Appendix I: compiled and introduced by Alamgir Hashmi Islamabad, Pakistan

Introduction

The country’s return to democracy towards the end of 1988 has meant that the official and unofficial media ban on writers, at least for the time being, seems like a bygone practice. There is yet the twin challenge of reborn freedom and greater literary responsibility, and these are likely to be the central issues for writers during the next decade. The point is accentuated by the ideological tremours set off by the inter-regional proscription of Salman Rushdie’s novel, The Satanic Verses, as well as by the threat to the author’s life. I am unable to comment on his novel or on the one by Adam Zameenzad (see Fiction), since their books are not available in Pakistan. It is doubtful whether such a furore about the Rushdie affair would have followed a disciplined reading of the work as fiction. Yet, for what it is worth, it is not for the first time that a crucial question has been asked in numerous places: why do writers from the ex-colonies who are transported to the former imperial loci tend to flout or (ab)use privileged cultural texts of the societies in which they no longer function as citizens? A number of such works have also drawn major Western prizes, while other important works (with Western themes and materials) by the same writers have been passed over in dignified silence. The other two outstanding novels were Ice Bangles by Nazneen Sadiq and Ice-Candy-Man by Bapsi Sidhwa. The last-named novel concerns the Partition events of 1947, and is more interesting for its characteriza- tion, developing narrative techniques and the child’s point of view than what it actually has to tell about the events. In , quality rather than quantity was the operative rule. Late Faiz Ahmed Faiz, the major poet, occasionally wrote in English. Unicorn and the Dancing Girl offers samples of his English verse as well as ’s translations and original compositions. Alamgir

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Hashmi’s Inland and Other Poems is his seventh poetry collection to date and collects work done during 1984 - 88. His poems were also published during the year in such anthologies and magazines as The American Poetry Anthology (USA), Mornings in the Wilderness: Readings in Pakistani Literature (), Prophetic Voices (USA), Visions (USA), New Letters (USA), and Edinburgh Review (UK). While the only critical volume published during the year was The Commonwealth, Comparative Literature and the World, numerous articles and reviews in Pakistani and foreign publications contributed substan- tially to a well-informed and lively discussion of the current literary topics. The authors most frequently referred to were Ahmed Ali, Ustad Daman, Mirza Chalib, Zulfikar Ghose, Alamgir Hashmi, Moham- mad Iqbal, Daud Kamal, Qadir Yar, Taufiq Rafat and Bapsi Sidhwa. Two ambitious anthologies also appeared, and they were both laboriously put together and produced tastefully even if the substan- tive results were variable. Mornings in the Wilderness: Readings in Pakistani Literature, edited by Waqas Ahmed Khwaja, is a compilation of Pakistani literature originally written in English, and of that in Urdu in English translation. Khwaja also provides a rather long &dquo;introduction&dquo; to the literature, in keeping with the popular notion here that the longer length of the &dquo;introduction&dquo; makes for a respectable book. The special issue of The Journal of Indian Writing in English (Gulbarga, India), which is entitled Writing in English from Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, is the first to concentrate on the given region, and Klaus Stuckert, the guest editor, has put in much effort to get the best writers to contribute to it. He has, indeed, met with much success in this effort, and a number of outstanding Pakistani writers are there in the company of the writers from Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. It may be added that the choice of the present title (as against the one proposed earlier, ’Non-Indian Indian Literature ...’) is a far more appropriate one. The translations section is relatively thin but for Naomi Lazard’ss The True Subject.- Selected Poems of Faiz Ahmed Faiz. The volume grew out of a degree of collaboration between the poet and the translator. The translations, in ’contemporary’ English according to Lazard, are free of metre and rhyme and propose to improve upon or supersede Victor Kiernan’s translation. There are some very effective translations in the book; as well as those with which Faizians will disagree. The book must be welcomed, nonetheless, as a devoted rendering of Faiz for the end-of-the-Century English audience, which may not have had earlier access to the work, the poet, the implicated poetic principles, or his culture. In the non-fiction section, the autobiographies ofBenazir Bhutto and Wajid A. Burki stand out, although they both focus on the professional

Downloaded from jcl.sagepub.com at SAGE Publications on August 1, 2016 128 careers. S. Shahid Hamid’s book is much too thin on material for an autobiography, while Khalid Hasan’s volume, though of &dquo;current&dquo; interest, indicates little development over the column-length-essay style seen in his earlier volumes. Another lively columnist and prominent writer on both social and ‘current’ subjects, wrote his last piece in December. Mohammad Idrees, editor of The Pakistan Times, had begun, in the 1950s, with the Govern- ment College’s The Ravi (Lahore) and continued to work in Lahore. His passing away was described by the editorial-writer of The Muslim (Islamabad, December 30) as ’the end of an era in English journalism’ .

Bibliography Bibliographies

BIBLIOGRAPHIES PUBLISHED SERIALLY

Bibliography of Asian Studies 1983 ed Wayne Surdam Association for Asian Studies (Ann Arbor) [see pp299 - 309 on Pakistan and p306 particu- larly on Language and Literature].

RESEARCH AIDS

’I Would Much Rather Be Called A Pakistani Than a Third-Worlder’ Bapsi Sidhwa Dawn Magazine 23 Dec p4. ’Literature to Save Man’ Gilani Kamran The Nation 10 Aug p2. Lone Ranger in PakistanJulian Samuel; Emergency Press (Peterborough, Ont., Canada) [1986]. ’Most of My Contemporaries Are Writing Bad Poetry’ Herald (19) 1 (Jan) pp176 - 80. [Personality Interview]. ’Motion on Urdu Disposed of’ The Pakistan Times 16 Dec p9. ’Muchness of the Sameness in English Literature’ Fauzia Afzal Khan The Na- tion 5 Feb p6. ’Pakistan’ in The Far East and Australia 1988 Nineteenth Edition Europa Publica- tions Ltd. (London) pp796-832 [1987]. Pakistan Yearbook 1987-88 Fifteenth Edition Rafique Akhtar 624pp East & West Publishing Co (Karachi) csd Rs175.00. [1987]. Pakistan Yearbook 198889 - Sixteenth Edition 666pp East & West Publishing Co (Kararchi and Lahore) csd Rs175.00. ’A Pakistani Novelist Looks at How East and West Look at Each Other: The Two-Way Mirror’ Bapsi Sidhwa The Pakistan Times Magazine Section 23 Dec pp1, 5. ’Poetry and Prose - Prose Poems’ M. Siddiq Kalim The Pakistan Times 12 Aug pp6 - 7 .

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’Punjabi in Punjab’ Khaled Ahmed The Nation 7 Jan p6. ’Punjabi Nationalism and ’ ZenoDawn Magazine 10 June p4. ’Reviving English’ editorial The Nation 6 Jan. ’State of Pakistani Literature’ [mainly Urdu] Gilani Kamran The Nation (Second Anniversary Supplement Part II) 17 Oct p7. ’The Cultural Loss of Persian’ Munawar Hafiz The Nation Friday Review 4 Nov p11. ’The Government and the Press in Pakistan’ Khaled Ahmed The Nation (Second Anniversary Supplement Part I) 17 Oct pp1, 12. ’Urdu Literature 1987: An Overview’ Anwar Sadeed The Pakistan Times Magazine Section 5 Feb pp3, 5.

Poetry Faiz, Faiz Ahmed Unicorn and the Dancing Girl ed Khalid Hasan 208pp Allied Publishers (New Delhi) csd Rs95.00. Ghose, Zulfikar Three poems. The Toronto South Asian Review (6) 1 pp 14 -16 [1987]. Hashmi, Alamgir Inland and Other Poems 76pp Gulmohar Press (Islamabad) csd Rs200.00 pa Rs100.00. Kamal, Daud Unicorn and the Dancing Girl ed Khalid Hasan 208pp Allied Publishers (New Delhi) csd Rs95.00. Naqvi, Jamil Lyric Homage - To the Last of the Prophets 124pp Royal Book Co (Karachi) pa. Siddiqi, Riaz Ahsan Catscan: Poems by Riaz Ahsan Siddiqi 82pp Nawa-i-Waqt Publications (Lahore) Rs55.00.

Fiction Azam, Ikram Three Novels 337pp Margalla Voices (Islamabad) pa Rs100.00 [1986]. Rushdie, Salman The Satanic Verses 480pp Penguin-Viking (London) csd £12.95. Sadiq, Nazneen Ice Bangles Lorimer (Toronto). Sidhwa, Bapsi The Ice-Candy-Man 277pp Heinemann (London) csd. Zameenzad, Adam My FriendMatt and Hena the Whore Fourth Estate (London) csd £11.95.

Anthologies Mornings in the Wilderness: Readings in Pakistani Literature ed Waqas Ahmad Khwaja 320pp Sang-e-Meel Publications (Lahore) pa Rs75.00 [includes work by Pakistani English-language writers as well as Urdu-language writers, the latter in English translation]. Tangerine in the Sun: An Anthology of Poems by Zill-i-Atif, Mehvash Amin, Raheela Khan and Lubna Razzak 124pp Takhleeq Publishers (Lahore) pa Rs60. 00. Writing in English from Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh ed Klaus Stuckert (see Special Issues) [poems and short stories by several Pakistani writers].

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Translations Faiz, Faiz Ahmed The True Subject Selected Poems of FaizAhmed Faiz trans Naomi Lazard 136pp Princeton Univ Press (USA) csd $20.00 pa $10.00 Vanguard (Lahore) csd Rs150.00. _ Unicorn and the Dancing Girl ed Khalid Hasan (see Poetry) [contains Daud Kamal’s translations of Faiz from Urdu verse as well as poems origin- ally composed in English by Faiz and Kamal]. Masroor, Mehr Nigar Shadows of Time trans from Urdu 445pp Chanakya (Delhi) Indian-Rs175.00 [1987].

Criticism GENERAL STUDIES

’Pakistani English Poetry: A Survey’ (see Special Issues) pp27 - 44. ’Pakistani Literature in English’ Alamgir Hashmi Pakistan Pictorial (12) 4 (July-August) pp27-30. The Commonwealth, Comparative Literature and the World 7 1 pp Gulmohar Press (Islamabad) csd Rs200.00 pa Rs100.00. ’Women Poets in Pakistan’ Hina Babar Ali The Nation 25 March pp6 - 7.

STUDIES OF INDIVIDUAL AUTHORS

Ali, Ahmed ‘English Version of Ahmed All’s Short Stories’ Alamgir Hashmi The Nation (From the Bookshelf) 29 July p7. ___ "Live in Fragments No Longer": A Conciliatory Analysis of Ahmed Ali’s Twilight" Gerhard Stilz (see Special Issues) pp69 - 88. ___ ’The Novelist’s Rejuvenation: Ahmed Ali and His Work’ Alamgir Hashmi The Nation 22 Jan p7. ___ ed Selected Short Stories from Pakistan. Urdu [1986] Alamgir Hashmi World Literature today (62) 1 p185 [1986]. Daman, Ustad ’Ustad Daman: Man and Poet’ Waqas Ahmad Khwaja The Nation 14 Oct [1987]. , Mirza Asadullah Khan. ’Mirza Ghalib and His Post Office’ Alamgir Hashmi The Muslim Magazine 2 Dec p5 [incomplete text of a radio broadcast] . Ghose, Zulfikar ’Fantasizing the Mundane’ [review ofFigures of Enchantment, 1986] Alamgir Hashmi The Muslim Magazine 30 Sept p5. ___ ’The Incredible Zulfikar Ghose’ [interview] Masood Hasan The Nation 4 Nov pp6 - 7; 11 Nov p6; 18 Nov p7. ___ ’Unreal Reel and the Unreeled Real: Hulme’s Investigations into the Bogart Script’ C. Kanaganayakam (see Special Issues) pp178 - 90. ___’Zulfikar Ghose and the Land of His Birth’ Tariq Rahman The Nation Friday Review 1 July pp6 - 7. ___ ’Zulfikar Ghose on His Themes and Style’ [interview with Tariq Rahman] Viewpoint 21 July pp9 - 11.

Downloaded from jcl.sagepub.com at SAGE Publications on August 1, 2016 131 Hashmi, Alamgir ’Alamgir Hashmi’s Poetry: Pakistan, Modernity and Language’ Bruce King (see Special Issues) pp55 - 68. _ Inland and Other Poems [1988] John Oliver Perry World Literature Today (62) 4 pp731-2. ___ "Let’s Celebrate" : Alamgir Hasmi’s My Second in Kentucky" Michael Sharkey New Literature Review (Australia) 15 pp33 - 9. ___ ’Placing Pakistani Literature on Literary Map of the World’ Tariq Rahman Dawn Magazine 5 Aug p4. Hashmi, Jamila ’Cultural Metaphor: Remembering a Lady Writer’ Gilani Kamran The Nation. Midweek 27 Jan p2. Iqbal, Muhammad ’Iqbal and Persian Poets in India and Pakistan’ A. Gafarov The Muslim Magazine 4 Nov p5. ___’Iqbal in a Changed World’ Gilani Kamran The Nation Midweek 9 Nov p2. ___ Iqbal’s Synthesis of Pan-Islamism and Nationalism’ Sharif-al-Mujahid The Nation Midweek 9 Nov pp 1, 4. ___ ’The Age of Iqbal’ editorial The Nation: Midweek 9 Nov p2. Kamal, Daud ’Daud Kamal: How to Write Poems in Urdu in English’ Alamgir Hashmi The Muslim Magazine 16 Dec p5. ___ ’Daud Kamal - The Restless Traveller’ Khalid Hasan The Nation 15 Jan p6. ___’Remembering Daud Kamal (1935- 1987)’ M. P. Bhandara The Nation 5 Dec Supplement p3. Kamran, Gilani ’Gilani Kamran: Literary Nationalism and All That’ Khaled Ahmed The Nation Friday Review 17 June p7. ___’Hope Is a Horizon’ M. Salim-ur-Rahman The Pakistan Times Magazine Section 5 Feb p3. Kayani, M. R. ’The Judge Who Fought Single-Handed’ Haroon I. Kayani The Nation 1 Dec p7. Masroor, Mehr NigarShadows of Time [trans 1987] Adele King World Literature Today (62) 4 p732; also as ’Out of the Shadows’ Debonair(Bombay) August p81. Nazar, Qayyum ’Qayyum Nazar: A Poet of Disciplined Sensibility’ M. Ismail Bhatti The Nation Friday Nation 17 June p6. Niazi, Munir ’Most of My Contemporaries Are Writing Bad Poetry’ [inter- view] Herald (19) 1 pp176 - 80. Qadir Yar Qadir Yar - A Critical Introduction M. Athar Tahir 141 pp Pakistan Punjabi Adabi Board (Lahore) pa Rs100.00 [on the nineteenth-century Punjabi "Qissa" poet]. Rafat, Taufiq ’Taufiq Rafat and the Creation of an Idiom’ Waqas Ahmad Khwaja The Star 16 July 1987 pp2 - 3. ___ ’Taufiq Rafat: Thirty Years in a Book’ Nuzhat Ghayur The Journal of the English Literary Club 1987 pp65 - 76. Rushdie, Salman ’A Smile That Freezes the Heart’ [on The Jaguar Smile. A Nicaraguan Journey, 1987] Samina Choonara Third World International (Karachi) March pp95 - 6. ___ ’Salman Rushdie’s Shame’ [on the author and his Satanic Verses, 1988] Khalid Hasan The Nation 25 Nov p6.

Downloaded from jcl.sagepub.com at SAGE Publications on August 1, 2016 132 _ ’Shame’s Holy Book’ Timothy Brennan (see Special Issues) pp210-27. Sidhwa, Bapsi ’A Pakistani Novelist Looks at How East and West Look at Each Other: The Two-Way Mirror’ Bapsi Sidhwa (see Research Aids). ___’Bapsi Sidhwa’s Progress as a Novelist: From a View of the Community to a Vision of Humanity’ Naila Hussain The Nation: Midweek 13 Jan pp1, 4. __The Ice-Candy-Man [1988] Tariq Rahman World Literature Today (62) 4 732 - 3. ___ ’I Would Much Rather be Called a Pakistani than a Third-Worlder’ Bapsi Sidhwa (see Research Aids). ___ ’The Novel Comes Naturally to Me’ Bapsi Sidhwa [interview] View- point 25 Feb pp21- 2, p32. ___ ’Through a Novelist’s Eye’ Anita Desai Dawn Magazine 29 July p8. ___ ’Bapsi Sidhwa’s Third Novel’ Tariq Rahman Dawn Magazine 3 June. Zameenzad, Adam ’Ramshackle Edifice’ [review of The Thirteenth House, 1987] M. Salim-ur-Rahman The Pakistan Times Magazine Section 8 July p3. _ The Thirteenth House [1987] Alamgir Hashmi The Mulsim Magazine 20 J an p5.

Non-Fiction Bhutto, Benazir Daughter of the East. An Autobiography 333pp Hamish Hamilton (London) csd £12.95. Burki, W. A. Autobiography of an Army Doctor in British India and Pakistan 366pp Burki House (Rawalpindi) csd. Hamid, S. Shahid Autobiography of a General 166pp Ferozsons (Lahore) csd Rs280.00. Hasan, Khalid The Umpire Strikes Back People and Politics in Pakistan Vanguard Books (Lahore) csd. Journals: Special Issues The Journal ofIndian Writing in English. Writing in English from Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh guest ed Klaus Stuckert (16) 2233pp Rs25.00/US$6.00.

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