Camillo Berneri
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Pius XII on Trial
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Honors College 5-2014 Pius XII on Trial Katherine M. Campbell University of Maine - Main, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors Part of the Anthropology Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Campbell, Katherine M., "Pius XII on Trial" (2014). Honors College. 159. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors/159 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PIUS XII ON TRIAL by Katherine M. Campbell A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for a Degree with Honors (Anthropology and Political Science) The Honors College University of Maine May 2014 Advisory Committee: Henry Munson, Professor of Anthropology Alexander Grab, Professor of History Mark D. Brewer, Associate Professor of Political Science Richard J. Powell, Associate Professor of Political Science, Leadership Studies Sol Goldman, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Political Science Copyright 2014 Katherine M. Campbell Abstract: Scholars have debated Pope Pius XII’s role in the Holocaust since the 1960s. Did he do everything he could and should have done to save Jews? His critics say no because of antisemitism rooted in the traditional Catholic views. His defenders say yes and deny that he was an antisemite. In my thesis, I shall assess the arguments on both sides in terms of the available evidence. I shall focus both on what Pius XII did do and what he did not do and on the degree to which he can be held responsible for the actions of low-level clergy. -
Download the History Book In
GHELLA Five Generations of Explorers and Dreamers Eugenio Occorsio in collaboration with Salvatore Giuffrida 1 2 Ghella, Five Generations of Explorers and Dreamers chapter one 1837 DOMENICO GHELLA The forefather Milan, June 1837. At that time around 500,000 people live in At the head of the city there is a new mayor, Milan, including the suburbs in the peripheral belt. Gabrio Casati. One of these is Noviglio, a rural hamlet in the south of the city. He was appointed on 2 January, the same day that Alessandro Manzoni married his second wife Teresa Borri, following the death of Enrichetta Blondel. The cholera epidemic of one year ago, which caused It is here, that on June 26 1837 Domenico Ghella more than 1,500 deaths, is over and the city is getting is born. Far away from the centre, from political life back onto its feet. In February, Emperor Ferdinand and the salon culture of the aristocracy, Noviglio is I of Austria gives the go-ahead to build a railway known for farmsteads, rice weeders, and storks which linking Milan with Venice, while in the city everyone come to nest on the church steeples from May to is busy talking about the arrival of Honoré de Balzac. July. A rural snapshot of a few hundred souls, living He is moving into the Milanese capital following an on the margins of a great city. Here Dominico spends inheritance and apparently, to also escape debts his childhood years, then at the age of 13 he goes to accumulated in Paris. France, to Marseille, where he will spend ten long years working as a miner. -
The New Formulation an Anti-Authoritarian Review of Books
THE NEW FORMULATION AN ANTI-AUTHORITARIAN REVIEW OF BOOKS February 2003 Volume 2, Number 1 Volume Two, Issue One February 2003 Editor: Chuck Morse Copy Editors: Matt Hoffmann, Erin Royster, Matt Stoner, Shanti Salas, with help from Paul Glavin and Nur Yavuz Cover Illustration: "Vineta para Invitation" by Leopoldo Mendez, 1944. The New Formulation 2620 Second Avenue, #4B San Diego, CA 92103-U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] On the Internet: http://flag.blackened.net/nf7index.htm Biannual Subscriptions: $7 in the United States and $10 elsewhere. Please make checks payable to Charles Morse. © 2003 The New Formulation Statement to Contributors: Contributions are encouraged. This journal is restricted to comparative book reviews. Reviews must examine the failings and virtues of books for a contemporary anarchist theory and politics. Anarchism is understood here as a doctrine seeking the abolition of capitalism, the nation-state, and hierarchy generally, and the creation of a cooperative economy, a decentralized confederation of communes or municipalities, and a culture of liberation. The deadline for the next issue is July 1, 2003. Each review must treat at least two books and one must have been published in the previous two years. In some cases, reviews of works in other media (such as film) will be accepted. Reviews of two books should be between 2,500 to 3,000 words and reviews of three should be 3,500 to 4,000 words. Contents P r o g r a m 1 The State in Hyper-Drive: the Post-September 11th U.S. by Paul Glavin 2 Review of Silencing Political -
Irish Responses to Fascist Italy, 1919–1932 by Mark Phelan
Provided by the author(s) and NUI Galway in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Title Irish responses to Fascist Italy, 1919-1932 Author(s) Phelan, Mark Publication Date 2013-01-07 Item record http://hdl.handle.net/10379/3401 Downloaded 2021-09-27T09:47:44Z Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above. Irish responses to Fascist Italy, 1919–1932 by Mark Phelan A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Supervisor: Prof. Gearóid Ó Tuathaigh Department of History School of Humanities National University of Ireland, Galway December 2012 ABSTRACT This project assesses the impact of the first fascist power, its ethos and propaganda, on key constituencies of opinion in the Irish Free State. Accordingly, it explores the attitudes, views and concerns expressed by members of religious organisations; prominent journalists and academics; government officials/supporters and other members of the political class in Ireland, including republican and labour activists. By contextualising the Irish response to Fascist Italy within the wider patterns of cultural, political and ecclesiastical life in the Free State, the project provides original insights into the configuration of ideology and social forces in post-independence Ireland. Structurally, the thesis begins with a two-chapter account of conflicting confessional responses to Italian Fascism, followed by an analysis of diplomatic intercourse between Ireland and Italy. Next, the thesis examines some controversial policies pursued by Cumann na nGaedheal, and assesses their links to similar Fascist initiatives. The penultimate chapter focuses upon the remarkably ambiguous attitude to Mussolini’s Italy demonstrated by early Fianna Fáil, whilst the final section recounts the intensely hostile response of the Irish labour movement, both to the Italian regime, and indeed to Mussolini’s Irish apologists. -
Camillo Berneri
Camillo Berneri Frank Mintz 1978 Born in Lodi on 28th May 1897, he spent his childhood at Reggio Emilia and was active in [a] Socialist youth group. He decided to resign by sending an open letter which caused some disturbance: ”. the Socialist movement has started on a disastrous descent towards the depths of destructive egoism, thus following in the path of the moral strength of Christianity, which grew strong thanks to its martyrs and fell into decay when the sacrifices of its followers ceased.” ”We need a new burst of energy, we must return to a time when to love an idea meant not to fear death and to sacrifice one’s whole life to total submission.” (1915). This deep, militant commitment which one meets again and again right up until his assassination was never, however, a blind faith, as we shall see. In 1917 he was drafted. Did he want to be an objector or desert? ”There are occasions whento get oneself killed is the most logical solution, and to get oneself killed becomes a moral necessity. Cases of conscience are more terrible than Austrian bullets or asphyxiating gases.” ”One fights and one dies. Violets grow on the blood-soaked earth, along the ditches of red water.” After the war he finished his studies while very actively involved in the anarchist press.He became a humanities teacher in a high school.. The coming of the Fascist regime and his refusal to give any loyalty as a civil servant to this regime meant that he had to go into exile. -
Revolution and Counterrevolution in Catalonia – Carlos Semprún Maura
Revolution and Counterrevolution in Catalonia – Carlos Semprún Maura Introduction to the Spanish Edition I wrote this book between 1969 and 1971, when the tremors of the May-June 1968 outbreak in France had not yet subsided, and when a wide range of topics, new for many people, nourished actions, discussions, projects, journals and books. Among these topics, of course, were the libertarian revolutions and the shopworn theme of self-management. To me it seemed that the logical as well as the obvious thing to do was to participate in my own way in these discussions and in the critique of totalitarianism (“red” fascism as well as the “white” variety), by writing a book about the experiences of “self- management” in Catalonia and Aragon in 1936-1939, concerning which almost no one (if not absolutely no one) knew anything in France at that time. I was myself only then discovering the importance of these phenomena as I engaged in research and gathered documents and data for the book. During those same years, it had become fashionable for Parisian publishers to carry some “leftist” titles in their catalogues, in order to satisfy a new youthful customer base and to thus increase the profits of the various publishing houses. This book, however, was offered to a whole series of publishers without being accepted by any of them, until it was to “miraculously” find a home with a respectable, and originally Catholic, publisher (Mame), that was at the time attempting to change its image to keep pace with the times. My book did not bring it any good luck since its publisher went out of business shortly thereafter, sinking into the most total bankruptcy…. -
Tra Coscienza Etnica E Coscienza Di Classe. Giornali Italiani Anarco-Comunisti in Argentina (1885-1935)
Saggi Tra coscienza etnica e coscienza di classe. Giornali italiani anarco-comunisti in Argentina (1885-1935) Pantaleone Sergi 1. Stampa d’emigrazione e movimento anarchico Sugli italiani in Argentina e sul loro ruolo all’interno di una società plurale, multietnica e multiculturale, nell’Ottocento molto frammentata, esiste un’abbondante e qualificata letteratura1, anche se resistono aree d’indagine ancora poco esplorate. Si è scritto tanto anche sugli anar- chici emigrati al Plata ma tanto ancora resta da scrivere. Nell’ambito degli studi dedicati al movimento operaio, la produzione bibliografica sull’anarchismo in Argentina, infatti, si è concentrata sull’azione dei mi- litanti, prestando un’attenzione minore su altre questioni caratteristiche dell’attività libertaria, come educazione, letteratura, arte, formazione di circoli culturali, biblioteche, compagnie filodrammatiche, scuole e altro ancora. In un cono d’ombra, aggiungiamo, è rimasto anche il ruolo degli anarchici come appartenenti alle diverse etnie, per comprendere se e quanto la “coscienza etnica” sia stata realmente più importante e più forte di quella di classe2, anche se conviene subito ricordare che erano su base etnica tre delle quattro sezioni della Prima Internazionale fondate 1 Tra i tanti contributi si veda Fernando J. Devoto, Storia degli italiani in Argentina, Roma, 2007; Fernando J. Devoto, Historia de la inmigración en la Argentina, Buenos Aires, 2003; Jorge N. Gualco, La epopeya de los italianos en la Argentina, Buenos Aires, 1997; Fernando J. Devoto e Gianfausto Rosoli (a cura di), L’Italia nella società argentina. Contributi sull’emi- grazione italiana in Argentina, Roma, 1988; Mario C. Nascimbene, Historia de los italianos en la Argentina (1835-1920), Buenos Aires, 1987; Fernando J. -
The Spanish Civil War
This is a repository copy of The Spanish Civil War. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128173/ Version: Accepted Version Book Section: Yeoman, J.M. orcid.org/0000-0002-0748-1527 (2018) The Spanish Civil War. In: Levy, C. and Adams, M., (eds.) The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. Palgrave Macmillan , pp. 429-448. ISBN 9783319756196 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_25 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ The Spanish Civil War* James Michael Yeoman The Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939 was one of the most significant moments in the history of anarchism. The outbreak of the conflict sparked a revolution, in which women and men inspired by anarchist ideas took control of the streets of Barcelona and the fields of Aragon. For perhaps the first, and last, time in history, libertarian communism appeared to be imminent, if not already in effect. -
The Direction of Ecological Insurrections: Political Ecology Comes to Daggers with Fukuoka
The direction of ecological insurrections: political ecology comes to daggers with Fukuoka Alexander Dunlap1 University of Oslo, Norway Abstract This article proposes a political ecology of resistance. This is done by putting forward insurrectionary political ecology as a lens of research and struggle, through the confluence of the complementary "political" practice of insurrectionary anarchism and the "ecological" method of "no-till natural farming." While seemingly different, the article argues that these practices are compatible, animating a political ecology of resistance around anti- authoritarian political and ecological lifeways. This direction, or compass, of insurrectionary political ecology is discussed in relation to other autonomous tendencies, as it complements and strengthens existing critical schools of thought heavily influenced by political ecology, such as (decolonial) degrowth, environmental justice and post-development. Insurrectionary political ecology deepens connections with scholarly rebels in political and ecological struggles outside—and rejecting—the university system. The article includes discussions of research ethics, various conceptions of "activism", autonomous tendencies and existing differences between the concepts of "revolution" and "insurrection", in order to debate notions of "counter-hegemony" and "duel- power." The overall purpose here is to offer a theoretical ethos for a political ecology of resistance that invigorates political praxis to subvert the ongoing socio-ecological catastrophes. Keywords: Resistance; insurrectionary political ecology; post-development; decolonization; degrowth; insurrectionary ecology; environmental justice Résumé Cet article propose une écologie politique de la résistance. Cela se fait en proposant «l'écologie politique insurrectionnelle» comme un prisme de recherche et de lutte, à travers la confluence de la pratique politique de l'anarchisme insurrectionnel et de la méthode «écologique» de «l'agriculture naturelle sans labour». -
Camillo Berneri
The Anarchist Library (Mirror) Anti-Copyright Camillo Berneri Frank Mintz 1978 Born in Lodi on 28th May 1897, he spent his childhood at Reggio Emilia and was active in [a] Socialist youth group. He decided to resign by sending an open letter which caused some disturbance: ”. the Socialist movement has started on a disastrous descent to- wards the depths of destructive egoism, thus following in the path of the moral strength of Christianity, which grew strong thanks to its martyrs and fell into decay when the sacrifices of its follow- ers ceased.” ”We need a new burst of energy, we must return to a time when to love an idea meant not to fear death and to sacrifice Frank Mintz one’s whole life to total submission.” (1915). This deep, militant Camillo Berneri commitment which one meets again and again right up until his 1978 assassination was never, however, a blind faith, as we shall see. https://web.archive.org/web/20120312171327/http:// In 1917 he was drafted. Did he want to be an objector or desert? flag.blackened.net/revolt/berneri/bio.html ”There are occasions when to get oneself killed is the mostlogi- Originally published in ’The Cienfuegos Press Anarchist Review’ cal solution, and to get oneself killed becomes a moral necessity. Number 4, 1978 Cases of conscience are more terrible than Austrian bullets or as- phyxiating gases.” ”One fights and one dies. Violets grow onthe usa.anarchistlibraries.net blood-soaked earth, along the ditches of red water.” After the war he finished his studies while very actively involved convinced that he laid hid a stone in the construction of the new in the anarchist press. -
Anarchism in Argentina
The Anarchist Library (Mirror) Anti-Copyright Anarchism in Argentina Chuck Morse Chuck Morse Anarchism in Argentina 2009 Morse, Chuck. “Anarchism, Argentina.” In The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest: 1500 to the Present, edited by Immanuel Ness, 101–105. Vol. 1. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. Gale eBooks (accessed June 22, 2021). usa.anarchistlibraries.net 2009 Contents High Point .......................... 5 Decline ............................ 10 From the New Left to the Dictatorship . 11 From the Return to Constitutional Rule to the Present . 12 References And Suggested Readings . 13 3 as militant neighborhood assemblies, factory occupations, and ag- gressive street protests. Their actions, combined with generalized public anger at the government, threw the country into a state of disorder and led successive Argentine presidents to resign. Though anarchists participated actively in these movements, they did not play a central role in defining their goals, and the size and number of anarchist groups did not expand dramatically. SEE ALSO: Anarchism and Culture, 1840–1939 ; Argentina, Armed Struggle and Guerilla Organizations, 1960s–1970s ; Ar- gentina, General Strike (Semana Trágica), 1919 ; Argentina, Social and Political Protest, 2001–2007 ; Argentina, Worker Strikes in Patagonia, 1920–1921 References And Suggested Readings Alexander, R. (2003) A History of Organized Labor in Argentina. Westport, CT: Praeger. Bayer, O. (1986) Anarchism and Violence: Severino di Giovanni in Argentina, 1923–1931. London: Elephant Editions. Lopez, F. & Diz, V. (2007) Resistencia Libertaria. Buenos Aires: Madreselva. Munck, R. (1987) Argentina: From Anarchism to Peronism: Workers, Unions and Poltics, 1855–1985. London: Zed Books. Oved, I. (1978) El anarquismo y el movimiento obrero en Argentina. Mexico: Siglo Veintiuno. -
Diy-CULTURE-07
CONTENTS 3 May you live in interesting times - Martin Wright 5 Celebrity Cunts - Give Generously! - Dr Lisa Mckenzie, Anarchist & Working Class Academic (unedited) 6 Self-Harming in Siberia - Moscow-based Anarchist, Vipera 7 Mutual Aid During Covid-19 - FROM THE ‘UPTIGHT REBEL' ANARCHO- PUNK COLLECTIVE IN CEBU... 8 GATA NEGRA - The Latinamerican and Spanish section of DIY Culture 14 The Distant Authority of Government - Carne Ross, anarchist author and film-maker 17 Accidents and Incidents - The Lock-Down Adventures of Seth Wheeler 18 Parallel realities in ‘lockdown’ Britain? - Dave, the editor of the South Essex Heckler 19 The Father Jack Hackett Column - Front-line revolutionary anarchist, Former bank-robber and ranter a.k.a. Jack Hackett, gives us his sermon 19 Magical Days of Quarantine - Ezio, anarchist, Aged (nearly) 8 20 Hat Mancock’s Covid-19 Medal of Dishonour - Dawn - Anarchist Careworker in the North of England 22 MAY DAY - Ruth Kinna, Anarchist & Writer 23 Anti-working class shit from middle class journalists at the Guardian - A response from anarchist health-worker Dave 2 Well, interesting times they certainly are. But here in the UK, it’s been absolute social- peace for almost a decade. The entire political left has subordinated itself, with disastrous results, to the Labour Party. Some anarchists (so-called) jumped onto this sinking state-vessel and others have squandered credibility with working class communities, by wrapping themselves in self-absorbed, middle-class identity politics. And now Covid-19 or the Coronavirus is ripping through society - mainly with the poorest paying the greatest price. The already fragile economy lays in tatters, temporarily propped-up by a vicious right-wing government, who by all capitalist logic, must be preparing to launch unfettered market-forces on an already weakened working class.