DOCSLIB.ORG

ZEYLANICA a Study of the Peoples and Languages of Sri Lanka

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ZEYLANICA a Study of the Peoples and Languages of Sri Lanka ZEYLANICA A Study of the Peoples and Languages of Sri Lanka Asiff Hussein Second Edition: September 2014 ZEYLANICA. A Study of the Peoples and Languages of Sri Lanka ISBN 978-955-0028-04-7 © Asiff Hussein Printed by: Printel (Pvt) Ltd 21/11, 4 th Lane, Araliya Uyana Depanama, Pannipitiya Published by: Neptune Publications CONTENTS Chapter 1 Legendary peoples of Lanka Chapter 2 The Veddas, the aboriginal inhabitants of Lanka and their speech Chapter 3 The Origins of the Sinhalese nation and the Sinhala language Chapter 4 The Origins of the Sri Lankan Tamils and the Tamil language Chapter 5 The Sri Lankan Moors and their language Chapter 6 The Malays of Sri Lanka and the local Malay language Chapter 7 The Memons, a people of North Indian origin and their language Chapter 8 Peoples of European origin. The Portuguese and Dutch Burghers Chapter 9 The Kaffirs. A people of African origin Chapter 10 The Ahikuntaka. The Gypsies of Sri Lanka INTRODUCTORY NOTE The system of transliteration employed in the text, save for citations, is the standard method. Thus dots below letters represent retroflex sounds which are pronounced with the tip of the tongue striking the roof of the mouth further back than for dental sounds which are articulated by placing the tip of the tongue against the upper front teeth. Among the other sounds transliterated here c represents the voiceless palato-alveolar affricate (as sounded in the English church ) and ś the palatal sibilant (as sounded in English sh ow ). The lingual which will be found occurring in Sanskrit words is similar in pronunciation to the palatal . The anusvara is represented by , the velar nasal by and the palatal nasal by ñ as per the accepted method. Macrons placed over vowels represent long vowels. It is however thought unnecessary to so denote the long values of the e and o of Sanskrit, Pali, Prakrit and the Modern Indo-Aryan Vernaculars of India in keeping with established practice. The short e and o does not seem to have existed in Sanskrit and does not, strictly speaking, exist in the Indian MIAVs. The e and o of Pali is of variable length-long before single consonants or at the end of a word and short before double consonants or consonant clusters. The initial c occurring in certain Tamil words cited from various authorities may however not necessarily reflect the actual pronunciation, but rather be pronounced as or even s. Similarly, intervocalic t given by these authorities is pronounced as d and intervocalic k as g or a guttural h. This however may not apply to the older works such as those of the Sangam age which were probably written in the forms that faithfully represented the actual pronunciation at the time. Geographical references to India refer to the historical India including those parts of the subcontinent today known as Pakistan and Bangladesh and may not necessarily be restricted to the region encompassed by the modern-day Indian Republic. ABBREVIATIONS (GENERAL, LANGUAGES, LITERATURE AND EPIGRAPHS) GENERAL A.C. – After Christ A.H. – After Hijrat B.C. – Before Christ C. - Circa, around Cf.- Confer, compare Cl.- Classical Coll.- Colloquial Ed.-Edited e.g.- exempli gratia, for example fem.-feminine fr.- from ibid.-ibidem,in the same place i.e.-id est, that is lit.-literally pl.-plural pr.-probably sg.-singular * - hypothetical > - becomes < - is derived from LANGUAGES Alb – Albanian AMg.-Ardha-Magadhi AS- Anglo-Saxon Ar.-Arabic Arm. – Armenian As.-Asokan Av.-Avestan B.-Bihārī Bas.-Baśgalī Bg.-Bengali Br. – Brahui Div.-Divehi Dut.-Dutch Gad. – Gadaba Gaul. – Gaulish Ger.-German Gk.-Greek Go. – Gondi Goth.-Gothic Guj.-Gujarātī H.-Hindustānī (Hindī / Urdū) Hitt. – Hittite IA.- Indo-Aryan IE – Indo-European Ill-Illyrian Ka.-Kannada Kas.-Kāśmīrī Kho.-Khōwār Ko. – Kodagu Kon.-Konda Ku.-Kuwi Kur.-Kurukh L.-Latin Lat.-Latvian Lith.-Lithuanian M.-Marāṭhi Mal.-Malay MIA-Middle Indo-Aryan MIAV-Modern Indo Aryan-Vernacular Myc.- Mycanaean Greek OCS-Old Church Slavonic OE-Old English OHG-Old High German OIc- Old Icelandic OIr-Old Irish OIA-Old Indo-Aryan Oll.- Ollari ON-Old Norse O.Pruss.-Old Prussian O.Russ.-Old Russian O.Sinh-Old Sinhala OW – Old Welsh Or.-Oriya Os.-Ossetic P.-Pāli Pa. – Parji Pan.-Pañjābī PAn- Proto-Austronesian Pers.-Persian (Farsi) PIE-Proto-Indo-European Pkt.-Prakrit Pol. – Polish Port.-Portuguese Russ.-Russian Serb. – Serbo-Croatian Sinh.-Sinhala Sinh.Pkt.-Sinhala Prakrit Skt.-Sanskrit SLM-Sri Lanka Malay SM-Standard Malay SP- Standard Portuguese SLPC-Sri Lankan Portuguese Creole Son.T.-Sona Tamil Sum. – Sumerian T.-Tamil Te.-Telugu Toch.-Tocharian Tu. – Tulu Ved.-Vedda Wai.-Waigalī Wl.- Welsh LITERATURE AB- Aitareya Brahmana AV.- Atharva Veda Clp – Cilappatikāram CV - CūlavaJsa .A: - DhampiyA AtuvA GKFapadaya .3 - DBpavaJsa LSS – LAtyAyana Śrauta Sutra 6bh. - Ma+Ab+Arata 63 – 6a+AvaJsa R3 - Ṛg Veda SB – Latapatha BrAhmana 3P - VaJsatthappa1Asini N36 - Yalppana - Vaipava –Malai EPIGRAPHS .h.- Dhauli inscription of Asoka Gir.- Girnār inscription of Asoka Jau.-Jaugaḍa inscription of Asoka Ka.-Kālsi inscription of Asoka Man-Mānsehra inscription of Asoka Rup.-Rūpnāth inscription of Asoka Shb.- Shāhbāzgarhi inscription of Asoka Sig.gr.- Sigiri graffiti ABBREVIATIONS (ARCHIVES, BOOKS, PERIODICALS, JOURNALS ETC.) AA – Archiv für Anthropologie AC – Ancient Ceylon AI – Ancient India AHU – Archivo Historico Ultramarino Lisbon AJHG – American Journal of Human Genetics AJP – American Journal of Philology AJPA – American Journal of Physical Anthropology AKBAW – Abhandlungen der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften AO – Acta Orientalia ARGB – Archive für Rassen und Gesselschaft Biologie AS – American Science BBM – Bulletin of the British Museum BEFEO- Bulletin de l’ Ecole de Française d ‘Extreme-Orient BSGL – Boletim da Sociedade de Geograpraphia de Lisboa. Imprenca Nacional BSLP – Bulletin de la Societe de Linguistique de Paris BTVN – Bidragen de Taal-Land en Volkenkunde Van Nederlandsch Indie CA – Current Anthropology CALR – Ceylon Antiquary and Literary Register CB – Current Biology CDN – Ceylon Daily News CHC–A Concise History of Ceylon.C.W. Nicholas and S.Paranavitana (1961) CHJ – Ceylon Historical Journal CJS – Ceylon Journal of Science CLR – Ceylon Literary Register DSMV – Dastur Sanjana Memorial Volume EJHG – European Journal of Human Genetics Enc. I – Encyclopaedia of Islam EI– Epigraphia Indica ESMSL – An Ethnological Survey of the Muslims of Sri Lanka (1986) EZ – Epigraphia Zeylanica FKHPLB – Festschrift Königlichen Hoheit dem Prinzregenten Luitpold von Bayern. GR- Genome Research HG – Human Genetics IA – Indian Antiquary IC - Indian Culture. Journal of the Indian Research Institute IHQ – Indian Historical Quarterly IIJ- Indo Iranian Journal IJHG- International Journal of Human Genetics IS – Islamic Studies ISSJ – International Social Science Journal JA – Journal Asiatique JAOS – Journal of the American Oriental Society JASB – Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal J.Biosci – Journal of Biosciences JBORS – Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Research Society JDBU – Journal of the Dutch Burgher Union of Ceylon JIAS – Journal of the India Anthropological Society JISPQS – Journal of the Indian Society for Prehistoric and Quaternary Studies JMBRAS – Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society JOI – Journal of the Oriental Institute (Baroda) JOR- Journal of Oriental Research (Madras) JRAI.GB&I – Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland; formerly Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (JAI.GB & I) JRASB – Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal JRAS (Bom) – Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. Bombay JRAS.GB & I – Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland JRAS. SL – Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka; formerly Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. Ceylon Branch (JRAS. CB) JSLA- Journal of the Sri Lanka Archives LSI – Linguistic Survey of India . Ed. G.A.Grierson MAIBL – Memoires de l ’Academie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres MICHS – Souvenir of the Moors Islamic Cultural Home MLR – Monthly Literary Register MSZS – Münchener Studien Zur Sprachwissenschaft MTBV – Mitteilungen des Thuringer Botanischen Vereins NAWG – Nachrichten der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen NG- Nature Genetics PAC – Physical Anthropology of Ceylon. Howard Stoudt (1961) PFICSTS–Proceedings First International Conference Seminar of Tamil Studies (1966) PFV – Paranavitana Felicitation Volume. 1965 PNAS – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.USA PPMAA – Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology PTAIC – Proceedings of the Third All - India Conference. 1924 PTSAIOC – Proceedings and Transactions of the Sixth All–India Oriental Conference (1930) Published 1933 PRS- Proceedings of the Royal Society RIA – Reallexicon der Indogermanische Altertumskunde RKSV – Robert Knox’s Sinhalese Vocabulary . D.W.Ferguson. JRAS. CB 1896. Based on the manuscripts of Dr. Robert Hooke (Secretary of the Royal Society from 1677 – 1682) relating to Sinhala vocables obtained from Robert Knox RL – Revista Lusitana SBAW- Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften SBE – Sacred Books of the East Series. Ed. Max Muller SCVRASSL – Sesquicentennial Commemorative Volume of the Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka (1995) SESA – Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa SJCVUK – Silver Jubilee Commemoration Volume of the University of Kelaniya 1986 SKAWW – Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Win SKBAW–Sitzungsberichte
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fighting for the Spoils Cape Burgerschap and Faction Disputes in Cape Town in the 1770S Town
    The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgementTown of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Cape Published by the University ofof Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University Fighting for the Spoils Cape burgerschap and faction disputes in Cape Town in the 1770s Town Cape Teunis Baartmanof University Thesis presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Historical Studies University of Cape Town October 2011 Town Cape of University [ii] Abstract Fighting for the spoils. Cape burgerschap and faction disputes in Cape Town in the 1770s. Teunis Baartman October 2011 The Cape of Good Hope was rocked by a period of political turmoil at the end of the 1770s and beginning of 1780s. Coenraad Beyers published an extensive study about this period and labelled the protesters: Cape Patriots (‘Die Kaapse Patriotte’). In his view they were pre-Afrikaner burghers who, driven by ideological arguments, opposed a colonial VOC tyranny. This thesis aims to revise this analysis, while seeking to demonstrate that late eighteenth century Cape society was marked by a complex and intertwined network of status groups. Town The burgher protests are used as a case study to illustrate that the Cape settlement was part and parcel of the Dutch empire. The protesters emphasised that their burgerschap was on par with that in cities in theCape Dutch Republic.
    [Show full text]
  • Summer 2020 Web Newsletter
    Burgher Association Australia Summer Community Newsletter December 2020 Postal Address: PO Box 75 Clarinda VIC 3169 ABN - 28 890 322 651 ~ INC. REG. NO: A 0007821F Web Site: http://www.burgherassocn.org.au COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT 2019/2020 President Mr Hermann Loos - 03 9827 4455 [email protected] Vice President Mrs Tamaris Lourensz - 03 5981 8187 [email protected] Secretary Mr Harvey Foenander - 03 8790 1610 [email protected] Assistant Secretary Mrs Rita Van Geyzel - 03 9503 4841 [email protected] Treasurer Mr Bert Van Geyzel - 03 9503 4841 [email protected] Assistant Treasurer Mr Ashley Henricus - 03 9561 6212 [email protected] Editor Mr Neville Davidson - 03 97111 922 [email protected] Public Relations Manager Mrs Elaine Jansz - 03 9798 6315 [email protected] Customer Relations Manager Mrs Breeda Foenander - 03 8790 1610 [email protected] COMMITTEE Mrs Carol Loos - 03 9827 4455, Mr Shoua Liu - 0420 225 600, Mr Hans De Zilwa - 0419 292 939, Mr Terry Backhouse - 0429 987 300 Mrs Ruth Liu - 0415 463 037, Mrs Fallon De Zilwa - 0414 096 774 2 The 2019/20 Burgher Association Australia Donations Pledge The Burgher Association Australia Incorporated~ (BAA) is passionate about supporting the community and is proud to be helping make a difference in the area of health and wellbeing. It is our goal to empower wellbeing and healthy lifestyles across Australia and Sri Lanka. The BAA is pleased to have considered charitable contributions, donations and sponsorships to children's education in Sri Lanka and other charitable donations/sponsorship based in Australia The BAA has announced following their November 2019 Committee Meeting that for the forthcoming year donations and sponsorships will be granted to the following.
    [Show full text]
  • A Evolução Da Cultura Castreja
    A evolução da cultura castreja Autor(es): Alarcão, Jorge de Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/45508 DOI: DOI:https://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8657_31_3 Accessed : 9-Oct-2021 09:22:37 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. impactum.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt Jorge de Alarcão Professor da Faculdade de Letras de Coimbra A EVOLUÇÃO DA CULTURA CASTREJA «Conimbriga» XXXI (1992), p. 39-71 Resumo : O autor distingue três fases fundamentais na evolução da cultura castrej a. Uma, de integração económica e sociopolítica, correspondente aos sécu­ los X a VIII a.
    [Show full text]
  • Dress Fashions of Royalty Kotte Kingdom of Sri Lanka
    DRESS FASHIONS OF ROYALTY KOTTE KINGDOM OF SRI LANKA . DRESS FASHIONS OF ROYALTY KOTTE KINGDOM OF SRI LANKA Dr. Priyanka Virajini Medagedara Karunaratne S. Godage & Brothers (Pvt) Ltd. Dedication First Edition : 2017 For Vidyajothi Emeritus Professor Nimal De Silva DRESS FASHIONS OF ROYALTY KOTTE KingDOM OF SRI LANKA Eminent scholar and ideal Guru © Dr. Priyanka Virajini Medagedara Karunaratne ISBN 978-955-30- Cover Design by: S. Godage & Brothers (Pvt) Ltd Page setting by: Nisha Weerasuriya Published by: S. Godage & Brothers (Pvt) Ltd. 661/665/675, P. de S. Kularatne Mawatha, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka. Printed by: Chathura Printers 69, Kumaradasa Place, Wellampitiya, Sri Lanka. Foreword This collection of writings provides an intensive reading of dress fashions of royalty which intensified Portuguese political power over the Kingdom of Kotte. The royalties were at the top in the social strata eventually known to be the fashion creators of society. Their engagement in creating and practicing dress fashion prevailed from time immemorial. The author builds a sound dialogue within six chapters’ covering most areas of dress fashion by incorporating valid recorded historical data, variety of recorded visual formats cross checking each other, clarifying how the period signifies a turning point in the fashion history of Sri Lanka culminating with emerging novel dress features. This scholarly work is very much vital for university academia and fellow researches in the stream of Humanities and Social Sciences interested in historical dress fashions and usage of jewelry. Furthermore, the content leads the reader into a new perspective on the subject through a sound dialogue which has been narrated through validated recorded historical data, recorded historical visual information, and logical analysis with reference to scholars of the subject area.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Bakery Chile Torta De Hojas Global Bakery Global Neuseeland – – – – Kuchen Aus Aller Welt – – – – Blechkuchen Mit Eischneehaube
    Die «Kuchenwelt» entdecken Dieses Buch lädt zur spannenden Einfache Blechkuchen mit saftigem Anna Weston Kuchenreise rund um den Erdball ein. Obst und Nüssen sind genauso vertreten Jede Kultur hat ihre Kuchentradition, wie rasch zubereitete Cakes auf Grieß- ganz nach dem Motto: Vorrang haben in und Biskuitbasis mit Datteln, Ananas und der Backstube weltweit Zutaten, die Kokosnuss oder aufwändig geschich - im eigenen Land einfach zu beschaffen tete Torten mit cremigem Innenleben sind. wie die Schokoladenmousse- und Karamell torte. Kuchen lieben alle. Man kann nie genug Rezepte haben. Schön, dass mit dieser Sammlung die süße Genusswelt echten, internationalen Zuwachs bekommt. USA Italien Rote samtige Torte Marronikuchen China Neujahrskuchen Anna Weston Westafrika Limettenkuchen Global Bakery Chile Torta de Hojas Global Bakery Global Neuseeland – – – – Kuchen aus aller Welt – – – – Blechkuchen mit Eischneehaube ISBN 978-3-03780-561-9 Anna Weston Global Bakery – – – – Kuchen aus aller Welt – – – – Inhalt Die englische Originalausgabe erschien unter dem Titel © 2015 für die deutsche Ausgabe Vorwort 10 Libyen «The Global Bakery – Cakes from the World’s Kitchens» im Fona Verlag AG, CH-5600 Lenzburg Safra – Grieß-Dattel-Kuchen 34 Verlag New Internationalist Publications Ltd, Oxford, www.fona.ch Marokko UK, 2014 Subsahara-Afrika Meskouta with Orange Juice – Übersetzt aus dem Englischen Jens und Antje Bommel Meskouta mit Orangensaft 36 Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Kein Teil dieses Werkes darf ohne Redaktion der deutschen Ausgabe Léonie Schmid Elfenbeinküste
    [Show full text]
  • Povos, Cultura E Língua No Ocidente Peninsular: Uma Perspectiva, a Partir Da Toponomástica
    Acta Palaeohispanica IX Palaeohispanica 5, (2005), pp. 793-822 POVOS, CULTURA E LÍNGUA NO OCIDENTE PENINSULAR: UMA PERSPECTIVA, A PARTIR DA TOPONOMÁSTICA Amílcar Guerra Estes encontros regulares da comunidade científica que se dedica aos estudos das línguas e culturas paleohispânicas, têm, desde logo, o grande mérito de terem contribuído, ao longo de mais de trinta anos, para uma actualização periódica dos conhecimentos e uma avaliação dos progressos da investigação nos diversos domínios que lhe dizem res- peito. Respondendo a uma solicitação da comissão organizadora, pro- ponho-me aqui trazer algumas questões de natureza linguística e cultu- ral respeitantes ao Ocidente Hispânico, em particularmente relaciona- das com topónimos e etnónimos dessa área, a aspecto a que dediquei, nos últimos anos, uma atenção particular. Tendo em vista esse objectivo, tratar-se-ão aspectos que concernem duas vertentes distintas, mas complementares, da investigação. Numa primeira parte abordam-se questões que se prendem com o próprio repertório onomástico, em particular as mais recentes novidades, em boa parte ainda não presentes nas mais vulgarizadas recolhes do mate- rial linguístico associado à geografia antiga. Por outro lado, apresentam- se alguns dos elementos mais característicos da realidade em análise, entre eles alguns sufixos e elementos comuns na formação dos NNL do Ocidente. A. O REPERTÓRIO 1. Quando, no início dos anos ’90, me propus recolher e analisar de forma sistemática a documentação antiga respeitante aos povos e lugares do Ocidente hispânico, o panorama da investigação era substancialmente diferente do actual. Ao contrário do acontecia então com a onomástica pessoal, realidade que, especialmente graças primeiro aos esforços de Palomar Lapesa (1956) e depois, sobretudo, de Albertos (1966, 1976, ActPal IX = PalHisp 5 793 Amílcar Guerra 1979) e Untermann (1965), tinha sido objecto de estudos sistemáticos tanto a nível do repertório e da análise linguística, a documentação rela- tiva à realidade geográfica encontrava-se apenas parcelarmente tratada.
    [Show full text]
  • Delft Survival Guide
    Delta Delta is the independent newspaper of TU Delft. www.delta.tudelft.nl COLOPHON Editor-in-chief, Delta: Frank Nuijens Editor: Molly Quell Writers: Damini Purkayastha, Caroline Vermeulen and Daniela Stow Layout design: Damini Purkayastha Cover Design: Stephan Timmers All articles printed in this book were first published in TU Delta from 2012 to 2015. Some text has been updated to reflect changes. To read the articles online log on to: www.delta.tudelft.nl/internationalstu- dents/survivalguide The Survival Guide is an on-going series and will be updated with new and relevant topics. For queries or topics you would like covered write to [email protected] Delta TU Delft 3 Table of Contents Life on campus 6 Survive: Campus 8 Survive: Bars on campus 11 Survive: TU Delft’s online forums 14 Survive: Mental health on campus 16 Getting around 18 Survive: The bike 19 Survive: The cycling rules 21 Survive: The public transport 24 Survive: The new train tickets 28 Survive: The news 31 Survive: Networking 34 Survive: The libraries 36 Survive: After-hour emergencies 39 Survive: Free wifi 41 Survive: The rain 43 Survive: The tourism 45 Survive: The snow 47 Survive: The trash 49 Survive: Visas 52 Survive: The medical system 54 4 Delta TU Delft Things to do 57 Survive: The beaches 59 Survive: The museums 61 Survive: Trivia nights 63 Survive: Sports clubs 65 Survive: The theatre 67 Survive: The events 69 Survive: Delft’s music events 72 Survive: The tastings 75 Survive: Winter activities in Delft 77 Survive: Watching sports 80 Survive:
    [Show full text]
  • HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL DNA HAPLOGROUP J in EUROPE and NEAR EAST M.Sc
    UNIVERSITY OF TARTU FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY, INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY Piia Serk HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL DNA HAPLOGROUP J IN EUROPE AND NEAR EAST M.Sc. Thesis Supervisors: Ph.D. Ene Metspalu, Prof. Richard Villems Tartu 2004 Table of contents Abbreviations .............................................................................................................................3 Definition of basic terms used in the thesis.........................................................................3 Introduction................................................................................................................................4 Literature overview ....................................................................................................................5 West–Eurasian mtDNA tree................................................................................................5 Fast mutation rate of mtDNA..............................................................................................9 Estimation of a coalescence time ......................................................................................10 Topology of mtDNA haplogroup J....................................................................................12 Geographic spread of mtDNA haplogroup J.....................................................................20 The aim of the present study ....................................................................................................22
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Mitochondrial DNA from Pre-Historic
    Grand Valley State University ScholarWorks@GVSU Masters Theses Graduate Research and Creative Practice 4-30-2011 Ancient Mitochondrial DNA From Pre-historic Southeastern Europe: The rP esence of East Eurasian Haplogroups Provides Evidence of Interactions with South Siberians Across the Central Asian Steppe Belt Jeremy R. Newton Grand Valley State University Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/theses Part of the Cell Biology Commons, and the Molecular Biology Commons Recommended Citation Newton, Jeremy R., "Ancient Mitochondrial DNA From Pre-historic Southeastern Europe: The rP esence of East Eurasian Haplogroups Provides Evidence of Interactions with South Siberians Across the Central Asian Steppe Belt" (2011). Masters Theses. 5. http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/theses/5 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research and Creative Practice at ScholarWorks@GVSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@GVSU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANCIENT MITOCHONDRIAL DNA FROM PRE-HISTORIC SOUTH- EASTERN EUROPE: THE PRESENCE OF EAST EURASIAN HAPLOGROUPS PROVIDES EVIDENCE OF INTERACTIONS WITH SOUTH SIBERIANS ACROSS THE CENTRAL ASIAN STEPPE BELT A thesis submittal in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science By Jeremy R. Newton To Cell and Molecular Biology Department Grand Valley State University Allendale, MI April, 2011 “Not all those who wander are lost.” J.R.R. Tolkien iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to extend my sincerest thanks to every person who has motivated, directed, and encouraged me throughout this thesis project. I especially thank my graduate advisor, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Revival of the Bhikkhunī Order and the Decline of the Sāsana
    Journal of Buddhist Ethics ISSN 1076-9005 http://blogs.dickinson.edu/buddhistethics/ Volume 20, 2013 The Revival of the Bhikkhunī Order and the Decline of the Sāsana Bhikkhu Anālayo Center for Buddhist Studies, University of Hamburg Dharma Drum Buddhist College, Taiwan Copyright Notice: Digital copies of this work may be made and distributed provided no change is made and no alteration is made to the content. Re- production in any other format, with the exception of a single copy for pri- vate study, requires the written permission of the author. All enquiries to: [email protected]. The Revival of the Bhikkhunī Order and the Decline of the Sāsana Bhikkhu Anālayo 1 Abstract In this article I study the revival of the bhikkhunī order in the Theravāda traditions and its supposed relation to a decline of the Buddha’s dispensation. Introduction My presentation begins with the contrast between the positive evalua- tion of the existence of an order of bhikkhunīs in early Buddhist discourse and the “prediction of decline,” according to which the establishing of this order would result in a decline of the Buddha’s dispensation (sāsana). Next I survey modern-day apprehensions that the revival of the bhik- khunī order constitutes a “Mahāyāna threat”; and then explore the “Theravāda sense of identity.” In an attempt to cover the legal issue of reviving bhikkhunī ordination in detail, I examine the alternatives of “dual ordination” and “single ordination.” Finally I turn to the current 1 I am indebted to Bhikhu Bodhi, Sāmaṇerī Dhammadinnā, Petra Kieffer-Pülz, Shi Kongmu, Kester Ratcliff and Martin Seeger for commenting on a draft version of the 111 Journal of Buddhist Ethics situation of nuns who have not received full ordination in the Theravāda traditions as instances of an “actual decline.”2 The Prediction of Decline As a way of getting into my subject of the relationship between the es- tablishing of an order of bhikkhunīs and what according to early Buddhist texts leads to a decline of the sāsana, I begin by translating a short dis- course from the Saṃyukta-āgama.
    [Show full text]
  • Graduation Assignment
    Vidyadhana, S. (2017, January 22). Kenapa Sih Anak Muda Indonesia Bersedia Terbebani Resepsi Pernikahan Mahal? Retrieved June 5, 2017, from VICE: https://www.vice.com/id_id/article/kenapa-sih-anak-muda-indonesia-bersedia-terbebani- resepsi-pernikahan-mahal Wahyuni, T. (2015, March 7). Makanan yang Paling Diincar Tamu di Pesta Pernikahan. Retrieved from CNN Indoneisa : http://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20150307100907-262- 37404/makanan-yang-paling-diincar-tamu-di-pesta-pernikahan/ Wisnu, K. (2017, April 27). Mr. (B. Kusuma, Interviewer) 12. Appendices Appendix I: Products of Karunia Catering Buffet Packages Buffet Package A @ IDR 55,000 Soup Salad Vegetables Red Soup Caesar Salad Seafood Stir Fry Asparagus Soup Red Bean Salad Sukiyaki Beef Stir Fry Asparagus Corn Soup Marina Salad Crab with Broccoli Sauce Corn Soup Mix Vegetables Salad Szechuan Green Bean Waru Flower Soup Special Fruit Salad Squid and Broccoli Stir Fry Fish Meatball Soup Avocado Salad Sapo Seafood Mango Salad Broccoli and Squid Spicy Food Fish / Chicken Bistik Tongue Balado Special Kuluyuk Chicken Beef Rolade Meat Beef Balado Sweet and Sour Shrimps Beef Tongue Tongue Black Pepper Shrimp with Bread Crumb Betutu Chicken Beef Black Pepper Floured Fried Shrimp Roasted Chicken Roll Tongue Asem-asem Mayonnaise Shrimp Chicken Satay Tongue with Cheese Drum Stick Shrimp Meat Kalio Fish with Padang Sauce Lungs with Coconut Sour Salad Fish Fish with Bread Crumb 45 Bistik Dish served with sliced vegetables except for roasted chicken and satay Drink: Tea, soft drink / lemon tea
    [Show full text]
  • Indo-Iranian Personal Names in Mitanni: a Source for Cultural Reconstruction DOI: 10.34158/ONOMA.54/2019/8
    Onoma 54 Journal of the International Council of Onomastic Sciences ISSN: 0078-463X; e-ISSN: 1783-1644 Journal homepage: https://onomajournal.org/ Indo-Iranian personal names in Mitanni: A source for cultural reconstruction DOI: 10.34158/ONOMA.54/2019/8 Simone Gentile Università degli Studi di Roma Tre Dipartimento di Filosofia, Comunicazione e Spettacolo via Ostiense, 234˗236 00146 Roma (RM) Italy [email protected] To cite this article: Gentile, Simone. 2019. Indo-Iranian personal names in Mitanni: A source for cultural reconstruction. Onoma 54, 137–159. DOI: 10.34158/ONOMA.54/2019/8 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.34158/ONOMA.54/2019/8 © Onoma and the author. Indo-Iranian personal names in Mitanni: A source for cultural reconstruction Abstract: As is known, some Indo˗Aryan (or Iranian) proper names and glosses are attested in documents from Egypt, Northern Mesopotamia, and Syria, related to the ancient kingdom of Mitanni (2nd millennium BC). The discovery of these Aryan archaic forms in Hittite and Hurrian sources was of particular interest for comparative philology. Indeed, some names can be readily compared to Indo˗Iranian anthroponyms and theonyms: for instance, Aššuzzana can likely be related with OPers. Aspačanā ‘delighting in horses’, probably of Median origin; Indaratti ‘having Indra as his guest’ clearly recalls Indra, a theonym which occurs both in R̥ gveda and Avesta. This paper aims at investigating the relationship between Aryan personal names preserved in Near Eastern documents and the Indo˗Iranian cultural milieu. After a thorough collection of these names, their 138 SIMONE GENTILE morphological and semantic structures are analysed in depth and the most relevant results are showed here.
    [Show full text]