A Centre for Advanced Study in the University of Cambridge Annual Review 2018 President’S Letter 2
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Beyond Darwin: Evolvability and the Generation of Novelty Marc Kirschner
Kirschner M BMC Biology 2013, 11:110 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/11/110 INTERVIEW Open Access Beyond Darwin: evolvability and the generation of novelty Marc Kirschner Marc Kirschner graduated in biochemistry from North- western University, moving to Berkeley for his doctoral research and with positions at Berkeley, Oxford Univer- sity and Princeton before he took a professorship at Uni- versity of California San Francisco where with Andrew Murray he did seminal research on the control of the cell cycle in Xenopus egg extracts that led to the discov- ery of how cyclin drives the cell cycle, and with Tim Mitchison on the dynamic instability of microtubules. In 1993 he moved to Harvard where in 2003 he became the founding Chair of the HMS Department of Systems Biology and was named the John Franklin Enders Uni- versity Professor in 2009. The two books he wrote with John Gerhart, Cells, Embryos and Evolution (Blackwell, 1997) and The Plausibility of Life: Resolving Darwin’sDi- lemma (Yale University Press, 2005), reflect his deep and longstanding interest in how biological systems evolve. Here he gives his view of the evolution of evolvability and its profound importance for understanding and ap- plying biology. What is evolvability - how would you define it? Marc Kirschner In some sort of tautological way evolvability is simply the capacity of a system to evolve. But more than that, in a Darwinian sense it speaks to both the amount of effectively what I mean is that if you make random variation that is subject to selection, and the nature of changes in mechanical systems they inevitably either that variation. -
Reviewclare Hall Cambridge
ReviewClare Hall Cambridge Annual Review 2012 Clare Hall Annual Review 2012 2 Contents President’s Letter 2 Bursar’s Notes 4 Farewell to Bobbie Wells, Senior Tutor 6 Welcome to Iain Black, new Senior Tutor 7 The President, Martin Harris From the Development Office 8 Andrew Houston List of Donors 10 New Research Fellows 12 Student News 14 Poem 15 May Ball 2012: Colours of India 16 President’s ASH talks 17 It seems incredible that it is time to report would all be failing in our trusteeship role if again to our Life Members, Alumni and we did not use the next three years to do all Sports News 18 Friends around the world. In one sense, little we can to take the college forward into its has changed. Graduate students of energy and next phase. To this end, and as a prelude to Music 20 talent mingle with distinguished Visiting what we hope will in due course be a major Art Eclecticism 22 Fellows from an ever more diverse range of fund-raising campaign, the Governing Body institutions, while the permanent Fellowship six months ago asked a group of Fellows Ashby Lecture 2012 24 continues to maintain its extraordinarily chaired by the Vice President to take a root impressive academic record, at the same time and branch look at the college’s strategy Profile: Lori Passmore 26 in many cases giving significant support to the and where it hopes to be five and ten years wide range of cultural and intellectual from now. Profile: Chris Hope 27 activities which Clare Hall regularly hosts. -
The Drosophila MCPH1-B Isoform Is a Substrate of the APC E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex
ß 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Biology Open (2014) 3, 669–676 doi:10.1242/bio.20148318 RESEARCH ARTICLE The Drosophila MCPH1-B isoform is a substrate of the APCCdh1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex Sarah G. Hainline`, Jamie L. Rickmyre`,*, Leif R. Neitzel, Laura A. Lee§ and Ethan Lee§ ABSTRACT and two primary co-activators, Cdc20 and Cdh1 (Kulkarni et al., 2013). Destruction of APC substrates is required in eukaryotes for The Anaphase-Promoting Complex (APC) is a multi-subunit E3 the initiation of anaphase and exit from mitosis. Cdc20 associates ubiquitin ligase that coordinates progression through the cell cycle by with the APC in early mitosis, leading to the destruction of temporally and spatially promoting the degradation of key proteins. proteins that control the onset of anaphase, whereas Cdh1 Many of these targeted proteins have been shown to play important promotes degradation of APC substrates that control late mitosis roles in regulating orderly progression through the cell cycle. Using and the following G1 phase. These co-activators provide APC a previously described Drosophila in vitro expression cloning substrate specificity by facilitating the recognition of specific approach, we screened for new substrates of the APC in Xenopus destruction motifs (e.g. degrons) such as the D-box (RxxLxxxxN) egg extract and identified Drosophila MCPH1 (dMCPH1), a protein or KEN box (Lys–Glu–Asn) (King et al., 1996; Min and Lindon, encoded by the homolog of a causative gene for autosomal recessive 2012; Pfleger and Kirschner, 2000). Mutations of these motifs primary microcephaly in humans. The dMCPH1-B splice form, but not block the recognition of the protein by the APC, preventing their the dMCPH1-C splice form, undergoes robust degradation in APC-mediated destruction. -
Deptbiochemistry00ruttrich.Pdf
'Berkeley University o'f California Regional Oral History Office UCSF Oral History Program The Bancroft Library Department of the History of Health Sciences University of California, Berkeley University of California, San Francisco The UCSF Oral History Program and The Program in the History of the Biological Sciences and Biotechnology William J. Rutter, Ph.D. THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND THE MOLECULAR APPROACH TO BIOMEDICINE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO VOLUME I With an Introduction by Lloyd H. Smith, Jr., M.D. Interviews by Sally Smith Hughes, Ph.D. in 1992 Copyright O 1998 by the Regents of the University of California Since 1954 the Regional Oral History Office has been interviewing leading participants in or well-placed witnesses to major events in the development of Northern California, the West, and the Nation. Oral history is a method of collecting historical information through tape-recorded interviews between a narrator with firsthand knowledge of historically significant events and a well- informed interviewer, with the goal of preserving substantive additions to the historical record. The tape recording is transcribed, lightly edited for continuity and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewee. The corrected manuscript is indexed, bound with photographs and illustrative materials, and placed in The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley, and in other research collections for scholarly use. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account, offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is reflective, partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. -
WEHORR 2018 Results Finish Start Name Status Award Penalties Time
WEHORR 2018 Results Masters Finish Start Name Status Award Penalties Time Adjusted 1 1 Leander Club A Elite 18:34.7 2 2 Cambridge University Womens Boat Club A Elite University 18:50.2 3 3 Imperial College Boat Club A Elite 19:01.7 4 5 Molesey Boat Club A Elite Club 19:03.2 5 4 University of London Boat Club A Elite 19:05.4 6 6 Oxford Brookes University Boat Club A Senior 19:13.0 7 8 Edinburgh University Boat Club A Senior University 19:14.0 8 7 Cambridge University Womens Boat Club B Senior University 19:18.3 9 52 Leander Club B Elite Club 19:22.1 10 10 Tideway Scullers School A Intermediate Club 19:23.2 11 15 Newcastle University Boat Club A Senior 19:30.7 12 18 Thames Rowing Club A Senior Club 19:41.4 13 11 Exeter University Boat Club A Senior University 19:43.8 14 17 Henley Rowing Club A School/Junior 19:44.4 15 21 University of London Boat Club B Intermediate 19:45.5 16 16 Oxford Brookes University Boat Club B Intermediate 19:47.7 17 26 Newcastle University Boat Club B Intermediate University 19:57.6 18 12 Durham University Boat Club A Senior University 19:58.2 19 28 Nottingham Rowing Club A Senior Provincial Club 19:59.2 20 14 Cantabrigian Rowing Club A Intermediate Provincial Club 20:00.7 21 19 Molesey Boat Club B Intermediate Club 20:02.6 22 13 Headington School Oxford Boat Club A Intermediate 20:02.8 23 29 Tideway Scullers School B Intermediate Club 20:05.3 24 38 Thames Rowing Club B Intermediate Club 20:10.3 25 25 Marlow Rowing Club A School/Junior 20:10.7 26 30 Bristol University Boat Club A Intermediate University 20:19.3 -
British Rowing Virtual Championships Event Entries
British Rowing Virtual Championships Event Entries To Search entries - use 'Ctrl+F' or ' Command+F' to open the search box. E0 Open Men 2000m 23 Entries Name Club Name Club Name Club Callum Beasley Daniel Beckham College of the Holy Cross (HC Cruisers) Andy Berry William Chambers Deben Rowing Club James Curtis Home gym Gregory Edwards Venice Golds Michael Fazakerley Oscar Gee Twickenham Rowing Club Patrick Home Royal Chester RC/University of Warwick BC Nick Horsthuis Andrew Kennedy Lea Rowing Club Sean Kenny Patrick Moreau Commercial Rowing Club, Dublin Robert Murphy Struan Potter Gym 66 Graham Purdy Graham Roberts Joe Robinson Daniel Sadler St. Neots Rowing Club Tom Skinner SUB 7 IRC / Army Trevor Tiller Stratford upon Avon Boat Club Sean Walsh We Are Invictus Jack Wilkin 22/06/2020 12:25:38 1 British Rowing Virtual Championships Event Entries To Search entries - use 'Ctrl+F' or ' Command+F' to open the search box. E1 Open Women 2000m 11 Entries Name Club Name Club Name Club Coralie Arthur Aberdeen University Boat Club Jennie Astley Cantabrigian Rowing Club Rhiannon Heard Oxford University Women's Boat Club Grace Macdonald Canford School Boat Club Olivia Martin Cotehele Quay Gig Club Chrissi Nettleton Graft Haus Leeds Imola Pialla ARV De Grift (NL) / Daventria (NL) / Aviron Ellie Sadler Kerry Sharples Esprit Rowing Team/ Strength Factory Grenoblois (FR) Emma Williams Swansea Lois Smith 22/06/2020 12:25:38 2 British Rowing Virtual Championships Event Entries To Search entries - use 'Ctrl+F' or ' Command+F' to open the search box. E2 Open Lwt Men 2000m 4 Entries Name Club Name Club Name Club Adeel Ali Birmingham Rowing Club Matthew Bowles Leicester Rowing Club Josh Coyne Robin Rathmell 22/06/2020 12:25:38 3 British Rowing Virtual Championships Event Entries To Search entries - use 'Ctrl+F' or ' Command+F' to open the search box. -
Characterisation, Classification and Conformational Variability Of
Characterisation, Classification and Conformational Variability of Organic Enzyme Cofactors Julia D. Fischer European Bioinformatics Institute Clare Hall College University of Cambridge A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 11 April 2011 This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except where specifically indicated in the text. This dissertation does not exceed the word limit of 60,000 words. Acknowledgements I would like to thank all the members of the Thornton research group for their constant interest in my work, their continuous willingness to answer my academic questions, and for their company during my time at the EBI. This includes Saumya Kumar, Sergio Martinez Cuesta, Matthias Ziehm, Dr. Daniela Wieser, Dr. Xun Li, Dr. Irene Pa- patheodorou, Dr. Pedro Ballester, Dr. Abdullah Kahraman, Dr. Rafael Najmanovich, Dr. Tjaart de Beer, Dr. Syed Asad Rahman, Dr. Nicholas Furnham, Dr. Roman Laskowski and Dr. Gemma Holli- day. Special thanks to Asad for allowing me to use early development versions of his SMSD software and for help and advice with the KEGG API installation, to Roman for knowing where to find all kinds of data, to Dani for help with R scripts, to Nick for letting me use his E.C. tree program, to Tjaart for python advice and especially to Gemma for her constant advice and feedback on my work in all aspects, in particular the chemistry side. Most importantly, I would like to thank Prof. Janet Thornton for giving me the chance to work on this project, for all the time she spent in meetings with me and reading my work, for sharing her seemingly limitless knowledge and enthusiasm about the fascinating world of enzymes, and for being such an experienced and motivational advisor. -
Interpretation: Hemichordates May Have No “Notochord”
iBioSeminars: Marc Kirschner, March 2008 The Origin of Vertebrates, Part 3 Part 3. How did the Chordate get its chord (notochord)? Marc Kirschner Dept. of Systems Biology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts The Spemann experiment and the vertebrate specific development What about the notochord? Interpretation: Hemichordates • The crux of Bateson’s argument that hemichordates were essentially chordates. may have no “notochord”. • Virtually every marker of the vertebrate notochord is present in the hemichordate (chordin, noggin, admp, brachyury, hedgehog….) • Small problem, they are not in the hemichordate stromachord. The American Society for Cell Biology 1 iBioSeminars: Marc Kirschner, March 2008 The Origin of Vertebrates, Part 3 But does it have a Spemann Organizer? Though the organizer gives rise to the notochord in vertebrates, it is in fact also a complex signaling center. The hemichordate expresses genes of the chordate prechordal endo-mesoderm (otx, dmbx, ttf2, hex, gsc…), and at the appropriate A/P map position. ttf2/foxE2 dmbx Interpretation: as a signaling center, the hemichordate has an organizer otx The vertebrate organizer is a tripartite structure of signaling centers The American Society for Cell Biology 2 iBioSeminars: Marc Kirschner, March 2008 The Origin of Vertebrates, Part 3 But these organizer signaling centers are initially dispersed in hemichordates The vertebrate organizer is a composit of three distinct signaling centers in hemichordates • The vertebrate organizer is complex, since it conflates dorsal/ventral -
Cambridge Students Storm London
Essay p17 Arts p20 Magazine p14 Chinua Achebe on “Bring back the porn and V Good versus V Bad. his British-infl uenced pickled sharks.” A lament This week, Her Maj’s education on the Turner Prize presence on Facebook gets a thumbs up FRIDAY 12TH NOVEMBER 2010 THE INDEPENDENT STUDENT NEWSPAPER SINCE 1947 ISSUE NO 729 | VARSITY.CO.UK JU SHARDLOW/BILL PAUL ROUSSEAU Burglar caught Cambridge students by student storm London KIRSTY GRAY A 30-year-old male was arrested last on at the gathering crowds outside weekend in St John’s when a stu- NATASHA PESARAN the building, were quickly evacuated dent caught him trying to steal from Students from the University of once students began smashing win- unlocked rooms. Cambridge clashed with police at dows with sticks and rocks. The intruder had to be forcibly Conservative Party headquar- A line of approximately 20 police- restrained with the assistance of a ters in London, after a national men formed to defend the building, porter and another passing under- demonstration against university but were unable to prevent the graduate until police arrived. funding cuts and fees turned violent hundreds of students from surging The incident took place at 7.30am on Wednesday. forward into the foyer. on 30th October after the student Nearly 400 Cambridge students Protestors occupied the building recognised his trainers in the hands took part in the march through for around an hour, during which of an unfamiliar man passing him on central London, which saw tens of time crowds of students gathered the stairwell. -
The Invention of Courts the Unstable Biomedical Research Ecosystem
american academy of arts & sciences spring 2015 www.amacad.org vol. lxviii, no. 3 american academy of arts & sciences bulletin spring 2015 Bulletin Academy Report Explores the State of the Humanities in Higher Education The Invention of Courts Jamal Greene, Carol S. Steiker, Susan S. Silbey, Linda Greenhouse, Jonathan Lippman, and Judith Resnik The Unstable Biomedical Research Ecosystem: How Can It Be Made More Robust? Mark C. Fishman, Nancy C. Andrews, Sally Kornbluth, Susan R. Wente, Richard H. Brodhead, Harold Varmus, and Tania Baker ALSO: Replenishing the Innovation Pipeline: The Role of University Research Mr g–The Story of Creation as Told by God Policy Perspective on the Police Use of Lethal Force On the Professions In Memoriam: David Frohnmayer Upcoming Events JUNE NOVEMBER 15th 17th Washington, DC Cambridge, MA The Ritz-Carlton Georgetown House of the Academy Reception for Washington, DC, Chamber Series Area Fellows and Guests in collaboration with the Welcome Newly Elected Fellows Cantata Singers Made in America: Songs by Barber, OCTOBER Copland, and Fine 9th–11th Cambridge, MA Induction Weekend 9th A Celebration of the Arts and Humanities 10th Induction Ceremony 11th Academic Symposium For updates and additions to the calendar, visit www.amacad.org. Special Thanks e recently completed another successful fund-raising year with more than W$6.7 million raised. The Annual Fund surpassed $1.7 million, a record-break- ing total. Gifts from all other sources–including grants for projects–totaled more than $5 million. We are grateful for the generosity of an increasing number of contributors–including members, staff, and friends; foundations, corporations, and associations; and Univer- sity Affiliates–who made these results possible. -
Ibioseminars: Marc Kirschner, March 2008 the Origin of Vertebrates, Part 2 the American Society for Cell Biology 1
iBioSeminars: Marc Kirschner, March 2008 The Origin of Vertebrates, Part 2 Part 2. Telling the back from the front or what the chordates invented Marc Kirschner Dept. of Systems Biology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts The position of the CNS has been used to define the body plan of organisms But what does that say for an organism that has a clear D/V axis but no centralized nervous system? The American Society for Cell Biology 1 iBioSeminars: Marc Kirschner, March 2008 The Origin of Vertebrates, Part 2 Using the standard convention call the mouth, ventral Dorsal Mouth Ventral BMP, a form of TGF-β, is involved in D/V patterning BMP and anti-BMP (chordin, sog) are conserved in neural specification in flies and frogs What role do they have in hemichordates which have no CNS? The American Society for Cell Biology 2 iBioSeminars: Marc Kirschner, March 2008 The Origin of Vertebrates, Part 2 The genes that are patterned by BMP in the vertebrate neural tube are not conserved in Saccoglossus Shh responsive bmp responsive Yet, every detail of the BMP gradient seems fundamental to D/V patterning What is the BMP pathway being used for? The American Society for Cell Biology 3 iBioSeminars: Marc Kirschner, March 2008 The Origin of Vertebrates, Part 2 siRNA is a powerful tool in for answering such questions So radialized the dorsal structure that holds the proboscis to the collar doesn’t form Knockdown of BMP causes ventral radialized embryos and the proboscis falls off. Increased BMP dorsalizes The American Society for Cell Biology 4 iBioSeminars: -
“Cell Type and Cell State in Development and Disease” Dr. Marc Kirschner
“Cell type and cell state in development and disease” Dr. Marc Kirschner March 9th, 2017 PGCRL Auditorium 4:00 – 5:00 p.m. Host: Dr. Ran Kafri Reception to follow in the Gallery (cash bar) Marc Kirschner is a cell biologist and systems biologist. He has made major contributions to four areas of fundamental biology: embryology, cell organization and cell cycle regulation and proteostasis. In each of these areas his work opened a new field, and shaped all subsequent research. In embryology, Kirschner was the first to identify a molecular component and pathway of the neuralization/dorsalization process induced by the Spemann organizer. In cell organization, Kirschner was a pioneer of cytoskeleton research. His group discovered many cytoskeleton proteins, most notably Tau. In the cell cycle, Kirschner is largely responsible for the now-accepted concept that the cell cycle is best viewed as being driven by an autonomous oscillator, which set the stage for biochemical identification of the Cdk1.Cyclin B kinase. His group also purified the Anaphase Promoting Complex, which is responsible for controlled degradation of cyclin through the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway. Kirschner has had a long-standing interest in quantitative and theoretical methods, and has recently made major contributions in the use of mathematical tools to analyze signaling pathways, cell size control, and the selectivity of drugs. Kirschner graduated from Northwestern University in 1966 and received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1971. In 1993 Dr. Kirschner moved to Harvard Medical School to become the founding Chair of the Department of Cell Biology. In 2009 he was named the John Franklin Enders University Professor.