The Transracialization of the African-American Spanish Speaker

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Transracialization of the African-American Spanish Speaker AFRO-AMERICANO: THE TRANSRACIALIZATION OF THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN SPANISH SPEAKER by JOHN M. FLANAGAN A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Latin American, Iberian and Latino Cultures in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2020 © 2020 JOHN M. FLANAGAN All Rights Reserved ii Afro-Americano: The Transracialization of the African-American Spanish Speaker by John M. Flanagan This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Latin American, Iberian and Latino Cultures in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 20, 2020 Cecelia Cutler ___________________ _____________________________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee April 20, 2020 Carlos Riobó ___________________ _____________________________________________ Date Executive Officer Supervisory Committee: José del Valle Miki Makiha ra THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Afro-Americano: The Transracialization of the African-American Spanish Speaker by John M. Flanagan Advisor: Cecelia Cutler Transracialization is not a biological term connoting the change of one’s skin tone to become a member of a different race. Its definition has its roots in racialization—the ideological process that describes how one assembles ideas about groups based on their race and decides, for example, what a ‘Black’ person is and how ‘Black’ people speak. Thus, transracialization is a linguistic term that describes the political and sociocultural act of recontextualizing one’s phenotype with the use of language, and in so doing, upending the observers’ stereotypical expectations of who one is (Alim 2016). This dissertation deals with how Spanish influences and transforms the identity of minoritized groups like African-Americans in the U.S. context. I define the term ‘Afro-Americano’ as a/an Black/African-American who has lived a Hispanic/Latinx experience in the United States, most notably demonstrated by a proficiency in the Spanish language and affiliation and/or participation in the cultural practices of one or more Hispanic/Latinx cultures. This study interviewed and analyzed African-Americans (in both multi ethnic urban communities as well as on social media platforms like YouTube) who are modifying definitive racial labels and boundaries by becoming pedagogues of Spanish, speaking the language in their homes, communities, schools and jobs. The main questions that the project seeks to answer are; 1. How do daily interactions in conversational Spanish shape the lives of African-Americans? 2. How do these speakers perceive themselves in relation to Hispanics and iv other African-Americans and vice-versa? 3. Do Afro-Americanos consciously use their Black bodies in service of a transraced identity and if so, how? and 4. How does racialization manifest and become challenged at the racio/ethno/linguistic 3-way intersection between Blackness, African-American ethnicity, and the Spanish language. The four major themes that emerged in the analysis as crucial to understanding African-Americans who occupy transracialized identities are: motivation in Spanish language acquisition, the ‘shocked’ reactions of interlocutors, the mechanics of transracialization and the repertoire of identities, and Afro-Americanismo as an agent of social and political change. v ACKNOWLEDGEMETNS First, I would like to attempt the impossible task of articulating how grateful I am to Dr. José del Valle. In the fall of 2013, I was a displaced high-school Spanish teacher with a vision of the direction I wanted my career to take. José was gracious enough to see the potential in me. His overall intelligence and knowledge about Spanish, languages, history, and politics is a road map for my self-development, both personally and professionally. Without his powerful influence during the first semesters of this Ph.D. program, I would not have grown into the academic I have become. José is truly a remarkable professor that I am blessed to have worked with. In Lunenberg and Irby’s (2008) work, Writing a successful thesis or dissertation: Tips and strategies for students in the social and behavioral sciences, they mention two key factors that are the most important issues to consider when choosing a dissertation adviser: the accessibility and feedback turnaround times of the professor. I could not be more grateful that I asked Dr. Cecelia Cutler to be my dissertation adviser. Over the course of this years-long process, we’ve discussed my proposal at The Graduate Center, talked about IRB guidelines over coffee at 61 Local in Brooklyn, talked on the phone, emailed, and texted at a moment’s notice about every draft of every chapter in this dissertation. Not only did Professor Cutler go above and beyond in the areas of accessibility and feedback, but she also was able to help me articulate and fine tune a vision and strategy for my work going forward. I credit a tremendous amount of the ideological underpinnings of this dissertation to Dr. Miki Makihara’s seminar on Language Ideologies. The reading I accomplished in her class gave me an incredible and comprehensive exposure to areas of sociolinguistics that later became necessary for exploring this topic. It was under Professor Makihara’s guidance that I deepened vi my thinking about how the knowledge of Spanish has shaped my life path and identity as an African-American. Throughout every stage of my life, my parents have continued to support my decisions with their steadfast love. I relied heavily on their support system during the challenging months of the writing process. The blessing of having parents that always ‘got my back’ has allowed me to flourish. Lastly, I’d like to thank my Creator for an incredible journey through my inner world over the past six years, and for helping me find my peace, my joy, and my voice. vii CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………..……..……..xi LIST OF FIGURES………………………………………………………………………...……xii CHAPTER 1 Introduction…………………………………………….……………...……….…1 1.0 Afro-Americano…………………………………………………...………………1 1.1 African-Americans as chameleons…………………………………..……………3 1.2 “Changing the often veiled and subconscious ways in which people perceive and decide what a Black person is…”…………………………………..…….……….5 CHAPTER 2 Literature Review……………….…….…………………………………………11 2.0 Introduction to literature review…………………………………………………11 2.1 The education of the Afro-Americano: A two-step approach— Dual language immersion and parent involvement……………………………...12 2.2 Afro-Americano: A process of transracialization. A shifting state of mind is a shifting identity……………………………………18 2.3 The Black body as an agent of change…………………………………………..27 2.4 Upending expectations: the language of emergence……………...……………..35 2.5 Conclusions…………………………….………………………………………..39 CHAPTER 3 Methodology………………….……………………………………………...….40 3.0 Introduction to methodology…….………………………………………………40 3.1 Locating the Researcher………………………………………………………….41 3.2 The Communities…………………….…………………………………….…….45 3.3 Recruiting Subjects…………………………………...………………………….45 viii 3.4 The 20 Participants……………………………………………………...……….48 3.5 Ethnographic techniques and methods……………………………………….…..48 3.6 The Interviews……………………………………………………...…………....50 3.7 Preliminary Interview Questions………………………………………………...51 3.8 The Observations…………………………………………………………….…..53 3.9 Digital Journals…………………………………………………………………..56 3.10 Networked Multilingualism & Social Media…………………………………….58 3.11 Online Ethnography………………………………………………………...……60 3.12 Protecting the identity of subjects………………………………………………..63 3.13 The intersection of ‘Black’ and ‘Spanish’: objects vs. constructs…………….....64 CHAPTER 4 Discussion of Data……………………………………………….………………66 4.1 Motivation and the Spanish Language Acquisition of the Afro-Americano……..67 4.1A Positive experiences in school and the community……………………………...67 4.1B Proximity Effects…………………………………………………………...……73 4.1C Motivation and Learning Spanish through Media………………………….……78 4.1D Romantic Encounters with Spanish Speakers………………………………..…..85 4.1E Passing as Latinx/Hispanic……………………………………………………....88 4.2 Shocked: The Unexpected Emergence of Blackness in Spanish-Speaking Spaces…………………………………………...……………………………….93 4.2A Latinx/Hispanic Reactions to Afro-Americanismo…………………………..…..93 4.2B African-American Reactions to Afro-Americanismo………………………………104 4.3 Afro-Americanismo: The process of transracialization and the repertoire of identities……………………………………………….……………….……….107 4.3A Are you ‘Black’ or ‘Spanish?’………………………………………………….107 ix 4.3B Afro-Americanismo and Self-Development………………………………….…114 4.3C Positioning: Navigating the Latinx/Hispanic World as an Afro-Americano...…119 4.3D Afro-Americanismo and Gay Male Sexuality…………………………………..126 4.4 Afro-Americanismo as an Agent of Change…………………………………….133 4.5 Conclusion: Are you Afro-Americano?...............................................................144 CHAPTER 5 The Networked Multilingualism of Afro-Americanos on YouTube……………147 5.1 Constructing a transracial ethnolinguistic identity while, “Not trying to be something I’m not.” ………………………………………………...………….149 5.2 Establishing Relationships: community building through networked multilingualism on social media………………………………………………..164 5.3 Second Language Acquisition: teaching and learning………………...………..175 5.4 Transracial Afro-Americanos on YouTube: reactions from viewers…………...185 5.5 Conclusion…………………………………………………………..………….209 CHAPTER 6 Conclusion………………...……………………………………………………213 6.1 Chapter by chapter
Recommended publications
  • Attitudes Towards Linguistic Diversity in the Hebrew Bible
    Many Peoples of Obscure Speech and Difficult Language: Attitudes towards Linguistic Diversity in the Hebrew Bible The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Power, Cian Joseph. 2015. Many Peoples of Obscure Speech and Difficult Language: Attitudes towards Linguistic Diversity in the Hebrew Bible. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23845462 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA MANY PEOPLES OF OBSCURE SPEECH AND DIFFICULT LANGUAGE: ATTITUDES TOWARDS LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN THE HEBREW BIBLE A dissertation presented by Cian Joseph Power to The Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts August 2015 © 2015 Cian Joseph Power All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Professor Peter Machinist Cian Joseph Power MANY PEOPLES OF OBSCURE SPEECH AND DIFFICULT LANGUAGE: ATTITUDES TOWARDS LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN THE HEBREW BIBLE Abstract The subject of this dissertation is the awareness of linguistic diversity in the Hebrew Bible—that is, the recognition evident in certain biblical texts that the world’s languages differ from one another. Given the frequent role of language in conceptions of identity, the biblical authors’ reflections on language are important to examine.
    [Show full text]
  • Europeanness in Aarhus 2017'S Programme of Events: Identity
    Culture, Practice & Europeanization, 2020, Vol. 5, No. 1, 16-33 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Europeanness in Aarhus 2017’s programme of events: Identity constructions and narratives Antoinette Fage-Butler ([email protected]), Katja Gorbahn ([email protected]) Aarhus University, Denmark _________________________________________________________________________ According to EU cultural policy, European Capitals of Culture (ECOCs) should include a ‘Eu- ropean dimension’ that promotes cultural collaborations across EU countries and high- lights the diversity and similarity of European cultures. However, the European dimension has been underplayed in ECOC events (Lähdesmäki, 2014b) and has not been particularly visible in official communication about ECOC events (European Commission, 2010). The purpose of this study is to investigate narratives of Europeanness that provide templates for identification in the official programme of events for Aarhus 2017, using a qualitative discourse analytical approach and computational tools. The findings reveal that ‘Europe’ is linked to other spatial/geopolitical levels, and that narratives of Europeanness draw on discourses of categorical identity and relational identity. The various representations of Europeanness in Aarhus 2017’s programme of events are discussed with respect to exist- ing empirical studies and theories of European identity, as well as the evolving aims of ECOC. Keywords: European Capitals of Culture (ECOCs), Narratives, Europeanness, European identity, Discourse, Digital text analysis, Aarhus 2017, ECOC programme of events 1. Introduction The European Capitals of Culture (ECOC) project has been in existence since 1985. It has been described as “a flagship cultural initiative of the European Union” (Barroso, 2009, 1), which should further civic identification with the EU, and political integration (Shore, 2000) by winning over EU citizens’ “hearts and minds” (Patel, 2013, 2).
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of the Mexican Revolution on Spanish in the United States∗
    The impact of the Mexican Revolution on Spanish in the United States∗ John M. Lipski The Pennsylvania State University My charge today is to speak of the impact of the Mexican Revolution on Spanish in the United States. While I have spent more than forty years listening to, studying, and analyzing the Spanish language as used in the United States, I readily confess that the Mexican Revolution was not foremost in my thoughts for many of those years. My life has not been totally without revolutionary influence, however, since in my previous job, at the University of New Mexico, our department had revised its bylaws to reflect the principles of sufragio universal y no reelección. When I began to reflect on the full impact of the Mexican Revolution on U. S. Spanish, I immediately thought of the shelf-worn but not totally irrelevant joke about the student who prepared for his biology test by learning everything there was to know about frogs, one of the major topics of the chapter. When the day of the exam arrived, he discovered to his chagrin that the essay topic was about sharks. Deftly turning lemons into lemonade, he began his response: “Sharks are curious and important aquatic creatures bearing many resemblances to frogs, which have the following characteristics ...”, which he then proceeded to name. The joke doesn’t mention what grade he received for his effort. For the next few minutes I will attempt a similar maneuver, making abundant use of what I think I already know, hoping that you don’t notice what I know that I don’t know, and trying to get a passing grade at the end of the day.
    [Show full text]
  • The Heart of the Metropole: Urban Space and Interracial Relationships
    This is a repository copy of The heart of the metropole: Urban space and interracial relationships in ‘Fidelidade’ by Vimala Devi, ‘Um Encontro Imprevisto’ by Henrique de Senna Fernandes, and ‘Nina’ by Orlanda Amarílis. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/105264/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Melo e Castro, P (2017) The heart of the metropole: Urban space and interracial relationships in ‘Fidelidade’ by Vimala Devi, ‘Um Encontro Imprevisto’ by Henrique de Senna Fernandes, and ‘Nina’ by Orlanda Amarílis. Forum for Modern Language Studies, 53 (4). pp. 405-429. ISSN 0015-8518 https://doi.org/10.1093/fmls/cqx038 (c) The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Court of the University of St Andrews. All rights reserved. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article published in Modern Language Studies uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. The version of record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/fmls/cqx038 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request.
    [Show full text]
  • VYTAUTAS MAGNUS UNIVERSITY Brenna Adams I CA B EA
    VYTAUTAS MAGNUS UNIVERSITY THE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT OF LITHUANIAN STUDIES Brenna Adams “I CAN’T BREATHE”: A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE 2020 BLACK LIVES MATTER PROTESTS IN AMERICAN MEDIA Master of Arts Thesis Joint study programme “Sociolinguistics and Multilingualism”, state code in Lithuania 6281NX001 Study area of Linguistics Supervisor Prof. Dr. Jūratė Ruzaitė ________ _________ (signature) (date) Approved by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rūta Eidukevičienė ________ _________ (signature) (date) Kaunas, 2021 Table of Contents 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………….1 1.1. Aim and Scope………………………………………………………………….3 1.2. Materials and Methods………………………………………………………….6 1.2.1. Corpus Compilation……………………………………………………..7 1.2.2. Data Processing: A Combined Approach to Corpus-Assisted CDA……8 2. Literature Review………………………………………….……………………….13 2.1. Anti-Black Racism in the United States………………………………………..14 2.2. The Black Lives Matter Movement……………………………………………16 2.3. Raciolinguistics and the Language of Protest…………………………………17 3. A Discussion of Racist Discursive Practices in Mainstream Media……………….20 3.1. Discursive Practices Concerning the Protesters and Protests………………….21 3.1.1. Discursive Practices Concerning the Protesters………………………..21 3.1.2. Discursive Practices Concerning the Protests………………………….26 3.2. Discursive Practices Concerning the Police…………………………………...29 3.2.1. Metonymy of Police Vehicles………………………………………….30 3.2.2. Passive Voice Construction…………………………………………….31 3.2.3. Police Brutality as a Collocation……………………………………….34 3.3. Discursive Practices Concerning George Floyd……………………………….39 3.3.1. Topical Focus on Floyd………………………………………………...39 3.3.2. Narrative Construction of Floyd’s Murder as the Spark……………….43 3.3.3. Deployment of Public Memory through Other Black Victims………...45 4. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………48 5. References………………………………………………………………………….51 6. Appendix A.
    [Show full text]
  • STATE of HIGHER EDUCATION for LATINX in CALIFORNIA
    STATE OF HIGHER EDUCATION for LATINX IN CALIFORNIA NOVEMBER 2018 The contributions of countless Latinx have characterized the spirit of Cesar Chavez Dolores Huerta Carlos Santana Edward Roybal California. Labor organizer Labor organizer Musician Politician Cruz Reynoso Antonia Ellen Ochoa Mario J. Molina Luis Sanchez Helen Torres CA Supreme Hernandez Astronaut Chemist and Civil and voting Women’s rights Court Justice Civil rights leader Nobel Prize rights advocate advocate & philanthropist winner Patricia Gandara Maria Blanco Estela Bensimon Thomas A. Saenz Maria Angelica Salas Professor and Attorney and Professor and Civil rights Contreras-Sweet Immigrant rights civil rights immigrant rights higher education attorney Business woman advocate advocate advocate equity advocate Linda Griego Mike Krieger Monica Lozano Sal Castro Martha Arevalo Alberto Retana Business Instagram Business woman Teacher Immigrant rights Community woman2 | STATE OF HIGHERco-founder EDUCATION FORand LATINXphilanthropist IN CALIFORNIA | THE CAMPAIGNadvocate FOR COLLEGE OPPORTUNITYorganizer Introduction California has been known as a land of opportunity and a place that rewards audacity, ingenuity, and courageousness. The determination, innovations, and contributions of countless Latinxi have characterized the spirit of this great state. From California’s earliest Mexican-American Governors, the critical agricultural labor that helps feed our nation, the patriotism of hundreds of thousands of Latinx who serve in our armed forces and run small businesses, the influence
    [Show full text]
  • Chicanx (Re)-Claiming Identity and Representation Through Education
    California State University, Monterey Bay Digital Commons @ CSUMB Capstone Projects and Master's Theses Capstone Projects and Master's Theses 12-2016 Chicanx (Re)-Claiming Identity and Representation Through Education Katherin Razo-Gomez California State University, Monterey Bay Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/caps_thes_all Recommended Citation Razo-Gomez, Katherin, "Chicanx (Re)-Claiming Identity and Representation Through Education" (2016). Capstone Projects and Master's Theses. 62. https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/caps_thes_all/62 This Capstone Project (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Capstone Projects and Master's Theses at Digital Commons @ CSUMB. It has been accepted for inclusion in Capstone Projects and Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ CSUMB. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Chicanx (Re)-Claiming Identity and Representation Through Education Photo of Daniela Barajas and Katherin Razo-Gomez, CSUMB Commencement May 2016. Katherin Razo-Gomez Senior Capstone Chicano/a Studies Research Essay Dr. Wang Division of Humanities and Communication California State University, Monterey Bay Fall 2016 Dedication To my Mom and Dad, whose “American Dream” is seeing their children receive the education they were never able to acquire. To my siblings Jorge Luis, Viviana and Valeria, you are my strength and motivation. To all the immigrant families, this is for all of you. “Feet, why do I need them if I have wings to fly.” -Frida Kahlo Acknowledgements I’d like to thank the HCOM department and especially Dr. Villasenor for leading me and helping me achieve my goal. For always being so heartwarming, encouraging, and provided feedback necessary for me to grow as a student.
    [Show full text]
  • LATINO and LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES SPACE for ENRICHMENT and RESEARCH Laser.Osu.Edu
    LATINO AND LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES SPACE FOR ENRICHMENT AND RESEARCH laser.osu.edu AT A GLANCE The Ohio State University Latino and Latin American Space for Enrichment and Research (LASER) is a forum Latino Studies: for Ohio State faculty, undergraduate and graduate Minor Program—Lives in students, and faculty and visiting scholars from around the Spanish and Portuguese the world, to learn from one another about Latino and department; the Latino Studies curriculum has an “Americas” Latin American history, culture, economics, literature, (North, Central, and South geography, and other areas. America) focus. Graduate Scholar in Residence Program: Fosters an intellectual community among Chicano/Latino and Latin Americanist graduate students by creating mentoring opportunities between graduate and undergraduate students. Faculty: Drawn from 1000-2000 scholars doing work in Latino-American William Oxley Thompson studies LASER MENTOR PROGRAM LASER Mentors serve as role models as well as bridge builders between Latinos in high school and Ohio State as well as between undergraduates at Ohio State and graduate and professional school. The goal: to expand the presence of Latinos in higher education as well as to enrich the Ohio State undergraduate research experience and to prepare students for successful transition to advanced professional and graduate school programs. Research and exchange of Latino and Latin American studies. GOALS OF LASER OUR MISSION IS TO PROMOTE 1: ENHANCING RESEARCH, SERVICE, PEDAGOGY STATE-OF-THE-ART RESEARCH AND EXCHANGE IN THE FIELD OF LATINO LASER participants seek to pool their knowledge and interests to create new directions for Latino and Latin AND LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES. American research, teaching, and service.
    [Show full text]
  • Uncorrected Proofs 131.3 ]
    UNCORRECTED PROOFS 131.3 ] theories and methodologies Unsettlers and Speculators CONSIDERING THAT IT WAS SUMMERTIME, THE WEATHER IN NEW EN- GLAND WAS PUZZLINGLY COLD. NONETHELESS, THE MEN IN THE SEA- kirsten silva gruesz beaten wooden ship offered thanks, in the Protestant fashion, for the bounty of fresh provisions: oysters and seals; vast herds of deer, tule elk, and pronghorn. Mutual curiosity informed their encoun- ters with the people they met. The En glish admired their extraordi- nary basketwork, their shell ornaments, their headpieces of brilliant black condor feathers. If the bio- and ethnoscapes of this New En gland sketch seem a little off, it is because I have moved its longitudal coordinates west by fifty degrees and spun the time- setting of an originary North Ameri- can encounter back by several decades. The En glish sailors and sup- plicants were not Puritan separatists but the remainder of Sir Francis Drake’s circumnavigation expedition, which made landfall along the Pacific coast—by most estimates, in northern California—in 1579. The story of their several weeks’ stay there is speculative in many senses. The fortuitously named Golden Hind returned loaded with treasure; the marker that Drake supposedly placed near his landfall buttressed unfulfilled En glish territorial claims for many years af- ter; and in our own day historians, anthropologists, and geographers both trained and untrained continue to debate the precise location of Nova Albion. This is the very stuff of which counterfactual histo- ries and speculative historical fictions are made: what if other En- KIRSTEN SILVA GRUESZ is professor of glishmen had later returned with settlers and supplies? If the En glish literature at the University of California, colonial project along the North American Pacific had rooted itself Santa Cruz.
    [Show full text]
  • March 2015 Discerning Solutions to the Challenges
    Inside this issue 3 Scott and Kimberly Hahn to speak on marriage 14 Mother Dolores Hart to speak at CAPP breakfast Please visit us on: at www.facebook.com/ bridgeportdiocese at www.twitter.com/ dobevents, dobyouth Latest news: bridgeportdiocese.com Frank E. Metrusky, CFP® President and Financial Advisor 945 Beaver Dam Road Stratford, CT 06614 203.386.8977 Securities and Advisory Services offered through National Planning Corporation (NPC), Member FINRA/SIPC, and a Registered Investment Advisor. Catholic Way investments and NPC are separate and unrelated companies. 2 March 2015 www.2014synod.org Discerning solutions to the challenges... Dear Brothers and Sisters How do we evangelize and in Christ, form our parents to be able to share with their children their We are halfway through with relationship with Jesus and our diocesan synod! the Church? What needs to be At our February 7 session, done so that the diocese and our the synod delegates approved the parishes provide support and language of five global challenges pastoral care to families that are that will be established as prior- facing particular stressors such as ities for the coming years. As I financial difficulties, employment said to the delegates, these are issues, discrimination, immigra- not the only issues that will be tion challenges, addiction, or addressed in revitalizing our dio- marital breakup? cese, but will be our most imme- diate priorities. We know that 3. Evangelization—We must cre- there are many other challenges ate concrete plans for evangelization facing our youth, our families, in, with and through our parishes, and our communities throughout schools, ecclesial movements and com- Fairfield County.
    [Show full text]
  • Trans En Las Americas
    Trans en las Américas Journal Launch Francisco J. Galarte, Claudia Sofía Garriga-López, Cole Rizki and Juana María Rodríguez FRIDAY, APRIL 2 • 2:00 PM • Register to attend at: https://bit.ly/2ObbIuu Shifting the geopolitics of trans studies, travesti theory is a Latinx American body of work with an extensive transregional history. As a particular body politics, travesti identification is not only a sexed, gendered, classed, and racialized form of relation, but a critical mode and an epistemology. Throughout the Américas, trans and travesti studies take a multiplicity of forms: scholarly work that engages identitarian and anti-identitarian analytical frameworks as well as interventions into state practices, cultural production, and strategic activist actions. These multiple critical approaches—both travesti and trans—are regionally inflected by the flows of people, ideas, technologies, and resources that shape the hemisphere, opening up space to explore the productive tensions and expansive possibilities within this body of work. This special issue of TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly prompts a conversation between trans and travesti studies scholars working across the Américas to investigate how shifts in cultural practices, aesthetics, geographies, and languages enliven theories of politics, subjectivity, and embodiment. Contributors to this issue oer a hemispheric perspective on trans and travesti issues to the Anglophone academy, expand transgender studies to engage geopolitical connections, and bring interdisciplinary approaches to topics ranging from policy to cultural production. This issue is an unprecedented English-language collection by Latin American and Latinx scholars on trans and travesti issues. Francisco J. Galarte is an Assistant Professor of American Studies and Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies at the University of New Mexico where he teaches courses in Chicanx, Latinx and transgender studies.
    [Show full text]
  • How Jamaican DACA Recipients Are Coping with the 2017 DACA Policy Change
    St. John Fisher College Fisher Digital Publications Education Doctoral Ralph C. Wilson, Jr. School of Education 12-2019 The Era of Trump: How Jamaican DACA Recipients are Coping with the 2017 DACA Policy Change Rachele M. Hall St. John Fisher College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_etd Part of the Education Commons How has open access to Fisher Digital Publications benefited ou?y Recommended Citation Hall, Rachele M., "The Era of Trump: How Jamaican DACA Recipients are Coping with the 2017 DACA Policy Change" (2019). Education Doctoral. Paper 426. Please note that the Recommended Citation provides general citation information and may not be appropriate for your discipline. To receive help in creating a citation based on your discipline, please visit http://libguides.sjfc.edu/citations. This document is posted at https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_etd/426 and is brought to you for free and open access by Fisher Digital Publications at St. John Fisher College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Era of Trump: How Jamaican DACA Recipients are Coping with the 2017 DACA Policy Change Abstract The topic of undocumented immigrants living in the United States stimulates consistent national and local debate. In 2012 President Barack Obama signed an executive order creating the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) policy which provided undocumented immigrants work authorization and reprieve from deportation. In 2017, newly elected President Donald J. Trump announced the removal of the DACA policy. Researchers have focused on the impact of the removal of the DACA policy on undocumented Latino/a immigrants, but limited to no research has focused on the impact for Black immigrants, specifically those identifying as Jamaican.
    [Show full text]