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Judaism for Dummies, 2Nd Edition

Judaism for Dummies, 2Nd Edition

Index

Apocrypha, 38, 176 • A • Aron Kodesh, 35, 55 The Arranged Table abortion, 97–98 (Schilchan Aruch) (Caro), 48, 354 (Bible character), 44, 155–157 arranging funerals, 140–144 act, charged to, 91–92 art, anti-Semitism in, 225–226 ADL (Anti-Defamation League), 228, 395 Arvit, 52 Adonai, 26 Aseret Ha-Dibrot/Aseret Ha’D’varim, 46–47 African-Americans, 227–228 Aseret Y’mai Teshuvah (“Ten Days of afterlife, 148 Repentance”), 259–260 aggadah, 41 Ashamnu, 268 agricultural roots, of , Ashkenazi, 14, 196–197, 309 329–330 Ashkenazi Charoset recipe, 319 , 134–135 assisted suicide, 140 Ain Sof, 85 Assiyah, 86 Akiba (), 182 “atonement” (kapparah), 264 Al Khet, 268 attending funerals and burials, 142–144 , 54 Atzilut, 86 Alexander II, Tsar of Russia, 200 aufruf, 126 , 119, 246 Ausubel, Nathan (author) alter kahker, 377 394 American Jewish Committee (website), 395 A Treasury of Jewish Folklore, autopsies, 141 American Jewish Congress (website), 395 Avinu Malkenu, 269 American National Socialist Movement, 229 Avodah, 269 Americas avoiding enticement, 96–97 about, 212 100 assimilation in, 212–213 Avot De Rabbi Natan, Ayn Sof, 84 “choosing” rather than “chosen” people, 213 , 53–54, 266 • B • Amitai, Yona (professor), 312 animals, respecting, 101–103 Ba’al Shem Tov, 76, 132, 355 Anti-Defamation League (ADL), 228, 395 ba’al teshuvah, 215, 217 anti-Jewish sentiment, 188 Babylonian (Bavli), 184 Antioch, 220 bad news, blessings on hearing, 392 Antiochus IV, Emperor,COPYRIGHTED 176, 282, 283 bagels, MATERIAL 373 Antipas, Herod (ruler of Galilee), 179 Bakashah, 53 anti-Semitism bal tashkhit, 102, 296 about, 219, 222 baleboosteh, 377 acts of, 219–221 Balfour Declaration, 201 false beliefs, 222–225 BaMidbar (Numbers), 34, 35 healing, 229 Bar Kokhba, Simon (Jewish leader), 182 in literature and art, 225–226 bar Yochai, Shimon (rabbi), 73 in modern times, 226–229 Bar/Bat origins of hate, 221–222 about, 117–118 Antony, Mark (politician), 178 as an adult, 122–123 anxious humor, 364 celebrating, 119–123 apikorus, 377

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Bar/Bat Mitzvah (continued) last thing at night, 387 confi rming your beliefs, 123 nature, 390 fi rst-timers’ guide to, 122 private worship, 51 history of, 118 as reminders and teachers, 392 parties, 120–121 sample, 385–392 preparing for, 118 , 238–242, 391 speeches, 120 Sheh-heh-khi-yanu blessing, 254 readings, 119–120 Sh’ma, 385–387 Barekh (blessing after eating), 324 Tu B’Shvat seder, 294–295 barley products, blessing before eating, 388 V’ahavta, 385–386 Barukh Dayan ha-emet, 140 , 267 Basle, 220 yom tov blessing, 254 bathroom, blessing for using, 390 blood, 59 Bavli (Babylonian Talmud), 184 blood libel, 225 Bayazid, Sultan of Turkey, 191 B’nai B’rith International (website), 396 bazman hazeh (“in that time”), 287 Bonaparte, Napoleon (French leader), 196 BCE (“Before the Common Era”), 2 Book of Death, 250–251 beauty, blessings for, 392 Book of Esther, 303. See also bedeken, 127, 132 Book of Lamentations, 346 “Before the Common Era” (BCE), 2 Book of Life, 250–251 beheadings, 179 Book of Ruth, 342–343, 368 Beit . See Book of the Commandments (Sefer Beit . See Synagogue Ha’Mitzvot), 48 Beit Tefi llah. See Synagogue books, as resources, 393–394 Beit Yosef (House of ), 354 boychik, 378 beliefs b’rakhot, 50 confi rming your, 123 bread, blessings over, 239–242, 388 false, 222–225 breakaway denominations, 18–21 ben Eliezer, (rabbi), 76–77, 355 breaking glass, 130–131 ben Maimon, (rabbi), 353 bris. See children ben Zakkai, Yokhanan (rabbi), 102 brit bat, 112 Ben-Gurion, (Zionist leader), 207 , 107 Bereisheet (Genesis), 34, 154–159 brit , 112 Beriah, 86 Brussels, 220 Besht, 76 bubeleh, 378 bet din, 134, 367, 369 Buber, Martin (philosopher), 356–357 Bible, 38–39, 393 bubkes, 378 biblical texts, translation of, 175–176 Buddhism, 214–215 bima/bimah, 55, 246 burial, 141–144 Binah sefi rah, 82–83 butter, 309 Birkat, 389 Birkat Ha-Mazon, 389 Birkat Kohanim, 267 • C • birth. See children Caesar, Julius (Roman general), 178 birth control, 97–98 candles Black Death epidemic, 225 for Chanukkah, 285–286 blessings and for , 246 about, 50–51 for Shabbat, 238–239 bathroom, 390 cantor, 56 Chanukkah, 286–287 capital punishment, 100–101 community workship service, 52–54 Caro, Joseph ben Ephraim (rabbi), 48, early morning, 386 353–354 fi rst-time experiences, 389–390 CE (“Common Era”), 2 for food, 388–389

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celebrating , 115 Bar/Bat Mitzvah, 119–123 circumcision, 107–112 Purim, 301–306 at seder, 325 , 253–259 Chmielnicki massacres, 194 Tu B’Shvat at home, 295 Chmielnicki , 221 Yom Kippur, 264–270 Chokhmah, 82 celebrities (Jewish), 22 cholent, 245 Central Conference of American “Chosen” people, 360 (Reform), 98 Christian Bible, 37 “ch” sound, 2–3, 377 Christianity , 373 Judaism and, 184 chai, 62, 66 ultimatum about, 190–191 challah, 242 Christians, prohibitions on, 220 Chamishah Asar Be’Shvat. See Tu B’Shvat christos, 182 Chanukkah Chrysostom, St. John, 223 about, 281 , 35 blessings, 286–287 , 127, 128 customs, 284–290 chutzpah, 378 fi rst-timers’ guide, 290 circumcision, ritual, 107–112, 220 food, 287–288 Citizens of Antioch, 220 gifts, 290 citizenship, 196 lighting the candles, 285–286 citron, 274–277 Maccabees, 282–284 cleaning your spiritual house, 259–260 menorah, 67, 284–286 Clemens, Samuel (author), 226 oil miracle story, 283 clothing and garment customs, 62–66 personal renewal, 290–291 cloven hooves, 58 spin the dreidel, 289 codes, in mysticism, 85 what it celebrates, 282–284 coffee, 309 Chanukkiah, 67 Columbus, Christopher (explorer), 191 characters in humor, 365 Commentary (magazine), 395 charged to act, 91–92 “Common Era” (CE), 2 charity community workship service, 52–54 contact information, 396 The Concise Book of the Commandments giving to, 313 (Sefer Ha-Mitzvot Ha-Kitzur), 48 justice, 49 conclusion (Nirtzah), 326 righteousness and, 92–94 confessions, fi nal, 139 charoset, for seder, 316–320 confi rmation, 123, 343 chatan, 132 confi rming your beliefs, 123 Chatan Bereshit, 278 confl icts, 216–218 Chatan Torah, 278 movement, 19–20, Chatzi , 54 135, 199 chavurot (“friendship groups”), 215 conspiracy, false beliefs about, 224 chazeret, for Passover seder, 316, 317 contract, , 131–132 chazzer, 378 conventions, explained, 2–3 cheese, 59 conversion (website), 368 Cheese Blintzes recipe, 340–341 conversos (“converts”), 190, 220 Chesed sefi rah, 83 converting to Judaism, 13, 190, 220, 368–369 “chief rabbis,” 367 Cooper, David A. (author) children God Is a Verb, 394 about, 107 The Handbook of blessings over, 239–240 Practices, 394 naming, 112–114 Council of the Four Lands, 194 for , 112 Counting of the Omer, 329–331 cremation, 141

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cruel humor, 364 Diamant, Anita (author) culture, role of music in, 366–367 The New , 394 customs, Chanukkah, 284–290 dietary laws, 58–61 Cyrus of Persia, 174 direction rule of lighting menorah candles, 286 dishes, 59 • D • dismemberment, 179 Da’at, 84 Divine Presence (Shekinah), 28, 77, 237 daily practice , 133–135 blessings and prayers, 50–54 doctors, 361–362 garments and clothing customs, 62–66 domesticated fowl, 58 homes, 66–67 Donin, Hayim (rabbi), 64 mitzvot, 46–50 dreck, 378 rites and , 61–62 dress, in humor, 366 Synagogue, 54–57 Dreyfus, Alfred (French offi cer), 200–201, 221 dairy food, 59, 339 drinking the fruit of the vine, 128–129 davening, 50 duration rule of lighting menorah David, King, 167, 168, 361, 368 candles, 286 Davidow, Ari (typographer), 366 d’var Torah, 119, 120 Davis, Avram (doctor), 327–328 D’varim (Deuteronomy), 34, 35 Dayenu, 328 “Days of Awe” (Yamim Nora’im), 259–260 • E • The Day of Atonement. See Yom Kippur The Day of Judgment (Yom Ha-Din). See Ecclesiastes, 345 Rosh Hashanah Ediden, Ben (author) The Day of Remembrance (Yom and Festivals, 295 Ha-Zikaron). See Rosh Hashanah education, organizations for, 395–396 death Edward I, King of England, 188 about, 137–138 egg (roasted), for Passover seder, 315, 316 afterlife, 148 Eheyeh, 27 arranging funerals, 140–144 Eisenstein, Judith Kaplan (author), 123 attending funerals and burials, 142–144 Eitz Chayim (), 79–82 blessings on hearing about, 392 El Shaddai, 28 burial, 141–144 Ellis Island, 373–374 ending a life, 140 Elohim, 26–28 ethical will, 138–139 , 252–253 fi nal confessions, 139 emigration, 200–202 fi rst-timers guide to Jewish funerals, 143 emphasis, for syllables, 3 Kaddish, 54, 145–147 ending a life, 140 mourning period, 144–146 England, 188, 220 planning for, 138–139 Enlightenment, 195, 197–199 preparing the body, 142 Entering Jewish (Hammer), 393 reciting parting words, 139 entertainers, 361–362 remembering the dead, 147–149 enticement, avoiding, 96–97 Death, Book of, 250–251 environment, respecting, 101–103 death camps, 204–205 Epiphanes, 176, 282, 283 Declaration of the Rights of Man, 196 , 128–129 decorating for , 339 eruv, 236 “Delight of the Sabbath” (Oneg Shabbat), 245 Esau (Bible character), 157–158 democratic humor, 364 , 177 desecration of the host, 225 Esther, Book of, 303. See also Purim Deuteronomy (D’varim), 34, 35 Eternal One, 287 devakut, 69, 77 ethical will, 138–139

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ethics “fi scal” year, 251 about, 89–90 fi ve levels of soul, 86–87 fundamental teachings, 90–92 fl eishig, 59 intra- and interfaith, 95, 220 fl owers, at funerals, 143 “other,” 94–95 food peace, 99–101 blessings for, 388–389 respecting animals and environment, Chanukkah, 287–288 101–103 Passover, 308–311 righteousness and charity, 92–94 Ford, Henry (businessman), 224 sexuality, 96–99 forgiveness tikkun olam, 103 to others, 264 , 274–277 seeking from God, 262 Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, 393 “forgiveness” (s’lichot), 253, 264 evil, 29 40-day plan, 252–253 exchanging wedding rings, 129 , 85–86 Exodus (Sh’mot), 34, 161–163 fowl, domesticated, 58 expressions of God, 90–91 France, 220, 221, 229 (Bible character), 174–175, 251 Frankfurt, 220 freedom, refl ecting on, 327–328 French Declaration of the Rights of Man, 196 • F • French revolution (1789), 196 false beliefs, 222–225 fress, 378–379 family, blessings over, 239–242 “friendship groups” (chavurot), 215 Farrakhan, Louis (reverend), 228 “fringes” (), 64–65, 142 , 306 fruit, blessings before eating, 388 fasting, 264–265, 346 ‘fundamentalism,’ 38–39 female circumcision, 108 funerals, 140–144 Ferdinand, King of Spain, 190 future of Judaism, 218 “Festival of Ingathering” (Had ha-Asif). See • G • “Festival of Spring” (Khag Ha-aviv). See Passover Gaon, 186 “Festival of the First Fruits” (Khag Gaonic Responsa, 353 ha-). See Shavuot garments and clothing customs, 62–66 “Festival of the Reaping” (Khag ha-Katzir). , 62 See Shavuot gay gezuntaheit, 379 “Festival of Unleavened Breads” (Khag gefi lte fi sh, 324 Ha-matzot). See Passover gehenna (“purgatory”), 148 festivals, blessings for, 391. See also , 41 specifi c festivals gematria, 85 fi nal confessions, 139 Genesis (Bereisheet), 34, 154–159 First Book of Samuel, 166 genocide, 206 First Crusaders, 220 , 195, 201, 220 fi rst millennium Gershom, Rabbenu (rabbi), 187, 367 about, 181–182 geshem prayer, 277 under Islam, 185–187 Gevurah, 83 , 177–179, 183 ghetto, 195, 221 prosperity and persecution, 187–188, 301 gifts, for Chanukkah, 290 revolutions and messiahs, 182–183 girls, naming ceremonies for, 112 Rome, 184 giving Spain, 189–191 to charity, 313 Talmud, 183–184 thanks, 272 First Temple, 170, 172 glass, breaking, 130–131 fi rst-time experiences, blessing for, 389–390 glatt, 58

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God Ha-Satan, 29 about, 23, 28–29 Ha-Shem, 26 in the Book of Esther, 300 Hasidic movement, 17–18, 76, 197 the creator, 29–30 hatafat dam, 108 expressions of, 90–91 hate, origins of, 221–222 Jewish beliefs about, 24–25 Hatikvah (“The Hope”), 374 many names of, 25–28 Havdalah the redeemer, 31–32 about, 246 the revealer, 30 spices for, 247–248 seeking forgiveness from, 262 wine and candles, 246 God Is a Verb (Cooper), 394 healing, 229 Golden, Harry (author), 365 (Tanakh), 35, 37–39 “Golden Age of Spain,” 187 Hebrew vowels, 3 Golden Rule, 90 Hechalot, 72 golem, 374 hekhsher, 61 good news, blessings on hearing, 392 Henry IV, King of England, 188 , 379 hermeneutics, 39 grain fl our, 310 Herod the Great, 178–179 Grant, Ulysses (U.S. general), 221 Hertz, Naftali (poet), 374 grape juice Herzl, Theodore (journalist), 200–201, 207 blessings before drinking, 388 Heschel, Abraham Joshua (rabbi), 357–358 for Passover seder, 316–318 hesped, 144 grape wine, blessings before drinking, 388 High Holidays. See Rosh Hashanah; Yom grapes, 59 Kippur Greeks, 175–176 Hillel (rabbi), 40, 352, 393 The Guide for the Perplexed (), 353 Hillel: The Foundation for Jewish Campus Gut Yor, 259 Life (website), 396 Gut Yuntoff, 259 Hinduism, 214–215 Gute voch, 248 hitbodedut, 77–79 Hitler, Adolf (leader of Nazi party), 202, 206, 221. See also Holocaust • H • Hod, 83 Hoda’ah, 53 Hadassah (website), 396 hokn a cheinik, 379 Hadrian, Emperor, 182 Holocaust, 202–206, 211, 221 Haftarah, 35, 38, 54, 245 Holy Scriptures, 37 Hag ha-Asif (“Festival of Ingathering”). See homes, Jewish, 66–67 Sukkot homosexuality, 98 haggadah, 4, 313–314 hooves, cloven, 58 Hagganah, 207 “The Hope” (Hatikvah), 374 Ha-Kadosh Baruch Hu, 28 hora, 133 hakafah, 57, 245 host, desecration of the, 225 hakafot, 278 House of Joseph 354 halakhah, 41, 46 (Beit Yosef), Human Potential Movement, 213 hallal, 370 humane slaughter, 58 (songs of praise), 54, 325 Humanistic Judaism, 21 hamantaschen, 304–305 Hyrcanus, John (Maccabeean leader), 177 Hamantaschen recipe, 305 Hyrcanus II, King of Judea, 178 Hammer, Reuven (author) Entering , 393 hamsa, 66 • I • The Handbook of Jewish Meditation Practices (Cooper), 394 icons, explained, 6 hands, washing, 241 images and symbols Haredi. See Ultra-Orthodox Jews about, 79 fi ve levels of soul, 86–87

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Four Worlds, 85–86 as spiritual teachers of other traditions, sefi rot, 82–85 213–215 Tree of life, 79–82 war against, 203–204 “in that time” (bazman hazeh), 287 John Paul II, Pope, 223 Inner Presence, 76 John the Baptist, 179 Inquisition (Spanish), 190, 220 John XXIII, Pope, 223 instructive humor, 364–365 Joseph (Bible character), 159–161 interfaith challenges, 95, 220 Josephus (Jewish general), 180 interfaith , 130 journals, 394–395 InterfaithFamily (website), 396 Joy of Jewish (website), 7, 119, 130, 132, International Post (magazine), 395 294, 393, 396 The International (Ford), 224 The Joys of (Rosten), 377, 394 intrafaith challenges, 95 Judah, 283 intrafaith marriages, 130 Judaism. See also specifi c topics invitations to Passover seder, 314–315 about, 12 (Bible character), 157–158 blessings and prayers. See blessings and Isabella, Queen of Spain, 190 prayers Isarael, Richard (Rabbi), 258 branches, 15–21 Islam Christianity and, 184 Jews under, 185–187 converting to, 13, 190, 220, 368–369 relationship with Judaism, 369–370 defi ned, 12 Israel. See also Kings of Israel dietary laws, 58–61 anti-Semitism and, 227 garments and clothing customs, 62–66 birth of, 211 homes, 66–67 importance of to Jews, 360–361 mitzvot, 46–50 Israeli Independence Day, 331 questions about, 359–370 Israeli pronunciation, 3 relationship with Islam, 369–370 Israelite kingdom, 171–172 rites and rituals. See rites and rituals Italy, 220 role of women in, 362–363 Synagogue, 54–57 who’s in charge, 367–368 • J • Judaism 101 (website), 396 (Bible character), 157–159 Judea, exile from, 174 Jannaeus, Alexander (King of Judea), 177 judgments, making, 249–252 Jefferson, Thomas (U.S. president), 195 Jesus Christ, 222–223, 359–360 • K • Jew (word), 67 Jew Slaughter, 229 , 70–72, 330 Jewish Arbor Day. See Tu B’Shvat Kabbalat Shabbat, 245 Jewish celebrities, 22 Kaddish, 54, 145–147 Jewish Holidays and Festivals (Ediden), 295 Kadesh (sanctifi cation of the day), 321 “Jewish Humor,” 363–366 kadosh, 147 Jewish Literacy (Telushkin), 394 kallah, 127, 132 Jewish Meditation (Kaplan), 394 Kallah Bereshit, 278 Jewish National Fund (website), 396 Kallah Torah, 278 Jewish New Year, 251 Kaplan, Aryeh (Orthodox rabbi), 72, 394 Movement, 215–216 Kaplan, Mordecai (rabbi), 118, 227 Jewish state, 207–209 kapparah (“atonement”), 264 Jewish Virtual Library (website), 396 Kapparot, 260 Jewish words, pronouncing, 2–3 Karaites, 186 A Jewish Response to Hunger (website), 121 Karpas (eating the green vegetable), 316, Jews. See also specifi c topics 317, 322 about, 11–15 kashered, 59 under Islam, 185–187 , 50, 58, 244

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kavvanah, 50, 75 kosher salt, 59 kenahora, 379 k’riah, 143 Keter, 82 Kristallnacht, 203 , 127, 131–132, 338 Kriyat Sh’ma, 52–53 (writings), 37–38 Kugel recipe, 255 Khag Ha-aviv (“Festival of Spring”). See Kushner, Harold (Rabbi), 227 Passover kvell, 380 Khag ha-Bikkurim (“Festival of the First kvetch, 380 Fruits”). See Shavuot Khag ha-Katzir (“Festival of the Reaping”). See Shavuot • L • Khag Ha-matzot (“Festival of Unleavened Ladino, 374 Breads”). See Passover Lag B’Omer, 331 khametz, 310–312 lamb shankbone (roasted), for Passover khatan, 127 seder, 316 khet, 263 Lamentations, Book of, 346 Khiyah, 87 Latkes recipe, 288 khos’n, 127 Law of Return, 13 kibbitz, 379 lawyers, 361–362 kibbutz, 374 L’chayim, 380 , 321 (Bible character), 158–159 , 125, 128–129. See also weddings leavened foods, 308–309 Kingdoms, 170–172 legends and myths Kings of Israel about, 153–154 about, 165 entering the promised land, 164 fall of fi rst Temple, 172 Exodus, 161–163 fi nding, 166 Genesis, 154–159 Kingdoms, 170–172 history, 154 Lion of Judah, 168–170 Joseph, 159–161 Lost tribes, 171 letters, in mysticism, 85 prophets, 166 levayah, 144 wars, 167–168 Leviticus (Vayikra), 34 “Kingship” (Malkhiyot), 256 Life, Book of, 250–251 , 57, 63, 244 life, ending a, 140 kippah (yarmulke), 62–64, 122, 143 light, of Yom Kippur, 270 kippot, 57, 63, 244 Lilienblum, Moshe Leib (rabbi), 25 kishkes, 379–380 Lincoln, Abraham (U.S. president), 221 Kislev, 281 Lion of Judah, 168–170 kitniot, 309, 311 literature, anti-Semitism in, 225–226 , 127, 266, 321 Lithuania, 193–194 Klezmer music, 366 lokh in kop, 380 kneeling custom, 268–270 Lost Tribes, 171 Kodashim, 41 L’shanah tovah tikateyvu v’tikhatemu, 259 Kohanim, 144 , 274–277 Kohein, 115 Luria, Isaac (rabbi), 74–75, 86, 354 Kohelet, 345 Luther, Martin (reformist), 221, 223 , 265–268 Luzzatto, Moshe Chaim (rabbi), 270 Kook, Abraham Isaac (rabbi), 72, 296, 356 Korekh (the Hillel sandwich), 323 kosher • M • about, 58–61 OU, 60–61 ma’arat ayin, 309 for Passover, 309–310 Ma’ariv service, 52, 246, 265 reasons behind, 60 Maaseh Bereshit, 72 Maaseh Merkavah, 72

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ma’aser kesafi m, 49 , 62, 66, 391 Maccabee, Judah (Maccabeean leader), Micah (prophet), 92 176, 283, 284 Michelangelo (artist), 226 Maccabee, Simeon (Maccabeean leader), midot, 84 176–177 midrash, 43–44 Maccabees, two books of, 282 mikvah, 62, 127 maftir, 35, 119 , 337 magazines, 394–395 milchig, 59 Magen David (“Star of David”), 62, 374 , 46, 62 Maggid (telling the story), 322–323 Minkhah service, 52, 265 Maimonides, 353 , 52, 130, 145, 216, 362 Mainz, 220 ’s Cup, 326 makhatunim, 127, 380 , 40–41, 183–184 makhzor, 256–257, 269 , 353 Malkhiyot (“Kingship”), 256 mishpokhah, 381 Malkhut, 84 Mitnagdim, 17–18, 76, 197 mantra, 78 mitzvah, 107, 244, 296, 302, 362. See also ma’ot khittim, 313 mitzvot Maror (eating the bitter herb), 316, 323 mitzvot (commandments) marranos (“pigs”), 190 about, 46–47 marriage. See weddings act of charity for the dead, 142 marriage contract, 131–132 performing, 390 mashgiakh, 61 reasons for, 49–50 mashiach, 31, 178 , 47–48 mass murder, 225 women and, 48–49 Matanot l’evyonim, 306 Mizrachi, 14 Mattathias (Jewish priest), 176, 282–283 mizrakh, 66 matzah, 225, 308, 310, 316, 317, 323 mochin, 84 Matzah Balls recipe, 242–243 Modern Israeli pronunciation, 3 maven, 37, 380 modern times, anti-Semitism in, 226–229 Maven Jewish Web Directory (website), 396 Mo-ed, 41 Mazel Tov, 122, 131, 133, 380 , 108–110 Mazon (website), 94, 396 Moment (magazine), 395 meals. See specifi c celebrations “morality” (Musar) movement, 94 mechitzah, 55 Moses (Bible character), 34–35, 162–163, meditation, 77–79 278, 336, 345 meeting at Sinai, 334–335 M-O-T (Member of the Tribe), 12 megillah, 303 Motzi (blessing before eating matzah), Mein Kampf (Hitler), 221 241–242, 323 mekhitzah, 362 Mount Sinai, 334–336 melakhah, 234–235 Mourner’s Kaddish, 54 melavah malkah, 248 mourning period, 144–146 Member of the Tribe (M-O-T), 12 Muhammad (prophet), 185, 369 menorah mundtaschen, 304 about, 55, 66, 284 murder, 100, 225 Chanukkah, 67, 284–286 Musaf service, 52, 254, 256–258, 265 lighting the candles, 285–286 Musar (“morality”) movement, 94 mensch, 381 music, 366–367 , 96 Muslims, 220 Merritt, Stephen (music director), 62–63 MyJewishLearning (website), 396 meshuggeh, 381 mysticism messiahs, 182–183 about, 69–70, 88 Messianic Jews, 21 ben Eliezer, Israel, 76–77 messianic movements, 21, 182 early mystical texts, 72–74

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mysticism (continued) Northern Kingdom, 171–172 images and symbols, 79–87 nosh, 381 kabbalah, 70–72 Nu?, 382 Luria, Isaac, 74–75 Numbers (BaMidbar), 34, 35 meditation, 77–79 numbers, in mysticism, 85 Nachman on, 78 Nuremberg Laws, 203 , 74–75 unifi cation, 76 • O • myths and legends about, 153–154 oat products, blessing before eating, 388 entering the promised land, 164 oil miracle, 283 Exodus, 161–163 Oneg Shabbat (“Delight of the Sabbath”), 245 Genesis, 154–159 online resources, 396 history, 154 , 39–44, 177 Joseph, 159–161 orange juice, 309 organ donation, 141 • N • organizations, 395–396 origins of hate, 221–222 Nachman of Bratslav (rabbi), 78 Orthodox Jews, 15–18, 133–135, 236, 362 nakhes, 381 Ottoman Empire, 201 naming children, 112–114 OU, 60–61 Nashim, 41 Oy!, 382 National Socialist party, 202 oznei haman, 304 nationalism, rise of, 199–200 nature, blessings for, 390 • P • Nazarene Judaism, 21, 182 Nazis. See Holocaust Pale of Settlement, 196–197 nebbish, 381 Palestine, 200–201, 220, 370 Nebuchadnezzar, King, 172 Palestinian Talmud, 184 nefesh, 145 parashah, 35, 120, 245 Nehemiah (Bible character), 174–175 pareve, 59, 244 Neilah service, 265, 269–270 parochet, 55 Ner Tamid, 55 parshiot, 35 Neshamah, 87 parting words, reciting, 139 Netzakh, 83 Passover Nevi’im (prophets), 37, 166 about, 225, 307 New Age charoset, 316–320 after the Holocaust, 211 children at seder, 325 Americas, 212–213 Counting of the Omer, 329–331 confl icts, 216–218 fi rst-timers’ guide, 314 future of Judaism, 218 food, 308–311 Jews as spiritual teachers of other freedom, thinking about, 327–328 traditions, 213–215 giving to charity, 313 new spirituality, 215–216 khametz, 310–312 The New Jewish Wedding (Diamant), 394 kosher for, 309–310 New Year, 251 Miriam’s Cup, 326 Nezikin, 41 names for, 308 Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia, 197 preparing for, 311–313 niggun, 366 reasons behind, 307–308 Nirtzah (conclusion), 326 seder, 313–326 Nisan, 251, 332 spiral story, 323 nissuin, 128–129 symbolism of restrictions on, 310–311 Noahide Laws, 47 universal themes in, 331–332 nontraditional traditions, 343

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Path of Awakening, 81 private worship, 51 peace, 99–101 produce, blessings before eating, 388 Pentateuch, 35 prohibited relationships, 99 Pentecost, Shavuot compared with, 337 promised land, 164 “Peoples of the Book,” 185 pronounciation, 2–3 persecution, 187–189, 301 prophets (Nevi’im), 37, 166 personal renewal, from celebrating prosperity, 187–189 Chanukkah, 290–291 Protestant Reformation, 221 Pesach. See Passover The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, 224, 225 Pharisees, 177–179, 183 Prussia, 195, 196 Philip Augustus, King of France, 220 Ptolemy, 175 phylacteries, 65–66 “purgatory” (gehenna), 148 Pidyon Haben, 115 Purim “pigs” (marranos), 190 about, 297–300, 306 pikuakh nefesh, 98 celebrating, 301–306 Pilate, Pontius (prefect), 179 fi rst-timers’ guide, 302 Pillar of Balance, 81 food, 305 Pillar of Mercy, 80–81 why it survived, 300–301 Pillar of Severity, 81 putz, 382 pilpul, 374–375 pisher, 382 Pius X, Pope, 201 • Q • planning for death, 138–139 Quran, 369 planting trees, 296 plotz, 382 pogroms, 200, 221 • R • , 193–194, 229 Pompey, Roman Emperor, 177–178 rabbi, 56 poor, remembering the, 306 racism, rise of, 199–200 position rule of lighting menorah candles, 286 Rakhtzah (handwashing with a blessing), 323 prayer shawl (), 48, 64, 75, 142, 245, ram’s horn, 257–258 266, 391 (French Jewish scholar), 187, 352–353 prayers and blessings reading about, 50–51 the Book of Esther, 303 bathroom, 390 as a custom, 268–270 Chanukkah, 286–287 during Tisha B’Av, 346 community workship service, 52–54 reawakening, 344 early morning, 386 , 367–368 fi rst-time experiences, 389–390 receiving the Torah, 334 for food, 388–389 recipes last thing at night, 387 Ashkenazi Charoset, 319 nature, 390 Cheese Blintzes, 340–341 private worship, 51 Hamantaschen, 305 as reminders and teachers, 392 Kugel, 255 sample, 385–392 Latkes, 288 Shabbat, 238–242, 391 Matzah Balls, 243 Sheh-heh-khi-yanu blessing, 254 Sephardi Charoset, 320 Sh’ma, 385–387 reciting parting words, 139 Tu B’Shvat seder, 294–295 Reconstructionist, 20, 135 V’ahavta, 385–386 redemption, 31–32 Yom Kippur, 267 refl ecting, during Tisha B’Av, 346 yom tov blessing, 254 , 18–19, 197–198 premarital sex, 97 Rehoboam, King of Judah, 170–171 Priesand, Sally (rabbi), 362 relationships, prohibited, 99

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remembering Russia, 221 the dead, 147–149 Ruth, Book of, 342–343, 368 the poor, 306 rye products, blessing before eating, 388 “Remembrances” (Zikhronot), 256 renewal. See Tu B’Shvat repenting, 262–263 • S • reptiles, 59 “Sabbath Peace!” (Shabbat Shalom!), 242, 244 resigned humor, 365 Sabbath Sanctifi cation (Shabbat Kiddush), resources 240–241 books, 393–394 , 177–179, 223 charities, 396 Safed, 74–75 magazines and journals, 394–395 Salome, Queen, 177 online, 396 salt , for Passover seder, 316, 317 organizations, 395–396 same-sex ceremonies, 135 respecting animals and environment, 101–103 Samuel, Book of, 167–168 revolutions, 182–183 sandek, 109 Ribono Shel Olam, 28 Sarah (Bible character), 155–157 rice products, blessing before eating, 388 Satan, 29 Righteous , 375 Saul, King of Israelites, 167–168, 361 righteousness, charity and, 92–94 Scheindlin, Raymond P. (author) rings, exchanging during weddings, 129 A Short History of the Jewish People, 394 rites and rituals Schindler, Oscar (industrialist), 375 about, 61–62 schlemazl, 383 blessings for, 390–391 schlemiel, 382 circumcision, 109–110 schlep, 382 false beliefs about, 224–225 schlock, 383 lighting the menorah, 285–286 schmatta, 383 lulav, 276 schmeer, 383 prohibitions on, 220 schmuck, 383 Shavuot, 337–343 Schulchan Aruch (The Arranged Table) ritual circumcision, 107–112 (Caro), 48 roasted egg, for Passover seder, 315, 316 Schwartz, Richard H. (animal rights roasted lamb shankbone, for Passover activist), 91 seder, 316 seafood, 58 role of women, 362–363 Seasons of Our Joy (Waskow), 394 Rome, 177–178, 181–184, 220 seating area (Synagogue), 55 Rosh Hashanah about, 249 about, 173 celebrating, 253–259 after destruction of First Temple, 173–175 cleaning spiritual house, 259–260 Greeks, 175–176 “Days of Awe,” 259–260 Herod, 178–179 fi rst-timers’ guide to services, 259 Israel in strife and combat, 176–177 40-day plan, 252–253 Rome, 177–178 High Holidays, 256–257 sects and violence, 179–180 Kapparot, 260 sects and violence, 179–180 making judgments, 249–252 Secular-Humanistic Jewish movement, 343 New Years, 251 sedarim, 41 ram’s horn, 257–258 seder recipes, 255 children at, 325 , 258–259 Passover, 313–326 Rosten, Leo (author) Tu B’Shvat, 294–295 The Joys of Yiddish, 377, 394 seder plate, 315, 316 Rousseau (philosopher), 195 seder , 112 Ruakh, 87 seed, spilling of, 96

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seeking forgiveness from God, 262 Shabbat Nachamu, 348 Sefer Ha-, 73 Shabbat Shalom! (“Sabbath Peace!”), 242, 244 Sefer Ha’Mitzvot (Book of the shadchan, 126 Commandments), 48 Shaddai, 28 Sefer Ha-Mitzvot Ha-Kitzur (The Concise Shakharit service, 52, 265 Book of the Commandments), 48 Shalakh Manot, 304 , 35, 36 shalom aleikhem, 375 , 73 (rabbi), 40 sefi rah, 80 shammash, 284, 286 sefi rot, 82–85, 330 shammos, 375 Seleucas, 175 Shanah Tovah, 259 self-critical humor, 363 Shapiro, Rami (rabbi), 213 self-examination, in humor, 363–365 shariah, 369 Sephardi, 14–15, 196–197, 309 Shavuah tov, 248 Sephardi Charoset recipe, 320 Shavuot , 38, 175–176 about, 333 services decorating for, 339 morning Shabbat, 245–246 fi rst-timers’ guide, 342 Musaf, 254, 256–258 ideas behind, 334–337 Rosh Hashanah, 259 Pentecost compared with, 337 Shabbat evening, 244–245 reawakening, 344 S’lichot, 253 rituals, 337–343 Yom Kippur, 265–269 shawls, 64–65 seudat havra’ah, 144 shaytl, 63 , 110, 120 shefa, 97 seven blessings, 129–130 Sheh-heh-khi-yanu blessing, 254 Severus, Emperor, 220 Shekinah (Divine Presence), 28, 77, 237 sexuality Shellac, 59 about, 96–97 shells, 75 birth control and abortion, 97–98 Shem Ha-M’forash, 26 homosexuality, 98 Shemonah Esray, 53 mystical visions of sexual union, 97 sheva b’rakhot, 129–130 prohibited relationships, 99 Shevakh, 53 prohibitions on, 220 Shevarim, 257 Shabbat shevirat ha-kelim, 75 about, 233–234, 237 shiksa, 383 attending evening services, 244–245 , 145 blessings, 238–242, 391 shloshim, 146 breaking rules, 236 Sh’ma, 52–53, 139, 385–387 celebrating for fi rst time, 239 Sh’ma (journal), 395 discovering what’s enough, 235 Sh’mini Atzeret, 277 doing what you can, 237 Sh’mot (Exodus), 34, 161–163 Havdalah, 246–248 Shoah. See Holocaust lighting the candles, 238–239 shochet, 58 Matzah Balls recipe, 243 , 270 meals, 242, 244, 245 Shofarot (“Shofar blasts”), 256 morning service, 245–246 shomer, 141 redefi ning rules, 236 “shomer shabbos,” 235 spices for Havdalah, 247–248 A Short History of the Jewish People universal aspects of, 248 (Scheindlin), 394 what to avoid, 234–235 shtetls, 194 wine and candles for Havdalah, 246 shtreimel, 16 Shabbat Kiddush (Sabbath Sanctifi cation), shuckling, 50 240–241 shul. See Synagogue

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Shulkhan Arukh (“The Arranged Table”), 354 Synagogue Shulkhan Orekh (eating the meal), 324 about, 54–55 shvartze, 228 cantor, 56 siddue, 57 fi rst-timer guide to, 57 , 256, 385 mainstays in, 55–56 sidra, 35 rabbi, 56 sidrot, 35 Synod of Toledo, 220 simcha, 127 Szold, Henrietta (scholar), 355–356 simchat bat, 112 Simkhat Torah, 277–278 • T • Sinai, meeting at, 334–335 sinning, 263 table, for Passover seder, 315–318 “sit shiva,” 145 taharah, 61, 142 613 commandments, 47–48 tahor, 61 Six-Day War (1967), 375 takanot, 187 sixth century BCE. See Second Temple tallit (prayer shawl), 48, 64, 75, 142, 245, slaughter, humane, 58 266, 391 s’lichot (“forgiveness”), 253, 264 tallit katan, 64 s’micha, 163 Talmud social actions, organizations for, 395–396 about, 41–43, 220 , 36 on fasting, 265 Soleveitchik, Joseph B. (rabbi), 252 on lighting the menorah candles, 285 , King, 169–170, 271, 361 raising of, 183–184 Southern Kingdom of Judea, 171–172 on sin, 263 Spain, 187, 189–191, 220, 221, 229 tamay, 61 Spanish Inquisition, 190, 220 Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), 35, 37–39 sparks, 75 Tarfon (rabbi), 103 speeches, at Bar/Bat Mitzvah, 120 taryag mitzvot, 47–48 spelt products, blessing before eating, 388 Tashlikh, 258–259 spices, for Havdalah, 247–248 tchotchke, 383 spilling of seed, 96 Tefi llah, 53 spin the dreidel, 289 tefi llin, 65–66 “Star of David” (Magen David), 62, 374 Tekiah, 257 Steinsaltz, Adin (rabbi), 72 Telushkin, Joseph (author) sufganiot, 287 Jewish Literacy, 394 suicide, 140 The Temple, 54 , 272–274 Ten Commandments, 46–47 Sukkot “” (Aseret Y’mai about, 271 Teshuvah), 259–260 etrog, 274–277 Tennessee, 221 fi rst-timers’ guide, 276 Teruah, 257 how to, 273–277 teshuvah, 251–252, 262 lulav, 274–277 t’fi llot, 50 Sh’mini Atzeret, 277 thanks, giving, 272 Simkhat Torah, 277–278 Theophany, 335 thanksgiving, 271–272 Third Reich, 206 syllables, 3 Tiferet, 83 symbols and images tikkun, 375 about, 79 Tikkun (journal), 395 fi ve levels of soul, 86–87 Tikkun Leil Shavuot, 338 Four Worlds, 85–86 tikkun olam, 32, 77, 91, 103, 375 of Passover restrictions, 310–311 “Time of our Joy” (Z’man Simkhateinu). See sefi rot, 82–85 Sukkot Tree of life, 79–82 “The Time of Liberation” (Z’man Kheiruteinu). See Passover

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timing rule of lighting menorah candles, 286 seder, 294–295 Tisha B’Av tithing, 293–294 about, 345–346 Twain, Mark (author), 226 fasting, reading, and refl ecting, 346 twenty-fi rst century, anti-Semitism in, fi rst-timers’ guide, 347 228–229 ritual of, 347 tza’ar ba’alei khayim, 102–103 Tu B’Av, 348 Tzafun (eating the afi komen), 324 Tishrei, 251 , 49, 92, 93 tithing, 293–294 tzitzit (“fringes”), 64, 142 Titus (Roman Emperor), 180 To Life! (Kushner), 227 • U • toh-ei-vah, 98 , 41 Ukraine, 194, 221 toothpaste, 309 Ultimate Reality, 32 Torah Ultra-Orthodox Jews, 16, 198–199, 216–218 about, 33–36, 154, 256–257, 279 ungepotchket, 384 Abraham, 44 unifi cation, 76 blessings for studying the, 391 United Jewish Communities (website), 396 expanding, 44 United States, 195, 229. See also Americas fi ve books of Moses, 34–35 unleavened foods, 308–309 midrash, 43–44 Urkhatz (handwashing with no blessing), 321 Mishnah, 40–41 use rule of lighting menorah candles, 286 Oral Torah, 39–44 utensils, 59 prohibitions on, 220 reading, 54 readings from at Bar/Bat Mitzvah, 119–120 • V • receiving the, 334 V’ahavta, 385–386 Simkhat Torah, 277–278 Vayikra (Leviticus), 34 Talmud, 41–43 vidui prayers, 268 Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), 37–39 Vienna, 220 weekly readings, 35–36 Vilna Gaon (sage), 339 wisdom, 40 violence and sects, 100–101, 179–180 Torquemada, Tomás de (Dominican vowels, pronouncing, 3 friar), 190 , 353 Transcendent, 76 • W • translations, 3 transubstantiation, 225 Wallenberg, Raoul (Swedish diplomat), 375 trayf, 58 wars, 167–168 A Treasury of Jewish Folklore (Ausubel), 394 washing hands, 241 Treaty of Versailles, 201 Waskow, Arthur (author) Tree of life (Eitz Chayim), 79–82 Seasons of Our Joy, 394 trees, planting, 296 websites trope, 338 ADL (Anti-Defamation League), 395 tsimmis, 254 American Jewish Committee, 395 tsimtsum, 74–75 American Jewish Congress, 395 tsuris, 384 B’nai B’rith International, 396 Tu B’Av, 348 Commentary (magazine), 395 Tu B’Shvat conversion, 368 about, 20–21, 135, 251, 293 Hadassah, 396 celebrating at home, 295 Hillel: The Foundation for Jewish Campus Kook, Abraham, 296 Life, 396 planting trees, 296 InterfaithFamily, 396 International Jerusalem Post (magazine), 395

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websites (continued) Yamim Nora’im (“Days of Awe”), 259–260 Jewish National Fund, 396 yarmulke (kippah), 62–64, 122, 143 Jewish Virtual Library, 396 Yehudim, 12 A Jewish Response to Hunger, 121 Yekhidah, 87 Joy of Jewish, 7, 119, 130, 132, 294, 393, 396 yente, 384 Judaism 101, 396 yeshivah, 376 Klezmer music, 366 yeshivot, 56 Maven Jewish Web Directory, 396 Yesod, 84 Mazon, 396 Yetzirah, 86 Moment (magazine), 395 , 127, 132 MyJewishLearning, 396 Yiddish, 3, 194, 377–384 Sh’ma (journal), 395 Yisrael, 158 Tikkun (journal), 395 Yizkor service, 149, 269 United Jewish Communities, 396 Yom Ha-Din (The Day of Judgment). See weddings Rosh Hashanah about, 125, 127 Yom Ha-Shoah, 206, 330–331 attending, 133 Yom Ha-Zikaron (The Day of breaking glass, 130–131 Remembrance). See Rosh Hashanah ceremony perparations, 126–127 Yom Kippur chuppah, 128 about, 261–262 divorce, 133–135 blessings, 267 drinking the fruit of the wine, 128–129 celebrating, 264–270 exchanging rings, 129 fasting, 264–265 intrafaith/interfaith, 130 fi rst-timers’ guide to services, 269 marriage contract, 131–132 forgiving others, 264 origins of Jewish marriage, 125–126 honoring light of, 270 sacred moments, 132 Kol Nidre, 266–268 same-sex, 135 preparing for, 266 seven blessings, 129–130 reading and kneeling, 268–270 , 376 repenting, 262–263 wheat products, blessing before eating, 388 seeking forgiveness from God, 262 “White Paper,” 203 services, 265–269 wine Yom Kippur War (1973), 376 blessings over, 239–242 Yom tov, 254, 376 for Havdalah, 246 yontif, 376 for Passover seder, 316–318 Wine, Sherwin (founder of Secular- Humanistic Jewish movement), 343 • Z • wine cups, for Passover seder, 316–318 Zachariah (prophet), 283 wisdom, 40 zaftig, 384 Wolf, Arnold Jacob (rabbi), 50 zayde, 384 women Zealots, 179 mitzvot and, 48–49 Zedekiah (Bible character), 172 role of, 362–363 Zeller, David (rabbi), 218 words, in mysticism, 85 Zera-im, 41 writings (Ketuvim), 37–38 Zikhronot (“Remembrances”), 256 Zion, 376 • Y • Zionist movement, 17, 201, 284 Z’man Kheiruteinu (“The Time of Vashem, 376 Liberation”). See Passover Yah, 28 Z’man Matan Torateinu. See Shavuot yahrtzeit, 146–148 Z’man Simkhateinu (“Time of our Joy”). See Yakhatz (breaking the matzah), 322 Sukkot Yam Suf, 162 , 73–74

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