How To: Change the Start Button Text on Windows XP

How to: change the start button text on Windows XP

3 Sep, 2008 Beauty,, Featured,, General,, Tutorials

Haven’t posted many Windows XP tricks recently, so here’s one: How to change the start button on your Windows XP.

Tired of the boring old “start” button at the bottom left orner of your !indo"s #$%s monitor& !ant something ne" to replae iit& !ell here%s ho" to hange it'

!ith a fe" modifiations in the !indo"s (egistry, you an replae the “start” te)t "ith anything you li*e' Great for ahie+ing a ne", ustom loo* for your !indo"s #$' So let%s get started'

Warning: this tutorial is more for advanced users, and I'm not responsible if your system gets messed up. Only attempt the following at your own risk.

Step 1: Modify explorer.exe

f the "arning didn%t sare you enough, then the title of this step probably did' -es, "e are going to hange .)plorer, the ba*bone of your !indo"s #$, but don%t "orry' .+erything should be safe as long as you follo" the steps losely'

/s e)plorer is a binary file, "e need a speial tool to modify it' ne of the best ones for this purpose is (esoure 1a*er '' There are of ourse others that "ill get the tri* done, but "e "ill be using (1 this tutorial so  reommend installing it to a+oid ma*ing mista*es' nstall it and let%s ontinue'

 4endif5667 4endif5667 4endif5667/s al"ays before hanging anything' you "ant to ba* up' So open y 9omputer and na+igate to and loo* for e)plorer' 9opy paste it to a safe loation on your hard dri+e'

:o" that you%+e ba*ed it up, fire up (esoure 1a*er and find the same e)plorer'e)e' !hen you%+e found and opened e)plorer in (1, na+igate to String Table 67 3; 67 <033' The “start” +alue is on line =, after the >;8' 9hange the te)t “start” to anything you "ant, ma*ing sure you *eep the ?uotes' n this e)ample'  hanged the te)t to )ptri*s'net''

$ress the Compile cript button to ma*e (esoure 1a*er put together the ode' :o" li* File and Sa+e the sript as e)plorer'e)e' into C:C: @!:A!S@inf or another C:C: @!:A!S subfolder' 4endif5667 4endif5667 4endif5667 4endif5667 4endif5667 4endif5667

:ote ma*e sure you hoose Sae !S, :T Cust sa+e /nd that%s all for the first step :o" let%s mo+e onto the seond one 6modifying the registry'

Step ": changing the registry..

By no", you ha+e a modified e)plorer sitting in the DinfD subfolder, so "e need to tell !indo"s to use that one, instead of the original one still resting untouhed'

To do this, "e need to ma*e Cust one simple registry modifiation' To open up the registry, press start Esomething else soon  67 run and type regedit'

n the registry editor "indo" that opens, na+igate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\Microsoft\ Windows NT\ Currentersion\ Win!o"on and look for the registry entry “shell”. Click it.

9hange the e)plorer'e)e to infDe)plorer'e)e or "heree+er you sa+ed the modified e)plorer'

/nd belie+e it or not, you%re done /ll you ha+e to do no" is reboot or log out and ba in to see the hanges' .nCoy your ne" custo# Windows XP start button$ What is a feed%

2; /ug, 2008 Featured, ther

What is a feed%

f you%re used to surfing the internet and +ie"ing blogs, you probably already *no" "hat a feed is' f you don%t, then read on' / feed is basially "ay for a blog%s or "ebsite%s +isitor to subsribe to the site using a "eb page, feed reader or email to subsribe'

:e" posts are automatially deli+ered to the hosen subsription method so that the user an read ne" posts from their fa+orite topis "hene+er they are updated, "ithout ha+ing to surf from site to site loo*ing for ne" posts and updates'

!hat is an (SS feed&

&SS is the most ommon feed type' (SS stands for & eally Simple Syndiation'

t is a te)t6based #H format' The feed ontent is deli+ered to your fa+orite (SS feed reader' The most popular "eb6based (SS feed readers are Bloglines and Google (eader ' 1ere%s a list of !indo"s based (SS feed reader soft"are'

/part from (SS, the most popular feed type is /tom' t also uses #H to deli+er the feeds'

Subscribing to an &SS feed

Subsibing to a feed is pretty simple' Het%s "al* through the proess together'

Step 1: 'ind the &SS feed. ost blogs ha+e their feed ion at the top right area of the page, loo* for the orange feed ion or ! ' n this blog,  ha+e a ustom, blue (SS feed ion'

f you an%t find the feed ion on a blog EI0J of blogs ha+e it don%t "orry' ost feeds are at http:""www.e#ample.com /feed so try adding the Dfeed to the end of the blog%s adress' Ey feed is at )ptri*s'net(feed For blogs at blogspot'om, add feeds(posts(default to the end of their domain to find the feed' .)ample httpDDe)ample'blogspot'omDfeedsDpostsDdefault'

Step ": Subscribe. 9li* the feed ion and you%ll be ta*en to the feed page' From here you an hoose "hih feed reader to use'  reommend Google (eader' 9hoose your preferred reader and ontinue'

Step ): &ead' :o" you are subsribed to the feed' -ou should be redireted to your (SS feed reader and you an start reading feeds'

The !indo"s #$ tips K tri*s feed

1ere at )ptri*s'net, "e offer both an (SS feed and email updates Edeli+ered by Feedburmer' -ou an subsribe to our feed by li*ing the blue (SS feed ion at the top right orner of the page or inserting your email address into the bo) if you prefer to subsribe by email' This is probably the best "ay to subsribe, as you don%t e+en ha+e to +isit the feed reader site to +ie" the latest posts'

*o +ou &eally ,eed a &egistry Cleaner%

<= /ug, 2008 :e"s, Soft"are, Tutorials

This is a guest post by James Ricketts from www.-nstant&egistry'ixes.org

What Causes &egistry /rrors%

(egistry repair is an important aspet of any omputer repair proessLespeially "hen you are trying to fi) soft"are errors suh as AHH errors, rundll errors, *ernel32 errors, and errors due to +irus and spy"are infetions' Sine its introdution "ith the !indo"s I> operating system, the registry has been one of the most ruial omponents of your !indo"s omputer' /lthough, its features and struture has hanged "ith eah ne" operating system, its basi loo* and feel has remained the same'

The registry of a !indo"s system omprises all onfiguration information regarding soft"are and hard"are installed on your $9' Simply stated, the registry is the brain of your !indo"s system' .+ery appliation you open, e+ery onfiguration hange you ma*e, any file you aess, or !ebsite you open, basially anything and e+erything you do on your omputer has to onsult the registry before performing the desired ation' n the proess, a large number of information is added and remo+ed from the registry in Cust a fe" minutes' n due ourse, a large number of obsolete, un"anted, and redundant information aumulates in the registry' This lutters and fragments the registry and leads to its un"arranted gro"th' / large and luttered registry gets orrupted easily and "ill generate fre?uent system errors on the system'

How ! &egistry Cleaner Helps Aue to the large number of problems assoiated "ith the registry, and no speifi registry maintenane tool a+ailable "ithin !indo"s, a large number of third6party registry leaners ha+e beome a+ailable' / registry leaner frees the registry from all *inds of problems and help you "ith omputer repair' (egistry leaners automate the proess of registry lean up and repair, thereby helping you to restore your $9 to its original "or*ing state "ithout muh effort'

Msing a reliable registry leaner, the #$ registry an be easily sanned thoroughly for errors and all un"anted, obsolete, and inorret information an be remo+ed from it' /lmost all registry leaners pro+ide you "ith t"o "ays to deal "ith registry errors' f you are a no+ie user, you an use the automati san and repair option' Msing this option, you an let your registry leaner automatially searh for errors "ithin the registry and remo+e them' The seond method is manual' f you hoose this option, your registry leaner "ill still perform an automati san of the registry, but all the errors "ill be displayed on the sreen' -ou an san through the displayed errors and hoose the ones you "ant to delete and the ones you "ant to retain'

Aue to the importane of the registry in the "or*ing of your !indo"s omputer, it is important for you to maintain regular registry ba*ups' Fortunately, ma*ing registry ba*ups using a registry leaner is ?uite simple' any ad+aned registry leaners enable you to ma*e seleti+e registry ba*ups, or ba*ups of only that part of the registry "here you are going to ma*e a hange' The seleti+e ba*up option enables you to undo only a speifi hange "ithout affeting any other part of the registry'

ne of the best options that your registry leaner offers is the registry defragment tool' Msing this tool, you an ompress your registry to redue its file siNe' The tool also helps you re6inde) the registry files to ma*e them ontiguous' +erall, defragging helps in enhaning the data aess time, thus speeding up your $9'

any mal"are programs suh as spy"are, ad"are, and +iruses add non6remo+able embedded *eys "ithin the registry' These *eys are ?uite diffiult to detet, "hih ma*es the tas* of remo+ing mal"are from your system almost impossible' 1o"e+er, "ith an ad+aned registry leaner in hand, you an easily detet these maliious registry *eys and remo+e them from your system'

Thus, "ith a reliable and effiient registry leaner in hand, you an not only lean up the registry, but also optimiNe your omputer and *eep it free from troublesome errors' h, and he* out the blog of Aan :eumeister '

How to: isit passwordprotected websites without registering

2; /ug, 2008 Featured, Seurity, Tutorials, !ebsites !e all *no" ho" annoying it is "hen "e searh Google for something and the result "e are loo*ing for leads to a pass"ord proteted forum or site' -ou ha+e to register to +ie" ontent, but "ho li*es doing that&

Fortunately there is a solution to sa+e your time and email aount from spam 6 pretending to be Googlebot' For those of you that don%t *no", Googlebot is Google%s “spider” that ra"ls sites and inde)es them for Google%s searh results' ore about Googlebot' The o"ner of a pass"ord proteted site also "ants their site to be on Google, so they ma*e a separate aount on their site for Googlebot'

!e an use this small seurity hole and +isit a "ebsite pretending to be Googlebot' This "ay you are automatially logged into the site or forum and don%t need to enter any pass"ord or login info' Sounds good, doesn%t it& 1ere%s ho"

Step 1. f you%re not using it already, get Firefo) t%s a lot better than nternet .)plorer and here%s "hy'

Step ". Ao"nload and install the Mser /gent S"ither plugin for Firefo)'

Step ). (estart Firefo) to omplete the installation and go to $ools %& 'ser (gent witcher %& )ptions %& )ptions' n the "indo" that opens, selet the 'ser (gents tab and press (dd ' Step 0. /dd a ne" user agent' !rite *ooglebot for the desription and *ooglebot"+.- -http:""www.google.com"bot.html/0 in the Mser /gent bo) as sho"n abo+e' $ress O and you%re good to go

:o" you an +isit most pass"ord proteted sites and forums that appear on Google%s searh results' 1ere are a fe" to try

< httpDD"""'portaliN'omDforumDinde)'php&sho"topiP<;;80

2 httpDD"""'h=*y0u'orgD

How to: Mae 2fae3 tro4an co#puter irus$

< /pr, 2008 Featured, General, Seurity, Shortuts, Soft"are, Tutorials

*isclai#er: 5his a har#less 4oe. - tae no responsibility6 whatsoeer6 for the conse7uences.

There are se+eral *inds of fa*e +irus messages you an ma*e'  "ill disuss = of them

1. 'ae co#puter irus error #essage

This one is by far, the easiest and all you ha+e to do is to ma*e a ne" te)t doument "ith notepad, type msg 1 2)'! 34(*4 and sa+e as anything.bat. /s al"ays, ma*e sure that you selet (ll 5iles instead of $e#t 6ocument '

". 'orced shutdown tro4an. This will display a custom error message and start a countdown which will shut down the computer.

(ight6li* your des*top and create a new shortcut. Paste the following code into the Location box in the Create Shortcut menu: shutdown -s -t 30 -c “Your message here” Replace 3 with the length of the countdown you want !in seconds" and place your custom error message between the #uotes. Clic$ next and name the shortcut to something the %ictim would be li$ely to clic$ on such as &'nternet explorer( or &)y *ocuments(+ etc.

,ext you-d want to change the icon. Rightclic$ on the shortcut you made and clic$ properties. /ind the Change 'con button and clic$ it. Choose a suitable icon for the name you chose earlier.

0nd that-s all1 ,ow you 2ust ha%e to snea$ the shortcut onto the %ictim-s des$top and run1

:ote to stop it, open (un from the start menu and type shutdown-a.

). /ndless Co##and pro#pt windows tro4an This will open up a series of command prompt windows that will ne%er end. The basic idea is that there are two .bat files that open the other one when opened+ so the other one opens the first one again and the windows 2ust won-t stop coming.

1o" to do this <' Fire up notepad and type start +.bat 2' Sa+e it as .bat Ema*e sure you hoose all 5iles "hen sa+ing it 3' a*e another ne" te)t doument and type start .bat =' Sa+e it as +.bat into the sa#e folder as the other one.

0ll you ha%e to do to start it is to clic$ on either of them.

The only way to stop it is to wait for the windows to become so numerous that they are a group on the tas$bar. Then you can use Close group to get rid of the bastards.

0. 'ae Co##and pro#pt tro4an iruses This is also a good "ay to ma*e the +itim belie+e that a "orm is gna"ing at their hard dri+e and that they an%t do anything to stop it'

pen up notepad and type 7echo o55

• To ma*e te)t appear, type it after an eho tag' • To ha+e the the ommands "ait for the user to press any *ey type pause

 :ote if you "rite pause &nul it "on%t display Press (ny key to continue8

• To ha+e a omplete high6speed desription of files in the dri+e of the 'bat file, type dir "s • -ou an also initiate any other ommand "e o+ered earlier, suh as shutdo"n, error message, et'

/nd "hy no inlude all of these in one fa*e +irus&

For e)ample

 an%t post the bath files here, as sharing 'bat files o+er the internet is illegal' a*e sure you don%t do anything stupid "ith these tips' 5op 8 Windows XP syste# tools

2= /pr, 2008 Featured, (e+ie"s, Soft"are

-our #$, Cust li*e any other, "ill tend to beome sluggish o+er time' To help itself, it has se+eral built6in tools and programs that you an use' %ll sho" you the > most useful ones'

<' The Hoal Group $oliy .ditor

Suh a pity this tool only e)ists on !indo"s #$ $rofessional, as this lets you ustomiNe Cust about e+erything on your $9' To open it, go to Start 7

(un, and type gpedit'ms

The Group $oliy .ditor is muh easier to use than the registry, and pretty muh anyone an understand it' -ou need to ha+e a !indo"s #$ $rofessional omputer and admin pri+ileges to use it though' (ead ore''

2' Ais* Aefragmenter

This useful tool lets you fi) any fragmented dri+es on your p' Aefragmenting helps a+oid file orruption and speeds up aessing files on the hard dri+e' To defragment a dri+e, go to Start & (ll Programs &(ccessories & ystem $ools & 6isk 6e5ragmenter '

9hoose the hard dri+e you "ant and press 6e5ragment. Aepending on ho" fragmented the dri+e is, this might ta*e a long time' t%s a good idea to lea+e your $9 on for the night to do this' t%s also a good idea to automatially defrag files'

3' System (estore So you aidentally ati+ated a +irus or installed some spy"are& This is ho" to fi) the messed6up $9' System (estore lets you restore your settings and installed programs to any restore point, "hih is usually reated "hen installing a program or doing a maCor system hange' The system restore tool an be aessed from tart & (ll Programs & (ccessories & ystem $ools & ystem !estore' ore about System (estoreQ

=' (egistry .ditor

The registry editor lets you ustomiNe and hange e+erything there is on your p' t is a +ery ad+aned tool and diffiult to master' To open it, type regedit into the run bo) from the start menu' ore (egistry .ditor tipsQ

>' Ba*up or (estore

The ba*up D restore "iNard is a+ailable from tart & (ll Programs & (ccessories & ystem $ools & 9ackup'

t is li*e the System restore tool, but lets you ba* up or restore files instead of system settings' -ou should regularly ba* up your important files, as this is pretty muh the only "ay to get them ba* after an aidental deletion or dri+e orruption' -ou need a flash dis* or hard dri+e to sa+e the ba*up onto'

RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR 991. &e#oe MS, -nstant Messenger Progra# Some of us Cust dont li*e to use this  program'  myself ha+e loo*ed in the /ddD(emo+e $rogram panel and ant find any "ay to remo+e it there'  found out ho" to do it "ith a little researh' ust go to Start67(un and type in rundll32 setupapi,nstall1infSetion BH9'(emo+e <28 JSystem(ootJ@:F@msmsgs'inf and hit .:T.( ' Ao a opy and paste to a+oid typographial errors'

99". &e#oe -nternet /xplorer Co#pletely  !ll ersion of Windows irosoft said that remo+ing . may ma*e !indo"s unstable beause it has *ey omponents that ma*es !indo"s funtion properly' !ell, there is a "ay to remo+e it ompletely' Go to this site and get .radiator' any people ha+e used it before and remo+ed . "ith no problems after"ards'

99). Shutdown Windows 'aster /ll +ersions of !indo"s ha+e the same problem' t usually ta*es a little longer to shutdo"n "hen you ha+e the .)it Sound enabled' To disable this go to Start67Settings679ontrol $anel67Sounds and /udio Ae+ies67Sounds' Sroll do"n and loo* for .)it !indo"s' 9li* on it one and then under Sounds, hoose :one' -ou should see faster shutdo"n times'

990. Clean out files in Prefetch 'older There are files loated in the $refeth folder E9@!indo"s@$refeth that you may safely delete' These files are usually left there by other programs that "ere using' -ou an either manually delete them or use this bath file that  reated to do it' /ll you need to do is unNip the file alled prefeth'bat into your Aes*top and then double li* on it' -ou "ill see the ommand prompt ome up shortly and disappear' Thats it'

998. &e#oe te#porary files fro# 5e#p 'older -ou may ha+e notied that 'tmp files appear in the Temp folder E9@!indo"s@Temp' -ou may delete these files' Sine these files might be aessed by another program, its a good idea to delete these "hen you dont ha+e any programs open' ts best to do this right after you login to ensure that no programs are using it' f you dont "ant to bother going into that folder e+ery time to delete it, you an do"nload )pUdo"nloads'Nip "hih ontains a file alled delUtemp'bat' ust e)trat that file and double li* on it to run it'

99. !dd progra#s(folders to Send5o #enu !hen you right li* on a fileDfolder and hoose SendTo, you "ill get a list of programsDfolders to send it to' Hets Cust say that you "ant to add or delete one of your o"n programsDfolders' This ould be aomplished +ery easily' ust na+igate to 9@Aouments and Settings@yourUusername@SendTo' n this folder you may add or delete any programDfolder shortuts' /ll you need to do is right li* on the program you "ant to add, and drag and drop Ehoose 9reate Shortuts 1ere it into the SendTo folder'

99;. Mae XP stop displaying

To disable this in #$, go to Start67(un and type in regs+r32 Du Nipfldr'dll' -ou may Cust opy and paste the ommand into the (un menu' f you "ant to undo it, Cust type in regs+r32 Nipfldr'dll' Vip a"ay' 99=. How to Create a Password &eset *is !indo"s #$ allo"s you to reate a pass"ord reset dis*, Cust in ase you forget the pass"ord and ant login' This is only for omputers that are not on a domain' Those that are on a domain may or may not "or* the same "ay'

Go to Start679ontrol $anel67Mser /ounts and li* on your username' Mnder (elated Tas*s on the left pane, li* $re+ent a forgotten pass"ord' / "iNard "ill sho" up' 9li* ne)t and then insert a floppy dis* into your floppy dri+e and hoose to sa+e the reset dis* on the floppy'

.nter your urrent pass"ord and then li* :e)t and Finish' The floppy "ill no" ontain your enrypted pass"ord' f you forget your pass"ord, you an Cust use the $ass"ord (eset !iNard to reate a ne" one' ust ma*e sure to reate another reset dis* one you hanged your pass"ord' So if you forgot your pass"ord and hanged it to a ne" one, reate another reset dis* by repeating the abo+e proedure again'

99>. Set ?ser @ogon Hours -ou an restrit a ertain user to only use the omputer at a ertain time inter+al' Hets say you ha+e a username alled Bill and you "ant Bill to aess the omputer only from I/ 6 I$ from onday through Friday' -ou an do this by going to Start67(un and type in net user Bill Dtime6 F,Iam6Ipm' For 2=6hour time, you an replae the time "ith 0I0062<00 instead' This "ill only allo" the user to login during those hours on those days'

919. *isable XP Messenger Serice Aisable the messenger ser+ie built into !indo"s #$ to pre+ent ads or other popups from oming up "hen using utloo* Eand maybe e+en utloo* .)press' /ny"ay, Cust disable it for better performane' To disable it, right li* on y 9omputer67anage67Ser+ies and /ppliations6 7Ser+ies and right li* on essenger and hoose Stop' This "ill stop the ser+ie' There may be ases "hen the essenger Ser+ie is re?uired for some programs to run properly, so if thats the ase,  "ould set it to anual instead of Stop'

911. Custo#i

91". *isable Personali

91). ?sing XP Syste# &estore ne important feature in #$ is System (estore' This ma*es a ba*up of your data' To reate the restore points go to Start67/ll $rograms67/essories67System Tools67System (estore' 9li* 9reate a restore point and li* :e)t' Type in a desription for the restore point and li* 9reate' -oure all set' f your system fails for some reason you may use the restore point by hitting the F8 *ey repeatedly during boot time until a menu omes up' 9hoose Hast *no"n good onfiguration' This "ill restore e+erything to the last time "hen e+erything "as "or*ing o*' ts using the most reent restore point that you reated' f you an get into !indo"s #$, you an go to Start67/ll $rograms67/essories67System Tools67System (estore'

910. Clear Syste# &estore Points System restore points an ta*e up a huge amount of spae due to the many restore points reated' -ou an delete all these restore points by right li*ing on y 9omputer67$roperties67System (estore and he* Turn off System (estore on all dri+es' Then ma*e sure to reate them again manually for eah dri+e using the method abo+e EMsing #$ System (estore' That "ill get rid of the older restore points and lea+e you "ith the ne" and updated one'

918. *isable(&e#oe Hibernation Mode The hibernation file "hih allo"s a user to use hibernation mode ta*es up a lot of spae' f you use this feature you are alloatingDreating spae so that "hen you ome ba* e+erything Eprograms and folders are still open' f you dont use it that muh then theres not muh sense *eeping it' So you may remo+e it' Go to Start679ontrol $anel67$o"er ptions671ibernate tab and unhe* .nable hibernation' That should remo+e the atual hibernation file' -ou may double he* by doing a Searh EF3 *ey and searh for hiberfil'sys in the 9 dri+e' t shouldnt be found, but if it is, you may safely delete it'

91. *isable -ndexing Serice Speed up #$ by turning off the nde)ing Ser+ie for your hard dri+e' This feature is used to ma*e your searhing needs faster, but its affeting the o+erall performane so its best to turn it off' Go to y 9omputer and right li* on the dri+e that you "ant the feature to be disabled' 9hoose $roperties and unhe* the bo) "here it says /llo" nde)ing Ser+ie to inde) this dis* for fast file searhing' !hen a bo) ome up hoose to /pply to all folders and subfolders'

91;. &ena#e Multiple 'iles This is something ne" in !indo"s #$ 6 renaming multiple files' Hets say you ha+e a huge photo olletion and "ant to name them in se?uential order' -ou an do this +ery easily' ust selet all the photos you "ant to rename Eyou may use the trl *ey and li* on indi+idual files if desired' Then hit the F2 *ey and type in the name of the file' 1it .nter' t should all rename' So if you entered Waation$hoto, you "ill ha+e Waation$hoto E<, Waation$hoto E2, Waation$hoto E3, et'

91=. &einstall Windows XP Without &epeating Anline !ctiation This has probably happened to most of us already' !e ha+e #$ installed already and "hen "e reinstall it, "e are as*ed to go online and ati+ate it again' -ou an a+oid doing that by ba*ing up a +ery small file that has the ati+ation information' Before you do this, *eep in mind that your hard"are should be the same as before "hen you ati+ated in order for this to definitely "or*' Go to 9@!indo"s@System32 and loo* for "pa'dbl' 9opy that file to a floppy' /fter you finished reinstalling #$, Cust rename the urrent "pa'dbl file in 9@!indo"s@System32 to something li*e "pa'old' A. Videoguys top WinXP tips

1. Make sure you have Win XP drivers for ALL your hardware and software.

The key word here is ALL. It only takes one outdated or not ready for XP driver to kill your XP systems performance. Worse yet, you could crash or lock up. You really want to do your homework BEFORE you install XP. Here are a few steps that willt ake some time, but save you hours of frustration in the long run: 1. Go to your motherboard vendor's website and make sure you are running a chipset and BIOS that will support XP. 2. If necessary update your BIOS before doing anything else. 3. Make sure your graphics, sound, network, mass storage controller and modem allha ve WinXP drivers. Get these drivers from the Vendors websites directly. We do not recommend letting WInXP install it's own drivers. These may be fine for websurfing and spreadsheets, but desk top video demands maximum performance. 4. Get your system up and running with ALL drivers approved for XP. 5. Get the latest WinXP drivers for your video editing gear. X' If there isn't an official driver for XP yet, check and see how other users are gettting along with the old Win2K driver or new XP beta drivers.Only experienced users should try this.

2. You need to login to Windows® XP as the Power-User or Administrator

in order to install and or run most of our products. We recommend setting up a Power User account. Here is how to create a Power User Account: a. Right-click My Computer, Choose Manage , Click system tools , Click LocalU sers and Groups b. Right-click Users, and then choose New User from the Context menu. c. New user Dialog, Type info, Click Create, then click Close. d. Click Users , Double-click New User Icon, The Username properties dialog box appears. e. Click the Member Of tab, and Click Add f. Type in Power Users, then Click the Check Names button g. Click OK.

Adding Special Privileges to the Power User Account: h. ControlP anel>Performance and Maintenance>Administrative Tools i. Double Click Local Security Policy, Click on Local Policies, Double Click User Rights Assignment, Double click Increasing Scheduling Priority. j. ClickA ddU sero rG roupb utton,T ypet hen ameo fth eU serth aty ouw antto b ea blet o access XPDV, Click Check names , Click OK, Click OK again. 2. Just like Win2K,X P likes RAM.

We recommend a minimum of 256 for XP, and with RAM so cheap, get 512!!! 3. Give Xpress DV fulluse of your system resources

XP allows you to give programs priority for processor and memory usage. Here is how you do it. a. Right-click on the My Computer icon, select Advances, click the Performance "Settings" button, you'll see a new tab Visual Eﬀects and then An Advanced tab. b. Click Advanced tab and you willno tice A section that says Processor Scheduling and Memory usage. c. In the Processor scheduling select Programs (for Best Performance). This gives priority for running programs (like Premiere, Xpress DV, Edition etc.). d. Now on Memory usage select Programs. Again this gives programs priority to run programs from you memory. e. Now hit Apply and go to item #5 before closing out and re-booting. 4. Make sure Visual Eﬀects are set to "Best Performance"

VisuaL Effects are the fancy new animations XP uses for opening and closing windows and dialog boxes on your VGA screen. These effects waste valuable system resources and they can conflict with the XDV GUI. Here is how to turn them off. a. Right-click on the My Computer icon, select Advances, click the Performance "Settings" button, you'll see a new tab Visual Effects and then An Advanced tab. b. Click the Visual Effects tab. Once there select adjust for best performance. This will allow the best format for processing performance of your video desktop display. c. Once completed hit Apply and proceed to close out and reboot (select yes) if prompted to. 5. Enable Clear Type

This makes a noticeable impact on 2D performance and the view is great. Contrary to some reports it is not designed just for LCD screens. To turn this on a. Right click on a blank area of the Desktop and choose Properties -Click on the Appearance Tab; b. Click Eﬀects - Check the box: Use the following method to smooth edges of screen fonts. c. In the drop down box select: Clear Type.

B. Cool XP extras

 Techtv.com Windows XP Tip: Device Driver Rollback One of XP's new features is the Device Driver Rollback. With this feature you ﬁnally have the option to quickly go back to a previous version of a device driver if the updated driver causes problems. When you update a driver, the old one will be saved to a special directory in Windows. You won't have the option to roll back a driver if you've never updated it. Since every device has the ability to roll back its driver, you're going to need to access your Device Manager to do this. Here's how to access the Driver Rollback feature for a particular device inside the Device Manager: a. Left-click the Start menu and then select Control Panel. b. Double-click the Performance and Maintenance icon. c. Double-click the System icon. d. Click the Hardware tab. e. Click the Device Manager button to open the Device Manager. f. Expand the device menu you'd like to roll back. g. Locate the device you'd like to roll back and double-click it to bring up its properties. h. When you launch the properties for a particular device, click on the Driver tab. i. Click the button labeled "Roll Back Driver" to complete the process.

 Here are 12 handy shortcutsyou can type into your XP run menu to get the utilities you want and need. 1. compmgmt.msc Computerm anagement 2. devmgmt.msc Device manager 3. diskmgmt.msc Disk management 4. dfrg.msc Disk defrag 5. eventvwr.msc Event viewer 6. fsmgmt.msc Shared folders 7. gpedit.msc Group policies 8. lusrmgr.msc Local users and groups 9. perfmon.msc Performance monitor 10.rsop.msc Resultant set of policies 11.secpol.msc Local security settings 12.services.msc Services

 Microsoft PowerToys for Windows XP PowerToys are additional programs that developers work on after a product has been released to manufacturing. They add fun and functionality to the Windows experience! o Super-Fast User Switcher With this PowerToy you can switch between users without having to go through the Logon screen. o Open Command Window Here This PowerToy adds an "Open Command Window Here" context menu option on file system folders, giving you a quick way to open a command window (cmd.exe) pointing at the selected folder. o Alt-Tab Replacement With this PowerToy, in addition to seeing the icon of the application window you are switching to, you will also see a preview of the page. This helps particularly when multiple sessions of an application are open. o Tweak UI o This PowerToy gives you access to system settings that are not exposed in the Windows XP default user interface, including mouse settings, Explorer settings, taskbar settings, and more. o Power Calculator With this PowerToy you can graph and evaluate functions as well as perform many different types of conversions. o Image Resizer This PowerToy enables you to resize one or many image files with a right-click. o CD Slide Show Generator With this PowerToy you can view images burned to a CD as a slide show. The Generator works downlevel on Windows 9x machines as well. o VirtualD esktop Manager Manage up to four desktops from the Windows taskbar with this PowerToy. o Taskbar Magnifier Use this PowerToy to magnify part of the screen from the taskbar. o HTML Slide Show Wizard This wizard helps you create an HTML slide show of your digital pictures, ready to place on your Web site. o Webcam Timershot This PowerToy lets you take pictures at specified time intervals from a Webcam connected to your computer and save them to a location that you designate.

Download PowerToys here

C.W in XP Issues  WinXp product activation is no big deal. When XP ﬁrst started shipping there was lots of talk about the product activation. We feel this is a non-issue. Activating WinXP is a painless process. If you rebuild your computer often, or add and remove hardware several times, you may have a smallpr oblem re- activating WinXP. If this happens a quick call into Microsoft will get you a new activation code with little or no hassle at all.

 Don't upgrade over your old OS, install fresh. Yes, this will take more time and require you to re-format your hard drive and re-install all your hardware and software. DO IT! Back up all your important ﬁles and data ﬁrst. Just as with the past 3 OS releases, upgrading your existing system is nothing but bad news for digital videographers.

 We have seen that almost half of the tech support problems our users are running into are graphic card related. You need to make sure that you are running the very latest OEM drivers with XP support for your card. Almost every graphic card on the market is now based on technology from the big 3 players - NVidia, ATI & Matrox. Find out which chipset is in your card and go to these sites to download the latest drivers.

D. Dave Laborde's TWEAKS for Windows XP for Video Editing (v 1.0)

Gary, Well I guess just in time for Christmas > I finished a TWEAK guide for Windows XP utilized for Video Editing. I have been digging and playing with XP for a few weeks now. The document is a bit long but I think much more simplistic to follow than previous ones. I eliminated pictures (to cut down on length) as I think most changes are quite explanatory. I utilize quite a bit of space (7 pages) to explain the differences and features of WinXP. I think a lot of false statements and opinions are out there. The actual TWEAKS / optimizations number 21 they are contained in 10 pages alone. The first 3 items are taken from Win 2K guide but have a slight modification for two of them. I also found something's done in Win 2K were not productive for Win XP with regards to editing card / editing suite interface, etc.. The document is 26 pages long. I really don't think there is much information that is not pertinent (other than intro of 7 pages). Like I always say - attention and success is in the details. I also felt I had to structure it for "rookies" and needed to ensure things were clear so they would be done right. Anyway look over it, give them a try and if you want to post on your site you have my permission. Regards, David LaBorde

Do servisa dolazite tako da kliknete na Start - Run i upišete SERVICES.MSC i kliknete na O.

Ova! pregled va" donosi infor"aci!e o svako" po!edino" servisu# n!egovo! funkcionalnosti te servisi"a o ko!i"a !e ovisan t!. $ez ko!ih ne "o%e funkcionirati. &ogu'e !e da na se na vaše" ra(unalu ne nalaze svi navedeni servisi# ova! nesklad posto!i z$og razlika iz"e)u *o"e i +rofessional verzi!e ,indosa.

Alerter O$av!eštava korisnike o slan!u ad"inistrativne uz$une. orisno sa"o u slu(a!u kada !e ra(unalo dio ve'e ra(unalne "re%e. ko va" !e ra(unalo sa"ostalna radna stanica ili spo!ena u "an!i /0 1/okalna "re%a2 slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

Application Layer Gateway Service +ru%a podršku za 3nternet Connection Sharing i 3nternet Connection 4ireall. +a ako koristite ove funkci!e postavite ova! servis da se auto"atski pokre'e# u suprotno" ga one"ogu'ite.

Application Management oristi se za dod!el!ivan!e# o$!avl!ivan!e i $risan!e softvera. Ova! servis postavite na "anual. Automatic Updates +rov!erava da li su raspolo%ive nove zakrpe za ,indose# te u slu(a!u da su raspolo%ive o$av!eštava vas. 5edini pro$le" kod ovog servisa !e što pro)e dosta vre"ena od o$!ave zakrpe pa do trenutka dok vas ova! servis o$avi!esti da !e nova zakrpa raspolo%iva. Stoga !e $ol!e ova! servis one"ogu'iti i zakrpe skidati ru(no sa indosupdate."icrosoft.co". 6 slu(a!u da se odlu(ite na korišten!e ovog servisa postavite ga na auto"atsko pokretan!e i o"ogu'ite Cryptographic Services !er !e o n!e"u ovisan.

ac!ground Intelligent "rans#er Service Ova! servis koristi ,indos 6pdate. Svrha "u !e da ako ti!eko" skidan!a zakrpe iskl!u(ite7resetirate vaše ra(unalo nakon ponovne pri!ave na sustav 6pdate se nastavi ta"o gd!e !e stao t!. ne ide ispo(etka. ko ne koristite uto"atic 6pdates odnosno skidate zakrpe ru(no slo$odno one"ogu'ite ova! servis. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call i ,orkstation servisi"a. Clipoo! O"ogu'u!e raz"!enu cut7paste o$!ekata iz"e)u ra(unala povezanih u "re%i. 3&*O $eskorisno# slo$odno one"ogu'ite. 6 slu(a!u da i"ate razloga koristiti ova! servis onda o"ogu'ite i 0etork DD8 !er !e o n!e"u ovisan.

C$M% Event System +otre$an za aplikaci!e ko!e koriste CO&9. o!e aplikaci!e koriste ova! servis pogleda!te u C:;+rogra" 4iles;Co"+lus pplications.

C$M% System Application 3sto kao za CO&9 8vent Syste"

Computer rowser Odr%ava listu ra(unala i resursa na veliki" "re%a"a. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite ova! servis ako !e vaše ra(unalo sa"ostalno ili u "an!o! "re%i !er i dok !e ova! servis one"ogu'en "o%ete potpuno funkcionalno koristiti "re%u. Ovisi o Server i ,orkstation servisi"a.

Cryptograp&ic Services +otvr)u!e digitalne potpise ,indos datoteka# i koristi ga uto"atic 6pdates# no u ostali" situaci!a"a !e nepotre$an# pa ga postavite na "anual. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

'(C) Client +ri"a dina"i(ku 3+ adresu od D*C+ servera. Ova! servis postavite na &anual ako se spa!ate na 3nternet# u suprotno" ga "o%ete one"ogu'iti. Ovisi o 4D 0etorking Support 8nviron"ent# 0et

'istri*uted Lin! "rac!ing Client 6 slu(a!u da ra(unalo < napravi shortcut na datoteku na ra(unalu  i ra(unalo  pro"i!eni lokaci!u datoteke  tada 'e ova! servis !aviti ra(unalu < kako !e adresa pro"i!en!ena. orisno u veliki" "re%a"a# u suprotno" one"ogu'ite. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call

'istri*uted "ransaction Coordinator

'+S Client +revodi i >kešira> D0S i"ena. Ova! servis !e potre$an sa"o ako koristite 3+S8C. Slo$odno ga postavite na "anual.

Error Reporting Service +ri!avl!u!e &icrosoftu kada se odre)ena aplikaci!a sruši. One"ogu'ite sa zadovol!stvo" :22. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

Event Log O"ogu'u!e prikaz poruka u 8vent ?ieeru ko!i !e vrlo koristan kada r!ešavate neki pro$le" na ra(unalu. Ova! servis postavite da se auto"atski pokre'e.

,ast User Switc&ing Compati*ility sistira aplikaci!a"a ko!e se ne snalaze u višekorisni(ko" okru%en!u. ko na ra(unalu ne"ate puno 1"an!e od @A2 korisni(kih ra(una slo$odno one"ogu'ite ova! servis. Ovisi o =er"inal Services.

,a- Service +odrška za faksiran!e. +odrazu"i!evano se ne instalira# ali "o%ete !e dodati pute" dd7Re"ove ,indos Co"ponents Ovisi o +lug and +lay# +rint Spooler# Re"ote +rocedure Call i =elephony servisi"a.

,") )u*lis&ing Service +odrška za 4=+ server. 0e instalira se podrazu"i!evano# ve' se "o%e naknadno instalirati pute" dd7Re"ove ,indos Co"ponents ako %elite stvoriti 4=+ server. Ovisi o 33S d"in sevisu.

(elp and Support Ova! servis koriste &icrosoft online help doku"enti. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

(uman Inter#ace 'evice Access oriste ure)a!i ko!i na se$i pos!edu!u dodatne hotkey funkci!e npr. skeneri sa faB7copy kontrola"a. ko pos!edu!ete neki takav ure)a! postavite pokretan!e servisa na auto"atsko# u suprotno" one"ogu'ite. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu

IIS Admin 0e instalira se podrazu"i!evano# ali "o%ete ga naknadno instalirati pute" dd7Re"ove ,indos Co"ponents. oristi se u suradn!i sa lokalni" e$ i ftp servisi"a. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call i Security ccounts &anager servisi"a.

IMA)I C'urning C$M Service Slu%i za sni"an!e cd-a iz sa"og shell-a indosa. 1drag  drop2. 6 slu(a!u da ne koristite ovu funkci!u ve' cd-e sni"ate po"o'u speci!aliziranog softvera 1npr. 0ero2 slo$odno one"ogu'ite ova! servis. 6 suprotno" ga postavite na "anual.

Inde-ing Service reira indekse na disku radi $r%eg pretra%ivan!a# no to radi na vrlo loš na(in tako da zauzi"a dosta resursa i zna se pokrenuti dok radite pa va" usporiti ra(unalo na razinu EF. One"ogu'ite sa zadovol!stvo" :22 Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

Internet Connection ,irewall and Internet Connection Så O"ogu'u!e da više ra(unala pristupa 3nternetu preko !edne "ode"ske lini!e# te ugra)eni Greall. 6 slu(a!u da koristite speci!alizirani softver za ove na"!ene slo$odno one"ogu'ite ova! servis# u suprotno" ga postavite na "anual. Ovisi o pplication /ayer Hateay Service# 0etork Connections# 0etork /ocation areness# Re"ote ccess Connection &anager servisi"a.

I)SEC Services ontrolira 3+ siguronosni certiGkat. Ia pros!e(nog korisnika ovo !e nepotre$no. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

Logical 'is! Manager ?italan za rad Disk &anage"ent &&C konzole. +okretan!e servisa postavite na "anual. Ovisi o +lug and +lay# Re"ote +rocedure Call servisi"a.

Logical 'is! Manager Administrative Service 3sto kao za /ogical Disk &anager.

Messenger Jal!e poruke iz"e)u servera i kli!enta. Ova! servis se ne odnosi na &S0 &essanger. Ia pros!e(nog korisnika neva%no. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

MS So#tware S&adow Copy )rovider oristi se u suradn!i sa ?olu"e Shado Copy serviso". Ova! servis koristi &S

+et Login oristi se za pri!avu na Do"ain Controller. ko !e vaše ra(unalo dio velike "re%e postavite na uto"atic# u suprotno" one"ogu'ite servis. Ovisi o ,orkstation servisu.

+etMeeting Remote 'es!top Så O"ogu'u!e korisniku da pristupi vaše" ra(unalu pute" 0et&eetinga. Svakako one"ogu'ite ova! servis !er predstavl!a veliki sigurnosni rizik.

+etwor! Connections Slu%i op'enito za "re%no povezivan!e. ko vaše ra(unalo ni!e spo!eno na nikakvu vrstu "re%e one"ogu'ite servis# u suprotno" svakako postavite na uto"atic.

+etwor! ''E oristi za dina"i(ku raz"!enu podataka u "re%i. O"ogu'ite sa"o ako koristite Clip

+etwor! ''E 'S'M 3sto kao za 0etork DD8# Ovisi o 4D 0etorking Support 8nviron"ent i =C+73+ +rotocol Driveru.

+etwor! Location Awareness +otre$no sa"o za rad 3nternet Connection Sharing servisa.

+" LM Security Support )rovider 0epotre$no# osi" ako koristite &essage Kueuing ili vodite =elnet server.

)er#ormance Logs and Alerts +rikupl!a podatke o perfor"ansa"a ra(unala i spre"a ih. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

)lug and )lay O$avezno postavite na uto"atic.

)orta*le Media Serial +um*er Lita seri!ski $ro! iz pri!enosnih glaz$enih ure)a!a npr. "pM player. 5ednostavno one"ogu'ite.

)rint Spooler ontrolira poslove ispisa. ko i"ate pisa( ili se spa!ate na "re%ni pisa( svakako postavite ova! servis na uto"atic. 6 suprotno" ga one"ogu'ite. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

)rotected Storage Spre"a lozinke korištene pri pri!avi na e$ stranice# dial up veze i sl. ko ne %elite (uvati lozinke iz sigurnosnih razloga one"ogu'ite ova! servis# a ako va" se ne da upisivati lozinke svaki put postavite ga na uto"atic. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

/oS RSV) ontrolira "re%ni pro"et pute" 3+S8C-a i apliakci!a ko!e podr%ava!u KoS. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

Remote Access Auto Connection Manager uto"atski otvara vezu sa 3nterneto" kad neki progra" to zatra%i. One"ogu'ite sa zadovol!stvo" :22 Ovisi o Re"ote ccess Connection &anager i =elephony servisi"a.

Remote Access Connection Manager Otvara vezu sa 3nterneto". +ostavite na auto"atsko pokretan!e.

Remote 'es!top (elp Session Manager ontrolira rad Re"ote ssistance-a. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite i uštedite  &< R&-a. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

Remote )rocedure Call Servis vitalan za rad ko"pletnog ra(unala. O$avezno postavite na uto"atic.

Remote )rocedure Call Locator ontrolira $azu podataka Re"ote +rocedure Call -a. +ostavite na "anual.

Remote Registry Service +odrška za pristup udal!eno" registry-u. One"ogu'ite iz siguronosnih razloga.

Remova*le Storage otrolira rad iz"!en!ivih ure)a!a kao npr. $ackup traka. 6 slu(a!u da ne koristite takav ure)a! slo$odno postavite na "anual ili one"ogu'ite.

Routing and Remote Access O"ogu'u!e spa!an!e ra(unala na ?+0 "re%u pute" "ode"a. 6koliko se ne spa!ate na takvu "re%u one"ogu'ite servis iz sigurnosnih razloga. Ovisi o 0et<3OSHroup i Re"ote +rocedure Call servisi"a.

Secondary Logon O"ogu'u!e pokretan!e procesa 1progra"a2 pod drugi" privilegi!a"a. 0pr. ad"inistrator "o%e pokrenuti neku aplikaci!u# za ko!u trenutno aktivan korisnik ne"a dovol!no prava. O(itu!e se kao >Run as...> stavka u kontekstualno" iz$orniku.

Security Accounts Manager 6pravl!a podaci"a o lokalni" korisni(ki" ra(uni"a. +ostavite na auto"atic. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

Server O"ogu'ava korišten!e vašeg pisa(a pute" "re%e. ko ne tre$ate ovu funkci!u slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

S&ell (ardware 'etection oristi za autoplay ure)a!a kao što su "e"ori!ske kartice i sl. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite ako ne koristite takav ure)a!. ko koristite laptop ostavite na uto"atic.

Smart Card +ru%a podršku za identiGkaci!u pute" S"artCard-a. ko ne pos!edu!ete ova! ure)a! slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

Smart Card (elper ao i za S"art Card servis.

SS') 'iscovery Service Otkriva u+0+ ure)a!e na lokalno! "re%i. +ostavite na uto"atic.

System Event +oti0cation O$av!eštava servise o razli(iti" doga)a!i"a u sustavu# kao npr. /ogon ili Stand

System Restore Service Syste" restore u zadani" trenutku kreira sliku sustava i po"o'u n!ega !e nakon eventualne havari!e povratiti sustva u prethodno stan!e. 6 praksi ova! sustav ne funkcionira $aš savršeno# i zauzi"a dosta resursa tako da ga "o%ete slo$odno one"ogu'iti. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

"as! Sc&eduler

"C)1I) +etI$S (elper Service +odrška za 0et<3OS pute" =C+73+-a. Ovisi o 4D 0etorking Support 8nviron"ent i 0et

"C)1I) )rinter Server 0e instalira se podrazu"i!evano# a slu%i za rad 603N print servera. Ovisi o +rint Spooler i =C+73+ +rotocol Driveru.

"elep&ony ontrolira >telefonske> ure)a!e na ra(unalu i potre$no !e za ostvaren!e "ode"ske veze pre"a 3nternetu. Ovisi o +lug and +lay i Re"ote +rocedure Call servisi"a.

"elnet O"ogu'ava telnetiran!e udal!enog kli!enta na lokalno ra(unalo. One"ogu'ite iz sigurnosnih razloga. Ovisi o 0= /& Security Support +rovider# Re"ote +rocedure Call i =C+73+ +rotocol Driveru.

"erminal Services O"ogu'u!e spa!an!e udal!enog korisnika na lokalno ra(unalo. Ova! servis koriste Re"ote Desktop i 4ast user sitching. One"ogu'ite iz sigurnosnih razloga. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

"&emes +odrška za novi izgled ,indosa. One"ogu'ite ako vas novi izgled ,indosa ne privla(i.

Uninterrupti*le )ower Supply +odrška za $esprekidno napa!an!e. 3nteresantna !e (in!enica kako dosta 6+S-ova radi i $ez potpore ovog servisa te ga stoga slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

Universal )lug and )lay 'evice (ost Detektira i konGgurira u+0+ ure)a!e u vašo! lokalno! "re%i. Ovisi o SSD+ Discovery Servisu.

Upload Manager ?rši raz"!enu podataka iz"e)u servera i kli!enta. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

Volume S&adow Copy oristi se u suradn!i sa &S

2indows Audio Ova! servis !e vitalan ako %elite (uti $ilo kakav zvuk iz vašeg ra(unala. +ostavite na uto"atic. Ovisi o +lug and +lay i Re"ote +rocedure Call servisi"a.

2indows Image Ac3uisition oriste ga neki skeneri# e$ ka"ere i sl. ure)a!i. ko pos!edu!ete ure)a! ko!i !e ovisan o ovo" servisu o"ogu'ite ga# u suprotno" ga one"ogu'ite. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

2indows Installer Ova! servis !e potre$an za instalaci!u aplikaci!a ko!e se instalira!u pute" ."si datoteka. +ostavite pokretan!e servisa na "anual. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

2indows Management Instrumentation ?italan servis# !ednostavno ga postavite na uto"atic. Ovisi o 8vent /og i Re"ote +rocedure Call servisi"a.

2indows Management Instrumentation 'river E-tension 0i!e vitalno kao ,&3# ali ga sve!edno postavite na "anual.

2indows "ime Ova! servis se# ako !e o"ogu'en# spa!a na 3nternet i uga)a vaš sat pre"a ato"sko" satu. Slo$odno one"ogu'ite.

2ireless 4ero Con0guration +odrška za rad u $e%i(no! "re%i. ko niste dio takve slo$odno one"ogu'ite ova! servis. Ovisi o 0D3S 6ser"ode 37O +rotocol i Re"ote +rocedure Call servisi"a.

2MI )er#ormance Adapter Svrha trenutno nepoznata. Hlavna karakteristika da uzi"a do F &< siste"ske "e"ori!e :22 +ostavite na "anual ili one"ogu'ite. Ovisi o Re"ote +rocedure Call servisu.

2or!station Slu%i za spa!an!e lokalnog ra(unala na "re%u# postavite na auto"atic.

2orld 2ide 2e* )u*lis&ing Service O"ogu'u!e postavl!an!e vlastitog e$ servera. 0e instalira se podrazu"i!evano# ali se "o%e naknadno instalirati. Ovisi o 33S d"in servisu. I5rada &i*ridnog 2in 6) C'a s integriranim Service )ac!om 7

?e'ina se korisnika snalazi u instaliran!u ogro"ne ,indos N+ S+ nadogradn!e# naravno uz potre$nu dozu opreza 1napravl!en puni $ackup ili i"age# (itan!e svih &icrosoftovih predinstalaci!skih sav!eta2. Da $iste iz$!egli svu tu nepotre$nu ko"plikaci!u krpan!a i nadogradn!e nakon instaliran!a ,indosa# dat 'e"o va" sav!et kako nadograditi N+-ov CD tako da više nikada ne "orate naknadno instalirati S+

6kl!u(ivan!e" Service +acka  u ,indose N+ "o%ete drasti(no s"an!iti vri!e"e instalaci!e

+roces nadogradn!e uzi"a prili(no vre"ena# ne ra(una!u'i vri!e"e skidan!a datoteke s 3nterneta ili instaliran!a s CD-a. +roces instalaci!e ,indosa N+ o$i(no tra!e od A do A "inuta na $r%i" ra(unali"a# a na spori!i" zna $iti dul!i od sat vre"ena. 6šteda se "o%e posti'i integriran!e" S+ datoteki na originalni N+ Setup CD. *i$ridni instalaci!ski CD radit 'e isto što i originalni# ali 'e $iti ko"pletno nadogra)en sa svi" zakrpa"a i i"at 'e S+. Ra(unalo na ko!e se instalira ta! N+ $it 'e u potpunosti nadogra)eno# a korisnik 'e iz$!e'i sate i sate skidan!a zakrpi i nadogradn!i. reiran!e novog hi$ridnog instalaci!skog CD-a vrlo !e !ednostavno. Ova "etoda nadogradn!e instalaci!skog CD-a isti !e proces ko!i koriste proizvo)a(i softvera priliko" nadogradn!i svo!ih instalaci!skih progra"a. &icrosoft 'e ove !eseni po(eti prodavati takav CD# ali zašto (ekati i pla'ati kada svatko "o%e napraviti svo!u# potpuno legalnu# nadogra)enu kopi!u N+-a. 8to 9e potre*no 5a i5radu &i*ridnog 2in 6) C'a s integriranim Service )ac!om 7: ;< Originalan N+ Setup CD 1u o$zir dolaze sve ina(ice: +ro ili *o"e# O8& itd.2 7< CD sni"a(# prazan CD i softver ko!i "o%e napraviti $oota$ilan CD 1npr. 0ero# RoBio itd.2 =< Oko @ H< slo$odnog prostora na tvrdo" disku z$og pohrane privre"enih datoteka. 0akon toga "o%e"o pristupiti pravl!en!u novog instalaci!skog CD-a. )rvi !ora!: +o"o'u ,indos 8Bplorera do)ite na lokaci!u gd!e %elite s"!estiti podatke. 'rugi !ora!:

reira!te novi folder. =a! folder 'e"o koristiti za pohran!ivan!e podataka CD pro!ekta. &o%ete "u dati $ilo ko!e i"e# a z$og !ednostavnosti "i 'e"o "u dati i"e N+S+. Disk na ko!e" 'e $iti pohran!eni podaci od pro!ekta tre$ao $i i"ati na!"an!e @ H< slo$odnog prostora.

"re>i !ora!:

Otvorite novostvoreni N+S+ folder. 6nutar n!ega kreira!te tri nova foldera i nazovite ih Root#

?etvrti !ora!:

Stavite originalni# nenadogra)eni N+ instalaci!ski CD u CD pogon. opira!te sve datoteke i foldere u novi folder Root napravl!en u tre'e" koraku 1npr. C:;N+S+;ROO=2. opiran!e 'e na stari!i" ra(unali"a potra!ati# a na novi!i"a 'e $iti $rzo gotovo.

)eti !ora!: Otvorite folder Root# unutar n!ega $i tre$ale $iti datoteke kopirane s instalaci!skog CD-a. Iati" otvorite folder Support i unutar n!ega folder =ools. O$rišite datoteku deploy.ca$ u =ools folderu. 1Drugi" ri!e(i"a# o$rišite: C:;N+S+;ROO=;S6++OR=;=OO/S;D8+/OP.C<2.

8esti !ora!:

Skinite s 3nterneta# s &icrosoftovih stranica 1$esplatno2# ,indos N+ Service +ack  Deploy"ent =ools i instalira!te ga.

Sedmi !ora!:

Datoteka ko!u ste skinuli u šesto" koraku zvat 'e se nešto poput ,indosN+-

$smi !ora!:

Skinite s 3nterneta# s &icrosoftovih stranica 1$esplatno2# ,indos N+ Service +ack  0etork 3nstallation +ackage for 3= +rofessionals and Developers. Datoteku sni"ite u C:;N+S+ folder ili ako ste !e skinuli negd!e drugd!e# kopira!te !e u C:;N+S+ folder.

=u datoteku# ko!a se zove nešto poput ,indosN+-

'eveti !ora!:

Otpakira!te Service +ack datoteke u S+ folder: kliknite Start7Run i utipka!te ko"andu u Run ku'icu: C:;N+S+;S+.8N8 76 7N:C:;N+S+;S+# zati" kliknite O i S+.eBe 'e otpakirati svo! sadr%a! u S+ folder.

'eseti !ora!:

3skoristite N+-ov ugra)eni alat 6pdate da pri"i!enite S+ zakrpe na originalne N+ Setup datoteke. liknite Start7Run i otipka!te sl!ede'u ko"adu u Run ku'icu: C:;N+S+;S+;3MEF;6+D=8;6+D=8.8N8 7S:C:;N+S+;ROO= ,indos 'e otvoriti 6pdating Pour ,indos Share prozor na ko!e"u 'e se "o'i vid!eti napredak krpan!a. ada to završi# S+ zakrpe $it 'e integrirane u originalne N+ Setup datoteke. ako od svega toga sada na(initi instalaci!ski CD 6z "alo sre'e i hra$rosti te pa%l!ivo pra'en!e ovih uputa. Razli(iti alati za sni"an!e CD-a i"a!u razli(ite postavke za pravl!en!e $oota$ilnog CD-a. &i 'e"o va" pokazati kako se to radi na RoBiovo" CD Creatoru.

@edanaesti !ora!: +rvo što va" tre$a !e pravi $oot kod.

'vanaesti !ora!: +okretan!e progra"a za sni"an!e CD-a# u ovo" pri"!eru CD Creator.

"rinaesti !ora!: 3za$erite 4ile70e +ro!ect7

?etrnaesti !ora!: liknite na 4ile7+ro!ect +roperties. Otvorit 'e se prozor s nekoliko opci!a i podopci!a. 6kratko# vi tre$ate postaviti novi CD da odgovara karakteristika"a originalnog N+ Setup CD-a. 0a pri"!er# ako originalni N+ Setup i"a i"e ,N+4++U80# to i"e ukuca!te u ?olu"e /a$el opci!u. Originalno i"e CD-a "o%ete pogledati u ,indos 8Bploreru. Sli(no to"e postavite druge opci!e tako da $udu !ednake originalno" CD-u: 4ile Syste" V 5oliet +hysical for"at of CD V &ode @: CDRO& liknite dvanced i unesite sl!ede'e podatke: +u$lisher 0a"e V &3CROSO4=UCOR+OR=3O0 +repared

)etnaesti !ora!: 6 trinaesto" koraku dodali s"o $oot i"age datoteke# sada sa"o tre$a iza$rati i dodati sve datoteke i foldere u C:;N+S+;ROO= folderu i zati" kliknuti na

8esnaesti !ora!: Otvara se posl!edn!i prozor i nudi nekoliko zadn!ih opci!a. ko nisu iza$rane# iza$erite Record CD pod Record Options i Disc-at-Once pod Record ðods# kliknite O - i gotovi steW Softver $i se "ogao $uniti na folder depth !er instalaci!a ide dosta foldera u du$inu. =o se upozoren!e "o%e slo$odno ignorirati !er ne'e i"ati nikakvog efekta na upotre$l!ivost CD-a. +re"da proces izrade novog ,in N+ S+ CD-a izgleda prili(no ko"plicirano# svaki sl!ede'i put kad ponovo instalirati operativni sustav $iti 'e va" izni"no drago što ga i"ate. 0ai"e# ovakva instalaci!a ,indosa ne sa"o da drasti(no s"an!u!e vri!e"e instalaci!e# ve' i eli"inira "noge pro$le"e ko!i se zna!u po!avl!ivati kod postepenog nadogra)ivan!a. Is!l9uivane opci9e BInde-ingB u*r5ava 6) ,indosi N+ rade za$il!eške o svi" Gleovi"a#i spre"a!u ih na *ard Disk kako $i pretra%ivan!e Gleova $ilo što $r%e. li loša strana tih za$il!eški1indeB2 !e da ra(unalo "ora svaki Gle za$il!e%iti što dovodi do usporavan!a osnovnih funkci!a kao što su: Open#Close itd... ko ne pretra%u!ete (esto datoteke na ra(unalu iskl!u(ivan!e" opci!e Binde-ingB "o%ete "alo po$ol!šati perfor"anse. @. Control +anel . d"inistrative tools M. Services . Disa$le 3ndeBing Services

Automats!o otvaran9e C: dis!a u 2indows E-ploreru 6 ,indos N+-u# pokretan!e" ,indos 8Bplorer-a više se ne otvara C: disk. Sada se otvara direktori! &y Docu"ents. ako !a u to" direktori!u dr%i" neke podatke ko!i"a ne pristupa" stalno# ova pro"!ena "i !e donesla sa"o frustraci!u. Da $i ovo ispravili potre$no !e u ikonici ,indos 8Bplorera pro"!eniti postavke na sl!ede'i na(in: @. liknuti desno" tipko" "iša na ikonicu ,indos 8Bplorer i oda$rati opci!u +roperties. . +od target upišite 1$ez navodnika2: >C:2I+'$2Se-plorer.e-e 1nD1eDc:>. M. linite na >pply> i zati" na O i proces !e završen. 6koliko %elite otvoriti D: partici!u u"esto >1eDC:B upiite B1eD':>.

2indows 6) na $!tanima )aFn9a ovu preinaku "ogu izvesti svi korisnici ,indos N+ operativnog sustava# ali z$og izuzetne potre$e za "e"ori!o" n!en u(inak ne'e $iti vidl!iv kao u$rzan!e nego kao usporen!e raspola%ete li s "an!e od QF &< radne "e"ori!e. 'isa*le)agingE-ecutive - ukl!u(ivan!e" ove opci!e spri!e(it 'ete spre"an!e odre)enih aplikaci!a na tvrdi disk vašeg ra(unala. S ti" 'ete znatno u$rzati sve procese !er !e poznato da !e radna "e"ori!a i tisu'u puta $r%a od virtualne "e"ori!e na tvrdo" disku. +o po(etni" postavka"a vri!ednost ove opci!e !e A# da $i !e ukl!u(ili postavite !u na @. Ovu postavku nalazite na sl!ede'e" "!estu u registry editoru: (HEJL$CALJMAC(I+E - System CurrentControlSet  Control  SessionManager  Memory Management. Sl!ede'a opci!a ko!u nalazite od"ah do pri!e spo"enute !e: LargeSystemCac&e. 6kl!u(u!u'i ovu opci!u# >prisil!avate> u(itavan!e operativnog sustava i n!egovih osnovnih procesa u "e"ori!u. S ovo" pro"!eno" ,indosi N+ u(itava!u !ezgru operativnog sustava i dr%e !u ci!elo vri!e"e u "e"ori!i# (ine'i c!elokupni sustav "nogo $r%i" i %ivl!i" za rad. +okretan!e svih ostalih aplikaci!a tako)er se odvi!a znatno $r%e +ri!avl!ena u$rzan!a iznose od A-MA posto što svakako ni!e zane"arivo. Ova opci!a >guta> !oš više radne "e"ori!e# pogotovo ako se koristi za!edno s prvo" opci!o" iz ovog (lanka. =re'a opci!a u nizu# ko!a 'e naši" ,indosi"a N+ >dati krila># !e l$)ageLoc!Limit# Ovu registry vri!ednost tre$ate sa"i kreirati oda$iru'i opci!u +ew  'word ko!u do$i!ete koriste'i desnu tipku "iša. Ia i"e koristite #!O$%"eLoc&Li'it# 1$itno !e to(no napisati i"e ovog kl!u(a# s "ali" i veliki" slovi"a2. ?ri!ednost ko!u upisu!ete zavisi o koli(ini radne "e"ori!e s ko!o" raspola%ete: K M  ;N ;7O M  N 7PK M  ;.N P;7 M ili vie: .. ?ri!ednosti su prikazane za unos u hek-sadeci"alno" o$liku. Ova opci!a ne'e zna(iti u$rzan!e rada sa"og ra(unala# ali 'e svakako doni!eti po$ol!šan!a u sferi pri!enosa podataka. +epotre*ni 'LLovi u memori9i ko koristite puno progra"a u vri!e"e rada# svi dll-ovi Xdyna"ic linked li$rary2 se u(itava!u u "e"ori!u od strane ,indos 8Bplorera. Iatvarate ih po završetku rada s progra"i"a# ali n!ihovi dll-ovi osta!u u(itani u "e"ori!u. =o ut!e(e na koli(inu raspolo%ive "e"ori!e# kao i na $rzinu rada sa"og ra(unala. 8vo kako nat!erati ,indose N+ da iz$ace iz "e"ori!e sve nepotre$ne dll-ove: +otra%i"o (HEJL$CALJMAC(I+E  So#tware  Microso#t  2indowsCurrentVersion E-plorer. 6 ovo" kl!u(u kreira!te novi 'word unos i"ena AlwaysUnload'LL i postavite "u vri!ednost na @. Iati" pritisnite tipku 4Q na tipkovnici 1ovo" radn!o" se napravi refresh2# zatvorite Regedit i nanovo pokrenete ra(unalo.

)ristupite s!rivenim opci9ama u 2indows 6) @. 3dite na StartTRun... i upišite gpedit.msc . +regleda!te opci!e i vid!eti 'ete "nogo opci!a ko!e su dostupne sa"o kroz editiran!e registry $aze. Sada ih "o%ete editirati vrlo lako.

'einstalira9te 2indows Media )layer @. 3dite na StartTRun... i upišite c"d . 6 Co""and +ro"ptu upišite: rundll=7.e-e setupapiDInstall(in#Section Install2M)Q ;=7 c:windowsin#wmp.in# M. ada se proces završi restarta!te ra(unalo i instalira!te %el!enu verzi!u ili ne"o!te uop'e.

'oda9te Copy "o i Move to 2indows E-ploreru @. +okrenite >regedit> . 3dite u (HEJCLASSESJR$$"All,ilesystem$*9ectss&elle-Conte-tMenu(andlers M. Desni klik na Conte-tMenu(andlers i oda$erite 0e pa zati" ey . Dod!elite "u i"e Copy =o. +onovite postupak i dod!elite "u i"e &ove =o. Q. +ro"enite 1Default2 string value za Copy "o key u C7,K=7Q;;;';A;OC C,'QP';=T F. +ro"enite 1Default2 string value za Move "o key u C7,K=;7Q;;;';A;OC C,'QP';=T Y. Restarta!te ra(unalo i otvorite ,indos 8Bplorer. liknite na neki Gle ili direktori! i i"ati 'ete dvi!e nove opci!e. ko se ne %elite za"arati sa registry $azo" "o%ete na'i gotovi kl!u( u Registry Heys

6) )assword Recovery vratite i5gu*l9enu lo5in!u<

ko ste ko!i" slu(a!e" za$oravili 6) 2indows administrators!i password 1lozinku2 i ne "o%ete se logirati na ,in N+ i na ta! na(in do'i do vlastiti& podata!a ko!i su va" od $itne va%nosti#a ne %elite ponovno instalirati opertivni sustav#odnosno for"atirati hard disk i iz$risati te podatke#posto!e e$ stranice ko!e >tvrde> da "ogu vratiti vaš ad"inistratorski ili korisni(ki passord1lozinku2#kako ne $i ostali $ez svo!ih podataka W @edna od ta!vi& stranica 9e i &ttp:11-pcrac!er.mine.nu1-pcrac!er

'rugi nain na !o9i moFete do>i do svo9i& podata!a a!o ste i5gu*ili password 9e: +otre$no !e do'i do datoteke BSAMB ko!a se nalazi u c:windowssystem=7con0gSAM#kopirati !e i na drugo" ra(unalu#po"o'u progra"a LC sta!e ko!i "o%ete na'i na ovo! stranici &ttp:11www.downsee!.com1download17;=O.asp pro$ati vratiti svo! passord odnosno dešifriratiW

4a!l9uavan9e pomo>u sys.!ey Iakl!u(avan!e po"o'u sys.key-a !e !edan zani"l!ivi na(in da zakl!u(ate svo!e ra(unalo. ;. Idite na StartRun i upite SSHE i !li!nite na $H. 7. U prvom pro5oru !o9i se otvori !li!nite na U)'A"E =. U sl9ede>em pro5oru *udite sugurni da 9e o5naen System generated password . Stavite pra5nu Woppy dis!etu i !li!nite na $HA P. I5aXite i5 programaD i5vadite dis!etu i restarta9te raunalo Jto s"o do$ili Do$ili s"o na neki na(in hardverski kl!u( za otkl!u(avan!e ra(unala. Sl!ede'i put kada upalite ra(unalo#tra%iti 'e vas ovu disketu kako $i "ogli pristupiti svo"e login prozoru. ko ne"ate ovu disketu#šteta za vas ili onoga ko!i $i "o%da %elio zaviriti u vaše ra(unaloW

ES)LA"+$ )$'E8AVA+@E S"R$@A U ; H$RAHA

ES)LA"+A GE+ERALHA

Sv9edoci ste &rpe so#tvera na Internetu !o9i vam nude ra5ne naine da oistiteD podesite i u*r5ate raunalo do *esv9esti te i5vuete i 5adn9i atom snage i5 svoga procesoraY naravno 5a odreXeni i5nos dolaraD ali posto9e naini da to sve uinite *esplatno.

ao što s"o ve' rekli posto!i "noštvo softvera ko!i va" nude odr%avan!e ra(unala u top for"i. Ina(i razne opti"izaci!e# (iš'en!a i u$rzan!a# kako ra(unala tako i internet veze $ez o$zira radilo se o o$i(no! "ode"sko! vezi# 3SD0# DS/Z 0o# velika ve'ina takvih progra"a zaht!eva i odre)enu naknadu za svo! posao# odnosno odre)eni iznos dolara ko!i ponekad i ni!e prihvatl!iv svi"a. Da li ste se ikada upitali što ustvari rade takvi progra"i

ako usp!eva!u o(istiti >s"e'e> ko!e se nakupl!alo "!eseci"a i sada vaše ra(unalo više ne radi onako glatkoW Od!edno" po(in!u i pro$le"i sa interneto"# veza !e prespora i stranice se u(itava!u predugo. 3 uz sve to sada se više ne %eli niti ugasiti onako $rzo# nego (u(ite uz "onitor i raz"išl!ate da li 'e se uop'e >ve' !edno" ugasiti> 0o do$ro# ako ste iskusili neke od ovih ili sli(nih pro$le"a# zna(i da !e došlo vri!e"e da napravite >generalnu (istku># a 6)"ips 'e va" pokazati kako da to u(inite $esplatno u @A !ednostavnih koraka. ;. U!lonite nepotre*ne stvari )rvo pa generalno +rvi potez !e uklan!an!e svih nepotre$nih progra"a# igara i doku"enata ko!i va" nisu potre$ni ili ih uop'e ne koristite. 6 kontrol panelu nalazi se ikona pod nazivo" >dd or Re"ove> gd!e "o%ete vid!eti ko!i su progra"i instalirani na vaše ra(unalo i odlu(iti ko!e %elite ukloniti. &an!e - više svi to zna"o# ali ve'ina korisnika i ne za"!eti ikonu pod nazivo" BAdd1Remove 2indows ComponentsB gd!e "o%ete ukloniti ko"ponente ko!e dolaze sa ,indosi"a. Dovol!no !e "aknuti kva(icu ispred progra"a ko!e ne %elite više koristiti i kliknuti na 0eBt# ako po%elite ponovno vratiti te progra"e ozna(itite prazni kvadrati' i kliknite na 0eBt. 0eki ,indos progra"i nisu vidl!ivi u >dd7Re"ove ,indos Co"ponents> npr. ,indos &essenger# ali "o%ete ih u(initi vidl!ivi"a na sl!ede'i na(in: Oti)ite u vaš ,indos direktori! i onda u poddirektori! 304. na)ite datoteku ko!a se zove sysoc.ini. Otvorite !e u 0otepadu# na)ite redak msmsgsZmsgrocm.dllD$cEntryDmsmsgs.in#D&ideDQ i iz$acite ri!e( hide# tako da izgleda ovako msmsgsZmsgrocm.dllD$cEntryDmsmsgs.in#DQ spre"ite pro"!ene i sada 'e &essenger $iti vidl!iv za deinstaliran!e.

7. Start up programi i e#e!ti Ha!o is!l9uiti [ 3nstaliran!e puno progra"a "o%e zapuniti vašu registry $azu nepotre$ni" progra"i"a ko!i se starta!u sa pokretan!e" ra(unala#što "o%e dovesti do usporavan!a ra(unala i zauzi"an!e" di!ela "e"ori!e

@. +okrenite Regedit# >Start - Run i upišite re"edit zati" kliknite na >ok> . Do)ite do kl!u(a (HEJCURRE+"JUSER So#tware Microso#t 2indows CurrentVersion Run M. ada ste došli do kl!u(a#na desno! strani "o%ete identiGcirati progra"e ko!e ne Felite po!renuti pri startu raunala. . Desni klik na progra" ko!i ne %elite da se pokrene pri startu ra(unala i oda$erite >(e!ete>. 0a ova! na(in progra"i ne'e $iti u(itani u "e"ori!u sve dok ne $ude potre$e za n!i"a. U!lan9an9e vi5ualni& e#e!ata tako)er 'e oslo$oditi dio raspolo%ive "e"ori!e. 3dite u Settin"s ) Contro! $%ne! ) S*ste' ) Ad+%nced i pod stavko" $erfor'%nce kliknite na gu"$ Settin"s i u prozoru isu%! E,ects ostavite kva(ice sa"o na BUse drop s&adowsY i Use visual stylesYB #sad kliknite na Ad+%nced i pod opci!o" Me'or* us%"e ozna(ite $ro"r%'s# zati" kliknite A--!* i sve !e ostalo isto# a vaše ra(unalo radi $r%e

=. $slo*odite 9o memori9e

+epotre*ni 'LL  ovi i servisi ko koristite puno progra"a u vri!e"e rada# svi dll-ovi Xdyna"ic linked li$rary2 se u(itava!u u "e"ori!u od strane ,indos 8Bplorera. =o ut!e(e na koli(inu raspolo%ive "e"ori!e# kao i na $rzinu rada sa"og ra(unala. 8vo kako nat!erati ,indose N+ da iz$ace iz "e"ori!e sve nepotre$ne dll-ove: +otra%i"o u registry-u (HEJL$CALJMAC(I+E  So#tware  Microso#t  2indows CurrentVersion E-plorer. 6 ovo" kl!u(u kreira!te novi 'word unos i"ena AlwaysUnload'LL i postavite "u vri!ednost na ;. Servisi su progra"i ko!i se pokre'u sa ,indosi"a i oni nepotre$ni ut!e(u na perfor"anse ra(unala. Odite u Start - Run i upišite services.msc i sada ste do$ili listu servisa ko!e "o%ete iskl!u(ivati i ukl!u(ivati desni" kliko"#oda$erete $ro-erties i zati" (is%.!e. Sada !e servis iskl!u(en.

ko ne pretra%u!ete (esto datoteke na ra(unalu iskl!u(ivan!e" servisa inde/in" "o%ete "alo po$ol!šati perfor"anse.

. ?i>en9e Registry *a5e

'u*ins!o i>en9e Reci"o da (esto doda!ete i uklan!ate progra"e i da vodite ra(una o deinstalaci!i progra"a. li i pored svega ovog vaše >registry> datoteke li(e na "onstru"e i z$og n!ihove veli(ine !e rad na vaše" ra(unalu ote%an. 6 ovo" slu(a!u uptri!e$iti 'e"o izvrstan progra" RegSee!er ko!i 'e ponuditi i više od (iš'en!a.

0a sa"o" po(etku nudi pregled instaliranih i pokrenutih# odnosno St%rt u- progra"a# ko!e po %el!i "o%ete spri!e(iti da se pokre'u sa ,indosi"a# te $risan!e Histories datoteka i Coo&ie% ko!e vaš internet preglednik sakupl!a priliko" surfan!a. 6z sve to# RegSeeker va" u "eniu >=eaks> nudi i nekoliko vrlo korisnih trikova i opci!a. 3 dolazi"o do glavnog di!ela ko!i se zove Clean t&e Registry. Sve što tre$ate u(initi !e# kliknuti na gu"$ >ok> i pri(ekati da se završi skeniran!e# zati" kliknite na Se!ect %!! i desni" kliko" "iša oda$erite opci!u (e!et se!ected ite's. Sada !e vaš Registry o(iš'en od nakupl!enog s"e'a. 6 slu(a!u da nakon (iš'en!a ra(unalo ne radi kako tre$a# RegSeeker !e napravio ac! up svih o$risanih datoteka ko!e "o%ete vratit pritisko" na gu"$ ac!ups

P. 6) na !rilima

r5i i Festo!i Ovu preinaku "ogu izvesti svi korisnici ,indos N+ operativnog sustava# ali z$og izuzetne potre$e za "e"ori!o" n9en uina! ne>e *iti vidl9iv !ao u*r5an9e raspolaFete li s man9e od 7PK M radne memori9e. 'isa*le)agingE-ecutive - ukl!u(ivan!e" ove opci!e spri!e(avate spre"an!e odre)enih aplikaci!a na tvrdi disk vašeg ra(unala. S ti" 'ete znatno u$rzati sve procese !er poznato !e da radna "e"ori!a i tisu'u puta $r%a od virtualne na tvrdo" disku. ?ri!ednost ove opci!e !e A# da $i !e ukl!u(ili postavite !e na ;. Ovu postavku nalazite na sl!ede'e" "!estu u registry editoru: (HEJL$CALJMAC(I+E  System CurrentControlSet  Control  SessionManager  Memory Management. Sl!ede'a opci!a ko!u nalazite od"ah do pri!e spo"enute !e: LargeSystemCac&e. ada ukl!u(ite ovu opci!u# >prisil!avate> u(itavan!e operativnog sustava i n!egovih procesa u "e"ori!u. S ovo" pro"!eno" ,indosi N+ u(itava!u !ezgru operativnog sustava i dr%e !e u "e"ori!i# (ine'i c!elokupni sustav "nogo $r%i" i %ivl!i" za rad.

K. U*r5a9te pri9enos podata!a

'MA  mode ,in N+ ne postavl!a ispravno D& "ode na 3D8 kanale. ?e'ina CD-RO&-ova podr%ava ova! na(in rada#ali N+ ih gotovo uvi!ek stavl!a u +3O 1spori!i2 na(in rada. D& ne'e u$rzati vaš CD- RO&#ali 'e koristiti "an!e procesorske snage i ti"e u$rzati pri!enos podataka 8vo kako: @. Otvorite 'evice Manager 1&y Co"puter-*ardare-Device &anager2 . liknite na znak plus pored >I(E ATA0ATA$I Contro!!ers> i dva puta kliknite na >$ri'%r* I(E C1%nne!> M. +od > Ad+%nced Settin"s> prov!erite Device @ postavke. ?!ero!atno !e postavl!eno na +3O transfer "ode. . +ostavite ga na >'MA i# availa*le>. 3sto ponovite i za >Second%r* I(E C1%nne!> ako !e u +3O "odu. 6koliko ovo ne po"ogne# u ve'ini slu(a!eva po"a%e reinstaliran!e 3D8 kanala ko!i ne %eli prihvatiti D& "ode# na sl!ede'i na(in:

Desni klik na 3D8 kanal# zati" uninst%!! i pritisnite ok. Restarta!te ra(unalo i pogleda!te sada dali !e 3D8 kanal prihvatio D& "ode.

6 neki" slu(a!evi"a na!više što 'ete do$iti !e Mu!tiWord# ali i to !e u svako" slu(a!u puno $ol!e od +3O "oda.

Q. @o malo u*r5an9a Honani o*raun a< 0e"o!te za$oravit koristiti alat za defrag"entaci!u diska. 0a'i 'ete ga pod >St%rt0 $ro"r%'s0 Accessories0 S*ste' Too!s0 (is& defr%"'enter >. Odr%avan!e" diska na ova! na(in# odnosno defrag"entaci!o" "o%ete pove'ati perfor"anse ra(unala do @A [# i produ%iti vi!ek tra!an!a *D-a *< ko i"ate "alo više >R&-a># a to se odnosi na korisnike ko!i i"a!u QF &< i više# "o%ete podesiti ,indose da !e koriste "aksi"alno u(inkovito. Otvorite >SS"EM.I+I> datoteku iz >,indos> >direktori!a># i u >\=OKEn&]> d!elu doda!te lini!u >ConservativeSwap0leUsageZ; >. 0a ova! na(in ste ustvari nazna(ili ,indosi"a da zna(a!no s"an!e korišten!e virtualne "e"ori!e. c< ada ve' i"ate otvoren SPS=8&.303# za eGkasni!e korišten!e D& "ogu'nosti doda!te i lini!u >'MAu^erSi5eZK>. Sni"ite pro"!ene i napravite restart ra(unalaW

O. U*r5a9te sur#an9e

Internet na steroidima 0a 3nternetu "o%ete na'i hrpu progra"a ko!i va" nude $r%e spa!an!e i u(itavan!e progra"a te e$ stranica i u pravilu gotovo nikada nisu $esplatni. Svi o$e'ava!u veliko u$rzan!e $ez o$zira ko!i tip veze koristili\ o$i(an "ode"# 3SD0 vezu ili neki novi# !oš $r%i na(in spa!an!a na 3nternet. $s9etno u*r5an9e "o%ete posti'i "alo" ispravko" registry kl!u(a. +okrenite Regedit i potra%ite kl!u( ko!i se nalazi na sl!ede'e" "!estu: (HEJL$CALJMAC(I+E  So#tware  Microso#t  2indows  Current Version  E-plorer  RemoteComputer  +ameSpace.

0a ovo"e "!estu posto!e dva prisutna kl!u(a\ !edan od n!ih !e \'K7QQCKA;;C, O'OQAA$K,P,]. O$rišite ga. 0i!e potre$no ponovno pokretati ra(unalo kako $i pri"i!etili u$rzan!e ko!e nasta!e ovo" !ednostavno" iz"!eno" u Registry editoru. Ovi"e ste ustvari ispravili !edan od $ugova u N+ ,indosi"a.

. )odesite modem

Modem na ma!simum Spo!ili ste se na 3nternet i zadovol!ni ste prikazano" $rzino"# ali ipak va" se (ini da !e protok podataka katastrofalan. 6potri!e$ili ste sve "ogu'e trikove# >=eak> progra"e i >Dial up> u$rziva(e# a (ini va" se da sve to negd!e drugd!e radi "nogo l!epše. 3 pitate se da ni!e "o%da greška u "ode"u ili lošo! telefonsko! lini!i. ?!ero!atno ni!e# nego !e greška u pre"alo! $rzini BportaB na ko!e" "ode" radi. >C$M port ovima> !e po defaultu $rzina podešena na >FAA $ps>.

Otvorite (e+ice '%n%"er 1 Start - Settings - Control +anel - Syste" - *ardare - Device &anager2 kliknete na zati" na )orts# i oda$erete >port> na ko!e" se nalazi "ode". liknete zati" na +roperties# $ort settin"s# i pro"!enite 2its -er second na na!ve'u vri!ednost i kliknete na >O>. Sada !e $rzina na ko!o! >port> vrši ko"unikaci!u puno ve'a i ni!e ograni(ava!u'i faktor.

;. 4avrni radovi

Utimavan9e 3ako ,indosi i"a!u !oš puno opci!a za podešavan!e# "ogu'nosti za teakan!e i pri"!enu ponekog trika# ne'e"o ih sada opisivati !er $i to preraslo u !edan ogro"an (lanak ko!i ne$i "ogao nositi naslov >+odešavan!e u @A koraka> !er $i s"o "orali dodati !oš !ednu nulu na ovu $ro!ku. 0o# ostavili s"o va" "ogu'nost da se sa"i poigrate alato" ko!i dolazi sa ,indosi"a i i"a izni"no puno opci!a za podešavan!e# a zove se Group )olicy Editor. Do ovog alata dolazite na sl!ede'i na'in: Start - Run i upišite gpedit.msc # kliknite na >ok> i otvorile su va" se "ogu'nosti za izni"no detal!no podešavan!e ,indosa $ez kopan!a po registry $azi ili zavirivan!a u Control +anel. 6%iva!teW

U*r5a9te sur#an9e internetom Sv!edoci ste poplave progra"a na 3nternetu ko!i va" nude $r%e spa!an!e i u(itavan!e progra"a te e$ stranica. Svi garantira!u veliko u$rzan!e $ez o$zira ko!i tip veze koristili\ o$i(an "ode"# 3SD0 vezu ili neki novi# !oš $r%i na(in spa!an!a na 3nternet. ?eliko u$rzan!e "o%ete posti'i "alo" korekci!o" registry kl!u(a. +okrenite Regedit i potra%ite kl!u( ko!i se nalazi na sl!ede'o! lokaci!i: (HEJL$CALJMAC(I+E  So#tware  Microso#t  2indows  Current Version  E-plorer  RemoteComputer  +ameSpace. ada ste došli do ovog "!esta# posto!e dva prisutna kl!u(a\ !edan od n!ih !e 'K7QQ CKA;;C,O'OQAA$K,P,T. O$rišite ga. 0i!e potre$an restart ra(unala da $i pri"i!etili u$rzan!e ko!e nasta!e ovo" "odiGkaci!o". U*r5a9te raunalo podeavan9em Bpre#etc&B dire!tori9acac&e< Ovo !e !edinstvena tehnika u N+-u ko!a "o%e u$rzati vaše ra(unalo.

@. +okrenite >regedit>.

. prona)ite kl!u( \(HEJL$CALJMAC(I+ESS"EMCurrentControlSetControlSession ManagerMemory Management)re#etc&)arametersEna*le)re#etc&er]N

M. +ostavite vri!ednost na A->Disa$le># na sl!ede'i" kl!u(evi"a: @-pp launch prefetch# -

. Restarta!te ra(unalo.

Ways To Speed Up WinXP

1ere are some suggestions that "ill enhane the performane and reliability of your $9s'

Best of allY most of them "ill ost you nothing'

. *efragmenting remains an important tas$. 4hy5 /or one+ power consumption and heat can be directly related to a fragmented hard dri%e. 4hen the computer6s operating system re#uests data+ if a file is not contiguous+ then extra see$ing on the dis$ may be re#uired. 7ut a more important consideration is dis$ failure. Should a hard dri%e fail+ the li$elihood of successfully reco%ering data from the dead or damaged dri%e impro%es significantly if the data is contiguous rather than randomly scattered about the dri%e platters.

8. 'f a PC has less than 98 )7 of R0)+ add more memory. This is a relati%ely inexpensi%e and easy upgrade that can dramatically impro%e system performance. 3. nsure that 4indows ;P is utili?. 0t the prompt+ type C>,@RT C: A/S:,T/S and press the nter $ey. This process may ta$e a while= it6s important that the computer be uninterrupted and %irusfree. The file system used by the bootable dri%e will be either /0T38 or ,T/S. ' highly recommend ,T/S for its superior security+ reliability+ and efficiency with larger dis$ dri%es.

B. *isable file indexing. The indexing ser%ice extracts information from documents and other files on the hard dri%e and creates a searchable $eyword index. 0s you can imagine+ this process can be #uite taxing on any system.

The idea is that the user can search for a word+ phrase+ or property inside a document+ should they ha%e hundreds or thousands of documents and not $now the file name of the document they want. 4indows ;P6s builtin search functionality can still perform these $inds of searches without the 'ndexing ser%ice. 't 2ust ta$es longer. The >S has to open each file at the time of the re#uest to help find what the user is loo$ing for.

)ost people ne%er need this feature of search. Those who do are typically in a large corporate en%ironment where thousands of documents are located on at least one ser%er. ' recommend disabling it.

1eres ho" First, double6li* the y 9omputer ion' :e)t, right6li* on the 9 Ari+e, then selet $roperties' Mnhe* Z/llo" nde)ing Ser+ie to inde) this dis* for fast file searhing'Z :e)t, apply hanges to Z9 subfolders and files,Z and li* O' f a "arning or error message appears Esuh as Z/ess is deniedZ, li* the gnore /ll button'

9. Dpdate the PC6s %ideo and motherboard chipset dri%ers.

E. >nce a month+ run a dis$ cleanup. Fere6s how: *oubleclic$ the )y Computer icon. Then rightclic$ on the C: dri%e and select Properties. Clic$ the *is$ Cleanup button  it6s 2ust to the right of the Capacity pie graph  and delete all temporary files.

G. 'n your *e%ice )anager+ doubleclic$ on the '* 0T0A0T0P' Controllers de%ice+ and ensure that *)0 is enabled for each dri%e you ha%e connected to the Primary and Secondary controller. *o this by doubleclic$ing on Primary '* Channel. Then clic$ the 0d%anced Settings tab. nsure the Transfer )ode is set to *)0 if a%ailable for both *e%ice  and *e%ice . Then repeat this process with the Secondary '* Channel. H. Dpgrade the cabling. 0s harddri%e technology impro%es+ the cabling re#uirements to achie%e these performance boosts ha%e become more stringent. 7e sure to use Hwire Dltra33 cables on all of your '* de%ices with the connectors properly assigned to the matching )asterASla%eA)otherboard soc$ets. 0 single de%ice must be at the end of the cable= connecting a single dri%e to the middle connector on a ribbon cable will cause signaling problems. 4ith Dltra *)0 hard dri%es+ these signaling problems will pre%ent the dri%e from performing at its maximum potential. 0lso+ because these cables inherently support cable select+ the location of each dri%e on the cable is important. /or these reasons+ the cable is designed so dri%e positioning is explicitly clear.

I. Remo%e all spyware from the computer. Dse free programs such as 0d0ware by La%asoft or Spy7ot Search J *estroy. >nce these programs are installed+ be sure to chec$ for and download any updates before starting your search. 0nything either program finds can be safely remo%ed. 0ny free software that re#uires spyware to run will no longer function once the spyware portion has been remo%ed.

. Remo%e any unnecessary programs andAor items from 4indows Startup routine. Dsing the )SC>,/'K utility is one way. Fere6s how: /irst+ clic$ Start+ clic$ Run+ type )SC>,/'K+ and clic$ >?. Clic$ the StartDp tab+ and then unchec$ any items you don6t want to start when 4indows starts. Dnsure what some items are5 @isit the 4inTas$s Process Library. 't contains $nown system processes+ applications+ as well as spyware references and explanations. >r #uic$ly identify them by searching for the filenames using Koogle or another 4eb search engine. Or even better yet. 'f you ha%e Spybot SJ* installed. ou can use it to stop programs from starting up. >pen Spybot and go into 0d%anced )ode. Ko down to Tools+ and then open System Startup. There you can disable programs from starting. ,>T: 'f you ha%e the Kenuine 4indows 0d%antage installed+ you will want to lea%e all system.ini running. >r you wont be able to get updates from )S to install.

. Remo%e any unnecessary or unused programs from the 0ddARemo%e Programs section of the Control Panel.

8. Turn off any and all unnecessary animations+ and disable acti%e des$top. 'n fact+ for optimal performance+ turn off all animations. 4indows ;P offers many different settings in this area. Fere6s how to do it: /irst clic$ on the System icon in the Control Panel. ,ext+ clic$ on the 0d%anced tab. Select the Settings button located under Performance. /eel free to play around with the options offered here+ as nothing you can change will alter the reliability of the computer.

3. 'f you are an ad%anced user who is comfortable editing their registry+ try some of the performance registry twea$s offered at Twea$ ;P.

B. @isit )icrosoft6s 4indows update site regularly+ and download all updates labeled Critical. *ownload any optional updates at your discretion. 9. Dpdate your anti%irus software on a wee$ly+ e%en daily+ basis. )a$e sure you ha%e only one anti%irus software pac$age installed. )ixing anti%irus software is a sure way to spell disaster for performance and reliability.

E. )a$e sure you ha%e fewer than 9 type fonts installed on your computer. The more fonts you ha%e+ the slower the system will become. 4hile 4indows ;P handles fonts much more efficiently than did the pre%ious %ersions of 4indows+ too many fonts  that is+ anything o%er 9  will noticeably tax the system.

G. *o not partition the hard dri%e. 4indows ;P6s ,T/S file system runs more efficiently on one large partition. The data is no safer on a separate partition+ and a reformat is ne%er necessary to reinstall an operating system. The same excuses people offer for using partitions apply to using a folder instead. /or example+ instead of putting all your data on the *: dri%e+ put it in a folder called * dri%e. ou6ll achie%e the same organi

H. Chec$ your system6s R0) to ensure it is operating properly. ' recommend using a free program called )emTestHE. The download will ma$e a bootable C* or dis$ette !your choice"+ which will run  extensi%e tests on the PC6s memory automatically after you boot to the dis$ you created. 0llow all tests to run until at least three passes of the  tests are completed. 'f the program encounters any errors+ turn off and unplug the computer+ remo%e a stic$ of memory !assuming you ha%e more than one"+ and run the test again. Remember+ bad memory cannot be repaired+ but only replaced.

I. 'f the PC has a C* or *@* recorder+ chec$ the dri%e manufacturer6s 4eb site for updated firmware. 'n some cases you6ll be able to upgrade the recorder to a faster speed. 7est of all+ it6s free.

8. *isable unnecessary ser%ices. 4indows ;P loads a lot of ser%ices that you most li$ely do not need.

8. 0t least once a year+ open the computer6s cases and blow out all the dust and debris. 4hile you6re in there+ chec$ that all the fans are turning properly. 0lso inspect the motherboard capacitors for bulging or lea$s. System Tune-up

System Tune-up:

O, lets start "ith a basi leanup of your system'

t might be "ise to print a opy of this'

>pen up your start menu. Then go to 0ll Programs+ M 0ccessories+ M System Tools. 0nd loo$ for *is$ Cleanup Select your main dri%e+ usually dri%e C. 0nd clic$ >?. This could ta$e some time+ so don6t worry. Then put Chec$s only on Temporary 'nternet /iles+ Recycle 7in and Temporary /iles. Clic$ >?. Then S.

,ext we need to clean out your browser cache and coo$ies. >pen 'nternet xplorer. >n the top toolbar+ choose Tools+ then 'nternet >ptions >n the Keneral Page+ under Temporary 'nternet /iles. Choose *elete /iles and Clear Fistory. Then go to &Settings(+ M &@iew /iles( and remo%e any coo$ies you really don6t need. 4hich might be only lea%e a handful left.

,ow if you don6t already ha%e them+

*ownload 0d0ware.

0nd Spybot SJ*.

Dpdate them both. >n Spybot+ Clic$ to 'mmuni

,ow to get more into a system cleanup.

Ko to your Start )enu+ to your )y computer( 'con and RClic$ on it. Then down to Properties. Then clic$ on the System Restore tab. Then put a chec$ at Turn off System Restore. Clic$ 0pply and >?. Remember this part so you can turn System Restore bac$ on.

,ow Clic$ on your Start )enu again+ and clic$ on the )y Computer icon. >n the part that says Fard *is$ *ri%es+ RClic$ on your *ri%e C !C". Then down to Properties and clic$ to open. >n the main window that opens+ choose the Tools tab. >n rror Chec$ing+ Clic$ Chec$ ,ow 0 new window will open. Put a chec$ mar$ on both options and clic$ >?. ou will be informed that it can6t run now and would you li$e to run *is$ Chec$ on next reboot. Clic$ >?. ,ow go to your Start )enu once again. To your Run icon. 0nd type msconfig  without the #uotes. This will open up the System Configuration Dtility. Clic$ on the 7>>T.',' tab and put a chec$ on AS0/7>>T Clic$ 0pply and >?. ou will be informed that you will need to reboot your Computer. Clic$ >?. Remember this last path. ou will need to come bac$ to this part To get your Computer bac$ into normal mode ou do so by opening up the System Configuration Dtility. 0nd on the Keneral Page clic$ on ,ormal Startup.

,ow we are ready to reboot the PC.

4e are going to reboot into Safe )ode

Since we enabled Scan *is$ to run on Reboot+ this is going to start before windows loads. This is a 9step process. ,ow do not worry+ steps B and 9 ta$e some time to run. 'n step B+ it might seem li$e nothing is going on+ but 2ust hang in there. Step B ta$es the longest+ and seems li$e it 2ust sits there for some time.

0fter this is done+ 4indows will load in Safe )ode.

/ind the 0d0ware icon. 0nd open up the program. Clic$ on start. 0nd place a chec$ on Perform /ull System Scan. Then clic$ ,ext. Let it run through. 4hen it is finished+ clic$ ,ext. Place a Chec$ mar$ on e%erything that was found. 0nd clic$ next again. 't will as$ if you-re sure you want to remo%e these items. Clic$ >?.

,ext find the Spybot SJ* 'con. 0nd choose to Chec$ /or Problems 't will now do a scan. 4hen it is finished. Place a chec$ >,L >, TF 'T)S ', R*. Then chec$ to /ix 'tems6 0llow for a bac$up to be made.

The last step will be to *efragment your Fard *ri%e.

>n your Start )enu Ko to 0ll Programs+ M 0ccessories+ M System Tools. 0nd loo$ for *is$ *efragmenter Chose this program+ and highlight your C *ri%e and clic$ to *efragment.

'f this has not been done for a while+ this process could also ta$e some time. This will get all your files bac$ in order.

4hen this is done. Ko to your Start )enu once again. To your Run icon. 0nd type  msconfig  without the #uotes. >n the Keneral page+ Place a chec$ at ,ormal Startup clic$ 0pply and >?. ,ow reboot your PC.

,ow hopefully e%erything is wor$ing+ and your PC has had a tuneup and cleaning. 'n the future+ Dpdate and run both 0d0ware and Spybot SJ* twice a wee$+ 'mmuni

Command Prompts

What is a co##and pro#pt%

Co##and pro#pt is a nongraphical interface that allows you to interact with your operating syste#. !t the co##and pro#pt6 you enter co##ands by typing their na#es followed by options and argu#ents. 5hese co##ands then inoe progra#s.

4indows ;P boasts a number of command line tools. Fere-s a list of some new mixed up with the old fa%orites that will ma$e you lo%e the command prompt.

Nust type &cmd( !without #uotes" into your &Run( command in your Start )enu. To open the &Command 4indow(

Command Index and Definitions listed at the bottom of pae

These listing are not endorsed or certified by )icrosoft or any of their partners. ' offer no warranty+ expressed or implied for any unintentional or accidental destruction of your system.

ou use these commands at your own ris$.

Windows XP Co##and @ine &eference

4ith permission by

Roberto N. *ohnert OOCopyright  8B

Re%ision Fistory:

)arch B+ 8B Q 0dded page numbers for organi

)arch 8+ 8B Q 0dded list and functions of 4indows ;P specific commands starting at page H

Nune G+ 8B Q 0dded Table of contents and per user re#uest added a basic D,'; to 4indows Command Line comparison.

0ugust H+ 8B Q 0dded a specific description of each command.

5able of Contents . Dnix To 4indows Command Comparisons

8. Console Command List

3. 4indows ;PASer%er 83 ,ew Commands

. Common ';X to Windows Command Comparisons

These are the common commands that are useful to new users of 4indows ;P and

4indows Ser%er 83 coming from the D,';ALinux side of computing. This is the basic set of instructions and should not be considered a complete list. System admins should research the commands for more ad%anced tas$s.

0 complete set of Command line instructions can be found on )icrosoft-s web site http:AAwww.microsoft.comAtechnetAprodtechnolAwinxpproAproddocsAntcmds.asp

!"tion Unix "ommand Windo#s Console "ommand

list files ls dir

show details ls l filename dir filename

about a

particular file

show contents of cat+ more+ less type+ more

file

copy file cp copy

mo%e file m% rename+ ren

rename file m% rename+ ren

delete file rm delete+ del+ erase

compare contents diff comp

of multiple files

change directories cd chdir+ cd

show current pwd cd !no add. Syntax"

directory

create directory m$dir m$dir+ md delete directory rmdir rmdir+ rd

2. Console Command List

4hile many people ha%e grown to en2oy the luxuries of the KD'+ Kraphical

Dser 'nterface+ many system administrators and hobbyists en2oy using the

CL'+ command line interface+ This has long been the attraction for D,'; and

Linux loyalists. They li$e going into the soul of the >S and using a much more powerful interface. 4hile most of the applications that people utili

CL'. 7ut+ before you can use the CL' you must $now the commands for using it. This is a complete list of commands that are found in the ;P command line en%ironment. 'n the pre%ious chapter we loo$ed at the basic D,'; to

4indows differences in commands+ this is the more expansi%e list of 4indows ;P commands. 'n the final chapter ' reference new 4indows ;P and Ser%er 83 specific commands. Please note that this listing is a reference only and it is more geared toward the command line expert. To find out proper syntax for a specific command+ type:

command A5M or please refer to )icrosoft-s Command Line page http:AAwww.microsoft.comAtechnetAprodtechnolAwinxpproAproddocsAntcmds.asp

Return to top of page

0rp  *isplays and modifies entries in the 0ddress Resolution Protocol !0RP" cache+ which contains one or more tables that are used to store 'P addresses and their resol%ed thernet or To$en Ring physical addresses. There is a separate table for each thernet or To$en Ring networ$ adapter installed on your computer. Dsed without parameters+ arp displays help.

0ssoc  *isplays or modifies file name extension associations. Dsed without parameters+ asso" displays a list of all the current file name extension associations.

0t  Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer at a specified time and date. ou can use at only when the Schedule ser%ice is running. Dsed without parameters+ at lists scheduled commands.

0tmadm  )onitors connections and addresses that are registered by the 0T) Call )anager on an asynchronous transfer mode !0T)" networ$. ou can use atmadm to display statistics for incoming and outgoing calls on 0T) adapters. Dsed without parameters+ atmadm displays statistics for monitoring the status of acti%e 0T) connections.

0ttrib  *isplays+ sets+ or remo%es the readonly+ archi%e+ system+ and hidden attributes assigned to files or directories. Dsed without parameters+ attrib displays attributes of all files in the current directory.

7ootcfg  Configures+ #ueries+ or changes 7oot.ini file settings.

7rea$  4indows ;P does not use this command. 't is accepted only for compatibility with )S*>S files.

Cacls  *isplays or modifies discretionary access control list !*0CL" files.

Call  Calls one batch program from another without stopping the parent batch program. The "all command accepts labels as the target of the call. Call has no effect at the commandline when used outside of a script or batch file.

Change Q Dsed for terminal ser%ices only+ changes logon+ boot properties on remote nodes

Chcp  *isplays the number of the acti%e console code page+ or changes the console6s acti%e console code page. Dsed without parameters+ "h"p displays the number of the acti%e console code page.

Chdir  *isplays the name of the current directory or changes the current folder. Dsed with only a dri%e letter !for example+ "hdir C:"+ "hdir displays the names of the current dri%e and folder. Dsed without parameters+ "hdir displays the current dri%e and directory.

Ch$ds$ Q Chec$s dis$s for errors+ replaces Scandis$ used in earlier %ersions of 4indows

Ch$ntfs Q Chec$s the integrity of the filesystem. >nly wor$s on dri%es configured to use ,T/S

Cipher  *isplays or alters the encryption of folders and files on ,T/S %olumes. Dsed without parameters+ "ipher displays the encryption state of the current folder and any files it contains.

Cls Q Clears the console windows

Cmd Q >pens a new console

Cmstp  'nstalls or remo%es a Connection )anager ser%ice profile. Dsed without optional parameters+ "mstp installs a ser%ice profile with default settings appropriate to the operating system and to the user6s permissions.

Color  Changes the Command Prompt window foreground and bac$ground colors for the current session.

Comp  Compares the contents of two files or sets of files byte by byte.

Compact  *isplays and alters the compression of files or directories on ,T/S partitions. Dsed without parameters+ "ompa"t displays the compression state of the current directory. Con%ert Q Con%erts /0T 38 dri%es to ,T/S+ not recommended for flash media or dis$s used in non,T systems

Copy  Copies one or more files from one location to another.

Cprofile  Cleans specified profiles of wasted space and+ if userspecific file associations are disabled+ remo%es these associations from the registry. Profiles that are currently in use are not modified.

*ate Q *isplays the current date

*efrag Q *efragments the target dri%e. *o not use on third party filesystems ie ;/S+ N/S+ ;T8+ Reiser/S as it will corrupt the data on those dri%es

*el Q *eletes specified files

*ir Q Lists the contents of current directory

*is$comp  Compares the contents of two floppy dis$s

*is$copy Q Copies contents of floppy dis$s

*is$Part  *is$Part.exe is a textmode command interpreter that enables you to manage ob2ects !dis$s+ partitions+ or %olumes" by using scripts or direct input from a command prompt

*os$ey  Calls *os$ey.exe+ which recalls 4indows ;P commands+ edits command lines+ and creates macros.

*ri%er#uery Q Lists all acti%e dri%ers on a specified system+ may also be used remotely %ia Terminal Ser%ices.

cho  Turns the commandechoing feature on or off

ndlocal  nds locali

%entcreate  nables an administrator to create a custom e%ent in a specified e%ent log

%ent#uery  Lists the e%ents and e%ent properties from one or more e%ent logs.

%ntcmd  *isplays and configures e%ent triggers on local or remote machines.

xit Q xits console session

xpand Q xpands files compressed files that were created using the "ompress command

& /c  Compares two files and displays the differences between them.

/ind  Searches for a specific string of text in a file or files

/indstr  Searches for patterns of text in files using regular expressions.

Finger 66 Aisplays information about a user or users on a speified remote omputer Etypially a omputer running M:#DHinu) that is running the Finger ser+ie or daemon' The remote omputer speifies the format and output of the user information display' Msed "ithout parameters, finger displays help' Flattemp 66 .nables or disables flat temporary folders'

/or  Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.

/ormat Q /ormats the target dri%e

/sutil  a commandline utility that you can use to perform many /0T and ,T/S file system related tas$s+ such as managing reparse points+ managing sparse files+ dismounting a %olume+ or extending a %olume. 7ecause fsutil is #uite powerful+ ad%anced users who ha%e a thorough $nowledge of 4indows ;P should only use it.

W!'(I() Q Dsing this command can completely destroy a 4indows ;PASer%er 83 'nstallation+ use with extreme care.

/tp Q 0llows a user to interact with an /TP ser%er

/type  *isplays or modifies file types used in file name extension associations

)

Ketmac Q Returns the media access control !)0C" address and list of networ$ protocols associated with each address for all networ$ cards in each computer+ either locally or across a networ$.

Koto  4ithin a batch program+ directs 4indows ;P to a line identified by a label. 4hen the label is found+ it processes the commands that begin on the next line.

Kpresult  *isplays Kroup Policy settings and Resultant Set of Policy !RS>P" for a user or a computer.

Kpupdate  Refreshes local and 0cti%e *irectorybased Kroup Policy settings+ including security settings. This command supersedes the now obsolete *refreshpoli"y option for the se"edit command.

Kraftabl  nables the ability to display an extended character set in graphics mode.

Felp Q Pro%ides online information about system commands !that is+ nonnetwor$ commands".

Felpctr  Starts Felp and Support Center

Fostname  *isplays the host name portion of the full computer name of the computer.

I 'f  Performs conditional processing in batch programs

'pconfig Q Shows and allows modification of 'P addresses assigned to local and remote nodes.

'pseccmd  Configures 'nternet Protocol Security !'PSec" policies in a directory ser%ice or in a local or remote registry.

'pxroute  *isplays and modifies information about the routing tables used by the 'P; protocol.

'rftp  Sends files o%er an infrared lin$. Dsed without parameters or used with *s+ irftp opens the Wireless ,in dialog box+ where you can select the files that you want to send without using the command line.

Label  Creates+ changes+ or deletes the name of a dis$

Lodctr  Registers new Performance counter names and xplain text for a ser%ice or de%ice dri%er+ and sa%es and restores counter settings and xplain text.

Logman  )anages and schedules performance counter and e%ent trace log collections on local and remote systems.

Lp#  *isplays the status of a print #ueue on a computer running Line Printer *aemon LP*". Dsed without parameters+ lp. displays commandline help for the lp. command.

Lpr  Sends a file to a computer running Line Printer *aemon !LP*" in preparation for printing.

)acfile  Dse the ma"file commands at the command prompt to manage /ile Ser%er for )acintosh ser%ers+ %olumes+ directories+ and files+ for use with the 0ppleShare protocol.

)$dir !md" Q Creates a directory

)mc Q Launches the )icrosoft )anagement Console+ and ad%anced configuration utility in 4indows ,T BA8A;P systems

)ode  *isplays system status+ changes system settings+ or reconfigures ports or de%ices

)ore  *isplays one screen of output at a time.

)ount%ol  Creates+ deletes+ or lists a %olume mount point. /ountvol is a way to lin$ %olumes without re#uiring a dri%e letter. Dsually D,';ALinuxA)acintosh %olumes

)o%e  )o%es one or more files from one directory to the specified directory.

)siexec  Pro%ides the means to install+ modify+ and perform operations on 4indows 'nstaller from the command line.

)sinfo38  *isplays a comprehensi%e %iew of your hardware+ system components+ and software en%ironment. (

,btstat  *isplays ,et7'>S o%er TCPA'P !,et7T" protocol statistics+ ,et7'>S name tables for both the local computer and remote computers+ and the ,et7'>S name cache.

,etstat  *isplays acti%e TCP connections+ ports on which the computer is listening+ thernet statistics+ the 'P routing table+ 'P%B statistics !for the 'P+ 'C)P+ TCP+ and D*P protocols"+ and 'P%E statistics !for the 'P%E+ 'C)P%E+ TCP o%er 'P%E+ and D*P o%er 'P%E protocols".

,sloo$up  *isplays information that you can use to diagnose *omain ,ame System !*,S" infrastructure. 7efore using this tool+ you should be familiar with how *,S wor$s. The ,sloo$up commandline tool is a%ailable only if you ha%e installed the TCPA'P protocol.

,tbac$up  Perform bac$up operations at a command prompt or from a batch file using the ntba"up command followed by %arious switches

,tcmdprompt  Runs the command interpreter Cmd.exe+ rather than Command.com+ after running a TSR or after starting the command prompt from within an )S*>S application.

,tsd  is included as a courtesy to software de%elopers. >nly system de%elopers should use this command. /or more information+ see the help switch with ,TS*.

>penfiles  ueries or displays open files. 0lso #ueries+ displays+ or disconnects files opened by networ$ users.

Pagefileconfig Q Configuration command for the paging file. W!'(I() Q Dsing this command can completely destroy a 4indows ;PASer%er 83 'nstallation+ use with extreme care.

Path  Sets the command path in the P0TF en%ironment %ariable+

Pathping  Pro%ides information about networ$ latency and networ$ loss at intermediate hops between a source and destination. Pathpin sends multiple cho Re#uest messages to each router between a source and destination o%er a period of time and then computes results based on the pac$ets returned from each router.

Pause  Suspends processing of a batch program and displays a message prompting the user to press any $ey to continue.

Pbadmin  0dministers phone boo$s. Dsed without parameters

Pentnt  *etects floating point di%ision error !if present" in the Pentium chip+ disables floating point hardware+ and turns on floating point emulation.

Ping  @erifies 'Ple%el connecti%ity to another TCPA'P computer by sending 'nternet Control )essage Protocol !'C)P" cho Re#uest messages.

Popd  Changes the current directory to the directory stored by the pushd command.

Print  Sends a text file to a printer

Prncnfg  Configures or displays configuration information about a printer. Prndr%r  0dds+ deletes+ and lists printer dri%ers.

Prn2obs  Pauses+ resumes+ cancels+ and lists print 2obs.

Prnmngr  0dds+ deletes+ and lists printers or printer connections+ in addition to setting and displaying the default printer.

Prnport  Creates+ deletes+ and lists standard TCPA'P printer ports+ in addition to displaying and changing port configuration.

Prn#ctl  Prints a test page+ pauses or resumes a printer+ and clears a printer #ueue.

Prompt  Changes the Cmd.exe prompt to the default settings

Pushd  Stores the name of the current directory for use by the popd command before changing the current directory to the specified directory.

uery Q /or use with a Terminal Ser%er

Rasdial  ou can automate the connection process for any )icrosoft client by using a simple batch file and the rasdial command.

Rcp  Copies files between a 4indows ;P computer and a system running rshd+ the remote shell ser%ice !daemon"

Reco%er Q 0llows a user to reco%er a corrupted or deleted file by listing the directory and name where the file was last located. 0lso can be used to reco%er files from a bad or defecti%e dis$.

Reg  0dds+ changes+ and displays registry sub$ey information and %alues in registry entries.

Regs%r38  This commandline tool registers .dll files as command components in the registry.

Relog  xtracts performance counters from performance counter logs into other formats+ such as text-TS1 !for tabdelimited text"+ text-CS1 !for commadelimited text"+ binary- $I(+ or S0,.

Rem  0llows a user to add remar$s to a batch file

Rename  Changes the name of a file or a set of files.

Replace  Replaces files in the destination directory with files in the source directory that ha%e the same name.

Reset session  nables you to reset !delete" a session from the terminal ser%er.

Rexec  Runs commands on remote computers running the Rexec ser%ice !daemon".

Rmdir Q Remo%es a directory

Route  *isplays and modifies the entries in the local 'P routing table. Rsh  Runs commands on remote computers running the RSF ser%ice or daemon.

Rsm  )anages media resources using Remo%able Storage. Dsing the rsm command+ you can run batch scripts for applications that do not currently support the Remo%able Storage 0P'.

Runas Q 0llows a user to run tools or commands as a different user+ usually as the administrator. )ust ha%e and 0dmins logon and password.

Sc  Communicates with the Ser%ice Controller and installed ser%ices.

Schtas$s Q 0llows a user to schedule a tas$.

Secedit  Configures and analy

Set  *isplays+ sets+ or remo%es en%ironment %ariables.

Setlocal  Starts locali

Shift  Changes the position of batch parameters in a batch file.

Sort  Reads input+ sorts data+ and writes the results to the screen+ to a file+ or to another de%ice

Start  Starts a separate Command Prompt window to run a specified program or command.

Subst  0ssociates a path with a dri%e letter.

Systeminfo Q *isplays detailed configuration information about a computer and its operating system+ including operating system configuration+ security information+ product

'*+ and hardware properties+ such as R0)+ dis$ space+ and networ$ cards.

Sfc Q System /ile Chec$er+ Scans and %erifies the %ersions of all protected system files after you restart your computer.

Tas$$ill  0llows a user to $ill a tas$ using the P'* number+ user must ha%e permissions to a tas$ in order to $ill it.

Tas$list  *isplays a list of applications and ser%ices with their Process '* !P'*" for all tas$s running on either a local or a remote computer.

Tcmsetup  Sets up or disables the T0P' client.

Telnet Q allows users to communicate with a remote computer that is using the Telnet protocol

Tftp  Transfers files to and from a remote computer+ typically a computer running D,';+ that is running the Tri%ial /ile Transfer Protocol !T/TP" ser%ice or daemon. Time Q *isplays current time

Title  Creates a title for the command prompt window.

Tracerpt  Processes e%ent trace logs or realtime data from instrumented e%ent trace pro%iders and allows you to generate trace analysis reports and CS1 !commadelimited" files for the e%ents generated.

Tracert  *etermines the path ta$en to a destination by sending 'nternet Control )essage Protocol !'C)P" cho Re#uest messages to the destination with incrementally increasing Time to Li%e !TTL" field %alues.

Tree Q Kraphically displays the directory structure of a path or of the dis$ in a dri%e.

Type  *isplays the contents of a text file. Dse the type command to %iew a text file without modifying it.

Typeperf  4rites performance counter data to the command window+ or to a supported log file format. To stop Typeperf + press CTRLC.

Dnlodctr  Remo%es Performance counter names and xplain text for a ser%ice or de%ice dri%er from the system registry

@er  *isplays the 4indows ;P %ersion number

@erify  4indows ;P does not use this command. 't is accepted only for compatibility with )S*>S files.

@ol  *isplays the dis$ %olume label and serial number+ if they exist. 0 serial number is displayed for a dis$ formatted with )S*>S %ersion B. or later.

@ssadmin  *isplays current %olume shadow copy bac$ups and all installed shadow copy writers and pro%iders in the command window.

438tm  0 tool used to diagnose problems occurring with 4indows Time

4innt  Performs an installation of or upgrade to 4indows ;P. 'f you ha%e hardware that is compatible with 4indows ;P+ you can run #innt at a 4indows 3. x or )S*>S command prompt.

!innt32 66 $erforms an installation of or upgrade to !indo"s #$' -ou an run winnt)" at the ommand prompt on a omputer running !indo"s 3'), !indo"s I>, !indo"s I8, !indo"s illennium .dition, !indo"s :T 3')@='), !indo"s 2000, or !indo"s #$'

;copy  Copies files and directories+ including subdirectories.

Return to top of page ). ,ew Co##and @ine tools in Windows XP(Serer "99)

These are the new tools beyond the basic *>S commands that were added to 4indows

;P bootcfg  Configures+ #ueries+ or changes 7oot.ini file settings. defrag  Locates and consolidates fragmented boot files+ data files+ and folders on local %olumes. dis$part  )anages dis$s+ partitions+ or %olumes. dri%er#uery  ueries for a list of dri%ers and dri%er properties. e%entcreate  nables an administrator to create a custom e%ent in a specified e%ent log. e%ent#uery  Lists the e%ents and e%ent properties from one or more e%ent logs. e%enttriggers  *isplays and configures e%ent triggers on local or remote machines. fsutil  )anages reparse points+ managing sparse files+ dismounting a %olume+ or extending a %olume. getmac  >btains the media access control !)0C" address and list of networ$ protocols helpctr  Starts Felp and Support Center. ipseccmd  Configures 'nternet Protocol Security !'PSec" policies in the directory ser%ice+ or in a local or remote registry. 'pseccmd is a commandline %ersion of the 'P Security Policies )icrosoft )anagement Console !))C" snapin. logman  )anages and schedules performance counter and e%ent trace log collections on local and remote systems. openfiles  ueries+ displays+ or disconnects open files. pagefileconfig  *isplays and configures the paging file @irtual )emory settings of a system. perfmon  nables you to open a Performance console configured with settings files from 4indows ,T B. %ersion of Performance )onitor. prncnfg  Configures or displays configuration information about a printer. prndr%r  0dds+ deletes+ and lists printer dri%ers from local or remote print ser%ers. prn2obs  Pauses+ resumes+ cancels+ and lists print 2obs. prnmngr  0dds+ deletes+ and lists printers or printer connections+ in addition to setting and displaying the default printer. prnport  Creates+ deletes+ and lists standard TCPA'P printer ports+ in addition to displaying and changing port configuration. prn#ctl  Prints a test page+ pauses or resumes a printer+ and clears a printer #ueue. Relog  xtracts performance counters from performance counter logs into other formats+ such as textTS@ !for tabdelimited text"+ textCS@ !for commadelimited text"+ binary 7',+ or SL. sc  Retrie%es and sets information about ser%ices. Tests and debugs ser%ice programs. schtas$s  Schedules commands and programs to run periodically or at a specific time. 0dds and remo%es tas$s from the schedule+ starts and stops tas$s on demand+ and displays and changes scheduled tas$s. shutdown  Shuts down or restarts a local or remote computer. systeminfo  ueries the system for basic system configuration information. tas$$ill  nds one or more tas$s or processes. tas$list  *isplays a list of applications+ ser%ices+ and the Process '* !P'*" currently running on either a local or a remote computer. tracerpt  Processes e%ent trace logs or realtime data from instrumented e%ent trace pro%iders and allows you to generate trace analysis reports and CS@ !commadelimited" files for the e%ents generated. typeperf  4rites performance counter data to the command window or to a supported log file format.

4)'C  ases the use of 4indows )anagement 'nstrumentation !4)'" and systems managed through 4)'.

Command Prompt Definitions

9ommand Aefinitions

0PP,*

0llows programs to open data files in specified directories as if they were in

The current directory.

0PP,* UUdri%e:VpathU=...VV UA;U:>, W :>//VV UAP0TF:>, W AP0TF:>//V UAV

0PP,* =

Udri%e:Vpath Specifies a dri%e and directory to append.

A;:>, 0pplies appended directories to file searches and

application execution.

A;:>// 0pplies appended directories only to re#uests to open files. A;:>// is the default setting.

AP0TF:>, 0pplies appended directories to file re#uests that already

specify a path. AP0TF:>, is the default setting.

AP0TF:>// Turns off the effect of AP0TF:>,.

A Stores a copy of the appended directory list in an en%ironment

%ariable named 0PP,*. A may be used only the first time

you use 0PP,* after starting your system.

Type 0PP,* = to clear the appended directory list.

Type 0PP,* without parameters to display the appended directory list.

0RP

*isplays and modifies the 'PtoPhysical address translation tables used by address resolution protocol !0RP".

0RP s inetXaddr ethXaddr UifXaddrV

0RP d inetXaddr UifXaddrV

0RP a UinetXaddrV U, ifXaddrV

a *isplays current 0RP entries by interrogating the current

protocol data. 'f inetXaddr is specified+ the 'P and Physical

addresses for only the specified computer are displayed. 'f

more than one networ$ interface uses 0RP+ entries for each 0RP

table are displayed.

g Same as a.

inetXaddr Specifies an internet address.

, ifXaddr *isplays the 0RP entries for the networ$ interface specified

by ifXaddr.

d *eletes the host specified by inetXaddr. inetXaddr may be

wildcarded with Y to delete all hosts.

s 0dds the host and associates the 'nternet address inetXaddr

with the Physical address ethXaddr. The Physical address is gi%en as E hexadecimal bytes separated by hyphens. The entry

is permanent.

ethXaddr Specifies a physical address.

ifXaddr 'f present+ this specifies the 'nternet address of the

interface whose address translation table should be modified.

'f not present+ the first applicable interface will be used.

xample:

M arp s 9G.99.H9.88 aaE8cEI .... 0dds a static entry.

M arp a .... *isplays the arp table.

0SS>C

*isplays or modifies file extension associations

0SS>C U.extUZUfileTypeVVV

.ext Specifies the file extension to associate the file type with

fileType Specifies the file type to associate with the file extension

Type 0SS>C without parameters to display the current file associations.

'f 0SS>C is in%o$ed with 2ust a file extension+ it displays the current file association for that file extension. Specify nothing for the file type and the command will delete the association for the file extension.

The 0T command schedules commands and programs to run on a computer at a specified time and date. The Schedule ser%ice must be running to use the 0T command.

0T U[[computernameV U UidV UA*LTV W A*LT UASVV

0T U[[computernameV time UA',TR0CT'@V

U A@R:dateU+...V W A,;T:dateU+...VV command

[[computername Specifies a remote computer. Commands are scheduled on the

local computer if this parameter is omitted. id 's an identification number assigned to a scheduled command.

Adelete Cancels a scheduled command. 'f id is omitted+ all the

scheduled commands on the computer are canceled.

Ayes Dsed with cancel all 2obs command when no further

confirmation is desired. time Specifies the time when command is to run.

Ainteracti%e 0llows the 2ob to interact with the des$top of the user

who is logged on at the time the 2ob runs.

Ae%ery:dateU+...V Runs the command on each specified day!s" of the wee$ or

month. 'f date is omitted+ the current day of the month

is assumed.

Anext:dateU+...V Runs the specified command on the next occurrence of the

day !for example+ next Thursday". 'f date is omitted+ the

current day of the month is assumed.

command 's the 4indows ,T command+ or batch program to be run.

0TTR'7

*isplays or changes file attributes.

0TTR'7 UR W RV U0 W 0 V US W SV UF W FV Udri%e:VUpathVUfilenameV

UAS UA*VV

 Sets an attribute.

 Clears an attribute.

R Readonly file attribute.

0 0rchi%e file attribute.

S System file attribute.

F Fidden file attribute.

Udri%e:VUpathVUfilenameV

Specifies a file or files for attrib to process.

AS Processes matching files in the current folder and all subfolders.

A* Processes folders as well.

0T)0*)

4indows 0T) Call )anager

Dsage: atmadm UoptionsV

where options are one or more of:

c List all connections

a List all registered addresses

s *isplay Statistics

7>>TC/K

7>>TC/K Aparameter UargumentsV

*escription:

This command line tool can be used to configure+ #uery+ change or

*elete the boot entry settings in the 7>>T.',' file.

Parameter List:

ACopy )a$es a copy of an existing boot entry Uoperating

systemsV section for which you can add >S options to.

A*elete *eletes an existing boot entry in the Uoperating

systemsV section of the 7>>T.',' file. ou must specify

the entry\ to delete.

Auery *isplays the current boot entries and their settings.

ARaw 0llows the user to specify any switch options to be

added for a specified boot entry.

ATimeout 0llows the user to change the Timeout %alue.

A*efault 0llows the user to change the *efault boot entry.

A)S 0llows the user to configure the Aredirect switch

for headless support for a boot entry.

A*ebug 0llows the user to specify the port and baudrate for remote debugging for a specified boot entry.

A0ddsw 0llows the user to add predefined switches for

a specific boot entry.

ARmsw 0llows the user to remo%e predefined switches for a

specific boot entry.

A*bg3IB 0llows the user to configure 3IB port debugging

for a specified boot entry.

A5 *isplays this helpAusage.

xamples:

7>>TC/K ACopy A5

7>>TC/K A*elete A5

7>>TC/K Auery A5

7>>TC/K ARaw A5

7>>TC/K ATimeout A5

7>>TC/K A)S A5

7>>TC/K A*ebug A5

7>>TC/K A0ddsw A5

7>>TC/K ARmsw A5

7>>TC/K A*bg3IB A5

7>>TC/K A*efault A5

7>>TC/K A5

7R0?

Sets or Clears xtended CTRLC chec$ing on *>S system

7R0?

This is present for Compatibility with *>S systems. 't has no effect under 4indows ;P.

'f Command xtensions are enabled+ and running on the 4indows ;P platform+ then the 7R0? command will enter a hard coded brea$point if being debugged by a debugger.

C0CLS

*isplays or modifies access control lists !0CLs" of files

C0CLS filename UATV UAV UACV UAK user:permV UAR user U...VV

UAP user:perm U...VV UA* user U...VV

filename *isplays 0CLs.

AT Changes 0CLs of specified files in

the current directory and all subdirectories.

A dit 0CL instead of replacing it.

AC Continue on access denied errors.

AK user:perm Krant specified user access rights.

Perm can be: R Read

4 4rite

C Change !write"

/ /ull control

AR user Re%o$e specified user6s access rights !only %alid with A".

AP user:perm Replace specified user6s access rights.

Perm can be: , ,one

R Read

4 4rite

C Change !write"

/ /ull control

A* user *eny specified user access.

4ildcards can be used to specify more that one file in a command.

ou can specify more than one user in a command.

0bbre%iations:

C'  Container 'nherit.

The 0C will be inherited by directories. >'  >b2ect 'nherit.

The 0C will be inherited by files.

'>  'nherit >nly.

The 0C does not apply to the current fileAdirectory.

C0LL

Calls one batch program from another.

C0LL Udri%e:VUpathVfilename UbatchparametersV

batchparameters Specifies any commandline information re#uired by the

batch program.

'f Command xtensions are enabled C0LL changes as follows:

C0LL command now accepts labels as the target of the C0LL. The syntax is:

C0LL :label arguments

0 new batch file context is created with the specified arguments and control is passed to the statement after the label specified. ou must

exit twice by reaching the end of the batch script file twice. The first time you read the end+ control will return to 2ust after the C0LL statement. The second time will exit the batch script. Type K>T> A5 for a description of the K>T> :>/ extension that will allow you to

return from a batch script.

'n addition+ expansion of batch script argument references !]+ ]+ etc." ha%e been changed as follows:

]Y in a batch script refers to all the arguments !e.g. ] ]8 ]3

]B ]9 ..."

Substitution of batch parameters !]n" has been enhanced. ou can

now use the following optional syntax:

]^  expands ] remo%ing any surrounding #uotes !"

]^f  expands ] to a fully #ualified path name ]^d  expands ] to a dri%e letter only

]^p  expands ] to a path only

]^n  expands ] to a file name only

]^x  expands ] to a file extension only

]^s  expanded path contains short names only

]^a  expands ] to file attributes

]^t  expands ] to dateAtime of file

]^<  expands ] to si

]^_P0TF:  searches the directories listed in the P0TF

en%ironment %ariable and expands ] to the fully

#ualified name of the first one found. 'f the

en%ironment %ariable name is not defined or the

file is not found by the search+ then this

modifier expands to the empty string

The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:

]^dp  expands ] to a dri%e letter and path only

]^nx  expands ] to a file name and extension only

]^dp_P0TF:  searches the directories listed in the P0TF

en%ironment %ariable for ] and expands to the

dri%e letter and path of the first one found.

]^ft

'n the abo%e examples ] and P0TF can be replaced by other

%alid %alues. The ]^ syntax is terminated by a %alid argument

number. The ]^ modifiers may not be used with ]Y

C* J CF*'R

*isplays the name of or changes the current directory.

CF*'R UA*V Udri%e:VUpathV

CF*'R U..V C* UA*V Udri%e:VUpathV

C* U..V

.. Specifies that you want to change to the parent directory.

Type C* dri%e: to display the current directory in the specified dri%e.

Type C* without parameters to display the current dri%e and directory.

Dse the A* switch to change current dri%e in addition to changing current directory for a dri%e.

'f Command xtensions are enabled CF*'R changes as follows:

The current directory string is con%erted to use the same case as the on dis$ names. So C* C:[T)P would actually set the current directory to C:[Temp if that is the case on dis$.

CF*'R command does not treat spaces as delimiters+ so it is possible to

C* into a subdirectory name that contains a space without surrounding the name with #uotes. /or example:

cd [winnt[profiles[username[programs[start menu is the same as:

cd [winnt[profiles[username[programs[start menu which is what you would ha%e to type if extensions were disabled.

CFCP

*isplays or sets the acti%e code page number.

CFCP UnnnV

nnn Specifies a code page number.

Type CFCP without a parameter to display the acti%e code page number.

CF?*S?

Chec$s a dis$ and displays a status report.

CF?*S? U%olumeUUpathVfilenameVVV UA/V UA@V UARV UA;V UA'V UACV UALU:si

%olume Specifies the dri%e letter !followed by a colon"+

mount point+ or %olume name. filename /0TA/0T38 only: Specifies the files to chec$ for fragmentation.

A/ /ixes errors on the dis$.

A@ >n /0TA/0T38: *isplays the full path and name of e%ery file

on the dis$.

>n ,T/S: *isplays cleanup messages if any.

AR Locates bad sectors and reco%ers readable information

!implies A/".

AL:si

of $ilobytes. 'f si

A; /orces the %olume to dismount first if necessary.

0ll opened handles to the %olume would then be in%alid

!implies A/".

A' ,T/S only: Performs a less %igorous chec$ of index entries.

AC ,T/S only: S$ips chec$ing of cycles within the folder

structure.

The A' or AC switch reduces the amount of time re#uired to run Ch$ds$ by s$ipping certain chec$s of the %olume.

CF?,T/S

*isplays or modifies the chec$ing of dis$ at boot time.

CF?,T/S %olume U...V

CF?,T/S A*

CF?,T/S ATU:timeV

CF?,T/S A; %olume U...V

CF?,T/S AC %olume U...V

%olume Specifies the dri%e letter !followed by a colon"+

mount point+ or %olume name.

A* Restores the machine to the default beha%ior= all dri%es are chec$ed at boot time and ch$ds$ is run on those that are

dirty.

AT:time Changes the 0DT>CF? initiation countdown time to the

specified amount of time in seconds. 'f time is not

specified+ displays the current setting.

A; xcludes a dri%e from the default boottime chec$. xcluded

dri%es are not accumulated between command in%ocations.

AC Schedules a dri%e to be chec$ed at boot time= ch$ds$ will run

if the dri%e is dirty.

'f no switches are specified+ CF?,T/S will display if the specified dri%e is dirty or scheduled to be chec$ed on next reboot.

C'PFR

*isplays or alters the encryption of directories UfilesV on ,T/S partitions.

C'PFR UA W A*V UAS:directoryV UA0V UA'V UA/V UAV UAFV Upathname U...VV

C'PFR A?

C'PFR AR:filename

C'PFR AD UA,V

C'PFR A4:directory

C'PFR A;U:efsfileV UfilenameV

A0 >perates on files as well as directories. The encrypted file

could become decrypted when it is modified if the parent

directory is not encrypted. 't is recommended that you encrypt

the file and the parent directory.

A* *ecrypts the specified directories. *irectories will be mar$ed

so that files added afterward will not be encrypted.

A ncrypts the specified directories. *irectories will be mar$ed

so that files added afterward will be encrypted.

A/ /orces the encryption operation on all specified ob2ects+ e%en those which are already encrypted. 0lreadyencrypted ob2ects

are s$ipped by default.

AF *isplays files with the hidden or system attributes. These

files are omitted by default.

A' A' Continues performing the specified operation e%en after errors

ha%e occurred. 7y default+ C'PFR stops when an error isis

encountered.

A? Creates new file encryption $ey for the user running C'PFR. 'f 'f

this option is chosen+ all the other options will be ignored.

A, This option only wor$s with AD. This will pre%ent $eys being

updated. This is used to find all the encrypted files on the

local dri%es.

A Reports only the most essential information.

AR Kenerates an /S reco%ery agent $ey and certificate+ then writes

them to a .P/; file !containing certificate and pri%ate $ey" and

a a .CR file !containing only the certificate". 0n administrator

may add the contents of the .CR to the /S reco%ery policy toto

create the reco%ery agent for users+ and import the .P/; toto

reco%er indi%idual files.

AS Performs the specified operation on directories in the gi%en

directory and all subdirectories.

AD TrTries to touch all the encrypted files on local dri%es. This will

update user6s file encryption $ey or reco%ery agent6s $ey to the

current ones if they are changed. This option does not wor$ with

other options except A,.

A4 Remo%es data from a%ailable unused dis$ space on the entire

%olume. 'f this option is chosen+ all other options are ignored.

The directory specified can be anywhere in a local %olume. 'f itit is is a mount point or points to a directory in another %olume+ the

data on that %olume will be remo%ed.

A; 7ac$up /S certificate and $eys into file filename. 'f efsfile isis

pro%ided+ the current user6s certificate!s" used to encrypt the

file will be bac$ed up. >therwise+ the user6s current /S

certificate and $eys will be bac$ed up.

directory 0 directory path.

filename 0 filename without extensions.

pathname Specifies a pattern+ file or directory.

efsfile 0n encrypted file path.

Dsed without parameters+ C'PFR displays the encryption state of

the current directory and any files it contains. ou may use multiple

directory names and wildcards. ou must put spaces between multiple

parameters.

CLS

Clears the screen.

CLS

C)*

Starts a new instance of the 4indows ;P command interpreter

C)* UA0 W ADV UAV UA*V UA:>, W A:>//V UA/:>, W A/:>//V UA@:>, W A@:>//V

UUASV UAC W A?V stringV

AC Carries out the command specified by string and then terminateses

A? Carries out the command specified by string but remains

AS )odifies the treatment of string after AC or A? !see below"

A TuTurns echo off

A* *isable execution of 0utoRun commands from registry !see below"

A0 Causes the output of internal commands to a pipe or file to be 0,S'

AD Causes the output of internal commands to a pipe or file to be Dnicode

AT:fg Sets the foregroundAbac$ground colors !see C>L>R A5 for more info"

A:>, nable command extensions !see below"

A:>// *isable command extensions !see below"

A/:>, nable file and directory name completion characters !see below"

A/:>// *isable file and directory name completion characters !see below"

A@:>, nable delayed en%ironment %ariable expansion using 1 as the

delimiter. /or example+ A@:>, would allow 1%ar1 to expand the

%ariable %ar at execution time. The %ar syntax expands %ariables

at input time+ which is #uite a different thing when inside of a />R

loop.

A@:>// *isable delayed en%ironment expansion.

,ote that multiple commands separated by the command separator 6JJ6 are accepted for string if surrounded by #uotes. 0lso+ for compatibility reasons+ A; is the same as A:>,+ A is the same as A:>// and AR is the same as AC. 0ny other switches are ignored.

'f AC or A? is specified+ then the remainder of the command line after the switch is processed as a command line+ where the following logic is used to process #uote !" characters:

. 'f all of the following conditions are met+ then #uote characters

on the command line are preser%ed:

  no AS switch

  exactly two #uote characters

  no special characters between the two #uote characters+

where special is one of: JM!"`W

  there are one or more whitespace characters between the

the two #uote characters

  the string between the two #uote characters is the name of an executable file.

8. >therwise+ old beha%ior is to see if the first character is

a #uote character and if so+ strip the leading character and

remo%e the last #uote character on the command line+ preser%ing

any text after the last #uote character.

'f A* was ,>T specified on the command line+ then when C)*.; starts+ it loo$s for the following RKXSARKX;P0,*XS registry %ariables+ and if either or both are present+ they are executed first.

F?XL>C0LX)0CF',[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[0utoRun

andAor

F?XCDRR,TXDSR[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[0utoRun

Command xtensions are enabled by default. ou may also disable extensions for a particular in%ocation by using the A:>// switch. ou can enable or disable extensions for all in%ocations of C)*.; on a machine andAor user logon session by setting either or both of the following RKX*4>R* %alues in the registry using RK*T38.;:

F?XL>C0LX)0CF',[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[nablextensions

andAor

F?XCDRR,TXDSR[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[nablextensions to either x or x. The user specific setting ta$es precedence o%er the machine setting. The command line switches ta$e precedence o%er the registry settings.

The command extensions in%ol%e changes andAor additions to the following commands:

*L or R0S

C>L>R

C* or CF*'R

)* or )?*'R PR>)PT

PDSF*

P>P*

ST

STL>C0L

,*L>C0L

/>R

C0LL

SF'/T

K>T>

ST0RT !also includes changes to external command in%ocation"

0SS>C

/TP

To get specific details+ type commandname A5 to %iew the specifics.

*elayed en%ironment %ariable expansion is ,>T enabled by default. ou can enable or disable delayed en%ironment %ariable expansion for a particular in%ocation of C)*.; with the A@:>, or A@:>// switch. ou can enable or disable completion for all in%ocations of C)*.; on a machine andAor user logon session by setting either or both of the following RKX*4>R* %alues in the registry using RK*T38.;:

F?XL>C0LX)0CF',[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[*elayedxpansion

andAor

F?XCDRR,TXDSR[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[*elayedxpansion to either x or x. The user specific setting ta$es precedence o%er the machine setting. The command line switches ta$e precedence o%er the registry settings.

'f delayed en%ironment %ariable expansion is enabled+ then the exclamation character can be used to substitute the %alue of an en%ironment %ariable at execution time.

/ile and *irectory name completion is ,>T enabled by default. ou can enable or disable file name completion for a particular in%ocation of

C)*.; with the A/:>, or A/:>// switch. ou can enable or disable completion for all in%ocations of C)*.; on a machine andAor user logon session by setting either or both of the following RKX*4>R* %alues in the registry using RK*T38.;:

F?XL>C0LX)0CF',[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[CompletionChar

F?XL>C0LX)0CF',[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[PathCompletionChar

andAor

F?XCDRR,TXDSR[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[CompletionChar

F?XCDRR,TXDSR[Software[)icrosoft[Command Processor[PathCompletionChar with the hex %alue of a control character to use for a particular function !e.g. xB is Ctrl* and xE is Ctrl/". The user specific settings ta$e precedence o%er the machine settings. The command line switches ta$e precedence o%er the registry settings.

'f completion is enabled with the A/:>, switch+ the two control characters used are Ctrl* for directory name completion and Ctrl/ for file name completion. To disable a particular completion character in the registry+ use the %alue for space !x8" as it is not a %alid control character.

Completion is in%o$ed when you type either of the two control characters. The completion function ta$es the path string to the left of the cursor appends a wild card character to it if none is already present and builds up a list of paths that match. 't then displays the first matching path. 'f no paths match+ it 2ust beeps and lea%es the display alone. Thereafter+ repeated pressing of the same control character will cycle through the list of matching paths. Pressing the

Shift $ey with the control character will mo%e through the list bac$wards. 'f you edit the line in any way and press the control character again+ the sa%ed list of matching paths is discarded and a new one generated. The same occurs if you switch between file and directory name completion. The only difference between the two control characters is the file completion character matches both file and directory names+ while the directory completion character only matches directory names.

'f file completion is used on any of the built in directory commands

!C*+ )* or R*" then directory completion is assumed.

The completion code deals correctly with file names that contain spaces or other special characters by placing #uotes around the matching path.

0lso+ if you bac$ up+ then in%o$e completion from within a line+ the text to the right of the cursor at the point completion was in%o$ed is discarded.

The special characters that re#uire #uotes are:

spaceM

J!"UVZ=16+^

C)STP

'nstalls or remo%es a Connection )anager ser%ice profile.

Dsed without optional parameters+ cmstp installs a ser%ice profile with default

settings appropriate to the operating system and to the user6s permissions.

Ser%iceProfile/ile,ame.exe A#:a

Ac:cmstp.exe Ser%iceProfile/ile,ame.inf UAnfV UAniV UAnsV UAsV UAsuV UAuV

cmstp.exe UAnfV UAniV UAnsV UAsV UAsuV UAuV

U*ri%e:VUPathVSer%iceProfile/ile,ame.inf

Ser%iceProfile/ile,ame.exe : Re#uired for Syntax  but not %alid for Syntax 8.

Specifies+ by name+ the installation pac$age that contains the profile that you want to install.

A#:a Re#uired for Syntax  but not %alid for Syntax 8.

Specifies that the profile should be installed without prompting the user.

The %erification message that the installation has succeeded will still appear.

U*ri%e:VUPathVSer%iceProfile/ile,ame.inf : Re#uired. Specifies+ by name+

the configuration file that determines how the profile should be installed.

The U*ri%e:VUPathV parameter is not %alid for Syntax .

Anf Specifies that the support files should not be installed.

Ani Specifies that a des$top icon should not be created.

This parameter is only %alid for 4indows I9+ IH+ ,T B.+ or 4indows ).

Ans Specifies that a des$top shortcut should not be created.

This parameter is only %alid for 4indows 8 or ;P.

As Specifies that the ser%ice profile should be installed or uninstalled silently

!without prompting for user response or displaying %erification message".

this is the only parameter that you can use in combination with Au.

Asu Specifies that the ser%ice profile should be installed for a single user

rather than for all users.

This parameter is only %alid for 4indows 8 or ;P.

Au Specifies that the ser%ice profile should be uninstalled.

A5 *isplays help at the command prompt.

 Syntax  is the typical syntax used in a custom installation application.

To use this syntax+ you must run cmstp from the directory that

contains the Ser%iceProfile/ile,ame.exe file.

C>L>R

Sets the default console foreground and bac$ground colors.

C>L>R UattrV attr Specifies color attribute of console output

Color attributes are specified by T4> hex digits  the first corresponds to the bac$ground= the second the foreground. ach digit can be any of the following %alues:

 Z 7lac$ H Z Kray 0lso See: G.B Color Codes

 Z 7lue I Z Light 7lue

8 Z Kreen 0 Z Light Kreen

3 Z 0#ua 7 Z Light 0#ua

B Z Red C Z Light Red

9 Z Purple * Z Light Purple

E Z ellow  Z Light ellow

G Z 4hite / Z 7right 4hite

'f no argument is gi%en+ this command restores the color to what it was when C)*.; started. This %alue either comes from the current console window+ the AT command line switch or from the *efaultColor registry

%alue.

The C>L>R command sets RR>RL@L to  if an attempt is made to execute the C>L>R command with a foreground and bac$ground color that are the same.

xample: C>L>R fc produces light red on bright white

C>))0,*

Starts a new instance of the )S*>S command interpreter.

C>))0,* UUdri%e:VpathV Ude%iceV UA:nnnnnV UAPV UAC stringV UA)SKV

Udri%e:Vpath Specifies the directory containing C>))0,*.C>) file.

de%ice Specifies the de%ice to use for command input and output.

A:nnnnn Sets the initial en%ironment si

AP )a$es the new command interpreter permanent !can6t exit".

AC string Carries out the command specified by string+ and then stops. A)SK Specifies that all error messages be stored in memory. ou

need to specify AP with this switch.

C>)P

Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.

C>)P UdataV Udata8V UA*V UA0V UALV UA,ZnumberV UACV UA>//UL',VV

data Specifies location and name!s" of first file!s" to compare.

data8 Specifies location and name!s" of second files to compare.

A* *isplays differences in decimal format.

A0 *isplays differences in 0SC'' characters.

AL *isplays line numbers for differences.

A,Znumber Compares only the first specified number of lines in each file.

AC *isregards case of 0SC'' letters when comparing files.

A>//UL',V *o not s$ip files with offline attribute set.

To compare sets of files+ use wildcards in data and data8 parameters.

C>)P0CT

*isplays or alters the compression of files on ,T/S partitions.

C>)P0CT UAC W ADV UASU:dirVV UA0V UA'V UA/V UAV Ufilename U...VV

AC Compresses the specified files. *irectories will be mar$ed

so that files added afterward will be compressed.

AD Dncompresses the specified files. *irectories will be mar$ed

so that files added afterward will not be compressed.

AS Performs the specified operation on files in the gi%en

directory and all subdirectories. *efault dir is the

current directory.

A0 *isplays files with the hidden or system attributes. These

files are omitted by default.

A' Continues performing the specified operation e%en after errors

ha%e occurred. 7y default+ C>)P0CT stops when an error is encountered.

A/ /orces the compress operation on all specified files+ e%en

those which are already compressed. 0lreadycompressed files

are s$ipped by default.

A Reports only the most essential information.

filename Specifies a pattern+ file+ or directory.

Dsed without parameters+ C>)P0CT displays the compression state of

the current directory and any files it contains. ou may use multiple

filenames and wildcards. ou must put spaces between multiple

parameters.

C>,@RT

Con%erts /0T %olumes to ,T/S.

C>,@RT %olume A/S:,T/S UA@V UAC%t0rea:filenameV UA,oSecurityV UA;V

%olume Specifies the dri%e letter !followed by a colon"+

mount point+ or %olume name.

A/S:,T/S Specifies that the %olume is to be con%erted to ,T/S.

A@ Specifies that Con%ert should be run in %erbose mode.

AC%t0rea:filename

Specifies a contiguous file in the root directory to be

the place holder for ,T/S system files.

A,oSecurity Specifies the con%erted files and directories security

settings to be accessible by e%eryone.

A; /orces the %olume to dismount first if necessary.

0ll opened handles to the %olume would then be in%alid.

C>P

Copies one or more files to another location.

C>P UA*V UA@V UA,V UA W AV UAV UA0 W A7 V source UA0 W A7V

U source UA0 W A7V U ...VV Udestination UA0 W A7VV source Specifies the file or files to be copied.

A0 'ndicates an 0SC'' text file.

A7 'ndicates a binary file.

A* 0llow the destination file to be created decrypted

destination Specifies the directory andAor filename for the new file!s".

A@ @erifies that new files are written correctly.

A, Dses short filename+ if a%ailable+ when copying a file with a

nonHdot3 name.

A Suppresses prompting to confirm you want to o%erwrite an

existing destination file.

A Causes prompting to confirm you want to o%erwrite an

existing destination file.

A Copies networ$ed files in restartable mode.

The switch A may be preset in the C>PC)* en%ironment %ariable.

This may be o%erridden with A on the command line. *efault is to prompt on o%erwrites unless C>P command is being executed from within a batch script.

To append files+ specify a single file for destination+ but multiple files for source !using wildcards or filefile8file3 format".

CSCR'PT

)icrosoft !R" 4indows Script Fost

Dsage: CScript scriptname.extension Uoption...V Uarguments...V

>ptions:

AA7 7atch mode: Suppresses script errors and prompts from displaying

AA* nable 0cti%e *ebugging

AA:engine Dse engine for executing script

AAF:CScript Changes the default script host to CScript.exe

AAF:4Script Changes the default script host to 4Script.exe !default" AA' 'nteracti%e mode !default+ opposite of AA7"

AANob:xxxx xecute a 4S/ 2ob

AALogo *isplay logo !default"

AA,ologo Pre%ent logo display: ,o banner will be shown at execution time

AAS Sa%e current command line options for this user

AAT:nn Time out in seconds: )aximum time a script is permitted to run

AA; xecute script in debugger

AAD Dse Dnicode for redirected 'A> from the console

*0T

*isplays or sets the date.

*0T UAT W dateV

Type *0T without parameters to display the current date setting and a prompt for a new one. Press ,TR to $eep the same date.

'f Command xtensions are enabled the *0T command supports the AT switch which tells the command to 2ust output the current date+ without prompting for a new date.

*7DK

Runs *ebug+ a program testing and editing tool.

*7DK UUdri%e:VUpathVfilename UtestfileparametersVV

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Specifies the file you want to test.

testfileparameters Specifies commandline information re#uired by

the file you want to test.

0fter *ebug starts+ type 5 to display a list of debugging commands.

*L J R0S

*eletes one or more files.

*L UAPV UA/V UASV UAV UA0UU:VattributesVV names

R0S UAPV UA/V UASV UAV UA0UU:VattributesVV names

names Specifies a list of one or more files or directories. 4ildcards may be used to delete multiple files. 'f a

directory is specified+ all files within the directory

will be deleted.

AP Prompts for confirmation before deleting each file.

A/ /orce deleting of readonly files.

AS *elete specified files from all subdirectories.

A uiet mode+ do not as$ if o$ to delete on global wildcard

A0 Selects files to delete based on attributes

attributes R Readonly files S System files

F Fidden files 0 /iles ready for archi%ing

 Prefix meaning not

'f Command xtensions are enabled *L and R0S change as follows:

The display semantics of the AS switch are re%ersed in that it shows you only the files that are deleted+ not the ones it could not find.

@,TCR0T

This command line tool enables an administrator to create

a custom e%ent '* and message in a specified e%ent log.

@,TCR0T UAS system UAD username UAP UpasswordVVVV A'* e%entid

UAL lognameV UAS> srcnameV AT type A* description

AS system Specifies the remote system to connect to.

AD Udomain[Vuser Specifies the user context under which

the command should execute.

AP UpasswordV Specifies the password for the gi%en

user context. Prompts for input if omitted.

AL logname Specifies the e%ent log to create

an e%ent in.

AT type Specifies the type of e%ent to create.

@alid types: RR>R+ 40R,',K+ ',/>R)0T'>,. AS> source Specifies the source to use for the

e%ent. 0 %alid source can be any string

and should represent the application or

component that is generating the e%ent.

A'* id Specifies the e%ent '* for the e%ent. 0

%alid custom message '* is in the range

of   .

A* description Specifies the description to be set for

the newly creating e%ent.

A5 *isplays this helpAusage.

@,TCR0T AT RR>R A'* 

AL 0PPL'C0T'>, A* Create an e%ent in application log

@,TCR0T AT RR>R A'* III AL 0PPL'C0T'>,

AS> 4in4ord A* new source 4inword in application log

@,TCR0T AS system AT RR>R A'* 

AL 0PPL'C0T'>, A* Remote system without user credentials

@,TCR0T AS system AD user AP password A'*  AT RR>R

AL 0PPL'C0T'>, A* Remote machine with user credentials

@,TCR0T AS system AD domain[user A'*  AT 40R,',K

AS> )y7atch/ile.cmd A* )aintenance script user logon failed

*'R

*isplays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.

*'R Udri%e:VUpathVUfilenameV UA0UU:VattributesVV UA7V UACV UA*V UALV UA,V

UA>UU:VsortorderVV UAPV UAV UASV UATUU:VtimefieldVV UA4V UA;V UABV

Udri%e:VUpathVUfilenameV

Specifies dri%e+ directory+ andAor files to list.

A0 *isplays files with specified attributes.

attributes * *irectories R Readonly files F Fidden files 0 /iles ready for archi%ing

S System files  Prefix meaning not

A7 Dses bare format !no heading information or summary".

AC *isplay the thousand separator in file si

default. Dse AC to disable display of separator.

A* Same as wide but files are list sorted by column.

AL Dses lowercase.

A, ,ew long list format where filenames are on the far right.

A> List by files in sorted order.

sortorder , 7y name !alphabetic" S 7y si

 7y extension !alphabetic" * 7y dateAtime !oldest first"

K Kroup directories first  Prefix to re%erse order

AP Pauses after each screenful of information.

A *isplay the owner of the file.

AS *isplays files in specified directory and all subdirectories.

AT Controls which time field displayed or used for sorting

timefield C Creation

0 Last 0ccess

4 Last 4ritten

A4 Dses wide list format.

A; This displays the short names generated for nonHdot3 file

names. The format is that of A, with the short name inserted

before the long name. 'f no short name is present+ blan$s are

displayed in its place.

AB *isplays fourdigit years

Switches may be preset in the *'RC)* en%ironment %ariable. >%erride preset switches by prefixing any switch with  !hyphen"for example+ A4.

*/R0K 4indows *is$ *efragmenter

Dsage: defrag UaV UfV U%V U5V

%olume dri%e letter or mount point !d: or d:[%ol[mountpoint"

a 0naly

f /orce defragmentation e%en if free space is low

% @erbose output

5 *isplay this help text

*'S?C>)P

Compares the contents of two floppy dis$s.

*'S?C>)P Udri%e: Udri%e8:VV

*'S?C>P

Copies the contents of one floppy dis$ to another.

*'S?C>P Udri%e: Udri%e8:VV UA@V

A@ @erifies that the information is copied correctly.

The two floppy dis$s must be the same type.

ou may specify the same dri%e for dri%e and dri%e8.

*'S?P0RT

)icrosoft *is$Part

dis$part UAs scriptMV UA5V

As scriptM  Dse a *is$Part script.

A5  Show help screen.

*>S?

dits command lines+ recalls 4indows ;P commands+ and creates macros.

*>S? UAR',ST0LLV UAL'STS'ZsiSU:0LL W :exenameVV

UAF'ST>RV UA',SRT W A>@RSTR'?V UA;,0)ZexenameV UA)0CR>/'LZfilenameV

UmacronameZUtextVV

AR',ST0LL 'nstalls a new copy of *os$ey. AL'STS'Zsi

A)0CR>S *isplays all *os$ey macros.

A)0CR>S:0LL *isplays all *os$ey macros for all executables which ha%e

*os$ey macros.

A)0CR>S:exename *isplays all *os$ey macros for the gi%en executable.

AF'ST>R *isplays all commands stored in memory.

A',SRT Specifies that new text you type is inserted in old text.

A>@RSTR'? Specifies that new text o%erwrites old text.

A;,0)Zexename Specifies the executable.

A)0CR>/'LZfilename Specifies a file of macros to install.

macroname Specifies a name for a macro you create.

text Specifies commands you want to record.

DP and *>4, 0RR>4S recall commands= SC clears command line= /G displays command history= 0LT/G clears command history= /H searches command history= /I selects a command by number= 0LT/ clears macro definitions.

The following are some special codes in *os$ey macro definitions:

_T Command separator. 0llows multiple commands in a macro.

__I 7atch parameters. #ui%alent to ]]I in batch programs.

_Y Symbol replaced by e%erything following macro name on command line.

*R'@RDR

nables an administrator to enumerate and display the list of

installed de%ice dri%ers as well as their properties.

*R'@RDR UAS system UAD username UAP UpasswordVVVV

UA/> formatV UA,FV UAS'V UA@V

Parameter List:

AS system Specifies the remote system to connect to.

AD Udomain[Vuser Specifies the user context

under which the command should execute. AP UpasswordV Specify the Password for the gi%en

user context. Prompts for input if omitted.

A/> format Specifies the type of output to display.

@alid %alues to be passed with the

switch are T07L+ L'ST+ CS@.

A,F Specifies that the Column Feader

should not be displayed in the

screen output. @alid for T07L

and CS@ format only.

A@ *isplays detailed information. ,ot %alid

for signed dri%ers.

AS' Pro%ides information about signed dri%ers.

A5 *isplays this FelpADsage.

xamples:

*R'@RDR

*R'@RDR A/> CS@ AS'

*R'@RDR A,F

*R'@RDR AS ipaddress AD user A@

*R'@RDR AS system AD domain[user AP password A/> L'ST

CF>

*isplays messages+ or turns commandechoing on or off.

CF> U>, W >//V

CF> UmessageV

Type CF> without parameters to display the current echo setting.

*'T

)S*>S ditor

*'T UA7V UAFV UARV UASV UAnnnMV UA5V Ufile!s"V A7  /orces monochrome mode.

AF  *isplays the maximum number of lines possible for your hardware.

AR  Load file!s" in readonly mode.

AS  /orces the use of short filenames.

AnnnM  Load binary file!s"+ wrapping lines to nnnM characters wide.

A5  *isplays this help screen.

UfileV  Specifies initial files!s" to load. 4ildcards and multiple

filespecs can be gi%en.

*L',

Starts dlin+ a lineoriented text editor.

*L', Udri%e:VUpathVfilename UA7V

A7 'gnores endoffile !CTRL" characters.

,*L>C0L

nds locali

n%ironment changes made after ,*L>C0L has been issued are not local to the batch file= the pre%ious settings are not restored on termination of the batch file.

,*L>C0L

f 9ommand .)tensions are enabled .:AH9/H hanges as follo"s

'f the corresponding STL>C0L enable or disabled command extensions using the new ,07L;T,S'>,S or *'S07L;T,S'>,S options+ then after the ,*L>C0L+ the enabledAdisabled state of command extensions will be restored to what it was prior to the matching STL>C0L command execution.

;'T

uits the C)*.; program !command interpreter" or the current batch script. ;'T UA7V UexitCodeV

A7 specifies to exit the current batch script instead of

C)*.;. 'f executed from outside a batch script+ it

will #uit C)*.;

exitCode specifies a numeric number. if A7 is specified+ sets

RR>RL@L that number. 'f #uitting C)*.;+ sets the process

exit code with that number.

Compares two files or sets of files and displays the differences between them

/C UA0V UACV UALV UAL7nV UA,V UA>//UL',VV UATV UADV UA4V UAnnnnV

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Udri%e8:VUpath8Vfilename8

/C A7 Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Udri%e8:VUpath8Vfilename8

A0 *isplays only first and last lines for each set of differences.

A7 Performs a binary comparison.

AC *isregards the case of letters.

AL Compares files as 0SC'' text.

AL7n Sets the maximum consecuti%e mismatches to the specified

number of lines.

A, *isplays the line numbers on an 0SC'' comparison.

A>//UL',V *o not s$ip files with offline attribute set.

AT *oes not expand tabs to spaces.

AD Compare files as D,'C>* text files.

A4 Compresses white space !tabs and spaces" for comparison.

Annnn Specifies the number of consecuti%e lines that must match

after a mismatch.

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename

Specifies the first file or set of files to compare. Udri%e8:VUpath8Vfilename8

Specifies the second file or set of files to compare.

/',*

Searches for a text string in a file or files.

/',* UA@V UACV UA,V UA'V UA>//UL',VV string UUdri%e:VUpathVfilenameU ...VV

A@ *isplays all lines ,>T containing the specified string.

AC *isplays only the count of lines containing the string.

A, *isplays line numbers with the displayed lines.

A' 'gnores the case of characters when searching for the string.

A>//UL',V *o not s$ip files with offline attribute set.

string Specifies the text string to find.

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename

Specifies a file or files to search.

'f a path is not specified+ /',* searches the text typed at the prompt or piped from another command.

/',*STR

Searches for strings in files.

/',*STR UA7V UAV UALV UARV UASV UA'V UA;V UA@V UA,V UA)V UA>V UAPV UA/:fileV

UAC:stringV UAK:fileV UA*:dir listV UA0:color attributesV UA>//UL',VV

strings UUdri%e:VUpathVfilenameU ...VV

A7 )atches pattern if at the beginning of a line.

A )atches pattern if at the end of a line.

AL Dses search strings literally.

AR Dses search strings as regular expressions.

AS Searches for matching files in the current directory and all

subdirectories.

A' Specifies that the search is not to be casesensiti%e.

A; Prints lines that match exactly. A@ Prints only lines that do not contain a match.

A, Prints the line number before each line that matches.

A) Prints only the filename if a file contains a match.

A> Prints character offset before each matching line.

AP S$ip files with nonprintable characters.

A>//UL',V *o not s$ip files with offline attribute set.

A0:attr Specifies color attribute with two hex digits. See color A5

A/:file Reads file list from the specified file!A stands for console".

AC:string Dses specified string as a literal search string.

AK:file Kets search strings from the specified file!A stands for console".

A*:dir Search a semicolon delimited list of directories

strings Text to be searched for.

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename

Specifies a file or files to search.

Dse spaces to separate multiple search strings unless the argument is prefixed with AC. /or example+ 6/',*STR hello there x.y6 searches for hello or

there in file x.y. 6/',*STR AC:hello there x.y6 searches for

hello there in file x.y.

Regular expression #uic$ reference:

. 4ildcard: any character

Y Repeat:

 Line position: beginning of line

_ Line position: end of line

UclassV Character class: any one character in set

UclassV 'n%erse class: any one character not in set

UxyV Range: any characters within the specified range

[x scape: literal use of metacharacter x

[xy< 4ord position: beginning of word xy<[M 4ord position: end of word

/or full information on /',*STR regular expressions refer to the online Command

Reference.

/>R

Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.

/>R ]%ariable ', !set" *> command UcommandparametersV

]%ariable Specifies a single letter replaceable parameter.

!set" Specifies a set of one or more files. 4ildcards may be used.

command Specifies the command to carry out for each file.

commandparameters

Specifies parameters or switches for the specified command.

To use the />R command in a batch program+ specify ]]%ariable instead of ]%ariable. @ariable names are case sensiti%e+ so ]i is different from ]'.

'f Command xtensions are enabled+ the following additional forms of the />R command are supported:

/>R A* ]%ariable ', !set" *> command UcommandparametersV

'f set contains wildcards+ then specifies to match against directory

names instead of file names.

/>R AR UUdri%e:VpathV ]%ariable ', !set" *> command UcommandparametersV

4al$s the directory tree rooted at Udri%e:Vpath+ executing the />R

statement in each directory of the tree. 'f no directory

specification is specified after AR then the current directory is

assumed. 'f set is 2ust a single period !." character then it

will 2ust enumerate the directory tree.

/>R AL ]%ariable ', !start+step+end" *> command UcommandparametersV

The set is a se#uence of numbers from start to end+ by step amount.

So !++9" would generate the se#uence  8 3 B 9 and !9++" would generate the se#uence !9 B 3 8 "

/>R A/ UoptionsV ]%ariable ', !fileset" *> command UcommandparametersV

/>R A/ UoptionsV ]%ariable ', !string" *> command UcommandparametersV

/>R A/ UoptionsV ]%ariable ', !6command6" *> command UcommandparametersV

or+ if usebac$# option present:

/>R A/ UoptionsV ]%ariable ', !fileset" *> command UcommandparametersV

/>R A/ UoptionsV ]%ariable ', !6string6" *> command UcommandparametersV

/>R A/ UoptionsV ]%ariable ', !command" *> command UcommandparametersV

filenameset is one or more file names. ach file is opened+ read

and processed before going on to the next file in filenameset.

Processing consists of reading in the file+ brea$ing it up into

indi%idual lines of text and then parsing each line into

more to$ens. The body of the for loop is then called with the

%ariable %alue!s" set to the found to$en string!s". 7y default+ A/

passes the first blan$ separated to$en from each line of each file.

7lan$ lines are s$ipped. ou can o%erride the default parsing

beha%ior by specifying the optional options parameter. This

is a #uoted string which contains one or more $eywords to specify

different parsing options. The $eywords are:

eolZc  specifies an end of line comment character

!2ust one"

s$ipZn  specifies the number of lines to s$ip at the

beginning of the file.

delimsZxxx  specifies a delimiter set. This replaces the

default delimiter set of space and tab.

to$ensZx+y+mn  specifies which to$ens from each line are to

be passed to the for body for each iteration.

This will cause additional %ariable names to be allocated. The mn form is a range+

specifying the mth through the nth to$ens. 'f

the last character in the to$ensZ string is an

asteris$+ then an additional %ariable is

allocated and recei%es the remaining text on

the line after the last to$en parsed.

usebac$#  specifies that the new semantics are in force+

where a bac$ #uoted string is executed as a

command and a single #uoted string is a

literal string command and allows the use of

double #uotes to #uote file names in

filenameset.

Some examples might help:

/>R A/ eolZ= to$ensZ8+3Y delimsZ+  ]i in !myfile.txt" do `echo ]i ]2 ]$

would parse each line in myfile.txt+ ignoring lines that begin with

a semicolon+ passing the 8nd and 3rd to$en from each line to the for

body+ with to$ens delimited by commas andAor spaces. ,otice the for

body statements reference ]i to get the 8nd to$en+ ]2 to get the

3rd to$en+ and ]$ to get all remaining to$ens after the 3rd. /or

file names that contain spaces+ you need to #uote the filenames with

double #uotes. 'n order to use double #uotes in this manner+ you also

need to use the usebac$# option+ otherwise the double #uotes will be

interpreted as defining a literal string to parse.

]i is explicitly declared in the for statement and the ]2 and ]$

are implicitly declared %ia the to$ensZ option. ou can specify up

to 8E to$ens %ia the to$ensZ line+ pro%ided it does not cause an

attempt to declare a %ariable higher than the letter 6<6 or 66.

Remember+ />R %ariables are singleletter+ case sensiti%e+ global+ and you can6t ha%e more than 98 total acti%e at any one time.

ou can also use the />R A/ parsing logic on an immediate string+ by

ma$ing the filenameset between the parenthesis a #uoted string+

using single #uote characters. 't will be treated as a single line

of input from a file and parsed.

/inally+ you can use the />R A/ command to parse the output of a

command. ou do this by ma$ing the filenameset between the

parenthesis a bac$ #uoted string. 't will be treated as a command

line+ which is passed to a child C)*.; and the output is captured

into memory and parsed as if it was a file. So the following

example:

/>R A/ usebac$# delimsZZ ]i ', !set" *> `echo ]i

would enumerate the en%ironment %ariable names in the current

en%ironment.

'n addition+ substitution of />R %ariable references has been enhanced.

ou can now use the following optional syntax:

]^'  expands ]' remo%ing any surrounding #uotes !"

]^f'  expands ]' to a fully #ualified path name

]^d'  expands ]' to a dri%e letter only

]^p'  expands ]' to a path only

]^n'  expands ]' to a file name only

]^x'  expands ]' to a file extension only

]^s'  expanded path contains short names only

]^a'  expands ]' to file attributes of file

]^t'  expands ]' to dateAtime of file

]^<'  expands ]' to si

]^_P0TF:'  searches the directories listed in the P0TF

en%ironment %ariable and expands ]' to the fully #ualified name of the first one found.

'f the en%ironment %ariable name is not

defined or the file is not found by the

search+ then this modifier expands to the

empty string

The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:

]^dp'  expands ]' to a dri%e letter and path only

]^nx'  expands ]' to a file name and extension only

]^fs'  expands ]' to a full path name with short names only

]^dp_P0TF:'  searches the directories listed in the P0TF

en%ironment %ariable for ]' and expands to the

dri%e letter and path of the first one found.

]^ft

'n the abo%e examples ]' and P0TF can be replaced by other %alid

%alues. The ]^ syntax is terminated by a %alid />R %ariable name.

Pic$ing upper case %ariable names li$e ]' ma$es it more readable and a%oids confusion with the modifiers+ which are not case sensiti%e.

/>R)0T

/ormats a dis$ for use with 4indows ;P.

/>R)0T %olume UA/S:filesystemV UA@:labelV UAV UA0:si

/>R)0T %olume UA@:labelV UAV UA/:si

/>R)0T %olume UA@:labelV UAV UAT:trac$s A,:sectorsV

/>R)0T %olume UA@:labelV UAV

/>R)0T %olume UAV

%olume Specifies the dri%e letter !followed by a colon"+

mount point+ or %olume name.

A/S:filesystem Specifies the type of the file system !/0T+ /0T38+ or ,T/S".

A@:label Specifies the %olume label. A Performs a #uic$ format.

AC ,T/S only: /iles created on the new %olume will be compressed

by default.

A; /orces the %olume to dismount first if necessary. 0ll opened

handles to the %olume would no longer be %alid.

A0:si%errides the default allocation unit si

are strongly recommended for general use.

,T/S supports 98+ 8B+ 8BH+ BIE+ HI8+ E?+ 38?+ EB?.

/0T supports 98+ 8B+ 8BH+ BIE+ HI8+ E?+ 38?+ EB?+

!8H?+ 89E? for sector si

/0T38 supports 98+ 8B+ 8BH+ BIE+ HI8+ E?+ 38?+ EB?+

!8H?+ 89E? for sector si

,ote that the /0T and /0T38 files systems impose the

following restrictions on the number of clusters on a %olume:

/0T: ,umber of clusters Z E998E

/0T38: E998E  ,umber of clusters  BGGIH

/ormat will immediately stop processing if it decides that

the abo%e re#uirements cannot be met using the specified

cluster si

,T/S compression is not supported for allocation unit si

abo%e BIE.

A/:si

AT:trac$s Specifies the number of trac$s per dis$ side.

A,:sectors Specifies the number of sectors per trac$.

/TP

Transfers files to and from a computer running an /TP ser%er ser%ice

!sometimes called a daemon". /tp can be used interacti%ely.

/TP U%V UdV UiV UnV UgV Us:filenameV UaV Uw:windowsi

n Suppresses autologin upon initial connection.

i Turns off interacti%e prompting during multiple file

transfers.

d nables debugging.

g *isables filename globbing !see KL>7 command".

s:filename Specifies a text file containing /TP commands= the

commands will automatically run after /TP starts.

a Dse any local interface when binding data connection.

0 login as anonymous.

w:buffersi%errides the default transfer buffer si

host Specifies the host name or 'P address of the remote

host to connect to.

,otes:

 mget and mput commands ta$e yAnA# for yesAnoA#uit.

 Dse ControlC to abort commands.

0lso See: /TP Commands

/TP

*isplays or modifies file types used in file extension associations

/TP UfileTypeUZUopenCommandStringVVV

fileType Specifies the file type to examine or change

openCommandString Specifies the open command to use when launching files

of this type.

Type /TP without parameters to display the current file types that ha%e open command strings defined. /TP is in%o$ed with 2ust a file type+ it displays the current open command string for that file type.

Specify nothing for the open command string and the /TP command will delete the open command string for the file type. 4ithin an open command string ] or ] are substituted with the file name being launched through the assocation. ]Y gets all the parameters and ]8 gets the st parameter+ ]3 the second+ etc. ]^n gets all the remaining parameters starting with the nth parameter+ where n may be between 8 and I+ inclusi%e. /or example:

0SS>C .plZPerlScript

/TP PerlScriptZperl.exe ] ]Y would allow you to in%o$e a Perl script as follows:

script.pl  8 3

'f you want to eliminate the need to type the extensions+ then do the following:

set P0TF;TZ.pl=]P0TF;T] and the script could be in%o$ed as follows:

script  8 3

K>T>

*irects cmd.exe to a labeled line in a batch program.

K>T> label

label Specifies a text string used in the batch program as a label.

ou type a label on a line by itself+ beginning with a colon.

'f Command xtensions are enabled K>T> changes as follows:

K>T> command now accepts a target label of :>/ which transfers control to the end of the current batch script file. This is an easy way to exit a batch script file without defining a label. Type C0LL A5 for a description of extensions to the C0LL command that ma$e this feature useful.

KR0/T07L

nable 4indows to display an extended character set in graphics mode.

KR0/T07L UxxxV KR0/T07L AST0TDS

xxx Specifies a code page number.

AST0TDS *isplays the current code page selected for use with KR0/T07L.

FLP

Pro%ides help information for 4indows ;P commands.

FLP UcommandV

command  displays help information on that command.

Performs conditional processing in batch programs.

'/ U,>TV RR>RL@L number command

'/ U,>TV stringZZstring8 command

'/ U,>TV ;'ST filename command

,>T Specifies that 4indows ;P should carry out

the command only if the condition is false.

RR>RL@L number Specifies a true condition if the last program run

returned an exit code e#ual to or greater than the number

specified.

stringZZstring8 Specifies a true condition if the specified text strings

match.

;'ST filename Specifies a true condition if the specified filename

exists.

command Specifies the command to carry out if the condition is

met. Command can be followed by LS command which

will execute the command after the LS $eyword if the

specified condition is /0LS

The LS clause must occur on the same line as the command after the '/. /or example:

'/ ;'ST filename. ! del filename.

" LS !

echo filename. missing.

The following would ,>T wor$ because the del command needs to be terminated by a newline:

'/ ;'ST filename. del filename. LS echo filename. missing

,or would the following wor$+ since the LS command must be on the same line as the end of the '/ command:

'/ ;'ST filename. del filename.

LS echo filename. missing

The following would wor$ if you want it all on one line:

'/ ;'ST filename. !del filename." LS echo filename. missing

'f Command xtensions are enabled '/ changes as follows:

'/ UA'V string compareop string8 command

'/ C)*;T@RS'>, number command

'/ */',* %ariable command where compareop may be one of:

D  e#ual

,  not e#ual

LSS  less than

L  less than or e#ual

KTR  greater than

K  greater than or e#ual and the A' switch+ if specified+ says to do case insensiti%e string compares. The A' switch can also be used on the stringZZstring8 form of '/. These comparisons are generic+ in that if both string and string8 are both comprised of all numeric digits+ then the strings are con%erted to numbers and a numeric comparison is performed.

The C)*;T@RS'>, conditional wor$s 2ust li$e RR>RL@L+ except it is comparing against an internal %ersion number associated with the Command

xtensions. The first %ersion is . 't will be incremented by one when significant enhancements are added to the Command xtensions.

C)*;T@RS'>, conditional is ne%er true when Command xtensions are disabled.

The */',* conditional wor$s 2ust li$e ;'STS except it ta$es an en%ironment %ariable name and returns true if the en%ironment %ariable is defined.

]RR>RL@L] will expand into a string representation of the current %alue of RR>RL@L+ pro%ided that there is not already an en%ironment %ariable with the name RR>RL@L+ in which case you will get its %alue instead. 0fter running a program+ the following illustrates RR>RL@L use:

goto answer]RR>RL@L]

:answer

echo Program had return code 

:answer

echo Program had return code 

ou can also using the numerical comparisons abo%e:

'/ ]RR>RL@L] L  goto o$ay

]C)*C)*L',] will expand into the original command line passed to

C)*.; prior to any processing by C)*.;+ pro%ided that there is not already an en%ironment %ariable with the name C)*C)*L',+ in which case you will get its %alue instead.

]C)*;T@RS'>,] will expand into a string representation of the current %alue of C)*;T@RS'>,+ pro%ided that there is not already an en%ironment %ariable with the name C)*;T@RS'>,+ in which case you will get its %alue instead.

'PC>,/'K

'P Configuration

'PC>,/'K UA5 W Aall W Arenew UadapterV W Arelease UadapterV W

Aflushdns W Adisplaydns W Aregisterdns W

Ashowclassid adapter W

Asetclassid adapter UclassidV V

adapter Connection name

!wildcard characters Y and 5 allowed+ see examples"

>ptions:

A5 *isplay this help message

Aall *isplay full configuration information.

Arelease Release the 'P address for the specified adapter.

Arenew Renew the 'P address for the specified adapter.

Aflushdns Purges the *,S Resol%er cache.

Aregisterdns Refreshes all *FCP leases and reregisters *,S names

Adisplaydns *isplay the contents of the *,S Resol%er Cache.

Ashowclassid *isplays all the dhcp class '*s allowed for adapter.

Asetclassid )odifies the dhcp class id.

The default is to display only the 'P address+ subnet mas$ and default gateway for each adapter bound to TCPA'P.

/or Release and Renew+ if no adapter name is specified+ then the 'P address leases for all adapters bound to TCPA'P will be released or renewed.

/or Setclassid+ if no Class'd is specified+ then the Class'd is remo%ed.

xamples:

M ipconfig ... Show information.

M ipconfig Aall ... Show detailed information M ipconfig Arenew ... renew all adapters

M ipconfig Arenew LY ... renew any connection that has its

name starting with L

M ipconfig Arelease YConY ... release all matching connections+

eg. Local 0rea Connection  or

Local 0rea Connection 8

?7E

Configures a $eyboard for a specific language.

?7E UxxU+UyyyVU+Udri%e:VUpathVfilenameVVV UAV UA'*:nnnV

xx Specifies a twoletter $eyboard code.

yyy Specifies the code page for the character set.

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Specifies the $eyboard definition file.

A Specifies that an enhanced $eyboard is installed.

A'*:nnn Specifies the $eyboard in use.

L07L

Creates+ changes+ or deletes the %olume label of a dis$.

L07L Udri%e:VUlabelV

L07L UA)PV U%olumeV UlabelV

dri%e: Specifies the dri%e letter of a dri%e.

label Specifies the label of the %olume.

A)P Specifies that the %olume should be treated as a

mount point or %olume name.

%olume Specifies the dri%e letter !followed by a colon"+

mount point+ or %olume name. 'f %olume name is specified+

the A)P flag is unnecessary.

L>0*/';

Loads a program abo%e the first EB? of memory+ and runs the program.

L>0*/'; Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Dse L>0*/'; to load a program if you ha%e recei%ed the message

Pac$ed file corrupt when trying to load it in low memory.

)* J )?*'R

Creates a directory.

)?*'R Udri%e:Vpath

)* Udri%e:Vpath

'f Command xtensions are enabled )?*'R changes as follows:

)?*'R creates any intermediate directories in the path+ if needed.

/or example+ assume [a does not exist then:

m$dir [a[b[c[d is the same as:

m$dir [a

chdir [a

m$dir b

chdir b

m$dir c

chdir c

m$dir d which is what you would ha%e to type if extensions were disabled.

)>*

Configures system de%ices.

Serial port: )>* C>)mU:V U70D*ZbV UP0R'TZpV U*0T0ZdV UST>PZsV

UtoZonWoffV UxonZonWoffV UodsrZonWoffV

UoctsZonWoffV UdtrZonWoffWhsV

UrtsZonWoffWhsWtgV UidsrZonWoffV

*e%ice Status: )>* Ude%iceV UAST0TDSV

Redirect printing: )>* LPTnU:VZC>)mU:V

Select code page: )>* C>,U:V CP SLCTZyyy Code page status: )>* C>,U:V CP UAST0TDSV

*isplay mode: )>* C>,U:V UC>LSZcV UL',SZnV

Typematic rate: )>* C>,U:V UR0TZr *L0ZdV

))

*isplays the amount of used and free memory in your system.

)) UAPR>KR0) W A*7DK W ACL0SS'/V

APR>KR0) or AP *isplays status of programs currently loaded in memory.

A*7DK or A* *isplays status of programs+ internal dri%ers+ and other

information.

ACL0SS'/ or AC Classifies programs by memory usage. Lists the si

programs+ pro%ides a summary of memory in use+ and lists

largest memory bloc$ a%ailable.

)>R

*isplays output one screen at a time.

)>R UA UACV UAPV UASV UATnV UnVV  Udri%e:VUpathVfilename commandname W )>R UA UACV UAPV UASV UATnV UnVV

)>R A UACV UAPV UASV UATnV UnV UfilesV

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Specifies a file to display one

screen at a time.

commandname Specifies a command whose output

will be displayed.

A nable extended features

AC Clear screen before displaying page

AP xpand /orm/eed characters

AS S#uee

ATn xpand tabs to n spaces !default H"

Switches can be present in the )>R en%ironment

%ariable. n Start displaying the first file at line n

files List of files to be displayed. /iles in the list

are separated by blan$s.

'f extended features are enabled+ the following commands

are accepted at the  )ore  prompt:

P n *isplay next n lines

S n S$ip next n lines

/ *isplay next file

 uit

Z Show line number

5 Show help line

spaceM *isplay next page

retM *isplay next line

)>@

)o%es files and renames files and directories.

To mo%e one or more files:

)>@ UA W AV Udri%e:VUpathVfilenameU+...V destination

To rename a directory:

)>@ UA W AV Udri%e:VUpathVdirname dirname8

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Specifies the location and name of the file

or files you want to mo%e.

destination Specifies the new location of the file. *estination

can consist of a dri%e letter and colon+ a

directory name+ or a combination. 'f you are mo%ing

only one file+ you can also include a filename if

you want to rename the file when you mo%e it.

Udri%e:VUpathVdirname Specifies the directory you want to rename.

dirname8 Specifies the new name of the directory. A Suppresses prompting to confirm you want to

o%erwrite an existing destination file.

A Causes prompting to confirm you want to o%erwrite

an existing destination file.

The switch A may be present in the C>PC)* en%ironment %ariable.

This may be o%erridden with A on the command line. *efault is to prompt on o%erwrites unless )>@ command is being executed from within a batch script.

P0TF

*isplays or sets a search path for executable files.

P0TF UUdri%e:VpathU=...VU=]P0TF]V

P0TF =

Type P0TF = to clear all searchpath settings and direct cmd.exe to search only in the current directory.

Type P0TF without parameters to display the current path.

'ncluding ]P0TF] in the new path setting causes the old path to be appended to the new setting.

P0DS

Suspends processing of a batch program and displays the message

Press any $ey to continue . . .

P0DS

P',K

P',K UtV UaV Un countV Ul siSV

Ur countV Us countV UU2 hostlistV W U$ hostlistVV

Uw timeoutV destinationlist

>ptions:

t Ping the specified host until stopped.

To see statistics and continue  type Control7rea$= To stop  type ControlC.

a Resol%e addresses to hostnames.

n count ,umber of echo re#uests to send.

l si

f Set *on6t /ragment flag in pac$et.

i TTL Time To Li%e.

% T>S Type >f Ser%ice.

r count Record route for count hops.

s count Timestamp for count hops.

2 hostlist Loose source route along hostlist.

$ hostlist Strict source route along hostlist.

w timeout Timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply.

P>P*

Changes to the directory stored by the PDSF* command.

P>P*

'f Command xtensions are enabled the P>P* command will delete any temporary dri%e letter created by PDSF* when you P>P* that dri%e off the pushed directory stac$.

PR',T

Prints a text file.

PR',T UA*:de%iceV UUdri%e:VUpathVfilenameU...VV

A*:de%ice Specifies a print de%ice.

PR>)PT

Changes the cmd.exe command prompt.

PR>)PT UtextV

text Specifies a new command prompt.

Prompt can be made up of normal characters and the following special codes:

_0 J !0mpersand" _7 W !pipe"

_C ! !Left parenthesis"

_* Current date

_ scape code !0SC'' code 8G"

_/ " !Right parenthesis"

_K M !greaterthan sign"

_F 7ac$space !erases pre%ious character"

_L  !lessthan sign"

_, Current dri%e

_P Current dri%e and path

_ Z !e#ual sign"

_S !space"

_T Current time

_@ 4indows ;P %ersion number

_X Carriage return and linefeed

__ _ !dollar sign"

'f Command xtensions are enabled the PR>)PT command supports the following additional formatting characters:

_

depth of the PDSF* directory stac$+ one character for each

le%el pushed.

_) *isplays the remote name associated with the current dri%e

letter or the empty string if current dri%e is not a networ$

dri%e.

PDSF*

Stores the current directory for use by the P>P* command+ then changes to the specified directory.

PDSF* Upath W ..V path Specifies the directory to ma$e the current directory.

'f Command xtensions are enabled the PDSF* command accepts networ$ paths in addition to the normal dri%e letter and path.

'f a networ$ path is specified+ PDSF* will create a temporary dri%e letter that points to that specified networ$ resource and then change the current dri%e and directory+ using the newly defined dri%e letter. Temporary dri%e letters are allocated from

: on down+ using the first unused dri%e letter found.

R* J R)*'R

Remo%es !deletes" a directory.

R)*'R UASV UAV Udri%e:Vpath

R* UASV UAV Udri%e:Vpath

AS Remo%es all directories and files in the specified directory

in addition to the directory itself. Dsed to remo%e a directory

tree.

A uiet mode+ do not as$ if o$ to remo%e a directory tree with AS

RC>@R

Reco%ers readable information from a bad or defecti%e dis$.

RC>@R Udri%e:VUpathVfilename

Consult the online Command Reference in 4indows ;P Felp before using the RC>@R command.

R)

Records comments !remar$s" in a batch file or C>,/'K.SS.

R) UcommentV

R, J R,0)

Renames a file or files.

R,0) Udri%e:VUpathVfilename filename8.

R, Udri%e:VUpathVfilename filename8. ,ote that you cannot specify a new dri%e or path for your destination file.

RPL0C

Replaces files.

RPL0C Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Udri%e8:VUpath8V UA0V UAPV UARV UA4V

RPL0C Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Udri%e8:VUpath8V UAPV UARV UASV UA4V UADV

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Specifies the source file or files.

Udri%e8:VUpath8V Specifies the directory where files are to be

replaced.

A0 0dds new files to destination directory. Cannot

use with AS or AD switches.

AP Prompts for confirmation before replacing a file or

adding a source file.

AR Replaces readonly files as well as unprotected

files.

AS Replaces files in all subdirectories of the

destination directory. Cannot use with the A0

switch.

A4 4aits for you to insert a dis$ before beginning.

AD Replaces !updates" only files that are older than

source files. Cannot use with the A0 switch.

ST

*isplays+ sets+ or remo%es cmd.exe en%ironment %ariables.

ST U%ariableZUstringVV

%ariable Specifies the en%ironment%ariable name.

string Specifies a series of characters to assign to the %ariable.

Type ST without parameters to display the current en%ironment %ariables.

'f Command xtensions are enabled ST changes as follows:

ST command in%o$ed with 2ust a %ariable name+ no e#ual sign or %alue will display the %alue of all %ariables whose prefix matches the name gi%en to the ST command. /or example:

ST P would display all %ariables that begin with the letter 6P6

ST command will set the RR>RL@L to  if the %ariable name is not found in the current en%ironment.

ST command will not allow an e#ual sign to be part of the name of a %ariable.

Two new switches ha%e been added to the ST command:

ST A0 expression

ST AP %ariableZUpromptStringV

The A0 switch specifies that the string to the right of the e#ual sign is a numerical expression that is e%aluated. The expression e%aluator is pretty simple and supports the following operations+ in decreasing order of precedence:

!"  grouping

1 ^   unary operators

Y A ]  arithmetic operators

   arithmetic operators

 MM  logical shift

J  bitwise and

  bitwise exclusi%e or

W  bitwise or

Z YZ AZ ]Z Z Z  assignment

JZ Z WZ Z MMZ

+  expression separator

'f you use any of the logical or modulus operators+ you will need to enclose the expression string in #uotes. 0ny nonnumeric strings in the expression are treated as en%ironment %ariable names whose %alues are con%erted to numbers before using them. 'f an en%ironment %ariable name is specified but is not defined in the current en%ironment+ then a %alue of

%ariable %alues without ha%ing to type all those ] signs to get their

%alues. 'f ST A0 is executed from the command line outside of a command script+ then it displays the final %alue of the expression. The assignment operator re#uires an en%ironment %ariable name to the left of the assignment operator. ,umeric %alues are decimal numbers+ unless prefixed by x for hexadecimal numbers+ and  for octal numbers.

So x8 is the same as H is the same as 88. Please note that the octal notation can be confusing: H and I are not %alid numbers because H and

I are not %alid octal digits.

The AP switch allows you to set the %alue of a %ariable to a line of input entered by the user. *isplays the specified promptString before reading the line of input. The promptString can be empty.

n%ironment %ariable substitution has been enhanced as follows:

]P0TF:strZstr8] would expand the P0TF en%ironment %ariable+ substituting each occurrence of str in the expanded result with str8. str8 can be the empty string to effecti%ely delete all occurrences of str from the expanded output. str can begin with an asteris$+ in which case it will match e%erything from the beginning of the expanded output to the first occurrence of the remaining portion of str.

)ay also specify substrings for an expansion.

]P0TF:^+9] would expand the P0TF en%ironment %ariable+ and then use only the 9 characters that begin at the th !offset " character of the expanded result. 'f the length is not specified+ then it defaults to the remainder of the %ariable %alue. 'f either number !offset or length" is negati%e+ then the number used is the length of the en%ironment %ariable

%alue added to the offset or length specified.

]P0TF:^] would extract the last  characters of the P0TF %ariable.

]P0TF:^+8] would extract all but the last 8 characters of the P0TF %ariable.

/inally+ support for delayed en%ironment %ariable expansion has been added. This support is always disabled by default+ but may be enabledAdisabled %ia the A@ command line switch to C)*.;. See C)* A5

*elayed en%ironment %ariable expansion is useful for getting around the limitations of the current expansion which happens when a line of text is read+ not when it is executed. The following example demonstrates the problem with immediate %ariable expansion:

set @0RZbefore

if ]@0R] ZZ before !

set @0RZafter

if ]@0R] ZZ after `echo 'f you see this+ it wor$ed

" would ne%er display the message+ since the ]@0R] in 7>TF '/ statements is substituted when the first '/ statement is read+ since it logically includes the body of the '/+ which is a compound statement. So the

'/ inside the compound statement is really comparing before with

after which will ne%er be e#ual. Similarly+ the following example will not wor$ as expected:

set L'STZ

for ]i in !Y" do set L'STZ]L'ST] ]i echo ]L'ST] in that it will ,>T build up a list of files in the current directory+ but instead will 2ust set the L'ST %ariable to the last file found.

0gain+ this is because the ]L'ST] is expanded 2ust once when the

/>R statement is read+ and at that time the L'ST %ariable is empty.

So the actual />R loop we are executing is:

for ]i in !Y" do set L'STZ ]i which 2ust $eeps setting L'ST to the last file found.

*elayed en%ironment %ariable expansion allows you to use a different character !the exclamation mar$" to expand en%ironment %ariables at execution time. 'f delayed %ariable expansion is enabled+ the abo%e examples could be written as follows to wor$ as intended:

set @0RZbefore

if ]@0R] ZZ before !

set @0RZafter

if 1@0R1 ZZ after `echo 'f you see this+ it wor$ed

set L'STZ

for ]i in !Y" do set L'STZ1L'ST1 ]i

echo ]L'ST]

'f Command xtensions are enabled+ then there are se%eral dynamic en%ironment %ariables that can be expanded but which don6t show up in the list of %ariables displayed by ST. These %ariable %alues are computed dynamically each time the %alue of the %ariable is expanded.

'f the user explicitly defines a %ariable with one of these names+ then that definition will o%erride the dynamic one described below:

]C*]  expands to the current directory string.

]*0T]  expands to current date using same format as *0T command. ]T')]  expands to current time using same format as T') command.

]R0,*>)]  expands to a random decimal number between  and 38GEG.

]RR>RL@L]  expands to the current RR>RL@L %alue

]C)*;T@RS'>,]  expands to the current Command Processor xtensions

%ersion number.

]C)*C)*L',]  expands to the original command line that in%o$ed the

Command Processor.

STL>C0L

7egins localiC0L has been issued are local to the batch file.

,*L>C0L must be issued to restore the pre%ious settings. 4hen the end of a batch script is reached+ an implied ,*L>C0L is executed for any outstanding STL>C0L commands issued by that batch script.

STL>C0L

'f Command xtensions are enabled STL>C0L changes as follows:

STL>C0L batch command now accepts optional arguments:

,07L;T,S'>,S A *'S07L;T,S'>,S

enable or disable command processor extensions. See

C)* A5 for details.

,07L*L0*;P0,S'>, A *'S07L*L0*;P0,S'>,

enable or disable delayed en%ironment %ariable

expansion. See ST A5 for details.

These modifications last until the matching ,*L>C0L command+ regardless of their setting prior to the STL>C0L command.

The STL>C0L command will set the RR>RL@L %alue if gi%en an argument. 't will be

@R'/ >TFR 8Mnul

STL>C0L ,07L;T,S'>,S

'/ RR>RL@L  echo Dnable to enable extensions

This wor$s because on old %ersions of C)*.;+ STL>C0L does ,>T set the RR>RL@L %alue. The @R'/ command with a bad argument initialiRL@L %alue to a non

SF'/T

Changes the position of replaceable parameters in a batch file.

SF'/T UAnV

'f Command xtensions are enabled the SF'/T command supports the An switch which tells the command to start shifting at the nth argument+ where n may be between

SF'/T A8 would shift ]3 to ]8+ ]B to ]3+ etc. and lea%e ] and ] unaffected.

S>RT

S>RT UARV UAnV UA) $ilobytesV UAL localeV UARC recordbytesV

UUdri%e:VUpathVfilenameV UAT Udri%e8:VUpath8VV

UA> Udri%e3:VUpath3Vfilename3V

An Specifies the character number+ n+ to

begin each comparison. A3 indicates that

each comparison should begin at the 3rd

character in each line. Lines with fewer

than n characters collate before other lines.

7y default comparisons start at the first

character in each line.

ALU>C0LV locale >%errides the system default locale with

the specified one. The C locale yields the fastest collating se#uence and is

currently the only alternati%e. The sort

is always case insensiti%e.

A)U)>RV $ilobytes Specifies amount of main memory to use for

the sort+ in $ilobytes. The memory si

always constrained to be a minimum of E

$ilobytes. 'f the memory si

the exact amount will be used for the sort+

regardless of how much main memory is

a%ailable.

The best performance is usually achie%ed by

not specifying a memory si

sort will be done with one pass !no temporary

file" if it fits in the default maximum

memory si

in two passes !with the partially sorted data

being stored in a temporary file" such that

the amounts of memory used for both the sort

and merge passes are e#ual. The default

maximum memory si

memory if both the input and output are

files+ and B9] of main memory otherwise.

ARCU>R*X)0;')D)V characters Specifies the maximum number of characters

in a record !default BIE+ maximum E9939".

ARU@RSV Re%erses the sort order= that is+

sorts  to 0+ then I to .

Udri%e:VUpathVfilename Specifies the file to be sorted. 'f not

specified+ the standard input is sorted. Specifying the input file is faster than

redirecting the same file as standard input.

ATU)P>R0RV

Udri%e8:VUpath8V Specifies the path of the directory to hold

the sort6s wor$ing storage+ in case the data

does not fit in main memory. The default is

to use the system temporary directory.

A>UDTPDTV

Udri%e3:VUpath3Vfilename3 Specifies the file where the sorted input is

to be stored. 'f not specified+ the data is

written to the standard output. Specifying

the output file is faster than redirecting

standard output to the same file.

ST0RT

Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.

ST0RT UtitleV UA*pathV UA'V UA)',V UA)0;V UASP0R0T W ASF0R*V

UAL>4 W A,>R)0L W AF'KF W AR0LT') W A07>@,>R)0L W A7L>4,>R)0LV

UA40'TV UA7V UcommandAprogramV

UparametersV

title Title to display in window title bar.

path Starting directory

7 Start application without creating a new window. The

application has C handling ignored. Dnless the application

enables C processing+ 7rea$ is the only way to interrupt

the application

' The new en%ironment will be the original en%ironment passed

to the cmd.exe and not the current en%ironment.

)', Start window minimi

SP0R0T Start Ebit 4indows program in separate memory space

SF0R* Start Ebit 4indows program in shared memory space

L>4 Start application in the '*L priority class

,>R)0L Start application in the ,>R)0L priority class

F'KF Start application in the F'KF priority class

R0LT') Start application in the R0LT') priority class

07>@,>R)0L Start application in the 07>@,>R)0L priority class

7L>4,>R)0L Start application in the 7L>4,>R)0L priority class

40'T Start application and wait for it to terminate

commandAprogram

'f it is an internal cmd command or a batch file then

the command processor is run with the A? switch to cmd.exe.

This means that the window will remain after the command

has been run.

'f it is not an internal cmd command or batch file then

it is a program and will run as either a windowed application

or a console application.

parameters These are the parameters passed to the commandAprogram

'f Command xtensions are enabled+ external command in%ocation through the command line or the ST0RT command changes as follows: nonexecutable files may be in%o$ed through their file association 2ust

by typing the name of the file as a command. !e.g. 4>R*.*>C would

launch the application associated with the .*>C file extension".

See the 0SS>C and /TP commands for how to create these

associations from within a command script.

4hen executing an application that is a 38bit KD' application+ C)*.;

does not wait for the application to terminate before returning to the command prompt. This new beha%ior does ,>T occur if executing

within a command script.

4hen executing a command line whose first to$en is the string C)* 

without an extension or path #ualifier+ then C)* is replaced with

the %alue of the C>)SPC %ariable. This pre%ents pic$ing up C)*.;

from the current directory.

4hen executing a command line whose first to$en does ,>T contain an

extension+ then C)*.; uses the %alue of the P0TF;T

en%ironment %ariable to determine which extensions to loo$ for

and in what order. The default %alue for the P0TF;T %ariable

is:

.C>)=.;=.70T=.C)*

,otice the syntax is the same as the P0TF %ariable+ with

semicolons separating the different elements.

4hen searching for an executable+ if there is no match on any extension+ then loo$s to see if the name matches a directory name. 'f it does+ the

ST0RT command launches the xplorer on that path. 'f done from the command line+ it is the e#ui%alent to doing a C* A* to that path.

SD7ST

0ssociates a path with a dri%e letter.

SD7ST Udri%e: Udri%e8:VpathV

SD7ST dri%e: A*

dri%e: Specifies a %irtual dri%e to which you want to assign a path.

Udri%e8:Vpath Specifies a physical dri%e and path you want to assign to

a %irtual dri%e.

A* *eletes a substituted !%irtual" dri%e.

Type SD7ST with no parameters to display a list of current %irtual dri%es.

T/TP Transfers files to and from a remote computer running the T/TP ser%ice.

T/TP UiV host UKT W PDTV source UdestinationV

i Specifies binary image transfer mode !also called

octet". 'n binary image mode the file is mo%ed

literally+ byte by byte. Dse this mode when

transferring binary files.

host Specifies the local or remote host.

KT Transfers the file destination on the remote host to

the file source on the local host.

PDT Transfers the file source on the local host to

the file destination on the remote host.

source Specifies the file to transfer.

destination Specifies where to transfer the file.

0lso See: T/TP Commands

T')

*isplays or sets the system time.

T') UAT W timeV

Type T') with no parameters to display the current time setting and a prompt for a new one. Press ,TR to $eep the same time.

'f Command xtensions are enabled the T') command supports the AT switch which tells the command to 2ust output the current time+ without prompting for a new time.

T'TL

Sets the window title for the command prompt window.

T'TL UstringV

string Specifies the title for the command prompt window.

TR

Kraphically displays the folder structure of a dri%e or path. TR Udri%e:VUpathV UA/V UA0V

A/ *isplay the names of the files in each folder.

A0 Dse 0SC'' instead of extended characters.

TP

*isplays the contents of a text file or files.

TP Udri%e:VUpathVfilename

TPPR/

Typeperf writes performance data to the command window or to a log file. To stop Typeperf+ press CTRLC.

Dsage: typeperf  counter Ucounter ...VM W cf filenameM W # Uob2ectV

W #x Uob2ectV  UoptionsV

Parameters:

counter Ucounter ...VM Performance counters to monitor.

>ptions:

5 *isplays context sensiti%e help.

f CS@WTS@W7',WSLM >utput file format. *efault is CS@.

cf filenameM /ile containing performance counters to

monitor+ one per line.

si UUhh:Vmm:VssM Time between samples. *efault is  second.

o filenameM Path of output file or SL database. *efault

is ST*>DT.

# Uob2ectV List installed counters !no instances". To

list counters for one ob2ect+ include the

ob2ect name+ such as Processor.

#x Uob2ectV List installed counters with instances. To

list counters for one ob2ect+ include the

ob2ect name+ such as Processor. sc samplesM ,umber of samples to collect. *efault is to

sample until CTRLC.

config filenameM Settings file containing command options.

s computerXnameM Ser%er to monitor if no ser%er is specified

in the counter path.

y 0nswer yes to all #uestions without

prompting.

,ote:

Counter is the full name of a performance counter in

[[ComputerM[>b2ectM!'nstanceM"[CounterM format+

such as [[Ser%er[Processor!"[] Dser Time.

xamples:

typeperf [Processor!XTotal"[] Processor Time

typeperf cf counters.txt si 9 sc 9 f TS@ o domain8.ts%

typeperf #x Physical*is$ o counters.txt

TR0CRPT

Tracerpt processes binary %ent Trace Session log files or realtime streams from instrumented %ent Trace pro%iders and creates a report or a text !CS@" file describing the e%ents generated.

Dsage: tracerpt  filename Ufilename ...VM W rt sessionXname UsessionXname ...VM

 UoptionsV

Parameters:

filename Ufilename ...VM %ent Trace log file to process.

>ptions:

5 *isplays context sensiti%e help.

o UfilenameV Text !CS@" output file. *efault is

dumpfile.cs%. summary UfilenameV Summary report text file !CS@" file. *efault

is summary.txt.

report UfilenameV Text output report file. *efault is

wor$load.txt.

rt sessionXname UsessionXname ...VM Realtime %ent Trace Session data

source.

config filenameM Settings file containing command options.

y 0nswer yes to all #uestions without

prompting.

xamples:

tracerpt logfile.etl logfile8.etl o report

tracerpt logfile.etl o logdmp.cs% summary logdmp.txt report logrpt.txt

tracerpt rt @,TXSSS'>,X @,TXSSS'>,X8 o logfile.cs%

@R

*isplays the 4indows ;P %ersion.

@R

@R'/

Tells cmd.exe whether to %erify that your files are written correctly to a dis$.

@R'/ U>, W >//V

Type @R'/ without a parameter to display the current @R'/ setting.

@>L

*isplays the dis$ %olume label and serial number+ if they exist.

@>L Udri%e:V

;C>P

Copies files and directory trees.

;C>P source UdestinationV UA0 W A)V UA*U:dateVV UAPV UAS UAVV UA@V UA4V

UACV UA'V UAV UA/V UALV UAKV UAFV UARV UATV UADV UA?V UA,V UA>V UA;V UAV UAV UAV

UA;CLD*:fileUfile8VUfile3V...V

source Specifies the file!s" to copy.

destination Specifies the location andAor name of new files.

A0 Copies only files with the archi%e attribute set+

doesn6t change the attribute.

A) Copies only files with the archi%e attribute set+

turns off the archi%e attribute.

A*:mdy Copies files changed on or after the specified date.

'f no date is gi%en+ copies only those files whose

source time is newer than the destination time.

A;CLD*:fileUfile8VUfile3V...

Specifies a list of files containing strings. ach string

should be in a separate line in the files. 4hen any of the

strings match any part of the absolute path of the file to be

copied+ that file will be excluded from being copied. /or

example+ specifying a string li$e [ob2[ or .ob2 will exclude

all files underneath the directory ob2 or all files with the

.ob2 extension respecti%ely.

AP Prompts you before creating each destination file.

AS Copies directories and subdirectories except empty ones.

A Copies directories and subdirectories+ including empty ones.

Same as AS A. )ay be used to modify AT.

A@ @erifies each new file.

A4 Prompts you to press a $ey before copying.

AC Continues copying e%en if errors occur.

A' 'f destination does not exist and copying more than one file+

assumes that destination must be a directory. A *oes not display file names while copying.

A/ *isplays full source and destination file names while copying.

AL *isplays files that would be copied.

AK 0llows the copying of encrypted files to destination that does

not support encryption.

AF Copies hidden and system files also.

AR >%erwrites readonly files.

AT Creates directory structure+ but does not copy files. *oes not

include empty directories or subdirectories. AT A includes

empty directories and subdirectories.

AD Copies only files that already exist in destination.

A? Copies attributes. ,ormal ;copy will reset readonly attributes.

A, Copies using the generated short names.

A> Copies file ownership and 0CL information.

A; Copies file audit settings !implies A>".

A Suppresses prompting to confirm you want to o%erwrite an

existing destination file.

A Causes prompting to confirm you want to o%erwrite an

existing destination file.

A Copies networ$ed files in restartable mode.

The switch A may be preset in the C>PC)* en%ironment %ariable.

This may be o%erridden with A on the command line.

Command 'ndex

0PP,* 0llows programs to open data files as if they were in the current directory

0RP *isplays and modifies the 'PtoPhysical address 0RP translation tables.

0SS>C *isplays or modifies file extension associations.

0T Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.

0TTR'7 *isplays or changes file attributes. 0T)0*) 4indows 0T) Call )anager Statistics.

7>>TC/K Configures the boot.ini file.

7R0? Sets or clears extended CTRLC chec$ing.

C0CLS *isplays or modifies access control lists !0CLs" of files.

C0LL Calls one batch program from another.

C* *isplays the name of or changes the current directory.

CFCP *isplays or sets the acti%e code page number.

CF*'R *isplays the name of or changes the current directory.

CF?*S? Chec$s a dis$ and displays a status report.

CF?,T/S *isplays or modifies the chec$ing of dis$ at boot time.

C'PFR *isplays or alters the encryption of directories UfilesV on ,T/S partitions.

CLS Clears the screen.

C)* Starts a new instance of the 4indows command interpreter.

C)STP 'nstalls or remo%es a Connection )anager ser%ice profiles.

C>L>R Sets the default console foreground and bac$ground colors.

C>))0,* Command 'nterpreter

C>)P Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.

C>)P0CT *isplays or alters the compression of files on ,T/S partitions.

C>,@RT Con%erts /0T %olumes to ,T/S.

C>P Copies one or more files to another location.

CSCR'PT )icrosoft 4indows Script Fost

*0T *isplays or sets the date.

*7DK 0 program testing and editing tool.

*/R0K *is$ *efragmenter.

*L *eletes one or more files.

*'R *isplays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.

*'S?C>)P Compares the contents of two floppy dis$s.

*'S?C>P Copies the contents of one floppy dis$ to another. *'S?P0RT *is$ Partition Dtility.

*>S? dits command lines+ recalls 4indows commands+ and creates macros.

*R'@RDR nables an administrator to enumerate and display the list of

installed de%ice dri%ers as well as their properties.

CF> *isplays messages+ or turns command echoing on or off.

*'T )S*>S ditor

*L', 0 lineoriented text editor.

,*L>C0L nds locali

R0S *eletes one or more files.

@,TCR0T Create a custom e%ent '* and message in a specified e%ent log.

;'T uits the C)*.; program !command interpreter".

/C Compares two files or sets of files+ and displays the differences

between them.

/',* Searches for a text string in a file or files.

/',*STR Searches for strings in files.

/>R Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.

/>R)0T /ormats a dis$ for use with 4indows.

/TP Transfers files to and from a computer running an /TP ser%er ser%ice

/TP *isplays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.

K>T> *irects the 4indows command interpreter to a labeled line in a

batch program.

KR0/T07L nables 4indows to display an extended character set in graphics

mode.

FLP Pro%ides Felp information for 4indows commands.

'/ Performs conditional processing in batch programs.

'PC>,/'K 'P Configuration.

?7E Configures a $eyboard for a specific language.

L07L Creates+ changes+ or deletes the %olume label of a dis$. L>0*/'; Loads a program abo%e the first EB? of memory+ and runs the program.

)* Creates a directory.

)) *isplays the amount of used and free memory in your system.

)?*'R Creates a directory.

)>* Configures a system de%ice.

)>R *isplays output one screen at a time.

)>@ )o%es one or more files from one directory to another directory.

P0TF *isplays or sets a search path for executable files.

P0DS Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.

P',K Ping a networ$ connection

P>P* Restores the pre%ious %alue of the current directory sa%ed by PDSF*.

PR',T Prints a text file.

PR>)PT Changes the 4indows command prompt.

PDSF* Sa%es the current directory then changes it.it.

R* Remo%es a directory.

RC>@R Reco%ers readable information from a bad or defecti%e dis$.

R) Records comments !remar$s" in batch files or C>,/'K.SS.

R, Renames a file or files.

R,0) Renames a file or files.

RPL0C Replaces files.

R)*'R Remo%es a directory.

ST *isplays+ sets+ or remo%es 4indows en%ironment %ariables.

STL>C0L 7egins locali

SF'/T Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.

S>RT Sorts input.

ST0RT Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.

SD7ST 0ssociates a path with a dri%e letter.

T/TP TrTransfers files to and from a remote computer running the T/TP ser%ice. T') *isplays or sets the system time.

T'TL Sets the window title for a C)*.; session.

TR Kraphically displays the directory structure of a dri%e or path.

TP *isplays the contents of a text file.

TPPR/ 4rites performance data to the command window or to a log file.

TR0CRPT Processes binary %ent Trace Session log files or realtime streams

@R *isplays the 4indows %ersion.

@R'/ TeTells 4indows whether to %erify that your files are written

Correctly to a dis$.

@>L *isplays a dis$ %olume label and serial number.

#9$- 9opies files and diretory trees'

TTVs Call For Helps "Best Of The Best"

&ormer Te"hT1s 2Call &or +elp2

- a# dedicating this6 to eep alie all the hard wor the people of 55Bs Call 'or Help hae put into putting this together. !s of May "=th6 "990. 5he Call 'or Help boards are no #ore. !nd so as not to lose this infor#ation. - a# putting their hard wor here.

This is a consolidation of the "Best of the Best" lins found on the CFH !oards There#s !een many contri!utors to this post and many of them ha$e %i$en these lins out countless times These lins ha$e pro$en themsel$es time and time a%ain &t#s our sincere hope that these lins 'ill sol$e your computer pro!lem (nd if you don#t ha$e any outstandin% computer issues to address) then feel free to e*plore the fruit of our research (ll of the soft'are found here is free There are up%rade $ersions a$aila!le for many of them) and !etter pro%rams a$aila!le) !ut the soft'are commonly recommended is free

Sincerely: (ll the $olunteers at the Call For Help +essa%e Board Startup ,tilities e$er use +SConfi% to disa!le startup pro%rams no matter 'hat others ha$e recommended +SConfi% 'as ne$er meant to !e a startup mana%er Please note the 'arnin% found on the +icrosoft site concernin% +SConfi% &f you use it and then run a pro%ram) you may cause pro!lems that can only !e resol$ed 'ith a repair install of your Operatin% System &nstead) use one of the follo'in% startup mana%ers .. Codestuff Starter  ./ Pacs-Portal Startup .0 1reatis Startup .2 +ie 3in#s Startup Control Panel is an easy 'ay of controllin% the startup pro%rams

Hard'are and Soft'are ,tilities eed to find out somethin% a!out your computers hard'are or soft'are4 /. (ida20 V 252 6eports on Hard'are and %i$e lins for updates &f it#s not offered there) then you can find it here // Belarc (d$isor 6eports on Soft'are and processes /0 +S 7indo's +emory Dia%nostic Tests your physical memory /2 PCPitstopcom checs many thin%s from dis fra%mentation to &nternet speed tests /8 Dri$er Detecti$e 'ill chec your dri$ers and report 'hat updates are a$aila!le This pro%ram is not free) so 'e %enerally recommend people to simply 'rite do'n their results and then manually %et the updated dri$ers

&nternet Security 9eepin% your computer secure is your first line of defence a%ainst hacers) $iruses) troans) hiacers) spammers) and ad'are These pro%rams and sites 'ill help you mae the o! a little !it easier They 'ill also educate you a!out the threat and your computer) and is one of the most important parts of computer maintenance you can do 0. 7indo's ,pdate is the most important security measure you can do 0/ 7indo's ;P Ser$ice Pac /a o' you can do'nload and sa$e SP/ on your computer or !urn it to dis instead of ha$in% to do'nload it e$ery time you reinstall 7indo's ;P 00 <0=525 ,pdate 6ollup / for 7indo's ;P +icrosoft has released ,pdate 6ollup / for +icrosoft 7indo's ;P (n update rollup is a cumulati$e set of hotfi*es) security patches) critical updates) and updates that are paca%ed to%ether for easy deployment ,pdate 6ollup / for 7indo's ;P is a sin%le paca%e that includes many pre$iously released critical updates for 7indo's ;P 02 Cumulati$e Security ,pdate for &nternet >*plorer = SP/ This do'nload 'raps up multiple security patches from +icrosoft into a sin%le do'nload There are other security patches a$aila!le as 'ell See +icrosoft#s Protect ?our PC pa%e for more details 08 7indo's 5< Critical and Beneficial ,pdates 1et them 'hile +icrosoft still supports 7indo's 5< Sa$e them to your computer and !urn them to CD 0@ Shoot the +essen%er Disa!les 'indo's messen%er ser$ice for you 0= 9ellys-9orner has a fi* if you use shoot the messen%er and Outloo >*press or Hotmail slo's do'n 0A DCO+!o!ulator Disa!les DCO+ a security threat 0< (uditmypccom scans your fire'all for security leas 05 Sy%ate Security Scan tests for open ports on your computer 0( +icrosoft Baseline Security (nalyser 0B ,nplu% and Pray Disa!les the 6arely used ,PnP ser$ice for you 0C Direct; Buster fully uninstalls Direct; from your computer 0D Cumulati$e Security ,pdate for &nternet >*plorer sp/ o' you can do'nload all the updates and sa$e them to your dri$e or !urn them to CD 0> Sun a$a +ore secure than +S $ersion of a$a and still supported 0F Hacer eliminator can pre$ent 'orms and hiacin% and %i$es recommendations on your internet !ro'ser settin%s 01 Settin% ,p Security Eones in &nternet >*plorer sho's you ho' to set up security ones to protect your computer 0H Start Pa%e 1uard pre$ents your home pa%e from !ein% hiaced &f it %i$es you an alert) you should also scan for hiacers and $iruses

Free Personal Fire'alls e$er ha$e 0 or more soft'are fire'alls runnin% on the same computer They often conflict 'ith each other and cause pro!lems 2. Sy%ate Personal Fire'all 2/ Tiny Personal Fire'all 20 Eone(larm 22 Outpost fire'all

Free 7e! Bro'sers &t#s %enerally recommended that you ha$e more than one !ro'ser a$aila!le to you e$en if you use one e*clusi$ely That 'ay) you can chec to see if a pro!lem is uniGue to your !ro'ser or a more %eneralied pro!lem 8. +oilla 8/ Firefo* >*tentions 80 Opera 82 Flashpea SlimBro'ser 88 ($ant!ro'ser

7e! !ased Virus and Troan Scanners &t#s al'ays a %ood idea to ne$er rely on a sin%le anti $irus pro%ram >specially if you ha$e recently cleaned out a $irus @. Panda (cti$eScan @/ Free Online Troan Scan @0 C7Shredder remo$es the Cool7e!Search Hiacer and it#s $ariations Here#s a tip @2 Symantec Security Chec @8 BitDefender Free Online Virus Scan @@ 6(V Online Virus Scanner ust put in an email address and clic on to continue 'ithout su!scri!in% clic here"

3ocal computer Virus and Troan Scanners These free anti $irus pro%rams %i$e you e*tra protection a%ainst $iruses and are updated re%ularly =. ($ast) Home >diton =/ (V1 (ntiVirus =0 (nd if you#re ha$in% trou!le %ettin% updates for (V1 (ntiVirus) here#s the fi* =2 +ie 3ins Startup +onitor alerts you if any pro%rams lie troans) $iruses) or hiacers re%ister to run at startup =8 7inpatrol also alerts you to pro%rams that are installed on your computer 'ithout your no'led%e

3ins to common $irus remo$al instructions A. Symantec '20 !laster 'orm information A/ Symantec '20 !laster 'orm remo$al tool A0 Symantec Ghosts 'orm information A2 Symantec Ghosts 'orm remo$al tool A8 +c(fee hosts-/ information and remo$al instructions A@ Besttechienet has instructions on ho' to remo$e the +S,pdatere*e troan

(d'are) Spy'are) and Hiacer Scanners &f your anti $irus pro%ram finds nothin% and you are e*periencin% $irus lie symptoms or un'anted ad$ertisements) these pro%rams may help <. Spy!ot Search and Destroy remo$es ad$ertisin% and spy'are from your computer

<8 Bro'ser Hiac Blaster pre$ents some !ro'ser hiacin% <@ 9aaaBe1one remo$es 9aaa and all of its spy'are components <= &> Spyad places ad$ertisement sites in the restricted one and disa!les many of the tools they use to hiac your computer

Pop,p Stoppers 5. >+S Freesurfer 5/ 1oo%le Tool!ar 50 '''Popuptestcom Test your Pop,p Stopper

7e! Sites 'ith ,seful information These 'e! sites ha$e information that can help people dia%nose many common pro!lems on their computers They also ha$e information that people commonly as a!out (. Do*descomIparasite lists information a!out soft'are parasites (/ Spy'are1uidecom lists information a!out spy'are (0 Spy'areinfocomalso lists information a!out spy'are (2 (ns'ersthat'orcom lists common tass that are runnin% on your machine (8 BlacVipercom%i$es information a!out 'indo's ser$ices (@ B&OS Po'er On Self Test POST Beep Codes (= Fdis 6adified %i$es information on ho' to use the Fdis utility (A (nnoyancesor% has a lot of information and tip on many su!ects (< Pass'ord 6eco$ery for 7indo's ;P) 0...) T +ae sure you read the F( Before you do anythin% (5 Vmythscom is a 'e! site 'ith the latest ne's a!out Virus Hoa*es and +yths (( Hoa*!ustersciacor% is an >mail hoa* site 3earn 'hy you should not !elie$e e$erythin% you read

+icrosoft 9no'led%e Base (rticles These articles !y +icrosoft resol$e issues that 'e often see on this !oard B. 7indo's "Soft'are ,pdate incomplete) This Soft'are ,pdate Did ot ,pdate Successfully" >rror +essa%e 7hen ?ou Visit the 7indo's ,pdate Site B/ 0*plorer 7indo' or othin% Happens (fter ?ou Clic a 3in B0 2.==/@ The Computer (l'ays Starts in Safe +ode B2 2.<80/ Ho' To Tae O'nership of a File or Folder in 7indo's ;P B8 /8<5/5 7indo's 6estarts Continuously B@ 2//<.= 7indo's 6estarts 7hen ?ou Try to Shut Do'n ?our Computer B= 2/8.@A T3D6 &s +issin% >rror +essa%e 7hen ?ou ,p%rade or &nstall 7indo's ;P O$er 7indo's 5@) 7indo's 5<) Or 7indo's +illenium BA 20/2.@ Ho' to 3o% On to 7indo's ;P &f ?ou For%et ?our Pass'ord or ?our Pass7ord >*pires B< 2.0.<5 Ho' to Pre$ent 7indo's +essen%er From 6unnin% on a 7indo's ;P Based Computer

7indo's &nstallation Helpful Ho' To Sites These sites offer %ood information on ho' to install and repair +icrosoft 7indo's

C. ;P Clean &nstall C/ Ho' To 6epair ;P C0 Ho' to &nstall 7indo's 5< on a Computer 7ith o Operatin% System C2 Ho' to ,se the Fdis and Format Tools to Partition or 6epartition a Hard Dis

6e%istry Cleaners) file shredders) and file reco$ery Securely deletin% files) reco$erin% deleted files) and cleanin% the re%istry are common issues many people ha$e ased a!out D. 6e%seeer is a re%istry cleaner D/ >raser is the most recommended file shredder D0 (nalo%; Supershredder D2 ,ltra'ipe D8 Cuteeraser is more of an internet pri$acy utility D@ +6,Blaster cleans up +ost 6ecently ,sed entries for pri$acy on pu!lic computers D= (cti$eJ9illdis hard dri$e eraser 'ill 'ipe the entire hard dri$e completely DA PC &nspector ema** 'ill 'ipe a hard dri$e 'ell enou%h for the defense department D< PC &nspector File 6eco$ery D5 6estoration - File ,ndelete ,tility 'ill reco$er files after they 'ere remo$ed from the recycle !in D/. &SO Buster 'ill allo' you to reco$er lost data or files from CD#s or DVD#s D// (utocla$e 'ipes the entire hard dri$e clean D/0 Dis Cleener cleans out the temp directory and the internet temporary files 7ors 'ith Opera and &>

Video con$ersion and editin% These 'e!sites %i$e e*cellent information a!out con$ertin% $ideo and main% DVDs) VCDs) and SVCDs >. DVD6helpcom has information on main% DVDs) VCDs) and SVCDs >/ DVD6help con$ert has information on con$ertin% files into DVD) VCD) and SVCD formats >0 Tmp1enc $ideo con$ersion pro%ram >2 &rfan$ie' 'ill display pictures and $ideo in most formats

Other) ,ncate%oried 3ins F. '''dllfilescom find missin% dll files here F/ missin%files has many of those files that your computer may !e missin% F2 7inip compresses and decompresses most file formats F8 7hat is a Troll4 ans'ers the Guestion "'hy is this %uy insultin%) and 'hat can & do a!out it"

T'ea Sites 1. 9elly#s 9orner has more information) fi*es and t'eas than most people ha$e time to read 1/ PurePerformancecom 10 O$erclocerscom 12 PC Pitstop has a utility that test your computers performance 18 ;teG ;setup has lots of t'eas Don#t for%et to %et the e*tra plu%ins 1@ $/= utilities has many t'eas a$aila!le for your system 1= T'ea,& also has many t'eas for 7indo's