bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 311

Index

Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations.

Admiralty Courts, 51, 203, 206, 224, of Adventure, 255 234, 240, 269 Bath Town, 200, 286 Adventure, 127, 182–83, 201, 202, 206, ’s skull displayed, 265 286 Henrietta Marie, 289 attack on Blackbeard and, 247, of hurricane of 1715, 130 252–54, 257–58, 260 Queen Anne’s Revenge, 144, 178, 249, pirate plunder found on, 273–74 286–93 African American pirates, 44, 48–49, architecture, of buildings 138 of Charles Town, 133 Blackbeard’s crew members on trial, Teach’s Kettle, 200 267–72 See also ships , 44, 257–58, 268, 271 Armada de la Guardia, 103 testimony forbidden from, 268, 275 atlases, 166 See also slavery Auger, John, 221–28 America, personified in illustration, 279 Avery, Henry. See Every, Henry ammunition, 179–80 Anne, queen of , 26, 87, 217 “Bad Usage,” 50 Anstis, Thomas, 101, 195 Baer, Joel, 78 antipiracy campaigns, 103–4, 148 Bahamas, 13–15, 37 America, personified in illustration, economy of, 39–40 279 COPYRIGHTEDNassau, MATERIAL 38 carrot-and-stick policy, 66 New Providence, 34, 36, 39, 73, guard ships used for, 164–67 93–100 pardons, 66, 106–10, 147, 148, 220, as , 36–40, 43 229, 270, 271 (See also individual privateering in, 62–63 names of pirates) trade by, 230–31 pirate ship/warship clashes, 167–71 See also Golden Age of ; Rogers, See also executions; Rogers, Woodes; Woodes Spotswood, Alexander “banyans,” 196, 203–4, 204 archaeological evidence Barker, Andrew, 7

311 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 312

312 INDEX

Barker, John, 7 family of, 10–11, 15 Barnacko, identity of, 116 fictional depictions of, vii, 283–84 Barnet, Jonathan, 120–22, 229 final battle of, 246–57 Barrow (ship captain), 102 ghost legends about, 285, 286 Batchelor’s Adventure, 221, 222, 224 Hands shot by, 159 Bathsheba, 96 homes of, 5–10, 13–15, 186, 196–201, Bath Town, North Carolina, 184–85, 261, 284, 286 196–201 intimidation used by, 62, 91, 156–59, archaeological evidence, 200, 286 167, 175, 180 plunder stores found in, 261 of, 177 Battle of Malplaquet, 214–15 journal of, 159–60 “bay men,” 28 as “Kentish,” 89 Bayne, Anne Butler, 216 legacy of, viii–x, 31, 282–83, 293 Beaufort, North Carolina, 150–51, marriage rumors about, 186, 199, 200 181–82 mentoring of, 35–36, 62–64, 80, 180 Belchin (ship captain), 97 pardon of, 198, 202–5 bell, from Queen Anne’s Revenge, 290 physical appearance of, viii, 4, 91, Bell, William, 275, 276 154–55 Bellamy, Charles, 104 sea knowledge of, 167 Bellamy, Sam, 57, 101 severed head of, 259–60, 260, 264–65 Bendall, George, 226 Blackbeard’s Ghost (Walt Disney), Bennet, Major. See Bonnet, Stede 284 Bennett, Benjamin, 41, 110, 281 Blackbeard’s Point, 264 , trade and, 163 Blackbeard , 284 Bernard, Jonathan, 128 Black Caesar, 44, 257–58, 268, 271 Betty, 68–69 Blair, Reverend James, 210, 213 Beverly, Harry, 100 Blake, James, 268, 272 Bibby, Robert, 90 barrel, 291 Blackbeard, vi, 106, 158 Board of Trade, 210, 217, 229 age of, 41 Bonnet, Stede, viii, 33, 63, 71, 127–28, arrival in Bahamas, 35–36 235, 281 “banyan” with Vane, 203–4, 204, aliases of, 89 281–82 biographical information, 74–76 birthplace of, 5–10, 13–15 Blackbeard and, 70–72, 77–80, 86, Bostock’s account of, 153–55 124, 189–90 Charles Town blockade by, 136–45 capture of, 190–96 (See also Charles Town, South pardon of, 183–85, 187–89 Carolina) Bonny, Anne, 3, 118, 119–22 cognomen attributed to, 154 Bostock, Henry, 90–91, 124, 153–55, crew abandoned by, 181–89, 207 158, 165 death of, 257–59 Gazette, 175 dialect of, 11–12 Boston News Letter, 69 early piratical career of, 40, 43, 64, on Blackbeard’s last battle, 252, 253, 67–68 255, 256, 257, 259 education of, 13–14 on Blackbeard’s whereabouts, 74–75, Edward Teach as, 1, 3–5, 11–13, 77–78, 88 15–16 on Hornigold, 66 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 313

INDEX 313

Brand, Ellis, viii, 159, 201, 205, 206 Blackbeard’s arrival (1718), 130, 136, Blackbeard pursued by, 239–44, 181 252–53, 259 Blackbeard’s departure, 145–51 evidence gathered by, 260–63, 273–78 blockade, events preceding, 123–30 Hands captured by, 267 blockade of, viii–ix, 136–45 Brattler, Nicholas, 57 Charles Town Bar, 136–37, 164 Bristol, England, 5–10, 13–15, 284 economy of, 133–35 British Gazetteer, 247, 253, 255 harbor, 77, 113 Brooks, Joseph, Sr., 259, 281 layout of, 130–33, 135–36 Brown, Nicholas, 104 charts, 166 Brunelle, Eugene, 287 , 26 Bucaniers of America (Esquemeling), 14 Clark (ship captain), 136–37 , 23, 51–52 Cocklyn, Thomas, 102, 220 Buck, 111 Cockram, Philip, 42–43, 67 Burgess, Josias, 224, 231 Codd (ship captain), 69, 70, 75, 79 Burgis, William, 65 colonies Burgiss, Thomas, 104 colonial America, personified, 279 Burns, Robert, 12 government policies of, 210–14 Butler, William, 246, 255 jurisdiction of, 218–19, 223–24 Byrd, William (the Younger), 280 militia of, 212, 233 See also individual colony names Cabot, John, 6–7 Concorde, xiii–xiv, 80–88, 143, 289–92. Cabot, Sebastian, 7 See also Queen Anne’s Revenge Cadogan, 41 Coudon (ship captain), 229, 281 calendars, xiii–xiv, 88 Connecticut, 211 Canonisation of William Defoe, The Cooke, John Esten, 265 (Furbank, Owens), 3 Cordingly, David, 2, 4, 30, 57, 250 Cape May, New Jersey, 73–74 Corioles, Governor, 96 (Defoe), 2 Courant, Peter, 224 captains of pirate ships, 53. See also indi- Craggs (secretary, Board of Trade), 229 vidual names of pirates Craigh (ship captain), 137 , , 29. See also Crowley, 136, 141, 145 individual names of locales Cunningham, William, 224, 226 Carnes, John, 281 Curtice, Joseph, 259 Cary, Thomas (Quaker leader), 197 cutters, 249 Cary (ship captain), 175–76, 177 Cary’s Rebellion, 197 Dampier, William, 14, 26, 28, 30 Catherine of Braganza, 214 Daniel, Robert, 64, 198 chainshot, 179 Daniel, Stephen, 281 Chamberlaine, Edmund, 276 Daniels, Mike, 287 Charles, archduke of Austria, 9 Davis, Howel, 41–42, 50, 58, 101 Charles I, king of England and Scot- Davis, John, 165 land, 38 Davis quadrant, 165 Charles II, king of England and Scot- Deal, Robert, 115–17 land, 214 Defoe, Daniel, 2–3, 13 Charles Town, South Carolina, 131, Defoe in the Pillory and Other Studies 140, 141, 149, 206 (Moore), 2–3 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 314

314 INDEX

Delaware Bay, 164, 167 slave ships of, 162 Delicia, 111–12, 224, 230 Treaty of Utrecht, 26 Demelt, Abraham, 253, 255, 257 War of the Quadrangle Alliance, 119, Depp, Johnny, 284–85 229, 232 diced shot, 179 See also individual names of monarchs Dill (ship captain), 113 England, Edward, 41, 101, 104 doblons (gold coins), 95 English Pilot, 166 Dolzell, Alexander (Dalziel), 34 Ernaud, François, 81, 87 Dosset, Pierre, 80–83, 87–88 Esquemeling, A. O., 14 Dowling, William, 226 Every, Henry, viii, 10, 14 Drake, Francis, 7–8 executions, 33–35, 43, 107, 171 Drummond, Edward, 11 of Auger, 224–28 drunkenness, 55, 57–59, 64, 135 of Blackbeard’s crew, 270–72 Drysdale, Hugh, 280 of Bonnet, 196, 235 Duchess, 13 of Deal, 117 Duke, 13 of Kidd, 34, 35, 43 of Rackam, 122 Eagle, 96 of Vane, 117 Earle, Peter, 16–17, 98 See also antipiracy campaigns; individ- East India Company, 133 ual names of pirates Echeverz y Zubiza, Don Antonio de, 95 Exuma Island, 221 Eden, Charles, viii, 148–50, 199–205, Exuma Sound, 150 218–19, 242 accused of corruption, 233–37, 268, , 65 270, 272, 275, 277–80 Farmer (ship captain), 69 Blackbeard pardoned by, 183, 198 Fife, James, 104 Bonnet pardoned by, 184–85 films, vii, 284–86 on Brand’s property seizure, 262, 272 Fisher, Mel, 21, 130 goods stored by, 261 flags, 174, 176–79, 179, 250 See also North Carolina; Spotswood, flota system, 103, 163 Alexander Flushing, 58 Edenton, 185 Fly, William, 49–50 Elliot, Hugh, 7 Fontaine, John, 215–16 Elliot, Roger, 214 Forbes (ship captain), 100 El Salvador, 286, 287 Fort Sumter, 135 England, 103–4, 164–67 Fortune, 194 Bahamas ownership and, 36, 38 France Bristol, 5–10, 13–15, 284 Haiti and, 125 Cary’s Rebellion, 197 Huguenots, 196–97 Charles Town defense and, 139 sea routes, 163 colonial governments and, 210–14 slave ships, 162 Glorious Revolution, 211, 214 Treaty of Utrecht, 26 Grand Cayman and, 129 Francis, 191 piracy laws of, 106–7 (See also Fulford, Anne. See Bonny, Anne antipiracy campaigns; executions) Furbank, P. N., 3 pirate executions in, 34–35 sea routes, 163 Gale, Wingate, 224 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 315

INDEX 315

Gambia Castle, 45–46, 84 Greyhound of London, 18 Gates, Thomas, 268, 272 Grifón, 96 Gee (ship captain), 84 Guittar, Louis, 34 General History . . . of the most notorious Gulf of Honduras, 124, 127 Pyrates, A (Johnson), vi, vii, 2, 3, 54, guns, 85–86 106, 157, 158 on Adventure, 247 frontispiece, 292 fake, 174 retraction in, 277–78 on Queen Anne’s Revenge, 124, 173, success of, 283 288–90 “Captain Anstis,” 195 on Ranger and Jane, 241–42 “Captain England,” 84, 283 types of, 178–80 “Captain Lowther,” 84 See also weapons; individual names of “Captain Roberts,” 55–56, 84 ships “Captain Teach,” 3–5 “Captain Vane,” 112–13 Halifax, William, 224 See also Johnson, Charles Hamilton, William (governor of the Lee- George I, king of England, 87, 107, 192, ward Islands), 88, 89, 90, 124 211–13, 217, 219 Hamilton, Lord Archibald (governor of petitioned by Rogers, 232 Jamaica), 96–100 Spotswood and, 209 Hammock House, 186 Germania, 216 Hancock, king of Tuscarora Indians, 197 Gibbons, Garret, 2259 Hands, Israel, 128, 157, 159, 181–83, Gills, John, 271 272, 274–75 Giroux, Ray, 287 arrest of, 260 Glorious Revolution, 211, 214 in Bath Town, 245 Goelet (ship captain), 70, 79, 80 depiction of, 283 gold dust, 90–91, 291–92 as informant, 267, 270–71 , viii, 5, 94, 106, Harriot, David, 127, 181, 286 167–71, 293 Haskins (ship captain), 50 links between pirates during, 101–2 Havana, 96, 97 start of, 93–100 health issues, 144–45, 291–92 Good Intent, 72 Henrietta Marie, 19–22, 72, 289 Goonies, The (Spielberg), 284 Henry, 192–96 Gordon, George, 206, 239–44, 257, 258, Henry VII, king of England, 6–7 259, 263, 278 Hewes (ship captain), 137 Gosse, Philip, 4 Hildesley, Rowland, 230 Governor’s Council, 212 Hipps, John, 224, 225, 226 Gow, John, 44–45 Hispaniola, 36–37, 125–27 Grand Cayman, 129 HMS Bedford, 244 Granville, John, Earl of Bath, 196 HMS Diamond, 97, 104, 110 grapeshot, 179, 249 HMS Dragon, 103–4 Great Allen, 88 HMS Flamborough, 230 Greensail, Richard, 271 HMS Jamaica, 104 Gregorian calendar, xiii–xiv, 88 HMS Lyme, 73, 201, 205, 239–44, 257, Gregory XIII, xiii 263, 273 grenades (grenadoes), 179–80, 254–55, HMS Milford, 111 291 HMS Pearl, 206, 239–44, 263, 273 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 316

316 INDEX

HMS Phoenix, 73, 110, 147 Jay, John, (the Younger), 6 HMS Roebuck, 104 Jennings, Henry, viii, 42–43, 67, 96–100, HMS Rose, 111–12 102, 107–10, 112, 130, 219 HMS Scarborough, 74, 90, 123, 125–26, Johnson, Charles, vi, vii, 1–5, 54, 84, 167–71 283 HMS Southampton, 103–4 on “Blackbeard” cognomen, 154 HMS Swallow, 168–71, 179 Blackbeard meeting with, 157 HMS Tryal, 104 on Blackbeard’s , 285–86 Hobhouse, Benjamin, 89 coined “Golden Age of Piracy,” viii Holford (ship captain), 116–17 retraction by, 277–78 Holland, 26 on Teach as Blackbeard, 11–13 Holloway, John, 205–6, 212, 219, 277 on unjustness of Blackbeard’s death, Hornigold, Benjamin, viii, 5, 14, 30, 42, 280 53, 59, 98–102 See also General History . . . of the as Blackbeard’s mentor, 35–36, 62–64, most notorious Pyrates, A (Johnson) 80, 180 Johnson, Robert, 139–42, 146, 148, 171, continued “war” by, 66–67 192 Cunningham and, 226 Bonnet and, 217–18 deposed as captain, 66–67, 70 on weapons, 288–89 disappearance of, 231–32 Jolly Roger, 176 pardon of, 65–66, 108–10, 147 Joy, Richard, 88–89 pirate hunting by, 112, 113, 219–23 Juan Fernandez (island), 13 pursuit of Rackam by, 228 Julian calendar, xiii–xiv, 88 House of Burgesses, 213 Howard, William, 61, 65, 68–69, 205–7, Kecoughton, Virginia, 239 212, 271 Keith, William, 201–2, 204–5 Hoyo Solórzano, Don Juan de, 96, 97 Kennedy, Walter, 52, 101 Huguenots, 196–97 Kerr, James, 222, 224 Hume, Francis, 89, 90, 125–26 Kidd (ship captain), 34, 35, 43, 76, 285 Hunter, Robert, 148 Knight, Thomas (pirate), 89 hurricanes, 73, 93–100, 130 Knight, Tobias (deputy governor, North Husk, John, 259 Carolina), viii, 198–200, 203, Hyde, Mister (naval officer), 243, 245, 234–37, 278 247, 250 corruption charges, 274–75, 276 Hyde, Thomas, 197 death of, 277 goods possessed by, 261, 268–69 indentured servants, 43–44 letter to Blackbeard by, 236–37, 245, Intersal, 286–88 268 Konstam, Angus, 265, 289 Jackson, Nathaniel, 259 “Jamaica Discipline,” 51–52 La Bouse, Olivier (“The Buzzard”), 102, James II, king of England (also James 104, 281 VII, king of Scotland), 44, 87, 211, La Concorde. See Concorde 214 lagrange, 179 James (ship captain), 128 Lancaster, 221, 222, 224 Jamestown, 263 La Paix, 34 Jane, 241–44, 247, 250–60, 260, 263–64 Laventon Galley, 50 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 317

INDEX 317

Lawes, Nicholas, 44 Mary, 99 Lawson, John, 197 , 211, 212 Lee, Robert E., 11, 39, 74–75, 202, 274 Massey (ship captain), 46 Leeward Islands, 123 Master of Ballantrae, The (Stevenson), Lewis, William, 226 283 “Life of Captain Anstis, The” (Johnson), Masters, John, 192–93 195 Masters, Phil, 287 “Life of Captain England, The” Mauvaise Rencontre, 87 (Johnson), 84, 283 Maynard, Robert, viii, 4, 159, 248 “Life of Captain Lowther, The” Blackbeard pursued by, 242–46 (Johnson), 84 Blackbeard’s battle with, 246–57 “Life of Captain Roberts, The” Blackbeard’s head displayed by, (Johnson), 55–56, 84 259–60, 260, 263–64 “Life of Captain Teach, The” (Johnson), casualties tended by, 258–59 3–5 death of, 274 “Life of Captain Vane, The” (Johnson), reward promised to, 243–44, 261, 112–13 272–74 Ling, William, 226 McCarty, Dennis, 227 liquor, pirates and, 55, 57–59, 64, 135 medical supplies, as ransom, 142–45, Logan, James, 104–5 291–92 logwood, 28 merchant seamen l’Olonnais, Jean, 23 ages of, 47 Lords Proprietor, 211 civilians in pursuit of Blackbeard, 243 Louis XIV, king of France, 9 defense against pirates by, 173–74, 178 Lowther, George, 45–46, 46, 84 lifestyle of, 16–17 Ludwell, Philip, (the Younger), 209–10, mistreatment of, 47, 49–51, 145–46 213, 279–80 as pirates, 40–42 lumber mercury, 144, 291–92 archaeological evidence, 290 Mercy, 18 trade of, 134 Mesnier, Charles, 87–88 Lusardi, Wayne, 289 Middle Passage, 17–22, 81–82. See also trade Mainwaring (ship captain), 192, 194 militia, of colonies, 212, 233 maps, 166 Miller, Thomas, 251, 259 Atlantic seaboard (1718), 149 Mona Passage, 126 of Bahamas, 37 Montaudouin, René, 80, 83–84 Charles Town, 131 Montserrat Merchant, 89 Ocracoke Inlet, 188 Moody, Christopher, 176 Spanish Main, 29 Moore, Dave, 288, 289 Margaret, 90, 153–55 Moore, John R., 2–3 Mariner’s Museum, 265 Morgan, Henry, 24, 66 Maritime Research Institute, 287 Morris, Lewis, 65 Marks, Master, 143–45 Morris, Thomas, 226 Marlborough, duke of (John Churchill), Morton, Philip, 247, 250, 259 214–15 Munthe, Mathew, 64, 67, 71–72 Martel, John, 18, 104 musicians, on pirate ships, 56, 57 Martin, John, 271 Musson (ship captain), 79, 104 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 318

318 INDEX

Orkney, 1st earl of (George Hamilton), Gambia Castle, 84 215, 217 pirate recruits from, 44–46, 49 Outer Banks, North Carolina, 150–51. Myngs, Christopher, 23 See also Bath Town, North Carolina; Ocracoke Inlet; Ocracoke Island Nassau, Bahamas, 38 Owens, W. R., 3 navigation, 165, 290–91. See also maps Navigation Acts, 211 Paix, 34 Neptune, 169 Palmer, Joseph, 77 New Division, 89 Pamlico Sound, 243 New Providence, 34, 36, 39 Peabody-Essex Museum, 265 as center of Golden Age of Piracy, 93 Pearce, Vincent, 110, 147 hurricane of 1715, 73, 93–100 Pearl, 116, 253 map of, 37 Pennsylvania, 201–2, 204–5 See also Bahamas Phenney, George, 232 New Style calendar, xiii–xiv Philips, Joseph, 271 Newton, Robert, 284 Philip V, king of Spain, 9, 26 New York, 217–18 Phillips, John, 50, 101 Nicholson (governor of South Carolina), pinks, 138 132 pirates Norfolk, England, 62 age of, 47 North, Edward, 110 America, personified in illustration, North Carolina, 148, 242 279 circumvented by Spotswood, 242 Bahamas as haven for, 36–40, 43 defense of, 233 “banyans,” 196, 203–4, 204 economy of, 148 bounties offered for, 108 as proprietary colony, 211 , 200, 285 Vice-Admiralty Court, 203, 234, 269 captains, 53 See also Eden, Charles; Spotswood, census of, 102, 104–6 Alexander crew sizes, 86 North Carolina Department of Cultural female, 3, 118, 119–22, 121 Resources, 287–88 flags of, 174, 176–79, 179 North Carolina Maritime Museum, 287, Golden Age of Piracy, viii, 5, 93–102, 288 106, 167–71, 293 North Carolina Underwater Archaeol- indentured servants as, 43–44 ogy Unit, 287 indulgence by, 57–59 North East Trades, 163–64 intimidation used by, 155–58 Nuestra Señora de Athocha, 21 Jacobean cause of, 87, 191–92 motivation of, 47, 49–51, 145–46 Ocracoke Inlet, 188 music of, 56, 57 Ocracoke Island, 180, 189, 196, 204, mutineers as, 44–46 251 nationalities of, 47–49 Blackbeard attacked near, 246 in , 24–25 plunder stores found in, 260 privateersmen as, 8–9, 39–40, 42–43, Odel, Samuel, 267–68, 270 62–63 Ogle, Chaloner, 168–71 quartermasters, 53–54 Onslow, 84 seaman volunteers, 40–42 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 319

INDEX 319

ships converted by, 84, 102–3, 105–6 Rackam, “Calico” Jack, viii, 57, 101, signals between, 166 104, 105, 114–15, 231 slaves as, 44, 48–49, 138, 257–58, capture of, 117–22 267–72, 285 pirate career relaunched by, 228–29 social organization (“code”) of, 51–59, Raleigh Tavern, 265 156 Ranger, 63, 79, 110–13, 168, 203–4, 263 tactics used to attack ships, 161–67, Blackbeard pursued by, 241–44 174–80, 244–45 casualties on, 252, 257–59 violent nature of, 158–59 run aground, 253–54 warships, clashes with, 167–71 Swallow and, 169–71 See also executions; Golden Age of Raymond (ship captain), 204–5 Piracy; individual names of pirates Read, Mary, 3, 120, 121 Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of reals ( coins), 95 the Black Pearl (Walt Disney), Redcliffe, England, 13, 15 284–85 Rediker, Marcus, 45, 102, 105 Plumb, Commander, 41 Revenge, 63, 68, 69, 72–74, 78–80, 88, Plum Point, 199 126 Pollock, Thomas, 151, 262, 274, 278 Bonnet’s pursuit of Blackbeard with, Pomeroy (ship captain), 112, 113 190–91 Porter, Thomas, 77, 104 in Charles Town, 181 Port Royal, Jamaica, 22–25, 27 crew pardoned, 185 Portugal, 26, 27 reclaimed by Bonnet, 187–89 Powder Magazine, 133 as Royal James, 191–96 Prichard (ship captain), 70 Rhett, Sarah, 192 Princess, 41–42 Rhett, William, 192–96, 217–18 privateering, 8–9 Rhett Mansion, 133 Bahamas economy and, 39–40 , 211 by Hornigold, 62–63 rice, 133–34 privateersmen turned pirates, 42–43 Richards, Richard, 104, 128, 143, 146, proprietary colonies, defined, 210–11 181 Protestant Caesar, 128, 173–74 rigging, 86 Rivington, Charles, 1, 2, 277 Quakers, 197 Robbins, James, 271 quartermasters, role of, 53–54 Robenson, Thomas, 225 Queen Anne’s Creek, 185, 198 Robert, 72 Queen Anne’s Revenge, 71, 80–88, 124, Roberts, Bartholomew, viii, 3, 41–42, 54, 157 55–57, 84, 87, 168, 175–77 archaeological evidence from, 144, Davis and, 101 178, 249, 286–93 death of, 168–71 in Charles Town Harbor, 130, 136, weapons of, 178–79 137 Roberts, Owen, 259 guns of, 249 (Defoe), 2, 13 and HMS Scarborough, 89–90 Rogers, Woodes, 13–15, 66, 67, 148–50 La Concorde capture, 80–88, antipiracy patrol by, 219–23 289–92 Auger and, 221–28 run aground, 182–84 authority of, 107 seaworthiness of, 173 as , 227 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 320

320 INDEX

Rogers, Woodes (continued) silver, 94–100, 130 death of, 232 Sipkins (ship captain), 69–70 Hornigold and, 63 Skinner (ship captain), 41 Jennings and, 100 skull, of Blackbeard, 265 legacy of, 232–33 Skyrm (ship captain), 169 New Providence defense and, 229–30 slavery, 44, 48–49, 61, 138 pardon offer reissued by (1719), 229 Bristol, England, and, 6 pirate population before, 102, 104–6 Henrietta Marie, 19–22 Rackam and, 119, 120 Middle Passage, 17–22, 81–82 “set a thief to catch a thief” policy, 113 rice cultivation and, 134 Vane and, 111–17 slaving voyages, 81–84, 162 roundshot, 179 See also African American pirates; trade Rounsivel, George, 226–28 “Slave Ship Speaks: The Wreck of the Rover, 55 Henrietta Marie, A,” 21 Rowling, Charles, 116 sloops, 20, 173 Royal Africa Company, 17, 84 Slush, Barnaby, 55 royal colonies, defined, 211 Snelgrave, William, 50, 58 Royal Fortune, 55, 168, 168–71, 175–76, South Carolina. See Charles Town, 178–79 South Carolina Royal James, 191–96. See also Revenge Spain, 139 Rupert, prince, 8 Bahamas ownership and, 36, 38 Rush, Geoffrey, 284 buccaneers and, 23 Russel (ship captain), 45–46 exploration by, 6 flota system, 103, 163 Sabatini, Rafael, 283–84 Grand Cayman and, 129 Salter, Edward, 271 sea routes of, 162–63 salvage rights, 203, 217, 234, 275, 280 silver of, 94–100, 103 Samana Bay, 124–25 Treaty of Madrid, 26, 27 Samuel, 87, 175–76, 177 War of the Quadrangle Alliance, 119, Santo Domingo, 125 229, 232 Saunders (ship captain), 18 Spanish Main, 29 Scotland, dialect of, 11–12 Spielberg, Steven, 284 Sea Nymph, 70, 79, 192–96 Spotswood, Alexander, viii, 65, 66, 72, Selkirk, Alexander, 13, 26 99–100, 148, 205–10, 213, 216–17 Shark, 111–12, 113 accusations against Eden, 233–37, ships, 82 272–79 cutters, 249 attack on Blackbeard planned by, fighting maneuvers of, 161–67, 239–44 174–80, 244–45 authority of, 107 pinks, 138 biographical information, 213–16 pirate ship conversion, 84, 102–3, on Blackbeard’s death, 259 105–6 Brand’s property seizure and, 260–63 rates of, 241 death of, 280 rigging, 86 Howard and, 62, 68 sloops, 20, 173 motivation of, 282 sweeps, 250 North Carolina jurisdiction usurped See also individual ship names by, 218–19 bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 321

INDEX 321

removed from office, 216, 279–80 Treaty of Madrid, 129 reward offered by, 243–44, 261, Treaty of Utrecht, 26 272–74 Turkill, 129 Rogers and, 232 Tuscarora Indians, 197 trial of Blackbeard’s crew, 264, 267–72 Tyzard (ship captain), 84 See also Virginia Spotswood, Anne Butler Bayne, 216 University of North Carolina, 287 Spotswood, Catherine Maxwell, 214 Upshur, Thomas T., 5–6 Spotswood, Robert, 214 Ustinov, Peter, 284 Spotsylvania County, Virginia, 216 St. Domingue, 125 Vane, Charles, viii, 53, 101, 104, 109, St. George, 26 171, 192, 220, 228, 281 Stevenson, Robert Louis, vii, 283 “banyan” with Blackbeard, 203–4, 204, Stiles, Richard, 268, 272 282 sugar, 134 in Carolina waters, 140–41, 164 sweeps, 250 at Ocracoke, 193, 196 syphilis, 144–45, 291–92 pardon resisted by, 110–17 violent nature of, 158–59 Tangier, 214 venereal disease, 144–45, 291–92 Taylor, John, 19–21 Vernon (ship captain), 117 Taylor (ship captain of Boston), 88 Virginia Taylor (ship captain of Philadelphia), antipiracy efforts of, 148 204–5 colonial government of, 210–14 Teach, Edward, 1, 3–5, 11–13, 15–16. government organization of, 210–14 See also Blackbeard Spotswood removed from office, 216, Teach’s Kettle, 200 279–80 Teach’s Oak, 286 See also Spotswood, Alexander Thatch, Edward. See Teach, Edward Virgin, 100 Thomas (ship captain), 190. See also Voyages and Descriptions (Dampier), 14, Bonnet, Stede 30 Thompson (ship captain), 113 timber, of Queen Anne’s Revenge, 290 wagoners (charts), 166 Tisdell, Hosea, 118, 122 Walpole, Robert, 280 tobacco, 134, 215, 233 Walt Disney, 284 Tobacco Act in 1713, 215 War of the Grand Alliance, 9–10, 11 Tongue of the Ocean, 150 War of the Quadrangle Alliance, 119, Topsail Inlet, 150, 157, 160–61, 182, 201 229, 232 (island), 23 War of the Spanish Succession, 25–27, trade, 134 42, 66 Bahamian, 230–31 Watson, John F., 265 Board of Trade, 210, 217, 229 weapons Navigation Acts, 211 grenades (grenadoes), 179–80, 254–55, prices of goods, 28–30 291 sea routes for, 161–67 of Queen Anne’s Revenge, 124, 173, “triangular,” 17 288–90 See also slavery types of, 178–80 (Stevenson), vii, 283 See also guns bindex.qxd 4/24/06 11:42 AM Page 322

322 INDEX

West (ship captain), 102 wine, pirates and, 55, 57–59, 64, 135 White, James, 57, 268, 272 Winter, Charles, 41, 101 Whydah, 57, 289 Wolff, 220–21 William III, king of England, 106–7, Woodall, Nicholas, 220 206, 210, 214, 217 Woodbury, George, 39 William & Martha, 110 Woodward, Henry, 133 William (sloop), 120, 229 Worley, Richard, 207 William (merchantship), 137 Wragg, Samuel, 142, 143 Williams, Paul, 104 Wragg, William, 143 Williamsburg, 209, 264, 265. See also Wyar (Weir) (ship captain), 128 Virginia wind, 172–73 Yeats (ship quartermaster), 113 Windward Passage, 36–38, 115, 161 yellow fever, 144–45