Burkina FAso Tamale Togo Ellembelle Coast Ivory Kumasi Accra Takoradi Integrated Coastal and Fisheries Governance Initiative Integrated Coastal Management Toolkit coastal resources center This publication is available electronically on the Coastal Resources Center’s website at http://www.crc.uri.edu. Acknowledgements For more information contact: Coastal Resources Center Friends of the Nation Hen Mpoano With funding from the United States Agency for International Development University of Rhode Island, http://www.fonghana.org http://www.henmpoano.org (USAID), the Coastal Resources Center of the Graduate School of Oceanography Narragansett Bay Campus [email protected] P.O. Box AX 296 at the University of Rhode Island have worked together with core partners 220 South Ferry Road P.O Box MC 11 Takoradi including Friends of the Nation, Worldfish and Sustainametrix to implement the Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882 Takoradi, Western Region, Western Region Integrated Coastal and Fisheries Governance (ICFG) Initiative, locally known as USA Ghana Ghana Hen Mpoano. We are pleased to compile a compendium of Integrated Coastal Brian Crawford, Director of Management (ICM) information and knowledge generated through this 4-year International Programs Initiative into a toolkit to inform district level planning and management of Email: [email protected] coastal and marine resources. Compilation of this material benefited from the Tel: 401-874-6224 contributions of a large number of colleagues and practitioners, including many Fax: 401-874-6920 members of the coastal communities of the Western Region of Ghana and beyond, who have assisted in information gathering, research and analysis. We sincerely acknowledge the contribution of the planning departments of Please cite this report as: the six coastal districts of the Western region in supporting the development Coastal Resources Center (2013). Ellembelle District Integrated Coastal Management Toolkit. Integrated of innovative processes that builds ICM into district planning processes and Coastal and Fisheries Governance Initiative (Hen Mpoano) Narragansett, RI: Coastal Resources Center at decision making procedures. We are also grateful to the following individuals the Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island 60 pp for providing technical insights and guidance during the production of this material: Dr. Christopher Cripps (Spatial Solutions), Dr. Donald Robadue Disclaimer: (Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island, USA), Stephen Kankam This publication is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United (Hen Mpoano), Pamela Rubinoff (Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode States Agency for International Development (USAID)/Ghana. The contents are the responsibility of Island, USA), Hillary Stevens (Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode the authors as part of the Integrated Coastal and Fisheries Governance (ICFG) Initiative and do not Island, USA) and Kofi Agbogah (Hen Mpoano). The graphic designs and layouts necessarily reflect the views of the United States Government. Associate Cooperative Agreement No. as well as GIS mapping have been done through the hard work of Justice 641-A-00-09-00036-00 for “Integrated Coastal and Fisheries Governance (ICFG) Program for the Western Camilus Mensah (Hen Mpoano) and Lucia Rybarova (Oil City Magazine). Region of Ghana,” Under the Leader with Associates Award No. EPP-A-00-04-00014-00. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the fruitful collaboration developed Cover photo: Turtle, Ellembelle District with key officials and institutions, without which this toolkit will not have Photo credit: Lucia Rybarova been possible. At the regional level the partnership developed with the Members, Chief Executives, Directors and Officers of the District Assemblies, Regional Coordinating Council, traditional authorities and private companies is appreciated. At the national level, our collaboration with the National Development Planning Commission, Fisheries Commission, Town and Country Planning Department, Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation is acknowledged. It is our hope that this toolkit and the legacy of the Hen Mpoano Initiative will inspire further work in coastal and marine management in Ghana. 2 Ellembelle ICM Toolkit 2013 Ellembelle ICM Toolkit 2013 3 Statement from Honourable Daniel K. Eshun, District Chief Executive of the Ellembelle District Assembly The District Assembly has been working with the Coastal Resources Center on the Hen Mpoano Initiative since the beginning in 2009 and has come to cherish the collaborative programmes developed to strengthen coastal planning and management in the district. This toolkit, which is one of the many legacies of the Hen Mpoano Initiative has come at a time when innovative and creative tools are needed to address the new challenges that confront coastal communities and ecosystems in our district and the Western Region as a whole. I commend the Coastal Resources Center and partners for their leadership role in the production of this material. The toolkit expands our knowledge on coastal ecosystems and their functions and provides us with practical guidance that complements other efforts being carried out by the government to counter and avoid all the potentially destructive and harmful challenges faced by the coast. It shows how the coast may become a place of pride, harmony and abundance, based on the rich resources that have been enjoyed by its people for centuries past, while welcoming the incredible technologies of the 21st century which are now well among us. It is our believe that planning and development decision making in the coast will be significantly enhanced through the application of the information in the toolkit. I hereby recommend this toolkit for all stakeholders whose activities impact the coastal zone in one way or the other. CHIEF EXECUTIVE, ELLEMBELLE DISTRICT ASSEMBLY 4 Ellembelle ICM Toolkit 2013 Ellembelle ICM Toolkit 2013 5 Definitions Definitions Adaptive Capacity: capacity flood and drought), causing tourism. Its purpose may be higher as a result of the experiences occasional or Restoration: is a broad of a community to adapt sea levels also to rise. to educate the traveler, to influence of the sea. periodic flooding. process of reversing itself to the threats and provide funds for ecological physical, economic and hazards such as climate Community Resource conservation, to directly Flood: an overflow of rain Green Belt: an area social decline in a coastal change, coastal erosion, Management Areas benefit the economic water or other sources along which has been designated area. loss of livelihoods and (CREMA): creates a win- development and political the normal confines of a around a settlement for inappropriate development. win situation by creating a empowerment of local river, stream, drainage way no development in order Set back: is an area left free financial incentive for farmers communities, or to foster or other water body that to provide access to green of any physical development Artisanal Fishing fleet: to use and manage natural respect for different cultures causes or threatens damage and open spaces and to or modification, commonly traditional canoe-based resources on sustainable and for human rights. to property, infrastructure, encourage more dense used to setback structures fishing vessels. basis by devolving Ecological goods and people, or natural resources. urbanization. from a coastal feature, or management rights and services: are the benefits from a road in an urban Barrier spit or beach: responsibilities to them. provided by wetlands e.g., Flood proofing or High tide line: is the area. sandy beaches built up by water purification, supplies protection: means any highest point on the shore ocean wave energy and Development: is any of portable water, fishes, combination of structural that is covered by water at Shoreline protection backed by wetlands or river man-made alteration to the plants, building materials and and non-structural additions, high tide. Ghana has two structures, or sea outflows. These systems are landscape including grading, water for livestock, outdoor changes, or adjustments to high tides and two low tides defense structures: in constant movement in filling, dredging, extraction, recreation and education. existing or new structures each day. The mean tidal include breakwaters, groins, response to the energy of the storage, subdivision of land, which reduce or eliminate range (distance between bulkheads, jetties, and other surrounding system. or construction of structures, Environmental flood damage to residential high and low tides) is 1 structures, the purpose or stormwater collection, Assessment: is the process and non-residential buildings meter, and the spring tidal effect of which is to control Built Areas Highly drainage and discharge of identifying, predicting, and their contents. These range (time of new or full or prevent the erosion of Exposed to Flood Damage: works, flood protection evaluating and mitigating can include protective walls moon) is 1.3m. For purposes coastal features. are settlements, businesses, works. the biophysical, social, and and drainage systems to of coastal development, residences and public other relevant effects of redirect water away from this is the line which Traditional Authorities: buildings which are routinely Ecosystem: a complex set development proposals prior existing buildings, rebuilding development is