CAMILLO BERNERI SELECTED WRITINGS P RINCIPLES, PROPOSITIONS & D ISCUSSIONS FOR L AND & FREEDOM AN INTRODUCTORY WORD TO THE ANARCHIVE Anarchy is Order! I must Create a System or be enslav d by another Man s. I will not Reason & Compare: my business is to Create (William Blake) During the 19th century, anarchism has develloped as a result of a social current which aims for freedom and happiness. A number of factors since World War I have made this movement, and its ideas, dissapear little by little under the dust of history. After the classical anarchism of which the Spanish Revolution was one of the last representatives a new kind of resistance was founded in the sixties which claimed to be based (at least partly) on this anarchism. However this resistance is often limited to a few (and even then partly misunderstood) slogans such as Anarchy is order , Property is theft ,... Information about anarchism is often hard to come by, monopolised and intellectual; and therefore visibly disapearing. The anarchive or anarchist archive Anarchy is Order ( in short A.O) is an attempt to make the principles, propositions and discussions of this tradition available again for anyone it concerns. We believe that these texts are part of our own heritage. They don t belong to publishers, institutes or specialists. These texts thus have to be available for all anarchists an other people interested. That is one of the conditions to give anarchism a new impulse, to let the new anarchism outgrow the slogans. This is what makes this project relevant for us: we must find our roots to be able to renew ourselves. We have to learn from the mistakes of our socialist past. History has shown that a large number of the anarchist ideas remain 2 standing, even during the most recent social-economic developments. Anarchy Is Order does not make profits, everything is spread at the price of printing- and papercosts. This of course creates some limitations for these archives. Everyone is invited to spread along the information we give . This can be done by copying our leaflets, printing texts from the CD (collecting all available texts at a given moment) that is available or copying it, e-mailing the texts to friends and new ones to us,... Become your own anarchive!!! (Be aware though of copyright restrictions. We also want to make sure that the anarchist or non-commercial printers, publishers and autors are not being harmed. Our priority on the other hand remains to spread the ideas, not the ownership of them.) The anarchive offers these texts hoping that values like freedom, solidarity and direct action get a new meaning and will be lived again; so that the struggle continues against the ...demons of flesh and blood, that sway scepters down here; and the dirty microbes that send us dark diseases and wish to squash us like horseflies; and the will- o-the-wisp of the saddest ignorance. (L-P. Boon) The rest depends as much on you as it depends on us. Don t mourn, Organise! Comments, questions, criticism, cooperation can be sent [email protected]. A complete list and updates are available on this address, new texts are always WELCOME!! 3 CAMILLO BERNERI SELECTED WRITINGS FROM HTTP://FLAG.BLACKENED/REVOLT/ More on the Spanish Revolution: "http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/spaindx.html" Camillo Berneri was an Italian anarchist who fought and wrote about the Spanish Civil War alongside the Spanish anarchists. He was murdered during the 'May Days' of 1937, presumably on the orders of Moscow. This page is a collection of his writings 4 Preface Many of these writings were originally published in 'The Cienfuegos Press Anarchist Review' Number 4, 1978. This Preface by Frank Mitz introduced them. A brief biography of Camillo Berneri Augustin Souchy's account of the Murder of Berneri and Barbieri Another biography of Luigi Camillo Berneri Writings on Spain Interview on militarisation of the militias War and Revolution - 21st March 1936 Open letter to comrade Federica Montseny - 14th April 1937. Between the war and the Revolution - 16th December 1936. Madrid, sublime city - No. 5, 2nd December, 1936 Non - intervention and international involvement in the Spanish Civil War - 18th July, 1937. What Spanish anarchism must do to win - 24th October. 1936 Beware, Dangerous Corner! - November, 1936. Social democracy and communism betrays the revolution - 1st February, 1937 On the militarisation of the Italian column Counter Revolution on the March - 5th May 1937. Last letters to his family - 3rd and 4th May, 1937 On Leninism and Marxism State, Class and bureaucracy in the USSR The Abolition and Extinction of the State Dictatorship of the Proletariat and State Socialism - 5th November, 1936. 5 Problems of the Revolution: the City and the Country - February 1937 The magazine many of these articles were taken from included the note - "N.B. Cienfuegos Press will be publishing Class War in Spain: Camillo Berneri which will contain a biography of Berneri and a full collection of his writings." - I would be interested to know if this book was ever published and how I could obtain a copy. If you know please email [email protected] CONTENTS: An introductory word to the anarchive ...................... 2 Camillo Berneri .............................................................. 4 Selected writings............................................................. 4 from http://flag.blackened/revolt/ ............................... 4 Preface to the writings of Camillo Berneri............. 8 by Frank Mitz ............................................................. 8 Camillo Berneri .................................................... 11 by Frank Mitz ........................................................... 11 THE MURDER OF BERNERI AND BARBIERI19 Augustin Souchy....................................................... 19 Luigi Camillo Berneri........................................... 23 Endnotes ........................................................... 30 *The Friends of Durruti.................................... 31 Conor McLoughlin ................................................... 37 Bibliography ..................................................... 38 6 Writings on Spain.......................................................... 40 On militarisation of the militias ............................ 41 War and Revolution .............................................. 46 The anarchists in government in Spain ................. 52 Between the war and the Revolution .................... 62 Madrid, sublime city ............................................. 67 Non-intervention and international involvement in the Spanish Civil War ........................................... 70 What Spanish anarchism must do to win .............. 76 Beware, Dangerous Corner!.................................. 79 Social democracy and communism betrays the revolution .............................................................. 85 On the militarisation of the Italian column ................... 91 Berneri: Unpublished letter on militarisation........ 91 Counter Revolution on the March......................... 93 Berneri's last letters to his family.......................... 98 On Leninism and Marxism ......................................... 100 State, Class and bureaucracy in the USSR.......... 101 State and Revolution ........................................... 108 The Abolition and Extinction of the State .......... 108 Dictatorship of the Proletariat and State Socialism ............................................................................. 114 Problems of the Revolution: the City and the Country................................................................ 119 7 PREFACE TO THE WRITINGS OF CAMILLO BERNERI BY FRANK MITZ Sources of information and quotations - Umanita Novo 16th July 1966; U Fedeli, Adunata dei Refrattari, December 1961; Pensieri e Battaglie 1938. "To guarantee revolution, it is not enough for the mob to be armed or for them to have expropriated the bourgeoisie: it is necessary for them to destroy the capitalist system entirely and to organise their own system. They must be able to combat the ideas put forward by Stalinist and reformist leaders with the same vigour with which they attack capitalist individuals and the leaders of the bourgeois parties. As of May 1937, any revolutionary endeavour that does not remain faithful to this experience condemns itself purely and simply to not existing. Attacking the state, unhesitatingly confronting the Stalino-reformist counter-revolution: such are the distinctive characteristics of the coming revolution." These extracts from the secret republication in Spanish of Beneri's writings in 1973 by the Iberian Liberation Movement (whose symbolic figure is Pulg Antich who was garrotted on 2nd March 1974) explain the reason for the publication of these writings. We have added some pages of Berneri's from this period which best reveal his thoughts on Marxism and the militias. 8 It is necessary to know that Berneri and numerous other Italian anarchists and anti fascists made their way to Spain to fight weapon in hand. Having arrived on 29th July 1936, on 7th August Berneri put forward his plan for an Italian column composed of anarchists, independent socialists (Giustizia e Liberta), communists, monarchists and republicans. On 17th August the column was formed (text in L 'Autogestion dans l'Espagne revolutionnaire p.278). The next day, the column set out for Aragon with 130 men. It eventually contained about 450. On the 28th they received their baptism