1 Et Dypdykk I Tromsøs Musikkmiljø Med Fokus På Undergrunnen

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1 Et Dypdykk I Tromsøs Musikkmiljø Med Fokus På Undergrunnen Et dypdykk i Tromsøs musikkmiljø med fokus på undergrunnen. Trengs det en musikkbransje i byen. Av Geir I. Skinningsrud Mastergradsoppgave i musikkvitenskap Høgskolen i Nesna Våren 2011 1 FORORD Jeg vil begynne med å takke alle jeg har intervjuet i forbindelse med denne oppgaven. STOR TAKK OG TRAMPEKLAPP TIL: ALX og Runar Clausen fra SKADA VARA. Johannes aka. RAP-PORTER fra LYSLIGAEN. Erik TUSJ Forsgren fra PISTOL OG BART. Bror Olsen. Robert Dyrnes - BUKTA FESTIVALEN. FORSITE PlagueWielder fra TAAKEFERD. Carl Christian Lein Størmer fra TURDUS MUSICUS. Bård Mikalsen. Yngvar Nygaard. Jack -Espen Williamsen. ”Jørn” Takk for info og innsyn i det som rører seg i musikkmiljøet i TROMSØ! For hjelp og veiledning med oppgaven: Paal Fagerheim og Musikkavdelinga ved Høgskolen i Nesna For inspirasjon, støtte og at du holdt ut. Ida Emilie Johansen TAKK!! 2 FORORD .............................................................................................................. 2 INNLEDNING ..................................................................................................... 5 2 TROMSØ SOM MUSIKKBY ....................................................................... 8 2.1 BRYGGA – UNGDOMMENS HUS ....................................................................................... 12 2.2 PØNKKULTUREN MOT ML-BEVEGELSEN ......................................................................... 14 3 TEORI ........................................................................................................... 16 3.1 ETNOMUSIKOLOGI – TEORI OG METODE ........................................................................ 16 3.2 AUTENTISITET/EKTHET, LOKAL TILHØRIGHET OG BRUK AV DIALEKT ......................... 18 3.3 GLOBAL MUSIKK-KULTUR OG MUSIKKSJANGRE ............................................................ 21 3.4 DET GLOBALE OG DET LOKALE I NORDNORSK ROCK ..................................................... 24 3.5 DET GLOBALE OG DET LOKALE I VISESANG, PØNKROCK OG RAP .................................. 25 3.6 PIERRE BOURDIEUS TEORI OM ESTETISK SMAK OG PREFERANSER ............................... 29 4 PROBLEMSTILLINGER ........................................................................... 32 4.1 UTVIKLINGEN AV MUSIKKMILJØET I TROMSØ FRA SLUTTEN AV 1970-TALLET .......... 32 4.2 NORSK/DIALEKT ELLER ENGELSK TEKST? ..................................................................... 33 4.3 TROMSØ - EN MUSIKALSK PERIFERI? ............................................................................ 33 5 METODE ...................................................................................................... 34 5.1 OM INTERVJUET SOM METODE ....................................................................................... 34 5.2 GJENNOMFØRINGEN AV INTERVJUENE I TROMSØ ......................................................... 40 6 INTERVJUDATA OG ANALYSE ............................................................. 42 6.1 MUSIKKMILJØET I TROMSØ FRA SLUTTEN AV 1970-TALLET ........................................ 42 6.2 OPPSUMMERING OG ANALYSE ........................................................................................ 50 6.3 NORSK/DIALEKT ELLER ENGELSK TEKST? ..................................................................... 53 3 6.3.1 “JØRN OG PØNKBAND I TROMSØ” ................................................................................... 54 6.3.2 “LYSLIGAEN” ................................................................................................................ 55 6.3.3 “SKADA VARA” ............................................................................................................. 57 6.3.4 “PISTOL OG BART” ........................................................................................................ 59 6.3.5 “TAAKEFERD” ............................................................................................................... 60 6.3.6 “TURDUS MUSICUS” ...................................................................................................... 62 6.3.7 OPPSUMMERING OG ANALYSE........................................................................................ 62 6.4 TROMSØ - EN MUSIKALSK PERIFERI? ............................................................................. 65 6.4.1 RAPPERE OG HIPHOPMUSIKK I TROMSØ ......................................................................... 65 6.4.2 ANALYSE ....................................................................................................................... 83 6.4.3 ROCK I TROMSØ. HARDCORE OG BLACKMETAL ............................................................. 85 6.4.4 ANALYSE ....................................................................................................................... 98 6.4.5 MUSIKKMILJØET OG MANGLENDE INFRASTRUKTUR ....................................................... 99 6.4.6 ANALYSE ..................................................................................................................... 106 7 AVSLUTNING ........................................................................................... 106 LITTERATURLISTE ..................................................................................... 115 4 Innledning Jeg har valgt å skrive denne oppgaven for å prøve å belyse dagens musikkmiljø i Tromsø. Men jeg vil også betrakte byens musikkmiljø i tilbakeblikk. Brygga - Ungdommens hus, som ble opprettet i byen på begynnelsen av 80-tallet, var et sted for kreativ ungdom, som ble til etter hard kamp med det bestående i Tromsø, det vil si politikere, politi og andre maktorganer. Jeg flyttet fra Tromsø til Oslo som attenåring og fikk gjennom mine opplevelser på Blitz- huset en anelse om at Brygga må ha hatt samme funksjon som aktivitetshus for ungdom i Tromsø som Blitz hadde i Oslo. I Oslo deltok jeg i musikkmiljøet og spilte i band på huset i Pilestredet, og jeg fikk se og høre hva som rørte seg på huset av forskjellige ting, både sosialt og musikalsk. Det vakte min interesse for å finne ut hva som hadde skjedd i Tromsø på 80- tallet. Det er blitt skrevet en del om ungdomskulturen i Tromsø, men det kan virke som om ikke alt er sagt når det kommer til musikkmiljøet. Om musikkmiljøet i Tromsø fra begynnelsen av åttitallet og fram til i dag, er det skrevet svært lite. Bror Olsen har behandlet tecnobølgen, det å spille i band i Tromsø og hvordan musikkmiljøet i byen ser på seg selv i forhold til resten av de større byene i Norge. Forskerne som har skrevet om ungdoms- og musikkulturen i Tromsø har i liten grad fokusert på problemstillinger knyttet til det å utøve musikk på forskjellige måter, for eksempel valget mellom å skrive sangtekster på norsk eller engelsk, eller hvorfor mange etter hvert velger å synge på dialekt. Jeg har tenkt å skrive om dette, blant annet fordi jeg selv har vært vokalist i pønkband og har erfaring med å skrive tekster på norsk. Det er en av grunnene til at jeg vil undersøke hvordan musikere i ulike sjangere i dagens Tromsø tenker om fordelene og ulempene ved å bruke eget språk eller dialekt. Noen artister synes kanskje lokal dialekt blir for direkte og personlig og bruker engelsk for å glatte over dette. Spørsmål om fravær av og kampen for musikalsk infrastruktur som innspillingssteder, plateselskaper og andre institusjoner er heller ikke tematisert i tidligere forskning. Musikkmiljøet i Tromsø i dag består, etter det jeg har erfart gjennom undersøkelser på nettet og intervjuer, av mange forskjellige musikalske scener hvor ulike musikksjangere kommer til uttrykk gjennom band som driver med alt fra hiphop til Blackmetal. 5 Hovedtema i denne oppgaven er forholdet mellom musikk og identitet slik en del bandmedlemmer i Tromsø, som representerer ulike sjangere, tenker om dette. Identitet kan handle om klassetilhørighet, etnisitet, geografisk og politisk tilhørighet. Det kan også handle om personlig identitet. Musikk kan være politisk, den kan formidle politisk identitet, og være et redskap innenfor politiske bevegelser for å styrke fellesskapet og formidle viktige budskap. I ulike historiske faser kan musikken være mer eller mindre viklet inn i politiske kamper og motsetninger. Et undertema i dette arbeidet er forholdet til språket, og om norsk språk og dialekt fungerer bedre enn engelsk når man skal skrive og formidle låter. Hvorfor velger noen å bruke norsk, mens andre velger engelsk som uttrykksform, når de skal formidle identitet av forskjellig slag og gi hverdagsskildringer fra lokalmiljøet? I beskrivelsen av den historiske bakgrunnen for dagen musikkmiljø i Tromsø vil jeg trekke fram Brygga -Ungdommens hus, som jeg mener må ha vært et viktig møtested for utviklingen av lokale band i Tromsø; og av musikkmiljøet som helhet. Et par av mine informanter var aktive i musikk- og ungdomsmiljøet knyttet til Ungdommens hus på 80-tallet. De vil bidra til å utfylle kunnskapen om hva som skjedde. I disse intervjuene prøver jeg å få fram ny kunnskap om det kreative miljøet rundt Ungdommens hus, som på mange måter var likt Blitzhuset i Oslo og Uffa i Trondheim. Disse tre ungdomshusene oppstod omtrent samtidig. Jeg prøver også å finne ut hvordan rockemiljøet i Tromsø er i dag i forhold til miljøet i Oslo. Dessuten prøver jeg gjennom intervjuene å belyse hvilken betydning Ungdommens hus fikk for musikkmiljøet i byen, og hvorfor huset ble stengt. Nå tror du som skal lese dette kanskje at jeg ønsker å glorifisere byen jeg kommer fra, men det er ikke tilfelle. Jeg vil bare prøve å belyse de trender som har vært i Tromsø i løpet av
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