DOCSLIB.ORG

Abstracts of M. Phil. / Ph.D. Theses Faculty of NUML

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Abstracts of M. Phil. / Ph.D. Theses Faculty of NUML za Abstracts of M. Phil. / Ph.D. Theses Faculty of NUML National University of Modern Languages (NUML) Office of Research Innovation & Commercialization (ORIC) Abstracts of M. Phil / PhD. Theses Faculty of NUML Table of Contents Faculty Wise Summary Doctor of Philosophy ............................................................................................ 3 Faculty Wise Summary Master of Philosophy ........................................................................................... 4 Faculty of Engineering & Computer Science .............................................................................................. 6 Department of Computer Science ................................................................................................................... 6 Department of Engineering .............................................................................................................................. 7 Department of Mathematics ......................................................................................................................... 12 Faculty of Languages .............................................................................................................................. 14 Department of Arabic .................................................................................................................................... 14 Department of English ................................................................................................................................... 19 Department of English Language (Lahore Campus) ....................................................................................... 28 Department of English Language (Multan Campus) ...................................................................................... 29 Department of German Language ................................................................................................................. 31 Department of Korean Language ................................................................................................................... 32 Department of Pakistani Languages .............................................................................................................. 36 Department of Persian Language ................................................................................................................... 38 Department of Urdu Language ...................................................................................................................... 42 Faculty of Management Sciences............................................................................................................ 53 Department of Governance & Public Policy ................................................................................................... 53 Department of Economics ............................................................................................................................. 56 Department of Management Sciences .......................................................................................................... 60 Department of Management Sciences (Peshawar Campus) ......................................................................... 72 Department of Management Sciences (Multan Campus) ............................................................................. 78 Faculty of Social Science ......................................................................................................................... 81 Department of Applied Psychology ............................................................................................................... 81 Department of Education ............................................................................................................................... 85 Department of International Relations .......................................................................................................... 92 Department of Islamic Studies ....................................................................................................................... 95 MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY ..................................................................................................................... 104 Faculty of Engineering & Computer Science .......................................................................................... 104 Department of Engineering .......................................................................................................................... 104 Department of Computer Science (Peshawar Campus) .............................................................................. 111 Department of Computer Science (Multan Campus) .................................................................................. 112 Faculty of Languages ............................................................................................................................ 113 Department of Arabic .................................................................................................................................. 113 Page 1 Abstracts of M. Phil / PhD. Theses Faculty of NUML Department of Arabic (Multan Campus)...................................................................................................... 114 Department of English ................................................................................................................................. 115 Department of English (Karachi Campus) .................................................................................................... 119 Department of English (Faisalabad Campus) ............................................................................................... 123 Department of English (Peshawar Campus) ................................................................................................ 126 Department of English (Multan Campus) .................................................................................................... 134 Department of Pakistani Languages ............................................................................................................ 145 Department of Persian Language ................................................................................................................. 149 Department of Korean Language ................................................................................................................. 150 Department of Urdu Language .................................................................................................................... 153 Faculty of Management Sciences.......................................................................................................... 154 Department of Governance & Public Policy ................................................................................................. 154 Department of Economics ........................................................................................................................... 158 Department of Economics (Faisalabad Campus) ......................................................................................... 164 Department of Economics (Peshawar Campus) ........................................................................................... 165 Department of Economics (Multan Campus) ............................................................................................... 166 Department of Management Sciences ........................................................................................................ 169 Department of Management Sciences (Karachi Campus) ........................................................................... 179 Department of Management Science (Lahore Campus) .............................................................................. 181 Department of Management Sciences (Faisalabad Campus) ...................................................................... 182 Department of Management Sciences (Peshawar Campus) ....................................................................... 187 Department of Management Sciences (Multan Campus) ........................................................................... 189 Faculty of Social Sciences ..................................................................................................................... 196 Department of Applied Psychology ............................................................................................................. 196 Department of Education ............................................................................................................................. 202 Department of Education (Karachi Campus) ............................................................................................... 210 Department of Education (Peshawar Campus) ............................................................................................ 212 Department of Education (Multan Campus) ................................................................................................ 214 Department of International Relations ........................................................................................................ 216 Department of Islamic Studies ..................................................................................................................... 218 Department of Islamic Studies (Peshawar Campus) ...................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pakistaniness in Taufiq Rafat's Selected Poems
    Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-9, 2016 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in Pakistaniness in Taufiq Rafat’s Selected Poems Hazrat Hayat Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad Abstract : Pakistani literature, since the writing of British English writers, reflects Independence, has come a long way from its early in the writing of these Indian English writers roots in post-independence English writings in the and it continued till 1947. After the partition, subcontinent. Over some 50 years or so, it has Indian writers felt the need to pay attention to evolved from its imitative, slavish cast into an the Indian culture, tradition, symbolism and original and rather dynamic mode. Today it has a imagery in order to make their own identity in distinctive ‘Pakistani’ color, or flavor, different literary world. They developed a new type of from that of other English literatures being poetry which is an epitome of their culture, written in other former colonies where English tradition, identity and what else they had in was introduced initially by the colonizers but was their society. The well-known and recognized soon adapted into “native” or “local” cultural writers who became the pioneers of this new ethos. Pakistani English literature claims to have type of English poetry include: Nissim Ezekiel, its own idiom reflecting Pakistani culture, KekinDaruwal, P. Lal, Dom Moraes, Kamala society, and mannerism (Dr: Munawwar Iqbal, Das, Gieve Patel and others. Dr: Safeer Awan, Kashmir journal of language research, 2011). The English literature written in Unlike India, in Pakistan, Poetic writing in this part of the Sub-continent tends to achieve English started later for English education its own color from 1970’s; different from that reached this part of the Sub-Continent later written in other parts of the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Jbottor of ${|Ilos;Op))P
    CULTURAL PLURALITY AND REVIVAL: A STUDY OF THE POETRY OF AGHASHAHIDALI .. ABSTRACT ^ /y. - OF THE THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF / JBottor of ${|ilos;op))p <•;'•'- '• ENGLISH s SYED HUMAYOUN SHABIR UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF DR. SAMI RAFIQ DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH-202 002 (INDIA) 2013 Abstract The thesis is an attempt to study the poetry of Agha Shahid Ali in detail trying to cover almost whole of his poetry. The thesis has attempted to examine Agha Shahid All's multicultural upbringing and its influence on the themes and techniques of his poetry. Ali sees himself as a part of many cultiires— Kashmiri, Indian, Islamic and Western, and his poetry gives glimpse of his journey from one culture to another, and from one home to another. He writes about his home, both old and new, and tries to retrieve the loss of his culture and home through poetry. I have approached my thesis reading whole of his poetry together, and not forming titles of the chapters based on the title of his books, but on the various themes and concerns that become subject of his poetry. The thesis has been divided into five chapters besides Introduction and Conclusion. Chapter I of the thesis is "Agha Shahid Ali and the Modem Indian English Poetic Tradition." The chapter deals with Ali in context of the post independence modem Indian English poetic tradition; particularly with reference to the poets like Nissim Ezekiel, A K Ramanujan, Kamala Das, Arun Kolatkar, Arvind Krishna Mehrotra, Gieve Patel, Meena Alexander, Shiv K Kumar etc.
    [Show full text]
  • The Elegiac Carnations by Daud Kamal on Death of Faiz Ahmed Faiz
    JEWELLED GRACE OF NOVEMBER LEAVES: THE ELEGIAC CARNATIONS BY DAUD KAMAL ON DEATH OF FAIZ AHMED FAIZ Komal Shahzadi Department of English International Islamic University, Islamabad ABSTRACT Rendering eulogies is not a novel phenomenon. The tradition seems to be as old as the tragedy of death itself. East or West, the memory of dears-departed is commemorated through elegies ormerthia-nigari (writing poems of bereavement). If the deceasedperson happens to be a poet, in Urdu literary tradition of epitaphs,he is showered with the poetic-carnations having references to his own poetry.Whereas in English versification of such poems is called pastoral elegies where a gradual shift from utter sense of loss, to consolation in memorable thoughts of the late-bardto a sense of resolution could be seen.This paper attempts to critically analyse Daud Kamal’s poem, Ascent written on death of Faiz Ahmed Faiz. In this elegy Daud Kamal seems to combine the oriental and occidental traditionsas a living example of his theory of Compass of love: “There is no /east or west /in the vast compass /of love” (Khwaja, 1988,p.50). Further, he has stylised this poem in a witty pattern of “eight” that reveals a lot about Faiz Ahmed’s poetry and his own poetic person. Key words: Daud Kamal, Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Pakistani poetry, pastoral elegy I know all deaths are difficult but you breathe in the lotus-fire of an astronomical hope. I only see petals of blood falling, falling. (Daud Kamal, Rough Hewn Beams : lines 16-23) Thus “weeps Daud Kamal for Faiz Ahmad Faiz” 1, who died on 20th November, 1984.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Tariq Rahman (CV)
    1 DR. TARIQ RAHMAN HEC Distinguished National Professor Emeritus & Dean, School of Education, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore Phone #: (92-51) 0321-5075922 E-mail: [email protected] Citizenship: PAKISTANI Date of Birth: February 4, 1949. EDUCATION 1991 University of Cambridge Certificate in Linguistics 1989 University of Strathclyde M.Litt in Linguistics 1985 University of Sheffield Ph.D in English 1982 University of Sheffield M.A in History & English Literature 1978 University of Peshawar M.A in Political Science (1st class; 1st-Gold Medalist) 1969 University of Peshawar B.A (1st Division) HONOURS Humboldt Senior Research Award - 2011 Lifetime achievement award 2005 HEC - 2009 Best Research Article in 2005 HEC - 2009 Pride of Performance - 2004 Pitras Bukhari Award for a Book entitled Language - 1999 and Politics in Pakistan (Oxford UP, 1996) by the Pakistan Academy of Letters [Best Research Work of 1996 in English]. Also awarded by the National Book Foundation for Social Sciences. Fulbright Senior Research Fellowship (USA) - 1995-96 Overseas Development Association Scholarship (UK) - 1988-89 British Council Scholarship (UK) - 1981 - 1985 Merit Scholarship in Matriculation - 1965-67 2 EXPERIENCE 2011 September Dean, School of Education, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore 2010 Jun-Jul DAAD Visiting Research Fellow, University of Heidelberg, Germany. 2010 April Professor Emeritus, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2010 Jan-Mar Visiting Fellow, Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies, University of Oxford, UK. 2007 July Tenured Professor. 2007 June–May 2011 Director, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University 2004 Sept-June 2005 Quaid-i-Azam Scholar on Pakistan Studies, University of California, Berkeley 2004 Jan Distinguished National Professor for life 2003 Jan Quaid-i-Azam Professor, Chair on Quaid-i-Azam and Freedom Movement (NIPS), Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad.
    [Show full text]
  • CURRICULUM of ENGLISH BS & MS/Mphil
    CURRICULUM OF ENGLISH BS & MS/MPhil (Revised 2017) HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION ISLAMABAD CURRICULUM DIVISION, HEC Prof. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed Chairman Prof. Dr. Arshad Ali Executive Director Mr. Muhammad Raza Chohan Director General (Academics) Dr. Muhammad Idrees Director (Curriculum) Syeda Sanober Rizvi Deputy Director (Curriculum) Mr. Riaz-ul-Haque Assistant Director (Curriculum) 2 CONTENTS 1. Preface 4 2. Rationale of Curriculum Review and Revisions 10 3. Assessment Criteria 12 4. Indicative List of General Courses 13 5. Summary of Scheme of Studies for 4-year BS 14 6. Semester-wise Scheme of Studies BS English (Language & Literature) 18 7. Elective Subjects - BS English (Literature) 104 8. Elective Subjects –BS English (Linguistics) 112 9. Scheme of studies for MPhil Literature 131 10. Scheme of studies for MPhil Linguistics 133 8. MPHIL English (Literature) 135 9. Elective subjects MPhil English (Literature) 159 10. MPhil English (Linguistics) 190 11. ELECTIVES 212 10. Annexure A-F 248 3 PREFACE The curriculum, with varying definitions, is said to be a plan of the teaching-learning process that students of an academic programme are required to undergo to achieve some specific objectives. It includes scheme of studies, objectives & learning outcomes, course contents, teaching methodologies and assessment/ evaluation. Since knowledge in all disciplines and fields is expanding at a fast pace and new disciplines are also emerging; it is imperative that curricula be developed and revised accordingly. University Grants Commission (UGC) was designated as the competent authority to develop, review and revise curricula beyond Class-XII vide Section 3, Sub-Section 2 (ii), Act of Parliament No. X of 1976 titled “Supervision of Curricula and Textbooks and Maintenance of Standard of Education”.
    [Show full text]
  • Stylistic Analysis of Daud Kamal's Poem Reproductions
    PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) ISSN: 0033-3077 Volume: 58(4): Pages: 1008 - 1016 Article Received: 08th October, 2020; Article Revised: 15th February, 2021; Article Accepted: 20th March, 2021 Stylistic Analysis of Daud Kamal’s Poem Reproductions ShahabRehman Lecturer in English, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan Email: [email protected] Dr. AbdusSamad Assistant Professor/Chairman, Department of English, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan Muhammad TahirAnjum Lecturer in English, Kohat University of Science & Technology,Kohat, Pakistan Abstract The current research work is focused on the stylistic analysis of DaudKamal’s poem “Reproductions”. The present study will shed light on the phonological, semantic, structural, grammatical and several stylistic devices which are used in the given poem. Furthermore, the paper investigates the selected poem by employing linguistic tools with the aim to make their meaning explicit. Stylistics is a scientific discipline,and it is quite beneficial to both the teachers and students of English language and literature. Native speakers of English as well as foreign students can benefit from the field of stylistics. It provides both linguistic and literary insight and knowledge. Keywords: stylistic analysis, Daud Kamal, linguistics, phonological level, semantic level, 1. Introduction facts and is very objective case of the study 1.1 Style ― theories which originate in language The word 'style' comes from the Latin word usually help in developing an objective 'stilus'. It can be generally described as 'a approaches and methods of analysis, way ofpresenting oneself to the world. It is a investigation, andinterpretation by especially manner of doing things. Leech & Short focusing on the literature entity independent (2007)defines 'style' as 'the way of which of a writer‟s intents (Kumar, 1987, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Liaquat Ali Khan
    CONTACT Academic, Trade, and Higher Education Books Catalogue 2007 i Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. KARACHI ISLAMABAD HEAD OFFICE: OFFICE/BOOKSHOP: No. 38, Sector 15, Korangi Industrial Area, 7, Shalimar Plaza, Jinnah Avenue, Karachi-74900, Pakistan. 99 West, Blue Area, Islamabad-44000. UAN: 111 693673 (111 OXFORD). UAN: 111 693673. Tel.: 5071580-86. Tel.: 2822795-6. Fax: 92-51-2277328. Fax: 92-21-5055071, 5055072. e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Contact Persons: [email protected] Fayyaz Raja, Regional Sales Manager Contact Persons: Javaid Akhtar Raheela Fahim Baqai, Marketing Manager Syed Shiraz Haider, Manager Sales MULTAN OFFICE/BOOKSHOP: BOOKSHOP: 958/5, Tareen Road, Park Towers, Sharae Firdousi, Clifton, Karachi. Opp. Divisional Sports Ground, Tel.: 5875355. Near Kutchery Chowk, Multan. Contact Persons: UAN: 111 693673. Abdul Hafeez/Roshan Zameer Tel.: 4585256. Fax: 92-61-4541742. BOOKSHOP: e-mail: [email protected] Dolmen Mall, Tariq Road, P.E.C.H.S., Karachi. Contact Persons: Tel.: 4380495. Mubasher Manzoor/Mohsin Ali Naqvi Contact Person: Mishal Gul PESHAWAR OFFICE/BOOKSHOP: LAHORE Qureshi Market, Opp. Usmania Restaurant, OFFICE: University Road, Peshawar. 52-G, Gulberg III, Lahore. UAN: 111 693673. UAN: 111 693673. Tel.: 5701029. Tel.: 5832305. Fax: 92-42-5850357. Fax: 92-91-5850367. e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Contact Person: Contact Person: Tariq Haq, Regional Sales Manager Mian Waqar Naeem BOOKSHOP: FAISALABAD Shop No.
    [Show full text]
  • Syllabus for the Subject of Veterinary Science Paper – I
    SYLLABUS FOR THE SUBJECT OF VETERINARY SCIENCE PAPER – I Total Marks: 100 Anatomy and Physiology General terms used in Anatomy and Physiology. Anatomy and Physiology of different systems such as Digestive System, Cardiovascular System, Respiratory System, uro-general system, Endocrine Glands, Nervous System, Sense Organs. Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of different systems of various domestic animals. Pharmacology and Toxicology Terminology Drug development and drug regulation. Sources of drugs and drugs classification. Physiochemical properties of drugs, Disposition and bioavailability of drugs. Structure activity and dose response relationship, Drug Resistance, Drug safety, adverse effects, tissue residue and public health. Pharmacology of drugs affecting various systems, Chemotherapeutic agents, antibiotics, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic drugs. Terms used in toxicology, Forensic toxicology, Sources of poisoning and poisonous plants. Specific and non specific antidote therapy. Parasitology Effects of parasites on their host and their economic significance. Immunity and resistance of parasites. Mode of action of anti-parasitic drugs. Parasitic zoonoses examples, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and control of various parasites such as Protozoa (Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma, Babesia, Theileria, Coccidia, Etc). Helminthes (Ascariasis, strongylosis, haemonchus, oestertagia, fasciolosis, schistosoma, Ectoparasites (mange, mite, ticks, flies). Microbiology General Microbiology, Diversity of Microbes, Prokaryotes Vs Eukaryotes.
    [Show full text]
  • Notification No. 1 LL.B. Part-II Annual Examination 2019
    UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB Notification No. 1 LL.B. Part-II, Annual Examination 2019 It is hereby notified that the result of the LL.B. Part-II, Annual Examination 2019, held in June-July 2019, has been declared as under:- Maximum marks in this Examination are 1400. Note: 1. This notification is issued, errors and omissions excepted as a notice only. An entry appearing in it does not in itself confer any right or privilege independently to the grant of a proper Certificate / Degree / Diploma, which will be issued under the regulations in due course. 2. If a candidate finds any discrepancy in his result card or if he does not receive his result card, he will be bound and responsible to submit his application within 60 days from the date of declaration of his result provided that it will not be applicable to such case where time limit already exists. 3. Totally failed candidates who have appeared in Annual Examination can appear in the Supplementary Examination in all subjects. 4. If any student is found Expelled / Rusticated or involved in any illegal activity, the Result will be quashed under the University Rules. ********************************************* This result is also available on www.pu.edu.pk Department of Examinations, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore. 1 / 2 Roll Serial Regd. Marks/Papers to reappear No. No. No. Objections, if any National Institute of Legal Studies, Attock 005108 004171 2010-drr-28 Naheed Nazir D/o Nazeer Ahmed Fail II-4,VI-1-2,I-3 till the Supplementary 2020. 005109 001099 2011-z-5945 Hafiza Sidra Shafiq D/o Muhammad Shafiq Pass 703 005110 001090 2012-gww-86 Nabila Shaheen D/o Ghulam Matloob Fail VI-1-2 till the Supplementary 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Kamal's Translation of the Selected Poems of Faiz: Application of Baker's
    KAMAL’S TRANSLATION OF THE SELECTED POEMS OF FAIZ: APPLICATION OF BAKER’S THEORY OF EQUIVALENCE By IBAD ULLAH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES ISLAMABAD February, 2019 Kamal’s Translation of The Selected Poems of Faiz: Application of Baker’s Theory of Equivalence By IBAD ULLAH BS English, Islamia College Peshawar, 2014 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY In English To FACULTY OF ENGLISH STUDIES NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES, ISLAMABAD © Ibad Ullah, 2019 ii NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES FACULTY OF ENGLISH STUDIES THESIS AND DEFENSE APPROVAL FORM The undersigned certify that they have read the following thesis, examined the defense, are satisfied with the overall exam performance, and recommend the thesis to the Faculty of English Studies for acceptance: Thesis Title: Kamal’s Translation of the Selected Poems of Faiz: Application of Baker’s Theory of Equivalence Submitted By: Ibad Ullah Registration #: 1158 MPhil/Eng/S16 Master of Philosophy Degree name in full English Linguistics Name of Discipline Dr. Jamil Asghar Jami_______ Name of Research Supervisor Signature of Research Supervisor Prof. Dr. Muhammad Safeer Awan _______________________ Name of Dean (FES) Signature of Dean(FES) Brig. Muhammad Ibrahim __________________ Name of DG Signature of DG Date iii CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION I Ibad Ullah Son of Nasrullah Khan Registration # 1158 MPhil/Eng/S16 Discipline English Linguistics Candidate of Master of Philosophy at the National University of Modern Languages do hereby declare that the thesis Kamal’s Translation of the Selected Poems of Faiz: Application of Baker’s Theory of Equivalence submitted by me in partial fulfillment of MPhil degree, is my original work, and has not been submitted or published earlier.
    [Show full text]
  • Tracing the Evolution of Pakistani Poetry in English Byasma Mansoor
    Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies Vol. 4, No. 1 (2012) The Notes of a New Harp: Tracing the Evolution of Pakistani Poetry in English ByAsma Mansoor Biography As a Lecturer in the Department of English at the International Islamic University, Islamabad, I have, over the last five years, had exposure to reading as well as teaching both English Literature and World Literatures in English to undergraduate students of English literature. This has enabled me to appreciate the inter-connections amongst different forms of literature,an appreciation that has further been strengthened by my own endeavours to compose poetry in English. Pakistani Literature in English, being a burgeoning field, has offered me an interesting dimension of research because of the plurality of patterns that it offers. Introduction Pakistan has been a melting pot of various cultures, religions and ideologies which have all been sublimated into the crystalline residuum of literatures in various languages. With a luxuriant cultural substratum, the literature produced here displays a dazzling variety. Urdu, Hindi, Pashto, Panjabi, Sindhi literature, etc., each in its own right flaunts a rich literary heritage. However, this development has not been restricted to the indigenous literatures of the land alone. Interestingly, Pakistani Literature in English has also evolved into a widening genre that is winning critical acclaim and is also becoming the object of scrutiny under the microscope of various literary theories. While Pakistani writers of fiction in English have monumentally chiselled their names on the international literary scene, Pakistani poets writing in English have yet to crest to the same prominence.
    [Show full text]
  • Pakistani English Literature Study Material by Prof Aparajita Hazra
    Pakistani English literature : study material by Prof Aparajita Hazra. • English literature that has been developed and evolved in Pakistan • English literature that has been developed by members of the Pakistani diaspora. …has a history going back to the British colonial rule in South Asia (the British Raj) Since Pakistan came into being as a separate state, out of a part of former British India, in August 1947, there always was and has been, a ‘presence’ of writers who have written and continue to write in English, as their preferred means of literary/creative communication. Indeed, over the last 20 years, this number has grown manifold as Pakistan’s dynamic educated middle class has expanded, and so has the number of expatriate Pakistanis (or people of Pakistani origins settled in Europe and North America who still identify themselves as a ‘Pakistani diaspora’) who have been at the forefront in popularizing Pakistani writings in English. Dr. Alamgir Hashmi introduced the term "Pakistani Literature [originally written] in English" with his "Preface" to his pioneering book Pakistani Literature: The Contemporary English Writers (New York, 1978; Islamabad, 1987) Taufiq Rafat once said, “A fair number of Pakistanis write in English… [so] we may point to a distinct Pakistani-English Literature”. 20th Century: • Shahid Suhrawardy, • Ahmed Ali, • Alamgir Hashmi, • Taufiq Rafat, • Daud Kamal, • Zulfikar Ghose • Bapsi Sidhwa • Maki Kureishi • Hanif Kureshi • Moniza Alvi • Tariq Ali • Sara Suleri • Aamer Hussein • Saleem Akhtar and others. The early success of Pakistani English poets was followed in fiction by the prose works written by Ahmed Ali co-founder of The Progressive Writers Movement & Association, author of Twilight in Delhi, Angarey..., and Zulfikar Ghose, and by such figures as Bapsi Sidhwa, the Parsi author of The Crow Eaters, Cracking India (1988) and other novels.
    [Show full text]