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Round the Works of Our Great Railways

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Round the Works of Our Great Railways BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Henrg W. Sage XS91 4^xj^k /^^.. 3 1924 031 olin.anx 260 031 Cornell University Library The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924031260031 ROUND THE WORKS OF OUR GREAT RAILWAYS By various AUTHORS lith iUtt0ttaiiott0 LONDON EDWARD ARNOLD 37 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND, W.C. ^ublis^er to t^c |nMa @Hict [Aii rights reserved] Richard Clay & Sons, Limited, London & Bungay. CONTENTS. CHAP, PAGE I. London and North -Western Works at Crewe i By C. J. BowEN Cooke (Assistant Running Superintendent, Locomotive Department). II. Midland Railway Works at Derby ... ... 35 By Charles Henry Jones (Assistant Locomotive Superintendent of the Midland Railway, Southern Division). III. Great Northern Railway Works at Don- caster 70 By a. J. Brickwell (Of the Surveyor's Department, King's Cross). IV. North-Eastern Railway and its Engines ... 96 By Wilson Worsdell (Chief Locomotive Superintendent). V. Great Eastern Railway Works at Stratford 120 By Alex. P. Parker (Secretary to the Locomotive Superintendent). VI. Great Western Railway Works at Swindon 151 By a. H. Malan. VII. The Old Broad Gauge Engines and their Successors 171 By a. H. Malan. VIII. North British Railway Works at Cowlairs 214 By a. E. Lockyer. —• LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. I. London and North-Western Works at Crewe. From Oi'ficial Photographs. Offices of the Locomotive Department—Boiler Shop—Eight-Ton Steam Hammer—Rail Mill, Crewe Works—Engine Erected in Twenty-five Hours : Fii&t, Second, and Third Stages—Completed, and Workmen Wolverton Bloomer Engine "Torch"— "Charles Dickens"— " Her- schel "— "Lady of the Lake"—Eight-Wheeled Side Tank Engine Special Tank Engine—Coal Engine— Six- Wheeled Coupled Express Goods Engine— "Marchioness of Stafford"— " Jeanie Deans" " Greater Bfit.iin " ... ... ... ... ... ... ... p. I II. Midland Railway Works at Derby. From Photographs by Mr. Scotton, the Company's Official Photographer. Two Twenty-Ton Overhead Travelling Cranes lifting a Locomotive Boiler Shop— Steam Riveter —Tyre-boring Machine —Wheel Shop — Machine Shop, showing Travelling Crane—Erecting Shop—Engine Stable, or Running Shed— Single-Wheel Express Bogie Passenger Engine—Four-Wheeled Coupled Express Bogie Passenger Engine— Four-Wheeled Coupled Bogie Passenger Tank Engine— Six- Wheeled Coupled Goods Tank Engine— Six- Wheeled Coupled Goods Engine Twelve-Wheeled Composite Carriage—.Small Goods Tank Engine View of the Cab and Chimney Ends of a Midland Engine /. 35 III. Great Northern Works at Doncaster. No. 776, " Jubilee " Class, built in 1887, and exhibited at Newcastle and Edinburgh : from a photograph by J. Wormald, I^eeds—Dining Car — Locomotive Erecting Shop—Steam Hammer—Wheel Lathe —The Coke-Breaker—Spring Shop—Engine No. 458, built in 1866—Engine No. 850, built in 1892—Engine No. 868, built in 1892—Engine No. 42 —Tank Engine built for the Dock Traffic—Engine No. 932, built in 1892—Engine No. 875, built in 1892 A 7° IV. North-Eastern Railway and its Engines. From Official Photographs. Boiler Shop—Carriage-building Shop—The Forge Shop—Engine Stable Wheel and Crank Axle Shop—Stephenson's " Locomotion," built 1825 —Coaling Jetty, Tyne Dock—North-Eastern Colliers Anchored during — LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. vii the Durham Coal Strike, Tyne Dock—Compound Express Passenger Engine—One of the " Tennant Express" Engines— Passenger Side Tank Engine —York Station (N.E.R.)— Compound Goods Side Tanlc Engine—Standard Crank Axle (N.E.R.)—Standard Snow-Plough V. Great Eastern Railway Works at Stratford. From Official Photographs. Group of Olivers—Erecting Shop—Engine built and in steam in Ten Working Hours—Wheel Shop — Sinclair's Express, 1862 —Worsdell's Four-Coupled Express, 1882—Holden's Express, 1888—Holden's Six- Coupled. Tank Engine—Holden's Four-Coupled Express : from a photo- graph by W. M. Spooner & Co., Strand—Worsdell's Two-Cylinder Compound, 1884—Worsdell's Six-Coupled Goods Engine, 1883 Sinclair's Four-Coupled Passenger Engine, 1859—Holden's Mixed Traffic Engine, 1891 —Holden's Liquid Fuel Express Engine, 1886 Old Third Class Carriage ... ... ... /. 120 VI. Great Western Railway Works at Swindon. From Photographs by A. H. Malan. Log Frame Sawing Machine — Engine-Traversing Table — Hydraulic Wheel Press—Lathe for Turning Locomotive Crank Axles^Lathe for Turning Crank-Pins—Planin.g Machine for Finishing Crank- Webs Lathe for Large Locomotive Wheels— Frame-Plate Slotting Machine Frame-Plate Planing Machine—In the Carriage-building Shop /. 151 VII. The Old Broad Gauge Engines and their Successors. From Photographs by A. H. Malan. " Rover" ("Lord of the Isles" Class) —Bristol and Exeter Engine—The "Iron Duke" — South Devon Saddle-tank Engine, "Lance" "Timour"—Up " Jubilee " going through Exminster— "Dutchman" at full speed down gradient, passing Stoke Canon Station—New Narrow Gauge Engine, No. 3017—The "Great Western"—Fronts of " Great Western "and New Narrow Gauge Engine, No. 3014 /. 171 viii. North British Railway Works at Cowlairs. From Photographs by A. E. Lockyer. The Incline at Cowlairs—The Erecting Shop—Constructing the Wooden Wheel —Twenty-Ton Crane ready for the Road—Main Line Passenger Engine —Suburlian Passenger Tank Engine—Eighteen-Inch Standard Goods Locomotive—Passenger Engine which fell into the Tay in 1879 —Small Shunting Tank Engine ... /• 214 ROUND THE WORKS OF OUR GREAT RAILWAYS. CHAPTER I. THli: LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY WORKS AT CREWE. By C. J. BOWEN COOKE, [Assistant Running Superintendent, Locomotive Department.] There is no busier railway station in the country than Crewe, the principal junction of the London and North- Western system. Through it more than six hundred passenger and goods trains run every twenty- four hours. The locomotive works which extend for a mile and a half in length are situated in the fork of land between the Liverpool and Chester and Holyhead lines, close by the side of the latter ; but before describing what may be seen inside these works, I will say a few words about the town in which they are situated. Crewe has no architectural pretensions, but consists principally of small red-brick houses, inhabited by work- ing-men all in the service of the Company. Its rise and 2 ROUND THE WORKS OF OUR GREAT RAILWAYS. progress are contemporaneous with the development of the London and North-Western Raihvay Company. Sixty years ago on its present site it contained a popu- lation of one hundred and forty-eight souls. On July 4, 1837, the first train passed through this small village on, what was then called, the Grand Junction Railway. OFFICES OF THE LOCOMOTIVE DEPARTMENT. An amalgamation was in that year effected between the Manchester and Liverpool, the Manchester and Birming- ham, the London and Birmingham, and other lines. The new Company was called the London and North-Western, and in August 1842, the complete line, so far as it had been constructed, was opened to the public. The authori- THE LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. 3 ties connected with this great undertaking were not slow to perceive the central situation of Crewe. It was ap- parent that several lines must converge there, and that it would thus become a great meeting-place for railways. IIOILER SIIUP. It was seen, too, that the place would be an admirable site for the construction of locomotive engines, carriages, and wagons, the result being that in 1843 the Grand Junction Works, which had previously been situated at Edge Hill, Liverpool, were transferred to Crewe, and 4 ROUND THE WORKS OF OUR GREAT RAILWAYS. from that time the development of the town began. In 1853, however, . the wagon department was removed to Earlestown, and in 1861 the carriage department was transferred to Wolverton, and so the Crewe Works are now entirely given up to the manufacture of locomotives. In 1 841 the population of Crewe was 203, having in- creased only fifty-five in ten years. In 1851, eight years after the establishment of the works, the population had it in it risen to 4,571 ; in 1861 was 8,159; 1871 had in- creased to 17,810; and at the present time it is 30,000. In 1843 the works occupied from two and a half to three acres of ground, the number of men employed being 161. They now occupy 116 acres, thirty-six of which are covered ; the number of men employed being upwards of 7000. In May 1876 the completion of the 2000th engine was signalized by public rejoicing. On July 4, 1887, the 3000th engine was completed. Crewe possesses a Mechanics' Institute, built and sup- ported by the Company. Excellent science and art classes are connected with the Institute, and its students have won more Whitworth Scholarships than any other place in the country. It has also a well-stocked library and good reading-room. There is a Volunteer Engineer Corps, 600 strong, composed entirely of men employed in the works. A well-trained Works Fire Brigade has its dep6t close to the offices, and in case of a fire break- ing out while the men are off duty, they can be instantly summoned by means of electrical communication which is established between the " Time Offices " at the works and the house of each member of the brigade. With the exception of two sewing factories employing female THE LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. 5 labour, there is no other source of employment whatever in Crewe, except that afforded by the Ra'hvay Company. The Parliamentary division is named after the town, which comprises more than half the electorate. In 1848 the Queen, Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales, and other EIGHT-TON STEAM UAMMbK. members of the Royal Family, paid an unexpected visit to the town, and stayed the night at the Crewe Arms Hotel, on their route to London from Scotland.
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