Feedstock Resources of Bio-Ethanol Production in Ethiopia

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Feedstock Resources of Bio-Ethanol Production in Ethiopia Gaia Association Holistic Feasibility Study of a National Scale-up Program Regarding Bio-ethanol Stoves and Micro Distilleries. Feedstock Resources of Bio-ethanol Production in Ethiopia December 2014 December 2014 - Feedstock Resources for Bio-ethanol Production in Ethiopia 1 This Feedstock Resources Assessment Report for Bio-ethanol Production in Ethiopia is an output of the Holistic Feasibility Study of “A National Scale-up Program for Ethanol Cook stoves and Ethanol Micro Distilleries (EMDs)” project financed by DFID, with contribution from the Norwegian and Danish governments through the Strategic Climatic Institutions Programme (SCIP). However, the views expressed and information contained in this document are not necessary those of or endorsed by DFID or contributing governments, which can accept no responsibility or liability for such views, completeness or accuracy of information or for any reliance placed on them. December 2014 - Feedstock Resources for Bio-ethanol Production in Ethiopia 2 Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 1. Background ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 Bio-ethanol Technology ............................................................................................................................... 12 1.2 Bio-ethanol Production around the World ............................................................................................. 14 1.3 Bio-ethanol in Ethiopia ................................................................................................................................. 15 1.4 Biomass Energy Consumption in Ethiopia ............................................................................................ 16 2. The National Bio-fuel Development and Utilization Strategy and Its Relevance to the Scaling up of Bio-ethanol Micro Distilleries and Stoves .................................................................. 17 3. Review and Assessments of Reports ............................................................................................................... 25 4. Bio-ethanol Feedstocks .................................................................................................................................. 27 4.1 Sugarcane ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 4.1.1 Varieties ..................................................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.2 Ecology ....................................................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.3 Diseases and Insects ................................................................................................................................... 30 4.1.4 Projections of Bio-ethanol from Sugarcane in Ethiopia ............................................................... 31 4.1.5 Seed Cane Production ................................................................................................................................ 32 4.1.6 Cost of Production of Bio-ethanol from Sugarcane ....................................................................... 33 4.1.7 Molasses Production at Wonji ................................................................................................................ 34 4.1.9 Sugarcane Production under Contract without growers by Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate in Adama Zuria Woreda ............................................................................................................................................ 38 4.2 Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) ................................................................................ 40 4.2.1 Sweet and Grain Sorghum ....................................................................................................................... 40 4.2.2 Genetic Resources ....................................................................................................................................... 41 4.2.3 Ecology ............................................................................................................................................................ 43 4.2.4 Insects and Diseases ................................................................................................................................... 45 4.2.5 Suitability Mapping .................................................................................................................................... 46 4.2.6 Estimation of Bio-ethanol from Sweet Sorghum ............................................................................ 53 4.2.7 Cost of Production of Sweet Sorghum ................................................................................................ 53 4.3 Sugar Beets as a Source of Ethanol .......................................................................................................... 54 4.4 Sweet Potato ...................................................................................................................................................... 57 4.4.1 Ecology ............................................................................................................................................................ 57 4.4.3 Varieties .......................................................................................................................................................... 58 4.4.4 Sweet Potato Production in Boleso Sore Woreda Wolita Zone ................................................. 59 December 2014 - Feedstock Resources for Bio-ethanol Production in Ethiopia 3 4.4.5 Bio-ethanol production from Sweet Potato ....................................................................................... 61 4.5 Cassava ................................................................................................................................................................ 61 4.5.1 Ecology and Propagation ..................................................................................................................... 62 4.5 2 Varieties ..................................................................................................................................................... 62 4.6 Fruits .................................................................................................................................................................... 63 4.6.2 Mango Fruits ............................................................................................................................................ 63 4.6.2 Cactus Pear................................................................................................................................................ 65 4.6.3 Reject Common Bean ........................................................................................................................... 67 5. Production and Productivity of Feedstocks by Regions .......................................................................... 70 6. Comparative and Competitive Advantages of Feedstocks...................................................................... 72 7.1 Recommended Feedstock for Small-Scale Bio-ethanol Production .............................. 73 8. Cellulose Bio-ethanol ............................................................................................................................................ 79 8.1 Acid Hydrolysis ............................................................................................................................................... 79 8.2 Enzyme Hydrolysis ........................................................................................................................................ 80 8.3 Gasification ........................................................................................................................................................ 81 8.4 Selected Feedstocks for Cellulose Bio-ethanol in Ethiopia ............................................................ 81 8.4.1 Cotton Crop Residue ............................................................................................................................. 81 8.4.2 Invasive Alien Species ......................................................................................................................... 82 9. The Significance of Scaling up Bio-ethanol Stoves and Micro Distilleries for Environmental and Food Security Concerns.......................................................................................... 83 10. The Role of Private and Public Sector in Scaling up of Bio-ethanol Stoves and Micro Distilleries ........................................................................................................................................................... 84 10.1 Public Institutions ......................................................................................................................................... 84 10.2 Private ..............................................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Pdf | 11.01 Mb
    o 33°0'0"E 34°0'0"E 35°0'0"E 36°0'0"E 37°0'0"E ! 38°0'0"E 39°0'0"E 40°0'0"E 41°0'0"E 42°0'0"E !h 43°0'0"E 44°0'0"E 45°0'0"E 46°0'0"E 47°0'0"E 48°0'0"E ! ! ! N ! o Segheneyti Asa'ila Bajil " 0 ' 0 Khashm al Qirbah Dek'emhare ° ! 5 RAS AL KALIB 1 Shambiko Areza ! Gina Bala ! ! Mersa Fat'ma ! Al Qutay' ! Wo ADI AIN Addi Feton Siga ! !h ! Adi Keyh HODEIDAH Al Marawi`ah Mendefera ! ! 8 Ma`bar !Bayhan ! Knafna h! ! Al Huzum ! Al Hasaheisa !! ! ! ! Gwelej Ad Dechita o ! ! M'edr Hodeidah Al Hammadi ! 1 Sen`afe o Dengolo o (! Rufa`a ! Al Mansuriyah! Denbe Bengul ! ! BEIHAN ! ANKA HODEIDAH ! Adi-Quala Tsorena Al Jabin Rubayta ! ! 0 ATAQ Adi Aba Ri'isom Ragali ! ! Dhamar ! Shiyaboni Mai Gorzo Zela Ambesa Bayt al Faqih ! ! Shandi ! ! Saroyta o Adi K'elk'el ! ! 2 ! ! Ataq Ar Rawdaho ! ! ! Rada` Wad Medani Shuwak Randakoma ! ! ! Abiy Addi Ad Dahi E R I T R E A ! RAUDHA y Medebay Omhajer Adi Da`iro ! ! ! Yarim Humera ! o l Adigrat ! Al Manaqil ! Golagol ! ! Idaga Hamus R e d S e a ! Al Tuhayta' ! u HUMERA Adwa ! Al Faw ! ! GEDAREFo Al Jarrahi Al Khabr Inda Silase Zabid ! Damt AL KHABR ! o ! ! Aksum o ! J Krum AXUM ! Al Qadarif N Marafluba ! ! BALHAF " 0 ' INDASELASSIE Al Baydao ' 0 , Hajj `Abd Allah Rida' Ibb ! ° ! ! ! hBalhaf 4 Edd Hays ! ! 1 ! ! Jiblah Mukayras ! ! o Lawdar T I G R A Y Adi Khagaba AL-BAYDA ! p ! Mintil ! MUKEIRAS Wad al Haddad ! ! Wik'ro Al Khawkhah Y E M E N ! Arepok Ferer ! ! Al Qa`idah a ! Al Dhale'e Maqbanah TAIZ ! ! (!o Ta`izz M Sinnar Aura ! Agbe ! ! ! ! Ataba Al Habilayn ! Mekele ! ! Al Misrakh ! ALULA ABA NEGA ! g Al Hawatah
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment and Prioritization of Major Camel Diseases in Selected Areas of Afar Regional State, Samara, Ethiopia
    Middle East Journal of Applied Science & Technology (MEJAST) (Peer Reviewed International Journal) Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 23-32, January-March 2020 Assessment and Prioritization of Major Camel Diseases in Selected Areas of Afar Regional State, Samara, Ethiopia Wossene Negash1*, Nuru Seid1 & Fikru Gizaw1 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Samara University, P.O. Box, 132, Samara, Ethiopia. 1*Email: [email protected] Article Received: 11 December 2019 Article Accepted: 07 February 2020 Article Published: 17 March 2020 ABSTRACT A cross sectional study was carried out from January to July 2014 GC in an attempt to assess and prioritize major camel diseases and identify risk factors in the selected areas of Afar region. Camel owners’ interview and retrospective data analysis were the study methods employed. Relevant collected data were organized, filtered and fed into Microsoft Excel sheet and further analyzed using SPSS statistical tools at P< 0.05. Descriptive statistics was carried to determine frequencies of camel diseases camel. Based on descriptive statistics, the study identified and prioritized 16 camel diseases. Chi-Square analysis was computed to measure the degree of association between disease occurrence and risk factors (age, sex, study area and season). Binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyzes were computed at P<0.05 to measure the significance of associated risk factors on disease occurrence. Statistically significant variations (P<0.05) were observed for sex, seasons, age, and study sites on the occurrence of disease with exception kebeles (P>0.05). Though the study duly has revealed numerous diseases of the camel, the actual existence (laboratory based confirmation) and epidemiology of each disease still demands further investigative studies.
    [Show full text]
  • ETHIOPIA - National Hot Spot Map 31 May 2010
    ETHIOPIA - National Hot Spot Map 31 May 2010 R Legend Eritrea E Tigray R egion !ª D 450 ho uses burned do wn d ue to th e re ce nt International Boundary !ª !ª Ahferom Sudan Tahtay Erob fire incid ent in Keft a hum era woreda. I nhabitan ts Laelay Ahferom !ª Regional Boundary > Mereb Leke " !ª S are repo rted to be lef t out o f sh elter; UNI CEF !ª Adiyabo Adiyabo Gulomekeda W W W 7 Dalul E !Ò Laelay togethe r w ith the regiona l g ove rnm ent is Zonal Boundary North Western A Kafta Humera Maychew Eastern !ª sup portin g the victim s with provision o f wate r Measle Cas es Woreda Boundary Central and oth er imm ediate n eeds Measles co ntinues to b e re ported > Western Berahle with new four cases in Arada Zone 2 Lakes WBN BN Tsel emt !A !ª A! Sub-city,Ad dis Ababa ; and one Addi Arekay> W b Afa r Region N b Afdera Military Operation BeyedaB Ab Ala ! case in Ahfe rom woreda, Tig ray > > bb The re a re d isplaced pe ople from fo ur A Debark > > b o N W b B N Abergele Erebtoi B N W Southern keb eles of Mille and also five kebeles B N Janam ora Moegale Bidu Dabat Wag HiomraW B of Da llol woreda s (400 0 persons) a ff ected Hot Spot Areas AWD C ases N N N > N > B B W Sahl a B W > B N W Raya A zebo due to flo oding from Awash rive r an d ru n Since t he beg in nin g of th e year, Wegera B N No Data/No Humanitarian Concern > Ziquala Sekota B a total of 967 cases of AWD w ith East bb BN > Teru > off fro m Tigray highlands, respective ly.
    [Show full text]
  • Household Responses to Drought in Fentale Pastoral Woreda of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
    Household Responses to Drought in Fentale Pastoral Woreda of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia Abera Bekele Department of Development Studies Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Aklilu Amsalu Associate Professor of Development Studies Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia ABSTRACT Fentale pastoralists have been undertaking a set of responses to mitigate the adverse effects of the present day severe recurrent drought on the livelihood sources of the households. This study was conducted to investigate responses that are undertaken to drought by households in Fentale pastoral Woreda of Oromia Regional State in Ethiopia. A household survey was conducted with 134 households complemented by interviews with informants and with in-depth focus group discussion. The results indicate that households have developed various response mechanisms to deal with the challenges of the severe droughts through pastoral and non pastoral activities. An extent of household responses towards both pastoral and non pastoral activities are varied, in which the household characteristics, specifically, wealth in terms of livestock holding is the decisive factors for the engagement of the household in any one or more of a set of productive activities/response mechanisms. The extent of households' mobility and herd diversification has increased. In addition, households have started to partly practice crop cultivation. Other non-pastoral activities such as agriculture, daily labour, petty trade, fuel wood collection and charcoal selling contributed to about 35% of the total household income. Keywords: Climate change, Drought, pastoral, agro-pastoral, Fentale Woreda INTRODUCTION Pastoralism is a rational, adaptable, tried and tested animal production system uniquely suited to the dry lands. Pastoralism occupies a quarter of the world area, which is predominantly arid and semi-arid.
    [Show full text]
  • Eastern Ethiopia
    ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Eastern Ethiopia Why Go? Debre Zeyit ....................174 Most of Eastern Ethiopia is a stark landscape of dust-stained Awash National Park .....176 acacia scrub and forgettable towns. But scattered around Awash to Asaita .............178 this cloak of the commonplace are gems of genuine ad- Asaita ............................ 180 venture. Undoubtedly, the east’s pièce de résistance is the walled city of Harar. There’s still a patina of myth about this Dire Dawa ......................181 ancient town, handed down from the days when its markets Around Dire Dawa ........ 184 served as the Horn’s commercial hub and attracted powerful Harar ............................. 184 merchants, artisans and Islamic scholars. The colonial-rural Around Harar.................193 melange that is the modern city of Dire Dawa delights in its Jijiga ............................. 194 own odd way, while nature lovers can get their kicks at Ba- bille Elephant Sanctuary and Awash National Park, where the volcanic landscape takes top billing over the wildlife. The truly intrepid can follow the seemingly endless ribbon Best of Culture of asphalt north to the desolate southern Danakil Desert; » Harar’s old walled city the territory remains virtually unexplored since legendary (p 185 ) adventurer Wilfred Thesiger first thrilled the world with » Harar’s cultural guest- tales of the proud Afar. houses (p 190 ) » Koremi (p 193 ) When to Go » Dire Dawa’s markets (p 189 ) Harar °C/°F Te m p Rainfall inches/mm 30/86 6/150 Best of Nature 20/68 » Babille Elephant 4/100 Sanctuary (p 193 ) 10/50 2/50 » Hyena Feeding (p 189 ) 0/32 » Fantale Crater (p 176 ) -10/14 0 » Valley of Marvels (p 194 ) J FDAJJMAM OS N May-Sep Rainy Sep The seem- Nov-Jan Driest and hot season ingly barren months; best to sends lowland Asaita road is see elephants at temperatures up painted yellow by Babille and the to 45°C.
    [Show full text]
  • Afar: Insecurity and Delayed Rains Threaten Livestock and People
    EMERGENCIES UNIT FOR UNITED NATIONS ETHIOPIA (UN-EUE) Afar: insecurity and delayed rains threaten livestock and people Assessment Mission: 29 May – 8 June 2002 François Piguet, Field Officer, UN-Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia 1 Introduction and background 1.1 Animals are now dying The Objectives of the mission were to assess the situation in the Afar Region following recent clashes between Afar and Issa and Oromo pastoralists, and focus on security and livestock movement restrictions, wate r and environmental issues, the marketing of livestock as well as “chronic” humanitarian issues. Special attention has been given to all southern parts of Afar region affected by recent ethnic conflicts and erratic small rains, which initiated early pastoralists movements in zone 3 & 5. The assessment also took into account various food security issues, including milk availability while also looking at limited water resources in Eli Daar woreda (Zone 1), where particularly remote kebeles1 suffer from water shortage. High concentrations of animals have been noticed in several locations of Afar region during the current dry season. The most important reason for the present humanitarian emergency crisis in parts of Afar Region and surroundings are the various ethnic conflicts among the Issa, the Kereyu, the Afar and the Ittu. These Dead camel in Doho, Awash-Fantale (photo Francois Piguet conflicts forced pastoralists to change UN-EUE, July 2002 their usual migration patterns and most importantly were denied access to either traditional water points and wells or grazing areas or both together. On top of this rather complex and confuse conflict situation, rains have now been delayed by more than two weeks most likely all over Afar Region and is now causing livestock deaths.
    [Show full text]
  • Oromia Region Administrative Map(As of 27 March 2013)
    ETHIOPIA: Oromia Region Administrative Map (as of 27 March 2013) Amhara Gundo Meskel ! Amuru Dera Kelo ! Agemsa BENISHANGUL ! Jangir Ibantu ! ! Filikilik Hidabu GUMUZ Kiremu ! ! Wara AMHARA Haro ! Obera Jarte Gosha Dire ! ! Abote ! Tsiyon Jars!o ! Ejere Limu Ayana ! Kiremu Alibo ! Jardega Hose Tulu Miki Haro ! ! Kokofe Ababo Mana Mendi ! Gebre ! Gida ! Guracha ! ! Degem AFAR ! Gelila SomHbo oro Abay ! ! Sibu Kiltu Kewo Kere ! Biriti Degem DIRE DAWA Ayana ! ! Fiche Benguwa Chomen Dobi Abuna Ali ! K! ara ! Kuyu Debre Tsige ! Toba Guduru Dedu ! Doro ! ! Achane G/Be!ret Minare Debre ! Mendida Shambu Daleti ! Libanos Weberi Abe Chulute! Jemo ! Abichuna Kombolcha West Limu Hor!o ! Meta Yaya Gota Dongoro Kombolcha Ginde Kachisi Lefo ! Muke Turi Melka Chinaksen ! Gne'a ! N!ejo Fincha!-a Kembolcha R!obi ! Adda Gulele Rafu Jarso ! ! ! Wuchale ! Nopa ! Beret Mekoda Muger ! ! Wellega Nejo ! Goro Kulubi ! ! Funyan Debeka Boji Shikute Berga Jida ! Kombolcha Kober Guto Guduru ! !Duber Water Kersa Haro Jarso ! ! Debra ! ! Bira Gudetu ! Bila Seyo Chobi Kembibit Gutu Che!lenko ! ! Welenkombi Gorfo ! ! Begi Jarso Dirmeji Gida Bila Jimma ! Ketket Mulo ! Kersa Maya Bila Gola ! ! ! Sheno ! Kobo Alem Kondole ! ! Bicho ! Deder Gursum Muklemi Hena Sibu ! Chancho Wenoda ! Mieso Doba Kurfa Maya Beg!i Deboko ! Rare Mida ! Goja Shino Inchini Sululta Aleltu Babile Jimma Mulo ! Meta Guliso Golo Sire Hunde! Deder Chele ! Tobi Lalo ! Mekenejo Bitile ! Kegn Aleltu ! Tulo ! Harawacha ! ! ! ! Rob G! obu Genete ! Ifata Jeldu Lafto Girawa ! Gawo Inango ! Sendafa Mieso Hirna
    [Show full text]
  • ETHIOPIA Humanitarian Access Situation Report October - December 2019
    ETHIOPIA Humanitarian Access Situation Report October - December 2019 This report is produced by OCHA Ethiopia in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It covers the period October - December 2019. The next report will be issued on March 2020. OVERVIEW ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Key figures ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! • The operational environment to relief opera- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tigray ! ! ! ! ! Access incidents reported ! ! 259 ! ! ! ! ! ! Western ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! tions in Ethiopia remained permissive through ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1 Aid worker killed ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! North! Gondar ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! the reporting period. ! ! ! ! ! ! Aid workers injured ! ! ! ! ! ! 2 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Wag! Hamra ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Central Gondar ! Southern ! ! ! ! ! ! West Gondar ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Zone 4 (Fantana Rasu) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Afar ! ! ! ! ! North Wello! ! No. of incidents by woreda ! ! ! ! • Localized armed confrontations, ethnic vio- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! South Gondar ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Amhara ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! lence, intra-community/ clan tensions, and so- ! ! ! ! !
    [Show full text]
  • Periodic Monitoring Report Working 2016 Humanitarian Requirements Document – Ethiopia Group
    DRMTechnical Periodic Monitoring Report Working 2016 Humanitarian Requirements Document – Ethiopia Group Covering 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2016 Prepared by Clusters and NDRMC Introduction The El Niño global climactic event significantly affected the 2015 meher/summer rains on the heels of failed belg/ spring rains in 2015, driving food insecurity, malnutrition and serious water shortages in many parts of the country. The Government and humanitarian partners issued a joint 2016 Humanitarian Requirements Document (HRD) in December 2015 requesting US$1.4 billion to assist 10.2 million people with food, health and nutrition, water, agriculture, shelter and non-food items, protection and emergency education responses. Following the delay and erratic performance of the belg/spring rains in 2016, a Prioritization Statement was issued in May 2016 with updated humanitarian requirements in nutrition (MAM), agriculture, shelter and non-food items and education.The Mid-Year Review of the HRD identified 9.7 million beneficiaries and updated the funding requirements to $1.2 billion. The 2016 HRD is 69 per cent funded, with contributions of $1.08 billion from international donors and the Government of Ethiopia (including carry-over resources from 2015). Under the leadership of the Government of Ethiopia delivery of life-saving and life- sustaining humanitarian assistance continues across the sectors. However, effective humanitarian response was challenged by shortage of resources, limited logistical capacities and associated delays, and weak real-time information management. This Periodic Monitoring Report (PMR) provides a summary of the cluster financial inputs against outputs and achievements against cluster objectives using secured funding since the launch of the 2016 HRD.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia Administrative Map As of 2013
    (as of 27 March 2013) ETHIOPIA:Administrative Map R E Legend E R I T R E A North D Western \( Erob \ Tahtay Laelay National Capital Mereb Ahferom Gulomekeda Adiyabo Adiyabo Leke Central Ganta S Dalul P Afeshum Saesie Tahtay Laelay Adwa E P Tahtay Tsaedaemba Regional Capital Kafta Maychew Maychew Koraro Humera Asgede Werei Eastern A Leke Hawzen Tsimbila Medebay Koneba Zana Kelete Berahle Western Atsbi International Boundary Welkait Awelallo Naeder Tigray Wenberta Tselemti Adet Kola Degua Tsegede Temben Mekele Temben P Zone 2 Undetermined Boundary Addi Tselemt Tanqua Afdera Abergele Enderta Arekay Ab Ala Tsegede Beyeda Mirab Armacho Debark Hintalo Abergele Saharti Erebti Regional Boundary Wejirat Tach Samre Megale Bidu Armacho Dabat Janamora Alaje Lay Sahla Zonal Boundary Armacho Wegera Southern Ziquala Metema Sekota Endamehoni Raya S U D A N North Wag Azebo Chilga Yalo Amhara East Ofla Teru Woreda Boundary Gonder West Belesa Himra Kurri Gonder Dehana Dembia Belesa Zuria Gaz Alamata Zone 4 Quara Gibla Elidar Takusa I Libo Ebenat Gulina Lake Kemkem Bugna Kobo Awra Afar T Lake Tana Lasta Gidan (Ayna) Zone 1 0 50 100 200 km Alfa Ewa U Fogera North Farta Lay Semera ¹ Meket Guba Lafto Semen Gayint Wollo P O Dubti Jawi Achefer Bahir Dar East Tach Wadla Habru Chifra B G U L F O F A D E N Delanta Aysaita Creation date:27 Mar.2013 P Dera Esite Gayint I Debub Bahirdar Ambasel Dawunt Worebabu Map Doc Name:21_ADM_000_ETH_032713_A0 Achefer Zuria West Thehulederie J Dangura Simada Tenta Sources:CSA (2007 population census purpose) and Field Pawe Mecha
    [Show full text]
  • Geochemistry of Dofan-Fentale Geothermal Prospec
    GEOCHEMISTRY OF DOFAN-FENTALE GEOTHERMAL PROSPEC Geological Survey Of Ethiopia Hydrogeology Engineering geology and geothermal Department Asfaw Teclu P.O.Box 40069 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia a [email protected] Keywords: Ethiopia, Rift Valley, thermal waters, stable isotopes, water chemistry. ABSTRACT Dofan-Fantale geothermal prospect is one of the geothermal fields in Ethiopia that w recommended for further study by UNDP (1973). Currently detailed geological, geochemical a geophysical studies are going on. Dofan-Fantale area is located in the Southern Afar Region, Ethiopian Rift Valley, which is about 200km NE of the capital, Addis Ababa. Twenty-eight wa samples from thermal springs, boreholes, lakes, rivers, and dug wells were collected in the a under study. Water chemistry suggests the existence of NaHC03, CaRC03 and NalClRC03 wa types. The reservoir temperature as indicated from the geothermometry results of Rabilo spring (Sp-4) is close to -250°C. Water - mineral equilibria study has shown that most of t common geothermal minerals are over saturated at .... 100Co at atmospheric pressure. Howev they are found to be in equilibrium with the reservoir rock at a temperature of -250°C at dep The 02H versus 0180 plot has revealed .. 180 - shife of 1.4 %0 for Habilo thermal feature (Sp­ which might indicate higher water-rock interaction than the other hot springs. 1. INTRODUCTION The Dofan-Fantale geothermal prospect is located in the Ethiopian Rift Valley where the Rift starts funneling into the Afar triangle, which is in the north western part of the Southern Afar geothermal area, about 200 km to the north east of Addis Ababa (figure 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia Access Snapshot - Afar Region and Siti Zone, Somali Region As of 31 January 2020
    Ethiopia Access Snapshot - Afar region and Siti zone, Somali region As of 31 January 2020 Afar region is highly prone to natural disasters Afdera The operating environment is highly compromised, with a high such as droughts and seasonal flooding. Long-- risk for humanitarian operations of becoming politicized. In ErebtiDalol Zone 2 term historical grievances coupled with Bidu March 2019, four aid workers were detained by Afar authorities TIGRAY resource-based tensions between ethnic Afar for having allegedly entered the region illegally. They were KunnebaBerahile and its neighbors i.e. Issa (Somali), and Oromo Megale conducting a humanitarian activity in Sitti zone, and decided to Teru Ittu (Amibara woreda) and Karayu (Awash Fentale woreda) in ERITREA overnight in a village of Undufo kebele. In a separate incident, in Yalo AFAR Kurri Red Sea October 2019, an attack by unidentified armed men in Afambo zone 3, and in areas adjacent to Oromia special zone and Amhara- Afdera Robe Town Aso s a Ethnic Somali IDPZone 2016/2018 4 Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Elidar region, continue to cause casualties and forced displacement, Aba 'Ala woreda, Zone 1, near Djibouti, killed a number of civilians spark- Gulina Goba Town limiting partners’ movements and operations. Overall, Ethnican Oromia IDP 2016/2018 L. Afrera Ye'ch'ew ing outrage across the region and prompting peaceful demon- Awra estimated 50,000 people remain displaced, the majority of whom Erebti strations and temporarily road blockages of the Awash highway SNNP Zone 1 Bidu rely almost entirely on assistance provided by host communities. Semera TIGRAYEwa On the other hand, in 2019, the overflow of Awash River and DJIBOUTI Clashes involving Afar and Somali Issa clan continue along Megale Afele Kola flash floods displaced some 3,300 households across six Dubti boundary areas between Afar’s zone 1 and 3 and Sitti zone.
    [Show full text]