El Diseño De Portadas De Cds Como Herramienta Gráfica Para La Construcción De La Imagen Del Arfista

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El Diseño De Portadas De Cds Como Herramienta Gráfica Para La Construcción De La Imagen Del Arfista TRABAJO “El diseño de portadas de CDs como herramienta gráfica FINAL DE para la construcción de la imagen del artista.” GRADO Autora: Collado Uzactegui, Alejandra Margarita Tutores: Vigo, Mariana y Funes, Lucas Carrera: Lic. Diseño Gráfico Año: 2010 “El diseño de portadas de CDs como herramienta gráfica para la construcción de la imagen del artista.” Resumen | Abstract Resumen Abstract En la presente investigación, se analiza el Diseño In this research, we analyze the Graphic Design Gráfico de portadas de CDs como una herramienta of CD covers as a tool which helps to build the que contribuye a construir la imagen de los artistas. image of the artists. As the corpus of the research, Para el análisis, y como corpus de la investigación, there were selected two genres: Rock & Roll and se seleccionaron dos géneros: el Rock&Roll y el Pop, as well as two artists by genre: The Beatles Pop, y dos artistas por género The Beatles y Rolling and Rolling Stone representing Rock & Roll, and Stone representando el Rock&Roll y Madonna y Madonna and Michael Jackson as Pop icons. Michael Jackson como íconos del Pop. El análisis The analysis was contextualized in the ‘80s and se realizó en el marco de las décadas ’80 y ’90 ‘90s, however, for the Beatles the ‘60s and ‘70s aunque para los Beatles, se tomó además los ’60 were also considered. It was analyzed one cover y ’70, analizando una portada para cada una de los per period. The objectives that guide this final períodos. Los objetivos que guían este trabajo final grade work are: To perform a semiotic analysis of de grado son: analizar semióticamente el lenguaje graphic language (iconic, linguistic, and color). To gráfico (icónico, lingüístico y cromático), comparar compare the general images of these genres taking las imágenes generales de dichos géneros, teniendo into consideration the personal and historical en cuenta en todo momento el contexto histórico backgrownd of the artists or the music groups. y personal de los artistas o grupos musicales. To achieve these objectives, the semiotic analysis Para lograrlos se realizó un análisis semiótico por was conducted by levels, from the most superficial niveles yendo del nivel más superficial hasta el ones untill the deepest ones, where the essence nivel más profundo encontrando allí la esencia del of the artist and genre was found. In this way, the artista y del género. Logrando así la construcción construction of the image was reveled from each de la imagen de cada portada para realizar las cover in order to make the final conclusions by conclusiones finales por género y por artista. gender and by artist. 2 Collado Alejandra | Lic. DGR | 2010 “El diseño de portadas de CDs como herramienta gráfica para la construcción de la imagen del artista.” “Todos nuestros sueños pueden volverse realidad si tenemos el valor de ir tras ellos.” Walt Disney “Sin pasión, no tienes energía; sin energía, no tienes nada. En el mundo no hay nada grande que se logre sin pasión.” Donald Trump 3 Collado Alejandra | Lic. DGR | 2010 “El diseño de portadas de CDs como herramienta gráfica para la construcción de la imagen del artista.” Agradecimientos y Dedicatoria En primer lugar debo agradecer a mi compañera de carrera Fer Bertoni ya que este TFG hubiera sido imposible sin su ayuda y su apoyo incondicional. Por supuesto agradezco la paciencia y la colaboración de los tutores que guiaron este proyecto, y a todos aquellos que formaron parte de este camino de aprendizaje. Además debo agradecer a mi familia, mis amigas, amigos, mis compañeros, mis danzarinas y a mi novio que me bancaron en este largo proceso, ya que por diferentes motivos estuvieron conmigo, aportando su granito de arena desde su humilde lugar. Es a ellos a quienes dedico este TFG que fue un gran esfuerzo desde todos lo aspectos. A mis padres por confiar en mí y darme la posibilidad de hacer lo que me gusta siempre. A mi hermano, familia, amigas/os, danzarinas, compañeros/as y a mi novio por bancarme en mis tiempos y en mis locuras. A todas aquellas personas que confiaron desde el principio en mi capacidad profesional. Y por último debo de agradecer a mi madrina que fue la que me guió hacia esta hermosa profesión. 4 Collado Alejandra | Lic. DGR | 2010 “El diseño de portadas de CDs como herramienta gráfica para la construcción de la imagen del artista.” Índice •Introducción 2 •Problema 3 CAPITULO 1 •Justificación 4 •Objetivos 5 •Marco Teórico 7 CAPITULO 2 •Marco Contextual 27 •Marco Metodológico 37 CAPITULO 3 •Presentación del Corpus 40 CAPITULO 4 •Estructura de Análisis 50 •Análisis: •Rock&Roll 53 CAPITULO 5 •Pop 86 •Análisis Comparativo de Géneros 107 •Conclusiones 111 CAPITULO 6 •Reflexión Final 114 CAPITULO 7 •Bibliografía 116 CAPITULO 8 •Anexos 117 1 Collado Alejandra | Lic. DGR | 2010 Capitulo 1 Introducción Problema Justificación Objetivos “El diseño de portadas de CDs como herramienta gráfica para la construcción de la imagen del artista.” Introducción La presente investigación estudia la manera en la que el diseño de las portadas del disco compacto (CDs) como herramienta de comunicación, con- tribuye a la construcción de la imagen del artista. Teniendo en cuenta que la imagen del artista se considera una imagen de marca, con los atributos y valores que este concepto contiene. Desde el análisis de las portadas de CDs de cada ar- tista musical, tomada como una herramienta prin- cipal en la formación de la imagen del artista, es que se analizará la manera en la que se construye aporta a dicha identidad, es decir que, a partir de la composición de cada pieza gráfica se analizará como se conjugan los diferentes lenguajes, icóni- co, textual y cromático para comunicar y generar el perfil del artista musical. Lo que interesa en este análisis es desde qué lenguaje y de qué manera se transmite y expresa cada uno de los álbumes que forman parte de la discográfica del artista para lograr parte de la construcción de la imagen. Teniendo en cuenta que existen diferentes medios y tipos de piezas de comunicación por los cuales se puede expresar la construcción de la imagen del artista, se eligió en este caso las portadas de CDs por que se considera una de las piezas princi- pales, dentro de la carrera del artista musical, ya que es en base a cada álbum y a cada trabajo que se genera la comunicación de las diferentes piezas para su promoción como artista y como trabajo discográfico. Siendo así el CD el producto principal que ofrece un artista musical. Por otro lado, se realizará un análisis de las dife- rencias y las semejanzas entre los géneros musi- cales que fueron seleccionados, a partir desde el lenguaje que utilicen para transmitir diferentes mensajes. 2 Collado Alejandra | Lic. DGR | 2010 “El diseño de portadas de CDs como herramienta gráfica para la construcción de la imagen del artista.” Problema Este trabajo analiza la manera en que las portadas de CDs son un medio o una herramienta utilizada para comunicar la imagen de los artistas. Por lo tanto se estudiará el lenguaje que se uti- liza para enviar los mensajes hacia sus públicos. Teniendo en cuenta que el artista forma parte de una empresa discográfica que vende un producto (el artista) entonces éste, deberá poseer ciertos atributos y valores que generan una imagen en la mente de sus públicos. A partir del análisis de las piezas gráficas seleccio- nadas, se dará respuesta a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cómo contribuye el diseño de portadas en la creación de la imagen del artista? 3 Collado Alejandra | Lic. DGR | 2010 “El diseño de portadas de CDs como herramienta gráfica para la construcción de la imagen del artista.” Fundamentación En este apartado se darán a conocer los motivos por los cuales se eligió el tema de la presente in- vestigación, y por lo tanto la importancia que pre- senta la temática elegida para la carrera. Según López Medel, (2009) la función de las por- tadas de CDs se ha ido modificando con el tiempo, en base a los objetivos y las funciones que debe cumplir el packaging de un CD. En un principio funcionaba solo como contendor y protector del producto, hasta que fueron modificándose las funciones a mediados de los años 90’ en donde la pieza gráfica pasa a ser la carta de presentación de la banda, o artista, que hace la promoción de un nuevo álbum. Por lo tanto, si es la presentación de un nuevo pro- ducto, esta pieza forma parte de un conjunto de piezas que exponen al artista hacia el público, en donde se genera el concepto de imagen. El artista es el producto de una empresa, es decir de una marca, por lo tanto como todas las mar- cas poseen atributos y valores que se transmiten a sus públicos a través de diferentes herramientas comunicacionales a fin de configurar una imagen en la mente de sus públicos. En el rubro musical, las portadas de CDs son parte importante de la creación de esta imagen. Y es en esta investigación donde debemos de analizar cuál es la manera en la que se construye esa imagen a partir del diseño de tales piezas gráficas. Es importante para el diseñador gráfico poder ana- lizar lo que genera cada pieza gráfica creada desde su área para saber manejarlo desde esta disciplina usándolo como oportunidades y poder explotarlas a la hora de formar parte de un proceso creativo. Por último, se considera que se podrán aportar conocimientos nuevos a la disciplina del Diseño Gráfico desde esta investigación a partir del análi- sis de piezas gráficas, tratando de comprender la función que éstas cumplen en el desarrollo de la imagen del artista, y en la creación del perfil de los géneros musicales.
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