Joe Mccarthy and the Red Scare
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American Bolsheviki: the Beginnings of the First Red Scare, 1917 to 1918
Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal Volume 3 Issue 2 Article 4 2019 American Bolsheviki: The Beginnings of the First Red Scare, 1917 to 1918 Jonathan Dunning Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.murraystate.edu/steeplechase Part of the European History Commons, Other History Commons, Political History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Dunning, Jonathan (2019) "American Bolsheviki: The Beginnings of the First Red Scare, 1917 to 1918," Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal: Vol. 3 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. Available at: https://digitalcommons.murraystate.edu/steeplechase/vol3/iss2/4 This Feature is brought to you for free and open access by the The Office of Research and Creative Activity at Murray State's Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal by an authorized editor of Murray State's Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. American Bolsheviki: The Beginnings of the First Red Scare, 1917 to 1918 Abstract A consensus has developed among historians that widespread panic consumed the American public and government as many came to fear a Bolshevik coup of the United States government and the undermining of the American way of life beginning in early 1919. Known as the First Red Scare, this period became one of the most well-known episodes of American fear of Communism in US history. With this focus on the events of 1919 to 1920, however, historians of the First Red Scare have often ignored the initial American reaction to the October Revolution in late 1917 and throughout 1918. -
When Fear Is Substituted for Reason: European and Western Government Policies Regarding National Security 1789-1919
WHEN FEAR IS SUBSTITUTED FOR REASON: EUROPEAN AND WESTERN GOVERNMENT POLICIES REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITY 1789-1919 Norma Lisa Flores A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2012 Committee: Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Dr. Mark Simon Graduate Faculty Representative Dr. Michael Brooks Dr. Geoff Howes Dr. Michael Jakobson © 2012 Norma Lisa Flores All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Although the twentieth century is perceived as the era of international wars and revolutions, the basis of these proceedings are actually rooted in the events of the nineteenth century. When anything that challenged the authority of the state – concepts based on enlightenment, immigration, or socialism – were deemed to be a threat to the status quo and immediately eliminated by way of legal restrictions. Once the façade of the Old World was completely severed following the Great War, nations in Europe and throughout the West started to revive various nineteenth century laws in an attempt to suppress the outbreak of radicalism that preceded the 1919 revolutions. What this dissertation offers is an extended understanding of how nineteenth century government policies toward radicalism fostered an environment of increased national security during Germany’s 1919 Spartacist Uprising and the 1919/1920 Palmer Raids in the United States. Using the French Revolution as a starting point, this study allows the reader the opportunity to put events like the 1848 revolutions, the rise of the First and Second Internationals, political fallouts, nineteenth century imperialism, nativism, Social Darwinism, and movements for self-government into a broader historical context. -
End of Instruction Notes DAY 2 1949 NATO—North Atlantic Treaty
End of Instruction Notes DAY 2 1949 NATO—North Atlantic Treaty Organization. When it became apparent the UN could not stop war and aggression, the former Allies signed this treaty stating, “armed attack against one or more of them…shall be considered an attack against all.” Truman did not allow the US to return to isolationism after WWII. Warsaw Pact—after NATO allowed West Germany to re-arm. Soviet Union responded by organizing a military alliance in Eastern Europe Soviets successfully test atomic bomb this led to the arms race with the US China turns communist with Mao Zedong 1950s 1950 Korean War—divided after WWII, by Allies occupying forces withdrew in 1948-49. North Korea invaded the south to reunite them. The Soviets were boycotting the UN. The UN voted to defend South Korea. Douglas MacArthur headed troops after years of fighting he wanted to push war harder and to consider the bomb. Truman disagreed. Mac went behind his back and Truman fired him. 1952--Communists took control of Iran. CIA overthrew communists and replaced with Shah 1953—President Eisenhower wants to end the Korean War—Stalin died—Korea divided on 48th parallel. Vietnam conflict starting. Eisenhower sends advisors. Latin America—US feared Soviets might try to spread communism there US first then the USSR tested nuclear bombs 1954—CIA overthrew Guatemala gov’t to replace with US friendly one 1957—Soviet uses ballistic missiles armed with nuclear warheads. US lags behind in missile technology. Soviets also launch Sputnik, 1st satellite to orbit the earth—this leads to the space race. -
Letter from Senator Joseph Mccarthy to the President of the United States
Letter from Senator Joseph McCarthy to the President of the United States This letter from Senator Joseph McCarthy, Republican representative of Wisconsin, to President Harry Truman was written three days after McCarthy’s famous Wheeling Speech. This speech signaled McCarthy’s rise to influence, as he gained national attention by producing a piece of paper on which he claimed he had listed the names of 205 members of the Communist Party working secretly in the U.S. State Department. McCarthy was, at the time of this letter, beginning to exploit national concerns about Communist infiltration during the Cold War. This fear of infiltration was intensified by the Soviet Union’s recent development of the atomic bomb and the coming Communist takeover of China. “McCarthyism” however was not yet at its peak. Senator McCarthy here at first encourages President Truman to commit more resources to the war of containment being fought in South Korea, and secondly questioned the legitimacy and effectiveness of Truman’s loyalty program, signed into effect by Executive Order 9835 in 1947. This program required the FBI to run checks on almost anyone involved in the U.S. government and subsequently to launch investigations into any government employee with what could be presumed as questionable political associations. The Loyalty Program was not enough to satisfy Senator McCarthy, who suspected that a number of subversives had slipped through the investigation and remained in the State Department. President Truman made it clear that he would not take McCarthy’s accusations seriously and that the Senator was “the best asset the Kremlin has.”109 July 12, 1950 The President The White House Washington, D. -
The Cold War
The American Yawp Chapter 25 – The Cold War Quiz 1. What was the first military action taken by the United States against international communism? a. American soldiers fought against the Red Army during the Russian civil war b. American soldiers fought isolated battles against the Soviet Union during World War II c. The Berlin Airlift d. The Korean War 2. Greece and Turkey were early flashpoints in the Cold War. How did the United States respond to unrest in Greece and Turkey in 1947? a. The United States established long range missiles in these nations, capable of reaching Moscow b. The United States sent military advisers to train anti-communist forces in both countries c. The United States actively intervened in Greece but not in Turkey d. The United States sent $400 million to both nations to be used in resisting communism 3. What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan? a. Rebuild Western Europe b. Create new markets for American goods c. Generate support for Capitalist democracies d. All of the above 4. When was the Atlantic Charter issued? a. After World War I b. Before the United States entered World War II c. After World War II d. When the Soviet Union invaded Korea 5. What was the message of NSC-68? a. A warning that the idea of the domino theory may represent a slippery slope commitment that would result in dozens of new wars b. An economic argument for isolationism c. A call for a tripling of the annual defense budget for the purpose of stopping communism d. -
For All the People
Praise for For All the People John Curl has been around the block when it comes to knowing work- ers’ cooperatives. He has been a worker owner. He has argued theory and practice, inside the firms where his labor counts for something more than token control and within the determined, but still small uni- verse where labor rents capital, using it as it sees fit and profitable. So his book, For All the People: The Hidden History of Cooperation, Cooperative Movements, and Communalism in America, reached expectant hands, and an open mind when it arrived in Asheville, NC. Am I disappointed? No, not in the least. Curl blends the three strands of his historical narrative with aplomb, he has, after all, been researching, writing, revising, and editing the text for a spell. Further, I am certain he has been responding to editors and publishers asking this or that. He may have tired, but he did not give up, much inspired, I am certain, by the determination of the women and men he brings to life. Each of his subtitles could have been a book, and has been written about by authors with as many points of ideological view as their titles. Curl sticks pretty close to the narrative line written by worker own- ers, no matter if they came to work every day with a socialist, laborist, anti-Marxist grudge or not. Often in the past, as with today’s worker owners, their firm fails, a dream to manage capital kaput. Yet today, as yesterday, the democratic ideals of hundreds of worker owners support vibrantly profitable businesses. -
Academic American History
CORE BODY OF KNOWLEDGE HONORS AMERICAN HISTORY For each of the sections that follow students may be required to analyze, recall, explain, interpret, apply, or evaluate the particular concepts being taught. MODERN AMERICA EMERGES – 1890-1920 • Describe the causes and the effects of the Spanish-American War and its impact on U.S. Imperialism • Summarize how in the first tow decades of the 1900’s, Americans embraced the Progressive movement and many of its reforms. • Give examples of progressive reform at the urban, state and federal levels • Describe the long campaign and great effort required to achieve women’s suffrage • Identify World War I as a conflict of global origins and dimensions • Describe President Wilson’s efforts to fashion a lasting peace after World War I AMERICA IN THE 1920’S • Describe the new prosperity and conveniences produced by American businesses • Examine why Americans lash out at those who are different throughout the decade • Assess the reasons for the clash between rural America and a faster paced urban culture • Describe the influence of mass media on women’s attitudes and roles • Assess the conservative lasses-faire political philosophy that characterized the presidencies of Harding, Coolidge and Hoover THE GREAT DEPRESSION • Assess the factors that cause an economic collapse in 1929 • Examine why millions of Americans lose their jobs and President Hoover is unable to end the downslide • Summarize President Roosevelt’s New Deal program • Analyze the legacy of the Great Depression and Roosevelt’s New Deal WORLD WAR II AND THE HOME FRONT • Identify the aggressive nations of Europe and Asia and their leaders • Identify Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor as the aggressive action that propelled the U.S. -
Mccarthyism Lesson Plan
Joe McCarthy and the Red Scare "We must not confuse dissent with disloyalty. We must remember always that accusation is not proof and that conviction depends upon evidence and due process of law. We will not walk in fear, one of another. We will not be driven by fear into an age of unreason, if we dig deep in our history and our doctrine, and remember that we are not descended from fearful men--not from men who feared to write, to speak, to associate and to defend causes that were, for the moment, unpopular." ~Edward R. Murrow Overview In this lesson, students will study the effects of the actions of Joseph McCarthy and the Red Scare on American life in the 1950’s. During the warm up, students will be set up to replicate the actions of Senator McCarthy by accusing particular people of being communist, with no information other than a picture. Students will then receive an overview of the First Red Scare, as well as gain an understanding of the foreign and domestic reasons for the Second Red Scare, via an interactive Power Point presentation. The lesson culminates with students creating television commercials and campaign posters supporting or opposing the reelection of Senator Joe McCarthy. Grade 11 NC Essential Standards for American History II AH2.H.1.2- Use Historical comprehension… AH2.H.1.3- Use historical analysis and interpretation… AH2.H.1.4- Use historical research… AH2.H.2.1 - Analyze key political, economic, and social turning points since the end of Reconstruction in terms of causes and effects (e.g., conflicts, legislation, elections, innovations, leadership, movements, Supreme Court decisions, etc.). -
**** This Is an EXTERNAL Email. Exercise Caution. DO NOT Open Attachments Or Click Links from Unknown Senders Or Unexpected Email
Scott.A.Milkey From: Hudson, MK <[email protected]> Sent: Monday, June 20, 2016 3:23 PM To: Powell, David N;Landis, Larry (llandis@ );candacebacker@ ;Miller, Daniel R;Cozad, Sara;McCaffrey, Steve;Moore, Kevin B;[email protected];Mason, Derrick;Creason, Steve;Light, Matt ([email protected]);Steuerwald, Greg;Trent Glass;Brady, Linda;Murtaugh, David;Seigel, Jane;Lanham, Julie (COA);Lemmon, Bruce;Spitzer, Mark;Cunningham, Chris;McCoy, Cindy;[email protected];Weber, Jennifer;Bauer, Jenny;Goodman, Michelle;Bergacs, Jamie;Hensley, Angie;Long, Chad;Haver, Diane;Thompson, Lisa;Williams, Dave;Chad Lewis;[email protected];Andrew Cullen;David, Steven;Knox, Sandy;Luce, Steve;Karns, Allison;Hill, John (GOV);Mimi Carter;Smith, Connie S;Hensley, Angie;Mains, Diane;Dolan, Kathryn Subject: Indiana EBDM - June 22, 2016 Meeting Agenda Attachments: June 22, 2016 Agenda.docx; Indiana Collaborates to Improve Its Justice System.docx **** This is an EXTERNAL email. Exercise caution. DO NOT open attachments or click links from unknown senders or unexpected email. **** Dear Indiana EBDM team members – A reminder that the Indiana EBDM Policy Team is scheduled to meet this Wednesday, June 22 from 9:00 am – 4:00 pm at IJC. At your earliest convenience, please let me know if you plan to attend the meeting. Attached is the meeting agenda. Please note that we have a full agenda as this is the team’s final Phase V meeting. We have much to discuss as we prepare the state’s application for Phase VI. We will serve box lunches at about noon so we can make the most of our time together. -
The Texas State Government and the Second Red Scare, 1947-1954
MANIPULATING FEAR: THE TEXAS STATE GOVERNMENT AND THE SECOND RED SCARE, 1947-1954 Shaffer Allen Bonewell, B.A. Thesis Prepared for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS May 2019 APPROVED: Todd Moye, Committee Chair Andrew Torget, Committee Member Graham Cox, Committee Member Harold Tanner, Chair of the Department of History David Holdeman, Dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences Victor Prybutok, Dean of the Toulouse Graduate School Bonewell, Shaffer Allen. Manipulating Fear: The Texas State Government and the Second Red Scare, 1947-1954. Master of Science (History), May 2019, 114 pp., bibliography, 57 primary sources, 31 secondary sources. Between 1947 and 1954, the Texas State Legislature enacted a series of eight highly restrictive anti-communist laws. Designed to protect political, military, and economic structures in the state from communist infiltration, the laws banned communists from participating the political process, required registration of all communists who entered the state and eventually outlawed the Communist Party. Drawn from perceptions about Cold War events, such as the Truman Doctrine and the Korean War, and an expanding economy inside of Texas, members of the state legislature perceived that communism represented a threat to their state. However, when presented with the opportunity to put the laws into action during the 1953 Port Arthur Labor Strike, the state government failed to bring any charges against those who they labeled as communists. Instead of actually curtailing the limited communist presence inside of the state, members of the state government instead used the laws to leverage political control throughout the state by attacking labor, liberals in education and government, and racial minorities with accusations of communism. -
Constructing Neo-Conservatism
Stephen Eric Bronner Constructing Neo-Conservatism by Stephen Eric Bronner eo-conservatism has become both a code word for reactionary thinking Nin our time and a badge of unity for those in the Bush administration advocating a new imperialist foreign policy, an assault on the welfare state, and a return to “family values.” Its members are directly culpable for the disintegration of American prestige abroad, the erosion of a huge budget surplus, and the debasement of democracy at home. Enough inquiries have highlighted the support given to neo-conservative causes by various businesses and wealthy foundations like Heritage and the American Enterprise Institute. In general, however, the mainstream media has taken the intellectual pretensions of this mafia far too seriously and treated its members far too courteously. Its truly bizarre character deserves particular consideration. Thus, the need for what might be termed a montage of its principal intellectuals and activists. Montage NEO-CONSERVATIVES WIELD EXTRAORDINARY INFLUENCE in all the branches and bureaucracies of the government. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz really require no introduction. These architects of the Iraqi war purposely misled the American public about the existence of weapons of mass destruction, a horrible pattern of torturing prisoners of war, the connection between Saddam Hussein and al Qaeda, the celebrations that would greet the invading troops, and the ease of setting up a democracy in Iraq. But they were not alone. Whispering words of encouragement was the notorious Richard Perle: a former director of the Defense Policy Board, until his resignation amid accusations of conflict of interest, his nickname—“the Prince of Darkness”—reflects his advanced views on nuclear weapons. -
EXTENSIONS of REMARKS HON. JOSEPH R. Mccarthy HON
1956 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - ·HOUSE 2965 A. J. Hardin Peterson, Cochrane B_uilding, A. Manly Sheppard, 1001 15th Street NW.. A. -P. K. · Ward; 219 Washington Hotel, Lakeland, Fla. Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C. B. Peoples Lobby, Inc., 1337 21st Street B. Passaic Valley Sewerage Commission, 24 B. Joint Committee _ of · Consumers and NW., Washingtcm, D. C. Branford Place, Newark, N. J. Small· Producers of Natural Gas, room 219, Washington Hotel, Washington, D. C, A. Ada E. Pruitt, 5814 Nevada Avenue NW., A. Southwestern Peanut Shellers Associa tion, Box 48, Durant, Okla. A. Myron Weiner, 917 15th Street NW., Washington, D. C. Washington, ·D. C. B. The Far East Group, Inc., 917 15th A. Purc~ll , & -Nelson, 910 17th Street NW., A. Spencer, Moore & Whalen, 2000 Massa Street NW., Washingto_n, D. C. Washington, D. C. chusetts Avenue NW., Washington, D. C. B. Devalin Corp., 120 Wall New B. Edward Martin Hinsberger, 55 ·Wall A. Mrs. Anna Kelton Wiley, 2345 Ashmead S~reet; Street, New York, N. Y. York,N. Y. Place, Washington, D. C. B. The Women's City Club, 1733 I Street A. W1lliam T. Stephens, 700 Washington NW., Washington, D. C., et al. A. Purcell & Nelson, 910 17th Street NW., Building, Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C. B. American Utility Trailer Rental Asso A. A. E. Wilkinson, 417 Investment Build B. Little & Christman, 120 Wall Street, New ciation, 700 Washington Building, Washing ing, Washington, D. C. York, N. Y. ton, D. C. B. The Anaconda Co., 616 Hennessy Build ing, Butte, Mo~t. A. Frank L. Roberts, 740 lltl- Street NW., A.