BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CHINESE LINGUISTICS WILLIAM S.-Y.WANG INTRODUCTION THIS IS THE FIRST LARGE-SCALE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CHINESE LINGUISTICS. IT IS INTENDED TO BE OF USE TO STUDENTS OF THE LANGUAGE WHO WISH EITHER TO CHECK THE REFERENCE OF A PARTICULAR ARTICLE OR TO GAIN A PERSPECTIVE INTO SOME SPECIAL TOPIC OF RESEARCH. THE FIELD OF CHINESE LINGUIS- TICS HAS BEEN UNDERGOING RAPID DEVELOPMENT IN RECENT YEARS. IT IS HOPED THAT THE PRESENT WORK WILL NURTURE THIS DEVELOP- MENT BY PROVIDING A SENSE OF THE SIZABLE SCHOLARSHIP IN THE FIELD» BOTH PAST AND PRESENT. IN SPITE OF REPEATED CHECKS AND COUNTERCHECKS, THE FOLLOWING PAGES ARE SURE TO CONTAIN NUMEROUS ERRORS OF FACT, SELECTION AND OMISSION. ALSO» DUE TO UNEVENNESS IN THE LONG PROCESS OF SELECTION, THE COVERAGE HERE IS NOT UNIFORM. THE REPRESENTATION OF CERTAIN TOPICS OR AUTHORS IS PERHAPS NOT PROPORTIONAL TO THE EXTENT OR IMPORTANCE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CHINESE LINGUISTICS ]g9 OF THE CORRESPONDING LITERATURE. THE COVERAGE CAN BE DIS- CERNED TO BE UNBALANCED IN TWO MAJOR WAYS. FIRST. THE EMPHASIS IS MORE ON-MODERN. SYNCHRONIC STUDIES. RATHER THAN ON THE WRITINGS OF EARLIER CENTURIES. THUS MANY IMPORTANT MONOGRAPHS OF THE QING PHILOLOGISTS. FOR EXAMPLE, HAVE NOT BEEN INCLUDED HERE. THOUGH THESE ARE CERTAINLY TRACE- ABLE FROM THE MODERN ENTRIES. SECOND, THE EMPHASIS IS HEAVILY ON THE SPOKEN LANGUAGE, ALTHOUGH THERE EXISTS AN ABUNDANT LITERATURE ON THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM. IN VIEW OF THESE SHORTCOMINGS, I HAD RESERVATIONS ABOUT PUBLISHING THE BIBLIOGRAPHY IN ITS PRESENT STATE. HOWEVER, IN THE LIGHT OF OUR EXPERIENCE SO FAR, IT IS CLEAR THAT A CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF TIME AND EFFORT IS STILL NEEDED TO PRODUCE A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY THAT IS AT ONCE PROPERLY BALANCED AMD COMPLETELY ACCURATE (AND, PERHAPS, WITH ANNOTATIONS ON THE IMPORTANT ENTRIES). TO WAIT FOR THE AVAILABILITY OF SUCH TIME AND EFFORT. HOW- EVER, AT LEAST FOR OUR GROUP, IS TO POSTPONE THE PUBLICA- TION OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHY TILL SOME INDEFINITE AND DISTANT FUTURE. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE PRESENT VERSION MIGHT SERVE A DUAL PURPOSE OF MEETING THE IMMEDIATE NEED AS WELL AS STIMULATING THE EARLIER PREPARATION OF A MORE ADEQUATE VERSION. IT IS IN THIS CONTEXT THAT WE WOULD APPRECIATE ANY ASSISTANCE VARIOUS SPECIALISTS CAN PROVIDE BY COMMU- NICATING TO US CORRECTIONS OR SUGGESTIONS. THEN OUR HOPE OF «PAO ZHUAN YIN YU« WILL NOT BE IN VAIN. THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY IS HISTORICALLY AN OUTGROWTH OF WORK DONE ON THE PROJECT ON -LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS AT THE 190 WILLIAM S.-Y. WANG OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY* WHICH WAS SUPPORTED IN PART BY THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION. EARLIER VERSIONS OF THE BIBLI- OGRAPHY HAVE APPEARED AS REPORTS OF THE PROJECT» I.E., POLA 2 AND POLA 5 (2273). THOSE REPORTS HAVE BEEN LESS IN- CLUSIVE IN SCOPE SINCE THEY WERE DELIBERATELY ORIENTED TO THE SYNCHRONIC DESCRIPTION OF NORTHERN MANDARIN. IN EX- PANDING POLA 5 INTO THE PRESENT BIBILOGRAPHY* WE HAVE MADE EXTENSIVE USE OF THE REPORTS OF SHAFER (1920) AND OF THE CHINESE LANGUAGE SOCIETY OF JAPAN (256) FOR REFERENCES ON THE HISTORICAL AND DIALECTOLOGICAL ASPECTS. IN ADDITION. WE HAVE ADDED ENTRIES FROM THE REFERENCE LISTS OF THE OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS OF THIS VOLUME. KINDLY PROVIDED US BY THE EDITOR. MR. SEBEOK. THE BULK OF THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY DIVIDES INTO TWO MAJOR PARTS. FIRST THERE IS THE COMPLETE LISTING OF THE ENTRIES THAT WAS ORDERED BY A COMPUTER AND PRESENTED IN THE FORM OF A COMPUTER PRINT-OUT. THE SECOND MAJOR PART CONSISTS OF THE PARTIAL LISTING OF THOSE ENTRIES WHICH INVOLVE CHINESE LOGOGRAPHS. THIS PART HAS BEEN HAND-WRITTEN. AND THE ENTRIES FOLLOW THE SAME ORDER AND NUMBERING AS THAT OF THE FIRST MAJOR PART. FOLLOWING THESE TWO PARTS. AN EXPERI- MENTAL TOPICAL INDEX IS PRESENTED IN WHICH THE NUMBERS OF SOME OF THE ENTRIES ARE GROUPED ACCORDING TO LANGUAGES. DIALECTS AND TOPICAL SUBHEADINGS. IN MAKING THESE ENTRIES WE HAVE TRIED TO BE CONSISTENT IN OUR TRANSLITERATION. HOWEVER* OWING TO THE UNAVAILABIL- ITY OF SOME SYMBOLS ON THE COMPUTER CARD PUNCH. MINOR ADJUSTMENTS HAD TO BE MADE. THE RUSSIAN ITEMS APPEAR IN BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CHINESE LINGUISTICS jgj. THE SYSTEM FOR TRANSLITERATING CYRILLIC ALPHABETS AS USED IN THE SLAVIC AND EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL EXCEPT THAT £ AND * ARE WRITTEN CH AND SH RESPECTIVELY. THE JAPANESE ITEMS ARE ROMANIZED ACCORDING TO THE HEPBURN SYSTEM, BUT LONG VOWELS ARE TRANSCRIBED AS DOUBLE VOWELS» NOT VOWELS WITH MACRONS. GERMAN UMLAUT IS INDICATED BY MEANS OF THE VOWEL E FOLLOWING THE VOWEL AFFECTED. THE CHINESE SITUATION IS, OF COURSE, COMPLEX. IN THOSE INSTANCES WHERE WE FEEL TRANS- LITERATION APPROPRIATE, WE HAVE USED THE OFFICIAL PIN YIN SYSTEM AS CAN BE FOUND, FOR INSTANCE, IN THE HAN YU CI DIAN (2837) EXCEPT THAT IN THOSE CASES WHERE THE PIN YIN SYSTEM REQUIRES AN UMLAUT, E.G., NU VS. NU, THE VOWEL IS PRECEDED BY A •Y• (NU = NYU). IN THOSE CASES WHERE THE ORIGINAL TITLE CONTAINED THE WADE-GILES, YALE OR GWOYEU ROMATZYH ROMANIZAT IONS, THE ORIGINAL SYSTEM WAS LEFT INTACT. IN ALL CASES, DIACRITICS, ACCENT AND TONE MARKS HAVE BEEN LEFT OUT IN ORDER TO FACILITATE THE PREPARATION OF THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY THE COMPUTER. THE PREPARATION OF THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY IS THE WORK OF MANY WORKERS THROUGH THE PAST SEVERAL YEARS. MANTARO HASHIMOTO HELPED WITH BOTH THE SELECTION AND TRANSLATION OF MOST OF THE JAPANESE ENTRIES. COMMUNICATIONS FROM KLAUS KADEN OF EAST ASIAN INSTITUTE OF BERLIN AND FROM RICHARD SEE OF THE U. S. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION WERE ALSO HELPFUL IN STRENGTHENING THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY. HSIAO- TUNG LU WROTE ALL THE LOGOGRAPHS AS WELL AS EDITED MANY ENTRIES. ANATOLE LYOVIN SHOULDERED THE MAIN RESPONSIBIL- ITY OF CONVERTING AN EARLIER VERSION OF THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY 192 WILLIAM S.-Y. WANG TO ITS PRESENT COMPUTERIZED FORM, WITH THE PROGRAMING ASSISTANCE OF T. KOAY. TERESA CHENG, ANNE YUE HASHIMOTO, LEROY MEYERS, CHAO-HUI TUNG, BARBARA SHIH YANG ALL CON- TRIBUTED TO THE TRANSLATION AND TRANSLITERATION OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHY. TO ALL THESE PEOPLE, AND TO MANY OTHER FRIENDS WHO HAVE IN ONE WAY OR ANOTHER IMPROVED THE USE- FULNESS OF THIS WORK, MY WARMEST THANKS. THE FINAL STAGE OF THE PREPARATION OF THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY WAS FACILITATED BY A FACULTY RESEARCH GRANT FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF CALI- FORNIA AND A GRANT FROM THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (GS-1430). THESE SOURCES OF SUPPORT ARE HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGED. IN SPITE OF SUCH EXCELLENT HELP, THE MANY SHORTCOMINGS WHICH REMAIN, DUE TO INADEQUATE TIME AND EXPERIENCE, ARE, OF COURSE, MY RESPONSIBILITY. 1 HOPE THAT A REVISION AND EXPANSION OF THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY WILL SOON BE UNDERTAKEN SO THAT THESE SHORTCOMINGS CAN BE REMOVED, AMD ANNOTA- TIONS AND ABSTRACTS CAN BE ADDED TO THE MORE SIGNIFICANT ENTRIES. THESE FUTURE EFFORTS SHOULD BE AIDED BY THE FACT THAT WE HAVE TO SOME EXTENT HARNESSED THE ELECTRONIC COM- PUTER TO THE MECHANICAL TASKS INVOLVED IN THE COMPILATION. IDEALLY, THE PREPARATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES OF SUCH COMPREHENSIVE NATURE SHOULD BE DONE UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF A COLLECTION OF EXPERTS, EACH OVERSEEING HIS PARTIC- ULAR AREA OF SPECIAL INTEREST. DUE TO VARIOUS LIMITATIONS. THIS HAS NOT BEEN POSSIBLE IN THE PRESENT CASE. I UNDER- STAND, HOWEVER, THAT SOME COUNTRIES ALREADY HAVE PERMANENT COMMITTEES WHICH ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR PREPARING BIBLI- OGRAPHIES OVER REGULAR PERIODS. THIS LEAD SHOULD CER- BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CHINESE LINGUISTICS 193 TAINLY BE FOLLOWED. PERHAPS A DAY WILL COME WHEN SUCH EFFORTS CAN BE POOLED INTO A WORLD-WIDE ENDEAVOR TO GIVE SOLIDARITY TO OUR FIELD AND STIMULATE ITS PROGRESS. WILLIAM S-Y. WANG JANUARY 1967 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY 194 WILLIAM S.-Y. WANG 1 ANONYMOUS« THE CHINESE LANGUAGE (XIN ZHI SHI CBS). NAAD JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL LEVEL. 2 ANONYMOUS, ENGLISH-CHINESE VOCABULARY OF THE SWADVC VERNACULAR OR SPOKEN LANGUAGE OF SWATOW (SWATOW 1883) 4 + 302. BASED ON THE MS OF R. LACHLER. 3 ANONYMOUS. ETYENG KYOU TYANG OUN. DICTIONARY BY RIMES CHAERH OF THE ROYAL LIBRARY. 1ST ED. AFTER 1787, NEW ED. 1851. 2 VOLS. ALSO WITH CORRECTIONS (YADONG 1887). 1 VOL. ANOTHER NEW ED. 1889. THE 4 TONES IN PARALLEL COLS. KOREAN. 4 ANONYMOUS, FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CHINESE LANGUAGE MAAD (PEKING REN MIN JIAO YU CBS 1959). 5 ANONYMOUS, GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF THE CHINESE MAADGR LANGUAGE 1 (PEKING 1955) 173. 15 ARTICLES ON WORD CLASSES REPRINTEO. 2 (PEKING 1956) REPRINTS OF 23 ARTICLES ON THE SAME SUBJECT. 6 ANONYMOUS, HOANG KONG-CHAO AND HIONG TCHONG KO KEUM CHAERH OUN HOI KE YO. DICTIONARY ARRANGED BY RIMES. PREFACE DATED 1292, 1297, 1332. 30 BOOKS. POSTFACE BY RI SIK, 17TH CENTURY, FOR THE KOREAN EDITION. THERE FOLLOWS 'OCEN HOI OK KPYEN• (VOCABULARY) IN TWO BOOKS WITH A LIST OF RIMES REFERRED BACK TO THE DICTIONARY AND WITH CHARACTERS ARRANGED BY RADICALS. 7 ANONYMOUS, JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEXTBOOK ON LANGUAGE MAADGR (ZHONG GUO QING NIAN CBS). 4 VOLS. 8 ANONYMOUS, LECTURES ON GRAMMAR (PEKING LINGUISTIC INST. OF ACAD. OF SCI. NOV 1953). 9 ANONYMOUS, MONGGHOL-UN MI'UCHA TOBCHI AN (SECRET HISTORY OF THE MONGOLS). TRANSCRIBED IN CHINESE CHARACTERS, WITH CHINESE INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION, EDITED IN 1240 AND TRANSLATED INTO CHINESE AFTER 1368 UNDER THE TITLE OF YUAN CHAO BI SHI. RUSSIAN ED. BY S.A. KOZIN (SOKROVENNOE SKAZANIE) (MOSCOW 1941). 10 ANONYMOUS, 'PARTS OF SPEECH IN THE CHINESE LANGUAGE", MAADPS VJA 3 (MOSCOW 1955). 11 ANONYMOUS, PHONETIC DICTIONARY OF FREQUENTLY USED CHADCC LOGOGRAPHS (SHANGHAI 1932). ALSO UNDER THE TITLE OF GUO YIN BIAO ZHUN HUI BI AN, 8TH PRINTING (TAIPEI 1957) . 12 ANONYMOUS, REFORM OF THE CHINESE WRITTEN LANGUAGE CHADWL (PEKING 1958). 13' ANONYMOUS, 'RESEARCH ON MACHINE TRANSLATION IN THE. CHADMT CHINESE PEOPLES' REPUBLIC', VJA (MOSCOW 1959). BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CHINESE LINGUISTICS 195 ENGLISH TRANS. IN JPRS IL31-0, 102-4. 14 ANONYMOUS, RESEARCHES INTO ORIGINAL INITIALS 11743). CHANIN NEW ED. (1830). CONTAINS 1,923 CHARACTERS CLASSED UNDER 96 MANCHU SYLLABLES.