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. /. a - . 1003.11 7.k) OW\ER. Controlled -1),y ,arctiVuilleid &tom e.524ealo „oz.. - fr ■ r 0 • 04,-7> skS' A 041 0'11 , 4091 1:•ak." 0:!744 P11-4 4Ir` AW , 7 -- 4. iFT".7 V".• Wik da.; sv2 No. 2 VOL. XIV PRICE FOURPENCE APRIL, 1937 ORA ttOri , cc• <1., c' Is The MORRIS Owner Editorial Opinions THE LEADING BRITISH MOTORING MONTHLY THE MORRIS OWNER is published monthly by The Morris- PETROL AT NIGHT Oxford Press Ltd., Cowley, Oxford. AU matter relating either to advertisements or editorial announcements should be addressed BE FAIR TO THE GARAGE MAN to THE MORRIS OWNER, NCE more we have had a letter from a garage The Morris-Oxford Press Ltd., owner with a grievance. He complains that Cowley, Oxford. O not infrequently he is called down in the night Telephone: 7101 Cowley, Oxford. Tekgrams : " Morpress," Telex, Oxford. Telex: Oxford Telex 3622. at the behest of a passing motorist and told that Advertisements of goods manufactured by concerns of good somebody has run out of petrol, or that there has repute only are accepted for publication in THE MORRIS been an accident, a few miles up the road, and OWNER. Advertisers' statements or claims are not necessarily drives out to discover that someone else has provided endorsed officially by Morris Motors Ltd. assistance and the car has gone on its way. It will be realised that the nocturnal activities of garages are of first importance to the motorist. In CONTENTS for these days it is seldom that we want anything more APRIL, 1937 than petrol, but, quite apart from the wrongs and PAGE rights of the matter, it is incumbent upon us to do EDITORIAL ... ... .•• ... 127 all we can to assist those who will break—or give A SPRING CLEAN POE TUE SUMP ... ... • • ... 180 SEE Tune THINDs Ron YOURSELF ... ...... -• ... 138 up—their night's rest on our behalf. ALGERIA AS A HOLIDAY TOURING GROUND ... •• • ... 134 III LAW SAYS— We believe the most frequent causes of these false ••• ••• — .. 187 C RowNEft'S QuasT ... ... ... .."...... —...... 14313 alarms is the circumstance that a motorist running RUNNING HINTS IN PICTURES F ASHION AT THE WHEEL ... ... ...... •...... 142 out of petrol will often ask two or more people to call A FINE Naw WoLseLav ... — ... — "• "• ''' 145 at the next garage, and there is not always unanimity HEREL THERE AND EVERYWHERE ... — — — ••• — 1" of opinion as to what constitutes the "next." THE COUNTRY Or LADY JANE GREY ... 152 ('000 WoRK If the next garage en route is only a small one, and 1.10EMS FOR THE kING'S HIGHWAY ... ••• ••• ••• ... 164 "RITAINtS an imposing building is situated farther up the road, RAREST WILD FLOWICRS .. ••• •••• "• ••• ••• 167 il..AcEs AND THEIR NAMES O — — '•• it is quite likely that the Good Samaritan will go to man OWEN RV OPINIONS ... ... ...... ••• ...... 181 I NpoRMATION BUREAU ••• ... — ••• ••• •• • .. . 188 the second one, while the equally Good Samaritan ORA crs' The MORRIS Owner 128 APRIL, 1987 Editorial Opinions—contd. As the result of a collision between a car and a horse and cart, the insurance company behind the instructed a little later will call at the first, unaware motorist made an offer of &55 which was actually that there is someone already attending to the matter. lodged in court with the defence. But the jury who . • tried the case awarded only £125 as being sufficient PETROL PUMPS in the circumstances. WHY DID THE " SHILLING-IN-THE-SLOT " DISAPPEAR? The judge considered this a verdict for the TT would be interesting to know how we must defendant and accordingly ordered not only that the I. account for the disappearance of the shilling- difference between £125 and £255 be returned, but in-the-slot petrol pump. A few years ago this also that the costs of the action should be allowed very useful means of supplying petrol was to be to the defendant. In effect this implied that the discovered by the wayside in .moderate numbers, plaintiff received virtually nothing, as five counsel, that is to say that on a fifty-mile run one could be with their attendant solicitors, were engaged in sure of coming upon one somewhere. the case. It may be that now that there are more always- Generally speaking, when a reputable insurance open service stations the need for it is less, but at company makes an offer it is a just one. In this par- the same time we definitely believe that it fulfilled ticular instance, according to the jury it was generous. a useful mission. We hope the widest publicity will be given to As a matter of fact it is only on the main roads this case among those whose business it is to adjust radiating from London and large cities that the claims between motorists—or rather their insuratce always-open garage can certainly be found. For companies—and those involved in collisions. instance, during the month a member of our staff . • could not buy petrol after 10.30 p.m. between THE NO-PARKING BOMBSHELL Hitchin and Oxford without knocking up a garage COULD IT BE DONE? proprietor. E doubt very much if Mr. Hore-Belisha could We believe the shilling-in-the-slot pump is a much carry out his recent threat to cause still more better proposition than the night bell, and if some- W inconvenience and hardship for the motorist one could devise a comprehensive sort of coin box, by prohibiting parking. We have to consider that the such as is used for the telephone, to take half-crowns city tradespeople and business folk who are interested ow? and two-shilling pieces in addition, it would be ,torp in the spending of money will assuredly assert them- 'A <<, supported by the public. selves to prevent such an unjust and uncalled-for crs' If any garage proprietor who installed a shilling- measure coming into force, and those who pay the piper in-the-slot pump and abandoned it would care to in London have many organisations ready and capable give his reasons, we should be very happy to publish of calling the tune. his letter in the correspondence columns. • . HOW TO BUILD ROADS GUARD RAILS ARE DANGEROUS A LETTER TO LOCAL AUTHORITIES ACCORDING TO HAMMERSMITH VERY motorist will commend the Minister of s a sequel to the agitation on Westway for Transport for his circular recently sent out to a thirty-mile limit, when local inhabitants E local authorities on the subject of road con- A strewed themselves across the road as a protest struction. He asks that all future highways shall against the use of the highway for the purpose for be constructed free from blind corners, and that which it was intended, it is interesting to note that every bend should have a minimum radius of r000 the local Council now consider that guard rails will feet. He further asks that road junctions wherever be dangerous. possible should be at least a quarter of a mile apart We suspect the real trouble with Hammersmith and that all vehicles approaching one another at is that guard rails cost money. bends and also on inclines and bridges shall have However, if it is a question of money between safety clear visibility for at least 5oo feet. and the children, let the Ministry of Transport supply Other recommendations include banking on all the guard rails. Westway was constructed as a curves, the abolition of bottle-neck bridges and the national highway, and the fact that short-sightedness generous provision of guard rails where prudence has permitted each side of it to become a working- demands them, including the edges of cyclists' tracks class residential district does not change its character. where the tracks have to be level with the road. Motorists have supplied plenty of money for the work. It would seem that the Ministry of Transport is • • at last realising that it is the highways which are HE WON. responsible in most instances for accidents, and seldom drivers, who hitherto have borne the brunt BUT HAD TO PAY of the Ministry's efforts at reform. CORRESPONDENT sends us a newspaper It is interesting to note that the Ministry's recom- A cutting of a very interesting insurance case mendations have been put into effect in Germany tried in Dublin, which might serve as a lesson for the last five years and in the United States for to optimistic claimants against motorists. a still longer period. oftli crs. — — APRIL, 1987 129 The MORRIS Owner TO AFRICA 4.... WITH A .--- - -- . " FOURTEEN " ...„,,.„- An interesting suggestion for a II* .7,-... -17 ' ' .. ,... ..:: holiday run ..- _ • ' See page 134 • .. ... - -.., _ - ..._ . • 7: 4eArtc: ;3' . . .. —,..• .,.... •— - Storks on their nests on the roofs of native huts near Bougie. .--- 0 II a 0 8 I I I 11 -,-. • ..... ■•■■■ 4•-••••••'•• . ___.....,. _ . • . ,. -.15..-- , . . •--- . _:___,... It t 4 V--. , . • •.". '.' . ------• OR A 4•0‹p • t cis <<- . k,,,,,-, , s..7m.P. .A.-r•ilettrimPanso.--..., The Morris in the market-place at Biskra, where i',-!•''''.:-': --`-. , - .. • .- . business proceeds with dignity rather than dispatch. (0) . -..: . .' , . . ... .- - • - - ' , – . '-• ' • _•- • ;`...-1.-.- . ... . One of the many Bedouin camps to be found in the desert. I • •-■- A comparison in transport. The four-footed variety appears to be well loaded, as is usual in this part of the world. 0 Arriving at an oasis, the most welcome sight a traveller can experience. 41111\% The MORRIS Owner 30 APRIL, 1937 A SPRING CLEAN FOR THE SUMP About every 10 ,000 miles it is advisable to cleanse the oil container and the large filter at the base of the engine By C. R. LUCATO • • Make sure that the sump Is held firmly when the last two bolts are withdrawn. TT is unlikely that many owners will wish them- be situated some distance from a Morris Service 1 selves to drop the sump when, after ten thousand Station may like to know how to do the work them- miles or so, it is thought advisable to clean selves, and provided they exercise ordinary care and it out. intelligence there is no reason why the work should It might be just as well to point out that the easiest not be done at home. method of all is to drive the car round to a Morris Clearly the first operation will be to get rid of the Depot and ask them to do the job for you. At best 1101' oil by undoing the drain plug, and while it is running (ORA ttp it is a dirty process, great care is needed in re- away it might be prudent to rub soap into our nails 401'p 4c, assembling, and, of course, the saving is very little and over our hands generally—unless you are one cis'‘ indeed—actually it costs only 55. 6d. for a Morris of those clever people who can work in old gloves. Twelve. Incidentally, this draining is best carried out after However, overseas readers and others who may returning from a lengthy run, when the oil is warm and fluid. The dipstick, and, in the very early models, the conical oil filler cap, must be withdrawn in order to prevent damage when the sump is lowered, although, of course, it does not actually interfere with the process of detachment. Raise the Front We must now make provision for lifting up the front of the chassis—that is to say, haul up the front . of the car from two to three feet, unless we are so fortunate as to have access to an inspection pit. Another method of producing the same result is to construct a ramp out of two planks and a pile of wood blocks, but we must make sure that the car is firmly in place, as the consequences of its toppling over when we are underneath could be very serious. On the early models (Cowleys and four- and six- cylinder Oxfords) the next process is to detach the spring clips holding the tray to the frame ; in the later types (where no tray is fitted) it is merely neces- sary to undo the bolts around its edge which hold the sump in place, in order to remove it. On the Cowleys and four-cylinder Oxfords there are two studs securing the forward end of the sump. These studs are held by two nuts in the vicinity of the magneto drive coupling ; they are slotted and can be released by means of a long screwdriver. 4sighOR'?2p ( .16-WV .40*ORA , crs' APRIL, 1987 131 The MORRIS Owner A Spring Clean for the Sump—contd. care is exercised and the gaskets are not damaged during sump removal, they can be used again. On the older six-cylinder models it will be observed Incidentally, as the sump falls away the remainder that there is a semi-circular cover bolted to the back of the oil may be splashed over the operator or his of the flywheel housing, and it is important that the environment if he is not prepared for it. two upper bolts on either side should be unscrewed With the sump detached it will now be a simple before attempting to take off the sump. matter to give the filter a thorough clean with a If possible, one should arrange for a friend to take brush dipped in paraffin. It is a big mistake to use the weight of the sump when it is actually dropped. a rag, as however smooth the material may appear When the sump is ready to be detached the there is always the risk of little bits of fluff getting hexagon headed bolts should all be removed except into the oiling system with disastrous consequences. two, one on either side of the middle of the sump. When the filter has been cleaned thoroughly it Their purpose is to prevent the sump from falling should be detached by undoing the nuts by which suddenly away when the nuts are being undone, it is secured, and allowed to drain. The sump itself and it is to undo these final two that the help of an may now be cleaned out with paraffin and the brush, assistant is indicated. avoiding, once more, the use of rag, drying it by the Don't Break It If it is impossible to find an assistant, great care must be taken that the sump does not suddenly fall when the last bolt is removed. If it should stick it will be necessary to prise open the joint with a large screwdriver or similar instrument, taking great care that the washer is not damaged. In no cir- cumstances should undue force be used. A Word of warning should be given concerning the use of a screwdriver or other sharp implement, otherwise it is almost certain that the cork gasket on recent models will be damaged. Earlier models having jointing gaskets of paper should have the joint made oiltight by the use of a jointing compound on both sides of the gasket. 44" Gaskets so treated will, of course, be rendered useless for refitting when the sump is replaced, and the remains of the old gasket and jointing compound should be conscientiously cleaned from the faces of both sump and engine casting. The later models fitted with cork gaskets are assembled with the gaskets treated with jointing simple process of inverting it and allowing it to compound on one face only, so that they remain drain. When the process of reassembly is about fixed in position on either the sump or the cylinder to be essayed an assistant is again desirable but block casting when the joint is parted. Provided great not essential. On models that have a cork gasket between the sump and the base of the engine we must on no account replace a damaged gasket, and it is prudent, if we are carrying out the work at the week-end, to have one on hand in readiness—it is quite cheap to buy. Flywheel Housing Bolts On the models where we have to noire a joint between the facek of the sump and flywheel . ...housing, it is prudent to tighten up. the two lowermost housing bolts before any attempt ' is made to replace any of the others, except two at the for- ward end to hold the sump M position, and these should only Ow? 4sigh2p ( Wy- z. The MORRIS Owner 132 APRIL, 1937 A Spring Clean for the Sump—contd. filler cover should be removed and the filter filled up with oil. On this model it is prudent to detach be finger-tight, and two at the var attaching the the filter and clean it, and when replacing it should sump to the cylinder block; th ese latter can be be remembered that the filter is inserted first and the screwed up quite tightly. They can be slackened large coil spring above it ; the cap should be screwed off as soon as the lowermost bolts are tight, and the on tightly and the gasket should be in good condition remaining flywheel housing bolts can be tightened in order to seal the joint. While the cover is detached up, after which the rearmost sui mp bolts can be it may be examined for cracks or other damage. tightened again. If the first priming filling of oil does not induce a The remaining sump bolts may • now be replaced sustained pressure on the gauge we ought to fill up in rotation, starting from the rear and working for- again, if necessary two or three times in the case of ward, and, needless to add, we rr lust not forget to certain stubborn engines. Therefore, if at the first replace the engine trays at the sat ne time (if fitted), attempt pressure is not shown, we need not be greatly and filially the engine tray clips, a .nd we must make alarmed, although it is necessary that it should sure that they are securely fixed, < )therwise they are be visible on the gauge before proceeding on the likely to drop off on the road. road or running the engine for any sustained It now remains only to fill up 1 he sump with oil, period. and we ought to make sure that we have sufficient In later engines with external gear type oil pumps on hand, bearing in mind that SI mme of the recent driven from an inclined shaft no priming is required, sumps hold two gallons. unless the engine has been rotated while the sump is Before proceeding on ti le road we should take great withdrawn, thus draining the oil passages. In such care to observe that the oil pressure is constant on cases the pump should be primed after the sump has the gauge. On overheat l-valve Minors it is some- been replaced and filled with oil to the correct level times found that the oil pressure may not be sus- by removing the special priming plug provided on tained. In this event it will probably be found that the pump body and pouring in oil until it begins the filter has lost its oil priming, in which case the to flow from the plug orifice. Trafficators into the matter. It is possible that the tising sign have often wondered why present legal difficulty will be overcome the Minister of Transport does not do L awkward legal position has by a regulation specifying that a something to control the unrestricted IORI? Lit. arisen in Parliament following trafficator, correctly used, may be sub- use of this new medium of advertising. 401l, the judgment in a recent motor- stituted for the ordinary hand signal. The Minister has no actual power to car accident case that the red light deal with the problem himself, but cis‘ side indicator on a car cannot be re- highway authorities are permitted garded as a substitute for a hand Neon Signs under the Road Traffic Act, z93o signal. When the matter was drawn RIVERS who have had the un- (Section 48), to require "the removal to the Minister of Transport's atten- pleasant experience of stopping of any traffic sign or any object which tion in the House of Commons and D before what they thinlc is- a red closely resembles a traffic sign that he was asked to rectify the position, traffic light only to find to their annoy- it might reasonably be taken for such he could only say that he was looking ance that the light is merely an adver- a sign." FOR TYNESIDE TRAVELLERS.—rart of a fleet of forty-two Morris cars dellvered by Messrs. A. & D. Fraser Ltd., of Glasgow, to Messrs. J. Dampney & Co. Ltd.. manufacturers of paint, varnish and enamel, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, for their travelling representatives. Messrs. Dampney favour the policy of renewing their fleet every year. (ORA. 4sigh2p .16WV- Loft)i), A cc" 4/ APRIL, 1937 133 The MORRIS Owner SEE THESE THINGS FOR YOURSELF - , .,..; , ' . ur • • .::::. . ,,,..:• \-st. ÷ ' !fo. 4'Irt \ 1 ..• s', f.'.., , .. : ,,....,..,\„,.,,,7,-,:,:e.co ..... 14 A Ri___: .- :.....:;.;<.;"..,..:-.04. ,:•.-N-...-:Y-1.-iw**.:.1imes:::::$,:Kimw:.;:::*:i:0::,::::".::4:::„00040.:.-....,.; k:s•A4,::, i . — .. .. . • - • . ,:-*:*:.-:""•:::::::::::::::,, :,:s,:i:::::..:*:.:::::*:,,A.: ::,.:::,::::,...... ,,,„. . 41510)111kilklifAS, II( r j' ' - • -- , - - - --:•:.,:;,...:-:,-:::-:-.:-:::,- ---:.:: :*:-:::i :,. - ,--. -- - • ,.., Ail I v1.641it°11° 4..0.:•:'...... :-.: ., c Ec OTE iiALL,..1. . . llelleIC. _1 ' A a i Alf:AR ST RATFOR D• ON AVON - 4tes'4t5h.q.. -e.. ..:e. ... Az' .a.... • .--: 1.,.?( ."1§: 1;iiV.. 1 e)ffrie. — WHERE THE. IMMORTAL BARD WAS BARRA P; '..e : ' , . .....„.t,.-E4r,... ::. ,,, ,s. 'THE DAYS, OF THE GREAT Pl...kivvRlort- li-te _------4x-:. . - , '1110K.'"" ' ^--1---- HALL BELONGED TO •• SIR 7NotlAs Lucy; - ,.-' - — Er IS BELIEVED THAT IT WAS HIS -,- 1 ft::,--, %, ...., ,i), c..., 'THREAT OF PROSECuTION FOR POACHING --r- .:. ..•,44- ::f..... .. ON 1/4E. PROPERTY THAT DECIDED -..c ''-- -. • SMAICESREARE TO DEPART FROM •••:;.*44.2:4-"i? ;:;:•::: 'IL! .;" ' A ------ 4 : STRATFORD-ON-AVON. . ..::0..., . . •:3":::;: :.:0.. :•::.:.::...... - ' , 5 6 , . 4 '1 • ' _a Ckrfaeling 6134 .`lt.' '...,:;Pite..._ .i ,,tt*q.i.r.„ : ,. S !It ...... : f.::::-.1. I7:7;l7-;::7 ,...,..,,,, :::,-:::m.: -...• • • :4-11:••• ---... ' tti,; ,.. -..;.:-. #:"^_ ,..1'.: -: . ' .:...1 t -:-:i'' ,'•:::•:.::.:,-.., .s. 0/;•'W7 . .s- J• .4' 1-.V.: ::'":1:?..... ,..- 41 - • T • .• • . ..• • .... :11.1 •,..44.:::: ..%:g:':'. ...*:, - fo' ,± :` . : ,• ” • ::: ;,(4;.f. A -Z4::e. .v...... ,..1,,...,7b. . ' ?.:...::'; i 'i,. . 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A IARGE HOUSE IN SAD CONDiTION. hear NEW8RIDGE.KaDAR6, Ireland -"' UNTENANTED FOR A ' .2a3 MARS/I- INAS BUD-T AS ce FocrrliiiS mARS-tON.(sr: CAOMPIQEsuEMppoOR.AsTEDES1.1)-lisszymasgICTORY0F,Z714T4 ,VACS Or COMPLE7E RETIREMENT BY A JILTED WOMAN. . 'INC GRASS NEVER CROWS itirAik-, ORA' .4stak crs' The MORRIS Owner 184 APRIL, 1937 ALGERIA as The story of a Morris Fourteen that broke new ground in more senses than one. By F. H. S. RASCH Morris Fourteen can now holiday in Algeria, crossing France on the out- ward and homeward journeys by easy stages, and undertaking the trip with perfect confidence in his car. And he will be rewarded by a distinct change of scenery, by glorious sunsets over desert wastes, visits to places of romantic legend, such as the Garden of Allah, and the sight of cities which were great commercial centres even before the Romans invaded our fair shores. OTORING on the Continent has become very At short notice I telephoned the Automobile commonplace to a number of Morris en- Association and asked for a route in Algeria. To xi thusiasts, but here are particulars of a tour my surprise, they sent me one by return, a perform- ORA which is different, and which does not entail any ex- 40‹,. ance greatly to their credit when it is recalled that 'A ceptional preparations. Owing to the heat, how- Algeria is by no means yet a popular touring ground. crs' ever, it should be arranged only between November and April. Averaging 40 m.p.h. I have just returned from a sixteen-day trip to Driving a perfectly standard four-speed gearbox prove that the owner of a car of the type of the Morris Fourteen, we left London for Folkestone on a wet Friday evening in February and had a comfortable sea crossing to Boulogne in the Maid of Orleans on Saturday morning. Taking the road to Paris, the car began to average forty miles an hour. Next day we journeyed from Paris to Valence, stopping at the well- known Hotel de la Poste at Avalon for an excellent lunch, during which time the weather cleared and be- came progressively better. On the third day we travelled on to Marseilles, where driving conditions appeared to me to be worse than in Paris. Next morning Mr. Brouwer, the A.A. representative at Marseilles, arranged for our car to be shipped on board the ro,000-ton Ville d'Alger, one of two new boats recently built by the Compagnie Generale Trans- atlantique for the Mediterranean crossing to Algiers. The efficiency of the staff on these boats and the - - cleanliness throughout were features The gorge of FA Parkin. whose interest was enhanced by a row? .16W- 44,z. 4.53_114., %Sp:74<6 4, APRIL, 1987 135 The MORRIS Owner . . a HOLIDAY 1 , t I . . , I 1 TOURING k . GROUND C101:1130 0000000000 film entertainment on board which followed an excellent dinner on the outward journey. The boat arrived at Algiers at 6.30 next morning, but I and my two companions did not land until about 8 o'clock, when we were met by Captain de Malglave, the A.A. representative in that port, who cleared our car in a very few minutes. The cost of this sea passage was approximately £14 return for the car, and LIZ each for the three of us for a first-class return ticket with excellent to Laghouat, r3o miles distant, in spite of the hour. cabin accommodation. With each mile we noticed a gradual change of scenery, the desert now beginning to become a reality. Algiers Behind We filled up with petrol at Djelfa and climbed the Leaving Algiers, we very soon were running through 3940 feet in 16 km. over the Col des Caravannes. well cultivated country with orange and lemon trees The next part of the run was made in the dark, but covered with fruit, palm trees, and corn at least our headlamps readily picked out the very bad road six to seven inches high. over which we were travelling through desolate The 47 km. to Blida were covered quickly over good desert country to Laghouat. roads. We had been told that we might see some Winter sports at a place called Chrea, situated at the top of the first of the Atlas mountains. Driving mostly on third gear, we climbed the 4906 feet rise over a zig-zag course, and although we found no snow, we were rewarded by some magnificent views over the valley on the one side, and of the higher Atlas mountains in the far distance on the other side. Then we dropped again into Blida and left the fertile plain for the foot- hills of the Atlas mountains. The road now rose gradually through the picturesque and rugged Chiffa Gorges, where the sacred monkeys which abound clambered over the car and begged for scraps of food. Leaving the village of Medea at the end of the gorges, we proceeded by a very tortuous and mountainous road through Berrouaghia on to Boghari, 128 km. from Blida. As there was no suitable hotel accom- • modation here we decided to proceed Alongside an old horse-tram at Biskra. ORA crs' - The MORRIS Owner 136 APRIL, 1987 Algeria as a Holiday Touring Ground—contd. wild life are of almost tropical splendour. At 5 a.m. next day we were awakened by the sound Passing over a very fine bridge adross the dried- of drums and the occasional firing of guns. It was up River Mzi, we entered Laghouat, a well illuminated the dawn of the Fete des Moutons, the day when town with overhead street lighting, a striking con- pilgrims leave for Mecca, and groups of natives trast to the desert wastes we had previously traversed. passed through the town throughout the day to Laghouat is a large military centre with an ex- congregate on a large open space on the outskirts. cellent aerodrome, and is situated on two hills. The splendid views from either show villas and gardens A City on a Hill of wealthy Hebrews on one side, and, on the other, Our next objective was Constantine, and we the desert with groves of palm and tamarisk trees. followed the road through the desert as far as the The desert air was dry and clear, and the cloudless gorges of El Kantara, a distance of 54 km. And now sky afforded an easy view of distant objects and in- there was gradually disappearing desert scenery spired a feeling of exhilaration. towards Batna, all the way to Constantine. This is a city set on a hill. The beauty of its Desolate Country grandeur and position as one approaches makes an We left next day for Djelfa by the road that we enduring impression. The road winds around the used during our journey through the dark, and we rocks at the foot of the town and into the Gorge de were now able to appreciate the desolate nature of Rummel which cuts the town in two. It is a city the country over which we had previously travelled. of many mosques, and the French have preserved Moreover, as we proceeded, it became apparent that its oriental character. we were about to be the victims of a sandstorm. The manner in which the roads in this part of the The sand-laden wind rapidly grew thicker and thicker, country had improved were shown in the fact that and ultimately the car was brought to a standstill we covered the 78 miles to Setif in an hour and fifty because the carburetter intake was absolutely choked minutes. This is a very modern town situated about with sand. Visibility was reduced to less than two 5000 feet above sea level, and the road now took us yards, and we pulled into the side of the track and down through a succession of beautiful and some- waited for the storm to subside. A few minutes spent on taking the carburetter to pieces and clean- ing it, and we were able to proceed on our way to Djelfa. Then came the section to Bou-Saada along which we proceeded for many miles % over very bad surfaces, the track being distinguished from the desert only by a series of white stones. The road ascended a high plateau and then dropped a little into the town of Bou-Saada. Here one obtains extensive views over the village, across the palm trees and desert sands to the moun- tains of the Ouled Nail, at the foot of which there appeared to be a deep blue lake, but it was only a mirage. On the road to Biskra next day the track crossed and recrossed several awls or rivers. On either side of the stone-covered dried river beds there was a steep descent which r had to be negotiated. Except for L— - one or two smafl collections of mud Hairdressing in the shade of the palm. huts, we passed no villages or signs of habitation on the road to Biskra, although times awe-inspiring gorges to the Mediterranean coast. several camel caravans were seen in the distance. Instead of taking the left-hand road which leads Biskra is a veritable dream town in which a whole to Algiers, we decided to visit the Grotto Merveilleuse day can well be spent. It is situated in an oasis of Dar-El-Oued, which is well worth a visit. Re- and surrounded by desert, but there are many in- tracing our steps we passed through Bougie, notable teresting excursions which can be arranged. It for its briars, and, surmounting two rises of over possesses a very pretty European quarter with 3000 feet, at last ran into a fertile plain stretching a long avenue of pains, while vegetation and to the Atlas mountains ; and so to Algiers. (continued on page 144) row? 4Oft, 4074 crs' «, - APRIL, 1987 187 The MORRIS Owner THE LAW SAYS law. He decided the other day that if a wrecked Wherein a Barrister-at-Law car lies by the roadside, and the police instruct a dilates upon legal aspects of garage to remove it, the owner must pay for the motoring and roadfaring. removal, even though he had no knowledge of the car having been smashed. TNSPECTOR Russell of the Warwickshire constabu- In order to make the owner pay up, the Registrar ji lary was driving alone in his car through a built- extended what has hitherto been a principle of some- up area. He followed a motor driven by one what narrow application, the doctrine of agency of Mr. Beesley, and found him to be exceeding 30 m.p.h. necessity. Briefly this principle is that in cases of The inspector's speedometer was tested and found emergency a person may pledge another's credit correct, and Mr. Beesley was prosecuted. without authority from that other. Thus since a The justices dismissed the case, saying that in husband is bound to maintain his wife, the wife can ORA cases of this sort the evidence of another witness pledge his credit for necessaries without his permission. was desirable. Inspector Russell promptly went to The numerous wives who complain that their 44" crs' the High Court, which recently sent the case back spouses think more of their cars than they do of them for reconsideration, saying that there was no such have now an additional cause for complaint, since general rule as that laid down by the justices. the husband's credit seems to be pledgeabIe (if there This decision must not be misunderstood. It does is such a word) in respect of his car upon the same not mean that justices must convict upon the evidence footing as in respect of his wife. However, there of one officer. All it means is that they must not is a grain of comfort : other judges may well determine lay down a rule that they will never convict on such otherwise. evidence. It is still open to them, in cases in which the motorist denies exceeding the limit, to believe Return of the Jury the motorist and disbelieve the officer. A few years ago the jury was virtually abolished in civil cases arising out of road accidents. It was Corroboration then laid down that trial would be without jury I find there is a good deal of misunderstanding unless a jury were specially ordered, and such a about the corroboration required in these speed cases. special order was in practice never granted. What the law says is this : "A person prosecuted But judges soon found that they did not like for driving a motor vehicle on a road at a speed assessing damages. "How can I tell," said a King's exceeding a speed limit imposed by or under any Bench judge to me, "what a broken leg is worth enactment shall not be liable to be convicted solely to a plumber ?" It was also found that different on the evidence of one witness to the effect that in judges applied very different scales when assessing the opinion of the witness the person prosecuted damages. was driving the vehicle at a speed exceeding that These facts are given in the Temple as reasons limit." for the return of the jury in "running down" cases. Read that carefully and you will see that all it For they are returning. There has been no change rules out is the opinion of one witness. But if a witness in the law, but if a litigant now asks for a special testifies as to the reading of a speedometer he is order for a jury he stands a good chance of getting giving evidence as to fact, not opinion, and a Bench it. may convict upon that evidence. This is, in the opinion of many, a backward step. Juries tend to be more generous than judges with Salvage other people's money and if awards of damages To the Registrar of the Croydon County Court rise there will eventually come a reflection in the belongs the satisfaction of having made new shape of an increase in insurance premiums. 1730c4.' The MORRIS Owner 138 APRIL, 1937 ROMPER*S Barrion IORJ? 401'p cis‘ 2nd Clown : "But is this law ? " 1st Clown : "Ay, marry is't ; crowner's quest law !" Hamlet, Act V, Scene I whatever instrument caused the death was forfeited to the crown ; and if the slayer were convicted of murder or manslaughter, all his property was like- wise forfeited. Lampooned by Shakespeare So the coroner began enquiring into suspicious or unusual deaths. With the passing of the centuries Y one of those odd chances that make the reason for his enquiry changed from the interests English history so much stranger than of taxation to the interests of justice, and by the fiction, the holding of inquests to-day time that Shakespeare came to poke fim in the L5i upon fatal road accidents and other un- grave-diggers' scene in Hamlet at the debased natural deaths is the direct result of the financial law administered at " crowner's quest," it had troubles of our medieval kings. settled down as part of the police machinery of the For it was in order to safeguard the royal revenue country. • that the office of coroner was set up eight hundred Gradually, too, the coroner lost his fiscal functions, years ago, and the Norman coroner occupied a place and the sole survivor of these to-day is his duty to in society somewhat similar to that of the mcdern hold inquests upon discoveries of buried treasure, Inspector of Taxes. Now a sudden death in those in order to find whether or not they are " treasure- days benefited the Treasury in many ways : if the trove " and therefore property of the Crown. deceased were a Norman, his district paid a fine ; There were no police in those days, their place as ORA. 4sigh2p (.16-WV ORA lrjrn crs' APRIL, 1937 139 The MORRIS Owner more sensible a country, in many respects, than England—the Procurator Fiscal con- ducts similar private enquiries into unnatural deaths, while a public enquiry can be ordered if the Lord Advocate thinks fit. He thought fit in only 122 cases in 1934. Some such change will come in England sooner or later. The coroner's inquisition con- investigators and prosecutors of crime being taken tinues here for no reason save that we are used to by the coroner in fatal cases and the grand jury in it and accept it as something that has always been. the case of other crimes. In a rough-and-ready age Now and then, however, an unusually scandalous the system worked well enough. But later, as English inquest raises a public outcry. One such in Dorset life grew more complex, something more efficient was recently led to the appointment of a Depart- demanded. The police were set up, and they and mental Corrunittee on Coroners (popularly referred the examining magistrates took over investigation to as the inquest on inquests) whose illuminating of crime and the committal of criminals. report was issued in January, 1936. • That was a hundred years ago. After Common-sense Comment that the inquest and the grand jury . . . became obsolete anachron- This committee—it included so distinguished a doctor as Sir Farquhar Buzzard and so distinguished .• , .• . - isms. It was long realised that they served a lawyer as Lord Wright—had some pointed remarks no useful purpose to make upon inquests on road traffic fatalities. "A in the body poli- coroner's court,' they said, "is generally ill-adapted tic. The grand for enquiries into criminal responsibility in cases of jury was abolished this character, where the law is often difficult and f_vic in 1933. But the the considerations involved require careful examina- tion in the light of a correct appreciation of the law. Nor does there seem any reason to think that in cases of this character an inquest is likely to serve any useful purpose, so far as concerns the investigation ORA coroner's inquisi- . tion still continues 4 ? ..±,1 its useless, expen- sive life. That life has already " been cut short in New York and many of the other states of the U.S.A., where the coroner has been replaced by a medical examiner who makes enquiries in private in con- junction with the police. In Scotland—so much .16W- 44,z. ORA ors' The MORRIS Owner 140 APRIL, 1037 Crowner's Quest—contd. cannot do better. If a motorist has the misfortune to knock down a man and maim him for life the from an ignorant jury. I say " ignorant " advisedly, police will make an efficient investigation. If the for it is well known in the profession that coroners' same motorist knocks down the same man and the juries are not usually of the calibre of ordinary latter dies, then the public ordeal of the inquest takes juries. Their selection is left to the whim of the place. There is no essential difference between the coroner's officer; he may choose anyone he likes and two cases. If fatal accidents ought to be sifted by a is not confined to the ratepayers on the ordinary jury, so too ought non-fatal accidents. Conversely Jury List. In one district the juror's shilling was if the police are thought competent to enquire into long regarded as the perquisite of the inmates of non-fatal collisions, so too ought they alone to be the local workhouse. entrusted with the handling of fatal ones. There Another peril at innuests is that the coroner may can be no question that the latter procedure is the take it into his head ta pass some stricture (or "ex- better. Under it the motorist who is to blame will press personal animadversions," as the Committee be prosecuted, while the motorist who was not at put it) upon a driver, which will be widely reported fault will be spared the ordeal of the witness-box. in the Press and to which the driver cannot reply. All this brings much grist to the legal mill. It Suggested Limitations is no uncommon thing to find half a dozen counsel As shown above, the Departmental Committee or solicitors present at an inquest either to fish agreed that road accident inquests served no useful for useful facts or to try and prevent other people purpose. Nevertheless, overawed perhaps by the fishing. I myself have earned many a guinea by antiquity of the institution, they could not steel appearing on behalf of drivers with instructions to themselves to recommend its abolition. They did, see that all the facts in their favour were brought however, recommend that the coroner should confine out and to press for a rider exonerating them from himself to finding how, when and where a death blame. I have pocketed my fee, but I have often occurred, and should not investigate the responsibility had an. uneasy feeling that it ought never to have of any person for it. That would end the present- been earned. The abolition of inquests would cut day fishing enquiries. They also recommended the off a source of income from many lawyers. Being abolition of riders of censure and exoneration. human, they would no doubt grumble, but I do not By these means the fangs of the inquest would be OR A think they would oppose it. Law reform always drawn. Will the report be acted upon ? The months ,tot'p 'A means less work for lawyers—nevertheless it is al- go by, and the Government makes no move. Well, crs' <<, most always the legal profession that initiates reform. we must not lose heart; the previous Committee And the abolition of the inquest must come eventu- reported in 1908, and its recommendations were ally. The coroner does nothing that the police acted upon in 1926! An interesting evening with the THE FUTURE OF MOTORING Institute of the Motor Trade DDILESSING a well-attended malignant human trait had always put to the previously mentioned graph meeting of members of the itself in the path of progress and it had curves, we might with reason project ik Institute of the Motor Trade and to be defeated every step of the way. them in their logical paths and obtain friends in London recently, Professor It contested every advance made by a reliable prognostication of the speeds A. M. Low, D.Sc., provided science and had to be worsted in of the future, and he thought that it his audience with a characteristically every single instance where radical was not too fanciful to assume that refreshing outlook on the trend of progress was proposed. cars of the future would fly as well as things motoring. Although announced Dr. Low spoke of the various run about the roads. What a waste as a lecture, Dr. Low's remarks were anomalies in present-day design such of mechanical power is indicated in enlivened by a good many really as the absurdity of using our fuel in the fact that to cross the Channel, amusing comments on the motorcar such a way that despite the fact that for instance, a modern car has to call as we know it to-day, and it must be its inherent energy is extracted in upon extraneous aid. acknowledged that he treated a serious the form of heat, yet in the process of Comfort, the other virtue he coupled subject in a way which made it easily carburation it becomes intensely cold, with the all-important speed, is being palatable to the least technical of his necessitating further artificial means assiduously studied by designers, but hearers. to re-heat it, i.e. the hot-spot in the we were still very far from the ideal. He particularly stressed his belief induction pipe. He mentioned other That ideal could be summed up in that to everyone the future was what examples of roundabout methods, the ability to travel whilst being pre-eminently mattered. " The past typified by the fitting of shock uncOnscious of movement, a state of is dead," he said, "the present becomes absorbers to obstruct the road springs being which no arrangement of sus- non-existent even while I say so, but in the execution of their duty. pension or upholstery has so far been the future has the most vital possibili- Foremost among the requirements able to approach. ties for all of us." And it was because of any form of modern transport the Concluding his talk, the lecturer we could produce graphs plotting out lecturer put speed and comfort. The expressed his agreement with the grow- the general trend in everything, it was steadily maintained tendency Was, he ing view that we should travel in possible to say that we could anticipate told us, for vehicles to be designed to time to come at six hundred miles per with some degree of accuracy what the take us from one place to another in hour, and reminded his hearers that future had in store for the automobile. the shortest space of time, and con- in some latitudes this would bestow There was, however, in his view, a sideration of the sum total of improve- upon those fortunate wayfarers the very serious evil which we had to ments in all forms of travel absolutely inestimable benefit of perpetual sun- fight, in the guise of prejudice. This bore out his deduction. Harking back shine. H.F. APRIL, 1937 The MORRIS Owner 10-1 50 44111,...2■ 44, crs' • st'fOR9■yr Qrs'( The MORRIS Owner 142 APRIL, 1937 FASHION AT THE WHEEL ,trirp crs' PRACTICAL SPORTING FASHIONS G----- " 0 RIGINAL trimmings or none at Novel the new use for old Paisley prints (bring all " is fashion's pass-word this out the shawls you have carefully packed away with Spring. Such fun too, these moth-balls and sacrifice them on the altar of fashion, thousand and one ways of making a simple youthful if you want to be dernier eri). Novel, too, and costume a truly personal affair, more a matter of practical, the use of jersey material for evening imagination than material really. Indeed, some of frocks, trimmed with sequins if you please. the more "evolved " of our couturiers could design But don't stop at that ; wear lame tailored like something perfectly delightful with a piece of string a man's suiting and modest lightweight woollen and a few nutshells—and incidentally charge the material draped into gloriously sweeping lines for earth for it ! evening. Try a hand-knitted evening dress. Why But something must counterbalance the simplicity not ? Delightful for travelling and couldn't possibly of the new silhouette and this something is " Detail ' crush, even if you do pack like a film star. with a capital " D " and lots of brainwork behind it. Bright Colours Materials But that is not all. You may look forward to No extraordinary mixture of materials need sur- quaint crisp, demure little tailor costumes of printed prise us henceforth. No revolutionary alliance of gingham or piqué. You may like, or dislike, hats metal and silk, of wool and sequins, of leather and strewn with the brightest of embroideries—beads, lace, must shock you—that is, if you wish to be in the flowers, gold thread. swim. The rules of the game have been changed, You will probably (being a motorist) welcome the some even completely abolished, so it is all very fashion which entreats you to tie on your hat with exciting and novel. a fluttering scarf or a pert bow. You will certainly ORA crs' Anat., 198'7 143 The MORRIS Owner Fashion the Wheel—could. adore this bolero craze, which is the most practical of the various expressions of Spanish influence. They come in all shapes and sizes. A good 'idea is to have one in bright geranium or bright emerald felt cloth ; make it very voluminous at the back, sticking out in perky folds. If you are tall and slim, gimp the edges all round, also the revers, and turn back cuffs on the short sleeves. You will find this inexpensive garment most useful all through the Spring and Summer, for it can carry out the dominant colour scheme of your linen, print or patterned crepe-de-chine frocks for informal wear and look lovely over a black street frock for afternoon town wear. The Belt It is well worth while making a nice wide belt gimped to match with broadened ends, to tie in a large bow in front. A simple square shaped or round handbag would complete the ensemble and be very smart especially if you add very long felt handles and wear it slung over the shoulder in the approved Paris manner. This hat has three trimmings for various occasions. (Top) A navy and black straw hat trimmed with a white bird for wear with n tailor-made costume. (Right) For country or light frocks, a kerchief to match Is tied over the crown and in a knot at the ORA back, and (left) a wreath of hand-cut felt flowers in ,torp pastel shades and a necklace to match give the cr hat a dressy note. cis• The sketch on this page shows the long and the short of the bolero fashion. The top one is nearly a short swagger coat and is made of cretonne in a vivid pattern ; it has black and white linen trimming and is worn over a white linen frock. Incident- ally, another charming way of using cretonne is to make a short full bolero of it with stitching on the lapels to keep them stiff, and then indulge in the most unexpected colour schemes (for the moder- ate expense of this outfit you can have two or three amusing variations). For instance, with a lovely shade of pastel blue jersey cloth, of which a simple Summer frock is made, choose a boldly patterned cretonne in shades of deep purple, pale blue and 'very pale green. This will look cool and charming on a warm Summer day. Another idea is to make these coatees of Persian voiles or Indian prints (the furnishing type). They look delightful if used in small quantities. In Paris they are making blouses of this type of material - and brightening up sober Spring costumes with such gorgeous splashes of design and Here are the two Spring outfits described in detail in the text. colour. Remember to keep a square or so of matching print and wear one as a row? .1w44,z.cis, ORA crs' The MORRIS Owner 144 APRIL, 1937 Fashion at the Wheel—contd. A still more fancy effect can be got by using con- trasting coloured silk for the outline. American bandanna under your large straw hat, or simply as cloth or oil silk look lovely cut out and worked on a tie for a smaller shape ; the other piece can be to woollen materials. A suede cut-out would be used as a sash when a perfectly plain frock is worn. elegant appliqued on to a heavier woollen material. The girl on the right with her hat-box and bags (How about embroidering the pockets of a motoring is " all set " for a few days' motoring holiday, wearing coat with this motif, either in contrasting or harmonis- a most effectual ensemble, for it is really two frocks ing suede, and fasten the coat Digby-Morton-wise in one. The top part is gaily patterned and Summery with suede thongs instead of buttons ?) looking, but is really quite cosy, for it is in the flowered There are endless ways of using these cut-out jersey cloth (it looks good made in " Viyella " too, designs for trimming your sports clothes. A woollen in that new fancy jumper, for in- weave effect). stance, in navy This bolero and blue, with this " over-skirt " are motif cut out in worn over a plain red felt and em- frock in uncrush- broidered on with able linen or red wool, with shantung, chosen perhaps your in the dominant initials worked in tone of the pat- white, would look tern. worth pounds Now I must more than the tell you about price of the actual this interesting plain jumper. and fascinating new trimming es- Cheap to Make pecially designed The set shown for our readers in the sketch ORA this month. How 44,‹P (square bag) is cr would you like to made of white have this original American cloth, The hat, bag and suede glove set in black or navy, trimmed with hearts cut bag and belt set out in either red or white felt, is shown at top left. Next is a useful sports so smart to wear with its motor coiffure, with a vivid coloured wool crochet hair net worn like a Juliet cap—the same net forming a trimming over the felt bag. The Scottie bag; with light clothes, design, for the scarf and blouse are described in the article, while the plain suede belt is and yet this ornamented with coins collected on a tour, and fastened with metal claws expense of a by a saddle or bag maker. material doesn't modest two or soil like most three shillings and a little simple hand stitching ? bag materials. The bag has a scarlet zip fastener, Of course you need not make the bag yourself with a .scarlet and black American cloth car (or if you don't feel up to it, but a felt cloth bag is a "Scottie ") on either side. very easy thing to tackle in this round shape, two The belt is simply a band of white American cloth circles cut out (with a plate or a compass), stitched about three or four inches wide, cut wider still at half-way round by a joining strip of felt and a zip one end—rather fan-shape. A scarlet and a black fastener continuing the rest of the circumference. ring slotted together provide a means of fastening— The lining is cut and stitched in the same way and inexpensive, too, for two lacquered curtain rings will put in by hand at the last. do the trick. The little black and red cars are then Tracing glued on. The belt edges are turned down once and However, you may use this trimming even on a machine stitched. bought bag, for it will give even a modest one that The bag and scarf set is in plaid wool or crepe-de- snap of originality and allow you to have the set to chine; the blouse in royal blue jersey material. match. This cut-out design of the car can be traced Algeria as a Holiday Touring GroundGround-c%;— fi wn from the actual page on to a piece of transparent continued136. We had spent eight days in Algeria and seen much of paper, then repeated on to a piece of American cloth, interest. The roads had been well signposted throughout, oil silk or felt, as many times as you want, according and petrol was cheaper than in France, ranging from 7.50 to to the number of motifs you need. The idea is then x r francs a bidon. Apart from the desert, pumps were plentiful. to glue these cut-out motifs on to whatever material Here we must pay tribute to our car. It took us over pot- or leather you want, with a special milliner's glue. holes and tracks of a roughness defying comparison, and sharp steep gradients and over long twisting mountain They are easy to cut out, owing to the simplicity passes. It never once faltered or became overheated, and of the pattern, with a fine pair of manicure scissors. the only trouble we had throughout were two punctures and If you want to transfer these little cars on to a soft the carburetter choke becoming clogged by the sand. material for a scarf or a blouse, it is a good idea to do Crossing front Algiers to Marseilles in the Ville d'Orient, we returned through Aix en Provence, Macon, Dijon, Troyes, a button-hole stitch all round. Sezanne, Soissons and Amiens to Boulogne. .4tek%5 APRIL, 1937 145 The MORRIS Owner A FINE NEW WOLSELEY Versatile 1818o h.p. car offered in two body styles, and capable of speeds up to 8o m.p.h. IORJ? 4,0 Cts' cis'‘ The new 18/80 h.p. NVolscley coachbullt Salon de Ville, listed at £320. NEW star in the motoring firmament has cleaners, silencers and a fume extractor, and patent recently appeared in the constellation of steel skirted pistons are standardised. The sump A Wolseley—a name which, as far as Britain is incorporates the now well-known Wolseley constant concerned, is as old as the industry. level oil intake designed to ensure that only clean The new 1818o h.p. Wolseley, we are told, is not oil circulates through the system. a sports car but it boasts a top speed of 8o m.p.h. and a speed range in top gear extending from that The Car Comfortable decidedly useful gait down to as low as 5 m.p.h. Not- To the question of comfort the designers have withstanding its commendable agility, however, the given the utmost consideration. The road springs car's consumption of fuel comes out at 20--24 m.p.g., have zinc interleaving, sparing the owner from the so that, for its undoubted size and comfort, it must necessity for constant greasing, whilst inside the be reckoned economical to drive. car the seating is carried out on the anatomically accurate principle advocated by Wolseley and Generous Specification abundantly justified on former models. The specification of the newest Wolseley is most Another feature making for comfort of the driver complete, nothing being omitted that, according to is the instantly adjustable telescopic steering column modern motoring standards, makes for travelling which, taken in conjunction with the scientifically comfort. The car has automatically adjusted shock correct and adjustable seating, gives the driver the absorbers controlled from the dash, enabling the utmost ease even on the longest runs. driver to vary the springing, making it soft for city The chassis is carried on the latest easy-clean streets or highly damped for running at speed in the wheels and is equipped with twin fog lamps and twin open country. wind tone horns, whilst the body is lighted by windows Lockheed hydraulic brakes are, of course, a feature, of Triplex glass throughout. and permanent jacks, also hydraulically operated, Two handsome models are available, a well stream- are included in the chassis specification. lined Saloon priced at 290 and a slightly roomier The dean-built o.h.v. engine is fed by thermostatic- Salon de Ville at i'320. The colour range offers a ally controlled twin S.U. carburetters fitted with air wide choice. H.F. ORI? 4sigh2p ( The MORRIS Owner APRIL, 1937 IYIUSIN likWHEEL Idle Thoughts upon Motoring Matters of the Moment - - By " Mileator" Exploring places are much sought after as holiday resorts by _IIICE many of you I have spent a large number the French, but early last month, when I had my trip, of holidays in the off-season on the Riviera, the bungalows, beach huts and all the paraphernalia / and have become a little tired of its rather incidental to modern enjoyment were closed, and overdone sophisticated attractions, although I still perhaps the landscape was all the better for it. say that there is no city in the world like Nice. However, on this topic more next month. Therefore, on a recent holiday, about which I will tell you something next month, I turned my wheels A Warning • away from N.' and Abbeville, and went down Rouen, ir RECENTLY heard from a friend with a Chartres, Orleans, Bourges, Le Puy and Nimes to I grievance—and a very good grievance too, as Sete—you needn't tell me that that isn't the best such things go. It seems he had left his car way--which nestles at the mouth of the Canal du —a Series II Ten—for the night in a South London Midi where it comes upon the Gulf of Lyons. This garage, and the garage people had put it away for part of France is very different from any other. It him as they were rather short of room. When he 40 crs' APRIL, 1987 147 The MORRIS Owner Musings Awheel—contd. magistrates asking them to deal well and truly with those caught stealing cars. Garage Floors Quite recently a very large number of young Y morning has been spent watching a man build hooligans have been treated very leniently by a garage, and it is interesting to note that magistrates who are not too particular about what M contrary to accepted practice he did not happens to other people's property. A few exemplary include a concrete floor. " For," he said, "I spend a sentences would help to eradicate an evil which is lot of my spare time in the garage in Winter, doing keeping the police in many districts busy. all those things to the car which I ought to do in Unless thieves are taught that it doesn't pay to the Summer, and don't. Therefore, unless I wear take other people's cars we may expect an increase fur-lined slippers, or sawn-off stilts, I get chilblains, rather than a decrease in this evil. flat feet, fallen arches, frost-bite and cramp. Besides, it's cold." Signposts Therefore my friend has boarded his floor with TT is interesting' to note that local authorities, one-inch boards, which he had previously tarred on road surveyors and others whose business it is their underside, the garage being situate in a some- • to plant signposts have at last observed that what damp position. stage coaches are no longer on our roads. They are Some years ago, with a concrete garage attached putting the signposts on a level with our headlights, to a house in a somewhat low-lying and humid which is where they should be. Let me take this suburb of London, I found concrete very cold to opportunity to thank them very much on your the tootsies, but instead of boarding over the whole behalf—and mine. floor I built myself a mobile platform, some two feet But in many instances they have failed to realise by four, mounted on rejected ball bearings, eight that if you have a T section road, and you put your of which I believe I bought—if memory serves me middle board on a level, or almost on a level, with well—for half-a-crown. Apart from the fact that the other two, the board you are most interested in, it had a nasty habit of flying from under you if you the one that is following your direction, can never be illuminated by youi headlights. I know a very large number of authorities have adopted a type of signpost which has all three vanes ,torpORA on a .different level, which is all to the good ; but 'A there are still too many of the other sort. crs' <<, The Right to Build a House HEN running through the New Forest, have stepped on it or off it too rapidly, it served its pur- Wyou ever been mildly surprised to come upon pose well, and I honestly believe saved me certain a small brick structure with a chimney, in foot troubles already enumerated by my friend, the ground below which is sunk a hearthstone ? It besides being handy to lie on underneath the car, is only some of the older people who can explain the for anybody who wanted to. presence of these erections. Of course, to-day all the New Forest belongs definitely to the Crown, On Circulars but years ago anyone could stake out a claim. The TT will be remembered that some time ago our position could be held against all corners providing 1 thoughtful Home Secretary circularised his magistrates to see that the fines on motorists should be adequate—in case there might be anyone not disposed to demand his pound of flesh. Now one of these days when he is hard up for an idea for a circular I wonder if he would care to sit down and write something about stolen cars. I will not tell you the number of cars stolen in a year because I have forgotten it, but I do know that a building with a hearthstone on which a fire had been the figure is enormous, and that the number of lighted was erected on the ground selected. thieves who get away represent about ninety per Of course, the original idea was to make the claim- cent, of the total cars stolen—or borrowed, as it ant build a house on the site, but this he did not always IS sometimes expressed, because the majority are do, contenting himself with what was nothing more abandoned and returned to their owners. than a solitary fireplace. As long as there was such Now it seems a very lamentable thing that a man a structure, however simple this might be, no one can have his car stolen nine times without the thief could claim the land except the original settler. being caught, and that he has to have it stolen After erecting the fireplace it was the custom to once more before the miscreant is apprehended. start a fire and keep this going for a day, or even Therefore, if our Home Secretary is looking for longer, in order to blacken the hearthstone thoroughly, a subject for a circular let him circularise his proving that the use of the fireplace was genuine. .16W14,z. ORA crs' The MORRIS Owner 148 APRIL, 1987 Coronation Visitors 26th—Brown & Mallalieu, Blackpool. PECIAL arrangements have been LIGHTING-UP TIMES Sticklands Garages, Gillingham, April 1st 7th 14th 21st 28th Dorset. made . by Morris Motors Ltd. L7.1 7.11 7.23 9.5 9.16 p.m. to conduct visitors round their Westfield Autocar Co., Edinburgh. Works at Cowley, Oxford, during the coronation celebrations. A Correction Scottish Roads A new reception centre has been built, and there is a staff of twenty N our last issue we illustrated an OTORISTS will welcome the trained guides to concentrate on making I auxiliary cutter, "Kittiwake II," M news that the famous hairpin the visitors' tour both interesting and and when the photograph was re- bend at the summit of the instructive. Last year over roo,000 ceived our information was that she Rest-and-be-Thankful Hill is to be people visited these Works. was engined with a Morris Navi- straightened out and the gradients Oxford is little more than an hour's gator " unit, as stated in the caption. approaching it made less steep. This 0%9 train journey from London, and, apart Her owner, however, has now in- famous Argyllshire hill is an ascent of 44,‹P 461 feet in 216r yards, with gradients 7: from its attraction as one of the most formed us that she is fitted with a <<, ranging to I in 7. CtS' beautiful cities in the world, the Morris "Commodore." The new road which is to be con- proximity of Europe's largest car Morris Service Weeks assembly plant gives it added interest. structed will not only cut out the li:RVICE weeks for the month of hairpin, but also make the gradients April, during which technical easier, the steepest being r in 15, The New Racing Circuit S experts from the factory at while its width will be 18 feet. The HE Road Racing Club announce Cowley will be present to give free total cost of the scheme is expected that the Right Hon. Earl Howe, advice to Morris owners at Distributors' to be in the region of £157,000, and TP.C., C.B.E., V.D., President of premises, have been arranged as under : it will take about two years to com- the British Racing Drivers' Club, is 5th—Athol Garages, Douglas, I.O.M. plete. to perform the opening ceremony of Barton Motor Co., Plymouth. A further scheme is being proposed the new Crystal Palace Road Racing W. H. Alexander Ltd., Belfast. with a view to link up this new road Circuit on 22nd April. nth—Watson & Co., Liverpool. and give an alternative route to Oban The new circuit, now nearing com- Barton Motor Co., Exeter. via Inveraray and the Dalmally road. pletion, has been-designed to provide W. H. Alexander Ltd., Belfast. It is proposed to erect a new bridge a modern highway racing circuit and is loth—J. S. Horsfall, Nelson. across Loch Awe. -While this route two miles in length, all within the Wheller & Bristow, Yeovil. will only save about four miles on the grounds of the Crystal Palace property. A. & D. Fraser, Ayr. existing roads, it will give a Class surface. Exploring Caves EADERS of The MORRIS Owner who are interested in speleo- R logical matters may be glad to know that a field meeting of the British Association is to be held at Gaping Ghyll Hole, on the slopes of Ingle- borough, near Clapham, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, from the 8th to the 22nd of May next. Descents of Gaping Ghyll Hole, a vertical pot-hole, 340 feet deep, will be made with a petrol-driven winch and gantry, in order that further ex- ploration of the chasm may be made. Gaping Ghyll is in a charming situation, and is approached from the village of Clapham, through the beauti- ful grounds of Ingleborough House, (040,3,h2p38 APRIL, 1987 149 The MORRIS Owner Here, There & Everywhere—contd. hour were perfectly safe on them The flags, with fittings, are obtain- under normal conditions. Afterwards, able at a moderate price from the where the opportunity may be taken despite the request of the Minister of R.A.C. (Touring Dept.), Pall Mall, of exploring one of the most interesting Transport, the Council failed to make London, S.W. x caves in this country, under the direc- the necessary Order. tion of a guide, and this may be done without any special attire being Dangerous Level Crossings necessaiy. For English Motorists GOTIATIONS between the ESPITE international political Automobile Association, the First Brooklands Road Race complications a hearty welcome NESouthern Railway Company and D local authorities have led to safety HE regulations for the Campbell still awaits the English tourist in practically every country in Europe measures being adopted at three level Trophy Race, to be run at Brook- crossings on the Totton, Hythe and Tlands on 1st May, have now been to-day. To facilitate recognition when Fawley Light Railway in Hampshire. published. The race will be run over touring abroad, the R.A.C. is now These crossings—all of which are roo laps of the new road circuit, which un-gated--carry traffic to Calshot and means a distance of approximately making available to its members a 220 miles, and is limited to thirty starters. The race is open to cars of all capaci- ties and there will be no handicap. The event is unique in this respect, as it is the first time for many years that Brooklands has seen a long-dis- tance event run without handicap. The winner will hold the Campbell Trophy and receive ,‘250 cash, the second will receive £150, third ‘roo and fourth i50. In addition the following awards will be made to the entrants of cars with engines not exceeding 1500 c.c. : first iroo cash and second ‘50 cash. Cars in the 1500 C.C. class are eligible for all awards offered in the race. More Roads Derestricted HE Automobile Association has been officially informed by the TMinistry of Transport that an Over-riding Order has been made removing the speed limit from four- BROOHLANDS RE-OPENS.--The line-up for the Easy Starting Test In the teen lengths of road in Southampton. J.C.C. contest for the Brooklands Rally. Lepe, and many accidents have been caused in the past by inadequate or badly placed warning signs, and other defects. The Morris Films URING April the Morris Films will be shown on the dates D specified below by Morris Dis- tributors and Dealers as follows :— 6th and 7th—J. W. Kieser, Beacon Garage. Penrith. 6th, 7th and 8th—C. Baker & Co. Ltd., 550 High Street, Tonbridge. Maudes of Norwich Ltd., 1o8 Prince of Wales Road, Norwich, Tucker Bros., 136 High Street, Watford. 7th, 8th and 9th—Fowlers (I.O.W.) Ltd. Castlehold, Newport, Isle of Wight. 13th and 54th—A. R. Taylor, Stour Garage, Shipston-on-Stour. r3th, 14th and 15th—E. C. Berryman, ON THE BEDFORD-CAMBRIDGE ROAD.—The Caxton gibbet, it gruesome Redruth Garage, Redruth. reminder of bygone days, when such roadside landmarks were frequent sights. This ganows was last used in 1769, when a murderer was hanged seven years Bradburn & Wedge, 46 Darlington after the commission of his crime. Street, Wolverhampton. B. Cowen, Hermitage Lane, A public enquiry was held at South- small bunting union jack, complete Streatham, London, S.W.26. ampton last October, when the A.A. with a mast and a novel form of 20th, slat and 22nd—Victoria Garages and R.A.C. opposed the restriction on attachment which will enable it to Ltd., Victoria Road, Swindon. these stretches of road and established be attached to any part of the Car 22nd and 23rd—T. S. Bell & Co., 35 that speeds in excess of thirty miles an without risk of damage. Tangier Street, Whitehaven. (ORA, "4w, 4,z• -400311 Her There & Everywhere—contd. Race Meeting, Crystal Palace, The alongside half an hour before sailing Road Racing Club. time. No petrol is required to be 27th, 28th and 29th—Hewens Garages Half-Day Trial, Junior C.C. (S.W. emptied from the tank before em- Ltd., Bridge Street, Maidenhead. Centre). barking. Marshalsea Bros. Ltd., r Fore Street, Inter-Club Team Trial, Derbyshire, Taunton. Sutton Goldfield & N.B.A.C. 27th, 28th, 29th and 3oth—Westfield Treasure Hunt, Club of Nomad A Service for Tourists Autocar Co. Ltd., Port Street, Motorists. E have been asked by the Stirling. Trial, Surrey & Sussex, Vintage Rector of Langton Long Church, Sports Car Club. Wnear Blandford, to announce Used Motor Show, Royal Agricul- that a special afternoon service for What's On During April tural Hall, London. all tourists will be held on Sunday, Sat. 3rd—Derbyshire Sporting Trial, Sun. 25th—Speed Trials, Haggerston the 18th April, at 3.15 p.m. Visitors Lancs. & Cheshire C.C. Park, Berwick & D.M.C. are not expected to depart from ordin- Sat. 3rd and Sun. 4th—Twelve-Hour Jackson Cup Trial, Margate & ary or travelling wearing apparel, Team Trial, Brighton & Hove M.C. D.C.C. but ladies are asked to come provided Sun. 4th—Trial, R.P.M. Motor Club. with headgear. There is ample parking Sat. ioth—British Empire Trophy space close to the church. The Sing and "Safety First" HE King has extended his patron- 25,000 Morris Eights Exported age to the National" Safety First" TAssociation. As Duke of York, EARLY 25,000 Morris Eight cars he was Patron of the Association 'from of various body types have been N exported in little over two years. 2926 until his accession to the throne, whilst from 1923 to 1926 he was It is doubtful if such a record can be President of the London "Safety claimed for any other car ever pro- EDGWARE First" Council. duced in this country. Throughout the whole period of Deliveries are regularly taking place his connection with the Association, to over seventy world markets. A the King has shown a keen interest feature of the popularity of this car in all sides of accident prevention is the demand from continental work. countries. Morris Eights are sold in varying quantities in France, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Holland, The Townsend Ferry Poland, Latvia, Finland, Esthonia, HE Dover-Calais car ferry service Switzerland, Spain and Portugal. New operated by Townsend Bros. Zealand is the best overseas customer, ORA TFerries Limited, of 78 Leadenhall while there is a big demand from Street, London, E.C.3, resumed service Malaya, Australia, India and South ttlfcc• at the beginning of the present quarter Africa. IDENTIFYING OUR TOWNS AND VILLAGES.—To help motorists in un- familiar country, the A.A. has erected name-plates over their well-known hotel and garage signs. In thirty years over 30,000 town and village signs have been put up throughout the country. Race, Donington, British Racing Drivers' Club. Sun. xith—" Jeans" Gold Cup Trial, Liverpool M.C. April Standard Car Trial, Torbay & Totnes M.C. Sat. 17th — Trial, Hind head Area, Mid-Surrey A.C. Rally and Hill Climb, Veteran Car Club. Fifty Miles Race, Southport M.R.C. Trial, Cotswolds, Women's A. & S.A. YOU GUESSED WRONG.—This is not a kindly warning — it is merely Sun. i8th—Chilterns Cup Trial, the name-plate of a village in the Malay States. Cemian M.C. Trial, Kent, Standard Car Owners' in time for the Easter holiday traffic. What is perhaps a still more re- Club. Daily sailings are from the Eastern markable feature of world trade is Novice Trial, West of England M.C. Arm, Dover Harbour, at ir.o a.m., that a Distributor in Vancouver is Sat. 24th—Race Meeting, Donington, and from the Quai Paul Devot, Calais, supplying these cars to the, states of Derby & D.M.C. at 2.15 p.m., and cars have to be California, Oregon and Washington. (031? ApRIL, 1987 151 The MORRIS Owner WARNING TRANSMISSION OILS With transmission oils, quality, regular replenishment with the correct grade, and avoidance of indiscriminate mixing of grades are of the utmost importance. When replenishing gear-box and back axle of your Morris Car insist that Duckham's Morrisol "Sirrom" (Regd.) Brand Synchro-Gear and XS Press Oils are used. Of these the Morris Manual says—". . Ask for them by name, and insist on getting them." Announcement or ALEXANDER DUCKHAM & CO. Ltd. 16 & 18 CANNON STREET, E.C.4 MENTION OF THE MORRIS OWNER ENSURES PROMPT ATTENTION TO LETTERS. *syX/ The MORRIS Owner 152 APRIL, 1937 c HE charming film Tudor Rose, recently , released. , has brought home to the , ---a public in a very vivid way the poign- .0.• ant tragedy of Lady Jane Grey. "The Nine Days Queen," who, as old Fuller said, possessed at sixteen "the beauty of youth, the innocency of childhood, the solidity of middle and the gravity of old age, who bad had the birth of a princess, the learning of a clerk, the life of a saint, and the death of a malefactor." She was born in a dangerous and difficult age, while a fierce struggle was pro- ''. ceeding in the 1 # : 13. , ... Church between ,f • di tyii . --;-.- - the forces of reform and re- r 1 10411• . , – . action. It was a ruth- •,. - v•Ahial. „- less and barbar- _ • ous age, when ,l' . , greedy nobles - . / . _ struggled for - place and power, . -.. . and used religion. . --. The and politics as . - • 1 - . Ko.-• . Country weapons for their 1v.) own advance- ' 410:111111 \ 4.' LADY ORA ment, and even 4'scr dared to seize on ' ts -ilig ..,,,•• Some of the rural hou.CAlnrc (Top) The ruins of Bradgate innocent children - , ,. \—"4 Rouse, near Leicester. (Left) England's most trat cls.`Ys , l; , Jane with her tutor, Roger reign in history, as pawns in their Ascham, and (below)a view offer deadly game. of Astley Castle, another of Two young her father's houses, at By GEORGE , Stockingford,Warwickshire. children were -.4; . first enmeshed ,•, , c. in this sordid net of selfish .• - - ' intrigue, Edward i . _ 1,,,_, .• .- the delicate boy 1 .— -- - - ' — King and his cousin, the modest and talented Lady Jane. Both of them were puppets in the hands of greedy and unscrupulous relatives, and the whole hateful business was poisoned by that detestable thing religious bigotry. The trouble began with the will of King Henry VIII, which enacted that after his own children, Edward, Mary and Elizabeth, the succession of the crown should fall to the descendants of Mary Tudor, which made Lady Jane next in title to the throne, after her three cousins. An Accomplished Girl We first read of Jane as a clever, precocious child, living with her father, the Marquis of Dorset, at Bradgate, near Leicester. Her mother was the grand-daughter of King Henry VD' (the Mary Tudor we have mentioned above), and King Hebrew, Chaldaic, Arabic, French and Italian, but Henry VIII was of course Lady Dorset's uncle. Jane she loved to wander over the splendid park which could have had little leisure for play, for her education still surrounds the house, and canter on her pony included such formidable subjects as Greek, Latin, to the breezy summits of the Charnwood hills. APRIL, 1937 153 The Momus Owner carried the sceptre before the nine-year-old King. The Duke of Somerset, King Edward's uncle, became Lord Protector. Plot upon Plot His younger brother was Thomas Seymour, and he planned to supplant the Protector. The first idea was to marry the Princess Elizabeth. Her father had not been dead a month before he had the nerve to propose marriage to this child of fourteen, who was twenty years his junior. Eliza- beth very wisely declined, so he next proposed to her step-mother, the late King's widow, who ac- •cepted him. The marriage was secret at first, owing to opposi- tion, but was made public a few months later. The romance was of sl-rort duration and poor Kath- erine died fifteen months after her wedding, and we can see her grave in the chapel at Sudeley Castle. Seymour's next IORJ? assoc 40'1'p qua.) idea was to ob- czs. tain custody of cis‘ inter Lady Jane, and LOT by an arrange- • • • ment with her father he became her guardian. The next man to take a hand in the intrigue was Warwick, the haughty king-maker, who ke of Northumber- the young King ined to many his :tire the throne for ■eymour had been :her, the Protector from power, and ruler of England. vas executed, and tick's daring plan. her, who was now his agreement no d. Children must ! do as they are told. And so on Whit-Sunday, 1553, this most tragic of weddings was held. It was a great day in little Jane's life when Two charming children, a boy of seventeen and a her favourite cousin was crowned King of all girl of sixteen, knelt before a grave and kindly bishop England, and her father took a leading part in who pronounced them man and wife. What was the ceremony. Dressed in gorgeous attire, he the attitude of the little victims ? He, Lord (OR)? 40,2h2p ORA crs' The 1VIoRRis Owner 154 APRIL, 1937 The Country of Lady Jane Grey—contd. With a terrible sigh she drew herself up, and went bravely to the scaffold. She untied her gown with Guilford Dudley, young, handsome, impetuous, full her own hands, and quietly laid her head upon the of hope for the future, while she was grave and serious, block, saying "Lord, into Thy hands I commend my as was her wont. If she suspected that there was spirit." danger ahead, she was ready to face it. Peril was It has been suggested that Jane's ghastly encounter the ante-room, death the portal, of the eternal city with the corpse of her husband may have been an in which she believed. accident, but it is much more likely that it was due The ceremony was over, the people left the Church ; to the Queen's own cruel design. and no one guessed that in a few short months Midland readers are well situated to visit the both the young couple and the bishop who had places connected with poor Jane's short life. Her married them would be struck down by the cruel old home, Bradgate, has now become a public park ; hand of Mary. it is five miles from Leicester. The house is now in ruins, but we can perhaps see the window at The Death of Edward which Lady Jane was sitting when Roger Ascharn A few weeks later little Edward died, but he first found her reading Plato. This forms the scene of made a will naming Lady Jane as his successor. Mr. Horsley's famous painting nearly a century ago, She was proclaimed Queen on roth July, very much which I reproduce here. against her own wishes. When the news was first broken to her she wept, and declared that she would A Warwickshire Home not take the crown unless it were legitimately hers. Her father had another home at Astley, two miles The "Nine Days Reign" started badly. Her pro- from Stockingford, Warwickshire. Although within clamation was heard in stony silence, and there was an hour's run of Birmingham's busy Bull Ring, no cheering by the crowd that saw her admitted the castle is situated in delightful country. Its to the Tower, which was soon to become her prison. old grey walls are embowered in trees and surrounded Ten days later Mary had become Queen, and not by a sparkling moat, forming a picture of perfect long after these pitiful children were " tried " and peace, so that it is hard to realise the horror that condemned to death. It was the Queen's desire that fell upon it when the pitiless Queen smote down both the little bride and her husband should suffer together father and daughter in a common doom, and even on Tower Hill ; but it was represented to her that tore down the walls of their home. The unlucky 40 FOULED PLUGS ON NEW CARS T occasionally happens during the must conduct sufficient heat away Cleaning and careful gap-setting are running-in of a new car that there from themselves to prevent pre- all that is necessary to overcome any I is a tendency for the sparking ignition. fouling tendency, and when the car plugs to become fouled. A little When an engine is running slowly has completed its running-in period thought will show that this is quite the plugs do not become very hot, yet and is working under normal conditions a logical happening. . all the time oil is being splashed on the trouble will disappear ; that is, When a car is being " run-in " it to them. Under normal running of course, in the unlikely event of is essentially being operated at its conditions plugs can cater for these there having been any trouble. minimum efficiency, whereas all the opposing conditions, but apart from Whether or not fouling has been accessories fitted to it are obviously the continual slow-running of a new experienced during running-in, it is capable of withstanding all the stresses engine, most owners use upper cylinder strongly recommended that after their placed on them under normal or even lubricant, which naturally increases first 5oo miles the plugs should be hard driving conditions. the amount of oil the plugs must carefully cleaned and reset. There- Plugs in particular have always to withstand. after it should only be necessary to do two things—keep hot and keep Early fouling of plugs can therefore give them attention every 1500-2000 cool ! They must retain sufficient readily be understood if these points miles and this regular inspection will heat to burn off the oil thrown on regarding the operation of sparking ensure many thousands of miles of to them, and at the same time they plugs generally are borne in mind. trouble-free service. (ORA. "?cts-Wiz. fORI 157 The MORRIS AFRIL, 1987 Owner PICTURES OF THE MONTH Items of Interest from all Source 777. . who...... „.. wi tr .1. 11k . ...... "iv', I J , . ii...; - ••••••• i .. I ' _.---- • 1 & 2.—TIIE R.A.C. RALLY. A general;view of the competitors awaiting the speed test on the front at Hastings. (Below) Mr. N. Cansick's Morris Twenty-one. 3.—SCOTLAND UNDER THE WEATHER.I_Workmen clearing the snow-blocked road at Soutra Hill, near Edinburgh. 4.—THE BERLIN MOTOR SHOW—as popular as our Olympia Show—seen from the Radio Tower. S.—UPSTAIRS. At the MorrisT;Carages successful display of Morris films at the Town Hull. Oxford—when 2000 people attended In the two days' show—a selection of the latest models was taken up a long flight of stairs to the upper floor. EMI? 4sish2p ( cis• The MORRIS Owner 158 APRIL, 1987 Pictures of the Month —contd. 0 0 0 • ' 41r: i ille 4■•• ' '''• IlS9Ns, a li lb , • • -- - .:. *1 .- s , .:. , • ., ,:-. , • .,.. , , - - -, 4.,...:' ...., .-.4,,..... • .„. . –..4.--• . .',....4. • ' - --'''';."%, ' • •' • ' ' _ I ...; . 7 - ." ' • ; t , . t . : ... „u . ,. — '".- ''T - .gx'•-- . _.. .4„; .4 ,:sr - . _,-, ...., ...... 6ieveeer•- - _.. , - - !I ..- - . ilk. A, I •A 1,11 . ' ' 7... •V . • ire.' • ■ i , AI, te• w . ... crs‘ .. .:• _ ill, A ' .. it• $:... - • A 'r . 1 . . , , . . . . . . — • . .. .,. ,,,. - . . • , • • .• . . , .1_, • .... , . i . , . • • . „ - , • • .4 • . . ,. . s, . •C._ ' - , .. , I.—A SOUTH COAST ATTRACTION. Heavy weather attracted over • ---..-" ' 'io """.tr ' many motorists to the front at Hove to watch the seas breaking - King's Esplanade. . . 2.—CORONATION COLOURS. This Horsley (Glos.) owner of a Morris Ten coupe is already preparing his car for the celebrations in May. gr•v:, 3.—PETER PAN IS GROWING UP. The London Zoo la becoming ..• - •4' ',c) a popular terminus for a run by country motorists, many of whom , , - , .. will recognise this tome alligator—he will soon he too big for this sort of treatment. 4.—This old horse fire engine, belonging to the Dridgnorth (Shrop- shire) Fire Brigade, recently attended a fire towed by a lorry, while • the Brigade's motor unit was undergoing repairs. ' "" '-'" . ''' 5.—SPRING IN KEW GARDENS. Crocuses bad already made an , appearance early in the month. -4sish152p ( tAzt APRIL, 1987 159 The MORRIS Owner NOTICE BOARD By THOMAS KELLY R. DUBBLE sat in the rickety " Why "—he checked himself from the little shed which he called his boast that it had sold three houses in M workshop, puffing at an evil- its day—"why, some of my best work smelling pipe. He lumbered to his went into that there board. Hartistic, feet as a shadow fell across the narrow that's wot it is, and it's a eye-opener doorway. to me if it's bin and let you down." "Mornin', Miss Pepper," he saluted "It merely attracted curious and affably. almost impertinent people," Miss "Good morning, George." The prim Pepper complained. "They all knew and rather faded little lady peeped in one thing about buying a car—the cautiously. "You remember me ?" fact that a trial run was understood. As well as wot I remember yester- But not one of them seemed genuine day, Miss Pepper. A good many would-be purchasers. They hadn't oddity jobs I done for you about your even a healthy curiosity as to the 'ouse, and 'tain't like me to forget merits of the car." clients wot treats me 'andsome while "Curiosity ain't never 'ealthy, miss," engaged according." put in Mr. Dabble, who felt he was Miss Pepper fluttered her apprecia- on the defensive. "Though some is tion. "Oh, thank you, George. Now, more curious than others, and some I've decided to sell my present car," is curious that 'as no business to be she explained. "Privately, you know. such." So I want a notice board in my front garden, to announce the fact to Trial Runs prospective buyers." "What was the motive behind the "Percisely, miss," agreed Mr. requests for trial runs ?" asked Miss Dubble. "The littery wording on the ible of professional Pepper, with a show of temper. "The said notice to read : 'Motorcar for perspicacity desire to save train or bus fares. The Sale. Apply Within.' ' Or words to couple from number seventeen asked that effeck ?" for a trial run, on a Sunday afternoon, "The very words, George." Miss to the seaside! The lady three doors Pepper shook her umbrella in pleased away wished for a trial run, but it confirmation. "Perhaps you keep turned out she went to see her married such boards in stock ?' daughter—twenty miles away 1 And out of your bill for that there board." even the young man who is a boarder ORA "Sorry, miss, but I don't," announ- •ctorp ced Mr. Dubble sadly. "Besides, that " Ah 1 "Miss Pepper exclaimed softly, across the road suggested he should 73 4' "and what is the amount ?" <,.• ain't nowhere like my policy. None try the car on the drive yourself cis• of this 'ere mass-production methods "Arf a mo, miss." The handyman's principle! I soon settled him, how- for George Dubble. Each order forehead was puckered as he mumbled ever. 'Certainly,' I replied, 'provided specially designed and executed to to himself : "Upright, six, by three, you pay me a deposit sufficient to suit the individual client." by two. Painthe and varnishing, best cover the value of the car.' I expect "How soon could you--er—execute materials. Screws. Removing there- he wanted to take a girl out for a such a board for me ?" came the half- to, excavating and erectile. Materials, run—" amused query. time, etceterar. Nineteen and seven, "So you sent 'im off with a flea in "Two days, miss," the handyman miss. And if my profit on same isn't 'is ear," prompted Mr. Dubble pleasant- volunteered promptly. "Vraps by change from a bob, that's by way of ly. to-morrow evening. I'd suggest a your being a regular client in the "I beg your pardon." Miss Pepper background in best black varnish, with past." drew herself up to her full height, litter}, wording in best white oil." "Nearly a pound ?" The breathless noticing that the handyman looked "Yes, that would look all right, exclamation did not perturb Mr. chastened under her rebuke. She went George. And as soon as you can." Dubble. "Isn't that rather high, on : "You'll appreciate why I want "Best respecks, miss." Mr. Dubble George? And now I want the board that board removed, George. I'm touched his battered hat vaguely. "A removed." sending the car to the garage, instead rush order, to be put in 'and forth- .--such nice people. So, if you take with." Further Charge your board away—" "Removed," Mr. Dubble repeated "An f a mo, miss I" urged Mr. Getting to Work thoughtfully, adding : "To removing Dubble quickly. "I don't like to When his customer left, the handy- same, three-and-six extra." think that board 'as let us down. I'll man unearthed a board from the "Oh, but you'll still have the board," make it justify itself, see, by changing lumber at the end of the shed. He Miss Pepper pointed out. "I'll pay the wording so's you'll get your own painted over "This House" and you for the erecting and the removing." back off them smarties. A proper substituted "Motorcar." Then he "Not no use to me, that board hinspiration I 'ave, to make it official, touched up the faded invitation to wouldn't be now, miss." Mr. Dabble like, and tell them to mind their own apply Within. shook a doleful head. "It were made business. You leave it to me—you'll The board had been less than a special design, see, to match your be surprised." week in Miss Pepper's front garden 'ouse and garden. Thrown back on Miss Pepper was surprised. She was when that lady called again at Mr. my 'ands it'll only 'ave firewood almost shocked. For on the following Dub morning the notice board in her front le ssible's • workshop, and began breath- value." Y • 1 ye come about that board, Miss Pepper disliked argument, but garden read : •.,eorge,” her next remark was a trifle tart. "MOTORCAR , a ".Lumme 1" breathed Mr. Dubble, "Well, your board has done me more NOT Ilnokuulgth. the stub of pencil from his harm than good," she retorted. FOR SALE If this ain't like a chapter "Brought me the wrong people." DOAN'T rout APPLY WITHIN. eom. a.eidi murder . story. I mean the "One of the best boards ever I g, nuss. I'm just a-makin' executed," lamented Mr. Dubble. BY ORDER. (OR1? kz. Incis• OILY .1131.'n crs' The MORRIS Owner 160 APRIL, 1987 For the Motorist's Bookshelf INTERESTING PUBLICATIONS Pictorial Britain and Ireland, by S. Car Maintenance and Repair, by P. B. Mms. H. K. McCann & Co. ARTHUR W. JUDGE. Chapman & 8s. 6d. Hall. as. UBLISHED on behalf of the O the man who habitually does Anglo-American Oil Company his own running repairs this work pLimited, this is an entirely new Tcan be heartily recommended, al- kind of guide book ; the maps, while though it is only fair to point out that practical and serviceable, are all many of the processes described would drawn pictorially and are works of be beyond the ordinary amateur, art in themselves, and the through demanding a certain degree of skill. routes for towns are drawn in the same Even so, a great deal of the matter artistic manner. The remainder of is written with the thought in mind the book is in the handy form of a that the average amateur has only gazetteer arranged alphabetically With this book on the shelf, the the tool kit supplied with the car, and under district headings, such as the motorist can anticipate in the cooler a few odd extras supplied from time West Country, the Eastern Counties months the joys of which he -will take to time. Almost every operation the and the Midlands, and the South his fill in the Summer, if he is an author describes is illustrated with Coast, while Scotland and Ireland are observant Nature-lover, and incident- easily followed drawings, while illustra- also included. ally realise also how much he has tions of a very large number of car A happy combination of the pictur- missed. For instance, here is a components—including, of course, esque and the practical. paragraph : many of Morris cars—are given. "Like the owl, the water ousel has Accumulator Charging, by W. S. Guide to Devon, by JOHN HETIENIAN. two eyelids, and no close observer can IBBOTSON. Pitman's. 3s. 6d. Architectural Press. 2s. 6d. fail to note how frequently the white, IILE definitely written for the ERE is another in the excellent and probably semi-transparent inner professional and of undoubted series of Shell Guides which, lid is used." One of the illustrations Wvalue to the proprietor of a H among other things, embrace a reveals the eyes uncovered. charging station, the author has been set of maps of useful scale—five miles And the illustrations are no ordinary at pains to keep his text -well within to the inch—in the early pages. illustrations ; they imply a very high the technical compass of the amateur. It is compiled in the form of a order of camera-craft and patience. The man with a private lighting gazetteer, and it is not too much to plant at home, or one who keeps his say that every town and villPge London, 1936. Ward Lock & CO. wireless batteries up to their work on calculated to interest the tourist is 2S. 6d. a home charger, derives useful know- ORA ,tkink-t'p given a mention, and in a very large rT‘HIS is a recent addition to Ward ledge from a perusal of this work. number of instances illustrated, the Jj Lock's Holiday Guides, of which There is a very interesting chapter crs' standard of the illustrations being of altogether there are 130. The devoted to car batteries, telling, among a very high order of excellence. Guide makes it plain that London is other things, how to remove the cell A complete guide to the sport not half a bad spot to spend a holiday covers, which might be interesting Devon has to offer, including fishing even for the man who works there. to those living a long way from a and shooting, hunting, sailing and All the sights are interestingly de- service station. „off, is provided, and the whole measures scribed, while plans of the more but 9 in. by 8 in. by if in. and can interesting buildings are included, as Birmingham. 13irrningharn Informa- thus be carried conveniently in the are a number df useful maps of varying tion Bureau. Gratis. door pocket of the car. scale. The environs of Hampton F anticipations are realised, the Court and Harrow receive a mention. new year will provide a record in Perhaps we ought to add that the i the number of visitors to this coun- Wild Visitors to a Cotswold Garden, book is the 52nd edition. try; Birmingham has already produced by ERNEST C. HARRIS. "Country for the Coronation Year a novel *unto Life." 8s. 6d. The Motor World Annual, by GEORGE which is directed to the overseas visitor MHE author of this book lived at H. CUTBUSH. Motor World. 2S. not less than to the thousands of a delightful spot on the Windrush, N abundant assortment of mis- people in this country who are tem- a tributary of the Thames. The cellaneous information apper- porarily absorbed into Birmingham's dream garden in which ninety-nine A taining to the motorcar, and par- teeming millions. men in a hundred look forward to ticularly the motorcar in Scotland. A This new publication is a lavishly spending their retirement, and about very useful Scottish trade directory illustrated brochure, its coloured cover one in ten thousand achieve, really arranged in alphabetical order of suggesting Birmingham's proximity to belonged to Mr. Harris until recently, towns may be singled out for special the delightful countryside in the Mid- for he has lately passed over to a still mention. lands in the form of a tapestry upon better one. It is interesting to note that the which England's second city is imposed He shares his browsing with us in population of each town is given, and in silhouette. Within the covers an these delightful pages. We share his thus we see that in Edzell (Angus) aerial photograph suggests the vast pleasant hours watching the king- there is only one garage in a population magnitude of Birmingham, while over fishers, the crayfish, hedge warblers, of 1033, designated, appropriately one hundred delightful illustrations carp, gudgeon and snipe, in addition to enough, A. Spark. Elgin, on the of the city and its environs project the commoner friends of the garden, and other hand, with a population of forcibly the multitude of interests in so vivid is the style that we can visual- 8810, has nine motor concerns, and this vast hub of industry. ise, as we read, everything the author therefore if you are any good at all tells us. at mathematics you can work out This is not an ordinary Nature book ; for yourself which has the greater GIVING evidence at Wood Green there isn't a Latin word in the whole number per head of population. Police Court, a constable said : " I of it, except Is deum, which some of An annual feature In this work is told the defendant that I dimmed the the more learned among you may the progress in car design for the lights on the police car so that we could know has nothing to do with orni- year, which makes very interesting follow him unobserved. He said : thology. reading. 'Isn't that cheating ? " _ ApRIL, 1937 161 The MORRIS Owner WORK The efforts of the Research Department of the I.A.E. prl• i l 7 , ..-:: ' ilisr artilf--.,T.--,,if- All _la.„Al at, le.m, mg ,,... -... By CHARLES VIVIAN ..... ...,, i _--- 01: a 0 available, the temperature being measured by thermo-couples. A method has been developed of , studying the vibrations of the ■ --.... - , .7 11=1 4, 4 I various parts by means of a ,. -, cathode-ray engine indicator, • 11, the pick-up unit being placed TN a fine new building . , close to the vibrating part. I. on the Great West 1.) Already much valuable in- 0.. Road at Brentford ex- 4‘ ' formation has been obtained, periments are in progress and before very long an ex- which are being watched .• , „, --, haustive Research Report on with the greatest interest 4 k i the subject will be issued. not only by motorcar manufacturers in this - --- Gradually Developed country, but by automobile (Top) The research station's new premises at This idea of co-operative in- Drentford and (above) the assembly for observation engineers all over the of valve and valve seat wear. dustrial research is no new thing. world. So far back as 1915 the Depart- There is the baffling problem of brake-squeak, for ment of Scientific and Industrial Research was formed. example. Why do brakes squeak ? Sometimes there Under its auspices many research associations came is a good reason, sometimes there appears to be none. into being, including, in 1920, the Research Association It is these elusive, unaccountable squeaks that have of British Motor and Allied Manufacturers. been worrying engineers. Dozens of theories have This Association received consistent support from been advanced, but no one really knows. a rather limited number of manufacturers, and carried That is why the Research Department of the out a good deal of very useful work. Five years ago, Institution of Automobile Engineers has taken the in July, 1931, the Research Association was absorbed matter up, and is conducting a series of scientific by the Institution of Automobile Engineers in the experiments to track that squeak to its lair. form of the Research and Standardisation Committee. It is this Committee that decides upon the work carried Getting Down to it out at the I.A.E. Research Station. The Chairman This is how they are tackling the problem. Their of the Committee is Mr. Tom Thomycroft ; the object is to study the vibrations and noise of various Director of Research is Mr. C. G. Williams, M.Sc. parts of a brake-drum. The back axle of a car is The principal aim of the Committee is to encourage coupled, through a twenty-to-one reduction gear, co-operative research on problems of common interest to a variable speed motor. By this means it is possible to the motor industry. Such research must obviously to drive the brake-drums at speeds as low as 5 r.p.m., result in a general improvement and development in or, say, m.p.h. This is being done because squeak vehicles, and in increased public demand. It is, often occurs as a vehicle comes to rest. therefore, in the interests of all manufacturers, One of the brakes is hard on and, therefore, locked, associated directly or indirectly with the industry, While a known torque is applied to the cam of the to support this work. Other brake through a spring-balance arrangement. That manufacturers do recognise the excellent To control the temperature of the brake a fan is work being done is proved by the support they give roRi? oftli .;10t The MoRms Owner 162 APRIL, 1937 Good Work—contd. the various British and foreign publications. These abstracts are circulated in loose-leaf form, so that to the Committee. Five years ago the number of they may be conveniently filed for reference. manufacturers affiliated to the Institution was twenty- So many interesting experiments and researches eight. To-day they number 215, and include vehicle are being carried on that it is impossible in a short and engine manufacturers (including aircraft) and article to do more than indicate the main lines of manufacturers of motorcycles, tyres, and accessories. work. In addition, fourteen prominent oil companies are To ascertain data on engine friction at low temper- affiliated. ature a single-cylinder engine is being motored in a Actually, a great deal of valuable research in refrigerator at a temperature of ten degrees Centigrade, connection with oil has been and is being carried out. or eighteen degrees Fahrenheit of frost. By this One engine at the laboratory is being used for re- means the actual power required to start an engine search respecting cylinder wear. The effect of the at low temperatures is studied. The amount of friction previous mileage of the lubricating oil and of con- is indicated on the calibrated ammeter ; and dylinder tamination with ash and other foreign matter is wall temperatures are measured by thermo-couples being examined. The samples of oil used in these and indicated on the pyrometer. Examination is tests have been obtained from omnibuses and cars being made of the influence of factors such as piston which have been run for periods up to 20,000 miles skirt clearance, piston ring pressure and oil viscosity. without draining the sump. The rate of wear with the various samples of oil is also being determined Valves and Seats after filtration. The conditions of running are con- Another object of research is the wear and pitting tinuous operation at a medium load and speed. of many materials for exhaust valves and valve seat Many cylinder liner materials are also being tested inserts. To study this matter a machine has been as regards corrosion resistance under cold running designed in which the exhaust valve is operated in conditions, and for general performance under inter- the normal way, the inlet valve being permanently mittent operation. Convenient Quarters The various laboratories are all on the ground floor. They are excellently designed and light places, ORA and comprise laboratories for chemical work and ty.'n 44" cv material-testing, the chassis laboratory, the engine 4 ORA crs' 1987 163 APRIL, The MORRIS Owner Good Work—contd. Research Station. Such work is in addition to the research programme drawn up by the Committee, being carried out in connection with the knotty and is only undertaken when laboratory space and problems of automobile engineering. The present time are available. programme of research includes : cylinder and piston wear.; limiting loads and temperatures on big-end A Co-operative Effort bearings; lubricating oil consumplion ; corrosion Besides the manufacturers affiliated to the Institu- of ball bearings in storage ; gear wear and durability ; tion there are a number of firms known as "affiliated impact of tyres on roads ; cast materials for crank - operators." These firms—they are mainly big trans- shafts ; and deep-drawing of sheet steel. port undertakings and municipal transport depart- men ts—co-operate in the work of the Committee by Proprietary Materials contributing their own experience on particular There is also co-operation between the Institution problems. This co-operation has proved extremely and the National Physical Laboratory over researches useful. The records of municipal transport work on road impact and on materials for cast crankshafts. are usually kept very carefully, and when available It often happens that manufacturers desire particu- have sometimes had an important bearing on research lar information regarding the performance of pro- work. prietary articles and materials. In certain cases Quietly and efficiently, the Brentford Research these tests can be carried out economically at the Station is doing extraordinarily useful work. - BREVITIES - BUSMEN and other transport drivers taxes imposed by the municipality. WHEREAS Germany has built over of Grays have asked the Ministry of Only men over sixty or with five too° kilometres (620 miles) of new Transport to make the local authorities children are exempt. roads during the past two years, take steps to improve Grays roads. Turkey is determined to make the England has built only 300 miles of They allege that the cambers of the roads some of the finest in the world, new roads in the past ten years. roads are so steep as to endanger heavy and from June, /937, certain women -- vehicles. In the High Street at one will also be liable for road taxes. TAXES amounting to £48,000 will spot the centre of the road is 18 inches -- be paid by Viennese cyclists next year. higher than the sides. BASINGSTOKE magistrates all looked This money will be spent in providing very relieved when the clerk stated road facilities for cyclists. MORE than 50,000 men are to be that he would not bother to read a compelled to work at road making six-page letter from a man summoned A moron salesman drove a new car and road mending in the region of for driving a car without a rear-light. out to a farm in Texas. The new owner, Istanbul until the middle of April. They imposed a fine of 55. delighted at allowance made for old These temporary road makers are — car, promptly handed over first instal- those who have refused to pay road THE Ministry of Transport has ment—consisting of half a bushel of approved of a scheme costing £7 6,500 pennies and weighing 94 lb.! Buyer to widen about four and a half miles explained to the salesman that he'd of the St. Albans to Luton road. been saving up for two years 1 Savings --- were handed over in small potato sacks. LORRY driver, summoned at High- — gate police court : "I made a vow A DUST CART which caught fire at never to drink when I am in uniform, Raynes Park had posted on the side so when I go into a public house I of it a notice which read : "Burn your leave my cap in the driver's cabin." rubbish and save your rates." --- ROBOTS PREFERRED. Traffic at A Fox darted across the main London Piccadilly Circus is shortly to be con- road at West Meon, near Botley, trolled by automatic traffic signals in Hants., and collided with a motor- place of the thirteen policemen who cycle combination. The motorcycle at present regulate the flow of traffic. overturned on top of the driver, who was only slightly injured. FOR worshippers who are unable to — walk to church, the Rev. Leon A. IN carrying out a road widening Dean, of Amesbury, Massachusetts, scheme in Epsom High Street, a bank has offered a free taxi service. He that was built only two years ago at hopes in this way to attract a larger a cost of several thousand pounds will congregation. have to be demolished. QU1NS PETROL PUMP. Motorists in BLANKETS WANTED. SO Mile& glycer- Callander, Ontario, buy their petrol ine was sold by America to Europe for from the main local garage from pumps munitions manufacture last year that decorated with the names of the anti-freeze, with its glycerine base, is A FRIENDLY INTIMATION.—This practically unobtainable there and band signal is used to inform another famous five. Custom demands that driver that luggage on his carrier one asks for "three Yvonnes," "two car owners are being warned to carry is insecure. Annettes " and so on I an extra radiator blanket. The MORRIS Owner 164 APRIL, 1987 Trees for the King's Mg' hway Preserving the beauty of our national highways should be a foremost consideration. In this aructe_ _ _ 1 me.1 au.tnor otters some valuable suggestions. BY. . RICHARD ST. BARBE BAKER (Founder of The Men of the Trees) usimmeouft• jay-walking ped- estrians, and the i. ''.1c. '' :/', ' .;.• more houses there are along IORI? arterial roads, 401'p , e. • • • the more difficult cis'‘ driving becomes . 44 ,..Y . , • - it ------!'',41 . . 4':i .. t , eit Act Now - -.._,- ' $^:4 How different skA., is * ' - .. things might E are not all speed - - have been if only - . , Wfiends. The fact is . , those in tuthor- — . i .141: e. that thousands of % i ity had done a motorists go to the coun- . - little planning -,,',.. try for rest and recreation, ,. ,.. • ,-r•. , , ,..-,- ok, beforehand. their car enables them to . : -• . ,i. ...A.(041..1 ,• ; .3:. However, in spend Summer days amid woodland 1 '•.• ' ; --(4 7.—r.‘.. ;.,- many cases the scenery and gain the inspiration that . . . ,1111164 mistake has been comes from the trees and God's good ...... , • ' oe * NO made and it is earth. Naturally the road that takes ;- - rialw• too late to alter one to these pleasures is of vital interest - it. Let us learn to every motor owner. After all he pays , by the experience for its construction and upkeep and he • of the past and should have some say in its appearance. ..1. , demand -_, ,__•_, . the.. The Road Itself ;_,.._- ow,s. rignt sort OT -.---, 7 — Pr"- .,i, King's highway First and foremost, of course, the . for the future ; road must be an efficient road, the sur- _ let us consider face must be right, we must be able to , - , our requirements pass rapidly without undue hindrance. In the upper picture is a Norfolk road bordered with oaks and insist that Unfortunately many of our new arterial planted duringe the Napoleonic wars. In the circle is a they shall be met. 1-yc.p_ Lcaayl, exanargee fitof Istheer upniclotvuerli shghwws roads have merely provided an invest- azsil,eevinog orgaerdw i'rg Surely it is only ment for speculating builders and the pines in the hedges. reasonable that ribbon development has, in many cases, defeated the citizens of our country who pay for the the aim for which they were built. The motorist roads should have some say in': their design and has to drive with the greatest caution to avoid management. OR'? 4stak2p (.16-W44,z. 7,40v , 165 Apiut, 1937 The MORRIS Owner Trees for the King's Highway—contd. so, why should not the road authorities acquire three or four times as much land as they do at Vistas of beautiful countryside are being every- present so as to allow for belts of beautiful woodlands where destroyed ; wide-spreading landscapes are and ornamental shrubs along the roadside ? being marred by a hideous growth of ugly and ignoble buildings. Secluded recesses of our wood- The Road of the Future lands are being laid bare and the few that remain I picture the road of the future of adequate width are being rapidly destroyed before the disastrous to take the ever increasing stream of traffic, the two blight of urbanisation. currents divided by a continuous evergreen hedge Those who seek to preserve the ancient glories of with grass verges. On the. outer bends silver birch our countryside naturally endeavour to retain as trees would be planted so that their white stems many trees as possible. We realise the importance would show up clearly at night time in the headlights. of conserving what remains of the heritage of the Cross-roads would be furnished with Lombardy past, at the same time we must not forget that much poplars because their characteristics show up differ- of the beauty which we have so much admired has ently in the landscape from other trees and they been the result of patient planning and much fore- would serve as a warning to motorists. thought on the part of our ancestors. The older "Say it with trees" should be the slogan for those estates with their parks and woodlands were designed who would keep our roads beautiful. Either side by experts and great masters of their craft. the verge would contain groups of economic wood- To-day the situation is rapidly changing. Taxation land trees, which would provide a reserve of timber is making it no longer possible for many private to fall back on in time of need and a source of individuals to own large revenue for the upkeep of estates, and a great number the • roads. If this were of the old properties have done, in course of time it already been broken up might be possible to reduce into small holdings and the cost of motor licences building lots, on which trees and the high tax on fuel ; have been ruthlessly, though through the woods on either often necessarily, felled. side would be tracks for Keep the Trees cyclists and footpaths for pedestrians, where they The destruction of many could enjoy their walking of the beautiful trees border- or riding, free from danger ing fields and roads is often to themselves ; beyond the due to lack of knowledge woods, on either side, would and foresight on the part be subordinatefeeding roads, of those newly acquiring and at right angles to these land. If speculating builders roads of access to the model with a little more imagin- towns or villages of the ation would wisely leave future. The accompanying older trees, their new de- sketch provides just the velopments would have a crudest suggestion, which more matured appearance. might be developed by those Unfortunately there are no experienced in planning and laws by which this can be to whose care is entrusted enforced—we can only work the future aspect of our to create the tree sense and country. get people to realise that Let us retain as many of beauty, in itself, is of vital our old country lanes as importance to the country- possible without interfer- side, and, although difficult ence; so long as the surface to assess, is of real economic of the road is good let us value. not demand that the bends It is when we come to should disappear or that the Approaching Oxford. Care should always be taken, the King's highway that when road widening works are In progress, to preserve hedgerow timber should be motorists should use their as many trees as possible. destroyed. influence to see to it that It will be well for the the road of the future is all that might be desired. road designer carefully to consider the soil and It is interesting to know that eighty per cent. of situation and select the right kinds of trees. In the the money paid to owners of property where new neighbourhood of great cities or industrial areas most roads have been made goes for the privilege of pine trees and resinous trees will have to be ruled out dividing their land and only twenty per cent. because their lenticils, or breathing holes, and stomata represents the actual value of the land. This being of the leaves get blocked up with soot. (OW?.4sick* , ORA crs' The MORRIS Owner 166 APRIL, 1937 Trees for the King's Highway NEW HOU SI Ng DEVELOPMENT —contd. _JII LJ L_I LJ Li Li L__JLI LJ LJii L2 LI t Let us try to keep the characteris- 0).3 Woodizata. ri,N.) rciur L.31ab l Poplars 0 tics of the countryside as much as Trees `-•• _ possible by planting the trees that rsk 0 46 belong to the country : the oak, the C.:.7.1 0 . ash, the beech and the walnut, the sycamore and the Norway maple are trees with long life, while the , s .., poplar grows much more rapidly ti) but does not live so long. London a plane is recommended for cities. - HECIGE BORDERED BV GRASS VERGE - - Trees that thrive in. industrialised areas are strictly limited, but among the better known and the commoner sorts, in addition to those mentioned, acacia and birch will thrive on poor soil. It is most important not to ob- - v) scure oncoming traffic. This can be avoided by the judicious pruning of Foto. to** )N\.■ trees of the right sort ; they must not be too cumbersome and need nirir ni ririrjin not tower too high. NEW HOUSING DEVELOPMENT Many shrubs might be mentioned The road of the future? One-way traffic separated by a continuous line of hedge for this, amongst which might be to prevent dazzle is shown, and it is recommended that the bordering belt should included the arbutus or strawberry be four hundred feet in width and contain trees and cycle paths. tree, although this will not thrive in exposed who wish for further information are invited either ORA situations. The bay looks beautiful in Summer or to write to the Hon. Secretary or to call at ro Victoria Winter ; some members of the cherry family, in- Street, London, the headquarters of the Society, cluding certain types of ornamental laurel, might where the co-operation and interest of tree lovers be used interspersed with flowering trees such as is always welcome. hawthorn, cherry, whitebeam, mountain ash or rowan and holly. The selection might include wild apples, catalpas, magnolias, but the dominant charac- A SAFE TENT STOVE teristic should be of evergreen nature. Near the TN wet or cool weather some kind of heat in a sea the central verge might be planted with Monterey ji tent, espenially at night, is greatly appreciated. cypress, may trees and bay trees ; maple-leaved or Yet anything in the way of a lamp or an oil London plane will also thrive there. stove is not really very safe owing to the risk of fire. Here is a way of arranging a tent fire which is A Guide to Choice absolutely safe and yet will continue to radiate heat The following table, although not complete, may for many hours. be of assistance not only to those who are making All that will be needed is a bucket, apart from the new roads, but who wish to plant trees in their fuel which is collected from the camp fire. Decide own gardens. upon the spot in the floor of the tent where it is ' SOIL SITUATIONS wished to have the stove, and place the bucket here Chalk Clay Alluvial Seaside in an inverted position. With the point of a stick Beech Alders Alders Birch draw out a circle on the ground all round the rim Birch Ash Ash Beech Cedar Beech Beech Elder of the bucket. Remove the pail and then dig down Cherries Cherry Cherry Pines inside this circle to the depth of about fifteen inches Holm oak Elm Hornbeam Poplars or a little more. After your camp fire has been Horse chestnut Hornbeam Lime Sycamore Junipers Horse chestnut Oak burning for a while collect as many of the glowing Norway maple Lime Rowan embers as possible and press these into the hole Sycamore Oak Sycamore in the ground. If the opening can be filled right Whitebeam Rowan Walnut up so much the better. Without delay place the Sycamore bucket, inverted again, over the hole. Then, Walnut where the rim touches the ground, pack soil in order We of the Men of the Trees need the help of the to keep in all smoke and fumes. motorist in our work of planning and planting for The surface of the bucket will radiate heat for the future. During the Summer expeditions are a long while and not only will keep the interior of being arranged for motorists to beautiful gardens and the tent comfortable, but will also prove most woodlands in many parts of the country. Those useful for drying wet clothes, etc. APRIL, 1987 167 The MORRIS Owner BRITAIN'S RAREST WILD FLOWERS Interesting plants of the wayside and hedgerow - By ERIC HARDY, F.Z.S. E hear so much about rare birds, from appeals Carex depauperaia, was eradicated from its sole haunt for funds to save the last nesting places of in Surrey, where but a single plant remains, but botan- Wkite and Kentish plover to fortunes spent on ists would feel the loss immensely, and botanical eggs and skins of the extinct great auk, that the science would be much the poorer. Such a tragedy utterly wrong idea has arisen that none of our 3000 occurred recently when the only plants in Britain of wild plants is sufficiently rare to cause any national the mountain spiderwort or Snowdon lily (Lloydia interest. As a serail:a) were matter of fact uprooted from some of our their only haunt most interesting at Twell Dhu, or British plants the Devil's and wild flowers Kitchen, by a are in a more collector who, precarious posi- while at the tion than the rare conference there birds, and not in 1929 for turn- one-fiftieth of ing Snowdonia the money sub- into a national scribed for bird- park, took the protection is sub- opportunity to scribed to save steal the plants. the haunts of wild The outrage flowers, caused no nat- ional concern, A Lone Survivor but was a sen- The nation as sation in bot- a whole would anical circles, not be disturbed bringing forth if the last plant the condemna- in Britain of tion of many emi- The paqsue flower (Anemone p ulsatilla), which is now rarely found outside Berkshire the rare sedg e, and Gloucestershire. nent scientists. 4stakORI?...2 ( .16cts'WV- 4.0*ORA , crs' The MORRIS Owner 168 APRIL, 1987 Britain's Rarest Wild Flowers—contd. botanist, due no doubt to improved drainage condi- tions. Much the same could be said about our dimin- There are but two known British haunts of that ishing birds, so that it is -true the collector is not alone rare buttercup, the adder's-tongue spearwort responsible for the loss. The Wild Plant Conserva- (Ranunculus ophioglossifolins), and one of these, in tion Board of the Council for the Preservation of Rural England estimates that three hundred species of our flora are in danger ; no Nature lover can hope to wage a war against better farming which exterminates more "weeds," or building. Only on the West Lancashire dunes between Bootle and Southport, and one or two isolated parts of Anglesey, does the duneland orchid grow in Britain. The only British haunt of the pondweed (Hydrilla verticulata) is at Esthwaite Water, Lakeland, its next nearest known locality being East Prussia, though ../ j.- it may also be seen in the tanks of .7"."--5: the Freshwater Biological Association , /' laboraora ntdories at Wthreayctawstelneiy-Wt esete- B itish clovers, four are foundr in one r. . county only, and three of these clov- ers are confined to Cornwall (Trifolium molinerii, T. bocconi and T. strictum) while the fourth, the starry-headed clover, is believed now to be extinct. At St. Ouen's Pond, Jersey, and in a slack on the Lancashire dunes at Freshfield, grows the American the Cotswolds, is rush, probably its only two localities now fortunately in the British Isles. Specimens of preserved for all time by the good efforts of the Cots- wold Naturalists' Field Club. Britain's last remaining haunt of the wild coton- easter bush is on the Great Orme of North Wales, where but aboutbout half-a-dozen stunted plants remain of this common garden shrub. Their chief danger is the mountain sheep and the wild ' goats which nibble their foliage, but despite the fact that any (Top) Neattia spi freile--filummer's lady's nurseryman can supply cultivated tresses, to quot e its folk name—and rare sedge, Carex de- specimens of cotoneaster at a few p(cieunpt el erota i r rirc la represented by only shillings, there are people who will ;7.1iimerigiamnetteiong Britain. On the right is Hs, smother scarce plant persist in risking their necks found chiefly in s twist spots In southern climbing to the precarious posi- an dF.tust tinglian counties. tions where our last wild cotoneasters grow, for th the rare green-berried variety ol sake of boasting of a piece of thneo rorp rilarsise Cheltenham and in v si 1 DericsnireBerkshire are, it is Laws against the abuse of wild p lants or birds are believed, the only wild specimenssoe we useless, because policemen are not naturalists and do have. not know the rarities. The monkey-orchid and Summer's lady's tresses are The largest number of diminishi ng species of wild now known from but two botanical areas of Britain, plants is amongst the flowers of dar np and wet places, soldier orchid is known only in three and lady's slipper in the opinion of Professor F. E. V Veiss, the eminent orchid in four. The oyster-plant grows in but 4stakORA....2 ( .16 Wiz. ▪ ORA • 4irjrn Amu-, 1987 169 The MORRIS Owner Britain's Rarest Wild Flowers—contd. Kent, Gloucestershire and a few other southern counties. The Cornish bladderseed, a relative of the thirty-three of Britain's hundred and fifty-three botan- garden parsley and carrot, is found only in Devon, ical districts, the marsh andromeda's drooping purple Cornwall and one or two parts of South Wales. flowers grow in but thirty-five districts, the greater Ireland, though poorer in species than England, dodder in but thirty-seven. The sweet-scented sea- has many rare American and Arctic plants not found stock has few localities outside an inaccessible chalk- in England and which "migrated" to Western Ireland cliff face of the Isle of Wight and a place in Devonshire. via Greenland and Iceland in the Ice Age. Ireland's The downy woundwort is not believed to grow wild most beautiful wild flower, Pinguicula grandiflora, now outside Oxfordshire. The pasque flower, rarest with great purple flowers over three inches across, of our anemones, grows in few districts outside borne above the rosettes of yellow leaves, though Berkshire and Gloucestershire, though once it grew found also in the Alps, France and Spain, does by the Thames to London and was widely used to not grow wild in England, Scotland or Wales, stain Easter eggs, The lizard-orchid is confined to but in Ireland is plentiful in the southern bogs. REPEATING HISTORY Our present transport problems are new to us, but our predecessors knew them in different guise ISTORY always repeats itself. In this country (where we are rather Which makes the practical value independent sort of people) statute H of the history book ; in its labour never really functioned ; road pages we may trace the shape of things -- maintenance was sketchy to a degree to come. Apart from which a little _I- and, with the coming of wheeled traffic, delving into the past is often not ---;-‘) _ 1.-- the situation became really difficult 4ir unamusing. 1i.... p . .7 from the official point of view There Take the instance of the English - were signs of it by Elizabeth's time ; road. You might think the traffic • 4. after the Restoration coaches were problem a new thing, and the inno- "•-‘rf, /6li really beginning to come in, and a vations of the Ministry of Transport • . - - . 45k great outcry was started against the courageous experiments—which is no -=•-• " foundrous highway." doubt precisely what it is fervently - Government after government was hoped that you will think. And yet embarrassed. It was altogether too none of it is novel, basically. bad ; this wretched traffic was always The road began before the Romans came. Theil in trouble on the roads and people were constantly engineers remodelled it, drastically and with vision complaining. It was beyond the wit of Parliament because that was the need of their day—as it h to devise means for bettering the roads ; therefore of ours. It was one of the critical moments ; anothei the only alternative was taken, which was to restrict has come in our own time, and whether we shal traffic. Act after Act was passed ; there were deal with it with Roman clarity and forthrightnes: regulations about the weight of vehicles, and the remains to be seen. With the withdrawal of th< sizes of wheels of vehicles, and the number of Legions the roads lapsed very largely into disus< horses that might draw vehicles, and so on. and wholly into decay ; their upkeep was not All very complicated, most irksome, expensive and matter of much concern until the Middle Ages, anC ineffective—indeed, most modern. And the end of until the Reformation the problem was hardly seriou: it was, as you know, that officialdom gave up the because the necessary work (including bridge-building' whole thing in disgust and allowed mere commercial was being done by the Church. people (who had formed themselves into the Turnpike Trusts) to get on with it. Which they did, giving Statute Labour us the road system that we know and use. After that came to an end, however, other means had to be found, and there was an attempt to An Old Scheme enforce the very ancient system of statute labour, Things are, and things have been, and will be. under which every parishioner had to put in so The wheel turns, and every so often the same spot many days' work yearly on the highways of his on the rim comes up. The game of restriction is Parish. (That great idea, by the way, has lately an old, old dodge ; it is being tried again now (with been resurrected and put into action by the alleged much show of scientific expertness), but history very modem government of Russia.) points the end of that policy. F. JONES. roRi? cis, ORA crs' The MORRIS Owner 170 APRIL, 1987 PLACES AND THEIR NAMES Where localities are concerned there is much to be learned by enquiry as to " What's in a name?" By . . Charles G. Harper T WOULD go a long distan I a place with a curious n . • ..JVILILAILLIW 1 Mill i t to be not worth the time and trouble, but often I am well rewarded. Place-names are alluring. I got great joy visiting Ryme Intrinsica, near Yeovil, 'raider, who greatly troubled these coasts ; and in particular it will be found that in the Winter of A.D. and much pleasure in getting to We,stley Waterless, 882 he laid up his piratical craft here, in the muddy in Cambridgeshire, finding it to be really " Westley creek of the River Axe. Now, most of the estuaries Waterleas "—a place exceptionally well-watered in on either side of the Bristol Channel are " pills " ; an otherwise arid region of chalk downs. the word probably coming from the British " pw11," 4.0 crs' APRIL, 1937 173 The MORRIS Owner Places and their Names—coned. " Quy," resolved into its primary eler "cu-eye," that is to say "Cow Island." Some names, like that of Newton Popp Devonshire, carry their origin fairly easily to be seen, in their local peculiarities, even though many of their circum- stances be changed. It must be many centuries since Newton was new, but it is probably only a hundred years since the bridge which now crosses the River Otter replaced the ford that gives the name " Poppleford." And what, then, does that mean ? For answer, ;the " monies " are still there to be seen, lying in the water, or on the beachy margins of the river. They are, to speak in the intonation of London, rather than in the quaint Doric of Devonshire, the pebbles that the all told, a few farmhouses and a little Norman church. river has washed out of the soil. These grow steadily The place, in fact, although the main Exeter road larger as the stream flows towards the sea, and by runs past it, is probably but little changed since the time Budleigh Salterton is reached they have the Wessex Saxons first named it. It was then, and attained the size of breakfast-plates. The beach still remains, a wooded plain, with coppices. Netley, there is almost wholly composed of these huge flat near Southampton, is of the same origin. " Scures " poppies." is the old form of " shaws." Local dialects have in many cases wholly clipped or otherwise changed the Gloomy Nomenclature pronunciation of place-names, until they utterly An odd junction of roads near Shepton Mallet, fail to resemble their original form. Thus, in "Sapser" the Hertfordshire village of Sawbridgeworth would on the old coach-road to Evercreech, is called °RI? " Cannard's Grave," and a huge old coaching inn, scarcely be recognised. Yet this was the debased 44" nowadays very much down on its luck, bears the form to which it had descended during the last gener- name on its swinging sign. The country people ac- ation of rustic illiterates. Now, however, that every- count for the name by a story of one Giles Cannard, one can read books and newspapers in general and landlord of the inn, who committed suicide by hanging local signposts in particular, it is seen, even by the himself at the cross-roads. This is an obvious Hertfordshire rustics, that the component letters of invention, but a more specious tale, which pretends Sawbridgeworth spell something other than" Sapser," to be somewhat scholarly, has it that this is properly and thus the ancient Saxon " Sebright " (Searbright) Kineherd's Grove," i.e. the "Cowherd's Wood." whose " worth " or enclosed land this was, and who thus was the godfather, so to speak, of this place, nerges again. Also, in this same spread of n, we perceive that " Ciceter," which was good enough for Shakespeare and the olden people of Gloucestershire, no longer suffices the good folk of Cirencester, who now pronounce the name of their town as they spell it. Another Islington In passing, mention may be made of an Islipgton which some hold to be the original home of the Bailiff's Daughter of Islington, that charming old-world ballad. This is not our London purlieu, • ''4.• .1,14;,r,,. ":„.-:: • - , ..... but a tiny parish on the King's Lynn •fr.,--":4;%71."r4-41-2•EAr71- and Wisbech road. It is a place difficult enough to find, for it is but a church, a Not far from Burnham Beeches one may find Egypt. park and hall, and two cottages beside a The truth is that here ran the ditch (" grave ") or pond. It was the home, so philologists say, of a boundary of land belonging to Conrad, brother of tribe of " Ilsings." the Saxon King Ma. There is not only Ugley, in Essex (which properly Nateley Scures is the name of a parish near Basing- is " Oakley "), but also Nasty, a Hertfordshire ham- stoke. The buildings in the parish seem to comprise, let which by rights is "Nast Hyde" ; and in Suffolk, (OE)? ORA crs• The MORRIS Owner 174 APRIL, 1987 Places: and their Names—contd. on the other side of the water—the River Rhee. _ Many place-names have origins almost unbelievably trivial. Midghain, for instance, in Berkshire, was actually so called from the midges that infested the water-meadows of the River Rennet which flows by that village. The present writer can testify to the excellently descriptive character of that name, even now. On the other hand, names become remarkably changed, first in local slurring speech, and then in the spelling derived from it. Thus, Old Weston, near St. Neots, is properly " Wold Weston" or " Weston-in-the-Wold." Its neigh- bour, Hail Weston, has a joyous sound of welcome which does not mean precisely what it seems to be. It comes from the Norse " heill " ; that is to say, in Middle English, "hale," meaning a sound, whole, or healthy condition. Two dis- tinct old medicinal springs in the parish give the key to this name, which is thus "Healthy Weston." The late Professor Skeet, an authority on place-names, with whose conclusions it is not, as a rule, well to disagree, gives, however, a derivation for the name of Hocherill, by laishop's Stortford, which does really seem too fantastic. He says it is "Hookers' hill," from " hooker" ; one who abstracted small things by the help of a hook : hence a petty thief. Trees and Tautology At the meeting place of four parishes, and between Elmswell and Very many places take their names from species of trees, Wyvcrstone, Suffolk, is Nowhere. or actual individual trees ; but it would be injudicious to assume that because a place is called " Ashford " it refers to between Elmswell and Wyversione, is " Nowhere," which is ash trees. It is "Aesc-ford," water-ford. A reverse process nothing more than a house situated at the junction of four is however to be applied to the very many Salfords through- parishes, and uncertain to which it belongs—if to any of out the country. They are not "Salt-fords," as might well them 1 But we well may be assured that the rates-collector be supposed, but the fords by the sallows, i.e. the willow can put the people there wise about the matter. Just north trees. Sometimes the willow was referred to by that name. of Burnham Beeches there is a group of cottages forming It is found hidden away in the name of Welwyn, which was the hamlet called, and marked on maps, "Egypt." Why, " Welyum " originally ; namely " At the Willows." Very you ask ? That is an easy one. The place took its name many place-names are tautological, being made up of differ- OBI? from the " Egyptians " of old making a practice of camping ent languages and each syllable meaning the same thing. there. Not the very ancient, biblical Egyptians, but the " Breedon-on-the-Hill " is composed of three separate words, gypsies, who very generally were called "Egyptians" by our " Brea" " dun " and "hill," each in fact meaning "hill." forbears, until a hundred years or so ago. Bartlow, near Cambridge, a place remarkable for a very The people of Coalville, in Leicestershire, for long years large and spectacular tumulus, is named from them "Beorh," have come to think the name not good enough, and wish to a hill, and " hlaw," a mound or "low." The curious sounds have it changed ; but it may be remarked that the good folk of Gloucestershire Cinderford seem yet to be moder- ately content with the equally unlovely name. Bugsworth, by Stockport, too, is a-weary of its name, and would like it to be changed to " Lyonsdale." On the other hand, there are names which have been, in practice, found too lengthy for common use, and have been cut ; Woolfardis- worthy is one, in North Devon. It is locally " Oosery." Bo'ness was originally" Borrowstoneness," but life is not long enough for that ; nor is it sufficiently lengthy for Wyrardisbury, which is now " Wraysbury." Haphazard Methods The old county historians were not scientific in the derivations they gave of place-names. Horsfield, for ex- ample, in seeking a meaning for the name of Udimore, near Rye, finds that it was "Eau - de -Men" This is merely an infantile, jingling sort of explanation, which sufficiently condemns itself ; and it is thus difficult to realise that anyone could seriously put it forward. "The sea formerly Uphill, at the mouth of the Itiver Axe, near Weston-super-Mare. flowed on one side of it," says Horsfield. True, but, uncertain though the real meaning of Udimore may be, it was of many place-names have not escaped the notice of small certainly not that. In Domesday it is " Dodimere " and later witlings and would-be funny folk. They have not failed to it was spelled " Oddimere." The first part of the name note that in the Isle of Wight there is a Dunnose you cannot compares with Odiham, a village far inland, in Hampshire. blow ; Brading which it is not possible to sew, and chines that Local legends, always unreliable on the subject of place- cannot be cooked ; a Ryde that no man can take, and Cowes names, tell the story of this name in an ancient wish of the that give no milk. parishioners to build a church on a site they greatly favoured. The foundations were laid and the walls began BETTER LIGHTING MEANS BETTER TREES to rise, but the stones were removed at night by an unseen GHTING the roads more brilliantly by night will enhance hand (that "Hidden Hand" again), while a thunderous voice their appearance by day apparently, for it has been was heard in the air, "O'er the mere." It was.in vain, the 1, discovered that roadside trees and bushes growing people thought, to contend with manifestations so alarming under or near powerful lights have more luxuriant foliage and as these, and the site of the church was accordingly changed leaves remain green and healthy for a considerably longer as the voice had directed, "O'er the mere," that is to say period than in shady and roads. .16Wv- z. APRIL, 1987 177 The MORRIS Owner TALKING SHOP_ C OUNTERFOIL NOTES, NEWS AND NOTIONS FROM THE INDUS'FRY A Useful Bus and nineteen guineas, complete the Plugs are, they point out, graded by line. their heat range characteristics, and N this page I illustrate this The new set has automatic volume their suitabilitjr for hot or cold run- month a new general purpose control, built-in filters and shielding ning engines is accordingly known. O vehicle recently marketed by which makes plug suppressors un- A design of plug which passes heat Stewart & Ardern Ltd., main London necessary on most cars. It can be rapidly is a cold plug, and will function Distributors for Morris cars, based installed in any car and has a round well in hot, high-compression, fast upon the well-known 8-so cwt. Morris control unit, designed for mounting revving units, while if it is inclined to chassis. Designed primarily for estate in the instrument panel or on the retain its heat it is better suited for work, this handy utility car possesses steering column. The dial is illumin- use in "cold" or low compression, several very useful characteristics, ated and has a red light to show when slow running motors. not the least important of which is the instrument switch is turned on. the generous openings available for The sets are sold by Phileo wireless Up-to-date Oil Service loading and unloading. There is an dealers and Delco-equipped service extra door on the off-side, and a tail- stations. TT is now possible, I notice, to get board of the drop-down type as well Jj your oil as quickly and cleanly as as, of course, the doors to the driving Good Advice you get your petrol—through a and near-side seats. hose line. The Castro). people, I The side windows are fitted in it HAVE recently received from the understand, are responsible for this curtains which rise and stow away into Jj Champion people a timely little newest service idea, which, of course, the roof and there is a similar arrange- homily under the heading of gets through in a few seconds an ment over the tail-board. Six bucket Champion Service Information. In it operation that used to be appreciably longer by the old hand measuring process necessitating the use of a can. The pump is similar to the conven- tional mechanical petrol tower, and the quantity of lubricant served is automatically registered on the dial of a meter approved by the Board of Trade. ll3o Fighting the 'Flu ro401'p it AM told that it is estimated that I. the "common cold" costs the ois‘ nation twenty million pounds per year. In this connection it is interest- ing to hear that a brochure has been written by Mr. Wilfred Hill, the principal of the County Chemical Co. Rear and side aspects of the S. & A. utility car, built on an 8-10 cwt. Morris chassis. It costs £205 cx Works and is marketed by Stewart & Ardern Ltd., of The Vale. Acton, London, W.3. seats are supplied (five are easily removable) and the exterior looks very smart finished in stained and grained ash, walnut or oak. NEW car radio model to sell at the new low price of fourteen A. guineas was announced recently by Philco Radio & Television Corpora- !ion of Great Britain Ltd., Perivale. this is the latest of a successful series of car wireless sets to be marketed they stress the importance of always Ltd., on the subject of the prevention of influenza, colds, etc. It is entitled by Philco, the world's largest manu- abiding by the maker's recommenda- Years. bon chart when buying new plugs to Cold Free for Fourteen facturers of radio sets. Other de luxe Not desirous of making money models, selling at seventeen guineas ensure that the correct type is selected. (bR.4 442,h2p 'Is aCk; The MORRIS Owner 78 APRIL, 1937 Talking Shop—contd. colour schemes and standard uphol- ing the correct relationship between stery is now only a matter of very the two. It will be appreciated at from the sale of his brochure, the small extra cost, but, naturally. once how this avoids that hunched author offers it at cost price, 3d. per customers' special requirements entail position leaning over the wheel, which copy, to manufacturers for distribution more or lass delay in delivery. can be very fatiguing. amongst their employees. Mr. Hill says : "Three years ago I circulated my brochure amongst the Easy Spring Lubrication Speed Records of 1936 office staffs, asking for their careful ir SUPPOSE all of you to-day lubri- riNHE year 1936 saw the establish- study of it and offering a prize of a Jj your springs with a penetrating JL of many speed records on guinea to anyone who was free from oil of some description—that is, land and in the air. colds or influenza during the current those of you who do the work your- A new book has just been issued year. Our absentees fell in the selves. I am afraid that in many called 1936 Achievements in which following percentages :— instances this essential item of main- these are well portrayed and described. 1932 ... •-• 48% tenance is overlooked—a circumstance To all motorists this comprehensive 1933 • • • ••• 5 2 % which. accounts for a great deal of little book will make a strong appeal, 1934 ••• ••• 77%." lumpy springing. since it forms an interesting souvenir am glad to know, therefore, that of a really record year of speed. An Oil of the Chemico people have introduced Copies can be obtained free and Many Uses an entirely new spray gun for the post free on application to C. C. RICE'S, makers of the famous especial purpose of spring lubrication. Wakefield & Co. Ltd., Wakefield Motorine Oils, have introduced It fits on to the j pint and i pint tins House, Cheapside, E.C.2. p a new 'oil for the home and of Chemico Penetrating Lubricant, garage that has an infinite number of therefore there is no need to soil your A New Way of Car Washing uses. It is sold under the name of hands transferring the oil from one HEN washing a car, one of the "Hand-i-Oil." vessel to another. It costs a modest 3s., difficulties of the owner-driver "Hand-i-Oil" Light is for the or with a pint tin of lubricant 4s. 3d. Wis to avoid getting his clothes lubrication of locks, hinges, sewing The new gun is much longer than splashed when using the ordinary hose machines, gramophones, etc., and the old one, and has a slender nozzle, or when wringing out the usual sponge other similar purposes about the house. brass-capped, eminently suited to or swab. A new device solves these It will also clean and produce an getting past the layer of mud and problems. Named the Ajap-Auto- excellent polish on floors, furniture, grit which so often surrounds present- wash Glove, it consists of a rubber enamel, metalware and tiles and will day springs. glove fixed to a rubber sponge on the also prevent rust. end of a small-diameter rubber hose "Hand-i-Oil" Heavy is intended for Driving in Misty Weather constantly supplying water under use on light machinery, electrical control. This rubber hose is a yard equipment on cars where lubrication HEN mist obscures the wind- long and couples to the end of the is by oil, for garden mowers and other screen, as is frequently the case 44Itp NV ordinary garage hose. The price is •401'o outdoor purposes. It will be found in cool and moist weather, ros. 6d. from garages or S. Dennis s particularly useful in the garage and most drivers instinctively lean for- cr ' Browne. 12 ek 13 Fulwood Place, High crs‘ workshop. ward to peer through the glass in the Holborn, W.C. Both grades are sold in convenient effort to get a better view of kerb or spout-fitted 6d. tins, containing other landmarks. These contortions, approximately 3i oz. I know by experience, can be quite HOMSON & BROWN BROS. uncomfortable, and I am sure most TLTD. inform us that the Telephone M.G. Colour Finishes motorists would welcome any con- number of the Carlisle Branch trivance to alleviate the drawbacks has been altered to Carlisle 1640 (2 s) Y my friends at Abingdon I am attendant upon the nuisance. lines). it advised that substantial reduc- This is where the Bluemel Tele- - tions have recently been effected scopic Steering Wheel scores, because TRERR is to be a dual carriageway in the prices of M.G. cars with special one is able to adjust this wheel built on part of the Oxford to Henley finishes. Deviations from catalogue as well as the seat, thus maintain- road at Bin Hill. FOLKES'rONE'S NEW HIRE SERVICE. Messrs. Maltby's, of Folkestone, have recently supplied this fine fleet of Morris Fourteen saloons to United Services for private hire work. They are scheduled to operate at a fiat rate after the first mile of twopence per quarter-mile with a minimum fare of eightpence. (O40,2h2pR)? crs' tAgt cLavcrs - APRIL, 1937 181 The MORRIS Owner - _ , OTHER OWNERS lit -4 8t - npiwoNs „ A Kh ir:`) =R. E are at all times glad to receive letters from readers for publication, no matter what aspect of motoring may be Wdiscussed. Naturally, we do not necessarily hold ourselves responsible for, or in agreement with, the views expressed, but a frank interchange of opinions must be beneficial to all interested in the Morris Fellowship. We ivould ask correspondents to snake their letters reasonably brief. The C.T.C.'s Action engineers. Everyone who crosses it is proud of the fact, and you never see anything but powerful big cars there. May I assure your correspondent, Mr. John R. Bingham, When we were paying our fees for the use of that par- that the Cyclists' Touring Club does use all its resources ticular road a series of big cars passed us. The occupants to develop the highest standard of roadrnanship among laughed when they saw us and predicted kindly enough all who ride cycles. That has been part of the Club's policy that we would never make it. throughout its fifty-eight years of existence and, as you After five minutes we overtook the first car, after fifteen are no doubt aware, we have recently spent much time the second and within the hour, and long before reaching and money in the publication and distribution of a special the top, we passed them all, whilst one car broke down leaflet entitled "Cyclists, Take Care." Through the co- completely. operation of the trade, of educational committees and various The speed I usually averaged was from K.ig per hour. social organisations we have been able to distribute five Of course in the mountains we had often to make use of million copies up to the present time. second gear, but the first never has been necessary ! It is, as we point out in the editorial columns of the current After crossing I had not added any water to the radiator issue of The C.T.C. Gaulle, our opinion that there are too and I had only lost about zi litres. many careless, thoughtless or reckless persons in each section I am sorry to be under the necessity of selling my car,_as of the road-using community, and that the roads will never I am obliged to. go back to Java again. be safe until those people can be cured or curbed. We If possible I intend to buy another in Java. believe that we have done far more than any other organ- isation of road users to "put our house in order," and we Amersfoort, Holland. J. J. BARKER. should like to see similar activity elsewhere, especially in view of the fact that a reckless i'vet., • ....7 .. — - ' ' 1,/..,,f, -,.... ,it 4 ,r1t.fr . '„, , 0 „t. I &,,1 .-2' '.-- • cyclist is usually endangering himself alone. whereas a dangerous driver is imperilling the 77 „..., lives of other persons whose conduct may be ,.1.___. ._.,...3. ...., __a. • ., _ ,,...... ,. , exemplary. _...., , London, W.2. G. HERBERT STANGER, - - Secretary, Cyclists' Touring Club. a- - Praise from Holland WE set out on the 24th August, 1936, on a 4 I tour of Holland, Belgium, France, Italy, ---"'-. Austria, Germany and back to Holland again. My friends ridiculed the idea and . warned me not to start with so small a car as a Morris Eight but I persisted. -.., The running expenses were of course very low indeed and repairs, nil, appears rather 11111 satisfying I think. The only trouble I had I was a clogged entrance of the carburetter caused by the enormous amount of insects '0"11 41, in France. Even the worst petrol they sell 411001! in France did not interfere with the per- formance of our engine. ke403...... Z7 I shall never forget the day we crossed the Grossglochener Hochalpenstrasse in Austria. As you know, this road was made under THE OBJECT LESSON to the reign of Dr. Dollfuss, occupied four years Sister (as wedding car passes): "There, El:b.—look what's happened and cost thirty-five lives of road workers and the man who was hanging on behind! (OE)? oftli .;10te, 4, The MORRIS Owner 182 APRIL, 1987 Other Owners' OPinions--contd. Rickmanswortb and 'Watford. In the days of the Highway Trusts this road was known as the Reading and Hatfield To the Rescue turnpike road. It passes through some delightful Thames Valley and Chiltern upland scenery and charming old towns You may be interested in the two enclosed pictures—one and villages. It would make an attractive run for of a novel way of navigating floods and an example of what may happen if precautions are not taken. Londoners. Confirmation of this can be found in Mr. Alderman's book I send them merely because it was my Morris Eight, seen in both photographs, which had to tow the lorry out A Pilgrimage in Herlforelshire. of the flooded road. This was accomplished only by keeping Picturesque old buildings still known as Judges' Lodgings my exhaust clear of the water in the method shown. are to be found in some towns, notably at East Grinstead, Sidcup, Kent. on the Eastbourne road, and at Dorchester, Dorset. At the JOHN TOPHAM. latter the notorious Judge Jeffreys stayed when on circuit at the time of James II. The house, in High West Street, From a Grateful Quartet is now a well-known cafd. I FEEL I must write and congratulate you on the fine Chackrnore, Mr. Buckingham. ALAN B. ANDERSON. workmanship and splendid material used in my Morris Eight ; it is responsible for four of us Still being alive. A Real Enthusiast We were coming back from London on a recent Sunday IN- the last three years this January I have owned and when outside Stratford on an "S" bend I had a bad skid, run twenty-one cars, mostly Morris, and not one costing and the car turned at least four complete somersaults ; more than ;Cm and with one or two exceptions all under we were unable to get out of the doors owing to their being LS- jammed tight, but crawled out through a window. I bought a 1924 "Bullnose" Cowley for 50s. and drove Upon righting the car it was found to be covered in it mercilessly, including a zoo-mile drive overnight from dents, but not a window was broken ; in fact all worked ; Stamford to Hornsea. The engine never stopped once, even the engine ran with a few knocks, and all of us were O.K. except for a few bruises. We simply forced a door open and rode it home. - • So once again I thank you and the workers who made my car, and if I am , ever able to buy a bigger car I promise you • it will be a Morris for good. J. WHEATLEY AND THREE FRIENDS. Birmingham. • Assize Roads I WAS interested in the recent article on Assize Roads and Their Stories because ,• - and delivered a good 30 m.p.g. She .- arrived safely on three tyres and a rim, ...' having rubbed off a back tyre thirty miles from home. Noire, , About a month later we had an argument ___....' . .] with a telegraph pole, which the latter won, leaving us minus the radiator. ----•• As the weather was cold I decided to , try running her air cooled, so knocked off -".- - ,-, the water jacketing, and continued thus for a week. Iliii; Later I bought a 1927 Cowley two-seater for Lz and put in a 1924 Oxford engine instead of its own 12 h.p. unit. As a J• • precaution I stripped the rejected engine of its connecting rods, etc., as spares. Mr. John Tophant's Morris Eight tourer, showing his Next day I started on a 300-mile drive from Thanet to Rood-defying exhaust pipe. The other cicture shows the lotry he pulled out as stated In his letter. • South Devon. The car was loaded with about 3i cwt. of luggage, and towing an rz ft. boat on a trailer, making about there is a very interesting example in this county—Buck- 4 cwt. inghamshire. It connects the London–Bath Road with the All went well until about ten miles from Salisbury, when, Great North Road, entirely avoiding' London. The mile- during an exultant and very unlawful burst of speed, an awful stones throughout give reckonings between Hatfield and noise of breaking connecting rods caused me to declutch Reading and the course of the road is very sinuous. It and switch off. passes through Henley, Marlow, Wycombe, Amersham, I crept under the car and lowered the sump. The big-end 0E11 crs' APRIL, 1937 185 The MORRIS Owner Other Owners' Opinions—contd. bad come adrift and the connecting rod was badly damaged. The oil pump was broken off at the bracket and the filler stem was bent. I unbolted the remains of the oil pump and dispatched a boy on a bicycle to the nearest garage, which, he said, was five miles away. I unscrewed the remains of the filler and substituted a plug of rag. I then withdrew the broken connecting rod and piston and sat down to think things out. The connecting rod was Oxford and duralumin, and among my spares I found a Cowley iron one. As the Oxford gudgeon pin was straight typo and the Cowley centre grooved, the Oxford gudgeon pin would not fit the Cowley little-end, so I put the Cowley gudgeon pin in the Oxford piston, where it was too short and only just bridged the gap, although the diameter of the pin was similar. I then replaced the piston and bolted up the big-end without bothering to fit it and commenced to clean out the One of Mr. Michael L. Giles' old Cowleys--the one he sump. After removing a large quantity of sludge, bearing caned "Mothballs." See his letter on this page. white metal, and brass of the shattered shoe, bits of oil pump, etc. I replaced the oil pump that had been returned variations of mixture control.) Method of use is welded up by the messenger. merely to slip the wedge over the rod in the On with the sump and away to go, as they say appropriate hole according to the strength of in this part of the world. How glad I was of my mixture required. spare gallon of oil 1 The car brought me safely Slough. CHARLES A. FISH. home. I sold my faithful Cowley, and I recently (Such a device should be used carefully ; prolonged running on a saw her still going well, despite her assorted rich mixture will cause rapid cylinder wear.—Eo.) connecting rods. I can produce positive proof that these yarns Some Road ! are neither polished nor invented, and enclose a photograph of the first example, narned "Moth- Wan reference to illustration on page rx8x of balls, and should be glad to send you the the February issue of The MORRIS Owner—" The receipt for payment of the oil pump repair and Icing's Highway at Bosham "—the enclosed photo- the actual connecting rod as taken out of the graph may be of interest to you, showing the other car, which I called "Hangover." de-restriction sign at high water. In conclusion I shall always run a Morris; they Kingston-on-Thames. (MRS.) H. EBBAGE. will take more rough handling than any other car • when they arrive on the cheap car market and 400 Miles a Day moreover they arc decidedly better value than Tr may seem absurd to you for me to write any other make. An enlarged sketch and waste your time by telling you what you Shaldon, Devon. MICHAEL L. GILES. of the a edge adapt- already know concerning the amazing performance ed by Mr. Charles A. Fish to secure of the Morris Eight ; nevertheless, after covering A Neat Idea the positions of the moo° odd miles for pleasure since I purchased mixture control on the car I feel impelled to write something about it. Ir occurs to me that other Morris Eight owners his Eight. may be interested in the enclosed gadget (made The tool kit remains unopened in the paper wrappings in which it left your Works. I drive the car hard, in fact as hard as ever it will go. I frequently go to Devonshire for the week- ends and, according to traffic, average between 36 and 4! m.p.h. for the whole journey. Recently I covered the forty-four miles from York to Scotch Corner in fifty-one minutes. I have more than once driven between 350 and 400 miles in a day without fatigue, including often very rough going in Yorkshire and on the West Coast of Scotland. The seating is more comfortable than many much more expensive cars, and people—even motoring people —are surprised when I tell them the car cost only L120. In short I might have written and saicl it was an amazing car and was much more of a big car than you claim in your brochure, but when one is as bucked with a car as I am ono has to talk or write about it. This year I am thinking of going to Istanbul and back in three weeks. My average m.p.g. of petrol since the car was bought is 37, and for od, including changing religiously every moo miles, I have registered a consumption of r000 m.p.g. Kensington, W.14. O. W. WINCH. Suggestions, Please As I am desirous of holidaying in Brittany this coming August, I shall be glad if any of your readers could let me have particulars of a holiday resort suitable for children, and catering for visitors—must have good first class accom- from a rubber window wedge) which I have found extremely sands and safe bathing. Particulars of . useful in preventing the mixture control knob from returning modation near the beach would also oblige. to zero too soon. (The three holes permit of three Glasgow, C.4. BRITTANY. The MORRIS Owner 186 APRIL, 197 Warming Up on Short Runs withdrawing the retaining screw from I AM the owner of a Series If CHANGE YOUR WHEELS the distributor housing and the control Ten-Four car, which is only ROUND plate stop screw, the distributor should IGHER cornering speeds be withdrawn from its mounting on Q used for short runs, and I ex- HI perience considerable difficulty in taken in conjunction with the end of the dynamo, the high-tension getting the engine warm. I should the general use of lower pres- leads taken out from the distributor welcome your recommendations on sure tyres sometimes tend to cover and the distributor cover re- the best course to adopt to get the produce uneven wear on the moved so that the rotating arm can engine warm under such conditions. near-side front cover, unless be observed. Place the distributor As it is your practice to cover' care be taken to counteract body in position so that the metal short runs only, we would suggest the tendency. It is recom- electrode of the rotating arm is facing A mended that a practice be directly towards the cylinder block, that the fan blades are removed, ORJ? made of periodically changing making quite sure that the driving r-40- (OR)?-42p2,h cis• APRIL, 1987 189 The MORRIS Owner Information Bureau—contd. Will you please give me an idea where Condensation—Tappet Adjust- to look for the body holding-down bolts, ment The next operation is to turn the as I shall wish to give these a general MY car distributor body in an anti-clockwise tighten up. is a 1932 model 15 li.p. direction until the points are just ,ix-cylinder fabric saloon, which REFERRING to one side of the Q IS giving every satisfaction, but opening, taking care to keep the con- there are two points about which I trols stationary whilst this adjustment body only you will find seven ilk. bolts beneath the running-board should like inforhiation. First of all is taking place. The distributor I notice that after starting the engine control plate pinching bolt should which hold the body valance to the flange of the chassis frame. There up in the garage there is quite a lot now be tightened and the distributor of water comes out of the exhaust cover replaced, and the retaining screw is another bolt just inside the rear luggage boot and behind the rear pipe. The engine seems to be in replaced in proper engagement with order, but a friend of mine has rather the distributor spindle groove. squab, and there is yet another bolt at the very back corner of the body, alarmed me by saying that probably Now replace the high-tension lead the cylinder head gasket is faulty and for No. 1 cylinder in the hole in the but this can only be got at by taking water thus leaks into the combustion distributor cover which corresponds off the felt lining at the rear of the luggage boot and removing the rear chambers. What do you think ? with the position of the distributor The next point is the proper method rotating arm. Place the remainder bumper cover board. There are, in addition, two countersunk screws, one of adjusting the tappets. I have of the leads in position in their sockets bought a set of feeler gauges and am in the distributor cover in a clockwise on either side of the bolt behind the rear seat squab. anxious to obtain silent running from direction in their firing order, viz. the engine. I. 5, 3, 6, 2, 4. Inside the body and round the edge The ignition timing is now complete beneath the carpets you will find one metal threaded screw just level with A Lirrix moisture coming from —but for final adjustment which it the exhaust pipe when the engine A is cold need not cause you any concern whatsoever, as it is simply due to condensation. This will occur until the engine has attained a good working temperature and explains why it is noticeable after you have started the engine from cold. The method of adjusting the tappets is quite simple. After removing the FOR valve tappet cover, turn the engine SAFETY'S until the cam operating the tappet to be set is in its free position, i.e. with SAKE the peak on the opposite side of the camshaft. This can be easily ascer- tained by observing that the corre- sponding valve in the cylinder paired ART of the fleet of 8-10 cwt. Morris S-7; it" vans and 15-cwt. Morris-Commercials ;NW p specially fitted up with broadcasting 40e radio and gramophone equipment In Mr. Gordon Stewart's Coronation Year Children's • Safety Crusade, recently completed by the L I ' L. • Cunard Motor and Carriage Co. Ltd. The upper, picture shows the interior of one of _ i■ II •, . the vehicles, r•_, _ • is our practice to make on the road ; . , ..- . some engines will take a little further .. _ advance with advantage, the best posi- tion is so that there is just a suspicion , of tinkle when accelerating violently. _ _ Any small adjustments can be quite simply accomplished by slacken- with it is in the fully " open "position. ing off the distributor control plate the front doorDr shut shut (or (or jamb), jamb), twotwo The valves are coupled in the follow- pinching bolt and rotating the distribu- more about a footfoot fartherfarther along,along, one 2 and it, 3 and tor body in the desired direction, just forward ofif thethe centrecentre doordoor pillar,pillar, ing order : i and 12, zo, 4 and 9, 5 and 8, 6 and 7. finally retightening the bolt. one at the centreAre doordoor pillarpillar andand one Using the two tappet spanners pro- just a little too the the frontfront ofof thethe heel-heel- vided in the tool kit, place these on Body Bolt Positions on the board. the tappet screw head and the lock- Series II Ten A similar numberumber are on the oppo- nut. Slacken off the latter by using Now that my Series II Morris site side of the:he body. body. AdditionallyAdditionally the two spanners in opposition to Ten-Four saloon has completed there are fifteenen bolts at the scuttle--scuttle-- each other so that no load is applied Q a year's highly satisfactory they can be got at by opening the to the tappet itself. Screw the tappet service, I propose to give the car a bonnet—whichh must must bebe givengiven atten- screw in the required direction until thorough. look-over. tion at intervals. onir,„ ORA crs' -- The MORRIS Owner 190 APRLL, 1937 Information Bureau—contd. if you put in half a pint of oil every one side, although, from the level 5000 miles, as indicated, matters will be visible at the oil filler orifice, it would the clearance between the head and in order. Replenishment at more appear that the spherical portion of the end of the valve stem is .004 in., frequent intervals will merely result the casing is just full to the correct by feeler gauge. When this position in the wastage of oil, and, as you have amount. has been obtained the locknut should found, the effect will be to increase be tightened, again using the two the level of oil in the rear axle casing. spanners opposed to each other, then At no time should the level of oil in Substituting Electric for Suc- check the valve clearance to make the latter be allowed to rise above the sure that movement has not taken level of the oil filler orifice. It is tion Type Screen Wiper place during the locking operation. true that there are sealing devices WOULD you please inform me It is of the utmost importance that at each end of the axle casing, but the correct method of replacing both spanners should be used when- if the oil is not kept down to the correct Q the suction type windscreen ever the locknut is being tightened or level these sealing devices will have wiper on my rep Morris Cowley loosened, otherwise there will be a to cope with excessive quantities, and car with a 52-volt electric windscreen risk of damage to the tappet locating a leakage from the rear axle into the wiper ? 7\ suction type wiper should be removed front the windscreen frame and the rubber tubing disconnected from the carburetter. The imall brass pipe fixed in the car- buretter intake should be removed and the hole suitably plugged to render it air-tight. This is essential to ensure that the mixture is not upset. The electric wiper should be fixed in position and a double lead should be fixed on the terminals by means of suitable twin ilex. This should be taken by-the most conveni- ent route to the cut-out and fuse box which is situated on the front of the This dignified town carriage hns been executed by Messrs. Orford & Sons Ltd. to special order. The chassis Is an 18 h.p. six-cylinder Morrie, and the scuttle dash on the near-side of the body is finished in yellow and black and upholstered In fine grain brown car. furniture hide, the roof being lined with light fawn cloth. The positive lead from the wind- -40‹,ORA screen wiper should be fitted to the 'A springs and plungers situated in the brake-drums ma.y then develop. An terminal marked "A" which will be -ctsisik*ORA , (