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Doctoral Thesis-Mohamed Tawfik Tesis Doctoral 2013 Laboratory as a Service (LaaS): a Paradigm for Developing and Implementing Modular Remote Laboratories Laboratorio como Servicio (LaaS): un Paradigma para Desarrollar e Implementar Laboratorios Remotos Modulares Mohamed Saied Tawfik Abuelela MSc, Ingeniería Electrónica Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, España (2011) BSc, Ingeniería Eléctrica Universidad de Ain Shams, El Cairo, Egipto (2008) Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, y de Control (DIEEC) Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII) Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) Director: Manuel Alonso Castro Gil Catedrático de Universidad Presidente de la Sociedad de Educación del IEEE Co-director: Elio Sancristobal Ruiz Ayudante Doctor Tesis Doctoral 2013 Laboratory as a Service (LaaS): a Paradigm for Developing and Implementing Modular Remote Laboratories Laboratorio como Servicio (LaaS): un Paradigma para Desarrollar e Implementar Laboratorios Remotos Modulares Mohamed Saied Tawfik Abuelela MSc, Ingeniería Electrónica Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, España (2011) BSc, Ingeniería Eléctrica Universidad de Ain Shams, El Cairo, Egipto (2008) Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, y de Control (DIEEC) Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII) Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) Director: Manuel Alonso Castro Gil Catedrático de Universidad Presidente de la Sociedad de Educación del IEEE Co-director: Elio Sancristobal Ruiz Ayudante Doctor i ii Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, y de Control (DIEEC) Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII) Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) Laboratory as a Service (LaaS): a Paradigm for Developing and Implementing Modular Remote Laboratories Laboratorio como Servicio (LaaS): un Paradigma para Desarrollar e Implementar Laboratorios Remotos Modulares Mohamed Saied Tawfik Abuelela MSc, Ingeniería Electrónica Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, España (2011) BSc, Ingeniería Eléctrica Universidad de Ain Shams, El Cairo, Egipto (2008) Director: Manuel Alonso Castro Gil Catedrático de Universidad Presidente de la Sociedad de Educación del IEEE Co-director: Elio Sancristobal Ruiz Ayudante Doctor iii iv Acknowledgments Foremost, my heartfelt thanks go to my parents Shadia and Saied, to my sister Heba, and to my brothers Mahmoud and Ahmed for their unfailing love, patience, prayers, and selfless support. It is to my family that I dedicate this thesis. My sincere gratitude and appreciation go to my personal and professional value adding supervisor, Professor Manuel Castro, who has nurtured my passion for science and knowledge throughout my PhD years. Words are inadequate to express my gratitude to this great person for his tremendous motivation, support, and continuous advice and encouragement. I would also like to acknowledge the appreciation of my co-supervisor, Professor Elio Sancristobal, who has been very helpful and supportive of me. Similarly, to my colleagues, the entire members of DIEEC-UNED—too numerous to mention here, who made my experience here in Madrid and at UNED fulfilling. My deepest and affectionate thanks to Professor David Lowe for his consistent guidance and inspiring discussions during my research visit at University of Technology, Sydney (UTS). As well, to all his research group for their technical support. Similarly, to Professor Christophe Salzmann and Professor Denis Gillet, for the insightful research advices and guidance I had the privilege to receive during my research visit at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and during the writing of this thesis. Thanks David, Christophe, and Denis! I am genuinely indebted to the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for funding my PhD through its FPI pre-doctoral scholarships grant (BES-2009-028307), which was linked with the sLab project (TIN2008-06083- C03/TSI). I would also like to acknowledge the financial support of the following research projects: SOLITE (CYTED- P507AC0526), mPSS (142788-2008-BG-LEONARDO-LMP), e-Madrid (S2009/TIC-1650), BEOL (NSF-1132813), PAC (517742-LLP-1-2011-1-BG-ERASMUS-ECUE), RIPLECS (517836-LLP-1-2011-1-ES-ERASMUS-ESMO), EMTM (2011-1- PL1-LEO05-19883-ESMO), MUREE (530332-TEMPUS-1-2012-1-JO-TEMPUS-JPCR), and GO-Lab (530332-TEMPUS-1- 2012-1-JO-TEMPUS-JPCR). I would like to extend my utmost gratitude to the founders and developers of the Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality (VISIR) project at Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Professor Ingvar Gustavsson, Professor Lars Ha°kansson, Johan Zackrisson, and Kristian Nilsson. As well, I am grateful to other research groups within the Global Online Laboratory Consortium (GOLC): Professor Javier Garcia-Zubia and his research group from University of Deusto (UD), Professor Gustavo Alves and his research group from Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Professor Judson Harward and his research group from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Professor Michael Auer and his research group from Carinthia University for Applied science (CUAS). Last but not least, I would like to thank Professor Hamadou Saliah-Hassane and the IEEE P1876™ (Standard for Networked Smart Learning Objects for Online Laboratories) working group. Mohamed Tawfik Madrid, Spain October 2013 v vi Laboratory as a Service (LaaS): a Paradigm for Developing and Implementing Modular Remote Laboratories by Mohamed Saied Tawfik Abuelela Doctoral thesis submitted to the Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of the Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED) on October 2013, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Abstract This thesis introduces a novel paradigm, Laboratory as a Service (LaaS), for developing modular remote laboratories—based on independent component modules—and implementing them as a set of loosely-coupled services to be consumed with a high level of abstraction and virtualization. The main goals are to: (1) define an organized manner for sharing remote laboratories globally among institutions; (2) allow wrapping remote laboratories in any heterogeneous application container, as well as, their coupling and mashing up with heterogeneous services across the Web; (3) facilitate maintenance, reusability, and leveraging legacy equipment; and (4) allow interchangeability of components between provider and consumer—seamlessly and programmatically—insofar as consumer could contribute with one or more components instead of full-reliance on the provider’s equipment and facilities. Beyond the academic context, LaaS will facilitate the incorporation of remote laboratories in the ecosystem of the ubiquitous smart things surrounding us, which increases everyday with the approaching Web of Things (WoT) and artificial intelligence era. This, in turn, will create a breeding ground for online control, experimentation, and discovery—in either formal or informal context and with neither temporal nor geographical constraints. Last but not least, LaaS aims to set principles for a global standardized design pattern to be adopted by remote laboratories developers, providers and consumers. Key Words: automation, cloud computing, computer-aided engineering, eLearning, grid computing, interoperability, mashup, remote laboratories, Web of Things (WoT). Thesis Supervisor: Manuel Alonso Castro Gil Full Professor IEEE Education Society President Thesis Co-Supervisor: Elio Sancristobal Ruiz Assistant Professor vii viii Laboratorio como Servicio (LaaS): un Paradigma para Desarrollar e Implementar Laboratorios Remotos Modulares Mohamed Saied Tawfik Abuelela Tesis presentada en el Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, y de Control (DIEEC) de la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) en Octubre 2013, como parte del requerimiento de la obtención del grado de Doctor (PhD) Resumen En esta tesis se introduce un nuevo paradigma, Laboratorio como Servicio (en inglés, “Laboratory as a Service”, y cuyas siglas en inglés son, LaaS), para desarrollar laboratorios remotos modulares—basados en componentes modulares independientes—e implementarlos como un conjunto de servicios de acoplamiento débil con el fin de utilizarse con un nivel alto de abstracción y virtualización. Los objetivos principales son: (1) definir una forma organizada de compartir los laboratorios remotos globalmente; (2) permitir la integración de los laboratorios remotos en cualquier aplicación heterogénea, así como, su acoplamiento con cualquier servicio heterogéneo existente en la Web; (3) facilitar el mantenimiento y la reutilización de los equipos antiguos; y (4) permitir el intercambio de los componentes entre el proveedor y el consumidor de tal manera que el consumidor podría contribuir con un componente o más en vez de depender completamente de los componentes y los equipos del proveedor. Más allá del contexto académico, LaaS facilitará la incorporación de los laboratorios remotos en el ecosistema de los aparatos inteligentes y ubicuos que nos rodean y que se incrementa cada día con la llegada de la era de la inteligencia artificial y de la Web de las Cosas. Esto dará lugar a la experimentación y el descubrimiento en línea—tanto en contexto formal como informal y sin restricciones geográficas ni temporales. Por último, LaaS pretende establecer bases para un modelo global estandarizado para los desarrolladores de los laboratorios remotos, proveedores
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