“Cell Type and Cell State in Development and Disease” Dr. Marc Kirschner

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“Cell type and cell state in development and disease” Dr. Marc Kirschner March 9th, 2017 PGCRL Auditorium 4:00 – 5:00 p.m. Host: Dr. Ran Kafri Reception to follow in the Gallery (cash bar) Marc Kirschner is a cell biologist and systems biologist. He has made major contributions to four areas of fundamental biology: embryology, cell organization and cell cycle regulation and proteostasis. In each of these areas his work opened a new field, and shaped all subsequent research. In embryology, Kirschner was the first to identify a molecular component and pathway of the neuralization/dorsalization process induced by the Spemann organizer. In cell organization, Kirschner was a pioneer of cytoskeleton research. His group discovered many cytoskeleton proteins, most notably Tau. In the cell cycle, Kirschner is largely responsible for the now-accepted concept that the cell cycle is best viewed as being driven by an autonomous oscillator, which set the stage for biochemical identification of the Cdk1.Cyclin B kinase. His group also purified the Anaphase Promoting Complex, which is responsible for controlled degradation of cyclin through the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway. Kirschner has had a long-standing interest in quantitative and theoretical methods, and has recently made major contributions in the use of mathematical tools to analyze signaling pathways, cell size control, and the selectivity of drugs. Kirschner graduated from Northwestern University in 1966 and received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1971. In 1993 Dr. Kirschner moved to Harvard Medical School to become the founding Chair of the Department of Cell Biology. In 2009 he was named the John Franklin Enders University Professor. Dr. Kirschner is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Foreign Member of the Royal Society of London and the Academia Europaea. He has received numerous honors and awards. This lecture will be streamed throughout the Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning interactive screens.

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Beyond Darwin: Evolvability and the Generation of Novelty Marc Kirschner
Kirschner M BMC Biology 2013, 11:110 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/11/110 INTERVIEW Open Access Beyond Darwin: evolvability and the generation of novelty Marc Kirschner Marc Kirschner graduated in biochemistry from North- western University, moving to Berkeley for his doctoral research and with positions at Berkeley, Oxford Univer- sity and Princeton before he took a professorship at Uni- versity of California San Francisco where with Andrew Murray he did seminal research on the control of the cell cycle in Xenopus egg extracts that led to the discov- ery of how cyclin drives the cell cycle, and with Tim Mitchison on the dynamic instability of microtubules. In 1993 he moved to Harvard where in 2003 he became the founding Chair of the HMS Department of Systems Biology and was named the John Franklin Enders Uni- versity Professor in 2009. The two books he wrote with John Gerhart, Cells, Embryos and Evolution (Blackwell, 1997) and The Plausibility of Life: Resolving Darwin’sDi- lemma (Yale University Press, 2005), reflect his deep and longstanding interest in how biological systems evolve. Here he gives his view of the evolution of evolvability and its profound importance for understanding and ap- plying biology. What is evolvability - how would you define it? Marc Kirschner In some sort of tautological way evolvability is simply the capacity of a system to evolve. But more than that, in a Darwinian sense it speaks to both the amount of effectively what I mean is that if you make random variation that is subject to selection, and the nature of changes in mechanical systems they inevitably either that variation.
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