DOCSLIB.ORG

Cities and Competitiveness and Cities 2 /2005 2 /2005 Baltic Cities Bulletin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cities and Competitiveness and Cities 2 /2005 2 /2005 Baltic Cities Bulletin •AALBORG•AARHUS•BALTIJSK•BERGEN•BÜTZOW•CĒSIS•CHOJNICE•COPENHAGEN•ELBLĄG•ELVA•ESPOO•FREDERICIA•GÄVLE•GDAŃSK•GDYNIA•GÖTEBORG•GREIFSWALD•GRODNO•HAAPSALU•HELSINKI•HORSENS•JELGAVA•JĒKABPILS • JÕHVI•JŪRMALA•KALININGRAD•KALMAR•KÄRDLA•KARLSKRONA•KARLSTAD•KAUNAS•KEILA•KEMI•KIEL•KLAIPĖDA•KØGE•KOLDING•KOSZALIN•KOTKA•KRISTIANSAND•KRISTIANSTAD•KRONSHTADT•KRYNICA M.•KURESSAARE •LAHTI•LIEPĀJA•LINKÖPING•LOMONOSOV•LULEÅ•LÜBECK•ŁEBA•MAARDU•MALBORK•MALMÖ•MARIEHAMN•MARIJAMPOLĖ•MIĘDZYZDROJE•MOLĖTAI•NACKA•NARVA•NÆSTVED•NORRTÄLJE •NYKØBING F.•NYKÖPING•OSKARSHAMN•ÖREBRO•PALANGA•PALDISKI•PANEVĖŽYS•PÄRNU•PETERHOF•PORI•PRUSZCZ GD.•REDA•RĒZEKNE•RIGA•ROSTOCK•SESTRORETSK•ŠIAULIAI•SILLAMÄE •SLONIM•SOPOT•STOCKHOLM•ST.PETERSBURG•SUNDSVALL•SZCZECIN•TALLINN•TAMPERE•TARTU•TUKUMS•TURKU•UMEÅ•VAASA•VÄSTERVIK•VÄXJÖ•VILJANDI•VILNIUS•VISBY•VORDINGBORG•VÕRU•WISMAR Cities and Competitiveness 2 /2005 2 /2005 Baltic Cities Bulletin Dear UBC Friends, The Baltic Sea region is perceived as the most dynamically developing region in EU and recognised as a forerunner in many EDITOR IN CHIEF fields. To keep this positive trend lasting, we cannot rest on our Paweł Żaboklicki laurels. More than ever we are now facing the challenge to be most competitive region in Europe. However, as it was emphasised * during our General Conference in Turku, in the globalised world the competition is not dominated by the national perspective any more EDITING & LAYOUT but by the local and regional one. The cities play the increasingly important role in ensuring the Anna Dargiewicz welfare of the country and the success of the whole Baltic Region. The cities are those which develop as "engines of growth". How do they cope with the role of economic, cultural and social * focal points? What do they do to attract investors as well as visitors? Hopefully, we will be able to find all the answers in this issue of the Baltic Cities Bulletin. EDITORIAL BOARD Risto Veivo Additionally, many of these answers were expressed during our VIII General Conference in Viktors Buls Turku, Finland, 29 September – 2 October. We have been proud of the opportunity to host more Ewa Kurjata than 270 participants, including representatives of 67 Member Cities, as well as invited guests Anna Dargiewicz from governments and numerous international organisations. Those people really care for the Paweł Żaboklicki Baltic Sea Region and they want it to be more and more competitive. The most visible effect of this concern was the Memorandum of Understanding on Sustainable Port and Maritime Policy * for the Baltic Sea Region signed by 15 major Baltic ports and port cities on 30 September at the General Conference in Turku. The UBC unanimously endorsed this document. This is a huge PUBLISHER step forward in terms of harmonized environmental policies and practices for the Baltic ports. Union of the Baltic Cities Secretariat The theme of the General Conference was "Towards a New Agenda for the Baltic Sea Wały Jagiellońskie 1 Region". Do we really need to look for a new agenda? Excellent speeches and presentations, PL-80853 Gdańsk fruitful workshops and discussions confirmed, on the one hand, that the Baltic Sea cities have POLAND now tremendous opportunities to develop, especially in regards with the EU enlargement and tel. +48 58 3010917 new financing possibilities. On the other hand, however, they gave an impulse to consider tel. +48 58 3019123 the future role of UBC in the region. What can we do for the benefit of our member cities? fax +48 58 3017637 The clear prerequisites to the UBC Action Plan for the next 2-year period were made by the e-mail: [email protected] General Conference when it adopted unanimously the Resolution. The ideas specified in this www.ubc.net document mark the main dimensions of further development of the Union. We should support ISSN 1506-6266 the implementation of the Lisbon Strategy objectives at the local and regional level. We should, moreover, closely co-operate with other Baltic organizations and do our best to create the one * - and therefore stronger then ever - Baltic voice in Brussels. CO-EDITING & The Baltic Sea cities and region cannot afford to miss out the chance which has been given to PROOF-READING them. I hope that the next year will be full of successful and fruitful projects which will further Ewa Kurjata contribute to improvement of our regional competitiveness. * Wishing You a Merry Christmas and successful New Year 2006! COVER PICTURE City of Elbląg Per Bødker Andersen President of the UBC Kolding, 1 December 2005 CONTENTS I. Cities and Competitiveness 18 Annual meeting and change 2 Cities as driving competitors of Chair 4 Focus on innovation 18 Public Transport Seminar on 4 Investments in modernity Trolleybus 5 Creating open economy 19 Changes in the UBC IS Com 5 Attracting headquaters 19 New Leader of the 6 Values and co-operation Commission on Tourism Chojnice attracts new investors and .... ski- 6 Rehabilitation of the Talksa jumping stars 20 EnvCom discussed UBC Lake Agenda 21 in Sopot 7 Sustainable Keila 20 Healthy Lifestyle 7 Baltic tourism for a better 20 Commission on Education living quality 21 Knowledge based Baltic Sea 8 The true heart of Finland Region 8 City of opportunities 21 Young and Active 9 Towards greater Conference in Vilnius competitiveness 21 The Commission on Culture 9 Dynamic Chojnice session 10 In harmony with the nature 22 Improved Environmental Next UBC General Conference will be held in 10 Comprehensive development Pärnu, Estonia in 2007 Management System of Klaipeda 22 UBC Survey on Sustainable 11 City without barriers Development 11 Fast track of Umeå 12 PPP in Cesis III. News from Member Cities 12 Powerful Vaasa 13 Attractive Gdynia 23 Baltic Metropoles 13 Honest business in Kärdla 23 VI Baltic Sea Conference 14 Space for development 24 VI Baltic Contemporary Art 14 Competitive edge Biennale 24 Wildlife Vaasa 2006 II. UBC Today UBC Commission on Urban Planning during 24 Cesis expedition in Syberia the final ABC Project seminar in Malmö 25 Keila - hot-air baloon capital 15 VIII General Conference in of Estonia Turku, 29 September - 25 New pier in Międzyzdroje 2 October 2005 26 Welcome to Narva 16 The Environmental Award 26 Chess stars of the Baltic Sea goes to Kaunas 26 Nordic jobs 16 Memorandum of 27 Promoting enterpreneurship Understanding signed in Tallinn 17 43rd Executive Board 27 Pomeranian Science & meeting at Chojnice Technology Park in Gdynia 17 The closing seminar of the 28 Bay Watch in Klaipeda ABC Project 28 New projects in Jurmala Baltic cities implement many INTERREG III a projects to make the Baltic beaches safer BCB 2/2005 1 I. CITIES AND COMPETITIVENESS CITIES AS DRIVING COMPETITORS The role of cities is very quickly potential for competitiveness and thereby and communication between the city, becoming one of the most important for economic growth and development of business and the academic world - triple parts of the whole discussion on our communities. The question is - How helix. It is to a considerable extent about how competition functions and how do we make use of this potential? discovering what is new and what will economic development comes about What can cities - that is their political affect the position of the city and its in our globalised world. Contrary leaders and their institutions - do to competitiveness in the future. The general to the situation during most of the promote the cities’ or their regions’ investment climate has as always to do 20th century when competition was competitiveness? There is of course a with well-known things such as taxes, dominated by the national perspective row of important factors that play a role, fees, the amount and complexity of – it is increasingly about and between but the key factors in my opinion are: regulations, etc. cities and regions regardless of national The fourth point is perhaps borders. The welfare of more difficult to handle, a country is becoming especially if we are talking more dependent on how of the EU - country subject to successful its cities are. the rules of the inner market, the public tendering process, A few figures from the etc. What is the role of a city Stockholm Region underline regarding investment? To this argument very clearly: simplify matters it could be divided into two parts: • it has 21% of the population of Sweden - basic infrastructure – such • it produces almost 30 % as water-supply, sewage of our GNP treatment, waste management, • it pays 40 % of all taxes roads, ports, public transport, Competitiveness or its lack depends on people and on what they do. in the country, and People live, work and run businesses locally - says Carl Cederschiöld etc. • it accounts for around 40 This can be done exclusively % of the total annual growth by the city - or as so called of our GNP. • good and well functioning institutions PPP’s - or by contract tendered out to - good governance; private companies. The vital element In the international environment • an environment that stimulates and here is that there should always be characterized by a growing mobility of accept innovation with an open mind; municipal responsibility based on the people, goods, capital and ideas, the basis • good climate for investment, and legal competence laid down in the law for competitiveness becomes more and • a city’s responsible and comprehensive of the land. more local / regional. There is abundant investment - policy. empirical evidence to support this view. - Investment in other areas - but under Given an open economy this is not that The first point demands that local what circumstances? astounding. Competitiveness or its lack independence regarding responsibilities A city can often have valid reasons for depends at the end of the day on people in designated areas - that is the legal trying to promote commercial investment and on what they do. People live, work competence for the local and regional in order to stimulate local and regional and run businesses locally.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Istituto Tecnico Tecnologico Baracca Kaszubskie Liceum
    ONLINE EXCHANGE BRESCIA & BRUSY Istituto Tecnico Tecnologico Baracca Kaszubskie Liceum Ogólnokształcące w Brusach 2021 Elisa Lacagnina Thanks to the Etwinning platform I had the possibility to know Ms. Alicja Frymark, English teacher from Kashubian Secondary School (Kaszubskie Liceum Ogólnokształcące) in Brusy, Poland. Since our first online meeting on Skype, we have kept talking, most of all, of our school project called “Online exchange - Brescia & Brusy”. To start, we decided to assign our students a partner to make them work in pairs. Their task was to exchange emails with their friend about the topic given and then, with the information, to write a short article in English. We assigned different topics like Covid 19 and lockdown; traditional food; language uses; interesting facts about the city, the country and the region; school; local tradition. The first part of the project went really well and I was satisfied with the work done. My 5th-year students are enthusiastic about having a “virtual” foreign partner. I decided to start an online exchange because my students felt the need to improve their English speaking and writing skills, as we have only 3 hour English a week. According to me, these opportunities are not only useful to improve the language skills but also to expand your knowledge, to meet new people, to know about the uses and the customs of different countries. Moreover, it was the right moment to start a project of this kind precisely in this difficult period. We have been experiencing a different life, due to Covid 19 home–schooling, restrictions, curfews, prohibitions etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Przekazuję Do Państwa Dyspozycji Kolejną Edycję Biuletynu
    Przekazuję do Państwa dyspozycji kolejną edycję Biuletynu Informacyjnego Komendy Powiatowej Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w Chojnicach, zawierającego podsumowanie zadań realizowanych w 2017 roku. W przygotowanej publikacji przedstawione zostały najważniejsze aspekty działalności naszej Komendy w minionym roku. Mam nadzieję, że przygotowany materiał poglądowy w znacznym stopniu przybliży Państwu zagadnienia dotyczące charakterystyki realizowanych zadań w zakresie ochrony przeciwpożarowej na terenie powiatu chojnickiego. Komendant Powiatowy Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w Chojnicach st. kpt. Błażej Chamier Cieminski Komenda Powiatowa Państwowej Straży pożarnej w Chojnicach Materiał zawarty w biuletynie opracowano w oparciu o dane z poszczególnych komórek organizacyjnych Komendy Powiatowej Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w Chojnicach. Materiały do biuletynu opracowali: mł. bryg. Alicja Kaźmierczak st. kpt. Marcin Wróblewski st. kpt. Rafał Buszek st. kpt. Błażej Chamier Cieminski mł. ogn. Wojciech Chamier Cieminski sekc. Joanna Kowalczyk sekc. Monika Ostrowska Aleksandra Marszałkowska Wykaz ważniejszych skrótów użytych w opracowaniu: JRG – Jednostka Ratowniczo – Gaśnicza; SKKP – Stanowisko Kierowania Komendanta Powiatowego OSP – Ochotnicza Straż Pożarna; PRM – Państwowe Ratownictwo Medyczne; ZRM – Zespół Ratownictwa Medycznego; KPP – Kwalifikowana Pierwsza Pomoc SIS – Siły i Środki KDR – Kierujący Działaniem Ratowniczym Autor zdjęcia na okładce biuletynu – Daniel Frymark Strona 2 Komenda Powiatowa Państwowej Straży pożarnej w Chojnicach Spis
    [Show full text]
  • Archive for Scientific Geography
    ARCHIVE FOR SCIENTIFIC GEOGRAPHY FOUNDED BY CARL TROLL Editors Jörg Bendix ∙ Bernd Diekkrüger ∙ Andreas Dittmann Uta Hohn ∙ Hermann Kreutzmann ∙ Heike Mayer ∙ Harald Zepp Editor-in-Chief Jörg Löffler Editorial Management Dirk Wundram Advisory Board Dieter Anhuf ∙ Tobias Bolch ∙ David Butz ∙ Martin Coy ∙ Anke Jentsch ∙ Sarah J. Halvorson Iain Hay ∙ Ken Hewitt ∙ Frauke Kraas ∙ Anders Lundberg ∙ Ülo Mander ∙ Paul Messerli Ingo Mose ∙ Ulrike Müller-Böker ∙ Detlef Müller-Mahn ∙ Marcus Nüsser ∙ Marcela Polimeni Sebastian Schmidtlein ∙ Lothar Schrott ∙ Heinz Veit ∙ Teiji Watanabe ∙ Stefan Winkler Kenji Yamamoto ∙ Karl Zimmerer 2015 ∙ Vol. 69 ∙ No. 2 April – June CONTENTS ARTICLES Sabine v. Löwis: Phantom borders in the political geography of East Central Europe: an introduction . 99 Tomasz Zarycki: The electoral geography of Poland: between stable spatial struc- tures and their changing interpretations . 107 Jarosław. Jańczak: Phantom borders and electoral behaviour in Poland. Historical legacies, political culture and their influence on contemporary politics . 125 Martin Šimon: Measuring phantom borders: the case of Czech/Czechoslovakian electoral geography . 139 Henry Rammelt: Shadows of the past: Common effects of communism or different pre-communist legacies? An analysis of discrepancies in social mobilization throughout Romanian regions . 151 Andreea Zamfira:Methodological limitations in studying the effect of (inter)ethnic- ity on voting behaviour, with examples from Bulgaria, Romania, and Slovakia 161 Roger Baars and Antje Schlottmann:
    [Show full text]
  • Acta Pomerania Nr 5
    ACTA POMERANIA ZESZYTY NAUKOWE POWSZECHNEJ WYŻSZEJ SZKOŁY HUMANISTYCZNEJ „POMERANIA‖ W CHOJNICACH Folia Administracja Folia Bezpieczeństwo Folia Pedagogika CHOJNICE 2014, nr 5 Rada Naukowa Janusz Gierszewski (przewodniczący), Juliusz Jundziłł, Tadeusz Maciejewski, dr hab. Tomasz Biernat, Arkadiusz Karwacki, Andrzej Misiuk, Juliusz Piwowarski, Marek Stefański Recenzenci Prof. dr hab. Waldemar Kitler Prof. dr hab. Andrzej Misiuk Prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Maciejewski Prof. dr hab. Juliusz Jundziłł Redaktorzy tematyczni Tadeusz Maciejewski (Folia Administracja) Janusz Gierszewski (Folia Bezpieczeństwo) Tomasz Biernat (Folia Pedagogika) Dyrektor Wydawnictw PWSH Pomerania Mariusz Brunka Redaktor językowy i techniczny Żaneta Brieger Projekt okładki Maciej Piątek Redakcja „ACTA POMERANIA‖ PWSH Pomerania w Chojnicach ul. Świętopełka 10, 89-600 Chojnice Tel. 52 334 28 87, e-mail: [email protected] Wydawca Certus s.c. Janusz Szczepański, Rafał Wełninski, ul. Angowicka 53, 89-600 Chojnice na zlecenie Powszechnej Wyższej Szkoły Humanistycznej „Pomerania‖ ul. Świętopełka 10, 89-620 Chojnice ISSN 2080-6183 ISBN 978-83-938232-5-3 Spis treści I Folia Administracja MARIUSZ BRUNKA: Poszerzenie bazy decyzyjnej lokalnej administracji oświatowej o działalność ciał nieformalnych, a zarządzanie zmianą ........................................................... 7 DARIUSZ MARKIEWICZ : Zaostrzenie polityki imigracyjnej w Niemczech ..................... 33 ROBERT KOSIEDOWSKI: Problematyka pracowniczych urlopów wypoczynkowych w świetle przepisów prawa pracy oraz
    [Show full text]
  • Political Preferences 9/2014
    Political Preferences 9/2014 Editors: Agnieszka Turska-Kawa Waldemar Wojtasik Katowice 2014 Scientific Council: prof. dr hab. Roman Bäcker (Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland), prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Godlewski (Kazimierz Wielki University, Poland), prof. dr hab. Iwona Jakubowska-Branicka (University of Warsaw, Poland), prof. dr hab. Slavomir Magál (University of St. Cyril and Methodius, Slovakia), prof. dr hab. Jozef Matúš (University of St. Cyril and Methodius, Slovakia), prof. dr hab. Dusan Pavlu (Higher School of Hospitality Management, Czech Republic) prof. dr hab. Libor Pavera (Higher School of Hospitality Management, Czech Republic), prof. dr hab. Dana Petranová (University of St. Cyril and Methodius, Slovakia), prof. dr hab. Olga Prokopenko (Sumski National CONTENTS University, Ukraine), prof. dr hab. Teresa Sasińska-Klas (Jagiellonian University, Poland), prof. dr hab. Jerzy Sielski (University of Szczecin, Poland), dr Marcjanna Augustyn (University of Hull, England), prof. Jana Galera Matúšová (University of St. Cyril and Methodius, Slovakia) Editorial Board: dr Agnieszka Turska-Kawa (chief editor) mgr Maciej Marmola (journal secretary) dr hab. Robert Alberski (theme editor: systems and voting behavior) prof. UMK dr hab. Danuta Plecka (Karnowska) (theme editor: political identification) Petr Kaniok (Masaryk University, Czech Republic) dr hab. Łukasz Tomczak (theme editor: political parties) The Czech Republic 2014 European Parliament Election: Voters Gone Out, prof. UE dr hab. Zbigniew Widera (theme editor: political marketing) dr Waldemar Wojtasik (theme editor: party systems) New Parties In .......................................................................................................7 mgr Przemysław Grzonka (statistical editor) Tihomir Cipek (Zagreb University, Croatia) Reviewers: European Elections in Croatia ............................................................................21 Prof. dr hab. Jaroslav Světlík (Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa in Nitre) dr hab. Miroslav Zelinský, CSc. (Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa v Nitre), prof.
    [Show full text]
  • The Analysis of Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases in Pomeranian Province
    Roczniki Akademii Medycznej w Białymstoku · Vol. The50, 2005analysis · Annales of mortality Academiae from cardiovascular Medicae Bialostocensis diseases in Pomeranian province 329 The analysis of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in Pomeranian province Bartosińska M*, Ejsmont J, Zaborski L, Zagodon P Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland Absract year 2000 (361.0/100 000) to year 2002 (347.9/100 000). It was lower than in other parts of Poland (449.8/100 000 in Purpose: Descriptive epidemiology characterises fre- year 2000) but higher than in countries of European Union quency of appearance of given event (here decease) in (257.8/100 000 in year 2000). dependence of many factors concerning a person, region Conclusions: Mortality from cardiovascular diseases has or time of existence of given salubrious phenomena. The decreased during last few years. Also there are distinctions source of information was the official death registry that in this phenomena among regions of Pomeranian province, provides complete records of all deaths that took place in other parts of Poland and countries of European Union. Pomeranian province. This description of sanitary situation From these reasons health care should be differentiated to of people from particular area enables doing comparison address the differences in spatial patterns of risk observed. between regions, facilitates researching etiological factors, planning work of medical workers and programming pre- ventive rules. Cardiovascular diseases during last fifty years Key words: epidemiology, mortality, cardiovascular are the main reason of death of people from developed coun- diseases. tries witch is also Poland. Material and methods: The aim of this work is to find out differences in health condition between citizens of Pomera- Introduction nian province and other people in Poland and countries of European Union.
    [Show full text]
  • Analiza Umieralności Z Powodu Nowotworów Złośliwych W Województwie Pomorskim Mortality Analysis Due to Malignant Carcinoma
    Ann. Acad. Med. Gedan., 2005, 35, 85 – 95 MARIA BARTOSIŃSKA, JAN EJSMONT, LESZEK ZABORSKI, PAWEŁ ZAGOŻDŻON ANALIZA UMIERALNOŚCI Z POWODU NOWOTWORÓW ZŁOŚLIWYCH W WOJEWÓDZTWIE POMORSKIM MORTALITY ANALYSIS DUE TO MALIGNANT CARCINOMA IN THE POMORZE REGION Zakład Higieny i Epidemiologii AM w Gdańsku kierownik: dr n. med. Jan Ejsmont Celem pracy jest porównanie stanu zdrowia ludności województwa pomorskiego, Polski oraz krajów Unii Europejskiej poprzez ocenę umieralności na nowotwory złośliwe. W województwie pomorskim najwyższe współczynniki zgonów z powodu nowotworów złośliwych odnotowano u mieszkańców dużych miast, takich jak Sopot, Gdańsk, Gdynia oraz wyższe u osób zamieszkałych w miastach powiatu gdańskiego niż u mieszkańców wsi. Wysoki był poziom standaryzowanej umieralności z powodu nowotworów złośliwych płuc i tchawicy oraz jelita grubego u obu płci, a także z powodu nowotworów sutka, szyjki macicy, jajnika u kobiet oraz nowotworów żołądka, gruczołu krokowego, pęche- rza moczowego i krtani u mężczyzn. W męskiej populacji województwa pomorskiego współczynnik zgonu z powodu nowotworów złośliwych płuc i tchawicy był o około 7% wyższy niż natężenie zgonów z tej przyczyny u mężczyzn w Polsce oraz w krajach Unii Europejskiej. Natomiast umieralność z tej przyczyny kobiet zamieszkałych w województwie pomorskim była o 38% wyższa niż u ogółu Polek oraz o ponad 11% wyższa niż u kobiet w krajach UE. W państwach UE wyższe było natężenie zgonów w następstwie nowotworów sutka. W tym przypadku współczynnik obliczony dla krajów UE był o 44% wyższy niż współczynnik dla ogółu kobiet w Polsce i o 37% wyższy niż umieralność z tej przyczyny w województwie pomorskim. W 2002 roku Polki umierały z powodu raka szyjki macicy prawie 2-krotnie częściej, a mieszkanki województwa pomorskiego – ponad 2,5-krotnie częściej niż kobiety w krajach Unii Europejskiej.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Counties of Poland
    Sr.No County County seat Area Population 1 Aleksandrow County Aleksandrow Kujawski 475.61 km2 55,195 2 Augustow County Augustow 1658,27 km2 58,966 3 Bartoszyce County Bartoszyce 1308,54 km2 61,354 4 Bedzin County Bedzin 368,02 km2 151,122 5 Belchatow County Belchatow 969,21 km2 112,640 6 Biala Podlaska city county 49,40 km2 58,010 7 Biala Podlaska County Biala Podlaska 2753,67 km2 113,764 8 Bialobrzegi County Bialobrzegi 639,28 km2 33,545 9 Bialogard County Bialogard 845,36 km2 48,241 10 Bialystok city county 102,12 km2 295,210 11 Bialystok County Bialystok 2984,64 km2 136,797 12 Bielsk County Bielsk Podlaski 1385,2 km2 60,047 13 Bielsko County Bielsko-Biala 457,23 km2 150,764 14 Bielsko-Biala city county 124,51 km2 176,678 15 Bierun-Ledziny County Bierun 156,68 km2 55,868 16 Bieszczady County Ustrzyki Dolne 1138,17 km2 22,213 17 Bilgoraj County Bilgoraj 1677,79 km2 104,267 18 Bochnia County Bochnia 649,28 km2 100,382 19 Boleslawiec County Boleslawiec 1303,26 km2 88,343 20 Braniewo County Braniewo 1204,54 km2 43,781 21 Brodnica County Brodnica 1038,79 km2 75,054 22 Brzeg County Brzeg 876,52 km2 92,361 23 Brzesko County Brzesko 590 km2 90,214 24 Brzeziny County Brzeziny 358,51 km2 30,600 25 Brzozow County Brzozow 540,39 km2 65,254 26 Busko County Busko-Zdroj 967.39 km2 73,940 27 Bydgoszcz city county 175 km2 364,953 28 Bydgoszcz County Bydgoszcz 1394,8 km2 95,773 29 Bytom city county 69,43 km2 187,205 30 Bytow County Bytow 2192,81 km2 75,313 31 Chelm city county 35,28 km2 67,989 32 Chelm County Chelm 1779,64 km2 79,991 33 Chelmno County
    [Show full text]
  • CRITICISE a NAME (Otherwise: Transposing AMERICAN CITIES)
    CRITICISE A NAME (otherwise: Transposing AMERICAN CITIES) Darryl Francis Brampton, Cumbria, England [email protected] On many occasions over the last five decades, Word Ways has published transposals of the names of US state capitals and a number of large US cities. But there has been no systematic attempt to find transposals for the names of all large cities in the US. For this article, I have sought transposals for the names of all US cities with populations over 100,000. When I began writing this article back in 2014, according to Wikipedia, there were 289 so-called “incorporated places” in the US with populations of over 100,000. My attempts at transposing these 289 city names are in the first table below. More recently, putting the finishing touches to this article in 2018, Wikipedia said there were now another 21 US cities with populations in excess of 100,000. My transposal attempts for these additional 21 city names are in the second table below. Here’s some technical stuff about what constitutes an “incorporated place”: According to the US Census Bureau, an incorporated place includes a variety of designations, including city, town, village, borough, and municipality. A few exceptional Census Designated Places (CDPs) are also included in the Census Bureau's listing of incorporated places. Consolidated city-counties represent a distinct type of government that includes the entire population of a county, or county equivalent. Some consolidated city-counties, however, include multiple incorporated places. Wikipedia’s list of incorporated places presents only that portion (or balance) of such consolidated city-counties that are not a part of another incorporated place.
    [Show full text]
  • BRC 18-2010-Druk(Wnetrze)
    Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 18: 1-82, 2010 BRC www.brc.amu.edu.pl 10.2478/v10119-010-0020-4 Distribution patterns, history, and dynamics of peatland vascular plants in Pomerania (NW Poland) Zofia Sotek Department of Botany and Nature Conservation, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Pomerania is rich in various peatlands (fens, transitional bogs, raised bogs, spring-water mires, etc.), which support many rare and threatened plant species. This study was aimed: (1) to determine the phytogeographic diversity of Pomeranian peatland vascular plants associated with the classes Oxycocco-Sphagnetea and Scheuchzerio-Caricetea nigrae; (2) to attempt a reconstruction of the history of their postglacial migrations; and (3) to assess the dynamic trends of selected species. A database of records of 83 Pomeranian peatland plants was created, and cartograms of their distribution in Pomerania were made. Each taxon was briefly described, considering its distribution, phytocoenotic spectrum, and biological properties (e.g. pollination mode, diaspores dispersal). The phytogeographic analysis took into account geographic and directional elements, as well as mountain species found in Pomeranian peatlands. The plantsí potential for colonization of new sites was assessed on the basis of Raunkiaerís life forms, modes of pollination and seed dispersal, and types of life strategies. As a result of numerical analysis and visual comparison of cartograms, 5 regional distributional types were distinguished: western, northern, eastern, all-Pome- ranian, and disjunct. Within the eastern and all-Pomeranian types, which showed internal variation, several subtypes were distinguished. Most of the considered climatic variables (growing season length, temperature, and precipitation variables) were found to affect significantly the floristic variation of Pomeranian peatlands.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied
    materials Article Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones Monika Aniszewska 1 , Arkadiusz Gendek 1 , Štˇepán Hýsek 2 , Jan Malat’ák 3 , Jan Velebil 4,* and Barbora Tamelová 3 1 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 164, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (A.G.) 2 Department of Wood Processing and Biomaterials, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 6, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; hyseks@fld.czu.cz 3 Department of Technological Equipments of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 6, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic; [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (B.T.) 4 Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Drnovska 507, Prague 6, 161 01 Prague, Czech Republic * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 24 November 2020; Accepted: 9 December 2020; Published: 11 December 2020 Abstract: The paper investigated the torrefaction of cones from three tree species: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies L.), and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.). The objective was to determine the effects of torrefaction temperature on the properties of cones with a view to their further use as a renewable energy source. Torrefaction was conducted at 200, 235, 275, and 320 ◦C for 60 min under an inert gas atmosphere. Elemental composition, ash content, and lower heating value (LHV) were measured for the original and torrefied samples. Torrefaction performance was evaluated using formulas for solid yield, higher heating value (HHV), HHV enhancement factor, as well as energy yield.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographical-Political Aspects of the Transborder Conservation of Natural and Cultural Heritage
    UNIVERSITY OF ŁÓDŹ Department of Political Geography and Regional Studies GOVERNMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE Silesian Institute in Opole SILESIAN INSTITUTE SOCIETY GEOGRAPHICAL-POLITICAL ASPECTS OF THE TRANSBORDER CONSERVATION OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE Borderlands and contemporary changes of the politics in border regions REGION AND REGIONALISM No. 12 vol. 1 edited by Marek Sobczyński and Andrzej Rykała Łódź–Opole 2015 REVIEWER prof. dr hab. Stanisław Koziarski prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Marszał MANAGING EDITOR Anna Araszkiewicz COVER Marek Jastrzębski MAPS AND FIGURES Anna Wosiak ENGLISH VERIFICATION BY Jarosław Sawiuk The publication co-financed from founds of the Faculty of Geographical Sciences of Łódź University ISBN 978-83-7126-311-8 PAŃSTWOWY INSTYTUT NAUKOWY – INSTYTUT ŚLĄSKI W OPOLU In memory of prof. Mariusz Kulesza, Head of the Department of Political Geography and Regional Studies, University of Lodz, who died prematurely on August 6, 2014 – a wonderful, unforgettable colleague and author of numerous articles published in various volumes of Region and Regionalism CONTENTS Foreword (Marek SOBCZYŃSKI and Andrzej RYKAŁA) .................................... 7 Pro memoria ............................................................................................................. 11 Section I INTEGRATION VS PERIPHERALITY – CHANGES IN BORDER REGIONS 17 Andrea USZKAI Social and economic relationships in the history of the Central-European region .. 19 Boštjan ROGELJ Western Balkans and the European Union enlargement process ............................
    [Show full text]