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World Languages Using Latin Script

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Latin GP - WORLD LANGUAGES USING LATIN SCRIPT ISO Lang, Language Classification Population Language map Comment 639-3 status Indo-European, Germanic, West, Low Botswana, Lesotho, 1. Afrikaans, afr Saxon-Low Franconian, Low 7,096,810 1 South Africa and Franconian SwazilandNamibia Azerbaijan,Georgia,Iraq 2. Azeri,Azerbaijani azj Turkic, Southern, Azerbaijani 24,226,940 1 Jordan and Syria Indo-European Balto-Slavic Slavic 3. Czech Bohemian Cestina ces 10,619,340 1 Czech Republic West Czech-Slovak Chamorro,Chamorru Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Guam and Northern 4. cha 94,700 1 Tjamoro Chamorro Mariana Islands Seychelles Creole,Seselwa Creole, Creole, Ilois, Kreol, Kreol 5. crs Creole, French based : 72,700 1 Seychelles Seselwa, Seselwa, Seychelles Creole French, Seychellois Creole Indo-European Germanic North East Denmark Finland Norway 6. DanishDansk Rigsdansk dan Scandinavian Danish-Swedish Danish- 5,520,860 1 and Sweden Riksmal Danish AustriaBelgium Indo-European Germanic West High Luxembourg and 7. German Deutsch Tedesco deu German German Middle German East 69,800,000 1 NetherlandsDenmark Middle German Finland Norway and Sweden Estonia Latvia and 8. Estonianestieesti keel ekk Uralic Finnic 1,132,500 1 Lithuania 9. English eng Indo-European Germanic West English 341,000,000 1 over 140 countries Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian 10. Filipino fil Philippine Greater Central Philippine 45,000,000 1 Filippines L2 users population Central Philippine Tagalog Denmark Finland Norway 11. Finnish, Suomi fin Uralic Finnic 5,392,180 1 and SwedenWestern Russia Page 1 of 47 March 3, 2016 Latin GP - WORLD LANGUAGES USING LATIN SCRIPT ISO Lang, Language Classification Population Language map Comment 639-3 status Andorra and Indo-European Italic Romance Italo- FranceBelgium 12. French,Français fra Western Western Gallo-Iberian Gallo- 87,000,000 1 Luxembourg and Romance Gallo-Rhaetian Oïl French NetherlandsLiechtenstein and Switzerland Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Kiribati, Gilbertese, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, 13. Ikiribati, I-Kiribati, gil 116,280 1 Solomon Islands Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Kiribatese Oceanic, Micronesian, Micronesian Proper, Ikiribati Chiripá [nhd] Eastern Bolivian Guaraní [gui] Guarani Avañe’e Mbyá Guaraní [gun] 14. grn Tupian Tupí-Guaraní Guaraní Guaraní 4,939,180 1 Paragay Paraguayan Paraguayan Guaraní [gug] Western Bolivian Guaraní [gnw] Haitian CreoleCreole 15. Haitian Creole Western hat Creole French based 7731,240 1 Widespread Caribbean Creole Indo-European Balto-Slavic Slavic 16. Croatian,Hrvatski hrv 5,609,290 1 Croatia South Western 17. Hungarian Magyar hun Uralic 9,840,000 1 Hungary Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian 18. Indonesian ind 22,800,000 1 Indonesia Malayo-Chamic Malayic Malay Indo-European Germanic North West 19. IcelandicÍslenska isl 300,000 1 Scandinavian Indo-European Italic Romance Italo- 20. ItalianItaliano ita 63,738,247 1 Italy Switcerland Western Italo-Dalmatian Greenlandic Kalaallisut, Greenland Nuuk Sisimiut 21. kal Eskimo-Aleut, Eskimo, Inuit-Inupiaq 57,000 1 Inuktitut, and Kangerussuaq Kazakhstan Kazakh, Turkmenistan and 22. Kaisak, Kazak, Kosach, kaz Turkic, Western, Aralo-Caspian 12,881,960 1 Uzbekistan Qazaq China Page 2 of 47 March 3, 2016 Latin GP - WORLD LANGUAGES USING LATIN SCRIPT ISO Lang, Language Classification Population Language map Comment 639-3 status Northern Democratic Kinyarwanda, Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta- Republic of Congo, Ikinyarwanda, Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, 23. kin 7,189,900 1 Southern Democratic Orunyarwanda, Ruanda, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, J, Republic of Congo, Rwandan, Urunyaruanda Ruanda-Rundi (D.61) Uganda Latvian, Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Baltic, Latgalian [ltg] 24. “Lettisch” (pej.), “Lettish” lav 1,552,260 1 Latvia Eastern Standard Latvian [lvs] (pej.) Lithuanian, Lietuvi, Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Baltic, Lithuania 25. Lietuviskai, Litauische, lit 3,001,430. 1 Eastern Litewski, Litovskiy Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Marshallese, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, 26. mah 54,600 1 Marshall Islands Ebon Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Micronesian, Micronesian Proper, Marshallese Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, 27. Maltese, Malti mlt 522,000 1 Malta Arabic Page 3 of 47 March 3, 2016 Latin GP - WORLD LANGUAGES USING LATIN SCRIPT ISO Lang, Language Classification Population Language map Comment 639-3 status Bacanese Malay [btj] Bangka [mfb] Banjar [bjn] Berau Malay [bve] Brunei [kxd] Bukit Malay [bvu] Central Malay [pse] Cocos Islands Malay [coa] Col [liw] Duano [dup] Haji [hji] Indonesian [ind] Jakun [jak] Jambi Malay [jax] Kaur [vkk] Kedah Malay [meo] Kerinci [kvr] Kota Bangun Kutai Malaysia - Malay [mqg] Peninsular,Brunei and Kubu [kvb] Malaysia - Loncong [lce] Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sarawak,Indonesia, Java Lubu [lcf] 28. Malay, msa 60,475,586 1 Malayo-Chamic, Malayic, Malay and Bali,Indonesia, Malay (individual Kalimantan,Indonesia, language) [mly] Sulawesi.Indonesia, (Retired 2008-02-18) Sumatra, Malay (individual language) [zlm] Manado Malay [xmm] Minangkabau [min] Musi [mui] Negeri Sembilan Malay [zmi] North Moluccan Malay [max] Orang Kanaq [orn] Orang Seletar [ors] Pattani Malay [mfa] Pekal [pel] Sabah Malay [msi] Standard Malay [zsm] Page 4 of 47 TemuanMarch [tmw ]3, 2016 Tenggarong Kutai Malay [vkt] Urak Lawoi' [urk] Latin GP - WORLD LANGUAGES USING LATIN SCRIPT ISO Lang, Language Classification Population Language map Comment 639-3 status Ndebele, Isikhethu, Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta- IsiNdebele, Ndzundza, Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Lesotho, South Africa and 29. Nrebele, Southern nbl 1,090,000 1 Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, S, Swaziland Ndebele, Transvaal Nguni (S.407) Ndebele Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Niuean,Niue, “Niuefekai” Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, 30. niu 7,767 1 Niue (pej.) Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian- Polynesian, Polynesian, Tongic Indo-European Germanic West Low Duch Hollands Belgium Luxembourg and 31. nld Saxon-Low Franconian Low 21944690 1 Nederlands Netherlands Franconian Indo-European, Germanic, North, East Denmark, Finland, 32. Norwegian,Norsk nor Scandinavian, Danish-Swedish, 4,741,780 1 Norway and Sweden Danish-Bokmal Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta- Northern Sotho, Pedi, Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Lesotho, South Africa and 33. Sepedi, Sesotho sa nso 4,631,000 1 Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, S, Swaziland Leboa, Transvaal Sotho Sotho-Tswana (S.32) Papiamento, Papiamentu, 34. Curaçoleño, Curassese, pap Creole, Iberian based 263,200 1 Curacao Papiamen, Papiamentoe Malagasy, Plateau, Malagasy, Malgache, Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Comoros, Madagascar 35. plt 7,529,640 1 Official Malagasy, Greater Barito, East, Malagasy and Mayotte Standard Malagasy Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, 36. Polish, Polnisch, Polski pol 38,636,480 1 Poland West, Lechitic Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo- Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero- 37. Portuguese, por 203,352,100 1 Portugal and Spain Romance, West Iberian, Portuguese- Galician Romanian, Daco- Indo-European, Italic, Romance, 38. Rumanian, Moldavian, ron 23,681,610 1 Romania Eastern Rumanian Page 5 of 47 March 3, 2016 Latin GP - WORLD LANGUAGES USING LATIN SCRIPT ISO Lang, Language Classification Population Language map Comment 639-3 status Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta- Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, 39. Kirundi, Rundi Urundi, run 10.000.000 1 Burundi, Congo Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, J, Ruanda-Rundi (D.62) 40. Sango, Sangho sag Creole, Ngbandi based 404,000 1 Central African Republic Lingua franca Slovak, Slovakian, Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, 41. slk 4,750,000 1 Slovakia Slovencina West, Czech-Slovak Slovenian, Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, 42. slv 2,085,160 1 Slovenia Slovenscina,Slovene South, Western Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, 43. Samoan, smo Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote 413,257 1 Samoa Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian- Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear, Samoic-Outlier, Samoan Somali, Af-Maxaad Tiri, Af-Soomaali, Common Djibouti, Eritrea and 44. som Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali 14,762,900 1 Somali, Soomaaliga, Ethiopia,Kenya,Somalia Standard Somali Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta- Southern Sotho, Sesotho, Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Lesotho, South Africa and 45. Sisutho, Souto, Suthu, sot Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, S, 5,634,000 1 Swaziland Suto Sotho-Tswana (S.33) Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo- Andorra and France Spanish, Castellano, 46. spa Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero- 398,931,840 1 Belize,Portugal and Spain Castilian, Español Romance, West Iberian, Castilian Albanian, Arbëreshë Albanian [aae] (Italy) Arvanitika Albania, Greece, Serbia, 47. Albanian[aat] (Greece) sqi Indo-European, Albanian, 5,367,000 1 Macedonia, Montenegro Gheg Albanian [aln] (Serbia) Tosk Albanian [als] Page 6 of 47 March 3, 2016 Latin GP - WORLD LANGUAGES USING LATIN SCRIPT ISO Lang, Language Classification Population Language map Comment 639-3 status Montenegrin is very Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, close to Serbian, not 48. Serbian, srpski,српски, srp 8,638,906 1 Serbia South, Western yet recognized as a separate language Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta- Swati/Swazi, Isiswazi, Lesotho, South Africa Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, 2,324,200 49. Ngwane, Phuthi, Siswati, ssw 1 and,Swaziland,,,Mozambi Southern,
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    MASYARAKAT LINGUISTIK INDONESIA Didirikan pada tahun 1975, Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia (MLI) merupakan organisasi profesi yang bertujuan mengembangkan studi ilmiah mengenai bahasa. PENGURUS MASYARAKAT LINGUISTIK INDONESIA Ketua : Katharina Endriati Sukamto, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Wakil Ketua : Fairul Zabadi, Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Sekretaris : Ifan Iskandar, Universitas Negeri Jakarta Bendahara : Yanti, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya DEWAN EDITOR Utama : Bambang Kaswanti Purwo, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Pendamping : Lanny Hidajat, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Anggota : Bernd Nothofer, Universitas Frankfurt, Jerman; Ellen Rafferty, University of Wisconsin, Amerika Serikat; Bernard Comrie, Max Planck Institute; Tim McKinnon, Jakarta Field Station MPI; A. Chaedar Alwasilah, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia; E. Aminudin Aziz, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia; Siti Wachidah, Universitas Negeri Jakarta; Katharina Endriati Sukamto, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya; D. Edi Subroto, Universitas Sebelas Maret; I Wayan Arka, Universitas Udayana; A. Effendi Kadarisman, Universitas Negeri Malang; Bahren Umar Siregar, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya; Hasan Basri, Universitas Tadulako; Yassir Nasanius, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya; Dwi Noverini Djenar, Sydney University, Australia; Mahyuni, Universitas Mataram; Patrisius Djiwandono, Universitas Ma Chung; Yanti, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya. JURNAL LINGUISTIK INDONESIA Linguistik Indonesia diterbitkan pertama kali pada tahun 1982 dan sejak tahun 2000 diterbitkan tiap bulan Februari dan Agustus. Linguistik Indonesia telah terakreditasi berdasarkan SK Dirjen Dikti No. 040/P/2014, 18 Februari 2014. Jurnal ilmiah ini dibagikan secara cuma-cuma kepada para anggota MLI yang keanggotaannya umumnya melalui Cabang MLI di pelbagai Perguruan Tinggi, tetapi dapat juga secara perseorangan atau institusional. Iuran per tahun adalah Rp 200.000,00 (anggota dalam negeri) dan US$30 (anggota luar negeri).
  • The Development of the Finish Morphemes in the Yue-Chinese and the Zhuang Languages in the Guangxi Region

    The Development of the Finish Morphemes in the Yue-Chinese and the Zhuang Languages in the Guangxi Region

    Copyright Warning Use of this thesis/dissertation/project is for the purpose of private study or scholarly research only. Users must comply with the Copyright Ordinance. Anyone who consults this thesis/dissertation/project is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no part of it may be reproduced without the author’s prior written consent. SYNCHRONIC VARIATION, GRAMMATICALIZATION AND LANGUAGE CONTACT: THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FINISH MORPHEMES IN THE YUE-CHINESE AND THE ZHUANG LANGUAGES IN THE GUANGXI REGION HUANG YANG DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG AUGUST 2014 CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG 香港城市大學 Synchronic Variation, Grammaticalization and Language Contact: the Development of the FINISH Morphemes in the Yue-Chinese and the Zhuang Languages in the Guangxi Region 共時變異、語法化和語言接觸： 論南寧粵語及壯語中「完畢」語素的演變 Submitted to Department of Chinese and History 中文及歷史學系 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 哲學博士學位 by Huang Yang 黃陽 August 2014 二零一四年八月 Abstract Language change is simply a fact of life; it cannot be prevented or avoided (Campbell 2013: 3). When asked to identify the causes of language change, historical linguists usually give us internal explanations (Lass 1997: 209), while contact linguists specifically focus on external factors such as borrowing, interference, metatypy and others (Weinreich 1963, Ross 1999, Thomason 2001). Among these external factors, the contact-induced grammaticalization theory pioneered by Heine & Kuteva (2003, 2005) is particularly well-suited to explain the grammatical changes undergone by the languages in South China (F. Wu 2009a, Kwok 2010, D. Qin 2012, Y. Huang & Kwok 2013, Kwok et al.