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Assessment and Prioritization of Major Camel Diseases in Selected Areas of Afar Regional State, Samara, Ethiopia
Middle East Journal of Applied Science & Technology (MEJAST) (Peer Reviewed International Journal) Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 23-32, January-March 2020 Assessment and Prioritization of Major Camel Diseases in Selected Areas of Afar Regional State, Samara, Ethiopia Wossene Negash1*, Nuru Seid1 & Fikru Gizaw1 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Samara University, P.O. Box, 132, Samara, Ethiopia. 1*Email: [email protected] Article Received: 11 December 2019 Article Accepted: 07 February 2020 Article Published: 17 March 2020 ABSTRACT A cross sectional study was carried out from January to July 2014 GC in an attempt to assess and prioritize major camel diseases and identify risk factors in the selected areas of Afar region. Camel owners’ interview and retrospective data analysis were the study methods employed. Relevant collected data were organized, filtered and fed into Microsoft Excel sheet and further analyzed using SPSS statistical tools at P< 0.05. Descriptive statistics was carried to determine frequencies of camel diseases camel. Based on descriptive statistics, the study identified and prioritized 16 camel diseases. Chi-Square analysis was computed to measure the degree of association between disease occurrence and risk factors (age, sex, study area and season). Binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyzes were computed at P<0.05 to measure the significance of associated risk factors on disease occurrence. Statistically significant variations (P<0.05) were observed for sex, seasons, age, and study sites on the occurrence of disease with exception kebeles (P>0.05). Though the study duly has revealed numerous diseases of the camel, the actual existence (laboratory based confirmation) and epidemiology of each disease still demands further investigative studies. -
Briefing Paper
NEW ISSUES IN REFUGEE RESEARCH Working Paper No. 65 Pastoral society and transnational refugees: population movements in Somaliland and eastern Ethiopia 1988 - 2000 Guido Ambroso UNHCR Brussels E-mail : [email protected] August 2002 Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees CP 2500, 1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] Web Site: www.unhcr.org These working papers provide a means for UNHCR staff, consultants, interns and associates to publish the preliminary results of their research on refugee-related issues. The papers do not represent the official views of UNHCR. They are also available online under ‘publications’ at <www.unhcr.org>. ISSN 1020-7473 Introduction The classical definition of refugee contained in the 1951 Refugee Convention was ill- suited to the majority of African refugees, who started fleeing in large numbers in the 1960s and 1970s. These refugees were by and large not the victims of state persecution, but of civil wars and the collapse of law and order. Hence the 1969 OAU Refugee Convention expanded the definition of “refugee” to include these reasons for flight. Furthermore, the refugee-dissidents of the 1950s fled mainly as individuals or in small family groups and underwent individual refugee status determination: in-depth interviews to determine their eligibility to refugee status according to the criteria set out in the Convention. The mass refugee movements that took place in Africa made this approach impractical. As a result, refugee status was granted on a prima facie basis, that is with only a very summary interview or often simply with registration - in its most basic form just the name of the head of family and the family size.1 In the Somali context the implementation of this approach has proved problematic. -
519 Ethiopia Report With
Minority Rights Group International R E P O R Ethiopia: A New Start? T • ETHIOPIA: A NEW START? AN MRG INTERNATIONAL REPORT AN MRG INTERNATIONAL BY KJETIL TRONVOLL ETHIOPIA: A NEW START? Acknowledgements Minority Rights Group International (MRG) gratefully © Minority Rights Group 2000 acknowledges the support of Bilance, Community Aid All rights reserved Abroad, Dan Church Aid, Government of Norway, ICCO Material from this publication may be reproduced for teaching or other non- and all other organizations and individuals who gave commercial purposes. No part of it may be reproduced in any form for com- financial and other assistance for this Report. mercial purposes without the prior express permission of the copyright holders. For further information please contact MRG. This Report has been commissioned and is published by A CIP catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library. MRG as a contribution to public understanding of the ISBN 1 897 693 33 8 issue which forms its subject. The text and views of the ISSN 0305 6252 author do not necessarily represent, in every detail and in Published April 2000 all its aspects, the collective view of MRG. Typset by Texture Printed in the UK on bleach-free paper. MRG is grateful to all the staff and independent expert readers who contributed to this Report, in particular Tadesse Tafesse (Programme Coordinator) and Katrina Payne (Reports Editor). THE AUTHOR KJETIL TRONVOLL is a Research Fellow and Horn of Ethiopian elections for the Constituent Assembly in 1994, Africa Programme Director at the Norwegian Institute of and the Federal and Regional Assemblies in 1995. -
Somalia Energy Sector Needs Assessment and Investment Programme November 2015 Somalia - Energy Sector Needs Assessment and Investment Programme
Somalia Energy Sector Needs Assessment and Investment Programme November 2015 Somalia - Energy Sector Needs Assessment and Investment Programme Copyright © 2015 African Development Bank Group Immeuble du Centre de commerce International d’Abidjan CCIA Avenue Jean-Paul II 01 BP 1387 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire Phone (Standard): +225 20 26 10 20 Internet: www.afdb.org Rights and Permissions All rights reserved. The text and data in this publication may be reproduced as long as the source is cited. Reproduction for commercial purposes is forbidden. Legal Disclaimer The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this report are those of the author/s and are not necessarily those of the African Development Bank. In the preparation of this document, every effort has been made to offer the most current, correct and clearly expressed information possible. Nonetheless, inadvertent errors can occur, and appli - cable laws, rules and regulations may change. The African Development Bank makes its documentation available wi - thout warranty of any kind and accepts no responsibility for its accuracy or for any consequences of its use. Cover design: AfDB Cover photos: Image © AU-UN IST PHOTO/Ilyas A. Abukar; Image © NIGEL CARR ii Somalia - Energy Sector Needs Assessment and Investment Programme Table of contents Foreword v Ackonwledgements vii Abbreviations and acronyms ix Executive summary xi 1. Introduction and background 1 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. Objectives/scope 3 1.3. Brief description of the current energy sector 3 1.4. Sector organisation and policies 4 1.5. Reliance on the private sector 5 1.6. Four main issues facing Somalia’s energy sector 6 2. -
Vegetable Trade Between Self-Governance and Ethnic Entitlement in Jigjiga, Ethiopia
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Gebresenbet, Fana Working Paper Perishable state-making: Vegetable trade between self-governance and ethnic entitlement in Jigjiga, Ethiopia DIIS Working Paper, No. 2018:1 Provided in Cooperation with: Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS), Copenhagen Suggested Citation: Gebresenbet, Fana (2018) : Perishable state-making: Vegetable trade between self-governance and ethnic entitlement in Jigjiga, Ethiopia, DIIS Working Paper, No. 2018:1, ISBN 978-87-7605-911-8, Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS), Copenhagen This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/179454 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under -
Eastern Ethiopia
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Eastern Ethiopia Why Go? Debre Zeyit ....................174 Most of Eastern Ethiopia is a stark landscape of dust-stained Awash National Park .....176 acacia scrub and forgettable towns. But scattered around Awash to Asaita .............178 this cloak of the commonplace are gems of genuine ad- Asaita ............................ 180 venture. Undoubtedly, the east’s pièce de résistance is the walled city of Harar. There’s still a patina of myth about this Dire Dawa ......................181 ancient town, handed down from the days when its markets Around Dire Dawa ........ 184 served as the Horn’s commercial hub and attracted powerful Harar ............................. 184 merchants, artisans and Islamic scholars. The colonial-rural Around Harar.................193 melange that is the modern city of Dire Dawa delights in its Jijiga ............................. 194 own odd way, while nature lovers can get their kicks at Ba- bille Elephant Sanctuary and Awash National Park, where the volcanic landscape takes top billing over the wildlife. The truly intrepid can follow the seemingly endless ribbon Best of Culture of asphalt north to the desolate southern Danakil Desert; » Harar’s old walled city the territory remains virtually unexplored since legendary (p 185 ) adventurer Wilfred Thesiger first thrilled the world with » Harar’s cultural guest- tales of the proud Afar. houses (p 190 ) » Koremi (p 193 ) When to Go » Dire Dawa’s markets (p 189 ) Harar °C/°F Te m p Rainfall inches/mm 30/86 6/150 Best of Nature 20/68 » Babille Elephant 4/100 Sanctuary (p 193 ) 10/50 2/50 » Hyena Feeding (p 189 ) 0/32 » Fantale Crater (p 176 ) -10/14 0 » Valley of Marvels (p 194 ) J FDAJJMAM OS N May-Sep Rainy Sep The seem- Nov-Jan Driest and hot season ingly barren months; best to sends lowland Asaita road is see elephants at temperatures up painted yellow by Babille and the to 45°C. -
Tahir, Abdifatah I.Pdf
A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details URBAN GOVERNANCE, LAND CONFLICTS AND SEGREGATION IN HARGEISA, SOMALILAND: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES AND CONTEMPORARY DYNAMICS ABDIFATAH I TAHIR This thesis is submitted to the Department of Geography, School of Global Studies, University of Sussex, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) OCTOBER 1, 2016 DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY SCHOOL OF GLOBAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX 1 | Page ORIGINALITY STATEMENT I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be submitted in whole or in part to another University for the award of any other degree. Signature 2 | Page I. ABSTRACT This thesis offers an explanation for why urban settlement in Somaliland’s capital city of Hargeisa is segregated along clan lines. The topic of urban segregation has been neglected in both classic Somali studies, and recent studies of post-war state-building and governance in Somaliland. Such negligence of urban governance in debates over state-making stems from a predominant focus on national and regional levels, which overlooks the institutions governing cities. -
Horn of Africa Crisis Situation Report No
Horn of Africa Crisis Situation Report No. 28 23 December 2011 This report is produced by OCHA Eastern Africa in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It is issued by OCHA in New York. It covers the period from 16 to 23 December. The next report will be issued on 30 December. I. HIGHLIGHTS/KEY PRIORITIES • Tensions remain high in North Eastern Province of Kenya following a series of explosive attacks targeting military and police convoys in the area. • Aid workers have further reduced operations in the Dadaab refugee camps following heightened insecurity. • WHO has called on health partners to intensify cholera preventative activities in Mogadishu following an increase in cases. II. Situation Overview While drought conditions have eased in many locations due to the recent rains, drought conditions are expected to worsen in parts of the Horn of Africa in the coming months as the dry season sets in. A new food security analysis of the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) system in Djibouti has indicated that the food security situation in Obock Region has deteriorated from ‘Stressed’ (IPC Phase 2) to ‘Crisis’ (IPC Phase 3).Deterioration in food security conditions is now likely in coastal and southeast areas as well. In Ethiopia, even as the seasonal deyr (October-December) rains continue in most lowland areas of southern and south-eastern Ethiopia, drought conditions are expected to worsen in the northernmost parts of the Afar Region and parts of northern Somali Region in the coming month. On the other hand, drought conditions in the northern, north-eastern and southern parts of Kenya have significantly eased following good rainfall received in the October-December short rains season.In Somalia, while the deyr rains have subsided in many parts of Lower and Middle Juba regions, flooding continues to affect many settlements in Middle Juba. -
2010 by Bram Piot
Birding in and around Hargeisa, Somaliland, December 2010 by Bram Piot From December 10 to 17 I stayed in Hargeisa for my work with PSI, a public health NGO that recently established an office in Somaliland. For Saturday 11th I had organised a day out birding with Abdi Jama from NatureSomaliland, who had also guided three groups earlier this year – the first commercial birding tours to visit Somaliland. Our day trip took us east of Hargeisa through thorn bush, acacia woodland, rocky plains and wadis all the way to the vast Tuuyo plain (see map 1). Several very productive stops were made along the first 20 kilometers of the trip; Tuuyo plain was explored in the early afternoon so the birds there was not very active – e.g. none of the larks were singing, but this may also be because it is non-breeding season for most species. Our late lunch stop to the north of Shaarub village proved to be a good spot, but a long drive back to Hargeisa prevented us from fully exploring this area or the plains that we crossed further to the north (Qoryale for example looked pretty good). On hindsight, it probably would have been more efficient (less driving, more birding!) to drive back the way we came, rather than doing the long loop towards the Hargeisa-Berbera tarmac road. Total trip distance was about 280 km. Nearly 100 species were recorded during this day trip, with personal highlights including 3 species of Bustard (Little Brown, Heuglin’s, Buff-crested), several confiding Somali and Double- banded Coursers, a Greyish Eagle-Owl, 6 lark species including the endemic Lesser Hoopoe and Sharpe’s Larks, an Arabian Warbler, several Golden-breasted Starlings, a Three-streaked Tchagra, Rosy-patched Bush-shrikes, Somali Wheatears, Somali Bee-eaters, a group of Scaly Chatterers, etc. -
Emergency Drought Response Project in Gode, Adadle, Kelafo and Mustahil Woredas of Gode Zone, Somali Region
Final Project Evaluation Emergency Drought Response Project in Gode, Adadle, Kelafo and Mustahil Woredas of Gode Zone, Somali Region Participatory Research and Evaluation Consultancy (PRE) August 2012 Content SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................IV 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 CONTEXT OF THE PROJECT INTERVENTION AREA ......................................................... 1 1.2 BACKGROUND TO SC UK’ S EMERGENCY DROUGHT RESPONSE ........................................ 2 2. THE FINAL EVALUATION ........................................................................................ 4 2.1 SCOPE OF THE EVALUATION .................................................................................. 4 2.2 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................. 4 2.2.1 Overall approach......................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 Desk review................................................................................................ 5 2.2.3 Field assessment......................................................................................... 5 2.2.4 Data collection and analysis ......................................................................... 9 3. EVALUATION FINDINGS ........................................................................................ -
Volume 21 1994 Issue 59
Review of African Political Economy No.59:3-6 © ROAPE Publications Ltd., 1994 ISSN 0305-6244; RIX#5901 Transition and Transformation in Africa Anita Franklin & Roy Love On the eve of the first non-racial elections in South Africa the continent seems poised on the edge of a new political era. For many in Africa and elsewhere the April elections will be reminiscent of the heady days of the 1960s when decolonialisation and political sovereignty seemed synonymous with freedom and development. Three decades later, the euphoria has gone, Africa remains trapped in a web of underdevelopment. Nonetheless there is a a tendency to view South Africa, and this dramatic- moment in its history as exceptional and therefore infuse its future with all the hopes and broken promises of the region, and indeed the continent. South Africa's importance as an industrial centre is rivalled only by the symbolic power of black South African freedom. Events can move quickly however, and whatever one says about South Africa at a given time may rapidly become outdated. Nevertheless, we know that the new South Africa will need to cope with intransigent national, regional and international isues. The very nature of the transition to a post-apartheid state is being shaped by these concerns. Meanwhile, the redistribution of resources like land loom large on the horizon as does the danger of civil war from non- participating or otherwise disruptive groups on the right and in KwaZulu and Bophuthatswana. And what of the military, the police and their rehabilitation? How does a nation come to grips with the crimes of the past when so many of the protagonists are still in powerful positions? To tackle the massive legacy of unemployment, South Africa will be shaping its relations with its neighbours for decades to come.