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An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti
Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DER GRADES DES DOKTORS DER PHILOSOPHIE DER UNIVERSTÄT HAMBURG VORGELEGT VON YASIN MOHAMMED YASIN from Assab, Ethiopia HAMBURG 2010 ii Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti by Yasin Mohammed Yasin Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR (POLITICAL SCIENCE) in the FACULITY OF BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES at the UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG Supervisors Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff HAMBURG 15 December 2010 iii Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my doctoral fathers Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit and Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff for their critical comments and kindly encouragement that made it possible for me to complete this PhD project. Particularly, Prof. Jakobeit’s invaluable assistance whenever I needed and his academic follow-up enabled me to carry out the work successfully. I therefore ask Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit to accept my sincere thanks. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Klaus Mummenhoff and the association, Verein zur Förderung äthiopischer Schüler und Studenten e. V., Osnabruck , for the enthusiastic morale and financial support offered to me in my stay in Hamburg as well as during routine travels between Addis and Hamburg. I also owe much to Dr. Wolbert Smidt for his friendly and academic guidance throughout the research and writing of this dissertation. Special thanks are reserved to the Department of Social Sciences at the University of Hamburg and the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) that provided me comfortable environment during my research work in Hamburg. -
Assessment and Prioritization of Major Camel Diseases in Selected Areas of Afar Regional State, Samara, Ethiopia
Middle East Journal of Applied Science & Technology (MEJAST) (Peer Reviewed International Journal) Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 23-32, January-March 2020 Assessment and Prioritization of Major Camel Diseases in Selected Areas of Afar Regional State, Samara, Ethiopia Wossene Negash1*, Nuru Seid1 & Fikru Gizaw1 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Samara University, P.O. Box, 132, Samara, Ethiopia. 1*Email: [email protected] Article Received: 11 December 2019 Article Accepted: 07 February 2020 Article Published: 17 March 2020 ABSTRACT A cross sectional study was carried out from January to July 2014 GC in an attempt to assess and prioritize major camel diseases and identify risk factors in the selected areas of Afar region. Camel owners’ interview and retrospective data analysis were the study methods employed. Relevant collected data were organized, filtered and fed into Microsoft Excel sheet and further analyzed using SPSS statistical tools at P< 0.05. Descriptive statistics was carried to determine frequencies of camel diseases camel. Based on descriptive statistics, the study identified and prioritized 16 camel diseases. Chi-Square analysis was computed to measure the degree of association between disease occurrence and risk factors (age, sex, study area and season). Binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyzes were computed at P<0.05 to measure the significance of associated risk factors on disease occurrence. Statistically significant variations (P<0.05) were observed for sex, seasons, age, and study sites on the occurrence of disease with exception kebeles (P>0.05). Though the study duly has revealed numerous diseases of the camel, the actual existence (laboratory based confirmation) and epidemiology of each disease still demands further investigative studies. -
Eastern Ethiopia
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Eastern Ethiopia Why Go? Debre Zeyit ....................174 Most of Eastern Ethiopia is a stark landscape of dust-stained Awash National Park .....176 acacia scrub and forgettable towns. But scattered around Awash to Asaita .............178 this cloak of the commonplace are gems of genuine ad- Asaita ............................ 180 venture. Undoubtedly, the east’s pièce de résistance is the walled city of Harar. There’s still a patina of myth about this Dire Dawa ......................181 ancient town, handed down from the days when its markets Around Dire Dawa ........ 184 served as the Horn’s commercial hub and attracted powerful Harar ............................. 184 merchants, artisans and Islamic scholars. The colonial-rural Around Harar.................193 melange that is the modern city of Dire Dawa delights in its Jijiga ............................. 194 own odd way, while nature lovers can get their kicks at Ba- bille Elephant Sanctuary and Awash National Park, where the volcanic landscape takes top billing over the wildlife. The truly intrepid can follow the seemingly endless ribbon Best of Culture of asphalt north to the desolate southern Danakil Desert; » Harar’s old walled city the territory remains virtually unexplored since legendary (p 185 ) adventurer Wilfred Thesiger first thrilled the world with » Harar’s cultural guest- tales of the proud Afar. houses (p 190 ) » Koremi (p 193 ) When to Go » Dire Dawa’s markets (p 189 ) Harar °C/°F Te m p Rainfall inches/mm 30/86 6/150 Best of Nature 20/68 » Babille Elephant 4/100 Sanctuary (p 193 ) 10/50 2/50 » Hyena Feeding (p 189 ) 0/32 » Fantale Crater (p 176 ) -10/14 0 » Valley of Marvels (p 194 ) J FDAJJMAM OS N May-Sep Rainy Sep The seem- Nov-Jan Driest and hot season ingly barren months; best to sends lowland Asaita road is see elephants at temperatures up painted yellow by Babille and the to 45°C. -
European Academic Research, Vol III, Issue 3, June 2015 Murty, M
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. III, Issue 10/ January 2016 Impact Factor: 3.4546 (UIF) ISSN 2286-4822 DRJI Value: 5.9 (B+) www.euacademic.org An Economic Analysis of Djibouti - Ethiopia Railway Project Dr. DIPTI RANJAN MOHAPATRA Associate Professor (Economics) School of Business and Economics Madawalabu University Bale Robe, Ethiopia Abstract: Djibouti – Ethiopia railway project is envisaged as a major export and import connection linking land locked Ethiopia with Djibouti Port in the Red Sea’s international shipping routes. The rail link is of utter significance both to Ethiopia and to Djibouti, as it would not only renovate this tiny African nation into a multimodal transport hub but also will provide competitive advantage over other regional ports. The pre-feasibility study conducted in 2007 emphasized the importance of the renovation of the project from economic and financial angle. However, as a part of GTP of Ethiopia this project has been restored with Chinese intervention. The operation expected in 2016. The proposed project is likely to provide multiple benefits such as time saving, reduction in road maintenance costs, fuel savings, employment generation, reduction in pollution, foreign exchange earnings and revenue generation. These benefits will accrue to government, passengers, general public and to society in nutshell. Here an economic analysis has been carried out to evaluate certain benefits that the project will realize against the cost streams in 25 years. The NPV of the cost streams @ 12% calculated to be 6831.30 million US$. The economic internal rate of return of investments will be 18.90 percent. Key words: EIRR, NPV, economic viability, sensitivity analysis JEL Classification: D6, R4, R42 11376 Dipti Ranjan Mohapatra- An Economic Analysis of Djibouti - Ethiopia Railway Project 1.0 INTRODUCTION: The Djibouti-Ethiopia Railway (Chemin de Fer Djibouti- Ethiopien, or CDE) Project is 784 km railway running from Djibouti to Addis Ababa via Dire Dawa. -
World Bank Document
Sample Procurement Plan I. General Public Disclosure Authorized 1. Bank’s approval Date of the procurement Plan [This is the first procurement plan) 2. Date of General Procurement Notice: April 25, 2017 3. Period covered by this procurement plan: September 2016 to June 2017 II. Goods and Works and non-consulting services. 1. Prior Review Threshold: Procurement Decisions subject to Prior Review by the Bank as stated in Appendix 1 to the Guidelines for Procurement: [Thresholds for applicable procurement methods (not limited to the list below) will be determined by the Procurement Specialist /Procurement Public Disclosure Authorized Accredited Staff based on the assessment of the implementing agency’s capacity.] Procurement Method Prior Review Comments Threshold US$ 1. ICB and LIB (Goods) Above US$ 1,500,000 All 2. NCB (Goods) NA 3. ICB (Works) Above US$ 7 million All 4. NCB (Works) NA 5. ICB and LIB (Non-Consultant Above US$ 1,500,000 All Services) 6 NCB (Non-Consultant Services) NA Public Disclosure Authorized [Add other methods if necessary] 2. Prequalification. Bidders for _Not applicable_ shall be prequalified in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 2.9 and 2.10 of the Guidelines. 3. Proposed Procedures for CDD Components (as per paragraph. 3.17 of the Guidelines: [CDD project implementation Manual to be issued by DRDIP PIU, MoANR for Bank approval) 4. Reference to (if any) Project Operational/Procurement Manual: DRDIP Procurement Manual to be issued by DRDIP PIU. Public Disclosure Authorized 5. Any Other Special Procurement Arrangements: NA 6. Summary of the Procurement Packages planned during the first 18 months after project effectiveness ( including those that are subject to retroactive July 9, 2010 financing and advanced procurement) [List the Packages which require Bank’s prior review first and then the other packages] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ref. -
SOMALIA ! Warabeye ! Daba Dan Gorayale Gorayo ! SOOL !
! ! ! ! ! ! Tinishu Aossab! ! ! Dabu (!h ! As Saymar Assab Al Mansurah ! YE! MEN ! ho! Deba-Sima (!!! ! Mayyun Kharaz Falaise ! Aden S O M A L I A ERITRE! A Access Constraints as of 14 March 2016 f ! Diyoyta Alaili h Dadda` Dorra ! Elda ar ! Serdo ! Deda'i ! ! Bereeda ! Semera Obock ! Tadjoura Dubti Galafi ! ! ! Asaita ! Djibouti !h o ! \! Qandala `Arta Loyada ! (!o !! Goubetto ! Lawyacado ! Holhol Bargaal Las !h! ! Khorey o Dikhil !! 'Ali ! Bosaso ! La Fole Sabieh ! Badhan Lughaye ! Ceel ! Doofaar ! Ceerigaabo ! Hurdiyo o Laaso ! AWDAL Dawaco o ! !h!! Berbera BARI ! o Xaafuun Ceelbuh Iskushuban ! SANAAG ! o Ceel Afweyn Duud ! Baki ! Hooyo o ! ! Derwernache !(!Borama WOQOOYI ! Guud Cad Dilla ! Scenele Kalabaydh Arabsiyo ! ! ! GALBEED Dire Dawa Awubere !! Melka Jebdu ! ! ! ! Ortu Hargeysa ! Gerbe o! Ware Roble ! Burao o (!! Togoch'ale Qardho Bandarbeyla Afdem Felema Hale ! ! ! ! ! ! o Dengego o Oodweyne o (! ! Jigjiga Wera Deder Hundulli ! ! Bejiro ! ! Harar ! ! K'ile ! Bab! ile! Gorey Hartishek Bombas ! Gumer TOGDHEER ! ! Aran ! Areh ! SOMALIA ! Warabeye ! Daba Dan Gorayale Gorayo ! SOOL ! Durruqsi ! o!Laascaanood !oGaroowe Serer Aware ! Deror Wein Degehabur ! ! ! NUGAAL ! Fik Degah Xas Medo Eyl ! Bahale o ! ! Domo ! Cabahot Beridaleh ! ! Haro Segeg Mersin Ungisa ! ! Galgalo ! Geldegob Magarauein ! ! (! Beledweyne (! Megwin ! ! Dauali Warder ! ! Geladi ! Garacad ETHIOPIA o Dudub ! ! (! Kebri Gaalkacyo (! Dehar ! ! o Dagaari HIRAAN ! Denan ! Imei ! MUDUG ! ! Gellinsoor Imi ! !Buulobarde Borgianil (!(! ! o Caabudwaaq Cadaado BAKOOL Shilabo -
Market Chain Analysis of Live Goats Asaita District, Afar Regional State, Ethiopia
Market chain analysis of live goats Asaita District, Afar Regional State, Ethiopia Gebremariam Gebrezgabher Gebremedhin and Yemiru Tesfaye Country Report Drylands and pastoralism Keywords: April 2015 Drylands, pastoralism, economic resilience About the authors Partner organisations Gebremariam Gebrezgabher Gebremedhin, Masters’ degree IIED is a policy and action research organisation. We promote candidate, School of Natural Resources and Environmental sustainable development to improve livelihoods and protect Studies, Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural the environments on which these livelihoods are built. We Resources, Hawassa University, Wondogenet, Ethiopia specialise in linking local priorities to global challenges. IIED Contact email: [email protected] is based in London and works in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and the Pacific, with some of the world’s most Yemiru Tesfaye is an assistant professor at Wondo Genet vulnerable people. We work with them to strengthen their voice College of Forestry and Natural Resources in Hawassa in the decision-making arenas that affect them — from village University, Ethiopia. He got his Masters and PhD degrees councils to international conventions. in forest management from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. He has been teaching courses on The Feinstein International Center of the Tufts University ‘Forest Management’, ‘Forest Economics’, and ‘Research Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Methods and Scientific Writing’. His research interests include Science and Policy develop and promote operational and ‘Forest Management, Forest Economics, Participatory forest policy responses to protect and strengthen the lives and management and local livelihoods’. livelihoods of people living in crisis-affected and marginalized communities who are impacted by violence, malnutrition, loss Produced by IIED’s Climate Change of assets or forced migration. -
World Bank Document
PA)Q"bP Q9d9T rlPhGllPC LT.CIILh THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA Ph,$F&,P f1~77Pq ).rlnPQnlI (*) ETHIOPIAN ROADS AUTHORITY w Port Otflce Box 1770 Addlr Ababa Ethlopla ra* ~3 ~TC1770 nRn nnrl rtms Cable Addreu Hlghways Addlr Ababa P.BL'ICP ill~~1ill,& aa~t+mn nnrl Public Disclosure Authorized Telex 21issO Tel. No. 551-71-70/79 t&hl 211860 PlOh *'PC 551-71-70179 4hb 251-11-5514865 Fax 251-11-551 866 %'PC Ref. No. MI 123 9 A 3 - By- " - Ato Negede Lewi Senior Transport Specialist World Bank Country Office Addis Ababa Ethiopia Public Disclosure Authorized Subject: APL 111 - Submission of ElA Reports Dear Ato Negede, As per the provisions of the timeframe set for the pre - appraisal and appraisal of the APL Ill Projects, namely: Public Disclosure Authorized 1. Aposto - Wendo - Negelle, 2. Gedo - Nekemte, 3. Gondar - Debark, and 4. Yalo - Dallol, we are hereby submitting, in both hard and soft copies, the final EIA Reports of the Projects, for your information and consumption, addressing / incorporating the comments received at different stages from the Bank. Public Disclosure Authorized SincP ly, zAhWOLDE GEBRIEl, @' Elh ,pion Roods Authority LJirecror General FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ETHIOPIAN ROADS AUTHORITY E1546 v 4 N Y# Dalol W E Y# Kuneba Y# CONSULTANCYBerahile SERVICES S F OR FOR Ab-Ala Y# FEASIBILITY STUDY Y# ENVIRONMENTALAfdera IMPACT ASSESSMENT Megale Y# Y# Didigsala AND DETAILEDYalo ENGINEERING DESIGN Y# Y# Manda Y# Sulula Y# Awra AND Y# Serdo Y# TENDEREwa DOCUMENT PREPARATIONY# Y# Y# Loqiya Hayu Deday -
World Bank Document
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized TABLE OF CONTENT Pages Abbreviations and Acronyms ................................................................................................. iv Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. 1 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Background and Context ............................................................................................. 10 1.2 Objectives of Social Assessment .................................................................................. 11 1.3 Scope of the Social Assessment ................................................................................... 12 1.4 Methodology of Social Assessment ............................................................................. 12 1.4.1 Study Approach ......................................................................................................... 12 1.4.2 Data Collection Methods and Tools ......................................................................... 13 1.4.2.1 Data Collection Methods .................................................................................. 13 1.4.2.1.1 Secondary Data Collection Methods ...................................................... 13 1.4.2.1.2 Primary Data Collection Methods ........................................................ -
E T H IO P IA , T Ig R a Y R E G Io N
35°0'0"E 36°0'0"E 37°0'0"E 38°0'0"E 39°0'0"EDek'emhare 40°0'0"E 41°0'0"E 42°0'0"E 43°0'0"E N " 0 Girba ' 0 Segheneyti ° 5 Khashm al Qirbah 1 Areza Mendefera Adi Keyh Shagarab-I ERITREA Hodeidah 1 Gwelej n Shagarab-II Shire: 2 Sen`afe 2 560 m Adi-Quala Shagarab-III 0 o Um Gargour 2 i Abiy Addi e g Shuwak n Abuda YEMEN u Adigrat e Humera J Shimelba Al Faw Adwa R , mShire Aksum Hitsats ! g N Al Qadarif " 0 Inda ' 0 n ° Silase 4 1 i y Edd Berahle n a Tunaydbah Wik'ro n TIGRAY r a Mai Aini l g P Adi Harush Um Rakuba Dansheha m i l ! Mekele a Al Hawatah T Soroca n Abala Village Mokha o Erebti i SUDAN , t Afdera Debark' a A r 2 N Tinishu Assab " 0 I Mekele: 1,600 m ' e Gallabat/Metemma 0 ° 3 1 p Assab P O Maych'ew Gondar: O 2 2,400 m I Sek'ot'a Aykel !mGondar H Korem Teru AFAR Alamata Town T Alamata E AMHARA Kobo Adis Zemen N Lalibela " 0 ' 0 Obock ° 2 Werota 1 Semera: Ar Ruseris Debre Tabor 2 Weldiya 640 m Kormuk/Kurmuk mSemera Galafi DJIBOUTI Tadjoura Ad-Damazin Nefas Mewch'a ! Dubti Mersa Mekane Iyesus Chefera Aysaita Djibouti Bahir Dar Asaita `Arta Mer'awi T'is Isat Dangila Adet Bati 'Ali Sabieh Dessie Kombolcha Dikhil m Dewele Mot'a N " ! 0 Injibara ' 0 ° 1 Chagne 1 Mekane Selam Finote Selam Kemise Kurmuk BENESHANGUL Kombolcha: SOMALIA GUMU Bichena 640 m 2 Sherkole Debre Mark'os Tsore SOMALI Asosa N " 0 ' Abomsa 0 ° 0 Borama 1 Derwernache Bambasi Gebre Guracha Fiche Mendi Aw-barre Debre Birhan Sheder Awubere Togoch'ale Gure-Shombola Shambu Dire Dawa Main Road Surface waterbody Partner Presence Gebiley g Border Cross Closed m Logistics Cluster -
Local History of Ethiopia : Dil Amba
Local History of Ethiopia Dil Amba - Djibiet © Bernhard Lindahl (2005) dil (A) 1. victory; 2. white spot being an early sign of leprosy; diil (Som) long animal track; dhiil (Som) milk-vessel of fibre; dil amba (A) victory mountain HDL80 Dil Amba 09°42'/38°26' 2579 m 09/38 [AA Gz] see under Gebre Guracha HET40 Dil Yibza (Dil Yibsa, Dilbiza) 13/38 [Gz] 13°07'/38°27' 3053 m HCK09 Dila, see Dilla HCS74 Dila (church) 07/37 [WO] HCS85 Dila (mountain) 07/37 [WO] HDG37 Dila 09°24'/35°29' 1610 m 09/35 [Gz] JCC45 Dila, see Bila dilala: diilalla, dilalla-a (O) cold HD... Dilala (Dilela) same as HDD74 Dilela? 08/37? [Po Ad x] (with sub P.O. under A.Abeba) The primary school (in Chebo & Gurage awraja) in 1968 had 341 boys and 21 girls in grades 1-4, with three teachers. An elementary school building constructed of concrete elements and with Swedish assistance through ESBU was completed around 1970. [SIDA 1971] HEK01 Dilala 11°50'/37°41' 1874 m 11/37 [Gz] HDB87 Dilamo 08°57'/36°21' 1624 m 08/36 [Gz] HDL67 Dilamo, see under Webera 09/39 [WO] HFE06 Dilarye (mountain) 13°36'/39°01' 2463 m 13/39 [Gz] dilb (A) 1. stored grain; 2. treasure; 3. large and fat ox HEE99c Dilb (village) 11/39 [Ca] A group of huts 43 km from Weldiya at the "Chinese road" a little before the real high plateau. From there a very stony road branches off to the north towards Genete Maryam and Lalibela. -
Market Analysis and Transportation Procurement for Food Aid in Ethiopia
________________________________ Market Analysis and Transportation Procurement for Food Aid in Ethiopia Marie-Ève Rancourt François Bellavance Jarrod Goentzel May 2013 CIRRELT-2013-30 Bureaux de Montréal : Bureaux de Québec : Université de Montréal Université Laval C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville 2325, de la Terrasse, bureau 2642 Montréal (Québec) Québec (Québec) Canada H3C 3J7 Canada G1VG1V 0A6 0A6 Téléphone : 514 343-7575 Téléphone : 418 656-2073 Télécopie : 514 343-7121 Télécopie : 418 656-2624 www.cirrelt.ca Market Analysis and Transportation Procurement for Food Aid in Ethiopia Marie-Ève Rancourt1,2,*, François Bellavance1,3, Jarrod Goentzel4 1 Interuniversity Research Centre on Enterprise Networks, Logistics and Transportation (CIRRELT) 2 Department of Management and Technology, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Canada H3C 3P8 3 Department of Management Sciences, HEC Montréal, 3000 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, Canada H3T 2A7 4 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Center for Transportation & Logistics, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, United-States 02139 Abstract. To transport food aid, the World Food Programme (WFP) primarily contracts with third-party transport carriers in markets that are not well understood. We analyze historical contracts between the WFP in Ethiopia and private carriers using multiple linear regression to gain insights in these markets. Analyses of bids and contracts in Ethiopia show that distance alone explains less than 20% of the variability in effective transportation tariffs. By incorporating additional variables for linehaul costs, market structure measures and socio- economics factors, we obtain a model that explains more than 84% of the variability for the international corridors and 78% for the domestic lanes.