A Timeline of Women at Yale Helen Robertson Gage Becomes the ﬁrst Woman to Graduate with a Master’S Degree in Public Health

1905 Florence Bingham Kinne in the Pathology Department, becomes the first female instructor at Yale. 1910 First Honorary Degree awarded to a woman, Jane Addams, the developer of the settlement house movement in America and head of Chicago’s Hull House. 1916 Women are admitted to the Yale School of Medicine. Four years later, Louise Whitman Farnam receives the first medical degree awarded to a woman: she graduates with honors, wins the prize for the highest rank in examinations, and is selected as YSM commencement speaker. 1919 A Timeline of Women at Yale Helen Robertson Gage becomes the first woman to graduate with a Master’s degree in Public Health. SEPTEMBER 1773 1920 At graduation, Nathan Hale wins the “forensic debate” Women are first hired in the college dining halls. on the subject of “Whether the Education of Daughters be not without any just reason, more neglected than that Catherine Turner Bryce, in Elementary Education, of Sons.” One of his classmates wrote that “Hale was becomes the first woman Assistant Professor. triumphant. He was the champion of the daughters and 1923 most ably advocated their cause.” The Yale School of Nursing is established under Dean DECEMBER 1783 Annie Goodrich, the first female dean at Yale. The School Lucinda Foote, age twelve, is interviewed by Yale of Nursing remains all female until at least 1955, the President Ezra Stiles who writes later in his diary: earliest date at which a man is recorded receiving a degree “Were it not for her sex, she would be considered fit to at the school. be admitted as a student in the freshman class of Yale University.” The Drama School also opens that year, immediately admitting women. 1869 The Yale School of Fine Arts, Yale’s first coeducational 1926 school, opens through the bequest of donors Caroline Otelia Cromwell is the first African American woman to and Augustus Street. Alice and Susan Silliman, daughters receive a doctorate from Yale, a PhD in English. of Benjamin Silliman, Jr., enroll in the first class. 1932 1885 Women are admitted to the Yale Divinity School. Yale Law School accidentally admits its first female student, Alice Rufie Blake Jordan, who had applied using 1934 only her initials and was assumed to be a man. With Grace Murray Hopper receives her PhD in Mathematics the support of the Law School, but against the wishes from Yale. of the Corporation, Jordan successfully completes her coursework and is awarded a degree a year later. Afer 1935 her graduation, the Corporation ofcially stipulates The first two women graduate from Yale Divinity School. that courses are only open to men unless both sexes are specifically included. Women are not ofcially admitted 1943 into Yale Law School until 1919. Alice Elizabeth Chase becomes Instructor in the History of Art and the first woman appointed to teach male 1892 undergraduates at Yale. The Yale Graduate School admits women. 23 enroll. 1952 1894 First woman receives tenure, Professor Bessie Lee Gambrill For the first time, Yale awards Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Education. degrees to women. At the 1894 Commencement, 7 of the 21 PhD degree recipients are women. Two become professors at Vassar, two at Smith, one at Wellesley, and one is for many years a top researcher in Yale’s astronomy department. 1956 committees. It is met with questions: “Brewster’s Arthur Howe, Jr., the new Dean of Admissions, advocates memorandum takes for granted the desirability for the admission of women to Yale College in order of bringing women to Yale. The main difculty of to raise the academic level of the student body, attract introducing women to Yale is not the question of outstanding students who prefer coeducational schools coeducation versus coordinate arrangements, but the and reduce the disintegration of the Yale community on matter of finding a donor who will commit at least $30 weekends as students visit far away women’s colleges. million to the enterprise…The choice in large part will depend upon the preferences of the donor.” President Griswold placates the angry alumni with a limerick that turns the idea of coeducation into a joke: OCTOBER 1968 “ ‘By keeping in step with the male, We proceed at the pace Nancy Altman, first year student at Albertus Magnus and of a snail,’ said the Dean of Admissions, ‘Let’s shif our wife of Jefrey Altman ’71 and “acting secretary” of the positions, And get some fast women at Yale.’ ” Trumbull College Council, petitions the University to allow all undergraduates’ wives to take courses (the policy FEBRUARY 1957 only allows wives of seniors). A response to Altman The Yale School of Divinity opens Porter Hall, the first argues that Yale should not let a husband’s choice of wife building to be constructed at Yale specifically as a residence determine which women should go to Yale. for women. It is named for Professor Frank C. Porter and his wife, Delia Lyman Porter, who was quite active in the Ten presidents of single-sex liberal arts colleges hold a life of the Divinity School. semi-secret meeting at Smith to discuss coeducation, but Yale is not invited. NOVEMBER 1957 Anne Morissey, a senior at Cornell who is sports editor of At the October 4th meeting of the Yale College faculty, the Cornell student newspaper, is the first woman to enter Dean of Admissions R. Inslee Clark remarks that the Press Box at the Yale Bowl in order to cover the Yale- attracting applicants would be easier if Yale were coed. Cornell game (which Yale wins). The faculty applauds his remarks. 1959 The Yale chapter of Students for a Democratic Society Helen Hadley Hall opens as the first residence hall for presents a demand for immediate coeducation to women graduate and professional students. Assistant to the President Henry Chauncey. Chauncey responds with a reminder of the University’s dedication 1964 to continue producing the same number of male leaders Mary Clabaugh Wright becomes the first woman to receive (1,000) each year. tenure in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The Student Advisory Board’s Committee on Student 1965 Life proposes “Coeducation Week,” a plan to bring 500 Marie Borof becomes the second woman to be tenured in college-age women to campus. Fify students from secret the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. societies, Dwight Hall, and Students for a Democratic Society organize an ad hoc committee for Coeducation Pauli Murray JSD ’65 becomes the first African American Week to promote dialogue, and demonstrate student to receive a doctorate from Yale Law School. interest in the coeducation debate. 1966 The administration and college masters approve Women are admitted to the Yale School of Forestry, which Coeducation Week. They are in agreement with Aviam had been founded in 1900, and which was the last of the Soifer ’69, who works to organize the event. Soifer says: “To make a valid decision about what women want in a professional schools to admit women. coeducational school, it seems logical to talk to women about it.” MARCH 1966 The Yale Corporation announces that it is in favor of finding a women’s “coordinate college” to address the issue NOVEMBER 1968 of coeducation. Yale begins serious conversations with The Yale Corporation secretly votes in favor of full Vassar that nearly result in Vassar selling its Poughkeepsie coeducation, or accepting women into Yale College, in the campus and moving to New Haven. Vassar ultimately fall of 1969. rejects the proposal, deciding in favor of accepting men into Vassar in the spring of 1969. On November 4th, Coeducation week commences. 750 women from 22 colleges arrive on campus. In the middle 1968 of the week, students hold a spontaneous rally, marching The Brewster administration considers various plans for to President Brewster’s home to demand full coeducation. coordinate college coeducation, including finding a sister school in New Haven - or even on the West Coast. On November 14th, President Brewster announces his coeducation plan to the faculty, who vote 200 to 1 in favor of coeducation. Brewster walks straight from SEPTEMBER 1968 Connecticut Hall to the Trumbull College Dining Hall to President Kingman Brewster, Jr. distributes a announce to the students that Yale will be coeducational memorandum entitled “Higher Education for Women at by the next fall. When he asks the Trumbull men to cede Yale” among members of the Corporation and key faculty their college to the 250 incoming freshman women, the NOVEMBER 1968 APRIL 1969 men refuse. They demand that the women be divided Jokes about the looks of women are popular. Dean of equally among the colleges. Admissions R. Inslee Clark responds by declaring that the beauty of an applicant is not important except in The next day, President Brewster announces publicly contributing to the “attractiveness” of the applicant as a that Yale will enroll 500 women next September – 250 whole. freshmen and 250 transfer students. At the time, he states that the transfer students will be housed of- On motives behind coeducation: “the decision to have campus while freshmen will be housed in one of the women in 1969 was based not on Yale’s seeing her 12 residential colleges. However, the Ofce on the mission as the education of both sexes, but on fears that Coeducation of Women ultimately decides to place the Yale cannot continue to attract the nation’s top males to freshmen women in Vanderbilt Hall and to house transfer a non-coeducated campus.” Paul Taylor, reporter for the women in one entryway in each of the colleges. Yale Daily News. Brewster announces that the Planning Committee One week before acceptance letters are delivered, a on Coeducation will be chaired by Elga Wasserman, widely-cited article by Jonathan Lear ’70 in The New Assistant Dean of the Graduate School.

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