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WRA Species Report Family: Rosaceae Taxon: Rubus loganobaccus Synonym: Rubus ursinus var. loganobaccus (L. H. Bailey Common Name: boysenberry loganberry phenomenal-berry tayberry Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: H(HPWRA) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 11 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- Low substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- Intermediate high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 n 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 y 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 410 Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) y=1, n=0 y Print Date: 1/26/2012 Rubus loganobaccus (Rosaceae) Page 1 of 9 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 y 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 y 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n 504 Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) y=1, n=0 n 601 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat y=1, n=0 n 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 y 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 y 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 2 4+ years = -1 701 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y=1, n=-1 y areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 n 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 y 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 n 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 n 802 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y=1, n=-1 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 y 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 y 805 Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) y=-1, n=1 Designation: H(HPWRA) WRA Score 11 Print Date: 1/26/2012 Rubus loganobaccus (Rosaceae) Page 2 of 9 Supporting Data: 101 2012. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources [Is the species highly domesticated? No] "Originated in Napa, California, by Program. Rubus loganobaccus L. H. Bailey Rudolph Boysen. Introduced in 1935 by Walter Knott, Knott's Berry Farm, Buena ROSACEAE 'Boysen' Germplasm Resources Park, California. Parentage unknown but is of type as might be expected from a Information Network - (GRIN). [Online Database]. Logan x Lucretia cross; some consider Himalaya as the female parent; seedling http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi- grown about 1920; bushes transplanted to Anaheim, California, in the late 1920s. bin/npgs/acc/display.pl?1448308 Fruit: black; flavor very fine but not as sweet as Young; size extremely large, 1.25 inches or more long; rather soft; aroma distinct; covered with a dusty bloom; bears through August in some areas, ripens 1 week before Young. Bush: trailing (dewberry type); more vigorous that Young; high yields. In California, Boysen and Nectar are different varieties. -- Brooks and Olmo Register of Fruit and Nut Varieties. Fruit black, flavor very fine, very large. Midseason, vigorous, yields to 4Tons/Acre in Oregon." [Although this is an artificial cultivar, there does not appear to be any significant loss of competitive traits. There is not enough evidence at this time to conclude that this cultivar has lost its ability to survive without human assisted cultivation.] 102 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 103 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 201 2012. Plants For A Future Database. Rubus [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 0-Low] "Seed - requires loganobaccus. stratification and is best sown in early autumn in a cold frame. Stored seed http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=R requires one month stratification at about 3°c and is best sown as early as ubus+loganobaccus possible in the year." [For the special cases of a temperate species whose seeds have been reported to require cold stratification for germination, the answer to this question is 0(low) and the answer to question 2.02 is 1 (intermediate) regardless of knowledge of the species native range. Curt Daehler, pers. comm.] 202 2012. Plants For A Future Database. Rubus [Quality of climate match data? 1-intermediate] "Seed - requires stratification and loganobaccus. is best sown in early autumn in a cold frame. Stored seed requires one month http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=R stratification at about 3°c and is best sown as early as possible in the year." [For ubus+loganobaccus the special cases of a temperate species whose seeds have been reported to require cold stratification for germination, the answer to this question is 0(low) and the answer to question 2.02 is 1 (intermediate) regardless of knowledge of the species native range. Curt Daehler, pers. comm.] 203 2012. Dave's Gardern. PlantFiles: Boysenberry - [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? Yes. Although not tropical] Rubus ursinus 'Boysen'. "USDA Zone 5a: to -28.8 °C (-20 °F) USDA Zone 5b: to -26.1 °C (-15 °F) USDA http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/135105/ Zone 6a: to -23.3 °C (-10 °F) USDA Zone 6b: to -20.5 °C (-5 °F) USDA Zone 7a: to -17.7 °C (0 °F) USDA Zone 7b: to -14.9 °C (5 °F) USDA Zone 8a: to -12.2 °C (10 °F) USDA Zone 8b: to -9.4 °C (15 °F) USDA Zone 9a: to -6.6 °C (20 °F) USDA Zone 9b: to -3.8 °C (25 °F) USDA Zone 10a: to -1.1 °C (30 °F) USDA Zone 10b: to 1.7 °C (35 °F)" [Can grow in 5 hardiness zones: 5 to 10] 203 2012. HerbiGuide. Loganberry - Rubus [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No] "Climate: Temperate. loganobaccus L. Bailey. Mediterranean." http://www.herbiguide.com.au/Descriptions/hg_Lo ganberry.htm 204 2012. HerbiGuide. Loganberry - Rubus [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? No] loganobaccus L. Bailey. "Climate: Temperate. Mediterranean." http://www.herbiguide.com.au/Descriptions/hg_Lo ganberry.htm 204 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? No] Naturalized in regions with temperate climates. [See 3.01. May be able to naturalize in higher elevations of Hawaii and other tropical islands] 205 2012. Online Atlas of the British and Irish flora. [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Rubus loganobaccus (Loganberry). range? Yes] "Neophyte. A hexaploid hybrid species, which was introduced into http://www.brc.ac.uk/plantatlas/index.php?q=plant Britain in 1897 and which is popular in gardens where it is grown for its fruits. It /rubus-loganobaccus was first recorded from the wild in Britain in 1938 (Surrey), and may be increasing." 205 2012. Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural — The Western Australian Flora - Rubus range? Yes] "Origin. Only cultivated, originating from cultivar in California. History loganobaccus L.H.Bailey. Department of of use / introduction. Likely escapee from local hobby / berry farms. Has edible Environment and Conservation, fruits. Genetic source for blackberry cultivars." http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/204 95 Print Date: 1/26/2012 Rubus loganobaccus (Rosaceae) Page 3 of 9 301 2012. HerbiGuide. Loganberry - Rubus [Naturalized beyond native range? Yes] "It has naturalised in south-western loganobaccus L. Bailey. Western Australia; Eyre Peninsula, the mid-North region and from Fleurieu http://www.herbiguide.com.au/Descriptions/hg_Lo Peninsula in South Australia; the Canberra region in New South Wales; the ganberry.htm Ballarat region of Victoria and from south-eastern Tasmania." 301 2012.
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