, Meers M., Sugar, G., Slowey, N. O.; Bass, E. ; Chau, J. L.; Close, S. , Remote sensing lower thermosphere wind profiles using non-specular meteor echoes, Geophysical Research Letters, V. 36, I. 9, CiteID L09817, 2009 (featured as a search and discovery article in Wilson, Mark; Meteor trails track upper atmospheric winds, Physics Today, vol. 62, issue 6, p. 16) 134 Owens, M. J., Crooker, N. U., and Horbury, T. S. (2009), The expected imprint of flux rope geometry on suprathermal electrons in magnetic clouds, Ann. Geophys., 27, 4057- 4067. 135 Pallamraju, D., U. and S. Chakrabarti, Short- and long-timescale thermospheric variability as observed from OI 630.0 nm dayglow emissions from low-latitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 115, doi:10.1029/2009JA015042, 2010. 136 Parker, Charles W., James D. Sullivan, Joseph Coombs, David L. Voss, Doug B. Carssow, Anton Mavretic, Theodore A. Fritz, and Judy A. Fennelly, A High Sensitivity Telescope for Measurements of Energetic Particles in the Earth’s Radiation Belts, Proceedings of the SPIE conference, San Diego, CA, August 3-7, 2009 137 Pavel, M., “Simulations of Near-IR Polarimetric Observations”, 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #431.03, BAAS, 42, 362 138 Pinnick, A., Clemens, D. P., & Pavel, M., "Using Synthetic Polarization Images to Test and Validate the Automated Data Analysis Pipeline for the Galactic Plane Infrared Polarization Survey (GPIPS)", 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #438.02, BAAS, 42, 392 139 Poleski, R., McCullough, P. R., Valenti, J. A., Burke, C. J., Machalek, P., & Janes, K., "The XO Planetary Survey Project - Astrophysical False Positives", 2010, ApJS, in press

36 140 PourArsalan, M. L. W. Townsend, N. Schwadron, K. Kozarev, M. A. Dayeh, M. I Desai, Time-dependent estimates of organ dose and dose equivalent rates for human crews in deep space from the 26 October 2003 solar energetic particle event (Halloween Event) using the Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Environment Module, Submitted, Spaceweather Journal, 2009. 141 Pulkkinen, T., M. Palmroth , H. Koskinen, T. Laitinen , C. Goodrich , V. G. Merkin , J. Lyon, Magnetospheric modes and solar wind energy coupling efficiency, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A03207, doi:10.1029/2009JA014737, 2010. 142 Quemerais, E., R. Lallement, B. Sandel, and J.T. Clarke, “Interplanetary Lyman α Observations: Intensities from Voyagers and Line Profiles from HST/STIS”, Sp. Sci. Rev., 143, 151-162, doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9379-3 (2009). 143 Radioti, A., and 9 co-authors incl. J.T. Clarke, “Transient Auroral Features at Saturn: Signatures of Energetic Particle Injections in the Magnetosphere”, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A03210, doi:10.1029/2008JA013632 (2009). 144 Raiteri, C.M.,...,Jorstad, S.G.,...,Marscher, A.P., et al., “WEBT multiwavelength monitoring and XMM-Newton observations of BL Lacertae in 2007-2008. Unveiling different emission components,” 2009, AA, 507, 769 145 Randall, S. W., Forman, C., Markevitch, M., Blanton, E. L., Nulsen, P. E. J., & Forman, W., “Gas Sloshing, AGN Heating, and Bubbles in the Galaxy Group NGC5098”, 2009, at IAU Sympoium 267, ``Evolution of Galaxies and Central Black Holes: Feeding and Feedback'', Rio De Janeiro, Brazil 146 Randall, S. W., Forman, W. R., Giacintucci, S., Nulsen, P. E. J., Sun, M., Jones, C., DePasquale, J., Churazov, E., Kraft, R., Donahue, M., Blanton, E., Simionescu, A., & Werner, N., "Shocks and Cavities from Multiple Outbursts in the Galaxy Group NGC 5813: A Window to AGN Feedback", ApJ, submitted 147 Randall, S. W., Jones, C., Markevitch, M., Blanton, E. L., Nulsen, P. E. J., & Forman, W. R., “Gas Sloshing and Bubbles in the Galaxy Group NGC 5098”, ApJ, 700, 140 148 Rathborne, J. M., Jackson, J. M., Simon, R., & Zhang, Q., "Infrared Dark Clouds as Precursors to Star Clusters," 2009, Astrophysics and Space Sciences, 324, 155 149 Rathborne, J. M., Johnson, A. M., Jackson, J. M., Shah, R. Y., & Simon, R., "Molecular Clouds and Clumps in the Boston University-Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory Galactic Ring Survey," 2009, ApJS, 182,131 150 Roca-Sogorb, M., Gomez, J.L., Agudo, I., Marscher, A.P., & Jorstad, S.G., “Unexpected High Brightness Temperature 140 from the Core in the Jet of 3C~120,” 2010, ApJ, 712, L160 151 Roman-Duval, J., Jackson, J. M., Heyer, M.; Johnson, A., Rathborne, J., Shah, R., & Simon, R., "Kinematic Distances to Molecular Clouds Identified in the Galactic Ring Survey," 2009, ApJ, 699, 1153 152 Schinzel, F., Lobanov, A., Jorstad, S.G., Marscher, A.P., & Taylor, G.B., “Radio Flaring Activity of 3C 345 and its Connection to Gamma-Ray Emission,” 2010, in Fermi Meets Jansky - AGN at Radio and Gamma-Rays, ed. T. Savolainen et al. (Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie), in press

37 153 Schmidt, S. J., West, A. A., Burgasser, A. J., Bochanski, J. J., & Hawley, S. L., “Discovery of an Unusually Blue L Dwarf within 10 pc of the Sun”, 2010, AJ, 139, 1045 154 Schmidt, S. J., West, A. A., Hawley, S. L., & Pineda, J. S., “Colors and Kinematics of L Dwarfs From the Sloan Digital Sky Survey”, 2010, AJ, 139, 1808 155 Schmit, D. J., S. Gibson, G. De Toma, M. Wiltberger, W. J. Hughes, H. E. Spence, P. Riley, J. Linker, Z. Mikic, A novel metric for coronal MHD models, J. Geophys. Res., 114, 10.1029/2008JA013732, 2009. 156 Schrijver, K., and G. Siscoe (editors), Heliophysics: Plasma Physics of the Local Cosmos, K Schrijver and G. Siscoe editors, Cambridge University Press, 2009. 157 Schrijver, K., and G. Siscoe (editors), Heliophysics: Space Storms and Radiation: Causes and Effects, Cambridge University Press, 2010. 158 Schrijver, K., and G. Siscoe, Prolog, in Heliophysics: Plasma Physics of the Local Cosmos, K Schrijver and G. Siscoe editors, Cambridge University Press, pp. 1-20, 2009. 159 Schwadron, N. A. , L. Townsend, K. Kozarev, M. A. Dayeh, F. Cucinotta, M. Desia, M. Golightly, D. Hassler, R. Hatcher, M. Y. Kim, A. Posner, M. PourArsalan, H. E. Spence, and R. K. Squier, Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Environment Module framework, Space Weather, 8, 10.1029/2009SW000523, 2010. 160 Schwadron, N. A., M. Bzowski, G. B. Crew, M. Gruntman, H. Fahr, H. Fichtner, P. C. Frisch, H. O. Funsten, S. Fuselier, J. Heerikhuisen, V. Izmodenov, H. Kucharek, M. Lee, G. Livadiotis, D. J. McComas, E. Moebius, T. Moore, J. Mukherjee, N.V. Pogorelov, C. Prested, D. Reisenfeld, E. Roelof, and G.P. Zank, Comparison of Interstellar Boundary Explorer Observations with 3D Global Heliospheric Models, Science, 326 (5955), 966, DOI: 10.1126/science.1180986, 2009. 161 Schwadron, N. A., A. J. Boyd, K. Kozarev, M. Golightly, H. Spence, L. W. Townsend, M. Owens, Galactic Cosmic Ray Radiation Hazard in the Unusual Extended Solar Minimum between Solar Cycle 23 and 24, Spaceweather Journal, doi: 10.1029/2009SW000533, 2010. 162 Schwadron, N. A., A. J. Boyd, K. Kozarev, M. Golightly, H. Spence, L. W. Townsend, M. Owens, Galactic Cosmic Ray Radiation Hazard in the Unusual Extended Solar Minimum between Solar Cycle 23 and 24, Spaceweather Journal, In Press, 2010. 163 Schwadron, N. A., and D. J. McComas, Pickup Ions from Energetic Neutral Atoms, Astrophys. J. Lett., 712, L157, doi:10.1088/2041-8205/712/2/L157, 2010 164 Schwadron, N. A., Introduction to special section on the Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Environment Module, Space Weather, 7, S00E01, doi:10.1029/2009SW000525, 2009. 165 Schwadron, N. A., M. A. Dayeh, M. Desai, H. Fahr, J. R. Jokipii, and M. A. Lee, Superposition of stochastic processes and the resulting particles distributions, Astrophys. J. Lett., 713, 1386, 2010. 166 Schwadron, N., A., L. Townsend, K. Kozarev, M. A. Dayeh, F. Cucinotta, M. Desai, M. Golightly, D. Hassler, R. Hatcher, M. Y. Kim, A. Posner, M. PourArsalan, H. Spence, R. K. Squier: The Earth Moon Mars Radiation Environment Module Framework, Space Weather Journal, In Press, 2009. 167 Schwartz, Daniel A.,...Jorstad, S., Marscher, A., et al., “Inverse Analysis of the X-ray Jet in Quasar 4C 19.44,” 2009, BAAS, #214, #603.08

38 168 Shibahara, K., M. Nose, T. A. Fritz, and J. Niehof, A new generation mechanism of butterflypitch angle distributions of energetic ions: Multiple pitch angle scattering in the stretched magnetic field, , J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/ 2010JA015281R, in press (accepted 12 March 2010) 169 Shitanish, J., Balser, D. S., Bania, T. M., Rood, R. T., & Roshi, D. A., “Magnetic Fields in Photo-Dissociation Regions”, 2010, AAS Meeting #215, #415.14, BAAS, 42, 263 170 Siscoe, G, and C. Schrijver, Perspective on heliophysics, in K. Schrijver and G. Siscoe, in Heliophysics: Space Storms and Radiation: Causes and Effects, Cambridge University Press, pp. 1-14, 2010. 171 Siscoe, G. L., M. M. Kuznetsova, and J. Raeder, Search for an onset mechanism that operates for both CMEs and substorms, Ann. Geophys., 27, 3141-3146, 2009. 172 Smith, N., Whitney, B. A., Conti, P. S., de Pree, C. G., & Jackson, J. M., "Massive Star Formation and Feedback in W49A: The Source of our Galaxy's Most Luminous Water Maser Outflow," 2009, MNRAS, 399, 952 173 Smith, S.M., J. Baumgardner, and M. Mendillo (2009), Evidence of Mesospheric Gravity- Waves Generated by Orographic Forcing in the Troposphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L08807, doi:10.1029/2008GL036936. 174 Smith, S.M., J. Baumgardner, C.J. Mertens, J.M. Russell, M.G. Mlynczak, and M. Mendillo (2009), Mesospheric OH temperatures: Simultaneous ground-based and SABER OH measurements over Millstone Hill, J.,Adv. Space Res., doi:10.1016.j.asr.2009.09.022. 175 Solontoi, M, Ivezic, Z, West, A. A., [11 authors], “Detecting Active Comets with SDSS”, 2010, Icarus, 205, 605 176 Spence, H. E., et al., Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation on the LRO Mission, Space Sci. Rev., 150(1-4), 243-284, 2010. 177 Subramaniam, A., Carraro, G., & Janes, K. A., "Optical Photometry and Basic Parameters of 10 Unstudied Open Clusters", 2010, MNRAS, 404, 1385 178 Toffoletto, F, and G. Siscoe, Solar wind-magnetosphere coupling: an MHD perspective, in Heliophysics: Plasma Physics of the Local Cosmos, K Schrijver and G. Siscoe editors, Cambridge University Press, 295-323, 2009. 179 Touhami, Y., Gies, D. R., Richardson, N. D., Schaefer, G. H., Boyajian, T. S., Williams, S. J., Grundstrom, E. D., McSwain, V. M., Clemens, D. P., &Taylor, B., “Spectral Energy Distributions of Bright Be Stars and Other Massive Stars”, 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #428.17, BAAS, 42, 347 180 Touhami, Y., Richardson, N. D., Gies, D. R., Schaefer, G. H., Boyajian, T. S., Williams, S. J., Grundstrom, E. D., McSwain, M. V., Clemens, D. P., & Taylor, B. "Spectral Energy Distributions of Be and Other Massive Stars," 2010, PASP, 122, 379 181 Townsend, L., M. PourArsalan, F. A. Cucinotta, M. Y. Kim, and N. A. Schwadron, Transmission of solar energetic particles and galactic cosmic rays through the mars atmosphere, Submitted, Space Weather Journal, 2009. 182 Townsend, L.,…, J. A. Anderson, C. M. Framer, H. E. Spence, N. A. Schwadron, M. J. Golightly, F. A. Cucinotta, Predictions of the Linear Energy Transer Spectrum for the CRaTER Instrument During the LRO Mission, Submitted, Space Weather Journal, 2009.

39 183 Townsend, L.W., Y.M. Charara, N. Delauder, M. PourArsalan, J. A. Anderson, C.M. Fishers, H. E Spence, N. A. Schwadron, M. J. Golightly, and F. A. Cucinotta, Parameterizations of the linear energy transfer spectrum for the CRaTER instrument during the LRO mission, Space Weather, 8, 10.1029/2009SW000526,2010. 184 Vercellone, S.,...,Jorstad, S.G.,...,Marscher, A.P., et al., “Multiwavelength Observations of 3C 454.3. III. Eighteen Months of Agile Monitoring of the Crazy Diamond”, 2010, ApJ, 712, 405 185 Vernazza, P., Carry, B. Emery, J., Hora, J. L., Cruikshank, D., Binzel, R. P., Jackson, J., Helbert, J., & Maturilli, A., "Mid-infrared Spectral Variability For Compositionally Similar Asteroids," 2009, American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #41, #53.09 186 Viall, N., E. L. Kepko, and H. E. Spence, The Relative Occurrence Rates and Connection of Discrete Frequency Oscillations in the Solar Wind Density and Dayside Magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res, 114, A01201, doi:10.1029/2008JA013334, 2009. 187 Viall, N., H. E. Spence, and J. Kasper, Are periodic solar wind number density structures formed in the solar corona?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, 10.1029/2009GL041191, 2009. 188 Villata, M.,...,Jorstad, S.G.,...,Marscher, A.P., et al., “The GASP-WEBT Monitoring of 3C 454.3 during the 2008 Optical-to-Radio and Gamma-ray Outburst”, 2009, AA, 504, L9 189 Villata, M.,...,Jorstad, S.G.,...Marscher, A.P., et al., “The correlated optical and radio variability of BL Lacertae. WEBT data analysis 1994-2005”, 2009, AA, 501, 455 190 Voss, David L., Avi Gunda, Doug Carssow, Theodore Fritz, Anton Mavretic, James Sullivan, Judy Fennelly, Overview of the Loss Cone Imager Fixed Sensor Head Instrument, Proceedings of the SPIE conference, San Diego, CA, August 3-7, 2009. 191 Walsh, B. M., T. A. Fritz, and M. M. Klida, Energetic electrons in the exterior cusp: identifying the source, Ann. Geophys., 28, 983-992, 2010. 192 Walsh, B.M., Whitaker, K.E., Fritz, T.A., Chen, J., and Klida, M.: Reply to S. Fuselier et al.'s comment on "Energetic particle sounding of the magnetospheric cusp with ISEE-1", Ann. Geophys., 27, 447-450, 2009. 193 Wannawichian, S., J.T. Clarke, and J. Nichols, “Ten Year HST Observations of the Variation of the Jovian Satellites’ Auroral Footprint Brightness”, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A02206, doi:10.1029/2009JC014456 (2010). 194 West, A. A., Garcia-Appadoo, D. A., Dalcanton, J. J., Disney, M. J., Rockosi, C. M., & Ivezic, Z., “HI-selected Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II: The Colors of Gas- Rich Galaxies”, 2009, AJ, 138, 796 195 West, A. A., Garcia-Appadoo, D. A., Dalcanton, J. J., Disney, M. J., Rockosi, C. M., Ivezic, Z., Bentz, M. C., & Brinkmann, J., “HI-selected Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I: Optical Data”, 2010, AJ, 139, 315 196 Wing, J. & Blanton, E., “ Environments Surrounding Radio Sources”, 2010, American Astronomical Society Meeting #215, #436.29, BAAS, 42, 389 197 Withers and 42 colleagues, The ionosphere of Mars and its importance for climate evolution, white paper submitted to Planetary Science Decadal Survey (2009).

40 198 Withers, A review of observed variability in the dayside ionosphere of Mars, Advances in Space Research, 44, 277-307 (2009). 199 Withers, Prediction of uncertainties in atmospheric properties measured by radio occultation experiments, Advances in Space Research, 46, 58-73 (2010). 200 Wu, P., D. Winske, S. P. Gary, and N. A. Schwadron, Energy dissipation and ion heating at the heliospheric termination shock, J. Geopjys. Res., 114, A13, 8103, doi: 10.1029/2009JA014240, 2009. 201 Young, M., Elvis, M., Marscher, A., & Risaliti, G., “The SDSS/XMM-Newton Quasar Survey: Accretion Physics via Trends and Outliers,” 2010, BAAS, #215, #311.02 202 Young, M., Elvis, M., Risaliti, G., & Marscher, A., “Understanding the Relation between Optical and X-ray Emission in Quasars,” 2010, AAS HEAD meeting, BAAS #11, #7.01 203 Young, M., Elvis, M., Risaliti, G., & Marscher, A., “Understanding the Relation between Optical and X-ray Emission in Quasars”, poster paper at the 20th New England Regional Quasar and AGN Meeting 204 Zong, Q.-G., X.-Z. Zhou, Y. F. Wang, X. Li, P. Song, D. N. Baker, T. A. Fritz, P. W. , M. Dunlop, and A. Pedersen (2009), Energetic electron response to ULF waves induced by interplanetary shocks in the outer radiation belt, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A10204, doi:10.1029/2009JA014393.

41