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Zbornik DRUGI DEO Security Crises Security Crises in the 21st Century and How to Manage Them COVID-19 Health and safety aspects, Volume 2 Proceedings of the international scientific conference held online, October 13 and 14, 2020 ISBN: 978-86-902810-2-2 CARUK, HUMS, IRMO and Libertas, Belgrade, 2021. PUBLISHERS: Center for Risk Analysis and Crisis Management (CARUK), Belgrade, Serbia Institute for Development and International Relations (IRMO), Zagreb, Croatia Croatian Association for International Studies (HUMS), Zagreb, Croatia Institute for Standardization of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia EDITORS: Prof. dr Elizabeta Ristanović, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia Mr.sc. Krševan Antun Dujmović, Institute for Development and International Relations Dr Marija Đorić, Institute for Political Studies, Serbia REWIEVERS: – Colonel prof. dr sc. med Dragan Mikić, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia – Prof. dr Zoran Jeftić, Faculty of Security Studies, Serbia – General prof. dr Veljko Todorović, Serbian Military Medical Headquarters EDITORIAL BOARD: – Prof. dr Zoran Keković, Faculty of Security Studies, Serbia – Dr Marija Đorić, Institute for Political Studies, Serbia – Doc. dr sc. Jadranka Polović, Libertas International University, Croatia – Dr sc. Jadranka Dujić Furlan, Croatian Association for International Studies, Croatia – Prof. dr Elizabeta Ristanović, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia – Prof. dr Mirsada Hukić, Academy of Science and Arts of B&H, European Academy of Science (EAS), Faculty of Medicine of the University in Tuzla, B&H – Prof. dr Drago Nedić, Commission for Zoonoses in Republica Srpska, B&H – Prof. dr Elmedin Muratbegović, Faculty of Criminalistics, Criminology and Security Studies, University of Sarajevo, B&H – Prof. dr Nebojša Kavarić, European Center for Peace and Development, UN University, University of Montenegro – Prof. dr Denis Ĉaleta, Faculty of Administrative and European Studies, Ljubljana, Slovenia – Prof. dr Ţelimir Kešetović, Faculty of Security Studies, Belgrade, Serbia – Nevena Stanković, PhD candidate, Faculty of Security Studies, Belgrade, Serbia Technical Assistant: Nataša Miletić Printed by: Jovšić Printing Centar Copies: 200 Security Crises in the 21st Century and How to Manage Them: Health and safety aspects, Volume 2 (Proceedings of the international scientific conference held online, October 13 and 14, 2020; Organizers: Center for Risk Analysis and Crisis Management from Belgrade (CARUK), Croatian Association for International Studies (HUMS), Institute for Development and International Relations (IRMO) and the Libertas International University. Security Crises in the 21st Century and How to Manage Them: Vol. 2 C O N T E N T EDITORIAL............................................................................................................... 3 PART ONE: SECURITY ASPECTS OF COVID-19 ............................................. 9 Elizabeta Ristanović, Saša Zejak HEALTH AND SECURITY ASPECTS OF COVID-19 IN THE PRISM OF REAL TIME ............................................................................. 10 Zoran Keković, Nevena Stanković LEADERSHIP IN THE COVID-19 CRISIS AS A SECURITY ISSUE .................. 23 Nataša Miletić THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON HUMAN SECURITY ........ 37 Vanja Glišin GEOPOLITICAL ASPECTS OF THE MIGRATION CRISIS IN THE SHADOW OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC – STATE AND THREATS .......................................................................................... 52 PART TWO: COVID-19: REGIONAL AND NATIONAL APPROACHES .... 70 Robert Mikac, Davor Spevec RESPONSE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION TO THE COVID-19 CRISIS ............. 71 Ana Gligić, Nenad Kokoškov, Jelena Protić, Maja Stanojević, Elizabeta Ristanović EXPERIENCES OF LABORATORY RESEARCH OF DANGEROUS VIRUSES ISOLATED FROM THE TERRITORY OF THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA AND COMPARISON WITH SARS-KOV-2 VIRUS ................... 83 Mirsada Hukic, Mirza Ponjavic RESPONSE OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND ARTS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA TO THE EPIDEMIC SECURITY CRISIS CAUSED BY COVID-19 ........................................................ 97 Drago Nedić SARS-COV-2 AND COVID-19 – EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT ......................................................... 105 Golubinka Boshevska, Dragan Kocinski SURVEILLANCE OF SARS-CoV-2 IN REPUBLIC OF N. MACEDONIA ........ 116 Verica Jovanovic COVID-19 EPIDEMIC IN SERBIA ....................................................................... 126 1 Security Crises in the 21st Century and How to Manage Them: Vol. 2 Vera Areţina, Nenad Spasojević ATTITUDES OF THE CITIZENS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA ABOUT THE COVID-19 VIRUS ............................................................................ 136 Luka Glušac SERBIA AND COVID-19: THE STATE OF EMERGENCY AS A STATE OF UNCERTAINTY ........................................................................ 150 Andrija Mladenović NOTION OF MORALITY IN DEFINITION OF INTELLECTUALS: INTELLECTUAL ELITE DURING THE COVID-19 CRISIS IN SERBIA .......... 164 AUTHORIZED SPEECHES FROM THE CONFERENCE ............................. 181 Velo Markovski COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A DANGEROUS DISEASE, PANIC REACTION OR A WAR ............................................................................ 182 Gordan Lauc ANALYSIS OF PANDEMIC COVID-19................................................................ 188 Miljan Ranĉić WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION AND COVID-19 ....................................... 192 Damir Trut COVID-19 CRISIS IN CROATIA ........................................................................... 197 Nebojša Kavarić EXPERIENCES AND CHALLENGES IN MONTENEGRO DURING THE FIGHT AGAINST COVID-19 ........................................................ 202 Nela Sršen COVID-19 IN ITALY .............................................................................................. 205 2 Security Crises in the 21st Century and How to Manage Them: Vol. 2 EDITORIAL Dear readers, I am honored that I had a chance to be a moderator during this such significant, but unfortunately quite rare conference, which represents another paradox of the crisis that has befallen us. This conference had the same task of enabling exchange of experience, ideas and opinions, thus gathering the biggest professional and scientific authorities, function holders, members of crisis teams, headquarters and bodies that served on the frontline of the fight against the pandemic in our region, as well as experts from the WHO. More than a year has already passed since the WHO officially declared COVID- 19 pandemic. This virus, that is, a small particle from the family of coronavirus we all encountered before, a sibling of SARS and MERS viruses which emerged in 2003 and 2013 in China and in the Middle East, seemed to be somewhere far away from us, but still managed to paralyze the planet, cause fear, lock and distance people and destroy economy. Until today, according to official statistics, it has taken almost three million of lives. We are constantly overwhelmed with figures on a daily basis, but it still seems that we are lacking precise analysis, as well as expert discussion, scientific polemic and public debate. So, we still do not have any precise analysis regarding the exact number of individuals that have passed away due to coronavirus, as well as which comorbities are most often present. People ask themselves why so many PCR analyses are being conducted if diagnosis could be clinically given, what is with the immune response, especially the cell response, given that studies conducted in Hong-Kong, China, Singapore show that memory cells still remember their encounter with SARS virus. There is no clear response to the question where did the flu go and why is this virus still acting so atypical in the sense of seasonality, but also regarding the receptors to which it bounds, clinical image, reaction to medicine. Everything in life flows and changes. So does the virus as well. Nowadays, we are speaking of numerous mutations of the said virus; we are still searching for its origin, we raise the issue whether it all started in Wuhan, in the nature, or in a laboratory. In the meantime, people are dying from malicious and other illnesses, and drained healthcare systems busy with dealing with COVID are facing collapse in many countries. In the beginning of the pandemic, the American president of the time, Donald Trump, stated the following: This is war. And he hit the bullseye. Because, behind the curtain of the fight with the virus, other geopolitical, socio-psychological, intelligence-security and media fights were going on in the background from the mere beginning. You will read of this in these proceedings, in the papers written by numerous experts from our region. Even the production of vaccines turned into a fierce geopolitical game. The first vaccine to see the light of the day was the Sputnik V vaccine, produced at the Gamaleya Russian Research Institute, which was also the only one in the world to produce the vaccine against Ebola, also based on human 3 Security Crises in the 21st Century and How to Manage Them: Vol. 2 adenovirus as a carrier. Soon afterwards arrived the RNK vaccine produced by Pfizer and Moderna, and then the one produced by Chinese Sinopharm, based on killed virus particles. Therefore, the most powerful actors on the world scene were also the fastest in this field. A fierce fight commenced, equally fierce as the fight for Arctic or the space, which has turned into legitimate battlefields. The race was joined by Astra Zeneca and the Oxford University,
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