1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 9251 EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED VIRGINIA The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate messages Ella A. Lambert, Amonate. from the President of the submitting a nomina­ Mary Sue Clark, Catawba Sanatorium. tion and a convention, which were referred to the appropriate WASHINGTON committees. Roy E. Carey, Hartline.

Government are now experiencing the gravest crisis of our entire These resolutions were submitted to and adopted by the Daniel national lite by reason of the threats of foreign aggression, the cur­ Beall Post, No. 18, of the American Legion in regular session this, tailment of our world trade and activities, and the suppression of the 21st day of June 194(}. our ideals of individual rights, Uberty, and the pursuit of. happi­ ness; and RESOLUTIONS OF' CITIZENS OF' WAKE COUNTY (N.C.) AND VICINITY Whereas we feel that in this time of peril it is the solemn duty Mr. REYNOLDS presented resolutions adopted at a meet­ of every man, woman, and child of our great land to back and give support to our national administration in its efforts to place our ing of citizens of Wake County (N. C.) and vicinity, which country in a state of preparedness for any eventuality, that we may were referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations and thereby be enabled to show to the whole world that we will not tol­ ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: erate any curtailment or infringement upon the civil rights guaran­ Whereas the present European war has raised very difficult prob­ teed to us by the law of the land and the Constitution of the United lems !or the American Nation in both its foreign relations and in its States of America: Be it therefore domestic problems; and Resolved, That by these resolutions we desire to go on record as Whereas under our democratic sys-tem of government it is proper according our entire support to our Government in its preparedness and fitting that citizens of the United States make known to their program and we pledge ourselves to render any assistance of whieb President and to their representatives In Congress their attitude and we may be capable in this great undertaking; be it further desires In tbis crisis; and Resolved, That we urge upon those in authority the fullest efforts Whereas, we, a group of citizens of Wake County (N. C.) and toward stamping out any and all subversive elements within our vicinity, are imbued with the patriotic desire to promote the territory which are opposed to our form of government or the welfare of our country and of the world at large: Be it abridgement of our national liberties; that we have no patience with Resolved, That it is our belief and desire that our Government any so-called '':fifth column," , or any element which should pursue the following policies in the present emergency: seeks the destruction of our present conception of government; that 1. That every effort should be made to prevent our country's we believe such activities should be eliminated in their inception becoming a belligerent in the war, and that we ought not to send before they have an opportunity to take root and develop into a our men to fight in Europe or in European waters'. serious menace; be it further 2. That it is the sentiment of this meeting that our country should Resolved, That in making adequate preparation we advocate the immediately and vigorously prepare for its adequate defense against principle of military training for all able-bodied men of proper age any enemy or combination of enemies. in order that our country may at all times have an adequate reserv6 3. That we approve our Government's efforts to promote the soli­ of manpower available, capable, and effective; be it further darity of the New World and favor something 1n the nature of a Resolved, That in this time of peril it behooves every citizen to league of nations for the Western Hemisphere, which might later devote his full time and effort toward preparing our country for serve as a model for the remainder of the world. emergencies, and to that end we do not feel that the present wage 4. That while meeting the threat from abroad we should not and hour law, which restricts labor to a 40-hour-a-week schedule, is abandon and should continue efforts to improve the lot of the com­ conducive toward preparedness and efficiency, and it is our thought mon man in this country. that this law should be so changed or repealed so as to eliminate 5. That in the present critical situation we should make every this objectionable feature; be it further effort to visualize clearly and to promote the interests of our own Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be transmitted to the country. for we believe that, in the long run, we can thereby best President of the United States and to each of our Senators and the serve the entire world. Representative from this congressional district. 6. That in our justifiable efforts to stamp out subversive move­ Adopted and passed this 19th day of . ments in our country, we should take great care to preserve those rights and privileges which are guaranteed in our Bill of Rights and RESOLUTION OF DANIEL BEALL POST, NO. 18, AMERICAN LEGION which are the h.eritage of every American citizen. We should do everything in our power to avoid sacrificing those very liberties we Mr. BIT..,BO presented a resolution of Daniel Beall Post, No. are seeking to protect. 18, American Legion, of Holmes County, Miss., which was 7. That these resolutions are passed without reference to the ordered to lie on the table and to be printed in the RECORD, current political campaign for we believe that lo)'alty and patriotism to our country are above parties and politics. as follows: 8. That copies of these resolutions be sent to the President of Whereas the United States is faced with conditions fraught with the United States and to the North Carolina Members of both the most serious eventualities of its .history as a Nation; and Houses of Congress. Whereas potential foes from within and from without threaten REPORTS OF CO~ITTEES to undermine and eventually destroy om democratic form of govern­ ment; and Mr. TYDINGS, from the Committee on Territories and In­ Whereas such a government is the only one that guarantees pro­ sular Affairs, to which was referred the bill (S. 3940) to tection and freedom to its individual citizens and an equal indi­ authorize the incorporated town of Sitka, Alaska, to purchase vidual opportunity in life regardless of race, creed, or color; and Whereas we cherish and hold sacred the principles upon which and enlarge certain public utilities and for such purpose to this Government is founded; and issue bonds in the sum of $200.000 in excess of present stat­ Whereas the time has come when every person enjoying the utory debt limit, reported it with amendments and submitted benefits and protection of the United States of America should be a report (No. 1944) thereon. required to make known his national loyalty and devotion; Now, therefore, be it Mr. WALSH, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to Resolved by Daniel Beall Post, No. 18, of the American Legion: which was referred the bill (S. 3008) to authorize the Presi­ (1) That the President and Congress of the United States of dent of the United States to dispose of certain public vessels, America should now and immediately forego and forget any political and for other purposes, reported it with an amendment and party or personal consideration in plans for the development of an adequate national defense; · submitted a report (No. 1945) thereon. (2) That such laws should be immediately enacted and such He also, from the same committee, to which were referred steps taken as may be necessary to call to the services of the Nation the following bills, reported them each with amendments and in the development of an adequate national defense all industrial submitted reports thereon: · ab111ty or facilities regardless of present or previous political differ­ ences or party lines; H. R.10030. A bill increasing the number of naval avia­ (3) That immediate steps be taken to mobilize and equip with tors in the line of the Regular Army and Marine Corps, the most modern and adequate equipment an army, navy, and air and for other purposes

ROOSEVELT COMMENT ON STIMSON I am quoting him- I have quoted what many Senators have said about and bend your efforts and spend your time solving the problems Colonel Stimson; and I should like to have the attention which the whole Nation is facing under your administration. of the Senate particularly on this point. I want the Sen­ He must not have done so, to cause the President to make ate to listen to what President Roosevelt himself said. Th.is that statement. But, leaving that point, I want to discuss is not RusH HoLT speaking about Colonel Stimson. This another subject. is Franklin D. Roosevelt speaking of Colonel Stimson, the Mr. LUNDEEN. Mr. President- man he is n.ow naming Secretary of War; so the President Mr. HOLT. I yield to the Senator from Minnesota. cannot say that he did not know anything about him. This Mr. LUNDEEN. When the Senator referred to these vari­ is what President Roosevelt said in 1930 in New York. This ous statements, I was wondering if perhaps we cannot afford is the headline in the New York Times: to disregard all these statements in view of the overshadowing Roosevelt scores attack by Stimson as hyprocrisy. issue of intervention. On that issue-the issue of interven­ Did you know that the President of the United States . tion-perhaps the two great minds merge. was appointing a hyprocrite as Secretary of War? I do not Mr. HOLT. Well, I do not know. After what Colonel Knox say that President Roosevelt in 1930 called Henry L. Stim­ said about the President, and then the President naming him son a hyprocrite. I do not know the need of a hypocrite in to the Cabinet, there must be some issue on which their minds the Cabinet today, although the Cabinet has the most un­ merge. I do not know what it is. I cannot answer that; usual collection of human beings that was ever established but 2 weeks ago I told the Senate what Colonel Knox thought under one tent. [Laughter.] of the President, and then the President appointed him to Frankly, you may go to the Zoo and you cannot find as that office. As I said then, certainly the President would not many species of different traits as you can find down there appoint to his Cabinet a man who would not tell the truth. in Morgenthau, Hopkins, Ickes, others, and now Stimson. If Colonel Knox said this about the President, it must be the When Colonel Knox comes up for confirmation I intend to truth; and, of course, he must have swallowed awfully hard at discuss what Colonel Knox thinks of the Cabinet. But may that time. [Laughter.] I repeat what President Roosevelt said: I am going back now to 1934. I am trying to bring these Roosevelt scores attack by Stimson as hypocrisy. things up to date as fast as I can, because, as I say, I do not want to hold the Senate unduly. I want to discuss Colonel The President knows Stimson is a hypocrite. He charged Knox a little later on; but, speaking in 1934, we find this in the him in Brooklyn with being a hypocrite. Now he names him New York Times of November 27, 1934: to the Cabinet. Of course, that is his appointment. It is Stimson • • • agrees Anglo-American ties are stronger than not RusH HoLT's. He was not satisfied with accusing Stimson treaties. of hypocrisy in 1930; but after specifically referring to Henry L. Stimson as a hypocrite once, this is what he said the Then he goes ahead to say that we should have "mutual following night. ·I want the Senate to get this. Here is cooperation between England and the United States of President Roosevelt, then Governor Roosevelt, speaking of America." In that phrase is the reason why Colonel Stim­ Colonel Stimson and some of the other Cabinet members son has been named as Secretary of War. The President who were campaigning against Mr. Roosevelt's nomination wants cooperation between England and the United States as governor. He specifically refers to Colonel Stimson, and of America. That is what Colonel Stimson advocated in this is what he said; this is not RusH HoLT, this is President 1934, and has advocated for 25 years in this country. Co­ Roosevelt speaking of his newly beloved Cabinet member: operation in war as in peace is desired by some. Some men in They have shocked the conscience of the fair-minded and thought­ this country are not quite sure that we are not still an English ful people of this State. colony. Colonel Stimson goes to England to be dined and wined almost every year, and accepts distinguishing remarks May I repeat that? This is the man who is being named as from the Scottish Guards and other official groups, as the Secretary of War by President Roosevelt, and this is what records will show; but I shall not discuss his English feeling, President Roosevelt says about him: except to say that you can hardly pick up a book written on They have shocked the conscience of the fair-minded and thought­ English-American relations, about parallel policy, about co­ ful people of this State. operation between England and the United States, that does But Colonel Stimson has gone to the mourners' bench, and not note that Stimson is one of the paramount Anglo spokes­ is now pure. men in the American continent. His whole record has been I am not through with what the President thinks of Colonel one of interest in the continuation of the influence of Eng­ Stimson. This is not RusH HoLT speaking. This is what the land. As late as the 12th day of June of this year the Lon­ President said. You know, Colonel Stimson went up to New don Times, speaking editorially, named only two Republicans York to speak. That was when the President asked Cabinet in its editorial praise of the President; and who were the two members to show their credentials when they came into the Republicans that the London Times named? Colonel Knox State. and Henry L. Stimson. Perhaps the Senator from South Carolina [Mr. SMITH] A week before the President of the United States ap­ knows about that speech, when the President asked Cabinet pointed these two men to the Cabinet, the only two Repub­ members to show their credentials, and asked what right they licans named by the London Times as being close friends of had to come into the State to defeat candidates; but I shall the English viewpoint were Colonel Knox and Henry L. not discuss that subject here today. After calling Stimson Stimson. A week later they were appointed to the Cabinet. a hypocrite, and after saying that he had shocked the con­ I referred to the matter on the floor of the Senate, and science of the· fair-minded and thoughtful people of the aroused the indignation of the Senator from lllinois [Mr. State-he did not want Henry Stimson up around New York; LucAs] ; and after watching the Chicago machine in action he wanted him back in Washington-this is what he said to I must have said something pretty bad if it aroused his Colonel Stimson: indignation, because he has shown no indignation toward Stay at your post in Washington, and bend your efforts and spend the Chicago machine. I shall not discuss that subject at your time solving the problems which the whole Nation is facing this time, however; I shall discuss it a little later; but he under your administration. became very indignant because I said that England was satis­ Will Colonel Stimson stay in Washington now? He would fied with the appointment of Colonel Knox and Henry L. not stay here when the President was after him the last time Stimson. he was a member of the Cabinet. ENGLAND'S COMMENT ON STIMSON Let me repeat that. This is Franklin D. Roosevelt speak­ I quote from the New York Herald Tribune of June 21. ing of Henry L. Stimson. He said to him then: Certainly the Herald Tribune is not a pro-German newspaper. Stay at your post in Washington- I have never heard it called such: but this is what it said. 9270 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 8 This is from the Herald Tribune Bureau in London: England seems to know what these appointments mean, The appointment- even if some Members of the Senate do not. Now, get this: Colonel Stimson said he was not an inter­ This is what the Daily Express says: ventionist. London thinks so. May I quote it? United States Will have war Cabinet. Key jobs are given to friends of the Allies. LoNDON, June 20.-The appointment of Henry L. Stimson and Col. Frank Knox in place of Harry H. Woodring and Here is another one: was welcomed here tonight as a sign that the United States policy was "crystallizing" in the direction of intervention. Hitler haters join United States Cabinet. I want to repeat that. It is said that Colonel Stimson is no Those are not from United States papers; those are from interventionist. Here is the view from London on June 20 of the controlled English press. They know that it is a United this year: States war Cabinet. But some men in the Senate in smug The appointment of Henry L. Stimson and Col. Frank Knox in complacency excuse their own consciences by saying that place of Harry H. Woodring and Charles Edison was welcomed here these men are not interventionists. England admits they are. tonight as a sign that the United States policy was "crystallizing'' England admits its is a pro-war Cabinet. and calls it a coalition 1n the direction of intervention. Cabinet. "'Crystallizing' in the direction of intervention!" Of course It will be remembered that a few weeks ago Colonel Breck­ it was crystallizing, when the President of the United States enridge, speaking over the air, in a debate, advocated war. goes out of the great Democratic Party into the great Repub­ Yes, he wanted to send the boys over, then and there. That lican Party and picks two men who, the London newspapers will be recalled. Col. Henry Breckenridge wanted war. He themselves say, are interventionists, and believe in inter­ seems to be satisfied with these nominations. This is what he vention. said: Let me continue this quotation. This is what the dispatch The nominations are magnificent. said. The British are not going to say anything about it. Why? Get this: This is a man who advocates a declaration of war, and a man who knows these men personally and knows them as Further comment could not be obtained in responsible British circles, chiefly because they were reluctant to speak on American individuals, and as officials and who speaks of their appoint­ policy. · ments as "magnificent." Of course, they are magnificent to There is shrinking here from any pronouncement which might be Colonel Breckenridge and all those who want America to de­ considered as "propaganda," and almost all estimates of American policies nowadays might come under that head. clare war, because they know that the record of Colonel Stim­ son ·for 25 years has been one of bellicosity, and one of inter­ In other words, they said, "Boys, we like that appointment, vention in activities outside of our borders. Of course, the but we cannot say anything about it publicly." That is what appointments are magnificent to those men. it meant. Get that. They are shrinking from any pronounce­ This is what he said further: ment which might be considered as propaganda, because The issues today are above party, and these two men are proving they want America to think that England is leaving them the truth of it. · alone. Lord Lothian said, "~obody over here is spreading any English propaganda." The only two men who believed that This article proceeds to say that it not only brought the there was no propaganda over here were the Senator from applause of Colonel Breckenridge, but it brought the support South Carolina and Lord Lothian. of the lawyers representing J. Pierpont Morgan & Co., who are active for intervention, as the records show, and of many This is what the article says. I am still quoting from other interventionists. Every interventionist in the United London: States is for the confirmation of Knox and Stimson. Mr. Stimson is regarded as the apostle of a strong foreign policy. He is the most experienced statesman in the Republican Party. I should like to have any Member of the Senate name one interventionist who is not for the confirmation of Stimson I have heard a lot about the Republicans, but I have never and Knox to the Cabinet. [Pause.] I wait to see if there is heard them insulted like ·that. This is what it says about anyone who knows an interventionist who is not for their going ahead: confirmation. [Pause.] I do not know of any, and it seems Overriding everything else in importance, however, in the opinion that the Senate does not. know of any. Yet it is said, "Oh, of Americans here, is the fact that these two appointees are Repub­ licans; that is to say, there are signs that a coalition administration they do not mean intervention; not at all." Yet they have is not out of the question and that foreign policy has become an received the applause of the papers that want us in war; they agreed matter in the United States. have received the applause of the men who want us in war; The Daily Mail says that President Roosevelt's employment they have received the applause of the foreign press which of Colonel Stimson is "a warning that the United States really wants us in war; and they have received the support of the does mean business." What do they mean when they say President of the United States, who is not and has not been that the United States really does mean business? Senators neutral. They have had his support because the President know what it means; we all know what it means. It means wants a greater intervention policy in the United States. the business of sending American boys to Europe, regardless The papers have said, as I stated a moment ago, that of the hypocrisy of those who are now saying we are not going Governor Woodring would not go along in stripping our de­ to do so. They said the same thing before. They will do it fenses in order that the Allies should be helped, and he was again. removed from office because of that, and today we find that Do not fool yourselves. Unless this intervention foreign the situation is that in his place is a man who is interested policy of America is stopped, we are going into this war, and in doing anything necessary for England's victory even to Members of the Senate who are now saying that they will the acts of war on our part. not vote for war will find an incident by which they can I wish now to bring to the attention of the Senate what excuse their voting for war. Colonel Stimson advocated on the 18th day of June this This is what the News Chronicle says in a headline: year. Part of it has already been stated, but I see no dan­ Roosevelt moves for a more pro-Ally Ministry. ger in repetition. Tills is what Colonel Stimson advocated 2 days before he was appointed Secretary of War: These are not American signs; these are English. First, we should repeal the provisions of our 111-starred so­ I read now from the Daily Herald: called neutrality venture which has acted as a shackle to our Roosevelt puts pro-Ally champions into Cabinet. true interests for over 5 years. Here is another one from the Daily Express. This is im­ That is No. 1. He wants us to repeal the Neutrality Act. portant: That means to allow American ships to go into the war United States will have war Cabinet; key jobs are given to friends zone and be sunk. That means allowing Americans in of the Allies. the war zones. Why? Others can answer as well as I can. 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 9271 Second, we should throw open all of our ports to the British and Colonel Stimson proposed to evacuate English children French naval and merchant marine for all repairs and refueling and other services. and leave the French children to their fate. Mr. HOLT. I thank the Senator. Of course, that would Anyone who knows anything about international law or be the effect. has any common sense knows that opening the ports of a I have tried. to show that Colonel Stimson has been an nation for-the repair of vessels is a direct violation of inter· Anglomaniac for 25 years. He has been wined and dined by national law and is considered an act of hostility. That is the the British nobility for the last 20 years. If Senators do not second thing Colonel Stimson wants done. believe so let them go to the papers and they will notice Third, we should accelerate by every means in our power the that whenever Colonel Stimson went to England those who sending of planes and other munitions to Britain and France on a . want a more parallel policy with the United States were the scale which would be effective, sending them, if necessary, in our own ships and under convoy. ones who wined and dined him. What I say is no indictment of his sincerity. What I have Everyone knows that is an act of war. He wants us to shown is that he is prejudiced, not that he is insincere. send munitions, which are contraband of war, in American His prejudice has been based on his interest in a particular ships, to the war zone in Europe. Then can it be said that country, and as he said, "It is more important than even he is not interested in intervention? Anyone who believes -treaties themselves." that Colonel Stimson is not interested in intervention must I may add this about the children. Yes, the poor children have something wrong with his mind, must have been affected of France were not only in danger of bombs being dropped with a New Deal disease which blinds many people after they on them, but they wen~ i_n danger from tanks, in danger of are exposed to it. actual infantry fire, and- C.olonel Stimson did not advocate He wants us to send American vessels to belligerent nations bringing those little children of France over to America. anywhere loaded with munitions of war. Can it be said that But he wants to bring over the children of England. I a man like that should be placed in the Cabinet when America repeat what he wrote,· because I think it is significant of wants to stay out of war? Then he wants to go to South why Colonel Stimson wants to bring the children over from America again. This is what he said: England. Here is his exact language: Fourth, we should refrain from being fooled by the evident bluff In order to assist the home front of Britain's defense we should of Hitler's so-called "fifth column" movements in South America. open our lands as a refuge for the · children and old people of -Britain whose liability to suffering from air -raids in Great -Britain Senators will remember his interest in Nicaragua. He . is a constant inducement to surrender to terms which she would wanted to go down there, and did go down there, and Ameri· otherwise resist. - can marines paid with their lives because we wanted to go Just think of that. He does not propose to bring them over into south America and Cen~ral America. in order to save their lives, but -bring them over because then Fifth, in order to assist the home front of Britain's defense we should open our lands as a refuge for the children and old people they will not be in the way, so they will not stand in the way of Britain whose liability to suffering from air raids in Great Britain of maintaining a strong morale. is a constant inducement to surren<;ter to terms which she would Then for Senators to stand on this floor, as they will, and otherwise resist. say that Colonel Stimson is not for intervention is to fly in I do not want these .older people and children brought ·the face of his record for a quarter of a century. He had over here for that. reason. I want them brought over here, shown that bellicose attitude, as I have proved, preceding the if they are to be brought over, for their protection; because World War. He showed it as Secretary of State, and he has they did not make the war. Yet they will be the ones who shown it in this war. He was one of the most active for will suffer as a result of it. He only wants these older peo· intervention. pie and children sent to America so that the morale of Eng­ Senators may say, "Of course, Colonel Stimson does not be­ land will be upheld when some bomb drops and kills unfor­ lieve that we should go into war"; but this is what he said in tunate children of the men fighting. There is an angle speaking before the Foreign Relations Committee in 1939. which has not been discussed. It is not that he is interested Senator JoHNSON of California. Now I am asking you the ques­ from the humanitarian standpoint in bringing these chil­ tion, then, Would you consider that we should take part and join dren out of England, where they will be killed, but he wants with Great Britain, France,· and Russia in protecting them? them brought out in order that it may bolster the morale That is a direct question from the Senator from California, of England. If we are to bring them out, I want to bring and here is what Colonel Stimson said: them out because I do not believe those children and elders Mr. ·STIMSON. Not unless the situation became dangerous enough should be killed. so as to indicate that we would be the next victim. Then I would take part mighty quick. I would take part before they were beaten. Mr. CLARK -of Missouri. Mr. President, will the Senator Senator JoHNSON of California. Take part with anybody? yield? Mr. STIMSON. I would get as many friends on the side that I was Mr. HOLT. I yield. on as I could possibly, provided they could shoot straight. Mr. CLARK of Missouri. The Senator will recall that He would take part before they were beaten. That is what Colonel Stimson's New Haven speech was made before France he said in 1939. And certainly today there is only one last had sued for peace. The Senator will also notice that in country between complete Hitler victory in Europe and what Colonel Stimson's New Haven speech he specifically men­ Colonel Stimson speaks of, and that is England. When is he tioned that only children from Great Britain were to be going to take part? On his own word before the Foreign Re­ evacuated. Does the Senator know of any reason why Colo· lations Committee of the United States Senate he is going to nel Stimson should have specified that only British children take part before they are beaten. In other words, he is going should be evacuated, and not French children, Belgian chil­ to take part as soon as he feels it is possible for us to get dren, Dutch children, and other childrep who are sufferers into it. from this terrible war? And what does that mean? That means now. Do not Mr. HOLT. I thank the Senator from Missouri. I cannot fool yourselves, Senators. Do not try to fool yourselves in see any difference. A child is a child to me, whether he is respect to this matter. Do not try to cover up your con­ born in Germany, whether he is born in France, or whether sciences on this matter. Colonel Stimson said he would take he is born in Great Britain. I am not one who feels that part before they are beaten, and there is no other time before it satisfies my conscience simply because I do not like the they are beaten except right now. That is the reason for government of a certain country, to let children of that his appointment to the Cabinet. country stay in the country to be killed. I do not want to FAVORS USE OF NAVY FOR ENGLAND draw such a line as Colonel Stimson wants to draw 'between I quote from one of Colonel Stimson's letters which appears the children of Great Britain and those of other nations. in the record of the hearings of 1939, as follows: Mr. CLARK of Missouri. At the time Colonel Stimson We cannot ignore the fact that at almost any moment an armed made the New Haven speech France was still a combatant. attack may be aimed by the Fascist group of powers against the 9272 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-SENATE JULY 8 vital safety of any one of the two peace-loving nations upon which · ·will prove that America is going interventionist, much to today rests in large part the safety of our own civilization-Great Britain and France. my regret. And when I say America is going interventionist, Such an attack would ·almost inevitably involve both of those I say so not because of tl;le statements of elected legislators, nations and from present appearances would be cooperated in by but of ·these appoh1tees who advocate a policy of involve­ all three of the Fascist powers. In that event only one course could ment, while preaching peace. be depended on ultimately to save the present hard-earned civiliza­ tion upon which our own national welfare rests. Therefore I feel that confirmation of the nomination of Today the aggressive group is more powerful in the air and on the Colonel Stimson would be an attack against the peace and land than even France and Britain combined, and it is probably suf­ welfare of America, and I shall not vote for it. ficiently strong at sea to pill down the British and French :fleets to European waters, leaving exposed to the powerful Japanese :fleet the Mr. AUSTIN: Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a whole western Pacific Ocean, including the eastern speaking domin­ quorum. ions of , , and even western Canada, as well The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll. as the naval base at Singapore, which is the key to the protection: of The Chief Clerk called the roll, and the following Senators those regions. answered to their names: What would he do? Let me quote what Colonel Stimson Adams Downey Lodge Schwellenbach would do. He further said in his letter: Andrews Ellender Lucas Sheppard Ashurst Frazier Lundeen Shipstead The defense against such joint action in Europe and Asia by the Austin George McCarra.n Slattery Fascist powers can only be securely accomplished by the common Bailey Gerry McKellar Smathers action of the naval power of the three large democracies, including Barbour Gibson McNary Smith the United States. ·Barkley Gillette Maloney Taft Bllbo Green Mead Thomas, Idaho I want to make. that clear, and I want to emphasize it. Bone Guifey Miller Thomas, Okla. Colonel Stimson is going to fight· Germany and the dictators. Bridges Gurney Minton Thomas, Utah Bulow Hale Murray Tobey Here is what he said in his own words, not what he told Burke Harrison Neely Townsend somebody else, but in his own words: Byrd Hatch Norris Tydings Byrnes Hayden Nye Vandenberg The defense against such joint action in Europe and Asia by the Capper Herring O'Mahoney VanNuys Fascist powers can only be securely accomplished by the common Caraway Hill Overton Wagner action of the naval power of the three large democracies, including Chandler Holman Pepper Walsh the United States. Chavez Holt Pittman Wheeler Clark, Idaho Hughes Radcl11Ie White So Senators can see that Colonel Stimson even a year ago Clark, Mo. Johnson, Calif. Reed Wiley advocated using our United States Navy to defeat Germany. Connally Johnson, Colo. · Reynolds And then to say that he is not an interventionist, to say that Danaher King Russell he is not for intervention, is idle. How in the world can we Davis La Follette Schwartz not be involved if we are going to use the United States Navy The PRESIDING OFFICER. Eighty-nine Senators have to whip Germany? We do not need a declaration of war if answered to their names. A quorum is present. we try that. We will then be in it immediately. That is what GOVERNOR OF THE PANAMA CANAL the colonel said. ·He made clear that he felt that we should Mr. CLARK of Missouri . .Mr. President, I ask unanimous absolutely use our :fleet, and let the European democracies consent that I may be allowed to report from the Committee have our bases. Then how can one say that he is not inter­ on Interoceanic Canals the nomination of Col. Glen E. Edger· ested in intervention? Of course, one could continue at ton, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, for appoint. great length about Colonel Stimson's record preceding the ment as Governor of the Panama Canal. I also ask for the World War, his record in South and Central America, his immediate consideration of the nomination. record as Secretary of State, his prejudicial leaning to one I should like to explain to the. Senate that Gen. Clarence belligerent in this war, and his statements as the result of S. Ridley, who for the past several years has served with this war, besides his activities-they all point to one thing, such distinction and e:fficiency as Governor of the Panama and one thing alone, and that is intervention in this war. Canal, has been transferred to other duty; and Colonel They point to it as clearly as anything could be pointed to. Edgerton, who has been engineer of maintenance and Vice Of course, the whole situation c~n be determined only by Governor of the Canal for the same period of time, has been one thing, and that is by the viewpoint of the individual him­ appointed Governor in the stead of General Ridley. Inas­ self. The record shows that his attitude is one of interven­ much as the continuity of this omce is of the very utmost tion. The records shows that he was appointed-and time importance, I ask unanimous consent to be permitted to will prove this-as the result of his intervention policy. The make the report, and I also ask unanimous consent for its President of the United States wanted a Secretary of War who immediate consideration. would go along in anything that he wanted to do in the way The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to the of involvement in this war, and he could not obtain that report being received? The Chair hears none, and the report promise, he could not obtain that assurance from Governor is received. Is there objection to the consideration of the Woodring, who was then a member of his Cabinet, and had nomination? The Chair hears none, and the nominee is been for years, and so Governor Woodring was put out and confirmed. in his place was placed an outstanding spokesman of inter­ Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I ask unanimous consent that vention in this country, Colonel Stimson himself. the President be immediately notified. The whole record is here. America is establishing a war The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection? The Cabinet. It is establishing a war Cabinet, and yet some indi­ Chair hears none, and the President will be immediately viduals are trying to preach peace. They are preaching peace, notified. perhaps, but their action is toward war. Today the Secretary of War has been given increased power, and that increased NATIONAL DEFENSE AND IMMIGRATION power will be used for involvement and intervention, and Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. President, yesterday I read one of there is but one reason, and one alone, why the President of the most impressive editorials I have ·had the opportunity to the United States left his party and went out to pick a man examine for some months past. I was greatly impressed by of another party; why he fired a member of his Cabinet, the the editorial, because it expresses precisely my attitude in first and only member of the President's Cabinet who has been reference to international affaiis insofar as our becoming fired. There is only one reason for such action, and one involved in the present conflict in Europe is concerned. reason alone, and that is that America is on the way to war. At this time I shall not consume the time of the Senate by And the only thing that will stop it is the common sense and reading the entire editorial, but I respectfully commend it good judgment of Congress, because the Cabinet is pro­ to the attention of-Senators. war. As a British newspaper said, "The war Cabinet has The editorial is entitled "The Third World War." It is been created." from the pen of Mr. Maurer, the chief editorial writer of the Mr. President, these are not idle fears. This is not idle New York Daily News, and was.reprinted in the columns of talk. The record will prove it. The memoirs of the future the Washington Times-Herald of yesterday. 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 9273 At this time I wish to bring to the attention of the Senate American people generally, for that matter, are not desirous the closing paragraph of that very able editorial, which reads: of arming with a view to attempting to bring about the con­ There appears to be no hope that the American people learned quest of any other country in the world, nor are they in favor from their first World War experience that they cannot settle the of arming and preparing for the purpose of sending our sons problems of Europe. We appear to be on the verge of trying it once abroad and carrying on in uniform in an effort to settle the more. quarrels of the Old World. · Unfortunately, I interpolate. The third and fourth resolving clauses reads: The Isolation cause seems to be almost as completely lost as the 3. That we approve our Government's efforts to promote the cause of France in this war. So the best the Isolationists can hope solidarity of the New World and favor something in the nature of for is that after a second World War misadventure the American a league of nations for the western Hemisphere, which might later people will learn and inwardly digest the lesson thereof, and that· serve as a model for the remainder of the world. when the third World War comes along they will have sense enough 4. That while meeting the threat from abroad we should not to stay out of it. abandon and should continue etrorts to improve the lot o! the common man in this country. Mr. President, I send the editorial to the desk, and ask that it be printed in the Appendix of the RECORD. I digress there to say that I trust in the expenditure of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so approximately $14,000,000,000, which we will have appropri­ ordered. ated for building up the national defense and in providing Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. President, partially in pursuance of armed forces, we will not in anywise, if it possibly can be that editorial, I have before me a resolution. The resolution avoided, interfere with the continued progress of the masses was sent to me by a committee on resolutions at a meeting of this country or of the Nation as a whole, and that none held in Wake County, at the capital of my State, Raleigh, of their rights will be interfered with under the program. N.C., the home of my distinguished colleague the senior Sen­ The fifth resolving clause reads: ator from North Carolina [Mr. BAILEY]. At this time I wish 5. That in the present critical situation we should make every to read this resolution in order that some understanding of effort to visualize clearly and to promote the interests of our own country, for we believe that, in the long run, we can thereby best the interest of the American people may be had by the Mem­ serve the entire world. bers of this body, particularly in reference to my State of North Carolina. I hope that the world will listen to that friendly and timely The resolution was sent to me several days ago. On receipt advice, because of all times, Mr. President, when we should of the resolution I communicated with the signers thereof, give attention to our internal affairs and to the enemy within, and told them that it would be a very great pleasure for me now is the time. to bring it to the attention of the Members of this body, and The sixth resolving clause reads: _that it WOuld be embodied in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. I 6. That in our justifiable efforts to stamp out subversive move­ ask, not that it be printed in the Appendix of the RECORD, but ments in our country we should take great care to preserve those rights and privileges which are guaranteed in our Bill of Rights that it be printed in the body of the RECORD, under "Resolu­ and which are the heritage of every American citizen. We should tions." do everything in our power to avoid sacrificing those very liberties The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so we are seeking to protect. ordered. I believe that we all are in high accord with the objectives Mr. REYNOLDS. I wish to read the resolution. of paragraph 6 of the resolution. Whereas the present European war has raised very difilcult prob­ The seventh resolving clause reads: lems for the American Nation in both its foreign relations and in 7. That these resolutions are passed without reference to the its domestic problems; and current political campaign for we believe that loyalty and patriot­ Whereas under our democratic system of government it is proper ism to our country are above parties and politics. and fitting that citizens of the United States make known to their President and to their Representatives in Congress their attitude They should be. Our country should remain first and up­ and desires in this crisis; and permost in the minds of the American people, particularly at Whereas we, a group of citizens of Wake County and vicinity, this critical hour, regardless of any political controversy or N. C., are imbued with the patriotic desire to promote the welfare of our country and of the world at large: Be it oncoming campaign. Resolved, That it 1s our belief and desire that our Government Finally the eighth resolving clause reads: should pursue the following policies in the present emergency: 8. That copies of these resolutions be sent to the President of 1. That every effort should be made to prevent our country's the United States and to the North Carolina Members of both becoming a belligerent in the war, and that we ought not to send Houses of Congress. our men to fight in Europe or in European waters. c. c. CRITrENDEN, Mr. President, I desire to digress for a brief comment, if I Mrs. CHARLES G. DoAK, WILLIAM JOSLIN, may be permitted to say that while the greater number of Mrs. 0. F. McCRARY, the people of my State of North Carolina, and I believe of ALLYN P. ROBINSON, Jr., the Nation-though I may be in error as to that-are entirely Committee on Resolutions. in favor of the United States providing some form of aid All of whom are known to me as honorable, outstanding to the Allies, but they are not desirous of pursuing such a citizens of character, residing in the capital city of my State. course to the extent of precipitating any incident which Signed by the committee on resolutions and dated July l, might involve us in war. I believe that 90 percent of the 1940, Wake County Courthouse, where the meeting was held, people of North Carolina, and likewise 90 percent of the Raleigh, N.C. people of the Nation, particularly the mothers, are vigorously The number voting in favor of the resolution was 116; those and violently opposed to sending their sons abroad to par­ voting "no" were 28. ticipate in the quarrels of Europe which have been proceeding for ·more than 300 years as the outcome of their warlike Mr. President, I desire now to make some observations desires and of efforts to change and adjust territorial boun­ concerning another subject, namely, the enforcement of the daries. immigration .laws of the United States. While the Immigration and Service has been The second resolving clause reads as follows: transferred, as we all know, from the Department of Labor 2. That it is the sentiment of this meeting that our country to the Department of Justice, where, for many reasons, I am should immediately and vigorously prepare for its adequate defense against any enemy or combination of enemies. glad indeed it h~ been established, and the indications are that the lax and lenient practices of the former Department­ I repeat that portion of clause 2 which reads: that is to say, the Department of Labor-may be superseded prepare for its adequate defense against any enemy or combina­ by a more sound and constructive policy in the administra­ tion of enemies. tion and enforcement of the immigration laws of the United I therefore am pleased to assume, from the wording and States, it may be well to review some of the evils attending the objective of the resolution, that North Carolinians and the administration of the law by the Labor Department if we are LXXXVI--583 9274 CQNGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 8 to avoid the pitfalls which led to the condition which resulted At the present time, as you know, Mr. President, we are -in the transfer of this important function of the Government concerned not only with unemployment but likewise with from one Department to the other by the President, with the nn-American, subversive interests in this ·country which are approval of the Members of this body and of the other House, calling for legislation that will weed them out, deport those constituting -the Congress of the United States. I think the guilty of such actions, and curb their subversive activities. President was justified, and.is to be applauded for his action, in It is unnecessary to recite the evils which led to the enact­ asking for the transfer of that important division of our Gov­ ment of the 1924 act. They are recalled to most of us by the ernment to the Department of Justice, where, I believe, it recollection of the races of vessels to American ports in an will be more properly and more promptly administered in all effort to unload their human cargoes before the quotas should respects than theretofore it was under the direction of the be exhausted, or by the sad plight of aliens who had pulled present Secretary of Labor. up all stakes and severed all ties with their home conntries in In full realization of the fact that this country was settled order to proceed to the United States, only to be found to by immigrants, including religious· and political refugees from be excludable upon arrival and inspection by the immigration other lands, and that every generation of the American people authorities at a port of entry, from that of our founding fathers down to the present day Mr. ·President, our immigration officials throughout the has taken pride in the fact that we have been able to offer a country as a whole, and the employees of the Immigration haven of refuge for the oppressed people of the Old World, we and Naturalization Service, are doing a great work. I have should not overlook the fact that the era of expansion and found that to be the fact at several of the ports which I have development of our country along geographical lines may have visited from time to time. Only last week I spent several drawn to a close and that henceforth the arrival of every new days in New York, during which time I provided myself with immigrant must be viewed with an increasing regard for the the opportunity of visiting the Immigration Sta:. best interests of our country as a whole rather than the indi­ tion. There I heard several boards examine and inquire into vidual immigrant's desire to escape from the deplorable con­ the cases of innumerable immigrants from foreign shores who ditions abroad or to improve his economic condition by becom- had come here with the intention of remaining permanently. ing a part of our national life. . I was impressed with the care which the members of the In other words, Mr. President, for many years past there respective boards gave to every single case. I was very have been those who, upon reasonable grounds, have con­ pleasantly impressed with the fine consideration which they tended that from the evidence before them and from the gave to the application of every immigrant who has been experience of the past our immigration laws have been ad­ detained there pending final decision upon his case. To those ministered for the benefit of the applicant for admission to men I desire to pay the tribute which I have just paid. this country, for the benefit of the immigrant, for the benefit Mr. President, it was principally to prevent the hardships of the alien, and that, on the other hand and to the contrary, resulting in such cases under the old system that the present they have not been administered for the benefit of the coun­ consular immigration visa system was inaugurated. It is well try itself, which should have our first consideration, our first that that system was inaugurated, for the reasons I have just care and thought. · enumerated, in cases in which unfortunates in other lands The people of the United States, through their chosen seeking the freedom of this country would pull up stakes, representatives in the Senate and the House of Representa­ sever all ties with the country of their birth, and come here tives, came to the conclusion 20 years. ago that the unre­ only to find that perhaps they could not pass the physical and stricted immigration of aliens into this country should be mental examination, or comply with the other requirements terminated and in addition to a strengthening of the qualita­ of our laws. tive standards for the admission of aliens, which had pre­ The immigration visa or ~igration certificate system was viously existed, a quantitative restriction was imposed through · considered and debated in Congress for nearly 100 years be­ the quota system. This system was greatly improved in 1924 fore it was finally enacted into law. It was not the product through the enactment of the Immigration Act of that year, of snap. judgment, nor was it the result of hastily conceived which not only established the national origins plan for the legislative action. It was the result of cool and deliberate determination of immigration quotas, but also inau.gurated thought, tempered with a sympathetic_regard for aliens wno the immigration visa system, under which the administration might seek to transport themselves to this country without of the quotas was placed in the hands of American consular the necessary qualifications for admission, as I have just officers throughout the world, who were given the power to explained. It was the result of many trials and errors in stop inadmissible immigrants at their foreign source and to dealing with the. problem of immigration. No governmeiJt stop all immigrants at their foreign source when the quotas ever conceived and produced a measure with greater care for become filled. the best interests of its ·own citizens and more sympathy fqr That, indeed, was a step in the right direction. At that and understanding of the problems of immigrants. time, Mr. President, if the Government had put its finger Unfortunately, however, to the responsible heads of the upon the question which interests us today-the question even Department of Labor the history of our immigration laws was of the admission of aliens into this country under the an unlearned lesson. Through a misconstruction and a mis­ quotas-and for a given number of years had stopped the im­ application of the history and substance of the law, gross migration of aliens into this country, we should not be evils reared their ugly heads above the confusion and turmoil bothered as we now are with the 11,000,000 unemployed, the of that Department during the past 7 years, before the Immi­ 26,000,000 American citizens employed only part time, perhaps gration and Naturalization Service was transferred to the De­ the expenditure involved now in maintaining 2,700,000 per­ partment of Justice. Finally, in an effort to avert a national sons on the W. P. A. rolls, the upkeep of 300,000 young men scandal, the President of the United States stepped in and in the C. C. C. camps, and perhaps at this hour we should stemmed the tide of nullification and nonenforcement of the not have before us the problem of providing employment for law, which was running strongly against the preponderant the 750,000 young boys and girls who are graduating from and overwhelming sentiment of our people that something be our high schools and colleges annually in this country, for done about enforcing our immigration laws, because only with­ whom we cannot find employment, and concerning whom it in the past several years have the American people become is said that only one out of every three within the next 3 to 5 conscious of the violation of those laws in this country. years will be able to secure employment. That is a situation These are strong statements, but they do not exaggerate the which I contend is disgraceful; a situation which should be facts, as I shall later show by written evidence. To be more remedied by now bringing about the enactment into law of specific, a few of the evils to which reference has been made a bill which I have introduced in the Senate of the United may be mentioned. States, which would stop all immigration into this country Instead of enforcing the deportation laws of the United for the next 10 years, or certainly until such time as every States without fear or favor, as any competent and efficient unemployed and employable American citizen is provided administrative officer should have done but those in office with an American job. did not do, an alien-coddling policy was adopted by the Secre- 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 9275 tary of Labor, under which warrants of deportation of alien consular office in that country for an immigration visa would criminals and law violators and undesirables were suspended be guaranteed a return to the United States. In other words, in several thousand so-called hardship cases involving these undesirable aliens would go there upon the advice of aliens who for the most part were wholly undesirable, but the Secretary of Labor and seek readmission into this coun­ who had acquired certain family ties in this country after try by way of a visa to be issued by Canada; and if Canada having succeeded in effecting illegal entrance, often by fraud could not, in view of the smell of the criminal alien, admit and misrepresentation, and frequently by committing such him, then it was suggested that we would admit him here infamous crimes as forgery and perjury. without embarrassment to Canada and without regard to In that connection, Mr. President, I desire to state that we their having to maintain him as we had maintained him for had the subject of deportable aliens before this body in the years. If the alien should be granted an immigration visa, form of what the Department of Labor was pleased to term he would be admitted lawfully as an immigrant; but if the "hardship cases." At that time, several years ago, I went to immigration visa should be refused by the consular officer, the Department rf Labor; and there, without difficulty, I took the alien would be accepted back into the United States from the files some several hundred cases that had been without an immigration visa and would resume the status dubbed "hardship cases," descriptive of alien criminals whom he had in this country prior to his departure. the Secretary of Labor wanted to remain in this country The aliens who went to Canada to obtain immigration despite the fact that they had violated our laws to the nth visas from American consular officers in that country obvi­ degree. I looked into those cases with some care, and con­ ously were immigrants under our law. They had admitted sumed several days upon the floor of the Senate in bringing their immigrant status by applying for immigration visas. individual cases to the attention of the Members of the Sen­ Their readmission into the United States was therefore ate. I found that in hundreds of cases which I recited upon illegal unless they presented valid immigration visas, since the floor of the Senate the individuals concerned were per­ section 13 (a) of the Immigration Act of 1924---section 213a, jurers and thieves and highwaymen, and had committed al­ title 8, United States Code Annotated, entitled "Persons not most every crime specified upon the statute books of this to be admitted"-specifically states that-- · country. No immigrant shall be admitted to the United States unless The records of some of those cases I have in my office today, he (1) has an unexpired immigration visa or was born subsequent to the issuance of an immigration visa of the accompanying parent, The failure to deport with firmness and promptness this (2) is of the nationality specified in the visa in the immigration motley horde of national gate crashers was the key which visa, (3) is a nonquota immigrant if specified in the visa in the opened a veritable Pandora's box of other evils. Having immigration visa as such, and (4) is otherwise admissible under been given the benefit of a suspension of deportation proceed­ the immigration laws. ings, thereby tasting the fruits of nonenforcement of our In addition to violating subdivision (1) o.f section 13 (a)., laws, the aliens, their families, friends, and attorneys, pro­ subdivision (4) of that section was also violated in such cases. ceeded to request a slice of the cake of nullification. Thus since the reason for the failure of an immigrant to obtain the preexamination procedure was born. the immigration visa from the American consular officer Under this extralegal procedure an alien who had entered would more than likely have been that he was not admissible the United Stat-es in an illegal manner could be preexamined into the United States under the immigration laws. The by the immigration authorities of the Immigration and Natu­ Department of Labor had therefore reached the point of ad­ ralization Service in order to ascertain in advance whether mitting, or promising to admit, aliens who not only were he would be admitted lawfully into this eountry should he without the immigration visas required by law but who were condescend to depart for some country in the Western Hemi­ ineligible to receive immigration visas because they were in­ sphere and apply for admission at a port of entry after admissible to the United States under the various excluding having procured a suitable immigration yisa from an American provisions of the immigration laws relating to the unde­ consular officer in such foreign country. Of course, a feeble sirable classes. effort to justify this procedure was made on the ground that Thus the cart came to be placed before the horse, and the it saved the taxpayers the expense of deporting such an alien admirable immigration visa system established by Congress from this country. in an effort to stop undesirable immigrants at their foreign Mr. President, that is about the slimmest excuse I have source was so perverted that it was being used to stop the ever heard of in my life, because if those several thousand undesirable immigrants inside of the United States. Instead criminal aliens who had entered this country illegally and of applying for an immigration visa at an American consular who had violated viciously our laws had been deported at office an alien had a better chance of getting into the United the expense of the American Government, the American States, especially if he was inadmissible in a lawful manner, Government certainly would have saved a large portion of by entering illegally and availing himself of the questionable the $17,000,000 which the taxpayers of the United States are preexamination procedure. paying annually to support the criminals who are crowding It is known that in some cases aliens who had entered the our penitentiaries and State penal institutions. United States unlawfully, or for a lawful temporary period It was soon found, however, that no country of the Western after which they remained unlawfully, applied for the privi­ Hemisphere wanted to take a chance on such aliens by ad­ leges of the preexamination procedure in order to evade not mitting them in order that they could apply to our consular only the quota res-trictions of our immigration laws but also officers for immigration visas. What if the immigration the other qualitative restrictions of those laws. The pre­ visas should be refused? That was the question uppermost examination procedure was an inducement to aliens to enter in the minds of those interested. Such country would be left illegally in the hope of availing themselves of this nullifica- holding the bag with a very undesirable alien inside of it. tion pie. . Canada particularly, to which most of such aliens found it This can tie better illustrated, however, by passing to the to be most convenient for them to proceed, would take no such next step in this sordid procedure and considering the further chance. startling evils to which such nonenforcement of the law had The Department of Labor was not to be deterred by such led, namely, the seventh proviso evil. Before proceeding with a small thing as this, however. They were already in this a discussion of the seventh proviso, on which I shall dwell at slimy business up to their knees, and they now plunged in length finally, I wish again to make my position clear to this up to their necks. They worked out an agreement--they body and to the American people. When I employ the word preferred to call it an understanding, since international "alien" I speak of the individual who comes from foreign agreements are known in some quarters as treaties, and shores to this country, who is not an American citizen, and treaties require the advice and consent of the Senate of the who has been here year in and year out for many years, en­ United States in order to make them effective-under which joying the fruits of this Nation, and the protection of its flag, they agreed or understood that each such alien Canada but who has never been sufficiently interested to make would admit for the purpose of applying at an American application for American citizenship. In employing the word .9276 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 8 "'alien" I do not have in mind those fine men of high caliber suggest that we inaugurate and construct detention camps or those excellent women of high standing who have pre­ on islands outside continental United States. ferred our country to their own. I have the greatest respect Mr. President, I want to go further in explaining to the for those who come here from foreign shores, both men and Members of this body and to the American people, through women. I admire their ambition to become affiliated with the columns Of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, my attitude in our people and to become citizens of our country. In employ­ reference to this matter. Some of the closest friends I ing the word "alien" I speak only of those who have come have are American citizens of foreign birth who made here illegally and who have remained here illegally; those application for American citizenship and have become Ameri­ who arrived here legally and have remained illegally; can citizens. I am proud and happy to state that I know of those who came here legally or illegally and have remained no better citizenry anywhere in the broad expanse of our here for years without ever attempting to make application great country than personal friends of mine who have be­ for American citizenship, without showing that they are ccme American citizens and who have become great leaders. actually sincerely desirous of becoming a part of this great In addition to them, I call to mind without difficulty innum­ country which comprises more than 130,000 ,000 people. I erable other persons with whom I have the honor to have an realize that some of our finest men, some of our greatest acquaintanceship, who were once aliens but now are among patriots, statesmen, businessmen, and industrialists-men the finest citizens we have. Let it be known that there is associated with the development of our country-have been no distinction, and no distinction shall in my mind ever be of the number who volunteered to accept homes in our land, drawn, and no distinction should ever be countenanced, be­ and to them we have extended our welcome, and to them we tween the American citizens who have become citizens by have provided our praise. their desire and request, and those of us who fortunately In this hour of great problems and trials and tribulations were born.within the shadows of the great hills of our own of the world I call to mind this subject, because the American country. people are interested in weeding out the alien criminals, the Mr. President, I know personally innumerable persons who undesirables, and sending them back to the countries whence came from foreign shores who are now making application they came. for American citizenship. For one I say that with open arms Of course, that provides us with another problem. In view I shall welcome them to citizenship in our land. But I do of the fact that the totalitarian governments are anything not want to permit to remain here alien criminals who have but friendly to us--one of those totalitarian governments ccme here illegally, and who have remained here illegally; having swallowed Czechoslovakia, old Hungary, part of and this is the time of all times to interest ourselves in their Poland, all of Holland and Belgium, and that Germany is deportation to their respective lands, or to have them placed now joined by Italy, and that the axis powers now control in detention camps. Now is the time to do that, in view of France-! dare say that we would now experience great diffi­ the interest we have displayed in reference to national unity culty in prevailing successfully upon the dictators of those and national defense. countries to receive back their nationals whom we have found I may add in passing that foreigners who have made appli­ to be undesirables and criminals, as probably they were before cation for Ainerican citizenship are more anxious than any­ they ever reached these shores. one else that we weed out the alien criminal. Why? The So there is a problem which must be met, perhaps, by the answer is a perfectly natural one. Because when they ob­ Congress. Why? Because with thousands upon thousands tain American citizenship they do not want reflection to be of aliens, noncitizens, criminals, and undesirables roaming the cast upon them by undesirables from their native lands or land, we do not have the facilities or the space in our Federal from any other foreign lands. penitentiaries to house them. The Commissioner of Immi­ I have received hundreds of communications as the result gration and Naturalization stated before a Senate committee of broadcasts made by me over the radio, from those who on Immigration several years ago that statistics in the posses­ have made application for American citizenship, and they sion of his department revealed that more than 20,000 alien are more desirous than American citizens themselves to see criminals were roaming the country from the Atlantic to the that this house is cleansed, so that there will not be the Pacific. slightest reflection cast upon them. I congratulate them Mr. President, if, as I hope, under the direction of the able upon their attitude, and I think they are entirely right in Attorney General of the United States, those who are cooper­ taking that position. ating with him in the particular division of the Government THE SEVENTH-PROVISO BILL shall be successful in rounding up these undesirables who Mr. President, the seventh-proviso evil is quite important are participating in subversive activities, alien criminals, then to discuss in order that the Department of Justice may escape there must be some place to put them. What shall we do the pitfalls that await them unless they know what was done with them? I have, offhand, a suggestion that we provide by the Labor Department under the seventh proviso. It so detention camps for them in the vicinity of certain Federal happened that in preexamining an alien in order to advise institutions, where are now located the necessary adminis­ him whether it would be worth his while to go out of the trative forces. Perhaps these alien criminals would be so United States and seek an immigration visa with which to obnoxious and so undesirable to the people of the respective apply for lawful admission as an immigrant, it was sometimes States wherein the Federal institutions referred to are located found that there were grounds of exclusion existing in the that possibly detention camps might have to be provided on alien's case, which would preclude him from obtaining an islands outside continental United States. Certainly no one immigration visa from an American consular officer, and in th ~ s country wants to be associated with alien criminals. which would likewise preclude such an alien from being Certainly no one in this country wants to co~tinue to pay lawfully admitted even if he should succeed in deceiving the taxes for the maintenance of criminal nationals of other coun­ consular officer and obtain an immigration visa in an irregu­ tries. Certainly we should no longer coddle alien criminals lar manner. whom we have coddled for years. Certainly we, as a nation, The best justification for the pre-examination--our cart­ looking to our own preservation and benefit, should no longer before-the-horse procedure--if, indeed, there could be any put up with these subversive individuals who are attempting justification at all for it, would seem to have been that it to destroy our Government. Certainly we should not permit enabled the immigration authorities to weed out the unde­ alien criminals and other aliens who are interested in sabo­ sirable elements among our illegally resident alien popula­ tage and espionage to remain in our midst. They are not· tion and deport them. But that was not the fact, as the pre­ entitled to the same consideration to which criminal citizens examination procedure was not established with any idea or are entitled. Alien criminals, those who would destroy our intent that the alien concerned would be deported. The pre­ Government, are not entitled to imprisonment within the examination idea was conceived with a view to making ex­ confines of the continental United States, and therefore I amination of the immigrant applicant upon his native shores 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE 9277 before coming to the United States. It was a procedure for -case of the United States v. Parisi (24 Fed. Supp. 414) Federal getting an aiien lawfully into our country if possible, and not Judge Chestnut stated that a- one for getting undesirable aliens out. It was a procedure Domicile within the United States cannot be properly based on an designed wholly for the benefit of the alien, and not for the entry which is unlawful under the immigration laws. benefit of the· country. National self-interest majestically In the case of Kaplan v. Todd (267 U.S. 228) the Supreme yielded to the individual interests of aliens and their repre­ Court held that an alien could not be dwelling in the United sentatives, friends, and attorneys in the United States. The States without having been lawfully admitted for permanent statutes themselves were curried with a fine-toothed comb in residence; but these cases also can be construed away if there an effort to find any loophole which would be large enough to is a will so to do, since there was no clear-cut issue in them take in all the undesirable classes of deportable aliens. Some regarding the true meaning and scope of the seventh proviso legallight--I do not know who he was-found what is known in section 3 of the Immigration Act of 1917, and since our as the seventh proviso in section 3 of the Immigration Act of legislators did not embody in that proviso words to the effect February 5, 1917. He dressed it up in a brand-new skirt of that a domicile of 7 years must of necessity have been interpretation and put it to work in these cases. obtained by an immigrant who had legally entered. The seventh proviso, which follows the list of excluded To me, Mr. President, it is ·utterly inconceivable that Con­ classes of aliens enumerated in section 3 of the act mentioned, gress could ever have intended that the seventh proviso would reads as follows: be applicable in the case of an alien who had entered the United States in an illegal manner, because he was ineligible Provided further, That aliens returning after a temporary absence to an unrelinquished United States domicile of 7 consecutive years to enter in a lawful manner, and that by hiding out for a may be admitted in the discretion of the Secretary of Labor and period of 7 years he could become eligible for lawful entry in under such conditions as he may ·prescribe. the discretion of the Secretary of Labor. Under the strained In other words, an alien who had resided in this country for interpretation of the meaning and scope of the seventh pro­ 7 years consecutively and who went out of the country and viso, the Department of Labor assumed the actual authority then attempted to come back, might be admitted in the dis­ to deal with the cases of aliens illegally in the United States, cretion of the Secretary of Labor and under such conditions who were ineligible under the law for entry in a lawful man­ as the Secretary of Labor might then prescribe for his ner, and exercised the imaginary discretionary power to waive all kinds of grounds of exclusion in such cases in order that admission. aliens might depart from the United States, procure suitable Mr. President, why could not this provision of law be so immigration visas somewhere else, and be admitted as immi­ construed as to make it applicable to aliens who had resided grants for permanent residence, although under our laws in the United States illegally for 7 years? That is what the they would not be admissible as permanent residents. Department of Labor then began to consider. The seventh In some cases aliens who applied for preexamination were proviso provided that one who had lived here for 7 years-! found to be excludable on one of the grounds mentioned in the believe the authors of the proviso had in mind an alien living law. They were told that they were not eligible for admis­ here legally for 7 consecutive years-might be readmitted to sion under the discretionary authority in the seventh proviso the country. The Labor Department, in order to keep crimi­ because they had not lived illegally in the United States for nal aliens here-and if they could not be kept here, if they the necessary period of. 7 consecutive years, but that if they were deported, to send them to Canada and bring them back kept on violating the law by remaining in the country illegally here-did what? It put one of its legal scouts to work scurry­ until the 7 years had passed they might come back and ask ing the statutes of the country to ascertain how alien crimi­ for seventh-proviso action in order to have all their sins nals could be kept here, so that they might continue to be washed away and their status purified by the seventh proviso. supported by the taxpayers of the country. The legal scout Such a perversion of our immigration laws by public servants found the seventh proviso. That legal scout, with his keen sworn to enforce them can ·scarcely be conceived or realized. snout for a loophole to evade the immigration laws of the However, in order to make the realization effective, refer­ ·United States, particularly the seventh proviso of the law of ence may be made to the list--and I am coming to it-of 1917, said, "It is my opinion that this proviso can be so in- more than 700 criminal aliens who were waived into the terpreted and construed as to readmit to this country one who United States by the Department of Labor under the seventh has resided here for 7 years, regardless of whether or not lle proviso~ Think of it. The Department of Labor, under the entered legally." direction and in the discretion of the present Secretary of So, Mr. President, if the seventh proviso could be so con­ Labor, readmitted to this country 700 criminal aliens who strued, it would confer upon the Secretary of Labor the dis­ had been apprehended, and whom we wanted to deport, but cretionary power-illegal, I say-to admit such aliens under whom the Secretary of Labor did not want deported. any conditions she might deem or dream to be appropriate. One of these aliens was previously deported from the United It matters not that for a period of more than 15 years since States because of his membership in the Communist Party. its enactment this proviso had been construed, as I construed He reentered illegally, thereby committing a felony, for which it a moment ago, to apply only to aliens who had established he has never been prosecuted. The seventh proviso was in­ a lawful domicile in the United States. Such lawful domicile voked to wash him clean; he was sent to Mexico to procure could not be established unless the alien had entered our an immigration visa. While his case was under consideration borders legally. While there was, of course, no doubt that at an American consular office in that country he was read­ Congress had in mind a lawful domicile when the proviso was mitted into the United States without an immigration visa. enacted, still Congress neglected so to state, and thus the He will, of course, be deportable under the Smith bill, which application of the proviso to an unlawful domicile was became the Registration Act of 1940 upon its approval by the inaugurated. President a few days ago and which provides for the registra­ There are no court decisions holding that this proviso re­ tion and fingerprinting of aliens in the United States. lates to a domicile unlawfully acquired. Why should there Mr. President, I was naturally highly elated when that bill be any? On the other hand, if the immigration authorities was signed by the President of the United States and enacted decide that such is the proper construction of the law, how into law, because for more than 5 years I have advocated in will any case ever get into the courts? Surely no alien will this body and also before the people of America by way of contest such a ruling in his favor. American citizens who speeches on the platform and broadcasts over the radio meas­ are interested in the enforcement of our immigration laws ures which would enable this country to protect itself against have no right to intervene in such matters in order to see certain influences by requiring the registration and finger­ that the laws are properly construed and enforced. There are printing of every noncitizen or alien as is done in other coun­ some court decisions to the effect that domicile in the United tries that have been more diligent about such matters than States cannot be predicated upon an illegal entry. In the have we, but, unfortunately for me, I was never able to secure 9278 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 8 favorable action upon my bill. When I learned that Mr. then we will prick up our ears and think about this thing as HowARD SMITH, the able Member of the House of Representa­ concretely and as enthusiastically as we did a few days ago tives from the State of Virginia, had introduced a bill of that about the registration and fingerprinting measure, although kind with other provisions I was elated, particularly when I a short time prior to its enactment many people doubted that learned that the bill would come through the Judiciary Com­ we would be so cruel as to finge;rprint the poot little aliens in mittee over there, as it did here; and when it was enacted into our midst, when many of these poor little aliens were all the law I was pleased because I knew that the very thing I had time boring from within while we remained the big sap of fought for upon the floor of the Senate and throughout the the world, as we have always remained insofar as aliens of broad expanses of this Nation at last had been realized. I this character are concerned. was happy, Mr. President, because I knew certainly that in Mr. President, both these arms or hands of the Govern­ this emergency, of all times, we needed to ascertain who were ment are now under one head, the Attorney General of the our friends and who were our enemies, where our noncitizens United States, Mr. Jackson, the chief law o:flicer of the execu­ were residing, whenct! they came, when they came, how they tive branch of the Government. If he is unable to reverse came, where they landed, whether legally or illegally, and, if the interpretation of the seventh proviso adopted by the they landed legally, whether or not they remained and are Labor Department, he is, at least, able to exercise his discre­ now here legally. Now that that bill will soon go into opera­ tion more circumspectly and to prevent the abuse of that tion by reason of the administrative portions thereof on Sep­ discretion which has marked the administration of the law tember 1, I shall feel that my country has been made more . by the Department of Labor. safe. Mr. President, ·it is understood that the pre-examination In passing I might add that at the present time we on the procedure of the Department of Labor has been discontinued Military Affairs Committee of the Senate are now holding by the Department of Justice. At least, I recall having ob­ public hearings upon a bill designed to bring about com­ served an article in one of the lucal newspapers several days pulsory registration for military selective service; and I recall ago in reference to that by way of an interview which came that the bill requires that every male individual in the con­ frqm the Attorney General. fines of the United States and its Territories between the The Smith bill, as I said a moment ago, made this step nec­ ages of 18 and 65, American citizen or alien, shall register for essary upon its enactment, since the second paragraph in such selective training service. I hope that the paragraph or section 30, title III, of that_bill, which became the Registra­ section requiring likewise aliens to register will not be elimi­ tion Act of 1940, as mentioned a moment ago, when it was nated upon the theory or the ground or the arguments that approved by the President on June 28, 1940, reads as follows: we already have a mandatory registration and fingerprinting Any alien seeking to enter the United States who does not present law applying to them. a visa (except in emergency cases defined by the Secretary of State), a reentry permit, or a border-crossing identification card shall I recognize, as does the able senior Senator from Michigan be excluded from admission to the United States. [Mr. VANDENBERG], who does me the honor to listen so atten- · tively, that the Smith bill is not a perfect bill; indeed, very It will no longer be, by any stretch of the imagination, few bills are perfect; and that in January there will be some legally permissible for the Immigration and Naturalization suggestions by way of amendment through additional bills Service to do what? To promise to accept an illegally resi­ placed before the Members of this body for their attention dent alien· back into the United States without a visa, as was designed to strengthen that law, -for we know that aliens promised prior to the admission of aliens back into the United who are in this country illegally are not going voluntarily to States by the present Secretary of Labor. present themselves at post o:flices or elsewhere for registra­ Mr. President, in reference to that subject, let me say that tion, knowing that the probabilities are that they will be I had heard of this violation, as I claim, of our immigration forthwith deported. So additional legislation with a view to laws by our Secretary of Labor. I had heard that our present strengthening the Smith Act-and congratulations to Repre­ Secretary of Labor had been misconstruing the seventh sentative SMITH-will then be introduced. proviso of the Immigration Act of 1917 by permitting alien Mr. President, some of the aliens on the list-and I have criminals to leave -fuis country to go to Canada or Mexico the information from the State Department at my request and get a reentry visa and come back into this country, over the signature of an o:flicial of the State Department, so whereas if application initially had been made by them under that there can be no question about it-have long been public the· immigration laws they would not have been permitted to charges in the United States and are still drawing relief at come here. I could not conceive of a high executive of the the expense of the taxpayers of this country. They are, of Government assuming to place upon the seventh proviso of course, excludable under the law, but the excluding grounds that act the interpretation which was placed upon it by the in their cases have been waived by the Secretary of Labor Secretary of Labor. I was actually appalled when I learned under a perverted construction of the seventh proviso, as I what had been done, in the face of the fact that we have have just explained. Other aliens on the list are affiicted in this country more crime than is found in any other coun­ with a loathsome or dangerous contagious disease; some have try upon the face of the earth; that we have in this country tuberculosis, which in itself is a ground of exclusion. But more alien criminals than are to be found in any other the great majority of the aliens are criminals of the worst country upon the face of the earth; in the face of the fact type-thieves, embezzlers, smugglers, rapists, perjurers, forg­ that we have too many criminals of our own, without main­ erers, and the like. Are they any more desirable because they taining and coddling the alien criminals of other lands; but happen to have relatives in tt,,e United States? it was done. So I took up the matter with the Department of They co~e in the same category and classification as State. thousands of alien criminals who have been kept in this Mr. KING. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? country for years by the Secretary of Labor under the guise Mr. REYNOLDS. Yes; I gladly yield. · of classifying them as "hardship cases," which several years Mr. KING. I was interested in the observation made by ago I brought to the attention of this body; as gathered from the Senator that the present Secretary of Labor permitted the files of the Department of Labor Immigration and Natu­ alien criminals who had come to the United States to go to ralization Division. Canada or to some other country, and then, I suppose, after While the Federal Bureau of Investigation is, on the one they had obtained a passport or a visa, received them back hand, engaged ·in tracking down criminals in this country, into the United States. it is fervently to be hoped that the Immigration and Naturali­ Mr. REYNOLDS. Yes; permitted them to reenter. I will zation Service, on the other hand, will stop setting aside our say to the able Senator from Utah, whom I know to be very immigration and deportation laws in order to let more alien much interested in this subject and its relation to subversive criminals into ·this country. We already have enough of activities, that I am informed that it was understood that them; we already have too many of them; and we will find there was an agreement, or, rather, an understanding-be­ certainly within a few years that we have too many, and cause an agreement would have been considered a treaty, and 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE 9279 the Senate would have had to pass upon the treaty-that if Justice, under whose direction this law will be administered the other countries concerned did not permit the aliens to from now on, shall not encounter any hazards or pitfalls. come across their borders, we would take them back. In other Here is the list. I read: words, there was an .understanding to the effect that if the List of aliens whose admission into the United States has been countries referred to would not permit visas to be issued to authorized by the Secretary of Labor and the grounds of exclusion the criminals delivered to them to come back into this coun­ which h ave been waived in each case under the Department of Labor's interpretation of the discretionary authority contained try, we would take them back, thus sparing embarrassment in the seventh proviso in section 3 of the Immigration Act of and expense to the countries to which they had gone. February 5, 1917. Mr. KING. May I further inquire whether the crimes of I repeat, and I emphasize, and I recall to the attention of which these persons were guilty were malum in se or merely the Senators who do me the honor to listen, that the crimes malum prohibitum? I can conceive, possibly, of the Secre­ of those whose names I shall read, respectively and. at length, tary of Labor permitting a person to leave the United States were waived by the Secretary of Labor. They follow. I and afterward reenter it who had violated some act which was shall first read the alien's name, and then I shall read the not malum in se, but was merely malum prohibitum; some grounds of exclusion, the grounds that were waived, and then ordinance or some act which did not involve moral turpitude. I shall leave to the sound judgment of the American people Mr. REYNOLDS.. Certainly, as the Senator knows, an alien whether or not I have been right during the past 5 years, coming into the United States illegally is classed as a felon. from day to day and from week to week, in demanding that That is the classification under which such aliens fall. our representatives in the Government deport alien criminals In answer to the Senator's question, I desire now to bring who are trying to destroy our Government, the same alien to his attention the names of some of the aliens to whom I criminals who unquestionably will indulge in sabotage and refer; and I shall· recite the crimes of which they were con­ espionage. victed. I will say to the Senator that what I am about to LIST OF ALIENS WHOSE ADMISSION INTO THE UNITED STATES HAS BEEN bring to his attention is not hearsay. I did not want to make AUTHORIZED BY THE SECRETARY OF LABOR AND THE GROUNDS OF EXCLU­ any statement in regard to what I had heard, or what some­ SION WHICH HAVE BEEN WAIVED IN EACH CASE UNDER THE DEPARTMENT body had told me which he had heard from somebody else; so OF LABOR'S INTERPRETATION OF THE DISCRETIONARY AUTHORITY CON­ TAINED IN THE SEVENTH PROVIso IN SECTION 3 OF THE IMMIGRATION · I obtained this information officially from the State Depart­ ACT OF FEBRUARY 5, 1917 ment. I paid several personal visits to that Department; and Nicola Palombella, perjury.1 in order to have my interest of an official nature in the form Herman Juristicansky, perjury and forgery.1 of a record, I directed a communication in confirmation of Manuel Gonzalez, smuggling. personal statements I had made and conversations I had had Stanislaw Hroncich, perjury .1 ·Francesco Adelfio, perjury.1 over the telephone. Matteo Manzi, perjury 1 and marriage license fraud. Mr. KING. Then the Senator means that the persons who Pietro Giacoponello, perjury 2 and forgery.2 left the United States had been guilty of felonies, and that Salvatore Barbarino, perjury.1 they went to some foreign country, obtained visas and came Peter Vogel, theft. Solomon Bereshkofsky, perjury and forgery.~ back again, notwithstanding the fact that they had been Fred Busiad, perjury 1 and registration fraud. branded as criminals by reason of having committed felonies Eugenio Zappa, perjury.1 rather than violations of some unimportant regulation? Albin Anton Wait, perjury in deportation prooeedings. Vincenzo Cosentino, perjury.1 Mr. REYNOLDS. Quite so; and that was permitted to be Giuseppe Campo, perjury and forgery.1 done under what I claim to be a legal misinterpretation of Bernardo Staffetta, perjury.1 the statute itself·. Victor C. Da Silva, perjury.2 Antonio Prestigiacomo, perjury and forgery.s Mr. President, I have before me and I now read from a Luigi Castagna, perjury and forgery.2 letter upon the letterhead of the Department of State, Wash­ Anna S. Hoffman, perjury and forgery.8 ington, D. C. This letter is dated June 1, 1940. In the left­ Manlio Bandel, perjury.1 hand corner it says: Nicolo Kanyer, perjury.1 Joseph Plisich, perjury.1 Address official communications to the Secretary of State, Wash­ Leib Gittleman, perjury.1 ington, D. c. Pietro Ferrandino, perjury.1 George Bugariu, perjury and forgery (reentry permit and nat- In type directly beneath the seal: uralization frauds). In reply refer to VD 150.07/172. Harry E. Hussel, perjury .2 · MY DEAR SENATOR REYNOLDS: With further reference to your Francesco Sapienza, perjury.s letter of April 29, 1940, I enclose herewith 1n accordance with your Demetrios Neohoritis, perjury (facts not stated). request a list of aliens whose admission into the United States has Raphael Funk, perjury and forgery.2 Helen Reiner !Burger, perjury and forgery.2 been authorized by the Secretary of Labor under the seventh proviso 2 1n section 3 of the Immigration Act of February 5, 1917. Henriette M. Kantor, perjury and forgery. Antonio Sgargliardich, perjury .1 With which I am confident the Senator from Utah is fully Antonio Seares Carinha, perjury and forgery (reentry permit and familiar, because I understand that the able Senator took a naturalization frauds). St anislaw Matuszewski, perjury 2 and illiteracy. very active part in those matters when we were bringing Max Grossman, perjury.2 about the enactment of that necessary legislation. Antonio Aiello, perjury (immigration fraud). Francesco Businelli, p~rjury .2 The grounds of exclusion which were waived in each case­ Gim'ieppe Sciacca, perjury .1 Mind you- Gino Bearzatto, perjury.3 Wasyl Fedkiw, perjury.1 The grounds of exclusion which were waived in each case­ Angelo Oddo, perjury and incestuous marriage and cohabitation Waived by authority of the Secretary of Labor, I add- in the State of New York. Angelo Innocenti, perjury.l are indicated opposite each name on the list and explained 1n the Bernard J. Springett, theft. footnotes at the end of the list, which is cumulative to this date, Richard Carl Rigge, perjury.2 and practically, although not entitrely, complete. Jose Victoria Garcia y Angelo, perjury and forgery.3 The file number of the Department of Labor in any of the cases Nassif Mahfooz, perjury .1 listed will be furnished upon your request. Simche Storch, perjury .1 Sincerely yours, Julia de Marchi, forgery .3 For the Secretary of State: Diego Lanza, perjury and forgery.t • BRECKENRIDGE LONG, Assistant Secretary. 1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining first or second papers illegally Enclosure: while in United States illegally. List of aliens. 2 Immigration visa fraud, followed by illegal entry and naturaliza­ That is where we become vitally interested. We want to tion fraud in obtaining first or second papers, or both first and second papers. see what the Secretary of Labor has been doing. We are a American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the pointing out these things in order that the Department of United St at es illegally. 9280 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 8 Lena G. Hendel, perjury.s Lorenz Rathje, bigamy. · Hermann Kass, perjury .1 Victor R. Stewart, theft. Katarzyna Kat, perjury.1 Ezio de Vecchi, perjury.1 Walter Klein, perjury.2 Giuseppe Patinella, perjury (reentry permit fraud). Zofia Dzierwa, perjury and forgery.s Matija Sega, perjury.2 Vasileff Atanasoff, perjury (facts not stated). Joseph Sabbath (Urjasovicius), perjury (visa and 1mmigrat1on Giuseppe Giovanni Giceli, perjury (reentry permit and natural1- frauds). £ation frauds). · Silvio Picarelli, perjury.a Josef Hirschowitz, perjury and forgery.s Andrej Baran, perjury.2 Sergio Parco, perjury.1 August A. Meyer, perjury.• Jacob Steiner, perjury.t Giovanni Hroncich, perjury.t Giuseppe Sucato, perjury and forgery.s Ruth Winkelstein Radin, perjury.1 Joan Feiesiu, perjury and forgery.2 Mario Lamerba, perjury .1 Edith T. Cortese, theft. Benny Schmukler, perjury and forgery.2 Andrew Duda, perjury.3 Joseph Dittiger, perjury.1 Pietro di Giacinta, perjury and forgery (visa, reentry permit, and Polyxeni Tsoukalos, forgery (counterfeit visa fraud). naturalization frauds). Francisco Camara, perjury and forgery.~ Anton Kuvac, perjury.2 Sarah Gomez, perjury.2 Giuseppe Lucarelli, perjury and forgery (visa, reentry permit, and Clemente Barros, perjury and forgery.2 naturalization frauds). Bojka Popova Milankov, perjury and forgery.• Alexander Szucs, perjury and forgery.1 George Bengarin, perjury (reentry permit and naturalization Josel Urjeszewicz, perjury and forgery.s frauds). · Chaim Kaplan, perjury and forgery.2 Giovanni B. Toffolo, perjury and forgery.2 Herman Frokers, perjury and forgery.~ Berta Kraemer, perjury and forgery (visa and immigration Francesco Batignani, perjury.t frauds). Charles F. Murchison, smuggling. Joseph Herschmann, perjury and forgery (visa and immigration Giovanni Lubicich, perjury.1 frauds). Mauro Gallo, perjury and forgery.3 Antonio Pravenzano, perjury and forgery.2 Ruben Bruck, perjury.1 Eugene Zappa, perjury .1 Jacob Leibowitz, perjury and forgery.1 Esther Klug Wiener, perjury (sec. 220, U.S. Code). Desidero Mazzella, perjury.1 Leo Usher Ackerman, perjury.2 Abraham Kotler, perjury and forgery.2 Alexander E. Barran, perjury (immigration and registration Angeli 'Galliano, perjury (reentry permit and naturalization frauds}. frauds). Corrado Arradio, perjury and forgery (reentry permit and nat- Max Natenson, perjury and forgery.11 uralization frauds). Giovanni Albano, perjury (facts-not stated). Maria Covi, perjury.a Antonio Cicotto, perjury.1 Giovanni Notaro, perjury and forgery.2 Carlo di Pinto, perjury and forgery. (visa and immigration frauds}, Antonio Giacoponello, perjury.1 Endrea Branoff, perjury.1 Ivan Ivancev, perjury.t David Tucker, theft. Eric Schafer, perjury.t Corrado Rutigliano, perjury.t John N. Chicouras, perjury.t Crazio Migliorata, perjury (reentry permit and naturalization Patrick J. Reilly, perjury (registration and naturalization frauda). frauds). Giovanni Caruso, perjury.t Evan Stoyanoff, theft (Dyer Act, automobile) . Constantine F. Polis, obtaining money under false pretenses. John Obradovic, perjury and forgery.' Joseph Veseliza, perjury.2 - Ernest 0. Custer, theft. Giuseppe Tominovich, perjury.t Wojciech Puzio, perjury and forgery.3 Edward Cereghino, perjury.t August K. F. Koch, theft. Gitta Rubin Ferman, perjury.:~ Pablo Uribe, perjury (immigration fraud). Oscar John Feldshau. perjury in United States Navy enlistment Krystina Pyrcz, perjury and forgery.a application. Giuseppe Belviso, perjury.1 Nicola Publiano, perjury (visa, passport, immigration, and nat- Bernardo Canale, perjury and forgery.~ uralization frauds). Edouard Vermeiren, theft. Stoyan Atanasoff, perjury.a Gertrude K. Greisel, perjury (visa and reentry permit fra:uds). Gerhard H. Nordenbrook, theft. Marco A. G. Hroncich, perjury.1 Oswald Getruer, perjury in application for extension of tampo- Joseph Weber, perjury (facts not stated). rary stay in United States. Silvio Pastine, perjury and conspiracy (registration and natural1· Bessie H. Waldman. perjury.t r;atton frauds). Henry Booth, theft. · Carmelina R. Zacchino, perjury.2 Gaetano Pafumi, perjury.1 Giuseppe Panico, perjury.1 Adolf Bayko, perjury in Canadian naturalization and U~ted Perla Kaufman, forgery (visa and immigration frauds). States immigration proceedings. Joseph Belich, perjury.1 Rachel Schildkraut, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Mandel Sztern, perjury and forgery.2 Paolo Scarola, perjury and forgery.2 Joseph Bedosti, perjury (reentry permit and naturalization Gerlando Mirasola, perjury and forgery.1 frauds). Johan Bodrog, perjury.a Chuna Ruben Apelbaum, perjury.1 Theodor Rosenberg, perjury.1 Giogio Pecoraro, perjury and forgery.1 Benjamin Benjaminoff, perjury.' Herman Bukrinsky, perjury.1 Max Weinrib, perjury and forgery~ Aaron Miller (Muller), perjury and forgery.1 Raimondo Bentivegna, perjury and forgery.:~ Franco Varisco, perjury and forgery.a Joseph Rosenwein, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Giuseppe Casola, perjury and forgery.2 Bruno Pontello, perjury (facts not stated). Rodolfo Scopaz, perjury.1 Efrajem Braun, perjury and forgery.3 Ramon de la Torre, burglary. Jozefa Braska, perjury, and previously deported (immigration.vtsa Daniel A. Sobreiro, perjury (registration fraud). fraud). Kasryl Szatman, perjury.1 Juibert De Ruiter, fraud in connection with the Ulegal manufac- Zarko Popov, perjury and forgery.3 ture of liquors. Crescenzo Albano, perjury and forgery.1 Louis Kotyuk, perjury and forgery .• Sam Storch, perjury.1 Mariano Mirti, perjury.2 Harry C. H. Gartner, perjury.1 Elijah Opatowski, perjury.1 Letterio Donato, perjury and subornation of perjury in registra- Macek Lechtensztejn, perjury,t tion fraud. Agata Szot, perjury.8 Giosue Cassaro, perjury.1 William H. Taylor, perjury.a Sam Fatigati, perjury.1 Thomas Sweeney, perjury and forgery (visa and immigration Estelle Weiner, perjury and forgery.a frauds). Harry Grundhand, perjury.1 Frederick V. Mauro, perjury (registration fraud). Marco Gaglione, perjury.1 Balint Recsanszki, perjury .• William E. Tomlinson, perjury.t Peter J. Straetmans, per~ury (facts not stated). 1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining first or second papers 1llegally Sebastian Romero, perjury (in deportation proceedings). while in United States 1llegall'y. 2 Immigration visa fraud, followed by illegal entry and naturaliza­ tion fraud in obtaining first or second papers, or both first and 1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining first or second papers illegally second papers. while in United States illegally. a American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the 2 Immigration visa fraud, followed by illegal entry and naturaliza­ United States ill'egally. tion fraud in obtaining first or second papers, or both first and 4 American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the second papers. United States illegally, followed by naturalization fraud in obtaining s American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the first or second papers, or both first and second papers. United States illegally. 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 9281 Anton Rogov1c, perjury.1 William A. Vagt, rape. Refugio Munoz, previous deportation as a prostitute. Arthur Santangelo, larceny. Robert E. Storm, perjury, several offenses, and likely become pub- Nora Hennelly, forgery.s lic charge. Juan Basurto, theft and illiteracy. Simon Peniowycz, perjury.• Despina A. A. Kermetzoglous, perjury and forgery (immigration Giuseppe Salvatore Prestia, perjury (registration fraud). visa and immigration frauds). Magdalena Kulifay, perjury and forgery,• John D. Higgins, public charge. Steven Moshluk, perjury (facts not stated). Fortunato Fiore, public charge and illiteracy. Alfred J. Willis, theft. Leon Vanooteghem, perjury (reentry permit frauds) . Irene V. Cote, theft. Joseph R. Dunn, public charge and assisted alien (passage paid by Carlo File, perjury.1 others). Serafim Ca.rvelho, perjury.1 Spyridon Petratos, previous attack of insanity, public charge, Joseph Vaselesky, repeated theft and other crimes. previously deported. Andrea Turco, perjury (facts not stated). Concepcion Flores, theft. Francesco Castelli, perjury (reentry permit and naturalization Sara Rivera, public charge. frauds). Alberta C. Olmedo, public charge. Adam Dzjamba, perjury and forgery.• Guilermo Gonzalez, theft. Domenico Zuccaro, perjury and forgery.a Leonard David Abreau, theft. Carmen R. de Garcia, perjury and forgery (immigration visa Francesco V. Giuffre, perjury and forgery (reentry permit fraud). fraud). Esperj'tnza Q. de Morales, perjury (registration fraud). Alessandro Mattioda, perjury and forgery (immigration visa John L. Pinchus, perjury (immigration visa and immigration fraud). frauds). Marie K. Skadra, perjury .• Ramon Gomez, 11literacy. Francesco Paradino, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Mrs. Ramon Gomez, likely become public charge. Henry .S. Harrington, theft. Frank A. Walden, perjury.1 Thomas E. Jones, perjury (previously excluded as a procurer of Edith M. Nye, pauper, likely become public charge, and assisted prostitutes). alien (passage paid by others) . Rudolf Breede, theft. Sebas Guerra, physically defective and likely become public Salvatore di Martino, fraud and conspiracy in obtaining relief in charge. United States. Carl A. R. Anderson, contributing to delinquency of minor. Morris Goldberg, fraud and uttering counterfeit immigration visa. Joseph Brajuha, perjury.1 Menta Goutis, 1llegal entry with immigration visa obtained by Frank Kovach, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). fraud and perjury. Mary Pauline Kaufman, likely become public charge. Patrick F. de Coste, perjury.1 Alfred Thomas Kaufman, likely become public charge. Angelo Calipano, perjury (reentry permit fraud). John L. O'Neill, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Antonio Campos, perjury and forgery.• Goldie Novossel, perjury and forgery.a Jose F. Pintasilgo, theft (convicted in New York of stealing gaso­ Isidro Ruiz, perjury (immigration fraud). line from automobile). Nikola Miskov, perjury.1 Veronica Wojcik. perjury.• Chana Brodsky, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Jack L. Knudsen, perjury and fraudulent claim to American citi- Calogero Bernardo, perjury and forgery (immigration, naturaliza- zenship in order to obtain employment. tion, and reentry permit frauds). Andrea Sosa, likely to become public charge. Guadalupe Martinez, likely become public charge. Ascencion Salinas, perjury (registration fraud) and illiteracy. Juan Martinez, likely become public charge. Eulalia Moreno, perjury (registration fraud) and illiteracy. Juan Raya, likely become publ1c charge. Bernard s. A. Studentkowski, perjury (immigration and registra- Mathilde Raya, likely become public charge. tion frauds). Fernando Vela, likely become public charge. Guglielmo Li Pera, forgery (uttering counterfeit immigration visa Soledad Tapia, likely become public charge. in entering illegally)~ Anna Voelker, tuberculosis. Anthony Alcamo, perjury (facts not stated). . · Abraham Mogolewsk1, perjury and forgery.• Antonio D'Oliveira Faneco, perjury and forgery (immigration visa Marya Chmura, perjury and forgery.8 fraud). Francesco Napoli, physically defective, illiterate, and likely become Francis A. Quider, theft (2 convictions). public charge. Elisa Del S. Lupini, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Carlos De Jesus, perjury (reentry permit fraud). Antonio de Miranda Vas, perjury and forgery (immigration visa lia Dellow, theft. fraud). Alice Rubenstein, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Marja Lemanski, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Luigio Fior Dei Tos, perjury and forgery.s Feltcits.s Morales, pub11c charge. Mary McCombe, perjury· and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Katerina Dubetz, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Joseph Csanyi, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Jan Grosko, theft. ' Juan Rivas, illiterate. William K. McDormand, theft. Giuseppe Casola, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud, Andrea Sosa, public charge. naturalization fraud), carrying concealed weapons, and violating Marie M. C. Beauvais, public charge. State prohibition laws. Emil Milost, perjury (immigration, registration, and reentry per- Antonio Gaudio, perjury (registration fraud). mit frauds). · Christophoros Divaris, perjury and forgery (registration and nat- Giuseppe Chiarenza, perjury (immigration visa fraud). uralization frauds). Luz R. de Clemmons, perjury, likely become public charge (mis- Atanasio Rodriguez, illiteracy. cegenation). Gittel Mart, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Eugenio Pupa, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Guadelupe Contreras, bigamy. Pietro D. Fantasia, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Joao da c. Gomes, perjury in deportation proceedings. Luigi Martini, perjury (immigration visa and reentry permit Antonio Joaquim, perjury and forgery.1 frauds). Camille Letendre, physically defective and likely become public Consuela A. De La Cruz, perjury and forgery (immigration visa charge. fraud). Ignacio Castmo, theft. Franciszek Machnik, perjury and forgery .• Bonifacia Archuleta, physically defective and likely become pub­ Edwin W. Thomasson, perjury (marriage-license fraud). lic charge. Herman Feinman, perjury.2 Diego Leo, larceny, carrying concealed weapons, and failure to Giuseppe Richeda, perjury (facts not stated). pay taxes. Felice Musci, perjury (Canadian passport and immigration Michele D. Gregorio, theft, perjury, and forgery (immigration frauds). visa fraud). Angelo Califano, perjury (facts not stated). Manuel Sustaita, physically defective. Charles J. Nahid, perjury (immigration visa and immigration port Faustino Sustaita, perjury in deportation proceedings. frauds). Sabatini Leo, perjury and forgery .3 Angela Nahid, perjury (immigration visa and immigration port John Mann, perjury in deportation proceedings. frauds). Juan Cabrera, perjury (immigration fraud). Domenico Monastieri, perjury.2 Cristina Flores, perjury (immigration fraud), also likely become William Lypen. perjury (facts not stated). public .charge. W. Robert Montgomery, violation of New York State banking Luigi D'Oria, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). laws. J. A. Tetreault, theft. Alfredo Coppotelli, perJury and forgery (immigration frauds) . Peter Borovina, likely become public charge.

1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining first or second papers illegally 1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining first or second papers illegally while in United States 1llegall'y. while in United States illegally. 2 Immigration visa fraud, followed by illegal entry and naturaliza­ 2 Immigration visa fraud, followed by illegal entry and naturaliza­ tion fraud in obtaining 1lrst or second papers, or both first and tion fraud in obtaining first or second papers, or both first and second papers. second papers. a American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the 8 American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the United States ill'egally. · United States ill'egally. 9282 CONGRESSIONAL R-ECORD-SENATE JULY 8 Joao M. de Oliveira, perjury (immigratiQn visa fraud). Manoel J. Ferreira, perjury (immigration visa fraud).­ John Benedetto, perjury in registration proceedings. Mario de J, -corona. likely bec~m·e public charge. - Hercule Le May, likely become public charge. · Bernard-Healey, previous attack of insanity and immigration fraud. Aubrey Canning, physically defective· and lik~ly become public Tomas N. Xavier, perjury (immigration fraudf. · charge. Johann Herold, reentry permit fraud. · - Jose A. Garcia, likely become public. charge. A~ice Ooucette, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Mary Fellius Garcia, likely become· public charge. Gmseppe Brucoli, perjury and forgery. - · Margarita Garcia, .likely become public charge. Elie Hadziangelou, perjury and forgery.a · Santo C. Campana, public ·charge--on relief. Norena B. MacKinnon, tuberculosis. Juan Valdez, perjury in deportation proce~dings (deported 3 Cat~rina Dezelic~. perjury and forgery (immigration visa; fraud). times). Chnstophoros Divaris, perjury 1 and registration fraud; previously Theodore Steinberg, perjury (immigration visa fraud). deported. · · Ohawa Chana Steinberg, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Minna Blumenstein · SlU:tzkin,· cdnvtction under section· 22 (b) ·of Natalia W. de Armenta, likely become .public charge. Immigration Act of 1924. · · Pedro de Armenta, likely become public charge. Heinrich Oehlke, perjury.t . . _ _ _ Leopold A. Lindsay, perjury (convicted of claiming American citi- Aleido Dom.inguez, perjur¥ (immig_ration ~raud). zenship in order to obtain employment .. Salyador Ellzondo, per~ury (reg~stration fraud) ; Jose G. Goeloe, likely become public charge. Jolln Furitano, perjury. and forgery · (facts not stated). Jose M. Munoz, illiteracy. · Erasmo Colozzi, illiteracy. . Frank .ogrisseg, bigamy. Alexander Adler, perjury.1 Claudio Leal, illiteracy. Harry Schlusberg, perjury and forgery.•· Pas Leal, likely become public charge. Eduard Silberg, perjury (immigration . visa faud). Antonio Rodrigues, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud); Domenic Capa~di, perju~y and forgery · (immigration visa fraud). Guillermo Centurion, tuber_culosis. Walerja · Rijanowska, perjury and forgery (immigration visa Weronika Urbanek, perjury and forgery (facts not recorded). fraud). · · Gio B. Polo, perjury (immigration ;visa fraud). 1 · John Tichy, physically defective. James L. Campbell, perjury. Niko Miskov, perjury.1 Kamila Pigill, perjury and forgery.3 • _ Peter Naum, perjury in deportation proceedings. ~nrico Kqli9h, _perjury .1 . Marjorie. C. Coulter, tuberculosis. · Nicola Rinaldi, likely become public charge. Giacomo Cichero, perjury in deportation proceedings. _ J~hn Kop~s. p~rjury and forg!'!ry.a . Candelaria Bencomo, illiterate and likely become public charge. Romany H. Wertz, previous attack of inSanity. Natalia Nunez de Navarrette, perjury in immigration proceedings. Ele~nora Siwek:, -perjury and -forger.y.a ~ . _ 3 Sora-Rywa Mostczenik, perjury and forgery ·(immigration visa Veronica Gricunas, perjury and forgery. and deportation f:raud) . . · . . . . · . John Logghe, perjury.1 Manuel Moncada, perjury in deportation proceedings (pardoned Lilian S. Brownbill, publ~q charge_bond case. _ for burglary) . _ _ . A~t.onio J. da _S.ilya, perjUry and fo_rgery (imini~ration visa fraud). Aleksa Cvetoevic, perjury and forgery (reentry-permit fraud). Vasilios ·Fronda:k1s,- Ukely ·become· public· charge. · . Giovaiinr Vitulli, forgery (facts ·not recorded) ·. · · S~sa:nne Rosen, perjury (immigration.. v~sa·fraud). - Carmine Di Benedetto, ·perjucy (registratien and naturalization . Wil~I~m Ma,y _ 1\{cCan~. pe:t:Jury . (b.orge!-C!O~ing fraud). _ . _ frauds). Ic~~ L. Vinikas, perjur~ an~ _forgery (immig~a:tion visa fraud). Attilo Picano, perjury and forgery (immigration.fraud.) . Gm~10. Cons, perjury (illiteracy pre_vio~~Y_ )V!'tived for this' alien): Mend! Leibick, perjury .and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Chnstian . C~top., likely become public charge. · Maria Stoika, forgery (passport:and·reentry-permit frauds) ; - Franc~co Di Derma, perjury.t . · · . , . Nicola Azzolini, perjury : (reentry. permit and na1:uralization __W.i~nifi:ed ~ ~/ .,J?!'da.n, -IP:o;;e~y .1?~~~~~ _ pu~Uc.. .charge . . frauds). J~hn ·J?rdan, ·likely ·became- public- eh~ - . .~Ito . Juninez, physically defecti~e . and _likely become public Felicitas Castorena, perjury in deportation proceedings. charge. - _ - _ Joseph Ballen, perjury .1 · Felippo Abela, contrlbuting· to the-delinquencrof- a fenmle-minor . Francesco Perrotta, . p~jucy. _(tr~mi~tiop. . -v:lsa and ·reentry-per- child. . . mit frauds). . · Lazor Rubinsznajder, perjury and forgery_ (immigration visa Tom:as S: Salinas, perjury (immigration visa· fraud): fraud). Manuel Taboada, perjury (registration .fraud). Rene W. Bresett, tuberculosis. -Cristina. Giordano, .. perjury.a . . _ _ . : . . . Patrick Kane, illiteracy. E:mJ~ia .M.- ~LSiardia, perjury: and. forger.y (immigration fraud). Giuseppe W. Palma, Uliteracy. Antonio Corporales, perjury and forgery.• · ·. Stefano c .. Grano, perjury in deportation proceedings. Charles J. 'Nahid, perjury (two instanc;es, one listed _previously)'. Pasquale Mastroianni, perjury.1 · Leone Goffredo, physically defective· and likely become public Arthur Andrade Angel, perjury (immigration fraud). charge. . _ Salvador Bracamonte, likely become public charge. Juan Mendiola, burglary (conviction) and illiteracy. . Jan Kulik; perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Leonard C. Moffatt, theft. . - Ursula Muniza, perjury-and .forgery.3 Joaquim Gomes, perjury and forgery (fmmigration:· visa frau:ct). Salvatore Messina, perjury (registration. fraud). ' . . , , Agatha M. Yakav.onis, perjury. and. forgery.a . . · - · Helen B. Perry, . mentally defective and likely become public Jean C. Mummah, bigamy: charge. . Steve· Adaniic,' theft. - Hersulano Espinoza, perjury and forgery (immigration visa Civita Mazzella, likely become public charge. fraud). Pearl Bennett, likely become public charge. Alexander Sykes,. larceny. William F. Craig, likely become· public charge. Felix Contreras, perjury (registration fraud) and ll'literacy. Domenico Ron,zetti, perjury in registry proceedings. Mariannina d'Amore Bartolo, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Maria Garcia, perjury (facts not stated). · Giulio Cons, illiteracy. Ernest H. Stahl, receiving stolen property. Umberto Giovanni, perjury.1 Gaetano Sco'tti, bigamy. ' Giovanni di Megllo, perjury (immigration, reentry permit, and Shulik Chertein, ·incest and likely public charge. · naturalization frauds). Enrico Paone, likely become public charge. · Luke Gannon, illiteracy. William F. Tap, likely become public charge. Hans A. Bunge!, larceny. Helena Wojtarowicz, perjury and forgery.a '- Lorn C. Sears, burglary. Edwardo Paliotti, perjury (registration fraud). Marcos Portillo, theft. Julia Bodle, perjury (deport-ation -proceedings). Clemente P. Falco, perjury and forgery.• Paraska Powanda, perjury.s . Ponciano Diaz, llliteracy. Oke Elander, physically defective and likely ·become public charge. Victoria R. de Puentes, perjury and forgery (immigration fraud). Nicholas Pellegrini, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Jeanne Langer, perjury and forgery (reentry permit fraud). Riccardo Figliolia, perjury (immigration fraud). . Cataldo Leo, perjury (immigration fraud). Victor Copp, bigamy. Pranas Bulavas, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). 1 Luigi Grancelli., perjury . (immigr~tion fraud). Calogero Zaccaria, perjury . . Abraham J. Rosenfeld, perjury. and forgery (immlgation visa - Nicola Tondo, pel'jury (registration fraud) and theft and a.ssa.ult fraud). · and battery. Dorothy M. Simpson, perjury in deportation proceedings. Tillie Kopenhagen, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Giuseppe Gala.no, perjury (immigration fraud). Maria Mazzalini, perjury and forgery:3 - George F. Hearne, perjury (false claim of American citizenship; A~gusto de Miranda, perjury (immigration fraud). sentenced to Atlanta Penitentiary for 1 year and 1 day). Anselmo Cocco, perjury and forgery.3

1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining first or second papers illegally 1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining first or second papers 1Uegally while in United States illegally. whil-e in United States illegall'y. · a American passport fraudulently ob~ained and uSed to enter the 3 American passport fraudulently obtaine~ and used to enter the :United States illegally. United States ill'egally. 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 9283

1 Anna D. Dickie, physically defective and likely become public Nicholas Kusmanich. perjury and forgery (immigration visa and charge. foreign-passport fraud). Helen Moisides, perjury and forgery (visa fraud). Cenobio Herrera, prostitute procurer (previously deported). Bonfiglio Mosconi, perjury and forgery.' Effie Hamil, perjury.1 Sebastiana Ambroggio, perjury (facts not stated). Giuseppe Nacinovich, perjury.t Epaminondas Kapogiannis, perjury (facts not stated). Teodoro Leon, burglary, perjury, and subornation of perjury. Marcelino Alba, perjury (registration fraud), conviction of break- Ladone Parascandalo, reentry permit and naturalization frauds. ing and entering, and illiteracy. Gaspare Giuliano, perjury and forgery.a Eugenia S. de Palencia, perjury (registration fraud). Angelo Vecchio, perjury (facts not stated}. Bernardino Rossi, perjury.~ . Teodulo Flores, perjury (immigration fraud) and 1lliteracy. Joseph Dubois and two children, likely become public charges. Gabriel Gomez, larceny and likely become public charge. Kurt Benklvltz, subornation of perjury. Sebastiana Monticciolo, perjury and forgery.2 Carl Wilhelm Smolka, larceny and burglary (convicted five times). Mary S. Maddock, likely become public charge. Mary Z. Shargabian, bigamy. Joao Fernandes, perjury (reentry permit fraud), Augustus L. St. James, previous attack of insanity (public-charge Vincenzo Mutolo, perjury (facts not stated). bond authoriZed). Felix B. Moreno, physically 'defective. Christ Jurko1f, perjury (facts not stated). Manuel Trueira, perjury (reentry permit fraud). Henry J. Foley, larceny. Paul Stone (Stolnitzky), perjury, physically defective, and Ukely L111an Wall, bigamy. become public charge. Pasquale Maiello, perjury and forgery .8 Alexander Arpajian, perjury (facts not stated). Giovanni Cusumano, perjury.1 Francesco Incorvaia, illiteracy. Apostal Lushanovic, perjury (reentry-permit fraud) and bigamy. Biagio Chiabrera, perjury.t Thomas Moore, perjury.~ Hardenberg Bonjer, burglary {two convictions}. Roberto de la Rosa, likely become public charge. Giuseppe Mazzilli, perjury.1 Joseph L. Plasse, larceny (convbtion). Luigi Di Cesare, perjury.t Nicholas Schneider, grand larceny (conviction). Leo Brousseau, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud). Amerigo Domestico, perjury (reentry-permit and naturalization Edgar Brousseau, perjury and forgery (immigration visa fraud}. frauds). Anna Kujawa, perjury.a Armando Agaccio, perjury (registration and naturalization Aldo L. Mazzoni, theft and perjury. frauds). Biagio Patrizio, perjury (immigration visa fraud). Aniello Amalfitano, naturalization fraud. Giuseppa Cecci, perjury and forgery.s Gordon A. Campbell, fraud in registering as a voter in Florida. Michael Fedorko, forgery.a Giovanno Strano, perjury (registration fraud). Peitro Lorusso, forgery.a Santos Marchan, likely become public charge. Oscar S. Johnson, conspiracy and extortion. Francisco J. Barboza, perjury and forgery.8 Archibald Edward McClarty, theft. Dominic Sandrelli, theft and breaking and e~tering. Lawrence Arthur McClelland, rape. Eric F. Lerch, theft. James Theodore Johnson, aiding and abetting shoplifting. Milburn G. H. Shier, perjury and forgery (1n:unigrat1on-Visa . Fernando Pini, perjury.t · fraud). Thomas Edward Coogan, perjury (visa fraud). Efthalia J . .Saitas, reentry-permit fraud. John L. Anthony, theft. Edward Milnthorpe, perjury (immigration fraud).: . Francesco Collo, manslaughter. Ramon Gomez, perjury and forgery (immigration Visa fraud), George Arthur Ingoldby, perjury.a David J. Raymond, likely become public charge. . Antonio Attisani, perjury and forgery.~ Carmela Leotta, perjury (registration and naturalization frauds). Daniel Harry Berliner, perjury.s Antonio Lubich, perjury.1 Carmela Roman, perjury.1 Arran Shore, theft. Karl Eder, perjury.t Encarnacion Torres, smuggling. Friedrich Schlirf, perjury.1 Maria C. Kwasny, perjury and forgery.• Lipman Kufheiser, perjury.1 Michele Juliana, perjury and forgery.8 Lillian J. Flake, theft (two convictions). Anna Ezykowicz, perjuty and forgery.! .r Joseph Ichtertz, theft. 3 Szczepan Adamczyk, bigamy. Giacomo Monastero, perjury and forgery. ~ ...... ,.. ' . Jack F., Malta, larceny.. _ . · Shepsel Kushelewich, forgery (visa fraud) . 3 Felice Tarricone, perjury and forgery. . 0 .,,•• , Joseph Michaud, perjury and forgery (visa fraud}. , ~HlJSeppe Colantonio, perjury.1 · · . · ._ Russell H. Martin, theft. . :J!::n:1est Allard, perjury (imm~gration fraud);. Frederich L. H. Amberger, embezzlement and manslaughter• J•' Marianna Cinkala, perjury and lorgery.3 · Anton Glavicich, perjury.1 Salvatore Mandala, perjury and forgery.1 Matteo M. Burslch, perjury,! .. 0 ~ Timothy Healy, perjury (facts ·not stated). Camille Neuenschwand-er, perjury.1 .Jeanne D. Breton, likely become publiC charge. Peter Gluech, perjury.2 >·.Jtisf!plf Bercok, perjury and forgery.3 Sergio Di Terlizzi-, perjury (visa fraud). Angelo Fort, perjury (reentry-permit and naturalization frauds). Leonard J. Martel, perjury (immigration fraud) Giulio Muttinelli, theft. Herman Salinger, perjury and !orgery.2 · Giovanni Vallar, perjury.1 Joseph H. Kendal, perjury and forgery (visa fraud). Giuseppe Lorusso, forgery .a . John Kulla, theft. Antonio G. Rios, perjury (registratiqn. fraud}. James Bush, perjury (visa fraud). Giuseppe Pinto, illiteracy. Zalel Strassler, perjury (visa fraud). Joseph Kvartek, perjury.3 Carlos Santaniello, perjury.3 Katharine Just, perjury and forgery? . . Anton Weir, perjury';l · Pietro Marsala, forgery (uttering counterfeit immigration visa) . .,. Julja Sankowska Krause, perjury and forgery.• Jose P. Castaneda, illiteracy. Rozal'ja Blus, perjury and forgery.3 Ben Gold, forging head-tax refund certificate. S.anto Tedesco, perjury and forgery.2 Francesco de Masi, perjury.3 Antonino Dinolfo, perjury and forgery.2 George Zemlan, forgery ..a Giuseppe Casala, perjury and forgery.:a Nora Kickham, perjury and forgery.• Giuseppe C. Tramontin, perjury.1 Jose Wheeler, crimina:l assault. Angelo S. Scarola, perjury.1. Eva M. Blackwell, public charge (has been on relief for years). Francesco Pafuml, perjury.1 Ramon F. Gonzalez, perjury.1 . · Stasys Gaucas, perjury and forgery.11 · Innocenzo Zanlunghi, perjury and forgery (reentry-permit Eugene Grach, perjm'y.t fraud). Leo Eckermann, perjury and forgery.' Maria Zanlunghi, perjury and forgery.• Carlo Resta, perjury.2 Eleadoro Casanova, convicted of attempted .burglary. Joseph Ruttera, perjury.2 Jose Salinas, perjury (immigration fraud). Calogero Sgaraglino, perjury and forgery.• Anna C. Di Liberto, physically defective, likely become public Becalel Arfa, perjury.1 charge, and forgery in immigration visa fraud. Agapito Di Piro, perjury.2 Giovanni Notaro, perjury and forgery.• 1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining flrst or second papers illegally Antcnio Tercovich, perjury .1 while in United States 1llegally. ~Immigration visa fraud, followed by illegal entry and naturaliza­ tion fraud in obtaining first or second papers, or both fust and 1 Natural1zat1on fraud in obtaining first or 'Second papers Wegally ·Second papers. while in United States illegally. 3 American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the 2 Immigration visa fraud, followed by lllegal entry and naturaliza­ United States illegally. . tion fraud in obtaining first or second papers, or both !l.rst and 'American pa"Sspott fraudulently obtained and used to enter the second papers. United States illegally, followed by naturalization fraud in obtaining 3 American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the first or second papers, or both first and second papers. United States illegally. 9284 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENA-TE JULY 8 Isid9r Katzenellehbogen, perjury.and forgery (visa fraud); special $10,000 expended, and that more· would be -appropriated later act later passed by Congress to admit this alien. Joseph Kirincich, perjury.t · fqr the same purpose. · Boris Ginsburg, perjury and forgery.a Of all times; now is the time when we should make an Samuel Engler, perjury and forgery .a · investigation of the immigration problem in general, first, Giorgio Buone, perjury and forgery.2 Michele Taglich, perjury and forgery.' because we have but recently passed a registration and finger­ Salvatore Delvino, perjury and forgery.' printing act which is designed for the registration of all aliens Mendelis Glikas, perjury.2 in the United States, whether they entered legally or illegally, Domenico Tornabene, perjury .1 so that we may ascertain how many are here and where Desidero Palermo, perjury.t Isidor Finkelstein, perjury .3 they are. Domingo Alvarez Morais, sodomy, larceny, and receiving stolen Mr. DIEs, the able chairman of the special committee of goods. the House, once stated in an interview in Chicago that he was Engelbert Preis, deported in 1923 as a Communist. of the opinion that there were 7,000,000 aliens in the United Mr. President, these aliens were indicted for virtually every States. Mr. Houghteling, Commissioner of Immigration; crime on the statute books, including theft and smuggling. I stated th~t in his opinion there are about 3,600,000 in this call attention to the list at this time in order that the Amer­ country. No one knows how many there are, and we will not ican people may -know that under a misinterpretation of the know how many there are after the administration of the seventh proviso, alien criminals, violators of our laws, were Smith Act, because many hundreds of thousands no doubt permitted to reenter the county. will evade registration, knowing that upon apprehension or Mr. HOLMAN. Mr. President- submission, for that matter, action would be taken to deport Mr. REYNOLDS. I gladly yield to the Senator from them. - Oregon. The second reason why the resolution should be adopted Mr. HOLMAN. The Senator from North Carolina is well and an investigation begun at once is that there is pending aware of the fact that I am in agreement with the aims and before the Committee on Territories and Insular Affairs a purposes of his work through the years on the immigration bill whic~ it is said is for the development of Alaska, that question. I wish to call to the attention of the Senate Order vast Territory of about 544,000 square miles, with a popula­ No. 1166, on the calendar, Senate Resolution 168, which pro­ tion of 58,000 people, about thirty-five or forty thousand of vides for an investigation of the immigration of aliens into whom, as I recall; are Eskimos. Some interests wanted us the United States. Repeatedly, I have tried to have this reso­ to open up Alaska to 100,000 refugees so as to develop that lution · considered, and repea_tedly it has been objected to Territory. when reached on the unanimous Consent Calendar. Mr. HUGHES. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? The question which now arises in my mind, and· on which Mr. REYNOLDS. I yield. I should like to have the opinion of the able and patriotic Mr. HUGHES. Does it not occur to the Senator that since Senator from North Carolina, is: Did the recent transfer of we have transferred to another department the control of the Immigration Bureau from the Department of Labor to the immigration, and also" have considered measures, some of Department of Justice obviate or make unnecessary the fur­ which ·have passed and some of which are pending, to regu­ ther consideration of this resolution to investigate· the crim- late the entr-y of foreigners and their deportation, the Senate inal aliens in the United States? · should wait until we see what effect those measures will have, Mr. REYNOLDS. Certainly not. and how they work, before we begin to investigate something Mr. HOLMAN. I wish to be advised whether the Senator which is already provided for? believes the resolution should be brought up and the purpose Mr. REYNOLDS. -I thank the Senator immensely for the of it still effectuated. · inquiry, but I am distressed to have to disagree with him, for Mr. REYNOLDS. n ·certainly should be effectuated, and I the reason that we have enact-ed about one one-hundredth as think that Congress should ·make an·appropriation in a sum much legislation in reference to subversive activities "fifth sufficient to pay any expenses which might be incurred in columns," limitation of·immigration, and deportation ~f alien making the full and complete ·and exhaustive investigation, to criminals as we should have enacted, or at least as I would be conducted by the committee; wh:lch the Senator's resolu- have enacted had I a lone hand in bringing about the enact- tion would initiate. · ment of such laws. · Mr. HOLMAN. An appropriation was- authorized by the For instance, let me say to the Senator that I have pending Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of a bill which would stop all immigration into this country for the Senate in the sum of $10,000, and .I was· not inclined ·to the next 10 years, until such time as every American citizen debate the amount. I was of the opinion that if we could get who is employable has been employed. I insist upon the en­ the investigation under way; it might be concluded within actment of that bill for the benefit of American laboring that figure, and if not, sufficient progress would be made to men, 11,000,000 of whom are out of work at this time justify further appropriations. I serve notice, if I may, that 25,000,000 of whom are working only part time, 2,700,000 of at the first opportunity I shall call the resolution up for hom are on W. P. A. and would like to be engaged in private consideration. industry; as well as for the benefit of 300,000 young men in Mr. REYNOLDS. I say unhesitatingly that merely by the the C. C. C. camps who would like to find remunerative presentation of the resolution itself the Senator has evi­ employment outside, and 750,000 fine boys and girls who last denced that he is far-sighted. He has unquestionably made June were graduated from our high schools, colleges, . and a step in the right direction, which is forward. I believe that universities, many thousands of whom cannot now find em­ $10,000 would be sufficient to launch the investigation, and I ployment. That is one bill I want passed, and I have in­ am absolutely certain that after it had been launched under numerable others, and I can think of more and more which the direction of the able Senator from Oregon, Congress itself, should be passed for the benefit of this country. as well as the American people, would realize that the things Mr. HUGHES. Mr. President, will the Senator yield for . revealed as a result of the investigation were well worth the another question? Mr. REYNOLDS. I am very happy to have the Senator 1 Naturalization fraud in obtaining first or second papers illegally direct a question to me, and I shall, if possible, answer it. while in United States illegally. Mr. HUGHES. I should like to ask the Senator whether, 2 Immigration visa fraud, followed by illegal entry and naturaliza­ tion fraud in obtaining first or second papers, or both first and in view of present conditions and in view of our hope that second papers. many of our unemployed may obtain employment, he does 3 American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the not think a g~eat many will be employed by industries which United States ill'egally. ' American passport fraudulently obtained and used to enter the have become very busy because of national-defense prepara­ United States illegally, followed by naturalization fraud in obtaining tions. Would not such a bill as the Senator mentions, which first or second papers, or both first and second papers. would shut off immigration from any nation, be rather dras- 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 9285 tic, and would it not be perhaps offensive to other countries another subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary held with whom we desire to retain peaceful relations? a hearing on the so-called bund bill, requiring the registration Mr. REYNOLDS. I do not think so at all, because other with the Attorney General of all organizations having foreign countries personally consider what is· best for themselves, affiliations or carrying on political or military activities, and and they say, ·"To hell with any other country. What we are wearing uniforms. Under that bill all organizations in that interested in is our own people and our own country.~' category must register with the Attorney General and file Mr. CONNALLY. Mr. President- their bylaws and constitutions, if they have any, so that the The PRESIDING OFFICER. (Mr. CHANDLER in the chair). United States Government may have an opportunity to check Does the Senator from North Carolina yield to the Senator up on the activities of all so-called American institutions from Texas? which have an American front and an alien background. I Mr. REYNOLDS. I gladly yield. wanted the Senator from North Carolina to know that we are Mr. CONNA!J.JY. I am always interested in hearing the going right along in the same direction. Senator from North Carolina speak on this subject, because _ Mr. REYNOLDS. I am very . happy to hear that, and I he has such a fund of information and has given so much know that the American people will be glad to learn of n. study to it. Does not the Senator think, however, that the We have too long coddled alien criminals and undesirables and recent legislation which Congress enacted, originating in the those who are affiliated with subversive organizations. House of Representatives, but wholly rewritten in the Sen­ I may say to the distinguished Senator from Texas in con­ ate by the addition of requirements that all aliens in the nection with and parallel with the bill which his committee United States shall be fingerprinted and registered, will go a is now considering, that about 3 weeks ago I submitted a great way toward solving some of our problems relating to resolution which would outlaw in this country the Communist aliens? Party, nazi bunds, and any organizations with Fascist Mr. REYNOLDS. Unquestionably, and I say to the dis­ tendencies, tinguished Senator that I am very happy he rose at this · In addition to that I submitted a resolution which would time, because I wanted the opportunity of extending to the prohibit any labor-union organization from having as its people of Texas my congratulations upon their having sent agent or as an ofilcer or as a representative, any alien or him to the Senate of the United States, and I wish to say anyone who was a member of the Communist Party, the Nazi now from the :floor of the Senate-and, inspired by the pres­ Bund, or any other similar organization, or any American ence in the chair of the great representative from Kentucky, citizen who had been convicted of a felony and was thereby I trust my words will reach the ears of every man and every deprived of American cltizenship. · woman who is qualified to vote in the State of Texas-that So, if I may be pardoned for using every-day parlance, the it is my hope and my sincere desire that they will vote, in bill to which the Senator from Texas referred is "right up my the coming election, for that champion of American rights, alley." I want to see the measures .! have sponsored passed. that great American patriot, the juni{)r Senator from Texas, I have no pride of authorship, but if any of my measures can who ha-s done as much for the American laboring man and be passed I want to see them p~ssed. But if some other bill, the American people as any other man ever did, and who did such as the Howard Smith fingerprinting bill, is considered, -as much for our national defense as any other Member of this I shall support it as enthusiastically as I would support my body, or any other legislative body ever did, when he cham­ own bills. I am trying to do my part to preserve America for pioned HoWARD SMITH's bill, originating in the House of Americans. Representatives, and which came to the Judiciary Commit- ' Mr. President, I have before me a very able address de­ tee of this body, from which it was reported and then passed livered by Mr. William Green, President of the American by the Senate. As a result of my personal interest in the Federation of Labor. When I was in New York last week people of Texas and the people of this Nation, I hope the investigating subversive activities, the "fifth columns," Trojan people of Texas will send the junior -Senator back to the horses, an9. looking over the alien enemies, and watching cases Senate, so that he may .continue to :fight for the American tried at Ellis Island Immigration Station, I was in the ofilce people and the American Nation, for he is one who thinks of Mr. Herbert Moore. Mr. Moore is president of the Trans­ first of the United States of America, and then, after they ·Radio News Corporation. He was showing me around his are provided for in his great charity, he thinks of the people place and how they gathered the news by ticker, and as I of the whole world. looked at one of the tickers there came over the wire in type­ Mr. MINTON. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? printed form an item to the effect that President William Mr. REYNOLDS. I yield. Green had made a statement in reference to those persons in our country who would destroy our form of government. It Mr. MINTON. I merely wish to say to my friend the ·sena­ was a short paragraph. When I returned to Washington I tor from North Carolina that I am also running for the Senate sent for a copy of Mr. Green's statement, and I am glad I did. this year. [Laughter.] I read the entire text of his address and I was inspired and Mr. REYNOLDS. I know that my distinguished friend encouraged by it. He made it at the graduating exercises of likewise supported the registration and fingerprinting bill... the National Police Academy conducted by the Federal Bureau and I congratulate hin;l, and I congratulate the people of his of Investigation. I shall read a portion relating to the par­ State, and, loving him as I do, having a deep and sincere ticular subject which has been mentioned by the Senator affection and admiration for his courage and willingness from Texas [Mr. CoNNALLY]. I read it not only for the reason always to see the light, I hope likewise that the grand people that the Senator from Texas brought up the subject, but for of the great State of Indiana will never turn their hearts the reason that I have introduced bills which would outlaw from him. [Laughter.] the Communist Party, the Nazi bund, which would prohibit Mr. MINTON. I thank the Senator. the employment by the Government of aliens and members Mr. REYNOLDS. The Senator is certainly welcome. I of the Communist Party or the Nazi bund. I know that the shall expect the same treatment from the Senator from American Federation of Labor does not want Communists in Indiana, and I shall expect the same from the Senator from· its ranks. Texas when 4 years from now I seek to be returned to the Here is what Mr. Green said, and I was very happy to read Senate of the United States. [Laughter.] I do not want it, but I was not surprised that Mr. Green had made such a those Senators to forget that. statement, knowing him as I do and as I have for a number of I now yield again to the senator from Texas. years." I have always possessed a great admiration for him. Mr. CONNA!J.JY. Mr. President, words fail me to express This is what he said: my gratitude for the accolade which the Senator from North There is no more room for criminals and racketeers in the labor Carolina has bestowed upon my distinguished friend the movement of this country than there is 1n the police forces of our Senator from Indiana [Mr. MINToN] and also on my humble cities, States, and Nation. self. I wish to remind the Senator, however, that only today William Green said that. 9286 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JULY 8 The American Federation of Labor is not a police organization: In the face of such evidence of treachery, I feel that we are in­ it is a fraternal body of trade unions. We do not have the facili­ viting danger by pJrmitting the Communist Party and the Nazi ties, the equipment, the staff, or the legal authority necessary to bund to continue to operate openly or secretly in this country investigate, try, and punish wrongdoers who may have crept into against the interests of ~he United States. our movement. That is the function of the police, the law-enforce­ ment authorities, and the courts. All of us agree with William Green when he says that we I call upon you, as representative police officials from every sec­ should wipe from our portion of the North American Conti­ tion of the Nation, to perform this function and stamp out racket­ nent every Communist and Nazi organization. eering wherever it may exist in union organizations just as fear­ lessly as you would stamp out racketeering in business or in any Mr. Green continues: · other walk of life. The American Federation of Labor is a thoroughly American or­ As President of the American Federation of Labor, I assure you ganization. We have never been hoodwinked by Communist, Nazi, of the assistance and support in that endeavor of our State federa­ or Fascist propaganda. We have never coml:"romised · with the foes tions of labor in every State and of our central labor councils in of the United States, and we never will. more than 810 cities. TP.ese local organizations of ours are officered by a nne group of honorable American citizens. It would pay you I say, thank Go~ for that. to learn to know them better, for they will be glad to help you and cooperate with you in any public-spirited undertaking. When the President of the United States asked us to support the As a final word on this subject let me say this: If you meet a transfer of the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization from the situation in the elimination of wrongdoing where you believe I Department of Labor to the Department of Justice so that the can be of help to you, call on me promptly, and I assure you that Government could deal with "fifth column" activities more effec­ I will do everything that lies within my power to further the cause tively, we cheerfully gave our approval despite our standing policy of justice. . of opposing any curtailment of the authority of the Department of In these days of world upheaval there falls upon the law-enforce­ Labor. ment branch of our Government a new and difficult duty. In addi­ When the Congress of the United States recently adopted meas­ tion to your regular job of keeping the peace, you, the police offi­ ures to purge Communists and Nazis from relief rolls and to keep cials of our country, are now confronted with the novel problem­ an official check on the whereabouts and activities of resident novel, at least, in America--of defending our Nation against traitors aliens, the American Federation of Labor interposed no ob,jections. in our midst; Mr. HUGHES. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? I hold these truths to be self-evident: Mr. REYNOLDS. I yield to my distinguished friend. Listen, please, S_enators- Mr. HUGHES. Did the Senator notice in one of yester­ 1. That the various brands of totalitarianism which have engulfed day's newspapers that a Communist petition in New York continental Europe--whether their label be Nazi, Communist, or _City had been signed by two members of the police force of Fascist--are hostile to America and to everything which Americans hold dear. They are contradictory to our form of government. New York City and by several other city officials? 2. That these enemies of America have conquered free, democratic Mr. REYNOLDS. I am appalled to know that. It is diffi­ nations and instituted a reign of terror over almost an ent_ire con­ cult for me to conceive of an American citizen, particularly tinent not alone by force of arms but by a carefully planned cam- one in an official capacity whose duty it is to provide protec­ paign of organized treachery. _ tion to the American people in the neighborhood in which he Which I assert to be through the Trojan horses, which as resides, being a member of the Communist Party, which is enemies within various ~ountries have been galloping every­ opposed to everything for which our democratic form of where over there, and also through "fifth columnists." government stands. 3. That here in America the totalitarian nations of Europe have Mr. President, in connection with my discussion of the established thriving branches and are encouraging their followers Nazis and the Communist Party, I ask unanimous consent to to weaken the morale of the United States in every way they can. 4. That such traitorous activities must be stopped by every legal have printed in the RECORD at this point an editorial from the means in the interests of national safety and national defense. New York Daily Mirror of July 6, 1940, entitled "Time for Toward this end, I advocate that the Communist Party and the 'Rough on Rats'-A Case of Smash or Be Smashed." Nazi bund in this country be outlawed by Congress. There being no objection, the editorial was ordered to be All praise to William Green, president of the .A.Irierican Fed­ printed in the RECORD, as follows: eration of Labor. [From the New 'York Daily Mirror of July 6, 1940] I claim no personal familiarity with police methods. I under­ TIME FOR "ROUGH ON RATS" stand they have been thoroughly modernized. I have been in­ It took a bomb to wake up this city to the dangers of the Com­ formed that in addition to the first principles of persuasion-pow­ munists, Fascists, and Nazis in America. It cost the lives of two erful as they may be--present-day crime detectors have acquired a able members of the bomb squad to convince the police depart­ full complement of scientific equipment and a wide range of psycho­ ment that alien-minded rats are a far greater menace than the logical processes of deduction. There is no doubt in my mind or in "punks, pimps, and touts" that Mayor LaGuardia has pledged him­ anyone else's that these new developments in the field of law en­ self to exterminate. We hope that the skilled legal minds of Dis­ forcement have been highly effective. And, I might add, in my trict Attorneys Dewey, O'Dwyer, and Sullivan will turn to smashing opinion a large share of the credit for making police work so much these groups that fight with bombs on orders from Europe. more efficient in this country is due to my friend, J. Edgar Hoover, and the splendid record achieved by the Federal Bureau of Investi­ A CASE OF "SMASH OR BE SMASHED" gation under his direction. The bomb that rocked the fair and killed two, perhaps four, de­ tectives, was the first that has killed anybody in 20 years in the Mr. Green is deserving of great and unstinted praise, for New York area. Last time was in 1920,- when a bomb exploded in he has done more to provide inspiration for the youngsters of front of the Wall Street offices of J. P. Morgan & Co., during noon rush hour and killed 33 people. our country and done more to throw fear into the very souls, But bombs are only the crude and spec1jf.Lcular symptoms of a far if they have any, of these criminals, than any other one man deeper and greater danger to the American system of democracy. or aggregation of men we have ever had in our midst. Bombs are no more the most dangerous weapons of anarchy than Fourth of July fireworks are the most powerful weapons of Mr. Green continues: democracy. But when it comes to dealing with treachery and "fifth column" Like the bombs that exploded under the Nazi consulate and in activities modern techniques will be of no use to the policeman the offices of the Daily Worker 2 weeks ago, the time bomb at the unless he is backed by the full power of the law. fair was certainly planted by some agent of an alien group. on May 1, in Moscow, the Communist Internationale issued a It is quite possible that all three bombs were planted by the May Day manifesto for the instruction and enlightenment of Com­ same person, and that the ones under the Nazis and in the lap of munist agents and followers in North and South America. This the Worker might easily have been planted by either NaziS or manifesto accused Great Britain, France, and the United States of Communists. You note that neither of those two bombs actually "imperialism." It also urged Communists in the Americas to cam­ killed anybody. paign for peace and for maintenance of civil liberties here. But they had served a more insidious purpose; they made Amer­ Only a few hours later, Communist paraders in several American icans bomb conscious; they stirred up hates and fears and sus­ cities displayed brand-new placards carrying out the instructions picions. from Moscow. The placards read "The Yanks are not coming," and They created the kind of confusion that breeds riots; the class "Defend civil Uberties." There also were a few placards de­ warfare, the strife between races which sapped the strength of nouncing the F. B. I. The Communists were shrewd enough to soft­ France and left only disunity and treachery. · pedal the "imperialism" charge in this country. They emphasized Very well, if they want to incite us to violence, let us vent our it, however, in , in Central America, and in South America violence on them. where such propaganda was calculated to inflame public opinion Smash every Communist, Fascist, and Nazi organization. Let in our neighboring republics against the United States. And, Io this State take the lead ill. making .membership in any of these and behold, the Nazi organizations in these countries worked, hand organiza-tions treasonable and punishable by death in time of war, in glove with the Communists in spreading such false propaganda. by long imprisonment in time of peace. · 1940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9287 Outlaw the bund and the Communist Party; the leaders of both died that we might live admo:riish us and gently woo us on organizations are now convicted criminals. It is fantastic to think that Communist Browder is permitted to run for President. to God. Enable us to conserve all the powers we possess for It is shocking to think that the Bund is permitted to keep pub· the better and the nobler pursuits of life. Impress us that Ushing a paper which calls itself the Free American. It is shocking there are no errors in Thy eternal scheme, and that Thy to think that the Communists are permitted to go on publishing goodness and mercy will follow us all our days. Under all the Daily Worker. Why should Americans permit destructive doctrines to be peddled .on· tax·paved streets, carried by tax-sup­ circumstances, hearing the call of our country, inspire us to ported railroads? "Freedom of treason" is not in the Bill of Rights. obey the voices of our better selves, so shall we have the ALTERNATIVE: THE FATE OF FRANCE approval of our fellows and hear the "Well done" .of our The publications of all alien-financed or controlled groups should Father in Heaven. We rejoice that beneath the spreading be driven from the country immediately. heavens there is a good God, and He who clothes the lilies Members of these groups should be driven from the country, on pain of prison if they remain. and feeds the ravens will clothe and feed His people, too. In There is an alternative: "Take it easy," as France did. But look th€ name of the everlasting Christ. Amen. what happened to France. The Journal of the proceedings of Thursday, July 4, 1940, POSTMASTERS was read and approved. Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, pending action on the nom-. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE inations of Mr. Stimson and Colonel Knox, I ask unanimous A message from the Senate, by Mr. Frazier, its legislative consent that the nominations of postmasters on the ·calendar clerk, announced that the Senate insists upon its amend­ be confirmed en bloc. ments to the bill (H. R. 9575) entitled "An act to amend the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, the nom­ Federal Aid Act, approved July 11, 1916, as amended and inations of postmasters are confirmed en bloc. supplemented, and for other purposes," disagreed to by the RECESS House; agrees to the conference asked by the House on the Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I had hoped that we disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and appoints might dispose of the nomination under consideration today, Mr. McKELLAR, Mr. HAYDEN, Mr. BAILEY, Mr. FRAZIER, and Mr. but it is obvious that we cannot obtain a vote on it this LA FoLLETTE to be the conferees on the part of the Senate. afternoon. I hope that early tomorrow we may be able to The message also announced that the Senate disagrees to conclude the consideration of Mr. Stimson's nomination, as the amendment of the House to the bill (S. 3550) entitled well as that of Colonel Knox. Therefore, I now move that "An act to make unlawful the transportation of convict-made the Senate take a recess until12 o'clock noon tomorrow. We ·goods in interstate and foreign commerce," requests a con­ shall proceed tomorrow in executive session. ference with the House on the disagreeing votes of the two The motion was agreed to; and entitled "An act authorizing the Secretary