966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 4 Douglas C. Montgomery to be postmaster at -East Arlington, Sam J. Smith, Erlanger. Vt., in place of D. C. Montgomery. Incumbent's commission ex· Thomas E. Sparrow, Hillsboro. pired January 3, 1928. . OREGON Stanley E. Brownell to be postmaster at Burlington, Vt., in Fred D. Wagner, Ashland. place of S. E. Brownell. Incumbent's commission expired Janu. Henry A. Barrett, Athena. ary 3, 1928. .Arthur C. Wahl, Banks. Joshua H. Blakley to be postmaster at Bellows Falls, Vt., ln Willis L. Cady, Beaverton. place of J. H. Blakley. Incumbent's commission expi.J:~ed Janu· William H. Hays, Brownsville. ary 3, 1928. · . Arley A. Sollinger, Canyon City. Frank E. Robinson to be postmaster at Barre, Vt., m place of William G. Hoover, Fossil. F. E. Robinson. Incumbent's commission expired January 3, Andrew R. Siegmund, Gerbais. 1928. Frank W. Castor, Haines. VIRGINIA Nellie Elliott, John Day. Paul B. Jenks to be postmaster at Wilder, Va., in place of Emma L. Hufstater, Knappa. T. E. Jenkins, resigned. William R. Cook, Madras. WEST VIRGINIA Duncan E. Douglas, Marshfield. Hugh W. Cox to be postmaster at Morgantown, W. Va., in Otis A. Wolverton, Monmouth. place of Earl Pepper. Incumbent's commission expired Decem­ Gaphart D. Ebner, Mount Angel. ber 18, 1927. Oliver P. Shoemaker, Newport. WISCONSIN Evelyn D. Davenport, Oak Grove. Pauline W. Platt, Ontario. Eva Jensen to be postmaster at Cambridge, Wis., in place of Grace W. Gamwell, Powers. C. B. Jensen, deceased. PORTO RICO CONFIRMATIONS Agustin Carbonell, Caguas. Ea:ecmtive nomi:natians C()frtfirmed by the Senate January 4, 1928 TENNESSEI!I MEMBER UNTI'ED STATES SHIPPING BoARD John P. Gallaher, Ashland City. Clara M. Cain, Bradford. Albert H. Denton to be a member of the United States Ship. Luelle Brown, Cornersville. ping Board. Charley M. Mount, Franklin. l\IEMBER FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION Stephen H. Bedwell, Friendship. Garland S. Ferguson, jr., to be a Federal Trade Commissioner, Herod H. Jenkins, Hartsville. vice John F. Nugent. John J. Graham, Knoxville. MEMBER BOARD OF MEDIATION Erne t C. Lowery, Leoma. G. Wallace W. Hanger to be a member of the Board of Eva Shelton, Linden. Mediation. A. Henderson Johnson, Newbern. UNITED STATES JUDGE William S. Weatherly, Puryear. Cyrus L. Fairless, Trenton. Ira Lloyd Letts to be United States district judge, district of Rhode Island. WYOMING UNITED STATES DISTRICT ATTORNEY Fred W. Smith, Glenrock. Alvah J. Macy, Moorcroft James Damron to be United States attorney, southern district Harry R. Ellison, Parkerton. of West Virginia. Conrad Johnson, Pine Bluffs. POSTMASTERS L. Roy Ness, PowelL FLORIDA Robert E. Chittick, jr., ShoshOl!i. Robert Bulthuis, Baldwin. Sarah J. Burns, Benson Springs. Benjamin Burnett, Brewster. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Luther L. Callaway, Chiefland. WEDNESDAY, January 4, 19~8 Albert H. Maxwell, Eastport. Robert A. Boucher, Eau Gallie. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Edward J. Raub, Gull Point. The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Montgomery, D. D., offered Carrie Bowers, Lake Placid. the following prayer : Jessie N. James, Lantana. "The Day-Spring" from on high hath visited us, and we Charles I. Matthews, Longwood. thank Thee our Heavenly Father; His star hath shown on the Lera H. Taylor, Mayo. brow of night and opened the gates of the morning, and again Max V. Robinson, Melbourne. we praise Thee. 0 God, the ceaseless surge of time and tide Coy K. Duff, Mims. rolls on; helpless we are to stay the travel of the years. We James A. Pitt, ·Minneola. implore Thee to help us to be diligent and not fretful, lest we Pauline Wylie, Orange Park. fail ere the set of sun. Oh, may we not be chilled by the out­ Burdett Loomis, jr., Pierce. look. Give us a sane and a reasonable faith-a faith with its Willie Felts, Pinellas Park. radiant facts, with its convincing principles, and with its simple Josiah P. Wilbar, Salerno. commandments. Yes, give us a sympathy that includes all Vitano W. Baggott, Sherman. humanity. Again, dear Lord God, give us a religion with the James S. Huselton, Venice. arch of blue above its head and all Thy earthly children round Stephen R. Mallory, Wellborn. its altars. 0 giYe us a large measure of health, wisdom, and LOUISIANA charity for the new year. Amen. Henry A. Forshag, Crowley. The Journal of the proceedings of Wel}nesday, December 21, NORTH CAROLINA 1927, was read and approved. Salathiel F. Gordon, Badin. SWEARING IN OF MEMBERS Albert T. Davidson, Biltmore. Mr. BECK, of the seventh district of the State of Wisconsin, Charles El. Boone, Blue Ridge~ and Mr. KURTZ, of the twenty-first district of the State of Ruth F. White, Colerain. Pennsylvania, presented themselves at the bar of the House and Roscoe Hill, Eure. took the oath of office. Claudia L. York, Harmony. Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Speaker, I offer a resolution of the highest Christopher C. Whitaker, Landis. privilege. Lester H. Haymes, Milton. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania offers a Chester C. Lord, Montreat. resolution, which the Clerk will report. Mary E. Liles, Naples. The Clerk read as follows : David M. Cloninger, Newton. Mae A. Elliott, Union Mills. House Resolution 72 William T. Fletcher, Boonville. Whereas GEORGE S. GRAHAM, a Representative from the State ot William C. Thorne, Elm City. Pennsylvania from the second district thereof, has been u.Iiable frotn 1928 CONGRESSION.A.L RECORD-HOUSE 967 sickness to app-;nr in person to be sworn as a Member of the House, beauUful and historic militnry park is another tribute to the and there being i'lo eonte t or question as to his election : Therefore be it ability and influence of General Catchings. 'ResoltJed, That the Speaker, or a deputy named by him, lx>, and be Mr. Speaker, my State has lost one of her most di'3tin­ is hereby, authorized to administer the oath of office to said GEORGE ~. guished sons, and a great and useful man has passed away. GBAHAM at Mount Sinai Hospital in . New York, N. Y., and that the [Applause.] !'laid oath when administered as herein authorized shall be accepted THE " S-4 " DISASTER and received by the House as tbe oath of office of the said GEORGE S. Mr. LAGUARDIA. Mr. Speaker, as there is nothing urgent GRAHAM. before the House at this time, I ask unanimous consent for Mr. SNELL. Mr. Speaker, as I understand, there are se-veral permission to address the Honse for 15 minutes. · precedents for administering the oath to a Member in this way. · The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the The SPEAKER. There are a number of precedents. gentleman from New York? Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, the resolution as There was no objection. read provides, I believe, that the oath may be administered by l\lr. LAGUARDIA. l\Ir. Speaker and gentlemen of the House: the Speaker or by some one designated by him. I presume that On my return to New York for the Christmas holidays I found contemplates a Member of the House, though I do not know and the dominant thought in the mind of everyone with whom I I do not think it is very material. My recollection is that in met was the S-4 disaster. one case where a Member took the oath out or the city of Wash­ I also found a great deal of apprehension that everything ington be was permitted to take it before any officer entitled to that was humanly possible at the time to save lives was not administer oaths in the State. However, I do not think it is really accomplished. I also found that people generally had -very material. the impression that it was possible to hook a submarine or to Mr. BUTLER. 1\Ir. Speaker, I will call my friend's attention have salvage apparatus and equipment right on ·hand, able to to the fact that in the Aiken case the oath was administered in lift a sunken boat out of the water. tbe State of North Carolina by some officer having authority I did not know much about the subject, and I am sure to administer oaths. you will all understand I do not know very much about it The SPEAKER. The Chair wouldt if possible, designate some now ; I surely am not attempting to qualify as an expert ::Membe1· of the House, but failing in that, be thinks he would after a short trip of 36 hours on a submarine. The thought have to designate some person who has the right to administer came to me that if it were possible to go on the SP<>t and also oaths. to see the construction and operation of a submarine, at least, Mr. CHINDBLOM. Mr. Speaker, does the resolution state it would be possible to understand the language of the experts that a Member of the House may be designated? on tbe job. I obtained permission from the department and The SPEAKER. No. The resolution gives the' Speaker a boarded the S-8, a sister ship of the S-4, at New London last free hand in designating the person who may administer the Monday and went to Provincetown to talk with the men on oath, but the Speaker would feel bound by the precedents. The the job and observe the operations there. I simply desire to question is on agreeing to the resolution. relate to the House what I saw. The resolution was agreed to. Gentlemen, in the first place, you must bear in mind that 800 THE DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE, LAROR, AND THE the S-4 weighs a little ove:t; tons and now lies embedded in the mud in 100 feet of water. This must be kept in mind in JUDICIARY APPROPRIATION BILL considering the task of both rescuing the men within the hull Mr. SHREVE', from the Committee on Appropriations, by and salvaging the ship. direction of that committee, presented a privileged report on On Deeember 17 last, about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, the the bill (H. R. 8269) making appropriations for the Depart­ 8-4 was standardizing; that is, the S-4 had just left drydock, ments of State and Justice and for the judiciary, and for the she was clean, and they were making submerged speed tests Departments of Commerce and Labor, for the fiscal year ending by ti·aveling over a marked and measured course at the point June 30, 1929, and for other purposes, which was read and, of Cape Cod, near the harbor of Provincetown, Mass. with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee of There is a mile marked out at the end of the hook of Cape the Whole House on the state of the Union. Cod. There are two posts there, and when the ship comes Mr. BYRNS. Mr. Speaker, I reserve all points of order on abeam of the posts it is timed and continues the run until it ar­ the bill. rives at the end of the course which is similarly marked. There 1\Ir. SHREVE. Mr. Speaker, I desire to inform the House are fom large markers, and the location is known as a sub­ that the bill will be taken up to-morrow immediately after the marine course for that purpose. She was making her tests of convening of the House. speed submerged, going full speed at the time. Her two peri­ MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES scopes, naturally out of the water and visible. The S-8 had Sundry messages in writing from the President of the United just finished its tests, and the supervisory officials from the States were presented to the House of Representatives by Mr. department had left the S-8 and had boarded the S-4 to check Latta, one of his secretaries. up on these tests. The Coast Guard cutter Paulding was outside of the hook GEN. THOMAS c. CATCHINGS when the officers noticed a four-mast schooner within th~ harbor Mr. COLLIER. Mr. Speaker, it is with much sorrow that I of Provincetown or on the inside of the hook. The Paitlding announce to the House tbe death of Gen. Thomas 0. Catchings, was on rum-chasing duty. The vessel apparently looked sus­ of Vicksburg, Miss., who served with great distinction in this picious tO' the Paulding and she turned around and came into the body for 16 years. book. As she came in the S-4, submerged, was traveling along General Catchings was one of Mississippi's most di tin- the marked course and the Paulding was going, I am informed, guished men. He was a brave Confederate soldier; be was a at 18 knots an hour; the ships collided and the S-4 sank. great lawyer, a great attorney general, a great statesman, The Pauldinu immediately dropped a buoy on the spot to and, above all, a Christian gentleman of the highest character mark the position of the S-4 and steamed into the harbor. The and integrity. He was chairman of the Committee on Rivers cutter Pauldilng immediately reported the accident by wireless. and Harbors, and, together with Speaker Crisp and Mr. Outh- The message was received at New London, the submarine base, waite, represented tbe majoritY membership of the all-powerful and Admiral F. H. Brumby immediately boarded the salvage Committee on Rules. ship U. S. S. Falcan--I will tell yon more about the ship in a While he attained high eminence in his profession and minute-and proceeded to the scene of the accident. The U.S. S. gained a national reputation for his ability and distinguished Buah,neZl, the :flagship of Admiral Brumby and the tender ship service in this House, yet the greatness of his fame rests upon of the group of submarines to which the S-4 belonged, was at his tireless efforts and splendid accomplishments in all matters Portsm.ontht and she immediately steamed to the !)Oint of dis­ connected with river and harbor work. It was due to his aster. The S-8, which had just left the position, intercepted the ability and his in:tluence, together with the confidence his col- message and immediately returned to Provincetown under the leagues reposed in him, that the Yazoo River was diverted command of Lieut. Frank Worden. It was the S-8 that used thl·ongh a canal to Vicksburg, a stupendous work requiring its oscillators and immediately started sending out messages, years to accomplisb, the benefit of which has many times justi- but it was several hours before she received any reply from the fied the cost of the undertaking. living members of the S.-4 crew. The S-8 arrived on the spot, At Vicksburg those rugged hills, once red with the b-lood of I believe, late that night and the Falcon- arrived with Admiral fratricidal strife, are now marked by a beautiful military park, Brumby in the early hours of the ne:xtcmorning and immediately whose lofty and enduring monuments commemorate- alike the ' started rescue operations. The Bushnell arrived later tha_t glary, tbe heroism, and the virtues of those who over half a morning. century ago wore those colors which suggested 11 the gray of Tb& submarine is a little over 200 feet long. It was hit ·the early morning and the blue-' of the noonday sky.» That amidsbip on the starboard side, I believe-that is, on the right 968 , CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 4 side-nbout the center of the ship. The submarine is divided water is cleared from the flooded compartment and the ballast into several compartments, all airtight compartments, and the tanks are still full, it is my understanding that there "is then six men who were alive were in the forepart of the ship, the still insufficient buoyancy to float the ship. So they connected torpedo room. It would seem that these men alone had the with the ballast tanks and started the pump. The ballast tanks opportunity to close the bulkhead door of their compartment. were, of course, full, as the ship was submerged when the acci­ Apparently the men in the control room were killed or drowned dent occurred. There is no doubt about that. instantly. They pumped for one hour, I am told, when they noticed The very first compartment on the forward part of the ship bubbles coming up through the water. They apparently emptied is the torpedo room. Then comes the room that corresponds to one tank and then arrived at the point where· either the hull the forecastle of a ship-the bunk room and mess room, all in was fractured or else the ship was so tilted that the compres ed one, of the crew. air took the path of least re ·istance, continuing out of the Under this space and also further aft are the storage bat­ Kingston valves instead of distributing itself to the other tanks teries. Then there is a small space there for the officers' and forcing the water out of them. So nothing was being quarters, very small space indeed. The officers' wardroom on accomplished after one hour of pumping. They knew tbat they the ship is really not much larger than this table. The table had emptied one tank and that was all they could do-on the is a little narrower than this table with a bench on both ballast tanks-leaving two filled with water. sides and [indicating] just big enough for four to dine at a They immediately shifted to the compartment air line and time. Right back of that to one side is the gyroscope compass started to pump. It was at this point that the weather became and on the left of that is the hatchway to the conning tower. very bacl. The Falcon was bobbing all over the place and Back of that is the control room where the men operate the Diver Michels' line became fouled. It was later learned' that engines and where they operate the controls when the vessel water was getting into the torpedo room through this line, submerges. Back of that are the engine rooms and then the demonstrating that the tube had been punctured or broken. motors. So, it seems nothing could be done during the life of the men to The vessel is propelled by Diesel engines when it is on the lighten the ship sufficiently to float her. surface. When it is submerged it operates by electric energy Under ideal conditions if it were possible to empty the ballast from storage batteries. tanks by pumping compressed air into them and forcing the There are 120 storage batteries on a submarine and each water out of the ship and then clearing in like manner at least battery or each cell weighs a ton. So right there you have part of the compartments of water, it would be possible to float 120 tons of dead weight. When the ship is on the surface the ship, even with one or two of the compartments filled. these batteries emanate hydrogen gas, and by a system of Unfortunately, these conditions did not exist in the S-4. ventilation the hydrogen gas is forced out. When the ship is These operations took two days, and when it was seen that submerged there is not so much gas emanating because the it was impossible to lift the ship an air line was attached to the batteries are being discharged, but there is no way of forcing CS valve and tube, the listening tube that connects the tor­ this gas out, so that the system of ventilation is changed, and pedo department. This is a T-shaped contrivance with rubber it all circulates within the ship, the gas intermingling with bulbs on each side very sensitive, and when the vessel is sub­ the pure air. If the air in the ship at any time contains 6 per merged they listen in by using a stethoscope and can hear the cent of hydrogen gas it causes an explosion, but it is kept revolutions of a propeller of a ship or the pumping of the ship down to about 2 per cent during the time the ship is submerged. and know that a vessel is in close proximity. As soon as salt water comes in contact with these batteries it Everyone that has spoken to me about this matter has asked creates chlorine gas and this, of course, is fatal to human life. me the same question: " Why did they not pump alr into that Therefore, without a doubt, a very few minutes after the compartment and keep these men alive?" Well, you may say, accident happened chlorine gas was formed and that must have why did they not? The reason, as I understand it, is that these gotten most of the men who were not in the torpedo compart­ men were in an air-tight compartment full of air of normal ment at the time. Death must have been caused by drowning pressure. If more air were pumped it would soon make a high­ of some of them and the rest almost instantaneously from pressure chamber out of that compartment, and human life will chlorine gas. It must have been just a matter of minutes. not last long under such conditions. It would have been neces­ · Now, the S-4 is down in slightly over 100 feet of water in sary to pump air at the rate of 45 pounds to the inch before they the mud. She is now full of water with the exception of the could open any valve and release the foul and excess air. If torpedo compartment, so that when you take the weight of 800 there were less air pressure and a valve opened it would imme­ tons you must add the weight of the water in her at the present diately fill the compartment with water. So, gentlemen, you time. There is not a crane or a derrick existing that will lift see it is much easier to sit around the table and say, " Why did that much, even if it were on land, discounting the fact that to they not pump air into that compartment and thus keep these actually lift her it must operate on water and very choppy and men alive? " than it is to be on the job operating 100 feet below rough water at that point. the surface of the water trying to get air into an air-tight com­ As soon as the Falcon arrived in the early morning of partment. December 18, 1927, it moored over the U. S. S. S-4 and located The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from New York the snbmarine, or what was then believed to be the submarine, has expired. with a grapnel. A diver was sent down to verify the catch and Mr. LAGUARDIA. Mr. Speaker, can I have 10 minutes more? reported that it was the S--4. He also verified the existence of The SPEAKER. The gentleman asks unanimous consent life in the torpedo room. Besides the grapnel line, a descending that his time be 'extended 10 minutes. Is there objection? line was secured to the S-4. I do not believe that at any time There was no objection. was the S-4 lost to the Falcon or to the officers in charge of Mr. LAGUARDIA. So what they did then was to pump 5 the operations. It is true that later, owing to the very heavy pounds of air and then release 5 pounds, and they kept that up sea, both of the lines, the grapnel line and the descending line, for 36 hours. In the meantime, it was ascertained that the snapped and it was necessary then to again catch the S-4 with men were no longer alive. During all of this time the work a grapnel to replace these lines that were broken on account of on the surface of the water continued. Permanent moorings the very heavy sea at the time. It was during these operations, were placed, preparations for diving and rescuing continued, during the time that the men were working to fix the second and continue feverishly to this very moment. grapnel on the S-4 in order to replace the broken descending Something was said about taking the U. S. S. B11.shneU away line, that some of the tugs and boats approached the scene and and taking one of the divers, who had been injured, to Boston. were ordered back by the officer in charge. It is hardly fair to Some criticism was directed against Admiral Brumby because say that the S-4 had been lost. What apparently gave cause of that. What happened was this: As soon as there was a sign to the ,_tatement that the S-4 had been lost was the necessary of life within the hull, they tried to operate under every con­ maneuvers to again attach a line to the vessel. A grapnel is dition, and against their better judgment they sent down divers, dropped to the bottom and the towing boat must necessarily go although the water was deep and the Falccm was bobbing and to and fro until the grapnel catches securely onto some part of tossing furiously. Of course, as you know, the diver is con­ the hull. After this was again done a diver descended on this nected with the ship both by a rope and by air tube. If the line and secured another line more firmly and permanently than ship is bobbing and tossing, one can readily see that the diver a grapnel hook could hold and this descending line is used by is either yanked about, pulled up, or a severe strain is placed the divers in going right down to the boat. on the lines. Communication wi.th the divers becomes ex­ There are two tubes or salvage air lines to which the air pipe tremely difficult. Besides, the tube is liable to break ; and if can be attached; one is to the ballast tanks and the other is to it breaks, the diver gets no air and is either drowned or the compartments of the submarine. If a submarine is to be asphyxiated immediately. Notwithstanding those conditions, lifted quickly without the aid of pontoons it is necessary to they kept sending divers down. Owing to the heavy sea it was first tree the ship from water in the ballast tanks. If the necessary to give the tube and line considerable slack, and by 1928 CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 969 giving the tube and line slack they were fouled on part of the 4. By the time Carr had come up it· was thoroughly dark and the· deck of the S-4. rising wind and sea appeared to make further diving impossible, but This happened to Dinr MicheLq. When they did not receive Michels was called upon to try to attach an air hose to the 8-f/& com­ any more signals from 1\Iicbels, they sent Diver Eadie down. partment salvage air line, on the extremely remote possibility that the He went down and found Michels's line fouled with the wreck. " gag •• V'alves, normally kept open, in this line were closed in the motar He sent for a hack saw and he sawed for 45 minutes before he room, engine room, control room, and battery room, and the line tmdam­ could relea ne Michels. The minute Michels was released, his aged in the breached battery room, thus permitting air to be fed into the suit being full of air, he bobbed up to the surface. As a rule torpedo room, where six men were known to be alive. when working under water 100 feet they lift the direr up for 5. Michels was thoroughly aware of all the circumstances, including 30 or 40 feet, and leave him there for 10 minutes, and then the extremely remote chance that the accomplishment of his task would another period of 5 or 10 minutes after 40 more feet. In that be of any use, and bad full appreciation of the grave risks he was way tl1e pressure is gradually deeompressed. When Michels incurring, but hi.s response to the call was prompt and willing. The des­ came to the surface, after they had unscrewed his helmet, they perateness of his di\e is confirmed by the fact that though he is an put him in a decompressing chamber and gradually decom­ excellent diver, of large experience in deep diving, the yaw and lift of pressed the pressure, and on the advice of the doctor he was the Falcon were so great that he could not keep his life line and hose sent to the hospital at Boston. The weather was so severe at (frapped together throughout their length) clear while trying to secure ibis point, the wind blowing almost a gale and heary seas, the blowing air hose to S-1/s conning tower connection, and became so that it was simply impossible to send any more di\ers down at badly fouled that an<>ther diver, Eadie, had to be sent down to clear that time. It was then that the Bushnell was ruslled to Boston him. Eadie has been recommended for a medal of honor. Michels was to take Michels to the hospital. At no time was the place on the bottom under the described conditions for over three hours. abandoned and at no time were operations or preparations for 6. The award of at least a Kavy cross to Michels is thoroughly operations as soon as weather permitted discontinued. I wish deserved by hi~ that I could gi\e you a more graphic descliption of the heroic E. J. KIXG. conduct of these men. Let me read of their conduct and deeds direct from the official communication from Admiral Brumby to (Seoond indorsement) the Navy Department commending these men for their heroism U. S. S. "BusHNELL," and senice and recommending that they be officially recog­ OJ! P·rovincetow-n, Mass., Jan1tarv s, t!J-:! 8. nized for these deedB: P15 (File No. P15/!lfM 142-69-39) From : Commander cantrol force. To: Chief of the Bureau of Navigation. U. S. S. "FALCO:s"/' Subject: Fred G. Michels (142-G9- 39), CTM, USN. Prot•inceto-um, Mass., December f"t, 1JJ21. 1. Forwarded. From : Commanding officer. 2. ! was on board the FalcOit during the diving mentioned, and I fully To: The Secretary of the Navy (the Chief of the Bureau of Navigation). concur in the first indorsement. Via: (1) Capt. E. J. King, United States Navy, senior aide. 3. I recommend that Michels be awarded the Navy cross. (2) Commander control force. Subject: Michels, Fred G. (142-69-39) CTM. U. S. N. F. H. Baumn:. 1. The commanding officer desires to call attention to the heroic conduct of Fred G. Michels, chief torpedoman, in connection with the (File No. P15/ MM 140-00-54) attempted rescue operations on the U. S. S. S-1,. U. S. S. " FALCON," 2. When the U. S. S. Falcon arrived at scene of wreck of the Provincetown, Ma.s11., December 2e, 1927. U. S. S. S-4 a heavy sea was running, wind force 7 to 8 Buford scale, From: Commanding officer. temperature of air 25° F. Due to the weather conditions the Fal.con To: The Secretary of the Navy (Chief of the Bureau of Navigation). was unable to plant maorings, and anchored near life rings which had Via: (1) Capt. E. J: King, United States Navy, (2) commander control been planted over the U. S. S. B-1,, approximate position, by the U. S. S. force. Trandank. The U. S. S. S-· was found by dragging grapnels. The Subject: Heroic work performed by Thomas Eadie, chief gunner's mate Falcon then anchoring well to windward of grapnel catch, paying out (140-00-54), United States Navy. chain and dropped back to bring the grapnel catch on the quarter. Reference: (a) Navy Regulations, article 1707. The U. S. S. Mallard and U. S. S. Lark were anchored on port and 1. On December 18, 1927, the Falcon moored over what was presumed starboard quarter of the Falcon and lines run to them. This gave a to be the U. S. S. S-1, after a grapnel caught on some object on bottom. nry slack moor, dangerous for diving on a wreck job in deep water, Eadie was selected to prove the grapnel catch, using grapnel line for but with the probability of life involved, divers were asked to go down. bis descending line. The catch proved to be the S-4. Eadie made ex­ Eadie, Ca.rr, and Michels were the best divers on the Falcon. Eadie amination of the S-1,, sounding with a hammer, and reported life in the was first selected and went down grapnel line, examined the S-.+, torpedo room. On reaching the limiting time en bottom, he was brought found that there was life in the torpedo room, and secured descending to the surface and work proceeded on the information he gave. lines. Can was next diver selected to hook air hose to S-fs main 2. Carr was dil'er next selected to hook air hose to the S-.i salnlge ballast tanks, and succeeded in doing this. Michels was the next diver air lines. Carr succeeded in doing this ; time on bottom 1 hour and 15 seleded to hook air to the compartment's air line, but due to the bad minutes, or 15 minutes longer than the period I bad decided was the moor of the l!'alcon, tbe very adverse weather conditions for diving, safe limit, due to temperature as well as depth. Michels was very badly fouled. 3. By this time darkness had set in, a heavy sea running, wind force 3. Michels is an old and experienced diver and well reallzed the 7-8 Bufort scale. condition under which the dive was made. I feel that be freely ex­ 4. Michels was the choice among the remaining divet·s to attempt posed himself to danger beyond the call of duty and devotion to service, hooking air bose to S-.S compartments for breathing purpose. and in 1·ecognition thereof I recommend he be awarded the Navy 5. Diving conditions were now very bad and would have been discon­ Cross. tinued except for the reason that life was involved. Michels baring FIEXRY HARTLEY. much experience as a deep-water diver, it was decided to take this chance to get air on the S-4 compartments before the wind and sea forced the Falcon from her moorings. (First indorsement) 6. Michels went down, taking a water light and ail" bose, tools, etc., U. S. S. " BuSHNELL," for making the connection. The usual telephone communication was Off Protincetown, Mass., December 31, tm. carried on and Michels was apparently making progress. When about P15 three-fourths hour on bottom Michels reported tl!at he was badly fouled. From: Capt. E. J. King, United States Navy. To : Commander control force: (File No. P15/Mll 140-00-84) Subject: Fred G. Michels (142~9-39), CTM, USN. 1. Forwarded, approval strongly recommended. Subject: Heroic work performed by Thomas Eadie, chief gunner's mate, 2. I was present on board the Falco-n at the time of this incident as United States Navy. senior aide to the officer in charge of S-4 rescue operations, having • • • * • • • been sent to this duty because of my previous experience in con.nectlon The telephone tender could not understand him clearly. Taking the with sah-age of S-51. phone I was able to judge from the apparent difficulty he was having 3. The weather and sea conditions were extremely bad for diving, to talk over tbe phone that his condition of foul was serious, and ad­ :md the Falcon had had only time for the very precarious moor vised him that Eadie would be sent down to clear him. (There was a described in letter above. The only divers then on board whose capa­ relief or rescue diver dressed and ready, but all things considered, Eadie bilities were positively known were Eadie and Carr and Michels, of was asked to make his second dive within a period of five hours and whom Eadie was tlle first and Carr the second diver sent down-and readily consented.) nothing but the endeavor to save life warranted sending either of them 7. When Eadie was dressed, telephone trouble developed, delaying his down. descent, so that Michels was on the bottom about one and one-half 970 CONGRESSIO~ .A.L TIECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 4 hours before Eadie reached him. Eadie was given a diver's lamp, 2. When the U. S. S. Falc01~ arrived at scene of wreck of the U. S. S. cutting plier, hammer, and large wire cutter. S-1, a heavy sea was running, wind force 7 to 8 Buford scale, tempera­ 8. Eadie found Michels's life line and hose was foul of broken part ture of air 25° F. Due to the weather conditions the Falcon was un­ of S-4 starboard side where rammed by the Pauldit!g and al ·o on star­ able to plant moorings and anchored near life rings which bad been board side by parts of PatdtUng's plating torn off by the collision, also planted ()Ver the U. S . .S. S-4~ approximate position by the U. S. S. tangled with the air hose he had taken down, and so badly tangled that lVandank. The U. S. S. S-iJ was found by dragging grapnels. The he was lying down and could not rise. Eadie first cleared 1\lichels so Falco1t then anchoring well to windward of grapnel catch, paying out he could stand and set about to clear his hose. chain and dropped back to bring the grapnel catch on the quarter. The 9. Eadie cleared one side, bnt could not find where the hose passed U. S. S. Larl• and U. S. S. Mallant were anchored on port and starboard in and around some twisted and bent met al, presumably a part of the quarter of the Falcon and lines run to them. This gave a very slack Paulding's plating. He next searched for most likely place to attempt moor, dangerous for diving on a wreck job in deep wat er, but with the to cut away this metal, and asked that a large hacksaw be aent down to probability of life involved, divers were asked to go down. Eadie, Carr, him. Hacksaw was sent down on his air line and phone cable. Work­ and Michels were the best divers on the Falcon. Eadie was first ing with saw and hammet· Eadie was able to cut away a piece of metal selected and went down gmpnel line, examined the S-~. found that there after having alternately sa wed and hammered steadily for about 40 was life in the torpedo room, and secured descending line. Carr was minutes. Upon cutting away the metal, Eadie was then able to trace next diver selected to hook air hose to the S- J, 's main ballast tanks and ~lich e ls's air hose and complete clearing him. succeeded in doing this. Eadie's total time on bottom to clear Michels, 1 hour 45 minutes. 3. Carr is an old and experienced diver and well realized the condi­ Michels's total time on bott om. 3 hours 20 minutes. tion under which the dive was made. I feel that lle freely exposed hint­ Temperature of water, 34° F. self to danger beyond the call of duty and devotion to service, and in Depth, 102 feet; sea, heavy. r ecognition thereof I recommend he be awarded the NavY Cro s. HE:-IRY HARTLEY. (File No. P1:5/ l1M 140-00-84) Subject: Heroic work perfornK'd by Thomas Eadie, ch.ief gunner's mate, (First indorsement. P15) United States Navy. U. S. S. "BUSH ELL," * * • * * • • Off P1·ovincetown, Mass., December 30, 1.927. 10. I have had much experience with deep-water diving and consider From: Capt. E. J. King, United States NavY. Eadie's work in this case worthy of the highest praise. His skill and To : Commander control force. judgment were insurpassable. His collrage and fortitude were heroic. Subject: Carr, William J., C. B. M. (Pa.), 12016-18, U. S. N. A man not possessing the e qualities would have failed. Eadie no.t 1. Forwarded ; approval strongly recommended. only saved Michels's life but exposed him ~ eu to personal danger much 2. I was present on board Falcon at the time of Carr's dive. The above the call of duty and devotion to service. conditions were very bad and nothing but the endeavor to save life 11. I have the honor to reeommend Thomas Eadie, chief gunner's warranted the dive being made. Carr was thoroughly aware of all the mate, for a medal of honor in accordance with the t•eference. circumstances and responded promptly and willingly to the immediate HE~RY HARTLEY. need to attach an air-blowing hose to S-1/s salvage tank air -connection, which he did. (First indorsement: File No. P15/~Dl 140-00-54) 3. Carr's work on this occasion should be classed as wo.rthy of all praise and adequate for the award of a Navy cross. U. S. S. "FALCON," E. J. KING. Pro t:incetatt'n~ Mas8., Decem-ber 2"~ 19!.7. From: Capt. E. J. King, United States Kavy. To: The Secretary of the Navy (Chief of the Bureau of Navigation). (Second indorsement. P15) Yia: Commander control force. · U. S. S. "BUSHNELL," Subject: Heroic work performed by Thomas Eadie, C. G. M., U. S. N. Off Provbt.cetoton~ Mass.~ Jam,ary 2, 1938. 1. Forwarded, approval strongly recommended. From: Commander control force. 2. I was on board Falcon at the time of this event and am fully cog­ To: Chief of Bureau of Navigation. nizant of all the circumstan-ces. In addition, I already l."llow Eadie 1. Fo.rwarded. from his excellent work, morale, and judgment during the salvage of 2. I was on board the Falcon during the diving mentioned, and I the S-51. fully concur in the first indorsement. 3. Eadie's conduct on this occasion deserves all the praise and every 3. I recommend that Carr be awarded the Navy cross. credit that may be given to a real man who deliberately, knowingly, and F. H. BRUliBY. willfully took his own life in his hands to respond to the desperate I venture to state that every Membe~ join in the admiral's need of a companion diver under wholly adverse diving conditions. What praise and commendation of the services rendered by these men. is more, by his cool, calculating, and unhurried work he succeeded in his There remains now but one thing, and that is to bring the tremendous task. S-4 to the surface in order to remove all of the bodies and to 4. There is no doubt in my mind that Eadie's deed in aving Michels examine the hull and conditions, the only and mute source of entirely fulfills the law's requirement of "extraordinary het•oism in the information. As I have said before, a body of 800 tons, with line of his profession." perhaps addition~! 200 or 300 tons of water, can not be lifted E. J. Krso. outright from the bottom of the ocean. The only known way at this time is the process employed in the 1·aising of the S-51. (Second indorsement: File ~ 'o. Pl5/M:U 140-00-54) Large pontoons are filled with water, sent to the bottom, and U. S. 8. "FALCO!'!'," secured with chains to the hull of the vessel. When sufficient Provincetou:n~ Mass., December ~.S, 1.927. pontoons have been so secured the water is released from each pontoon by attaching an air line to it and forcing compressed From: Commander control force. air, which release· the water. The pontoon is then made air­ To: The Sec1·etary of the Navy (Chit> f of the Bureau of Navigation). tight, and when sufficient pontoons are so prepared and there is 1. Forwarded, strongly recommended. sufficient buoyancy the ve sel is lifted to the surface. 2. I was on board the Falcon during the entire operation, and I was This work is exceedingly slow and tedious; most of it mu ·t fully informed as to the progress of events. Eadie knew the danger of be carried on under w~ter, and naturally will take considerable the undertaking, but he was not deterrl'd. 3. I have never known so fine an example o! cold-!>looded, deliberate time. It took 65 diving days to lift the S-51. She was in 30 feet heroism as that shown by Eadie. more depth of water than is the S--'J.. So one can easily figure 4. He is thoroughly deserving of a medal of honor. how long it will take by working night and day to get the 8-4 F. H. BRU~IBY. floating. When we spea.k of days, we speak of diving days. It must be remembered that they can not work when the water (File No. Pl5/~IM 1~0-6.1-18) is choppy or weather conditions make diving impossible. Yes­ U. S. S. "FALCO::f," terday the water was so cold that diving was impossible-not Province t.oum~ Mass.~ December !1, 1921. that it was too cold for diver's comfort, but the moisture in From : Commanding officer. the air froze in the air line. The tube is made in sections a.nd To: The Secretary of the Navy (the Chief o! the Bureau of Navigation). the connections of the tube are such that inside one tube there Via: (1) Capt. E. J. King, U. S. Navy, senior aide. is a smaller tube, over which the •two ends meet. As the air (2) Commander control force. enters o.ne tube, it naturally enters the smaller suxface and Subject: Carr, William J., C. B. 1\I. (PA) 120-61-18, U. S. N. wht>n it gets to the next section which is larger the air expands, 1. The commanding officer desires to call attention to the heroic con­ and moisture is created at this point, nnMassachusetts asks I found the morale of the men, the crews of the other subma­ unanimous consent to proceed for 10 minutes. Is there objec-­ rines excellent. They understand that this is one of those un­ tion? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. avoidable disasters that come to men who are engaged in that Mr. GIFFORD. Mr. Speaker and gentlemen of the House, perilous work. I wish to join with the gentleman from New .York [Mr.. I ha\e stood on the floor of this House and I ha\e criticized LAGuARDIA] in commenting on this tragedy and in confirming., the Navy very often. I have criticized U because of its aviation to a considerable extent, what he has said. He has been on th~ policy, and in a good many other instances ; but after observing scene and has given us a splendid account of the situation., those men on the ship, commencing with .Admiral F. H. Brumby But I wish to treat the matter from a somewhat different angle_, and Capt. E. J. King and Cal)t. Henry Hartley, and Chief Gun­ Three days after the sinking of the S-4, with her crew of 43i ner Tiffals and Divers Fred G. ~IichaeJs, Thomas Eadie, William officers and men, I reached my home on the cape, only some GO J. Carr, and all the men who are on the job, and working night miles distant from the scene of the accident, and since it had and day, it seems to me that the least we can do is to admit happened in the waters of my own district I felt it ruy duty publicly that they are doing everything that is humanly possible, to go to Provincetown, alike as a RepreEenta tive in Congress and give them encouragement to continue this work under such and as one of the public, deeply affected by the calamity and trying and difficult conditions. [Applause.] anxious for the rescue of the six men known to be still alive in :Mr. LINTHICUM. Mr. Speaker, ·will the gentleman: yield'! the submarine. I want to say here that the Navy was pre­ Mr. LAGUARDIA. Yes. sumably doing its best~ but, assuming that this was so, the fact 1.\lr. LINTHICUM. So far as giying them more encourage­ remains that their best was not good enough, and the countJ.·y ment is concerned, I received a telephone mes!sage at my house has a. right to demand something better in the future, to de­ the other day from l\Irs. Jones, the widow of the lieutenant mand that adequate plans and preparations be made to preYent commander who commanrs of a lawmaking and money-voting l>ody tion-but it is one of policy. I may ·ay the same of Admiral as outsiders and fools who e sole interest is in playing politics tllan Brumby. He is an able officer and to be commended in that he there is in the denouncing of the officers of the Navy and the members has not remained in his cabin and directed the work therefrom, of the Navy Department as anxious only to protect their own dose but has been on deck in all kinds of weather personally aiding corporation and to clear the sen·ice from blame. It will be a distinct and supervising. Still I mu ' t regret that at time · he was so gain when that fact is recognized. A shining illu!';tration of what some­ curt in his answers to tho:::e making inquiries of him. times occurs even in war time is the story of the expose of Nortbcliffe The newspaper men and others reported this fact to me. and and the Times of the fact that British soldiers were trying to fl;!ht in it hu · been the subject of newspaper comment. Under these France with the wrong kind of sht>ll, and be was begged to withhold circumstances I did not feel like seeking an inteniew with that story from the public lest he impair the patriotism of the Bri.lish him. 1\Ir. McGinley, of Pennsylvania. who::·e son was locked in people. the ~unken vessel, also expressed his concern over his failure 2. The Navy might well learn something of the arts of publicity. to obtain reasonable information, although he bore it stoically, There would be less unrest to-day and far less criticism had the offic<'rs saying " If I could only go home ''ith the body of my boy I at Provincetown done aJl within their power to provide the people with would be satisfied." But he wa merely told that the raising exact and full information about. a calamity which had gripped the of the vessel might be put off until spring. 1.'his, too, is a emotions of the whole Nation. The public is very prone to surmise matter of sentiment largely, but it has its part in such a indifference and incompetence when in peace time and under conditions calamity. requiring no secrecy information is altogether withheld or grudgingly I had no wish to criticize the Navy, but when things of tltis bestowed. nature came to my attention I felt that I had a right to express 3. There is just one way to convince the public that the naval officers. my elf. I felt obligated if possible to help the newspaper of "training perhaps unparalleled in any other profes ion," and musters men and through them all of the country to get the truth as of " the technical affairs and internal management" of their depart­ to wllnt was being done. ment-to paraphrase the language of a reserve officer-that these I also felt justified in making certain other general criti­ officers have made no mistakes, have done everything within their power cism · pertinent to the tragedy, the first being, " Where was the to save the lives of the men in the sunken submarine, and in general tender when the submarine \Vas engaged in underwater eYolu­ that the Navy is as quick to adopt new methods, and as ready to go by tions? Why was it not present to warn craft away from the the shortest route to any de ired goal, as private enterprise is said to path of the submarine?" I was told by a captain, who had be. There is a widespread belief that this is not the case. Red tape? been attached to a life-saving station in that vicinity for 30 There are a good many men outside the service whose opinions are years and who had seen submarines operating on that meas­ entitled to rt>spect who think that red tape in emergencies hinders and ured mile for 10 years, that such was the custom. He said. " I hampers far too much the enet·gies of brave and eager workers. The have watcbed them for 10 years, and there has always been bureaucratic mind is a thing by no m~ans unknown in Washington4 We a tender present to warn ves els off the course. I have since are proud of our Army and Navy engineers, but all the engineering learned that this ha indeed been tbe custom, although it was ability of the country is not in the service, and we have heard many not a matter of naval regulations. But surely it should be times that outsiders are not always made welcome when they have in the future, and should have been in tbe past. reforms to advocate or improvements to Sllggest. Many newspapers have printed editorials bearing on thi~ We may remind the Navy that not all its critic have been civilians subject, as well as the loss of the S-4 after she had been located of late. We may note in passing that nobody seems to be more touchy and tbe unwillingne s of the officials to give out the story, over an intimation of fallibility than have been many able men in uni­ and I believe that such criticisms are valid. The latter one form of late. The naval and the departmental methods may be all may, of course, be answered by a statement that the Navy right. We hope they are. But it no~ is the job of the Navy antl the hoped every minute to find the lost vessel and did not wish to department to convince the public of the fact, if it is a fact. An investi­ add to the terrible worry of the Nation; but does it not rather gation conducted exclusively from within is hardly likely to allay the seem predicated on a desire to cover up a grave mistake by uneasiness of the earnest multitude who seriously consider the story what, as it proved, were futile and unfortunate methods, since which has come through from Cape Cod. If Congress shall decide that the fact was cei·tain to become known? there shall be another kind of investigation, with expert engineers antl One editorial, from the Boston Herald of December 27, I the best ability the Nation can provide, but out of uniform, it will be should like to incorporate in the e remarks, and I offer the well for the naval authorities to accept the decision in good spirit, to following: cooperate in every way in the process of the examination. That wny [From the Boston Herald. Tut>sday, December 27, 1927] probably lies the restoration of the prestige of the Naval Establishment. We impute no sinister motives to anybody. But there are doubts t() CRITICISli OF THII NAIT satisfy, and if in the quest of information the way to important reform Yc3rs ago when Sir William Howard Russell summed up his con­ or improvement shall be shown, so much the better for the service and elusions as to the results of his famous mission to the Crimea he offered for the Nation. a general observation to the effect that an incursion of outsiders often proved salutary in tlte case of such highly organized and consciously I, for one, do not at the pre ent time wish to offer an~r superior establishments as the British Army. That was a mild state­ resolution for an investigation of this tragedy. Neverthele ·s, I ment, coming from the man whose ability to see straight and to write think that the country is demanding that a searching investiga­ straight had made all England unt>asy over conditions in the peninsula, tion be made before the matter is regarded as close.s between natives and marines have taken place : selves, of course I deplore what has been done. I sympathize November 21 : Near Telepaneca, 3 Nicaraguans killed. with them.-~They are under the heel of a foreign oppressor. November 23: Somoto, 4 Nicaraguans killed; large number wounded; It fills me with shame to admit this of my country. :My coni­ 1 marine wounded. fort is that it is not the people who· have done this wrong ; it is November 25 : Laguna, 4 Nicaraguans killed ; 7 wounded. an administration which misrepresents the people. November 26: Elchipote, 37 Nicaraguans killed; unknown number The Nicaraguans have no liberties, they have no self-govern­ wounded. (Originally 4 natives were reported to have fallen in this ment, they have none of the cherished things for which our engagement, but that figure was officially con-ected by Col. L. M. fathers died. Naturally we feel for them, as we would feel for Gulick, marine commander.) any people fighting for liberty. Anyone who really believes in December 5: Between Jicardo and San Fernando, number of Nicara- Americanism and that governments derive their just powers guan casualties unknown ; 2 native guardsmen killed. from the consent of the governed must grieve for the N~·ara­ December 9: Antigua, 20 Nicaraguans killed; 20 wounded. guans who are laying down their lives for these principles. December 10 : El Portera, 5 Nicaraguans killed ; several wounded. But, after all, Nicaragua is a small country, with o y a December lo: Somoto, 3 Nicaraguans killed; 3 wounded. sparse population, and perhaps sometime, in the ultimate end, December 11 : Santa Rosa, - Nicaraguans killed ; several wounded. when American imperia.lism has worked its will with them, they December 11 : Telepaneca, 8 Nicaraguans killed ; several wound-ed. will be given some of the benefits of the material welfare that Included among the recent casualties were two marine airmen, belongs to our civilization. When we have at last forced it Second Lieut. E. A. Thomas and Sergt. Frank Dowdell, who were cap­ upon them it may be there will be some compensation for their tured by a band of Nicaraguans after their plane had crashed into a sufferings and for the loss of their liberties. What concerns me mountain near Ocotal early in October. The Navy IJepa.rtment reported most,. however! is not what Nicaragua is losing, not what the that they were killed by their captors. Nicaraguans are suffering. but what America is suffering and Recently the Marine Corps announced that the "bandit extermina­ what America is losing. tion " program would be prosecuted with increased vigor at the end of AMXRICA MUST PAY THE PRICE: the rainy season late this montb. The aviators now in Nicaragua have ery man must know that America can not exist as an been reenforced and have been supplied with new eqnjpment for the imperialism abroad and a democracy at home. It can not con­ av()wed purpose of conducting an intensive bombing campaign as soon tinue as " the land of the free and the home of the brave" with as dry weather arrives. its foreign policy under the <}ominion of ~ mili~y autocracy. 976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANU.ARY4 We can not hold here at home that governments derive their The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has just powers from the consent of the governed and yet in foreign expired. countries ruthlessly deprive the people of their right of self­ Mr. HUDDLESTON. I ask for five additional minutes. government.~e can not pre erve liberty here and practice The SPEAKER. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The autocracy abroad. We can not have the free ballot box at Ohair hears none. home with American marines dictating at the elections of a !--Mr. HUDDLESTON. We are there to protect American lives foreign country. [Applause on the Democratic side.] America and property, so the President said. His statement was chal­ can not exist democratic at home and autocratic abroad. lenged then and the charge was made that there were no Ameri­ IS AMERICA TO BECOME AN Il\IPERIALISi\f? cans whose lives were being jeopardized in Nicaragua and that Mr. Speaker, if we are to give up those principles which we no American property was in danger. The matter finally set­ have cherished and held dear, then the people of this country tled itself down to the general belief that the President was should be consulted about it. The real sovereigns, the real merely helping certain American bankers to collect debts for rulers of America, should have some chance to .express them­ loans which they had made. selves. Mr. MOORE of Virginia. If the gentleman will permit, in If it be true that the love of liberty is dead-liberty for our­ reference to what the gentleman from New York said, every­ selves and for all others-and that we are to embark upon a body will recall the government he speaks of in Nicaragua, the policy of imperiali m abroad, which can only result in the Diaz government, was reputed to have been given assurance counterPart of that policy here at home;-the issue should be sub­ in advance of Diaz being in tailed that our Government was mitted to the American people for their decision.. It is not right, going to support him. Diaz is the man asking help in Nica­ it is not fair, for those whom we have placed in office on other ragua, and we know what sort of a man he is. issues to commit this country to such a policy. Mr. HUDDLESTON. And the President sent his repre­ I want to see my country great, but great in its love of lib­ sentative to Nicaragua not as a representative of the people, erty. I want to see my country powerful, but I want it power­ for probably he could not have been elected as a constable by ful in just and righteous conduct toward our sister nations. I any constituency in the United States. [Applause.] He is want to see our influence spread, but I no not want it to be said to have made some kind of a trade with Moncada based spread by the force of arms:-'! would rather have it spread upon tl1e assurance that Moncada should be the next President by the influence of love. I want ot)lers to adopt our culture of Nicaragua. This is the common report. . because of its worthiness. I would rather that we should de­ So Moncada quit fighting. Benedict Arnold also quit fight­ serve to rule the world without doing so than that we should ing, but the Revolutionaries fought on and won American inde­ rule without deserving to do so. pendence. So far as we know, tho e who are fighting against u~ Mr. Speaker, the worst thing about all of this is, that as in Nicaragua to-day are fired with just as sincere a love for we strike our sister Republic down the blow comes back and their country as our ancestors were for ours. It is unspeakably at last we strike ourselves:--The most serious consequence of hypocritical and dishonest to call such men " bandits." They all is the consequences which shall be worked upon the institu­ are fighting for liberty. Whether we think them right or wrong, tions of our country. Are we to have an imperialism in Amer­ we as brave men must respeet their sacrifices and the spirit in ica? Are we to be converted into a nation which shall com­ which they give their lives. [Applause.] pete with the nations of the Old World in the exploitation of the Mr. TILSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that weak, the helpless, and the poor? Have we ideals like those of the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BEGG] may proceed for 15 min­ ancient Rome by which we shall claim for ourselves the right utes. of dominion and draw tribute from servile populations of the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Connecticut asks unan­ remote corners of the earth? Is that our ideal? Let me say imous consent that the gentleman from Ohio may proceed for to you that if it is we will go as Rome went. The Romans 15 minutes. Is there objection? could not hold to their own liberties, yet take a way the liber­ There was no objection. ties of others. And so they lost their liberties, and so we shall The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Ohio is recognized. lose ours. Mr. BEGG. Mr. Speaker and Members of the House, it is rather embarrassing to me to sit and listen for half an hour to TO WAGE WAR WITHOUT THE CONSENT OF CONGRESS IS USURPATION such an indictment of my own country, particularly when that Mr. Speaker, the action of the President in making war with­ indictment for its facts is founded on newspaper articles. I am out the consent of Congress and without the consent of the ready to grant to any man that there may be two schools of people of the United States is a violation of the spirit of the foreign policy regarding the protection of life and p'roperty ih Constitution. It is an usurpation which if persisted in will foreign countries. There is not any question of doubt in my result in ruin to us in the end. own mind to which school I belong. Therefore I have chosen to ~here is little doubt that we would have had war with reply in brief to the remarks made by the distinguished gentle­ Mexico a year ago had not public opinion in the United States man from Alabama [Mr. HUDDLESTON]. responded, had it not beat upon the door of the White House r=-m. the first place, the United States has but one principle on and challenged the President and dared him to provoke the war foreign policy that any man can claim is at all permanent and which he openly threatened. He listened to the voice of the fixed. That is the Monroe doctrine. I challenge any man to people then. God grant that there may come from the people cite any other principle of the American Government that is now some such expression of aversion to his policy as will permanent in dealing with foreign nations that does not vary drive the President from the course which he is pursuing in with succeeding administrations. Now, the Monroe doctrine, as Nicaragua. everyone of you knows, came into existence as the result of the This war that is being carried on in Nicaragua is the admin­ Holy Alliance in the Old World, which was formed in the year istration's war, but the treasure that the President is expending 1815 for the sole purpose of arresting, if possible, the spread in it is the people's money, and the blood that he is causing to and growth of Spanish-American republics, and the plan of be spilled is the blood of American boys. And the consequences procedure of the so-called Holy Alliance was to restore the which may ensue will fall upon the American people. [Ap­ Crown in Spatn ; and Spain in payment for the restoration was plause.] to come to the Americas and stop the establishment of Spanish­ Mr. WAINWRIGHT. Will the gentleman yield? American republics and create instead Spanish-American mon­ Mr. HUDDLE 'TON. I will. archies. By 1823 the Holy Alliance had functioned with her 1\Ir. WAINWRIGHT. Of course I am always diverted and part of the contract and Spain was ready to begin the per­ edified by t11e remarks of the gentleman from Alabama, but I formance of her part of the bargain, to wit, interfere with the would like to ask whether the fact that we are in Nicaragua establishment of governments according to the wishes of the to-day is not with the consent and sanction and practically at several peoples. And every time I read our history I thank the request of the only government there is in Nicaragua and God for the fact that Monroe had the courage of his convictions practically at the joint request of the recently warring factions1 and that there was none of the demagogue in him. In bis Now mav I-- message to Congress in January he made a great speech, not to Mr. HUDDLESTON. May I answer. The gentleman is put­ Congress, not to America, but to the world at large. Here, in ting another question-- our language, in brief, is what he said; .-.ltlr. W AI.KWIUGHT. For the purpose of assisting the Nica­ ragua Government to restore peaceful and orderly conditions in Any attempt by any foreign power to interfere with the destiny of Nicaragua? any America would be interpreted by the United States a.s an un­ --Mr. HUDDLESTON.· Not if the President is to be believed. friendly act. He stated in his message to Congress a year ago as the reason I will ask you gentlemen who are students of history, Was wh:v we were in Nicaragua that it was for the protection of that ·pronouncement respected by Spain and the rest of the An)erican lives and property and to protect the concession for nations? · I call your attention to the fact that James Monroe the canal which we may some day decide to construct. did not co~e to Co!lgress )Vith that message and ask for anot!ler 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 977. dollar to increase the national defense. He did not ask for the of the American principle that to be a citizen of the United privilege of enlisting another man in the Army or the Navy or States means you will be protected as to life and property the Marine Corps. He merely made his speech, and the Old throughout the world as long as you are a law-abiding citizen. World heard and respected that pronouncement of the American -Now, the situation was a revolution between two men who doctrine, known afterwards as the Monroe doctrine. wanted to be President of Nicaragua. Those details have been Again, I will call your attention-and particularly the atten­ recited here repeatedly. If they have not, I can insert them. tion of my colleague from Alabama-to an incident which hap­ They are chronologically accurate and can be put in if you pened during the administration of a President of his own want them. In the contest between the two men danger political faith, Grover Cleveland. When England undertook to threatened. Our national appealed to us, the parent country, interfere in a minor matter under the pretext that it was vital for protection. We sent the marines, the international police. to her interest, in cold-blooded language President Cleveland Is there anything startling about the fact that we sent the i sued a restatRment of that doctrine to the mistress of the seas; marines to Nicaragua? If you will acquaint yourselves with and when President Cleveland spoke he did not have a Navy the facts, you will find that the marines have been in Nica­ much more serviceable than a good :fleet of fishing smacks, and ragua the majority of the time since 1895 down to 1924; and his Army did not contain 125,000 trained soldiery. And yet that, too, at the request of the government in Nicaragua each Mr. Cleveland said in substance to England, "You are violating and eve.'"Y time. [Applau e.] Why were they withdrawn? the Monroe doctrine, and the peace of the world will be more PresW.en' Harding got tired of the change in governments by secure if you stay out of that affair." revotnt~n !n the Central Americas and thought he could do Did the greatest naval power in all time respect that restate­ something to contribute to peace. So he invited those countries ment of the Monroe doctrine? It goes without saying that she to come to Washington to see whether they could not make a did. treaty of adjustment, and they made a treaty in which each Again, I will ask, Did Cleveland request any increase for naval agreed with the other, the Central American powers, not to defense or for the Army defense? Not one nickel. And yet recognize any man gaining his power by a coup d'etat or revolu­ the mistress of the sea respected that restatement of the only tion. General Chamarro signed for Nicaragua, and. yet in less downright simon-pure statement of the foreign policy of Amer­ than 18 months he had raised a revolution in Nicaragua and ica that has ever been made. seized the government. Certainly we could not recognize him.· Then, following Cleveland, what do we have again? Mr. Although we were not a signatory to the treaty, it was made Roosevelt, when the nation that builded the biggest military under the guidance and protection of the United States, and we machine that has ever been assembled by a single power sent refused to recognize that government. Then after he had a part of her :fleet down into Venezuelan waters over a little thrown out a number of his congressmen until he could get boundary dispute, what did Mr. Roosevelt do? In our language control of the congress, he elected a man as his successor and he gave them a limited time to withdraw their :fleet out of those that man by the Nicaraguan constitution, which is in writing waters. Did Germany respect it? She certainly dicl. Yet and in my office, could not qua1ify; and, of course, we refused Roosevelt's Army was less than 125,000 men and his Navy was to recognize him. Then in Nicaragua they themselves restored no better than Cleveland's. Yet be commanded the respect of the regularly elected congressmen, and they elected Mr. Diaz, the biggest military machine, I say again, that the world ever who does meet the qualifications of tbe constitution. I am re­ saw down to that hour. ferring to the written constitution of Nicaragua. He does meet ~ say that Cleveland and Roosevelt, by the restatement of the requirements. He was elected according to their constitu­ that all-American doctrine, contributed more to the peace of the tional methods by a two-thirds majority of the congress which world, in my humble judgment, than could have been done by was elected by the people at a regular election, when the United any manner of means otherwise. States was not in there militarily. Mr. HUDSPETH. l\Ir. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? What could we do? To have refused to recognize that gov­ Mr. BEGG. Not now; not until I am through with my ernment would have been to do the very thing my friend from statement. Alabama charges us with now doing, namely, decide and con­ Then we come down to this Nicaraguan affair. It is the most trol who shall be the president. glorious opportunity for a man w-ho wants to be careless of his The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from Ohio has facts and who is not in favor of preserving the national honor expired. of America among the nations of the world to make an inflam­ 1\fr. BEGG. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to proceed matory speech to the uninformed, such as that which WE' have for five additional minutes. had from the gentleman from Alabama and others for a num­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Ohio asks unanimous ber of year . [Applause.] consent to proceed for five additional minutes. Is there objec­ I said at the outset that there might be two schools of foreign tion? policy. I said I would state the one to which I belong, and I will do it now.---so far as I am concerned, I believe it to be There was no objection. the responsibility of the United States to protect my life and my 1\lr. NELSON of Wisconsin. Will the gentleman yield? property wherever I may be in all the world [applause] so long Mr. BEGG. I prefer not to yield until I have finished my as I am obeying the laws of the country in which I happen to statement. Then I will yield, if I have the time or if the House re ide; and I will say again, that if the national sovereignty will grant me additional time in which to answer. does not extend beyond the boundary of the United States, why Mr. NELSON of Wi consin. Will the gentleman take this have a national sovereignty in times of peace? into consideration: Congress's authority; has that been re­ You damage my property in Ohio. It will not be the Federal spected, and under what law is this being done? Government that will come and punish you. It will be, first, Mr. BEGG. AU right. That is easy and will not take long. the county sovereignty and if they are unable to punish you, The Constitution of the United States absolutely puts the con­ then it will be the State sovereignty, but never in all the his­ trol of the armed forces in the hands of the President of the tory of America has the Federal sovereignty been called upon United States, and nobody contests tbat:"--This is not war. This to protect a single individual's property in a State. is preserving the peace and protecting the lives and property .,__n other words, I believe America's future is dependent upon of our own nationals as well as the nationals of other countiies, two things : First, fair treatment of every foreign country with because there is no stable government there. Had Nicaragua a which she deals ; and, second, a firm, courageous, and fair for­ stable government able to do justice in the event of injury to eign policy so that her own citizenship will respect her influence our nationals, as· well as injury to the nationals of other coun­ in the affairs of the nations of the world. [Applause.] tries-like the gentleman from Alabama referred to London, I Again, Great Britain and Italy asked the United States to would criticize the President of the United States even more protect their nationals in Nicaragua and to protect their prop­ severely than he, were we to go in. I would criticize him if he erty. I will submit to you, and I will submit to my friend from were to do such a thing as that; but that is not the case in Alabama [l\Ir. HUDDLESTON], if we were not foursquare up Nicaragua. There is no stable government there and there against the proposition of either protecting the lives and prop­ has not been, and the United States is protecting the peace of erty of the nationals of the rest of the world in Nicaragua or the world by sending the marines to Nicaragua greater by a of saying to them, "You may protect your own"? thousand times, in my judgment, than if she kept out and failed --ln.- other words, maintain the .Monroe doctrine or disavow to do her duty. ii: like a man. To have said to the rest of the world, "We -Now, let us see what might happen. Great Britain suggested will not protect your nationals and you can not," would have that if the United States would not consent to protect the na­ made us guilty of murder every time a national had been killed. tionals of Great Britain that she would dispatch a man-of-war, Those of you who choose to put yourselves in that category fully armed and fully equipped, to Caribbean waters in order to are welcome to the assignment, but for me, put me on the side protect her own nationals. LXIX-62 978 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE- JANUARY4

Now, let us a~e we had followed the policy suggested by unquestionably disqualified by the constitution of his country as eligibltf my friend from Alabama and had said, "No; we will not send to election as president, >"ice president, or chief of state designate." our marines to Nicaragua ; we will let e•ecy fellow look out for The United Sta,tes refused to recognize Chamorro, as it had publicly himself." Great Britain would have dispatched her man-of-war announced on June 30, 1923, that it would adopt as its policy in the and you gentlemen know better than I that this man-of-war of future recognition of governments in Central America the provisions Great Britain would not have allowed the rattle of the anchor of Article II of the treaty quoted above. Chamorro continued in office chain to ha \e been stilled before 100 yards alongside of her without recognition for several months, but in the autumn of 1926 would have been settling in her berths a French man-of-war, finally retired, turning over the Presidency to Senor Uriza.. The United and that man-of-war would never have gotten the anchor on the States declined to recognize him also, as be had not been elected in a bottom of the ocean until 100 yards farther over would have constitutional manner. Chamorro bad put out of office a number of been an Italian .man-of-war. None of the three would have been members of Congress elected in 1924 at the same time that Sol6rzano settled in its berth before there would have been a Jap man-of­ and Sacasa were elected, and had substituted his own followers in their war sliding in alongside of them. place. These men now left the Congress and those ori.ginaJly elected Why, gentlemen, there is not a more spectacularly beautiful were reseated, and this Congress then elected Adolfo Diaz as first sight in the woTld than to see the warships of the powers all designate on November 10, 1926. Article lOG of the Nicaraguan con­ congregated in a single harbor ; nor i there one more hazardous stitution provides as follows: to world peace than to permit them to congregate in the same " In case of the absolute or temporary lack of a. President of the waters, each there to protect a selfish interest. Republic, the office of Chief Executive shall devolve on the Vice Presi­ --I maintain that instead of contributing to war or starting dent, and in default of the latter, in one of the em~rgency candivernment. Sol6r­ "2. If be should have been a secretary of state or should have held zano was not a Liberal, but a dissident Conservative. Sacasa was a. some high military command during the accomplishment of the coup Liberal. It was a coalition ticket. d'etat, the revolution, or while the election was being eartied on, or if After Sacasa fled tbe country, he came to Washington to request be should have held this office or command within the six months pre­ that the United States intervene by force to put bim back in the ceding the coup d'Mat, revolution, or the election. Presidency by ousting Chamorro. In other words, he asked the United "Furthermore, in no case shall recognition be acoorded to a gov­ States to meddle in the internal political affairs of Nicaragua and to ernment which arises from election to power of a citizen expressly and use armed force to that end. He was told that this Government 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 979 does not do this; that in accordance with its announced policy of of imperialistic aggrandizement there would not now be an independent upholuing the treaty of 1923 it would Il{)t recognize the dictatorship government in Cuba, an independent government in Panama, an inde­ of Chamorro, and also that it would not intervene uuless American pendent government in the Dominican Republic, and in Haiti, nor any­ lives . But, on the other hand, the settlement effected by Mr. message from the Pre ~ ident of the United State , which was Stirn. on must be carried out. We must do our part to make it read, and, w ith accompanying documents, was referred to the effecti-ve. Indeed, for one I feel that the gentlemen on the other Committee on Foreign Affairs and ordered printed: side of the aisle might be in better business than in attempting To the of tlle U·nited to harass and embarrass the administration of their country in Oongress States: coping with the very difficult and unavoidable present situation. I transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of State in --Mr. Speaker, rather than withdraw the marines at this time, relation to the claim of Mr. Richm·d L. Sprague, American which is apparently what our friends across the aisle are advo· consul at Gibraltar, for reimbursement for expenses incurred eating, I feel that, in view of all that has occurred, peace must by him in providing relief for the crew of the American steamer be restored in Nicaragua at whatever cost and maintained. In­ Kanabec. I recommend that the Congress authorize an appro­ deed, that we must see this Stimson settlement through, though priation and that an appropriation be made to effect a settle­ the effort requires even more than the Marine Corps. ment of this claim in accordance with the recommendations of l\lr. BLANTO~. Will the gentleman yield for a question? the Secretary of State. The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from New York CALVIN COOLIDGE. has expired. THE WHITE HousE, Mr. BLANTON. I ask unanimous consent that his time be Waskin,gton, Jamw.ry 4, 1928. extended one minute. INTERNATIO:XAL SOCIETY FOB EXPLORATION OF THE ARCTIO RIOOION The SPEAKER. Without objection, it is so ordered. (H. DOC. NO. 133) Mr. BLANTON. I want to ask the gentleman this question : The SPEAKER also laid before the House the following Suppose the Republic of 1\Ie:xico should request the President message from the President of the United States, which was of the United States to send our Army into Mexico to help read, and, with accompanying papers, was referred to the Com­ him to preserve peace, to help h~ engage in wru; with another mittee O:Q Foreign Affairs and ordered printed : 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RE_COR.D-HOUSE 98l To the Congress of fke United Sta-tes: to authorize the President to invite the Government of Great I cyansmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State con­ Britain and the Governments of certain of the British Do­ cerning the plans of the International Society for the Explora­ minions to participate in the celebration at Ilonolulu of the tion of the Arctic Regions by Means of the Airship for the sesquicentennial of the discovery of the Hawaiian Islands, and establishment of geophysical observations of the inner Arctic to provide for participation of the Government of the United regions, toward the accomplishment of which the 19 govern­ States therein. ments whose countl'ies are represented in the society have been CALVIN COOLIDGE. requested to make an annual contribution for five years for THE WHITE HOUSE, Jallttat•y 4, 1928. required preparatory work, in accordance with a schedule fur­ LEAVE OF ABSENCE nished by the society and accompanying the report of the Sec­ By unanimous consent leave of absence was granted to­ retary of State. The annual contribution reque. ted of the l\Ir. GALLIV..L~, indefinitely, on account of seriou · illness in his United States is $300. . family. The attention of Congress is e pecinlly invited to the strong WIDOWS' PENSIONS, W A B. OF 1812 indorsements of this project given by the Secretary of the Navy, the Acting Secretary of Agriculture, the Acting Secretary of Mr. GARDJ\"ER of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, I introduced a bill the Smithsonian Institution, the National Research Council, and seeking to amend the pension laws with respect to Civil War the Carnegie Institution of Washington, as recited in the report widows. I ask unanimous consent to extend my remarks in the of the Secretary of State. RECORD upon that subject. In view of the ·e favorable comments, and in conformity vdth The SPEAKER. Is there objection? the recommendation of the Secretary of State, I lay the matter '!'here was no objection. before Congress for its determination whether it will authorize l\Ir. GARDNER of Indiana. 1\Ir. Speaker, I have to-day intro­ an annual appropriation of $300 for five years, a the contribu­ duced a bill to amend section 4 of the act of l\Iay 1, 1920, which tion of the United State , on the condition that the other govern­ section i a part of the act of May 1, 1920, granting pen~ions to ments approached will also contribute the quotas assigned to Civil War soldiers and Civil War soldiers' widows, as well as them. to the widows of the War of 1812 and the l\Iexican War. The CALVIN COOLIDGE. only changes that this bill makes in the present law are: Fh·st, THE WHITE HousE, Jamt.m··y 4, 1928. where the present law provides that the widow mu. t have mar­ ried the soldier, sailor, or marine prior to June 27, 1905, in order PERMA< E~T INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATIO~ OF ROAD CONGRESSES to have a pensionable status, this bill changes that date from (H. DOC. NO. 134) June 27, 1905, to June 27, 1915, which is the same date the The SPEAKER also laid before the House the following Committee on Invalid Pen~ion u es in granting special acts. me sage from the President of the United State , which was I think this change should be made for the reason that there read and, with accompanying papers, referred to the Committee are many deserving cases where the widow malTied the soldier on Foreign Affairs and ordered printed : after June 27, 1905, and many ca es are now being pensioned 'l'o the Congress of the United States: by special act that could be eliminated by the gP.nernl law if I commend to the favorable consideration of the Congress tltis change were made. The second change is in the case of the inclosed report from the Secretary of State, with an ac­ remarried widow . The present law provides that a remarried companying paper, to the end that legislation may be enacted widow of a Civil War soldier is entitled to a pension- authorizing (1) the President to invite the Permanent Inter­ if it be shown that such subsequent or successh·e marriage has, or national Association of Road Congresses to hold their sixth have been dissolved, either by the death of the husband, or husbands, ses ·ion in the United States, either in 1929 or 1030, as the asso­ or by a divorce without fault on the part of the wife. ciation may determine, and (2) an appropriation of $25,000 for the expenses of such meeting, in accordance with the recom­ 'l'he bill I have introduced, instead of using­ mendations of the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of or by divorce without fault ou the pai't of the wife-­ Commerce, and the president of the National Automobile Cham­ u~e the wording: ber of Commerce, who was a delegate on the part of the United States to the · meeting of the permanent international by divorce on any ground except adultery on the part of the wife. commission of the association held in Paris in July, 1927. This change is the exact wording of the act of l\Iay 1. 1026. CAJ,VIN COOLIIXJE. applying to Spanish-American War widows. I see no reasou THE WHITE HOUSE, Jamtary q, 1928. why a Spanish-American widow should be pensioned under a CLAIMS BY THE GOVERNME!S'T OF CHI~A AGAI~ST THE U~ITED more liberal law than a Civil ·war widow. And I see no reason STATES (S. DOC. ~ o. 34) why the same kind of a provision should not apply in both The SPEAKER all;!O laid before the Hou e the following cases. I know of several cases in my own di trict where, in me sage from the P1·esident of the United States, which was each case~ a de erving widow has permitted a worthless hus­ t·ead and, with accompanying paper , referred to the Committee band to divorce her without her making an appearance in court and resisting the divorce nit, not knowing, at the time, on Foreign Affah·~ and ordered printed : the effect it would have on her application for pension, wh~n, To the Congress of the United States: in fact, the widow could have secured the divorce hnd she I transmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State re­ made the application. As the present law now stands, reading­ questing the ubmission anew to the present Congress of two without fault on the part of the wife- claims presented by the Government of China ag·ainst the Government of the United States arising out of the negligent or the Pension Bureau has consh·ued that law to mean that where unlawful acts in China of persons connected with the military the husband secured a divorce, the widow is not entitled to a and naval forces of the United States, and I recommend that pension; nor is she able to prove, under the rules of tbe Pension as an act of grace and without reference to the question of the Bmeau, that the divorce was granted without fault on her part. legal liability of the United States an appt·oprintion in the I think this is au important change that should be made in the amount of $1,100 be made to effect settlement of these two present law. The third change that the proposed bill would claims, in accordance wHh the recommendntion of the Secretary make in the present law is the provision reading as follows: of State. Provided, howevm·, That such widow as mentioned in this section, CALVIN CooLIDGE. of any Civil War veteran, upon arriving at tbe age of 70 years, shall THE WmTE HousE, January .q, 1928. receive $40 per month, and upon arriving ~t tile age of 75 years, shall $50 SESQUICENTENNIAL OF THE DI CO VERY OF THE HAW AllAN ISLA:XDS receive per month; arnl provided (ut·ther, 'l'hat such widow, as men­ (H. DOC. NO. 132) tioned in this section, of any Civil War veteran shall not be entitled to such pension unless it be shown tbat sl1e married such soldier, sailor, or The Speaker also laid before the House the following message mariner at least five years prior to his death, n.nd lived :md cohabited from the Pre ident of the United States, which was read, and with him continuously from date of such maniage until the date of with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on his death. Foreign Affairs and ordered printed: Everyone knows that a large majority of these Civil \Var To the Congress of tlte United States: widows are now past an age when they are able to earn a living At the request of tbe Governor of Hawaii, made through for themselves, and many of them are helpless, and many are the Secretary of tbe Interior. in pursuance of a resolution of helpless and destitute. Everyone knows that a helpless and the Legislature of Hnwaii, I commend to the favorable con­ destitute widow can not live on $30 per month. These widows . sideration of tile Congress the draft of a joint resolution, are passing away rapidly, at the rate of 19,000 a year, and it attached to the accompnnying repol.'t of the Secretary of State, is only a matter of a few years until they will not need pen- 982 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE J.A.NU.ABY 4' sions. The husbands of these wiuows came to the relief of Freight rates on all ships engaged in the intercoastal business should this country at a time when the Goyernru.ent sorely needed be under the direction and control of the Interstate Commerce Commis· their services. They offered all they hnd for the benefit of sion. The mid-west manufacturer feels that be is being discriminated their country. I feel that the Government now owes a duty to against by his Government i.n being required to pay an excessive toll on these widows to provide the comforts of life for them the re­ his railroad freight to the Pacific coast as agai.nst his Atlantic coast com­ mainder of their days, and it is not doing so when it is simply petitor who ships goods by water through the Panama Canal at very making them the pitiful allowance of $30 per month. This low rates. The mid-west manufacturer has paid hls share of the cost proviso will be helpful to the widows and is liberal with the of building the canal and should not be penalized. Government. Under this prodsion the Civil War widow woultl Some equitable adjustment of rates should be made by the Inter­ draw only tile $30 until she arrives at the age of 70 years. She state Commerce Commis ion that would be fair to the mid-west manu­ would then draw $40 until she arrives at the age of 75 years, facturers, the people on the Pacific coast, and the milroads and ship­ and from that time on $50 per month. This provision also owners. Furthermore, the Shipping Board should not sell low-priced provides that in order for a widow to haye a pensionable ships for intercoastal busine s, thus enabling .purchasers to cut freight status under the provisions of this bill she must have married rates and further demoralize the coastwise business, thereby creating the soldier at least five years prior to his death and lived and unfair competitive transportation conditions through a government­ cohabited with him continuously from the date of such mar­ owned canal. riage until the date of his death. Certainly this provision is America is knowiJ as the lnnd of efficiency. In no other industry not unfair to the Government. The last change in this bill is its efficiency so striking as in railroading. The railroads owe it is simply bringing the widow of a soldier of the War of 1812, to the public of America, to themselves, and their stockholders to extend and of the war with Mexico, up to $50 instead of $30 as now this efficiency to ocean shipping. The vicissitudes of a hundred years provided by law. I have been informed that there are over of herculean struggles lwve bunt for them organizatiollS capable of 7,000 bills for special acts for pension!'l and increa es of pen­ applying to shipping the efficiency which is needeu and can be had by sions for these widows that ha\e already been tiled. I have cooperating with the leaders of shipping companies now engaged in filed a number myself that are de~erving caNes. It is a phys­ operating passenger and freight ships. ical impossibility for the clerks of the Committee on Inyalid Congress and public opinion no longer frown upon amalgamation of Pensions to examine and pass on all of these claims during railroads, as they did for 30 years. Railroads some years ago were this session of Congress, and that mean that many deserving forced to buy up competing water transportation routes on lakes allll cases will not be considered. This bill would provide for a ri\-ers. Those water lines in Northern States, to be sure, could overate majority of these cases. I believe a large majority of the only in sununer, but that was enough to cripple railroad service by liembers of Cong1·ess are in favor of this bill or a similar bill. their competition and left the land lines to stagger under overload We owe a duty to these widows and to the country to enact through the winter months. This practice grew on the meat which some needed legislation along this line. Delay in this matter fed it, and the consequent abuses became offensiYe. The result was means that many deserving widows must nffer. I sincerely Federal control through the Interstate Commerce Commission and at­ hope the Committee on Invalid Pensions will give early and tendant legi' lation. Out of this grew coordination of rail and water favorable consideration to this bill or to a . imilar bill that ti·ansportation rates, with great adva.ntages to the shippers by reason will give relief to these widows who are entitled to receive of through bills of lading, with apportionment of rate to each caiTier, such relief. whether by land or water. The opening of the Panama Canal has brought about serious compe­ THE l~EASilllLITY 011' AMERICAN l'.A.IIJtOADS El'\GAGIXG I~ WORLD SHil'l'lNG tition in transcontinental business for the railroad . The appropria­ tion of public moneys for the building of that waterway carried with Mr. DAVIS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to extend it legislation calculated to guarantee this means of competitive ship my remarks in the RECORD upon tbe merchant marine, and to and railroad operations, since railroads may not own coastwis0 ton­ include therein a statement by Mr. Hurley, a former meml>Cl.-of nage. The Southern Pacific was allowed to retain its New York to tire Shipping Board, bearing on the ncquirement nnd operation New Orle::lUs ship line as a feede1· for its main line largaly because tllat by American railroads of shills to engage in foreign commerce. ship line was almost entirely built up with the support of the Southern The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Pacific rail lines. There was no objection. Althou~h tile railroads are thus made ]{Cenly aware of the cheapness 1\fr. DAVIS. Mr. Speaker, I baYe freque-ntly urged the im­ ot water carriage as compared with land transportation, it is douLtful portance and advantage of connecting rail and ocean trarJs­ whether any railroad authority bas ever made a real study of the portation, and the adoption of a uniform throngb export anti relative costs. A freight vessel of 10,000 tons burrlen transports tile import bill of lading between connecting rail and ocean carriers. equivalent of 10 full-size trainloads. It operates without the cost of I ha\e also suggested the feasibility of United States railroads franchise, capital charges for roaclbed, right of way, signals, or heavy engaging in foreign ocean shipping. In a recent letter to the taxes paid to States. United States Shipping Board Hon. Edward N. Hurley_, of A scientific study of the strategic value of steamship connections Chicago, discussed this subject in a most illuminatiY~ manner. to the Southern Pacific might reveal some factors of the greatest :ur. Hurley was the war-time chaii·man of the United States importance to the officials and directors uf our eastern and other trunk Shipping Board, has given a great deal of study to an Ameri­ lines. But even more illuminating would be a stucly of the great ti·unk can merchant marine, and has written seYeral books upon this line operated by the Canadian Pacific. No railroad in A.merica has ancl kindr-ed subjects. made greater progress in a given period of its existence, and this in Under lea\e granted to do so, I quote from l\Ir. Hurley's letter spite of the fact that this line traverses thou ands of miles of aluJO -·t to the Shipping Board, as follows: uninhabited territory and but little developed land. Its vast fleets of WHY RAILROADS SHOULD L'\'GAGK IN WORLD SHIPPI::'\G great steamships plying on both the Pacific and the Atlantic have been no inconsiderable factor in this success. Its experience points an As a manufacturer interested in overseas trnde I wish to present some object lesson to other American railways. suggestions as to bow our Government may be helpful in establishing a Let us now consider some of the elements with respect to which the pe1·manent merchant marjne, which it must have if its industries are railroad as a steamship owner and operator may favorably affect the to meet the increasing competition for world trade and which also will cost factor in ocean tt·ansportation. First of all, in the matter or help build up our national defense. freight solicitation : The Luckt'nbach Steamship Co. has made the The railroads· of our counti·y are ;itally interested in foreign trade, statement that 22 per cent of its gross revenue is directly chargeable as by its increase or decrease their tonnage and earnings are directly to the expense of solicitation. This ratio is verified by other steamship affected. Ninety per cent of aU passenger and freight business for companies. Every railroad maintains solidtalion agl•nts in every city, overseas emanates from the interior and is carried to our ports by the town, and hamlet in its territory and the &tme facilities would serve railroads. I am submitting for your consideration further reasons why to procure freight for steamship lines as well. The 1nrge trunk lines they should become engaged in overseas shipping in cooperation with also maintain expensive offices in foreign countries, which offices might our present privately owned shipping companies. be similarly utilized without additional expense. As a matter of fact, Railroads could become interested in our overseas shipping either these soliciting facilities already are engaged in helping steamship directly by building and operating ships or indirectly through stock lines engage freight, in order that such freight may be roulcd by cacb ownershlp in American shipping companies that are now carrying our line into its own terminals. foreign commeTce. Fuel takes over 30 per cent of a steamer's gross revenue. Here, There is no law prohibiting any railroad from owning or operating al~o, the railroads serving the t erritory where coal is produced would ships or from holding stock 1n shipping companies engaged in overseas find an added revenue in their direct control o·f ocean carriers. T ermi­ business. Section 11 of the Panama Ca.nal act, which prohibits rail­ nal facilities are maintained already by the trunk lines in l'VCry seaport reads from owning and operating ships in intercoastal trade, should be which they enter; and in most cases these expensive- terminal facilit1e::t repealed. If the railroa(ls become· engaged in world shipping, they shoul£1 a1·e extended without charge to any steamship line which -Loads cargo­ be allowed to participate in intercoastal traffic. moving over the railroad concerned, or which dischat·gcs there. f, 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 983

In a great many of our large ports, notably in New York,. through pealed if it could be shown that the Interests of the shippers and the which moves by far the largest volume of our foreign trade m manu­ public in general would be afeguarded, as they most assuredly can be. factured goods, there is duplication of port facilities to an enormous It is not less likely that the disruption of the intercoastal steamship extent. Both the steamship and railroad companies maintain expensive conference-an event which is threatened momentarily-will eventually wharves and docks and both are served by harbor lighterage facili­ develop ·into a grave menace to the general freight-rate structure of the ties valued at millions of dollars and adding frequently as much as $1 trunk lines of the country. If that occurred, it would set the roada per ton to the cost of moving freight from one terminal to another. back where they were 20 years ago anu tend to undo a great deal of the Much, If not all, of this duplication and excess expense could be elimi­ enlightened legislative provision ulrendy made for sound transportation nated by railroad ownership of steamship lines operating in foreign facilities and avoidance of ftiction with the public. trade. Railroad administrators surely must be aware 0of the delicate nature Absolute control of the cargo to its ultimate destination would enable of their present status, and niust realize that even a slight disturbance the railroad in such ports as New York to eliminate a great deal of of that adjustment would be likely to cause the loss of almo t all the harbor expense, such as lighterage and towage. It would, furthermore, ground that has been gained. A well-conceived project designed t o enable the road to avoid much car "lay up "-one of the most annoying bring about greater coordination of rail and water transportation facili­ expense items to every road. The coordination between rail and water ties would Qe a most u efui factor in serving to strengthen and con­ carriage which would result from railroad ownership of strategic steam­ serve the impregnable position in which railroads are at last placed. ship lines would result not only in enormous savings to the railroads, Doubtless there is little concerning railroad operation practice in but would serve to reduce the cumulative expense which shippers or· Europe the study of which would serve to improve railroad efficiency con ignees must eventually absorb. in America; but Europeans can teach us much in the matter of The railroad have had a very expensive object lesson in the com­ eliminating the obstacles to close and effective cooperation between parative cost of ocean transport as against rail carriage. Until quite land and water carriers. Highly developed port and terminal facilities recently rail carriers found that freight from points as far west as St. are made to serve jointly the railroads and steamship lines in all of Paul, destined for the Pacific coast, was routed to the Atlantic seaboard the greatest ports of England and the Continent. Railroads in England for transshipment via intercoastal steamship lines through the Panama control channel tonnage in trade with Ireland, Holland, France, and Canal. Obviously shippers and consignees did not reconcile themselves Belgium. The Swedish State railways and the Danish State railways to the extm long period of transit without having· a compensating ad­ control deep-water tonnage tt·ading in the Baltic, all with advantage vantage in greatly reduced freight costs. In other words, intercoastal to the public and to themselves. steamship lines could, in e1'l'ect, absorb the cost of a rail haul one-third The past 15 years have witnessed a notable change in the manner to one-half as great as that on direct rail delivery, then make a water of handling some of our basic commodities in foreign trade. The haul four times as long as the direct rail haul, and could still under­ great industrial companies in America controlling oil, steel, sulphur, quote the railroads on their direct haul. lumber, coal, nitrate, motors, fruit, sugar, etc., have acquired ocean The chief factor contributing to this .cheap transportation to the shipping facilities operating in foreign trade as well as coastwise and Pacific coast was the Panama Canal. Another factor was the building intercoastal trade. These industrial companies sell water transpor­ of our great war-time fleet-some fifteen hundred freight steamers having tation on a wholesale basis, applying the same principle as is now so been built by the Government, a very large number of which have since successfully used for mass production in manufacturing. However, passed into private hands. These steamers were sold at prices in this places the smaller manufacturers of such commodities as can not some cases far less than the cost of a new locomotive. Many others be so standardized or are not manufactured on a vast scale at a dis­ are still available to private purchasers at similarly low prices, and a advantage with respect to deliveries in foreign markets. nttle foresight on the part of railroods wlll lead to an appreciation of This situation affords a strategic opportunity for the railroads to the unique opportunity which awaits them. come to the relief of these small shippers and othel'S who control no Tl1e shipping act of 1920 mandates the Shipping Board to develop shipping of their own. By so doing they not only would materially port facilities, with a view to the expansion of American commerce. advance ·their own interests, but they would render an important Yet it is obvious that merely running steamers into and out of a public service. It vast aggregations of capital centered in a singlP. port does not create commerce. The real creators of our commerce industrial enterprise may legitimately increase its control over foreign are the carriers which have niade our ports. In the beginnings of our markets by engaging in the steamship business, why may not a . railroad · industrial expansion it was the Erie Canal which gave New York its offer equal advantages to the thousands of smaller shippers on its first great impetus. It was a similar rivalry, so generated, which line whose existence and pro&'!>erity are. largely involved with the spurred the people of .Baltimore to create and develop the Baltimore fortunes of the railroads? & Ohio Railway. It was the people of PhiladelpWa who gave the It is pertinent to point out that this country has outgrown its. Pennsylvania system its first ·backing. New York holds its supremacy . waddling clothes in the matter of intern.ational contacts. Twenty as a port largely because of the fact that four great trunk lines make years ago only 5 per cent of our total production of all agricultural, that port their main terminal. manufactured, and mineral commodities entered into foreign trade, There are certain systems that enjoy a preferential position with and of those the greater part was raw materials or food supplie ·. regard to freight movements of goods entering into foreign commerce We are confronted to-day with the necessity of finding market:! abroad by reason of highly lucrative territory which they cover. These rail­ for our manufactured goods in tremendous quantitie , with a surplus roads could, with great profit to themselves and to the country, partici­ which can not possibly be consumed at h1>me. Industrial capacity pate in the ownership of ocean tonnage. They could not only reduce already under power could produce an enormous exportable surplus. costs, as above pointed out, but they could readjust their rate structures We are fast approaching the economic and indu.sbial condition of such to meet the needs of exporters in certain highly competitive fields. countries as England, Belgium', a.nd Holland, of whose production from •.rransportation could be made, as it were, an exportable commodity 50 to 75 per cent enters into foreign trade. It is that economic con­ and be sold on a large scale and on a sound economic ba. is. dition which has forced Great Britain to be a great ea power in re­ OPPORTUNITY RIPE FOR RAILROADS spect of her transportation. The same is tl'Ue of Germany. 1.'he first American railroad in this country to give this subject the A merchant marine has not been a real necessity to America in the scientific inquiry and study which it deserves will grasp the opportunity past, but the time is not far ahead whl'n the same forces which oper­ to ma~te itself the premier rail system of the Nation. It will attain ated through the usual course of business expediency to encourag"' the same relative preeminence which is enjoyed by the Canadian Pacific. ship operation on the high seas in the nations of Europe, both great Such a railroad will find on ~examination that construction costs in and small, will force American busine s to compete with the foreign American shipyards are to-day from 25 to 35 per cent greater than tleets of the world. It will not be a matter of academic theory. It costs in foreign yards. They will find also that the Government is not will come to us as it did to them-a matter of self-preservation and of unwilling to sell good ocean-freight bottoms at a cost of about six to sound business expediency. No set of men, no combination of in­ eight dollars per dead-weight ton-tonnage which would cost from six terests, and no other organized enterpri e is so well fitted to take up to eight times more if purchased in foreign or American yards. The this task of transportation on the seven seas at this time as are our rn.ilroad would thus have an initial capital cost well below its foreign American railroads. competitors, being placed in a position of receiving an inducement in It is perhaps unbecoming to any steamship man to admit inefficiency the form of low interest on capital charges. in his own line of business; but the fact is that few if any steamship , Several railroad mergers already have been consummated, and plans companies operating, whether in America or elsewhere in the world. tor even greater amalgamations are now awaiting action by the Inter­ ever have made a really scientific study of rate classification. A state Commerce Commiflsion. Were one of these mergers to contemplate greM: deal of money is lost by steamship owners everywhere because including in their unified ownership and control a substantial steamship they do not follow a sound and scientific system of rate making. It js operation .for European service, there can be no doubt that it would a fact proven beyond hope of contradiction that American railway prove of great inter(>st to Congress, the Interstate Commerce Commission, management, working in conjunction with the experts of the Inter­ and the public. state Commerce Commission, have developed the work of rate schedule . It is equally probable that the Panama Canal act prohibiting the op­ making into an exact science. In this respect, also, the railroads can eration of railroad·owned tonnage through that waterway would be re- contribute much toward increasing net return from steamship operation. CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY~ In conclusion, and by way of summary, let me say: mended therefrom by the Secretary of the Interior for the benefit American railroads may legitimately and with material ad"\""antage of Indians, and estimates of amounts required to be expended to themselves and to the Nation at large engage in the ocean steamship under treaty stipulations and agreements for the fiscal year business for these following reasons : ending June 30, 1929 ; to the Committee on Expenditures in First. American public policy no longer is inimical to a reasonable the Executive Departments. expansion of railroad activities beyond the immediate sphere of their 258. A letter from the Secretary of the 'l'reasury, h·ausmitting. present operations. communication from the e:xecuti\e officer, Office of the Supervis­ Second. Congress is correctly interpreting the temper of the American ing Architect, Treasury Department, ubmitting a report ot people with re~pect to amalgamations, toward a fair return on capital rental collections on account of public buildings and sites, iJl>ested in railway enterprise, and any soundly conct>ivel.l plan to make prhilege8, and ground rent; to the Committee on Expenditures eten more secure the prosperity of the railroal.ls, while at the same in the Executive Departments. time securing a more economic and efficient system of coorainating rail 259. A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting with water transportation. detailed report of the expenditures under the appropriation Thira. Railroad management and experience in efficient organization " Preventing the spread of epidemic diseases," for the fiscal year can bring to the steamship business in America a cost-reaucing factor ended Jtme 30, 1927; to the Committee on Expenditures in which is foreign to anything now known in American steamship the E:xecuttre Departments. experience. Fourth. Any one of the great trunk lines, with vast terminal facili­ 260. A letter from the Secretary of Wart transmitting report ties in New York and other seaboard cities, can utilize such facilities from the Chief of Engineers on preliminary examination o~ through its own steamship operations with attendant savings to shippers Raritan Bay and Raritan River, N. J. (H. Doc. No. 127) ; to the and with profit to itself. Committee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed, Fifth. By availing itself of the opportunity to purchase Government with illustrations. tonnage at prices so low as to be almost nominal, a railroad may very 261. A communication from the President of the United · materially appreciate its capital structme and increase its earning States, transmitting supplemental estimate of appropriation foli power, with eomparatively slight capital interest charges. the Department of State for the fiscal year 1929 for publishing Sixth. By reason of the present political exigencies which demand the ascertainment of electors for President and Vlce President, . amounting to $2,000 (H. Doc. No. 128) ; to the Committee on upbuilding of an American merchant maxine and the maintenance of 1 ship lines in foreign trade, a railroad engaging in such enterpri6e may Approp1iations and ordered to be printed. fortify itself by gaining the support of Congress, of the executive branch 2b"'2. A communication from the President of the United of the Federal Go;ernment (and especially of the public and the Inter­ States, transmitting supplemental estimate of appropriation for, · state Commerce Commission), not only with respect to such enterprise the fiscal year 1929 for the Bureau of Immigration, Department: but in the matter of rail consolidations which may be linked up with of Labor, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1929, amounting I the mergers. to $235,000 (H. Doc. No: 129); to the Committee on Appro­ Seventh. Finally, in view of the opening up of a new era with respect priations and ordered to be printed. to foreign commerce expansion wherein the United States is cel."tain 263. A communication from the President of the United to· make pheonomenal strides in obtaining markets abroad for manu­ States, transmitting supplemental estimate of approptiation for. , factures already being produced in very great excess of our own do­ the Department of State for the fiscal year 1929, to be imme-­ mestic demand, railroads are all'orded an unique opportunity to gain

Mr. JOHNSON of lllinois: Committee on Military Affairs. (Rept~ No. 109). Referred to the Committee of the Whole H. R. 3400. A bill to correct the military record of Andrew B. House. Ritter; without amendment (Rept. No. 88). Referred to the Mr. GLYl\TN: Committee on l\Iilitary .Affairs. H. R. 6007. Committee of the Whole House. A bill for the relief of John Magill; without amendment (Rept. Mr. JAMES: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 3466. No. 110). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. A bill for the relief of Geoi·ge A. Winslow ; without amendment Mr. FISHER: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 6162. (Rept. No. 89). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. .A. bill for the relief of Thomas l\1. Ross; without amendment Mr. FISHER: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 3467. (Rept. No. 111). Referred to the Committee of the Whole A bill for the relief of Giles Gordon; without amendment (Rept. House. No. 90). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. Mr. HILL of Alabama: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. Mr. REECE : Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 3510. A 6180. A bill for the relief of William H. Armstrong ; without bill to authorize the President, by and with the advice and amendment (Rept. No. 112). Referred to the Committee of the consent of the Senate, to appoint Capt. George E. Kraul a Whole House. captain of Infanb·y, with rank from July 1, 1920; without Mr. JOHNSON of Illinois: Committee on Military Affairs. amendment (Rept. No. 91). Referred to the Committee of the H. R. 6185. A bill for the relief of Thomas Jefft!rson Shrop­ Whole Hou e. shire; without amendment (Rept. No. 113). .Referred to the Mr. BOYLAN: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. .3969. Committee of the Whole House. A bill for the relief of James E. We tcott; without amendment Mr. JOHNSON of Illinois: Committee on Military Affairs. (Rept. No. 92). Referred to the Committee of the Whole H. R. 6282. A bill for the relief of Henry Shull ; without House. amendment (Rept. No. 114). Referred tQ the Committee of the Mr. FISHER: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 4079. Whole House. · A bill for the relief of William A. Hynes ; without amendment Mr. SPEAKS: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 6438. (Rept. No. 93). Referred to the Committee of the Whole A bill for the relief of David Parrett; without amendment House. (Rept. No. 115). Referred to the Committee of the Whole Mr. FISHER : Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 4080. A House. bill for the relief of William Smith; without amendment (Rept. Mr. REECE: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 6442. No. 94). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. A bill for the relief of Ralph H. Lasher, whose name appears in Mr. GLYNN: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 4104. A the Army records as Ralph C. Lasher; without amendment bill to correct the military record of James William Cole; with­ (Rept. No. 116). Refen-ed to the Committee of the Whole out amendment (Rept. No. 95). Referred to the Committee of House. the Whole House. Mr. REECE: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 4168. Mr. GLYNN: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 1530. A A bill for the relief of John Strevy (deceased) ; without amend­ bill to amend the military record of William F. Wheeler; with­ out amendment (Rept. No. 131). Referred to the Committee of ment (Rept. No. 96). Referred to the Committee of the Whole the Whole House. House. Mr. REECE: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 4652. Mr. SPEAKS : Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 5380. A blll for the relief of Charlie R. Pate; with an amendment A bill to correct the military record of G. W. Gilkison; without (Rept. (R~pt. No. 97). Referred to the Committee of the 'Vhole amendment No. 132). lleferrcd to the Committee of the House. Whole House. Mr. REECE: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 4654. Mr. JOHNSON of Illinois: Committee on Military Affairs. A bill for the relief of Kennedy F. l!"oster; without amend­ H. R. 5383. A bill to correct the military record of John W. ment (Rept. No. 98). Referred to the Committee of the Whole Siple; without amendment (Rept. No. 133). Referred to the House. Committee of the Whole House. Mr. REECE: Committee on Military .Afl'airs. H. R. 4655. A bill for the 1·elief of David E. Goodwin; without amendment (Rept. No. 99). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House. CHANGE OF REFERENCE 1\Ir. REECE: Committee on l\Ii1itnry Affairs. H. R. 4660. Under clause 2 of Rule XXII, committees were discharged A bill to correct the military record of Charles Fl. Lowe; with from the consideration of the following bills, which were re­ an amendment (Rept. No. 100). Referred to the Committee of ferred as follows : the Whole House. A bill (H. R. 934) for the relief of Maruice J. Keegan; Com­ Mr. REECE: Committee on MiJitnry Affnirs. H. R. 4t361. mittee on Military Affairs discharged, and referred to the Com­ A bill to correct the military record of William Mullins; with­ mittee on Naval Affairs. out amendment (Rept. No. 101). Referred to the Committee of A bill (H. R. 1538) to amend the naval recoo:d of Walter tlle Whole House. Joseph Can·oll; Committee on Military Affairs discharged, and Mr. REECE: Committee on :Military Affairs. H. R. 4663. referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. A bill authorizing the President to appoint J. H. S. Morison to A. bill (H. R. 2190) granting an honorable discharge to J. H. the position and rank of major, Medical Corps, in the United Hulse; Committee on Military Affairs discharged, and referred States Army; without amendment ( Rcpt. No. 102). Referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. to the Committee of the Whole House. A bill (H. R. 5215) for the relief of Frida Steen and lnge­ Mr. CHAPMAN : Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 4902. bright Steen; Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to A bill to correct the military record of Charles Robertson ; with­ the Committee on War Claims. out amendment (Rept. No. 103). Refel'red to the Committee of A bill (H. R. 1586) granting an increase of pension to Emma the Whole House. R. Walters; Committee on Invalid Pen.... tons discharged, and Mr. CHAPMAN: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 5228. referred to the Committee on Pensions. A bill for the relief of Finas l\1. William~ ; without amendment A bill (H. R. 3285) granting a pension to Margaret J. Easter· (Rept. No. 104). Referred to the Committee of the Whole ling ; Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and referred House. to the Committee on Pensions. Mr. SPEAKS: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 5231. A bill (H. R. 7150) for the relief of John Aloysius Kelley; A hill to correct the military record of James Shook; without Committee on Military Affairs discharged, and referred to the a,mendment (Rept. No. 105). Referred to the Committee of the Committee on Naval Affairs. Whole House. A bill (H. R. 7503) granting an increase of pension to David Mr. SPEAKS: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 5232. Greene; Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and referred A bill to correct the military record of Owen J. Owen; without to the Committee on Pensions. amendment (Rept. No. 106). Referred to the Committee of the A bill (H. R. 7663) granting an increase of pension to Michael Whole House. H. Daly ; Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and re­ Mr. JOHNSON Qf Tilinois: Committee on Military Affairs. ferred to the Committee on Pensions. H. R. 5381. A bill to con·ect the military record of Thomas A bill (H. R. 1410) granting a pension to Katherine H. Nor­ Spurrier; without amendment (Rept. No. 107). Referred to the wood ; Committee on Pensions discharged, and referred to the Committee of the Whole House. Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. BOYLAN: Committee on 1\filitary Affairs. H. R. 5994. A bill (H. R. 3933) granting a pension to Anna L. Myers; A bill for the relief of George 0. Hussey; without amendment Committee on Pensions discharged, and referred to the Com• · (Rept. No. 108). Referred to the Committee of the Whole mittee on Invalid Pensions. House. A bill (H. R. 4941) granting a pension to Phoebe Snow; Com­ Mr. SPEAKS : Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 6006. mittee on . Pensions discharged, and referred to the Committee A bill for the relief of Patrick J. Langan; without amendment on Invalid Pensions. i928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 987 ' A bill (H. R. 7147) granting ail increase of pension to Fidelin tries, to encourage tile industries of the United State,:,. and for Brecette; Comm~ttee on Pensions discharged, and referred to other purposes"; to the Committee on Ways and Means. the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8277) to amend an act entitled "An act A bill (H. R. 7168) granting a pension ·to Maud E. Sparks; to provide revenue, to regulate commerce with foreign coun­ Committee on Pensions discharged, and referred to the Com­ tries, to encourage the industries of the United States, and for mittee on Invalid Pensions. other purposes"; to the Committee on Ways and Means. · A bill (H. R. 7169) granting a pension to Florence G. Melton; Also, a bill (H. R. 8278) to amend an act entitled "An act Committee on Pensions discharged, and referred to · the Com­ to provide revenue, to regulate commerce with foreign coun­ mittee on Invalid Pensions. tries, to encourage the industries of the United States, and for A bill (H. R. 7699) granti)lg an increase of pension to Mar­ other purposes," approved September 21, 1922; to the Committee garet Butler ; Committee on Pensions discharged, and referred on Ways and Means. to -the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8279) to amend an act entitled "An act A bill (H. R. 8183) granting an increase of pension to Thomas to provide revenue, to regulate commerce with foreign coun­ G. Dawson; Committee on Pensions discharged, and referred to tries, to encourage the industries of the United States, and for the Committee on Invalid Pensions. other purposes " ; to the Committee on Ways and Means_ A bill (H. R. 4368) for the relief of Claude Bell ; Committee By Mr. COLTON: A bill (H. R. 8280) conferring jurisdiction on Claims discharged, and referred to the Committee on Ways upon the Court of Claims to hear, adjudicate, and render judg­ and Means. ment in claims which the northwestern bands of Shoshone In­ · A bill (H. R. 6700) for the relief of William Meyer; Commit­ dians may ·have against the United States; to the Committee tee on Claims discharged, and referred to the Committee on on Indian Affairs. War Claims. , By Mr. ARENTZ (by request) : A bill (H. R. 8281) to pro­ A bill (H. R. 6896) for the relief of the Alaska Products Co. ; vide for the withdrawal of certain described lands in the Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to the Committee State of Nevada for the use and benefit of the Indians of the on Ways and Means. Walker River Reservation; to the Committee on Indian Affairs.· A bill (II. R. 7383) for the relief of Charlotte Robenalt; Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 8282) to provide for the Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to the Committee permanent withdrawal of certain lands bordering on and ad­ on War Claims. jacent ot Summit Lake, Nev., for the Paiute, Shoshone, and A bill (H. R. · 7487) for the relief of the estate of Henry E. other Indians ; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. Lawrence ; Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to the By Mr. COCHRAN of Missouri: A bill (H. R. 8283) to en-. Committee on War Claims. force the fourth and fifth amendments to the Constitution of A bill (H. n. 7539) for the relief of William Roderick Dorsey; the United States, and for other purposes; to the Committee Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. on Foreign Affairs. By Mr. CURRY: A bill (H. R. 8284) to authorize the payment of amounts appropriated by the Legislature of Alaska on ac­ A bill (H. R. 7775) for the relief of Sues de L. Villamil & count of additional duties imposed upon r.rerritorial officials; Co., of San Juan, P. R.; Committee on Claims discharged, and to the Committee on the Territories. referred to the Committee on 'Vays and Means. _ By Mr. GARDNER of Indiana: A bill (H. R. 8285) to amend A bill (H. R. 7972) for the relief of Nicholas Andrew Brown; section 4 of the act of May 1, 1920, to revise and equalize rates Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to the Commit­ of pensions to certain soldiers, sailors, and marines of the tee on Naval Affairs. Civil War and the war with Mexico, to certain widows, includ­ A bill (H. R. 7976) for the relief of Mrs. 1\Ioore L. Henry; ing widows of the War of 1812, former widows, dependent Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to ilie Committee parents, and children of such soldiers, sailors, and marines, and on Naval Affairs. to certain Army nurses, and granting pensions and increase of A bill (II. R. 7979) for the relief of Bessie Greene; Committee pensions in certain cases; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. on Claims discharged, and referred to the Committee on ~aval By Mr. HOPE: A bill (H. R. 8286) to authorize the sale of Affairs. certain lands near Garden City, Kan.; to the Committee on: the. A bill (H. R. 8188) for the relief of Gilpin Construction Co.; Public Lands. Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to the Committee By Mr. HOUSTON of Delaware: A bill (H. R. 8287) granting on Naval Affairs. the consent of Congress to Stranahan, Harris & Oatis, a cor­ poration organized under the laws of the State of Ohio, and PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Edward Ball, of the county of Duval, State of Florida, and their successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, public bills and resolutions were bridge across the Delaware River; to the Committee on Inter­ introduced and severally referred as follows : state and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. SHREVE: A bill (H. R. 8269) making appropriations By Mr. HUDSPETH: A bill (H. R. 8288) to authorize an ap­ for the Department of State and Justice and for the judiciary propriation for the purchase of land adjoining Fort Bliss, Tex. ; and for the Departments of Commerce and Labor for the- fiscal to the Committee on Military Affairs. year ending June 30, HJ29, and for other purposes ; committed to By Mr. JOHNSON of Washington: A bill (H. R. 8289) to the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union. provide for bailiffs and criers of the United States district By Mr. MAcGREGOR: A bill (H. R. 8270) to amend section courts; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 52 of the Judicial Code of the United States; to the Committee By Mr. LAMPERT: A bill (H. R. 8290) to amend the act on the Judiciary. entitled "An act to provide revenue to regulate commerce in Also, a bill (H. R. 8271) permitting Indians of the Six foreign countries, and to encourage the industries in the United Nations born in Canada to pass and repass the borders of the States, and for other purposes," approved September 21, 1022; United States; to the Committee on Immigration and Natu­ to the Committee on Ways and Means. ralization. By 1\Ir. LEAVITT (by departmental request): A bill (H. R. By Mr. SCHAFER: A bill (H. R. 8272) to amend the act 8291) to amend section 1 of the act of June 25, 1910 (36 Stat. entitled "An act to provide revenue, to regulate commerce in L. p. 855), "An act to provide for determining the heirs of deceased foreign countries, and to encourage the industries in the United Indians, for the disposition and the sale of allotments of de.. States, and for other purposes," approved September 21, 1922; ceased Indians, for the leasing of allotments, and for other to the Committee on Ways and Means. purposes " ; to the Committee ori Indian Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 8273) to amend the act entitled "An act to Also (by departmental request), a bill (H. R. 829-2) to reserve admit to the United States, and to extend naturalization privi­ 120 acres on the public domain for the use and benefit of the leges to, alien veterans of the World War," approved May 26, Koosharem Band of Indians. residing in the vicinity of 1926; to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Koosharem, Utah; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. By Mr. MORROW: A bill (H. R. 8274) to provide for the Also (by departmental request), a bill (H. R. 8293) to amend acquisition of a site and erection thereon of a public building an act entitled "An act for the relief of Indians occupying rail­ at Taos, N. Mex.; to the Committee on Public Buildings and road lands in Arizona, New 1\Iexico, or California," approved Grounds. March 4, 1913 ; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. By Mr. GOODWIN: A bill (H. R. 8275) to authorize the erec­ Also, a bill (H. R. 8294) authorizing appropriation of f11nds tion of additional buildings to the United States Veterans' for the construction of a highway from Red Lodge, Mont., to Bureau hospital at Fort Snelling, Minn., and to authorize the the b-oundary of the Yellowstone National Park near Cooke appropriation therefor; to the Committee on World War Vet­ City~ Mont. ; to the Committee on Roads. erans' Legislation. Also, a bill (H. R. 8295)_ for the appointment of an additional Also, a bill (H. R. 8276) to amend an act entitled "An act ·circuit judge for the ninth judicial cfrcuit; to the Committee on to provide revenue, to regulate commerce with foreign coun- the Judiciary. 988 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-HOUSE JANUARY '4 By Mr. MEAD: A bill (H. R. 8296) to amend an aet entitled Regular Army of such persons as would have been eligible "World War "\"eterans' act, 1924," as amended, approved June therefor but for the interruption of their status, caused by 7, 1924; to the Committee on World War Veterans' Legislation. military service rendered by them as commissioned officers dur­ . By Mr. OLDFIELD: A bill (H. R. 8297) to amend subsection ing the World War; to the Committee on Military Affairs. 1 B of section 302 of the World War adjusted compensation act; By Mr. SMITH: A bill (H. R. 8315) to amend an act en­ to the Committee on Ways and Means. titled "An act for the retirement of employees in the classified By l\Ir. STALKER: A bill (H. R. 8298) authorizing acquisi­ civil service, and for other purposes," approved May 22, 1920, · tion of a site for the farmers' produce market, and for other and acts in amendment thereof; to the Committee on the Civil ' purposes ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Service. Also, a bill (H. R. 8299) to provide for the acquisition, Also, a bill (H. R. 8316) for the relief of desert-land entry­ improvement, equipment, manage~ent, operation, maintenance, men under the C1·ystal Lake Irrigated Lands Co., Jefferson and disposition of a civil air field and any appurtenances, inclu­ County, Idaho; to the Committee on the Public Lands . . sive of repairs, lighting and communication systems, and all By Mr. KNUTSON: A bill (H. R. 8317} providing for a per structures of any kind deemed necessary and useful in connec­ capita payment of $50 to each enrolled member of the Chip­ tion therewith; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. pewa Tribe of Minnesota from the funds standing to their Also, a bill (H. R. 8300) to provide for the acquisition, credit in the Treasury of the United States; to the Committee · impro"\"ement, equipment, management, operation, maintenance, on Indian Affairs. and disposition of a civil air field and any appurtenances, inclu­ Also, a bill (H. R. 8318) to promote civilization and self­ sive of repairs, lighting and communication systems, and all support among the Chippewa Indians in the State of :Minne- . structures of any kind and deemed necessary and useful in sota, and to carry into effect the provisions of the act of Janu­ connection therewith ; to the Committee on the District of ary 14, 1S89 (.25 Stat. L. p. 642) ; to the Committee on Indian Columbia. Affairs. By Mr. SMITH: A bill (H. R. 8301) to amend the act By Mr. OLDFIELD: A bill (H. R. 8319) providing for the entitled, "An act for the retirement of employees in the classi­ purchase of certain inventi,ons, designs, and methods of aircraft, fied civil service, and for other purposes," approved May 22, aircraft parts, aeronautical and aviation technique of Edwh1 1920, and acts in amendment thereof, approved July 3, 1926 ; to Fairfax Naulty and Leslie Fairfax Naulty, of New York; to the the Committee on the Civil Service. Committee on Patents. By Mr. COLTON: A bill (H. R. 8302) to authorize the issu­ Also, a bill (H. R. 8320) providing for the purchase of certain , ·ance of patent for lands containing gold., silver, cinnabar, lead, inventions, designs, and methods of ail:craft, aircraft parts, tin, copper, or other valuable deposits, and for other purposes; aeronautical and a'iation technique of Edwin Fairfax Naulty · to the Committee on the Public Lands. and Leslie Fairfax ~aulty, of New York; to the Committee on , By Mr. CRAMTON: A bill (H. R. 8303) to amend section 200 Patents. of an act entitled "An act to consolidate, codify, revise, and , reenact the laws affecting the establishment of the United States By Mr. BOYLAN: A bill (H. R. 8321) to authorize the Prcsi- , Veterans' Bureau and the administration of the war risk insur­ dent of the United States to take temporary control of and ance act, as amended, and the vocational rehabilitation act, as operate anthracite and bituminous coal mines in certain cmer- 1 amended," approved June 7, 1924; to the Committee on World gencies; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. w·ar Veterans' Legislation. By Mr. DYER: A bill (H. R. 8322) providing for the 1 By Mr. LUCE: A bill (H. R. 8304) to establi'5h a separate garnishment of and levy of execution on wages and salai'Y of · classification of mail matter and more equitable postal rates for civil employees of the United States ; to the Committee on the , on the Judiciary. books ; to the Com~ttee on the Post Office and Post Roads. By Mr. MADDEN: A bill (H. R. 8305) to authorize and Also, a bill (H. R. 832-3) to increase the salaries of the di1·ect the Secretary of War to execute a lease with Air Nitrates Assistant Attorneys General ; to the Committee on the Judiciary. , Corporation and American Cyanamid Co., and for other pur­ By 1\Ir. JOHNSO~ of Oklahoma: A bill (H. R. 8324) to amend poses ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. the 'Yorld War adjusted compenBation act, approved 1924, as . By Mr. UNDERfiLL: A bill (H. R. 8306) to provide . a amended; to the Committee on Ways and Means. complete code of insurance law for the District of Columbia Also, a bill (H. R. 8325) to amend the World War veterans' · (excepting marine insurance as now provided for by the act act, approved June 7, 1924, as amended; to the Committee on of March 4, 1922, and fraternal and benevolent insurance ·world War Veterans' Legislation. associations or orders as provided for by the act of March 3, Al~o, a bill (H. B. 8326) to authorize the construction of a 1901), and for other purposes; to the Committee on the District dormitory at Riverside Indian School at Anadarko, Okla. ; to of Columbia. the Committee on Indian Affairs. By l\lr. HAWLEY: A bill (H. R. 8307) to amend section 5 By Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota: A bill (II. R. 8327) for of the act approved June 9, 1916 . (39 Stat. L. 218), so as to the relief of certain members of the Navy and Mal"ine Corps authorize the sale of timber on class 3 of the Oregon & who were discharged because of misrepresentation of age; to California Railroad and Coos Bay wagon-road grant lands; the Committee on Naval Affairs. to the Committee on the Public Lands. Also, a bill (H. R. 8328) to aid the department memorial com­ By Mr. MORIN: A bill (H. R. 8308) to amend section 15 mittee in the observance of Memorial Day; to the Committee on . of the national defense act as amended by the act of June 4, Military Affairs. 1920, so as to provide a more equitable sy tem of promotion Also, a bill (H. R. 8329) to provide further for the national for Army cl1aplains, and for other purposes; to the Committee ecurity and defense ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. on Military .Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 8330) regulating the pay of reserve and Also, a bill (H. R. 8309) to amend an act entitled "An act National Guard officers when called to active duty ; to the com- ' to prohibit the unauthorized weanng, manufacture, or sale mittee on Military Affairs. of medals and badges awarded by the War Department," Also, a bill (H. R. 8331) authorizing all retired enlisted men approved February 24, 1923; to the Committee on Military who were on active-duty status during the period of the war Affairs. with Germany and who did not serve as commissioned officers By Mr. ZIHLMAN: A bill (H. R. 8310) for the further pro­ to be returned to the retired list and to receive the full pay and tection of fish in the District of Columbia, and for other allowances of the grade they held during the war ; to the purposes ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Committee on Military Affair.,. By Mr. ENGLEBRIGHT: A bill (H. R. 8311) to provide for Also, a bill (H. R. 332) to authorize the transfer of the the naming of a mountain or peak within the boundaries of National Homes for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers to the United the Lassen Volcanic National Park, Calif., in honor of Hon. States Veterans' Bureau; to the Committee on Military Affairs. John E. Raker, deceased; to the Committee on the Public Also, a bill (H. R. 8333) to amend the World War veterans' Lands. act of 1924, approved June 7, 1924, as amended; to the Coinmit­ By Mr. ROY G. FITZGERALD: A bill (H. R. 8312) to amend tee on World War Veterans' Legislation. the act of May 1, 1'926 (title 38, sees. 364 to 364 (f), Appendix By Mrs. KAHN: A bill (H. R. 8334) to autboriY.e the installa­ of the Code of the Laws of the United States of America) ; to tion· of heating plants in Infantry barracks, and for other pur­ the Committee on Pensions. poses; to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota: A bill (H. R. 8313) Also, a bill (H. R. 8335) to authorize appropriations for con­ to provide further for the national security and defense ; to the version of barracks into officers' quarters, and for otller pur­ Committee on Military Affairs. poses ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. WURZBACH: A bill (H. R. 8314) to amend an act Also, a bill (H. R. 8336) to authorize a{}propdations for in­ of Congress approved March 4, 1927 (Public, No. 795, 69th stalling gas ranges and water heaters in officers' quarters, and Con g.), to provide for appointment as wal'rant officers of the for other purposes ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. 1928 CONGR.ESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE 989

By 1\Ir. KELLY: A bill (ll. R. 8337) to amend the air mail act By 1\Ir. BROWNE: A bill (H. R. 8348) granting an increase of February 2, 1925, as amended by the act of June 3, 1926; to. of pension to Colin Houchin ; to the Committee on Pensions. the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. Also, a bill (H. R. 8349) for the relief of the Waupaca Golf By l\Ir. McCLINTIC: A bill (H. R. 8338) authorizing and Club for the payment of illegal ta~s ; to the Committee on dil-ecting the Secretary of the Navy to relocate the submarine Claims. base which is now at New London, Conn. ; to the Committee on By Mr. BROWNING: A bill (H. R. 8350) for the relief of Naval Affairs. B. V. Sto\all; to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. NEWTON: A bill (H. R. 8339) authorizing the Seci-e­ By Mr. BUCKBEE: A bill (H. R. 8351) granting an increase tary of the Navy, in his discretion, to deliver to custody of tl1e of p t>nsion to Alice A. Wing ; to the Committee on Invalid Veterans of Foreign \Vars, Department of l\linnesota, the bell Pensions. formerly on the old crui. er Minne-apoUs; to the Committee on By Mr. C.A.:\IPBELL: A bill (H. R. 8352) for the relief of Naval Affairs. Nicholas R. Snyder ; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Mr. R01\IJUE: A bill (H. R. 8340) to amend the World By l\Ir. CAI\'NON: A bill (H. R. 8353) granting a pen ·ion to War adjusted compensation aet, as amended; to the Committee Mary Trower ; to the Committee on In-valid Pensions. on Ways and 1\leans. By Mr. COHEN: A bill (H. R. 8354) granting a pension to By Mr. RAINEY: A bill (H. R. 8341) to amend the national I saac Adler; to the Committee on In-valid Pensions. defense act approved June 3, 1916, as amended; to the Commit­ By Mr. COOPER of Ohio: .A bill (H. R. 8355) granting a tee on Military Affairs. pension to Andrew J. Hankey; to the Committee on Invalid By l\Ir. DOWELL: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 121) to pro­ Pension . v-ide for the expenses of participation by the United States in Also, a bill (H. n. 835G) granting a pension to Catherine .A. the Second Pan American Conference on Highways at Rio de Campbell; to the ComiQ.ittee on Invalid Pensions. Janeiro; to the Committee on Roads. By Mr. COLE of Iowa: A bill (H. R. 8357) granting a pension By 1\Ir. BUTLER: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 122) provid­ to Racllel Young; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ing for a commission to inve •tigate and report upon the facts By l\Ir. COLTO~: A bill (H. R. 8358) for the relief of the connected with the sinking of the submarine S-4 and upon the parents of Wyman Henry Beckstead; to the Committee on method~ and appliances for the protec-tion of submarines ; to Claims. the Committee on Rules. Also, a _hill (H. R. 8359) for the relief of Zion's Cooperative lly l\Ir. McMILLAN: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 124) to 1\Iercantile Institution ; to the Committee on Claims. provide for the transfer of the submarine base from New Lon­ By Mr. COX: A bill (H. R. 8360) granting a pension to don, Conn., to Charleston, S. C.; to the Committee on Naval Garrard Morgan; to the Committee on Pensions. Affair . By Mr. CRAIL: A bill (H. R. 8361) granting a pension to By l\Ir. SEARS of Nebraska: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. William F. Mayers ; to the Committee on Pensions. 125) for the appointment of Bruce J. Newlon, of Nebl'aska, as Also, a bill (H. R. 83G2) granting ~ pension to W. F. Peck; member of the Board of Managers of the National Home for to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.- Disabled Volunteer Soldiers; to the Committee on Military Also, a bill (H. R. 8363) granting a pension to J. H. Woolsey; Affairs. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By 1\Ir. EVANS of California: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. Also, a bill (H. R. 8364) for the relief of Vito Ba ile; to the 126) providing for the cooperation of the United State. in the Committee on Military Affairs. Pacific South west EA-position in commemoration of the landing Also, a bil~ (H. R. 8365) for the relief of Harry C. Hall; to of the Spani h padres in the Pacific Southwest and the opening the Committee on the Civil Service. of the Long Beach, Calif., world port ; to the Committee on Also, a bill (H. R. 836G) for the relief of Joseph Gottlieb ; Ways and Means. to the Committee on War Claims. By l\Ir. HUDDLESTON: Joint re. olution (H. J. Res. 12'7) Also, a bill (H. R. 8367) for the relief of Vercy A. Lead­ directing the Department of Commerce to publish the names of bitter; to the Committee on Claims. heads of families returned at the Secoud, Third, and Fourth . Also, a bill (H. R. 83G8) for the relief of Ida M. Schreiner; Cen ·u. es; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ to the Committee on Claims. merce. Also, a bill (H. R. 8369) for the relief of Josephine Thibo­ By 1\lr. BLOOM: Resolution (H. Res. 73) requesting the deaux; to the CommHtee on Claims. Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Navy to furni8h to Also, a bill (H. R. 8370) for the !'elief ot Jeremiah F. l\Ia­ the Committee on Foreign Affau·s of the House information honey; to the Committee on Military Affairs. concerning the recent fighting in the Republic ot Nicaragua Also, a bill (H. R. 8371) for the relief of the heir of J ohu between the United States marines and ho tile Nicaraguan Buck; to the Committee on War Claims. forces, and for other purpose ; to the Committee on Foreign .Also, a bill (H. R. 8372) to authorize the appointment of Affairs. Capt. l\I. l\1. Cloud, retired, to the grade of colonel, retired, with By l\fr. BOWLING: Resolution (H. Res. 74) to print 2,500 the pay of a major, in the United States Army; to the Com­ copies of the soil survey of Tallapoo ·a County, Ala.; to the mittee on Military Affair~. Committee on Printing. Also, a bill (H. R. 8373) granting an increase of pension to Also, resolution (H. Res. 75) to print 2,500 copies of the soil Florence Moseley; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. survey of .Autauga County, Ala. ; to the Committee on Printing. Also, a bill (H. R. 8374) granting an increase of pension to By 1\Ir. BOYLAN: Re ·olution (H. Res. 76) that the Speaker 1\Iadison l\1. Burnett ; to the Committee on Pensions. of the House of RepresentatiYes appoint a committee to investi~ Also, a bill (H. R. 8375) granting an increase of pension to gate the causes of the present soft-coal sh·ike, and for other .Alice French; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. put·pose ; to the Committee on Rules. Also, a bill (H. R. 8376) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. HULL of Tennessee: Resolution (H. Res. 77) in sup­ James F. Lyons; to the Committee on Pensions. port of general tariff revision; to the Committee on Ways and .Al~o, a bill (H. R. 8377) granting an increase of pension to Means. Evelyn G. Bun·ell; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. DICKINSON of Missouri: .A bill (H. R. 8378) grant­ ing an increase of pension to America Hamilton ; to the Com­ PRIVATE BILLS .A.ND RESOLUTIO~S mittee on Invalid Pensions. Linder clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions By 1\Ir. ELLIOT'"£: A bill (H. R. 8379) granting a pension were introduced and seve1·ally referred as follows: to John J. White; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By l\Ir. ADKINS: A bill (H. R. 8342) granting a pension to By l\Ir. ENGLEBRIGHT: A bill (H. R. 8380) granting an Minnie l\1. Quick ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. increase of pension to Thoma G. Daw on; to the Committee on By Mr. ALDRICH: A bill (H. R. 8343) granting a pension to Invalid Pensions. William J. Kelly; to the Committee on Pensions. By l\Ir. EVANS of California: .A. bill (H. R. 8381) granting a By Mr. BEERS: A bill (H. R. 8344) granting a pension to pension to Peter R. Schug ; to the Committee on Pensions. 1\Iary F. Yan Ormer; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. ROY G. FITZGERALD: A bill (H. R. 8382) for the By Mr. BOWMAN: A bill (H. R. 8345) granting an increase I'elief of Edward J. Hughes; to the Committee on :Military of pension to Minerva Ann l\1cClain ; to the Committee on Affairs. Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8383) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 8346) for the relief of l\lary L. Spring; to Ambrose J. Kuhlman; to the Committee on Pensions. the Committee on Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 8384) granting an increase of pension to By :\Ir. BRIGHAM: A bill (H. R. 8347) granting an increase James Burns King; to the Committee on Pensions. of pen ion to J o ephine L. Pierce; to the Committee on Invalid Also, a bill (H. R. 8385) granting a pension to Chester Leslie Pensions. · Dailey; to the Co~mittee on Pensions. _ . 990 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-HOUSE JANUARY 4 Also, a bill (H. R. 8386) granting an increa. e of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 8423) for the relief of Timothy Hanlph W. Jones; to the Committee on Military Affairs. Malinda McGinnis: to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. .Also, a bill (H. R. 8444) for the relief of Charles F. Getchell; Also, a bill (H. R. 8400) granting an increase of pension to to the Committee on Military .Affairs. l\lary ID. Hollopeter ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By ::\Ir. MoLEOD: A bill (H. R. 8445) for the relief of Peter Also, a bill (H. R. 8407) granting an increase of pension to P. Ca.llill; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Emma E. Petei'S ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. n. 8446) for the relief of John Moore: to By Mr. HOLADAY: A bill (H. R. 8408) granting an increase the Committee on Claim . · of pension to Mariah T. Howell; to the Committee on 'invalid Also, a lJill (H. R. 84-:1:7) for the relief of .Agne Loupinas; to Pensions. the Committee on Claims. By Mr. HOOPER: A bill (H. R. 8409) granting a pension to By Mr. ..1\lA.cGREGOR: A bill (H. R. 8448) granting an in­ Christina Hildinger; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. crease of pen ion to Elizabeth Hastrich; to the Committee on Also, a bill (H. R. 8410) granting a pension to Laura Jane Invalid Pensions. Chrysler ; to the Committee on Pen ions. By Mr. ~fA:-."'LOYE: A bill (H. R. 8449) granting a pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 8411) granting a pension to Ellen Tread­ Etta Horine: to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. well ; to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (II. n. 8450) granting a .pension to Lucy A . .AlJ30, a bill (H. R. 8412) granting a pension to Rose Lapier; Chaney; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to the Committee on Pensions. By Mt·. M.A...:..\SFIELD: A bill (H. R. 8451) granting a pension By Mr. HOPE: A bill (H. R. 841.3) granting a pension to to Sophie Witting Bridge ; to t11e Committoo on Pensions. Joseph N. Shaw; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Al. o, a bill (H. R. 8452) g1·anting a pension to Kittie Bridge By Mr. HUDDLESTON: A bill (H. R. 8414) grunting a pen­ Guynn ; to ilie Committee on P~nsions. . sion to Daniel W. Tidmore ; to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8453) granting a pension to W. L. Rudd; By Mr. HUDSPETH: A bill (H. R. 8415) for the relief of to the Committee on Pensions. G. C. Clegg; to the Committee on Claim.s. By :llr. MA.JOR of Missouri: A bill (H. R. 8454) granting a By Mr. WILLIAM E. HULL: A bill (H. R. 8416) granting an pen ion to Richaru B. Hartley; to the Committee on Invalid increase of pension tQ Philippina Hopler ; to the Committee on Pensions. Invnlid Pensions. By Mr. :MILLIGAN: A bill (H. R. 8455) for the relief of By Ur. .JACOBSTEIN: A bill (H. R. 8417) granting an in­ l\laey Jane PeiTy ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. crease of pension to Mary Power; to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. MONAST: A bill (H. R. 8456) granting an increase Pensions. of pension to Mary Spence; to the Committee on Invalid Pen· Also, a bill (H. R. 8418) granting an inerease of vension to sions. Emily I. Lacey; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By ::\Ir. :MOORE of Kentucky: A bill (H. R. 8457) granting .Also, a bill (H. R. 8419) granting a pension to James .C. a pen .~ ion to Elizabeth Hodge; to the Committee on Pensions. PQinan.; to the Committee on. Invalid Pensions. Al~o, a bill (H. R. 8458) granting a pen:::ion to Mattie J. By Mr. JOHNSON of illinois: A. bill (H. R. 84.20) granting an Kirby ; to the Committee on Invalid Pension . increase of ,pension to Cynthia Shuart; to the Committee on By ~Jr. ::\H..T RPIIY: A bill (II. R. 8-.1:59) granting an increase Invalid Pensions. of pension to Jane Cath·ell; to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. . JOIL..'lSON of Oklahoma: A bill (H. R. 8421.) granting Pcnfd.ons. a pen ion to Catherine A. Miller; to the Committee on Pensions. Alo:;o, a bill (H. R. 8460) granting a pen ion to Grant Cowen; By lli, JO:S:NSON of South Dakota: A bill (H. R. 8422) to the Committee .J)ll Inv.alicl Pen. ions. granting an increa e of pension to John E. Ray; to the Commit-· Also, a -bill (II. n. 461) granting an incren. e of pension tee on Pensions. to Margaret A. Schofield; to the Coinp:Uttee on Invalid Pensions. 1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 991

· By l\1r. · O'CONNELL: A bill (H. ·R. 8462) granting a pension Also, a bill (H; R. 8497) granting an increase of pen ~ ion to to Mildred Griebel ; to the Committee on Pensions. Mary E. McCombs; to the Committee on Invalid Pension.:. By Mr. O'CONNOR of New York: A bill (H. R. 8463) to Also, a bill (H. R. 8498) granting a pension to Angelina carry out the findings of the Court of Claims in the case of Relation; to the Committee on Invalid ·Pensions. Edward I. Gallagher, of New York, administrator of the estate By Mr. SPROUL of Illinois: A bill (H. R. 8499) for the relief of Charles Gallagher, deceased; to the Committee on War of Arthur C. Lueder ; to the Committee on Claims. Claims. By 1\Ir. S'VANK: A bill (H. R. 8500) gmnting an increase of Also, a bill (H. R. 8464) for the relief of Raymond Kelson pension to l\lahala Buckmaster; to the Committee on Invalid Bickman; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Pension . By Mr. OLDFIELD: A bill (H. R. 8465) granting a pen .. ion Also, a bill (H. R. 8501) granting a pension to ·w. F. Johns­ to Cornelia Bronaugh; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ton; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 1 By Mr. PALJ\IER: A bill (H. R. 84G6) granting an increase By l\lr. SWEE'l : A bill (H. R. 8502) granting an increase ot of pension to Tillie Conrad ; to the Committee on Invalid pem;ion to Mary Flanigan; to the Committee ~n Invalid Pen­ Pensions. sions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8467) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 8503) granting an increase of pension to l\Iary 1\I. Freestou ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Margaret Waugh; to the Committee on InvaJid Pensions. By 1\lr. PARh.'"ER: .A bill (ll. R. 8468) granting a pension to By Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado: A. bill (H. R. 8504) for the Annie Hanes; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. relief of A. El. ·work; to the Committee on Claim...,. Also, a bill (II. R. 8469) granting a pension to Beulah J. By 1\Ir. THURSTON: .A bill (H. R. 8505) granting a pension Derry ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to May K. i\Ioon; to the Committee on Invalid -Pension.:. By Mr. RAINEY: A bill (H. R. 8470) granting a pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 8506) granting a pension to Addie 1\Iartin; Andrew Heflin ; to the Committee on Invalid Pen. ·ions. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8471) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 8507) granting an increase of pension to Elizabeth J. Martin; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Maggie Brown; to tbe Committee on Invalid Pen ions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8472) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 8508) granting a pension to Frances Jack­ Sarah Sullins ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. son ; to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8473) granting a pension to Viola Crutch­ By l\lr. TILSON: A bill (H. R. 8il09) for the relief of field; to the Committee on Pensions. Albert 0. Tucker; to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. RAMSEYER: A bill (ll. R. 8474) for the relief of Also. a bill (H. R. 8510) granting an increase of pension to Elmer J. Nead; to the Committee on Claims. Anna K. Vibert ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8475) granting a pension to Charity J. By Mr. TIXKHAM: A bill (H. R. 8511) for the 1·elief of Martin ; to the Committee on Ip.valid Pensions. the .American Foreign Trade Corporation and Fils d'Aslan By ::\Ir. REECE: A bill (H. R. 8-!76) granting an increase of Fresco ; to the Committee on Claims. pension to Florence Bogart; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ By Mr. TREADWAY: A bill (H. R. 8512) granting a pension sions. to Al·chie Harrington; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. AlHo, a bill (H. R. 8477) grunting an increase of pension to By L\'Ir. WARE: A bill (H. R. 81313) granting an increase of Robert J. Jones; to the Committee on-Pensions. pension to Margaret Lawwill; to the Committee on Invalid Also, a bill (H. R. 8478) granting a pension to Mollie Rambo; Pensions. to the Committee on Invalid Pem;ions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8314) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 8479) granting a pension to Alfred C. Sarah A. Burd; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. W'illiam. ; to the Committee on Pensions. By 1\Ir. WELSH of Pennsylvania: A bill (H. R. &315) for the Also, a bill (H. R. 8480) granting a pension to Loyd C. Wolfe; relief of Helen Rixon; to the Committee on Claims. to the Committee on Pension:-:. By Mr. WILLIAMS of Missouri: A bill (H. R. 8316) grant­ Also, a bill (H. R. 8481) granting a pension to Laura ing a pen~ion to Jacob Hindman; to the C~mmittee on Invalid Campbell; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Pensions. By Ml'. SANDERS of Texas: A . bill (H. R. 8482) for the Also, a bill (H. R. 8517) granting a pension to Paralee relief of the heirs of John V. Singer; to the Committee on War Wells; to tbe Committee on Invalid Pensions. Clairnl:l. · By Mr. WILLIAMSON: A bill (H. R. 8518) for the relief By l\fr. SCHA}.,ER: A bill (H. R. 8483) for the relief of of H. C. Lafferty; to the Committee on Claims. Frank Wetyen; to the Committee on Claims. · By Mr. WOOD: A bill (H. R. 8519) for the relief of A. N. · Also, a bill (H. R. 8484) for the relief of Henry Manske, jr.; Worstell; to the Committee on Claims. to the Committee on Naval Affairs. By Mr. WOODRUFF: A bill (H. R. 8520) gra11ting an in­ AI ·o, a bill (H. R. 8485) granting a pension to Charles rrease of pension to Jennette Horton; to the Committee on In­ Osborn ; to the Committee on Pensions. valid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 8486) for the relief of the estate of Frank­ - By Mr. WURZBACH: A bill (H. R. 8521) for the relief ot lin D. Clark; to the Committee on Expenditures in the Execu­ M .. S. Mellett ; to the Committee on Claims. . tive Departments. Also, a bill (H. R. 8522) granting an increase of pension to By :Mr. SELVIG: A bill (ll. R. 8487) to adjudicate the E,mUie Wesche ; to. the Committee on Pensions. claims of homestead settlers on the drained Mud Lake bottom, By Mr. NEWTON: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 123) for the­ in the State of M1nnesota; to the Committee on Claims. relief of Henry A. Bellows; to the Committee on Interstate and By 1\Ir. SINNOT•.r: A bill (H. R. 8488) granting an increase ~.,oreign Commerre. of pension to Edwin M. Barnett ; to the Committee on Pensions. By :Mr. Sl\IITH: A bill (H. R. 8489) granting an increase of pension to Lucinda Bake1·; to the Committee on Invalid Pen- PETITIONS, ETC. sions. · under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were laid AI. o, a bill (H. R. 8490) granting a pension to Henry G. on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows : Shelton; to the Committee on Pen ·ions. · 418. Petition of the Maratime Co., Boston Mass., that Con­ Al:o, a bill (H. R. 8491) for tbe relief of Frank R. Meadow..; gress appoint a committee to adju.-;t the war-debt claims of the and John L. l\fcKown; to the Committee on Irrigation and Maratime Co. against the United States and Allies; to the Com­ Reclamation. mittee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 8492) authorizing the submission to the 419. Petition of city clerk of the city of Chicago, transmitting Court of Claims of the claims of sundry citizens of Idaho for a resolution requesting amendment of the Volstead Act and tak­ damage sustained by reason of the overflow of their land in ing of a referendum vote on the question of the repea 1 of the connection with the construction of the reservoir to irrigate eighteenth amendment to the Constitution of the Fnited States; Jands belonging to the Indians on the F01·t Hall Reservation in to the Committee on the Judiciary. Idaho : to the Committee on Claims. 420. By Mr. ALDRICH: Petition of numerous residents of By 1\fr. SNELL: A bill (H. R. 8493) granting an increa. e of the city of Providence, R. I., against compulsory Sunday observ­ pension to Louise J. Covel; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ ance legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. sions. 421. By Mr. AYRES: Petition of citizens of McPherson, Also, a b-ill (H. R. 8494) granting an increase of pension to Kans., to establish a national academy for training diplomats; Dora A. Hart; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to the Committee on Education. Also, a bill (H. R. 8495) granting a pension to Elmina 422. By Mr. BLOOM: Petition of 1\Ir. A. Roberts, 2118 Light Lalone; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions . . Street, New York City, with other citizens, prote~ting against Also, a bill (H. R. 8496) granting an increase of pension to House bill 78, the Sunday observance bill ; to the Committee 011 CJara J. Crozier; tn the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the District of Columbia. 992 CONGRESSIONAL REOOR.D-HOUSE J .ANU.A:R,Y 4 423. ,Also, petition of Dennis Casey, of 15!> East Sixtieth 443 . .Also, petition of T. W. Starkey, of Caro, Mich., and 33 Stre et, New York City, in favor of repeal of national origins; other residents of that vicinity, urging Congress not to pass any to the Committee on Immigration anu Natru·alization. compulsory Sunday observance bill; to the Committee on the 424. Also, petition of Mr. S. MacDermott, a citizen residing at District of C-olumbia. 159 East Sixtieth Street, New Y01·k City, who, with other peti­ 444 . .Also, petition of Rev. 'William Bekemeier, of Richville, tioners of the United Irish-American Societies of New York, :\!ich., and 88 other residents of that vicinity, protesting against are in f~vor of repeal of the national-origin pronsion; to the the enactment of any and all religious laws favoring one day Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. of the week in preference to another ; to the Committee on the 425. Also, petition of Mr. .A. L. Carlson, 1807 Antony AYenue, District of Columbia. Kew York City, and 195 citizens of New York, prote ting against 445. Al~:;o, petition signed by 3u5 residents of Port Huron House bill 78; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Mich., and Yicinity, urging C~mgre s not to pass any compulsory 426 . .Also, petition of Mr. S. Granquist, 2G8 East One hundred Sunday observance bill; to the committee on the Distri<:t of and eighty-first Street, New York City, and 163 other citizens of Columbia. New York, protesting against Lankford Sunday observance bill 446. By Mr. CROWTHER: Petition made by citizen of (H. R. 78) ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Amsteruam, N. Y., against compulsory Sunday observance (ll. R. 427. By Mr. BRIGIIAl\f: Petition of Walter Hard, Otto C. 78) ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Rennett, and 32 othe~ citizens of Manchester, Vt., urging that 447. Also, petition against compulsory Sunday observance as the first amendment to the Constitution prohibits legislation (H. R. 18), made by the citizens of Canajoharie, N. Y.; to the enforcing observ-ance of any religious institution, Congress is Committee on the Di trict of Columbia. petitioned not to pass House bill 78, or any other national 448. Also, petition made by citizens of Schenectady, N. Y., religious legislation ; to the Committee on the District of against compuisor·y Sunday obseryance (H. R. 78) ; to the Com­ Columbia. mittee on the Distl'ict of Columbia. 428. By Mr. BROWNE: Petition of· citizens of Shawano 449. By Mr. CURRY: Petition of seyeral thousand citizens County, Wis., protesting against House bill 78 and all other of the third district of California, opposing the passage of compulsory Sunday obseiTance legislation ; to the Committee Hou~e bill 78, the Sunday observance bill ; to. the Committee on on ihe District of Columbia. the District of Columbia. 429. Also, petition of citizens of Waupaca Cotmty, Wis., pro­ 4u0. By Mr. DEMPSEY: Petition of citizens of Niagara Falls, testing against House bill 78 and all other coml}ulsory Sunday N. Y., protesting again t tbe enactment of the so-called Sunday ob~eryance legislation; to the Committee on the Distlict of obseryance bill ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Columbia. 451. .Also, petition of citizens of Buffalo, X Y., protesting 430. .Also, petition of citizens of Wood County, Wis., protest­ against the ennctment of the so-called Sunday ob5ervance bill; ing against Honse bill 78 and all other compulsory SundHy­ to the Committee on the District;. of Columbia. obseiTance legislation; to tl1e Committee on the District of 452. Also, petition of citizens of Lockport, N. Y., protesting Columbia. against the enactment of the so-called Sunday observance bill; 431. Also, petition of citizen" of Marathon County, Wis., pro­ to the Committee on the District of Columbia. testing against House bill 78 and nll other compulsory Stmday 453. Also, petition of citizen~ of Buffalo, N. Y., proteAting obserYa.nce legislation; to the Committee on the District or against the enactment of the so~alled Sunday obserV'ance bill ; Columbia. to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 432. Also, petition of citizens of WnushHra County, Wis., pr(}. 454. By Mr. DE ROUEN: Petition of citi;zens of Vinton, La., testing against House bill 78 and all other compulsory Sunday against compul ory Sunday observance ; to the Committee on ob..:ervance legislation; to the Committee on the District of the District of Columbia. Columbia. 453. .Also, petition of citizen of Calcasieu Parish, La., again:t 433. By Mr. BROWNING: Protest again t llouse bill 78, compul ory ~unday obserYance; to the Committee on the Dis· the Lankford bill, or any compul ·ory Sunday (}bservance bill trlct of Columbia. that may have been introduced; to the Committee on the 456. Also, petition of citizt-ns of De Quin<'ey, La.. against com­ District of Columbia. pulsory Sunday ob,·er"Tance; to t.b.e Committee on the District of 434. Also, petition of protest again. ·t Hou e bill 78, the Lank­ Columbia. f(}rd bill, or any compulsory Sunday bills that may or haYe 457. By Mr. DICKINSON of Missouri: Petition prote ting been introduc-ed; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. ngainst the passage of legi~ation in behalf of compulsory Sun­ 43;:). .Also, protest against House bill 78, the Lankford bill, or day observance, particularly House bill 78, by 39 residents of any compulsory Sunday obseryance bill. that may have been Archie, :.\fo.; to the Committee on the Distiict of Columbia. introduced; to the Committee oil the District of Columbia. 458. Also. petition of certain citizens of Ballard, Mo., and 436. By Mr. BULWINKLE: Petition of 136 citizens ot :Meck­ ncinity, protesting against the passage of compulsory Sundny lenbul'g, Catawba, and Burke Coupties, X. C., to Congress not ob...c;;e1,ance legislation, particularly House bill 78 ; to the Com­ to pass House bill 78 or any compuh;ory Sunday obseryance mittee on the District of Columbia. bill ; to the Committee on the District of ColUlllbia. 459. By Mr. ENOLEBRIGIIT: Petition of citizens of Sha ta 437. By ::\Ir. CARLEY: Petition of ::\Ir. J. W. Sand, of 659 County, Calif., protesting against proposed legislation known Fifty-first Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., and GO other citizens of as the Lankford Sunday closing bill for the District of Colum­ Brooklyn, N. Y., opposing the pa sage of the Lankford bill bia; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. (H. R. 78), compulsory Sunday obseiTance bill; to the Com­ 460. Also, petition of citizens of Tehama County, Calif., pro­ mittee on the District of Columbia. testing against the Lankford Suncloy closing bill for the District 438. Also, petition of Mr. 0. J. Dahl, of 640 Fiftieth Street, of Columbia ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Brooklyn, N. Y., and 120 other citizens of Brooklyn, N. Y., op­ 461. Also, petition of citizens of Janesville, Susanville, Wen­ posing the passage of the Lankford bill (H. R. 78), compulsory dal, and Standish, Calif., protesting against the Lankforu Sun­ Sunday ob ~ erTance bill; to the Committee on the District of day closing bill for the District of Columbia; to llie Committee Columbia. on the District of Columbia. 439. Also, petition of Mr. Hans P. Han ·en, of 659 Fifty-first 462. Also, petition of the citizens of Camino, Placerville, Plym­ Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., and 70 other citizens of Brooklyn, outh, and Folsom, Calif., prote ·ting against the Lankford Sun­ N. Y., oppo ing the passage of the Lankford bill (H. R. 78), day closing bill for the District of Columbia; to the Committee compulsory Sunday observance bill ; to the Committee on the on the District of Columbia. District of Columbia. 463. AI ~ o, petition of the citizens of Esmeralda, Calif., pro­ 440. By Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin: Petition of certain resi­ testing against the Lankford Sunday closing bill for the District dents of the first district of Wisconsin, protesting against the of Columbia ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. passage of House bill 78, known as the compulsory Sunday 464. Also, petition of citizens of Sutter Creek, Calif., pro­ observance bill ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. testing against the Lankford Sunday closing bill for the Di trict 441. By Mr. CORNING : Petition of sundry citizens of the of Columbia; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. city of Albany, N. Y., protesting against the passage of House 465. Also, petition of the citizens of lone and Jackson, Calif., bill 78, known as the Lankford bill, relating to Sunday observ­ protesting again t the Lankforu Sunday clo ing bill for the ance in the District of Columbia; to the Committee on the District of Columbia ; to the Committee on: the District of District of Columbia. Columbia. 442. By 1\Ir. CRAMTON: Petition of Floyd 0. Neal, of Akron, 466. Also, petition of citizens of Scott Bar and Fall River Mich., and 13 other residents of that vicinity, urging Congress Mills, Calif., protesting against the proposed Lankford Sundny not to pass any compulsory Sunday observance bill; to the Com­ closing bill for the District of Columbia ; to the Committp,e on ~~ttee on the District of Columbi~J,. the District of Columbia. 1928 CONGRESSIOXAL RECORD-HOUSE 993 467. Also, petition of citizens of Groveland, Calif., protesting Sunday obsen·ance bill; to the Committee on the District of against the Lankford Sunday closing bill for the District of Columbia. Columbia; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 400. Also, petition of citizens of Latah County, Idaho, pro­ 468. Also, petition of citizens of Jackson, Sutter Creek, Mar­ testing against enactment of House bill 78, and any compulsory tell, lone, and Lodi, Calif., p1·otesting against proposed legiflla­ Sunday obscrYance bill; to the Committee on the District of tion known as the Lankford Sunday clo ·ing bill for the Dis­ Columbia. trict of Columbia ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 491. Also, petition of 125 ci1izens of Washington, Adams, and 469 . .Also, petition of citizens of Garden Valley, Kelsey, Gem Countie , Idaho, protesting against enactment of House Georgetown, Coloma, and Greenwood, Calif., p1·otesting again·st bill 78 or any compulrory Sunday obsenance; to the Committee the Lankford Sunday closing bHl for the District of Columbia ; on the Disti·ict of C-olumbia. to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 492. By :Mr. FROTHINGHA:u: Petition of residents of Fox­ 470. Also, petition of citizens of Flournoy, Calif., protesting boro, Mass., protesting against the Lankford compulsory Sunday against legislation known as the Lankford Sunday closing bill observance bilJ,; to ilie Committee on the District of Columbia. for the District of Columbia; to the Committee on the District 493. Also, petition of residents of Brockton, Mass., protesting of Columbia. against the Lankford compulsory Sunday observance bill; to the 471. Also, petition of citizens of :!.\Iount Shasta, Calif., protest­ Committee en the District of Columbia. ing against proposed legislation known as the Lankford Sun­ 494. Also, petition of residents of Brockton, Mass., protesting day dosing bill for the District of Columbia; to the Committee against the Lank~ord compulsory Sunday obsen-ance bill ; to the on the District of Columbia. Committee on the District of Columbia. 472. Also, petition of citizens of Red Bluff, Calif., protesting 405. By ~Ir. GARBER: Letter from F. Bucholz, sergeant, against legislation known as the Lankford Sunday bill for the Troop A, Thirteenth Cavalry, Fort Riley, Kans., indorsing pend­ District of Columl>ia; to the Committee on the District of ing Army legislation known a.s the 25-year retirement bill; to Columbia. the Committee on Military Affairs. 473 . .Also, petition of citizens of Lake City, Calif., protesting 406. Also, resolution of the Yuma Chamber of Commerce, against the compulsory Sunday observance legislation pending; Yuma, Ariz., indo~ing the Swing-Johnson bill ; to the Committee to the Committee on the District of Columbia. on Irrigation and Reclamation. 474. Also, petition of citizens of Standish, Calif., protesting 497. Also, letter from the Scrivner-SteYens Co., wholesale ag-ainst the compulsory Sunday closing legislation pending; to grocers, Oklahoma City, Okla., indorsing the Capper-Kelly bill, the Committee on the District of Columbia. known as the "fair trade act" ; to the Committee on Interstate 475. .Also, petition of the California Development Associa­ and Foreign Commerce. tion, fayoring appropriation for the United States Geological 498. Also, petition protesting against the passage of compul· Suryey and the United States Bureau of Mines; to the Com­ sory Sunday observance legi lation, especially against the pas­ mittee on the District of C-olumbia. sage of House till 78; to the CbseiTnnce legislation; to the Committee on the District of dents of Hartford, Mich., prote ting against the passage of Columbia. House bill 78, or any other bill providing for compulsory Sun­ 529. Also, petition signed by 185 -citizens of Sheboygan County, day observance; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Wis., protesting against any compulsory Sunday observance 548. Also, petition of Mr. Otis Landon and 52 other residents legislation ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. of Hastings, Mich., and vicinity, protesting against the pas­ 030. By Mr. KEARNS: Petition of citizens of New Boston, sage of House bill 78, or any other bill providing for com­ Ohio, against the passage of any compulsory Sunday obseryance pulsory Sunday observance; to the Committee on the District bills ; to the CruuJ:njJ;tee on the District of Columbia. of Colu:ffibj_a~ 1928 CO~ GRESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE 995-

549. Also, petiti~n of Mr. C. N. Keiser and 25 other residents 570. Also, petition signed b:r F. 0. Gob·in, of Yerndale, Minn., of Berrien Springs, Mich., and vicinity, protesting aga.inst the and others, protesting agllinst -<.'Ompuloory Sunday observ-ance passage of House bill 78, or any other bill providing for com­ legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. pulsory Sunday obse1·vance ; to the Committee on the District 571. Also, petition signed by Dr. C. F. Reichelderfer, of of Columbia. Staples, :Minn., and oilier:::, protesting against compulsory Sun· 550. Also, petiti~n of Ir. W. H. ·wakeham and 138 other resi­ day observance Iegi ·lation; to the Committee on the Distiict of dents of Berrien Springs, Mich., and vicinity, protesting against Columbia. the passage of House bill 78, or any other bill providing for com­ 572. Also, petition signed by Urs. J. R. Wilson, of Becida, pulsory Sunday observance; to the CQmmittee on the District Minn., and others, protesting against compulsory Sunday ~b­ of Columbia. servance legislation ; to the Committee on the District of 551. Also, petition of Mr. l:l. Gettig and 29 other residents of Columbia. Bangor, Mich., protesting against the passage of House bill 78, 573. Also, petition sirned by J. E. :Manley, of Staples, Minn., or any other bill providing for compulsory Sunday observ-ance ; and others, protesting against compulsory Sunday observance to the Committee on the District of Columbia. legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. a52. Also, petition of Frank :Marker and three other residents 574. Also, petition signed by Zelia B. .A.yer, of Pillager, Minn., of Benien Springs, 1\fich., protesting against the passage of and others, · protesting against compulsory Sunday observance House bill 78, · or any other bill pToviding for compulsory legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Sunday observance ; to the Committee on the District of Co­ 575. Also, petition signed by Martha I. Gleason, of Remer, lumbia. Minn., and other , protesting against compulsory Sunday ob­ 553. Also, petition of Mr. J. B. McPherson and three other servance legislation; to the Committee on the District of residents of Dowagiac, Mich., and vicinity, protesting against Columbia. the passage of House bill 78, or any other bill providing for 576. Also, petition signed by Mrs. George A. Albrecht, of compulsory Sunday observance ; to the Committee on the Dis­ Pillager, Minn., and others, protesting against compulsory Sun· trict of Columbia. day observance legislation ; to the Committee on the District of 554. Also, petition of Louis Schultz and 10 other resident!:! Columbia. of Douglas, Mich., and vicinity, protesting against the passage 577. By Mr. KORELL: Petition of 1,374 -citizens of Port~and, of IIou...o:e bill 78, or any other bill providing for compulsory Oreg., protesting against the so-called Lankford Sunday bill ; Sunday observance; to the Committee on the District of Co­ to the Committee on the District of Columbia. lumbia. 578. Also, petition of the eight Seventh-Day Adventist 555. By Mr. KIESS: Petition from citizens of Potter County, Churches of P01tland, Oreg., protesting against the so-called ·Pa., protesting against the passage of House bill 78 ; to the Lankford Sunday bill ; to the Committee on the District o:t Committee on the District of Columbia. Columbia. 556. Also, petitions from citizens of Potter and Tioga Coun­ 579. By Mr. LUCE: Petition of citizens of Framingha~ ties, in Pennsylvania, protesting against the passage of Hou e Mass., indorsing bill for the exemption of dogs from vivisection bill 78; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. in the District of Columbia ; to the Committee on the District of 557. By 1\Ir. KINDRED: Resolution of the John J. Dwyer Columb-ia. Post, No. 261, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Long Island City, 580. Also, petition of residents of Natick, Framingham, Wren­ N. Y., protesting against any action which would amend section tham, Walpole, Norfolk, and vicinity, protesting against the • 202, paragraph No. 7, of the World War veterans' act of 1924, passage of House bill 78, relating to Sunday observance in the and known as the Ashurst tubercular amendment by Senator District of Columbia ; to the Committee on the District of Ashurst, of Arizona; to the Committee on World War Veterans' Columbia. Legislation. 581. By Mr. M.AoGREGOR: Petition of James Madison Coun­ 558. By Mr. KING: Petition from Col. L. ,V. Shepherd Post, cil, No. 73, of the Junior Order United American Mechanics of No. 628, Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Illinois, the State of New York (Inc.), in meeting assembled at Buffalo, o.t Quincy, Ill., appealing to Congress asking increased pe-nsion N. Y., on December 12, 1927, demanding the registration of all rating to Civil War veterans and their widows; . to the Com­ aliens in the United States; to the Comlnittee on Immigration mittee on Invalid Pensions. and Naturalization. !>59. Mr. By KNUTSON: Petition signed by Mrs. Blanche 582. By MI'. MAJOR of Missouri: Petitions of citizens of , Gorman, of Blackduck, Minn., and others, protesting against Greene County, Mo., protesting against the passage of legislation 1 compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee providing compulsory Sunday observance ; to the Committee on on the District of Columbia. the District of Columl>ia. 560. Also, petition signed by :Mary Drinkwine, of Staples, 583. Also, petition of certain citizens of Saline County, Mo., , Minn., and others, protesting against compulsory Sunday ob­ asking that soldiers who served 90 days or more in the 1\fissouri servance legislation ; to the Committee on the District of Co­ Enrolled l\filitia be given a pensionable status ; to the Com- · lumbia. mittee on Invalid Pensions. 561. Also, petition signed by Mrs. G. C. Maddock, of Brainerd, 584. Also, petitions of a number of citizens of Saline County, Minn., and others, protesting against compul ory Sunday observ­ Mo., protesting against the enactment of legislation providing ance legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. compulsory Sunday observance ; to the Committee on the 562. Also, petition signed by Will Finn, of Sauk Center, Minn., District of Columbia. and others, protesting against compulsory Sunday observance 585. Also, petitions of a number of citizens of Sedalia, Pettis legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. County, Mo., urging the enactment of legislation increasing the 563. Also, petition signed by B. W. Rantz, of Swanville, Minn., pensions of Civil War veterans and their widows; to the · and othei'S, protesting against comp-ulSOI'Y Sunday observance Committee on Invalid Pensions. legislation ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 586. Also, petition of a number of citizens of Odessa, La- , 564. Also, petition signed by Anna E. Johnson, of Burtrum, fayette County, Mo., m·ging the enactment of legislation grant­ Minn., and others, protesting against compulsory Sunday ob­ ing increases of pensions to Civil Wa.r veterans and their servance legislation ; to the Committee on the District of Colum­ widows ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. bia. 587. By Mr. MAPES : Petition of numerous adult residents of 565 . .Also, petition signed by C. H. Spute, of Glen, Minn., and Coopersville, :Mich., and vicinity. protesting against the enact­ others, protesting against .c-ompulsory Sunday observance legis­ ment of the so-called Sunday observance bill (H. R. 78) or any lation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. other similar legislation ; to the Committee on the Disb.ict of 566. Also, petition signed by Allen Tope, of Eagle Bend, Columbia. Minn., and others, protesting against compulsory Sunday ob­ 588. Also, petition of numerous adult citizens of Grand Rapids, servance IegislatiQ.n ; to the Committee on the District of Colum­ Mich., protesting against the enactment of the so-called Sunday bia. observance bill (H. R. 78) or any other legislation of a similar 567. Also, petition signed by J. C. West~ of Swanville, .Minn., nature ; to the Committee on the Disb.·ict of Columbia. and others, protesting against compulsory Sunday observance 58i). Also~ petition of numerous adult residents of Grand legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Rapids, Grandville, J"enison, McBrides, and Ionia, Mich., pro­ 568. Also, petition signed by F. ;r. Com·tright, ()f Staples, testing against the en·actment of any compulsory Sunday ob· Minn., and others, protesting against compulsory Sunday observ­ servance bill ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. ance legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia.. 590. By Mr. MEAD: petition of numerous citizens of Buffalo, 569. Also, petition signed by A. C. Hanson, of Wadena, :Minn., N. Y., protesting against the Lankford compulsory Sunday ob­ and others protesting against compulso-ry Sunday observance servance bill (H. B. 78); to the Committee on the District o:t legislation ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Columbia. 996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 591. By Mr. MO.NAST: Petition of numerous residents of ' of any other bill providing for compulsory Sunday observance; Pawtucket, R. I., against Sunday compulsory observance law; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. to the Committee oli the District of Columbia. 614. Also, petition of 44 residents of Barnesville and Downer, 592. By Mr. MORROW: Petition of citizens of Albuquerque, Minn., protesting against passage of compulsory Sunday observ­ N. Mex., protesting against compulsory Sunday observance; to ance bill (H. R. 78) or of any other bill providing for compul­ the Committee on the District of Columbia. sory Sunday observance; to the Committee on the District of 593. Also, petition of citizens of Roswell, N. Mex., against Columbia. compulsory Sunday observance; to the Committee on the Dis­ 615. Also, petition of 29 residents of New York Mills, Minn., trict of Columbia. protesting against the passage of House bill 78 or of any other 594. Also, petition of citizens of Albuquerque, N. Mex., pro­ bill providing for compulsory Sunday observance; to the Com4 te ting against (House bill 78) compulsory Sunday observance mittee on the Distiict of Columbia. bill ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 616. Also, petition of 44 residents of Barnes\ille and Downer, 595. Also, petition of citizens of Albuquerque, N. Mex., pro­ Minn., protesting against the passage of compulsory Sunday testing against compulsory Sunday observance; to the Com­ observance bill (H. R. 78) or any other bill providing for com­ mittee on the District of Columbia. pulsory Sunday observance; to the Committee on the District 596. Also, petition of citizens of San Marcial, N. 1\lex., pro­ of Columbia. . testing against compulsory Sunday observance ; to the Com­ 617. Also, petition of 29 residents of New York Mills, Minn., mittee on the District of Columbia. protesting against the passage of House bill 78 or any other bill 597. Also, petition of citizens of Albuquerque, N. Mex., pro­ providing for compulsory Sunday observance; to the Committee testing against compulsory Sunday observance for the District on the District of Columbia. of Columbia; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 618. Also, petition of 67 residents of Bluffton and New York 598. By l\Ir. NEWTON: Petitions of sundry citizens of Minne­ Mills, Minn., protesting against the passage of House bill 78 apolis, against compulsory Sunday observance ; to the Com­ or of any other bill providing for compulsory Sunday observ­ mittee on the District of Columbia. ance; to tlle· Committee on the District of Columbia. 5g9, By Mr. O'CONNELL: Petition of the Exchange Club, 619. Also, petition of 89 adult residents of Barnesville, Minn., of Woodhaven, Long Island, N. Y., favoring the appropriation and vicinity, protesting against the passage of House bill 78 or of stifficient funds to provide adequate and proper housing for of any other bill providing for compulsory Sunday observance; the officers and enlisted men of the Army ; to the Committee to the Committee on the District of Columbia. on Appropriations. 620. Also, petition of 67 adult resident.-; of Hazel, Minn., pro­ 600. Also, petition of the city council of the city of Chicago, testing against the passage of House bill 78 or of any other com­ Ill. favoring an amendment to the Volstead Act for the sale, pulsory Sunday observance bill; to the Committee on the Dis­ ma~ufactm·e, and transportation of light .wines and beers for trict of Columbia. beverage purposes, and to provide for a referendum vote of 621. Also, petition of 47 adult residents of Underwood, Minn., the people to establish the sentiment of the majority on the protesting against the passage of Sunday observance bill (H. R. que ·tion of the repeal o.f the eighteenth amendment to the 78) or any other national religious legislation which may be Constitution; to the Committee on the Judiciary. pending; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 601. Also, petition of the Hazard Wire Rope Co., of New York, 622. By Mr. SINCLAIR : Petitions of numerous citizens of favoring the passage of House bill 5772; to the Committee on Beach, Williston, Ray, Glenburn, Crosby, Bowbells, Judson, Banking and Currency. Portal, Minot, Brisbane, Hamlet, Wildrose, McGregor, Corinth, 602. Also, petition of Edward Danielson and Lillian Daniel­ Wheelock, Amidon, Midway, Sentinel Butte, Max, Tolley, Croff, son of 414 Lincoln Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y., and 197 other Berg, Watford City, Van Hook, Belfield, Zenith, Surrey, Butte. citi~ens of Brooklyn and Long Island, opposing the passage of Rllilo. Kermit, Epping, Ambrose, Spring Brook, Grassy Butte, the Lankford bill (H. R. 78), compulsory Sunday observance N. Dak.; Watauga, S. Dak.; and Fairview, Mont., protesting bill · to the Committee on the District of Columbia. against the enactment of compulsory Sunday observance legis­ 003. By Mr. RAINEY: Resolutions adopted by White Hall lation, and particularly against House bill 78; to the Committee (Ill.) Chamber of Commerce favoring flood control; to the on the Di ·trict of Columbia. Committee on Flood Conb:ol. 623. By Mr. SINNOTT: Petition of numerous citizens of Uma­ 604. By Mr. REED of New York: Petition of residents of tilla County, Oreg., protesting against thf' enactment of com­ Delevan, N. Y., also petition of residents of Randolph, Cuba, pulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on the Westfield, East Randolph, Ashville, Salamanca, Maple Springs, District of Columbia. Silver Creek Steamburg Stockton, Allegany, Olean, and James­ town all in 'the State of New York, opposing compulsory Sun­ 624. Also, petition of numerous citizens of Deschutes County Oreg., protesting against enactment of the Lankford bill (H. It. day ~bservance; to the Committee on the. ~istrict of Coh~mbia. 78) or any similar compulsory Sunday ob ervance legislation; to 605. By Mrs. ROGERS : Petition of Citizens of the city of the Committee on the District of Columbia. Lowell, Mr. Osborne L. Smith and others, ag~st compulso~y 625. Also, petition of numerous citizens of Oregon, protesting Sunday ob ervance (H. R. 78) ; to the Committee on the Dis­ against the enactment of compulsory Sunday ob ·ervauce legis­ trict of Columbia. lation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 606. ALo, petition of citizens of the city of Lowell, Mr. Henry 626. Also, petition of numerous citizens of Baker and Baker A. Derby and others, against the compulsory Sunday observ­ County, Oreg., protesting against enacbnent of House bill 78 ance bill (H. R. 78) ; to the Committee on the District of or any compulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Com­ Columbia. mittee on the District of Columbia. 607. By 1\Ir. ROl\IJUE: Petition of L. E. Proffer and others, 627. Also, petition of numerous citizens of. Umapine and Free­ of Unionville l\1o., protesting against the imposition of a tax water, Oreg., and Touchet, Wash., protesting against compul­ on Chautauq~a season tickets; to the Committee on Ways and sory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Committee on tile Means. 608. By Mr. SANDERS of Texas: Petition of Mrs. Mary Sim­ Di trict of Columbia. mons and numerous other citizens of Terrell, Tex., against 628. Also, petition of numerous citizens of 1\Iilton-Freewater, compulsory Sunday observance; to the Committee on the Dis­ Oreg., protesting against enactment of any compulsory Sunday trict of Columbia. ob"ervance legislation. and especially protesting against House · 609. By Mr. SEARS of Nebraska: Protest against House bill bill 78; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 78, signed by 2,000 men and women of Omaha, Nebr. ; to the 629. Also, petition of 64 citizens of Sisters, Oreg., protesting Committee on the District of Columbia. against enactment of House bill 78 or any compulsory Sunday 610. By Mr. SELVIG: Petition of 13 residents of Alvarado, observance legL~lation; to the Committee on the District of Minn., protesting against the passage of compulsory Sunday Columbia. observance bill (H. R. 78) or of any other compulsory Sunday 630. Also, petition of numerous citizens of Lonerock, Oreg., bill ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. protesting against enactment by Congress of compulsory Sun­ 611. Also, petition of 47 re idents of Underwood, Minn., pro­ day observance legislation ; to the Committee on the District testing against the passage of House bill 78 or of any other bill of Columbia. pro vi etition of 67 residents of Bluffton and New York 632. Also, petition signed by A. E. Lindsey, jr., and 215 other Mills, Minn., protesting against the passage of House bill 78 or residents of Ada County, Idaho, protesting against the enact- 'J

1928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOuSE 997 _ment of any compulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the &o. Also, petition signed by l\fr. A. B. Bruner and others, of Committee on the Di trict of Columbia. Granger, Wash., protesting against the enactment of compulsory 633. Also, petition signed by A. M. Lambson and 16 other Sunday obserTance legislation; to the Committee on the Dis­ re. idents of Custer County, Idaho, protesting against the enact­ trict of Columbia. ment of compulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Com­ 656. Also, petition signed by George Blystone and others, of mittee on the District of Columbia. Yakima, Wash., protesting against enactment of compulsory 634. Also, petition signed by Fred J". Petersen and 22 other Sunday obEerTance legislation ; to the Committee on the District residents of Bannock County, Idaho, protesting against the en­ of Columbia. actment of compulsory Sunday obse1·yance legislation; to the 657. Also, petition signed by Mr. J". C. Christensen and others, Committee on the District of Columbia.. of Yakima County, Wash., prote.s ting against the enactment of 635. Also, petition signed by G. S. Garner and 44 other resi­ compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on dents of Camas County, Idaho, protesting against the enact­ the Disb·ict of Columbia. ment of compulsory Sunday obsel'vance legislation ; to the Com­ 658. Also, petition signed by Mr. Gle-nn J. Heagy and others, mittee on the District of Columbia. of Yakima County, Wash., protesting against the enactment of 636. Also, petition signed by C. D. Freeman and 111 other compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on residents of J"erome County, Idaho, protesting against the en­ the District of Columbia. actment of compulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the 659. Also, petition signed by Sam L. Staley and others, of Committee on the District of Columbia. Yakima County, Wash., prote.<;:ting against the enactment of 637. Also, petition signed by W. R. Sp1·echer and 139 other compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on residents of Twin Falls County, Idaho, pTotesting against the the District of Columbia. enactment of compusory Sunday observance legislation ; to the 660. Also, petition signed by "!\-Irs. 0. H. Stump and others, of Committee on the District of Columbia. Granger, ·wash., protesting against the enactment of compulsory 638. Also, petition signed by C. W. Bruce and 73 other resi­ Sunday ~bservance legislation; to the Committee on the District dents of Idaho Falls, Idaho, protesting against the enactment of of Columbia. compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on 661. Also, petition signed by J"obn Wilcox and others, of the District of Columbia. 639. Also, petition signed by C. N. Shelton and 135 other Yakima Cotmty, Wash., protesting ag.ainst tJJe enactment of reRidents of Pocatello, Idaho, protesting against the enactment compulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Committee of compulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Com­ on the Disbict of Columbia. 662. Also, petition signed by J". H. Kinney and others, of mittee on the District of Columbia. 640. A1so, petition signed by Jim Ladd and 72 other resi­ Yakima County, Wash., protesting against the enactment of dents of Mountain Home, Idaho, protesting against the enact­ compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on ment of compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Com­ the District of Columbia. mittee on the District of Columbia. 663. Also, petition signed by Miss Milly Lynd and others, of 64L Also, petition signed by W. E. Miller and 65 other resi­ Whitman County, Wash., protesting against the enactment of . dents of Blaine and Lincoln Counties, Idaho, prote ting against compulsory Sunday obseiTance legislation; to the Committee on the enactment of compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Disb.ict of Columbia. the Committee on the District of Columbia. 664. Also, petition signed by J"ohn W. Foster and others, of 642. Also, resolution passed by the Blaine County Post, No. 24, Wapato, Wash., protesting against the enactment of compul­ American Legion, indorsing the bill (H. R. 320) pro-viding for sory Sunday observance legislation; to tl1e Committee on the the e tablisbment of a permanent United States Veterans' Bu­ District of Columbia. reau hospital at Boise, Idaho; to the Committee on Military 665. Also, petition signed by .A. D. Robinson and others, of Affairs. Yakima County, Wash., protesting against the enactment of com­ 643. Also, petition signed by Mrs. Reve J". Coppard and 45 pulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Committee on the other residents of Bancroft and Soda Springs, Idaho, pro­ District of Columbia. testing against the enactment of compulsory Sunday observance 666. By l\lr. TAYLOR of Colorado: Petition from citizens of legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Garfield County, Colo., protesting against the passage of any 644. By Mr. SNELL: Petition of citizens of North Bangor, compulsory Sunday observance legislation; t~ the Committee on N. Y., protesting against Lankford bill (H. R. 78)-Sunday ob­ the District of Columbia. ser·vance; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 667. Also, petition from the citizens of Rifle, Colo., protesting 645. Also, petition of various citizens of Potsdam, protesting against the passage of any compulsory Sunday observance legis­ against Lankford bill (H. R. 78)-Sunday observance; t~ the lation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Committee on the District of Columbia. 668. Also, petition from citizens of Grand Valley, Colo., pro­ 646. Also, petition of various citizens of Saranac Lake; to the testing against the passage of any compulsory Sunday observ­ Committee on the District of Columbia. ance legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 647. By Mr. STEELE: Petition of 30 citizens of Lithia 669. AlsO, petition from citizens of Glenwood Springs, Colo., Springs, Douglas County, Ga., protesting against the passage protesting against the passage of any compulsory Sunday ob­ of legislation providing for compulsory Sunday observance; to servance legislation; to the Committee on the District of the Committee on the District of Columbia. Columbia. 648. Also, petition of 140 citizens of the city of Atlanta and 670. Also, petition from the citizens ~f Collbran, Colo., pro­ Fulton County, Ga., protesting against the passage of legislation testing against the passage of any compulsory Sunday observ­ providing for compulsory Sunday observance ; to the Committee ance legislation ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. on the District of Columbia. 671. Also, petition from the citizens of Delta, Colo., protesting 649. By Mr. STRONG of Pennsylvania : Petition of citizens against the passage of any compulsory Sunday observance legis­ of Indiana, Pa., and vicinity, opposed to the Sunday observance lation ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. bill (H. R. 78) ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 672. By :Mr. THOMPSON: Petition of citizens of Van Wert 650. By Mr. SUMMERS of Washington: Petition signed by County, protesting passage of House bill 78, LankfOi'd Sunday Mr. Albert Beck and others, of Grang~r. Wash., protesting observance bill ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. against the enactment of compulsory Sunday observance legis­ 673. Also, petition of citizens of Liberty Center, Ohio, pro­ lation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. testing against House bill 78, the Lankford Sunday observance 651. Also, petition signed by Mrs. l\1. T. Taylor and others, bill ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. of Granger, Wash., protesting against the enactment of com­ 674. Also, petition of 74 citizens of Van Wert, Ohio, pro­ pulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on the testing passage of the Lankford Sunday observance bill ; to District of Columbia. the Committee on the District of Columbia. 652. Also, petition signed by 0. W. Burnell and others, of 675. Also, petition against discrimination in tax bill against Grandview, Wash., protesting against the enactment of com­ chautauqua season-ticket purchas.ers; to the Committee on pulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on the Ways and Means. District of Columbia. 676. By Mr. TREADWAY: Petition of citizens of Conway, 653. Also, petition signed by Mrs. N. Southworth and others, Mass., against the Lankford compulsory Sunday observance of Palouse, Wash., protesting against the enactment of (!()mpul­ bill ; to the Committee on tbe District of Columbia. sory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Committee on the 677. By Mr. WARE: Petition of citizens of Covington, Ken­ District of Columbia. ton County, Ky., protesting against House bill 78 ; to the Com­ _ 654. Also, petition signed by Harold Silke and others, of mittee on the District of Columbia. Sunnyside, Wash., protesting against the enactment of com­ 678. By Mr. WELCH of California: Petition of Alice A. pulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Committee on ~he Carleton, secretary of -Tabernacle Church, and 930 other resi­ District of Columbia. ~ents of San Francisco, Calif., protesting against the passage 998 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-SEN.ATE JANU.A.RY 5 of House bill 78, known as the Lankford Sunday observance wrong, which fade before our unslaked thirst for good, and bill ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. grant us peace serene, through Him who is the Prince of 679. By Mr. WILLIAMS of Missouri: Petition of W. A. Bur­ Peace, our Savior, Jesus Christ. Amen. ton, Fannie Bell, S. Yarbrouh, Mr. and Mrs. F. 0. Springer, Mr. and Mrs. W. S. Fitzwater, Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Leonard, jr., Mrs. The legislative clerk proceeded to read the Journal of yes­ Ella Smith, Mrs. F. E. Watson, By. Howell, John Ramo, and terday's proceedings when, on request of Mr. CURTIS' and by Gideon Hinkle, in opposition to House bill 78; to the Committee unanimous consent, the further reading was dispensed with on the District of Columbia. and the Journal was approved. 680. Also, petition of Mrs. G. E. Bell, Mrs. Minnie Thomas, CALL OF THE ROLL Mrs. Ethel Manken, Mrs. Geneva Manken, et al., in opposition Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a to House bill 78; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. quorum. 681. By Mr. WILLIAMSON: Petition protesting against com­ The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will call the roll. pulsory Sunday observance, signed by Wilson Janis and other The legislative clerk called the roll, and the following Sen­ residents of Kyle, S. Dak., and vicinity; to the Committee on ators answered to their names : the District of Columbia. Ashurst Dill King Sackett 682. Also, petition prote ting again t compulsory Sunday ob­ Barkley Edge La Follette Sheppard servance, signed by F. B. Sherwood and other residents of Bayard Ferris McKellar Shipstead Bingham Fess McLean Shortridge Cottonwood, S. Dak., and vicinity ; to the Committee on the Black Fletcher McMaster Smoot District of Columbia. Blaine Frazier MCJ.'l'ary Steck 683. Also, petition protesting against compulsory Sunday ob­ Blease George Mayfield Steiwer Borah Gerry Metcalf Swanson servance, signed by Stanley Beck and other residents of Wasta, Bratton Gould Moses Thomas S. Dak., and vicinity; to the Committee on the District of Brookhart Greene Neely Tydings Columbia. Broussard Hale Norbeck Tyson Bruce Harris Norris Wagner 684. Also, petition of numerous citizens of McLaughlin, Capper Harrison Nye Walsh, Mass. S. Dak., protesting against compulsory Sunday observance ; also Caraway Hawes Oddie Walsh, Mont. petition of numerous citizens of Perkins County, S. Dak., p~o­ Copeland Hayden Overman Waterman Couzens Heflin Pine Watson testing against compulsory Sunday observance ; to the Com­ Curtis Howell Pittman Wheeler mittee on the District of Columbia. Cutting Johnson Ransdell Willis 685. Also, petition of certain residents of Lead and Central Dale Jones Robinson, Ark. City, S. Dak., protesting against compulsory Sunday obsertance; Deneen Keyes Robinson, Ind. to the Committee on the District of Columbia. The VICE PRESIDENT. Seven.ty-eight Senators having 686. Also, petition of certain residents of Lawrence County, answered to their names, a quorum is present. S. Dak., protesting against compulsory Sunday observance ; to ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY the Committee on the District of Columbia. Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, there is but one measure on the 687. By l\Ir. WINGO: Petition of certain citizens of Little calendar, and I ask unanimous consent that when the Senate River County, Ark., against enactment of any Sunday observ­ adjourns to-day it adjourn to meet on Monday next at 12 ance bill for the District of Columbia ; to the Committee on the o'clock. District of Columbia. The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? 688. By Mr. WOOD: Petition signed by residents of Tippe­ l\Ir. ROBINSON of Arkansas. I have no objection to that canoe County, Ind., protesting against the adoption by Congress arrangement, Mr. President. of the Sunday observance bill; to the Committee on the Dis­ The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, it is so ordered. trict of Columbia. INTERNATIONAL PARLIAMENTARY CONFERENCE OF COMMENCE 689. By Mr. WURZBACH : Petition of Pauline Montimore, and other citizens of San Antonio, Tex., protesting against the The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ passage of House bill 78 (compulsory Sunday observance bill) ; tion from the general secretary of the International Parlia­ to the Committee on the District of Columbia. mentary Conference of Commerce, dated Brussels, November 1, 690. Also, petition of Thomas J. Dilwood and other citizens 1927, inviting Congress to be represented at the fourteeenth of San Antonio, Tex., protesting against the passage of House general assembly of the conference to be held on the 19th of bill 78 (compulsory Sunday observance bill) ; to the Committee June next and following days at the Palais du Senat, at Paris, on the District of Columbia. which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. 691. Also, petition of Thos. P. Hamm, Mrs. P. E. Carter, and COL. CHARLES A. LINDBERGH other citizens of San Antonio, Tex., protesting against the pas­ The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ sage of House bill 78 (compulsory Sunday observance bill) ; tion from the Secretary of State, transmitting a letter of con­ to the Committee on the District of Columbia. gratulation from the presiding officer of the Hungarian Par­ 692. Also, petition of Blanche Ricker, D. H. ·Howell, A. liament with respect to the transatlantic flight of Col. Charles Haughton, and other citizens, of Corpus Christi, Tex., protest­ A. Lindbergh, which, with the accompanying papers, was ing against the passage of House bill 78 ; to the Committee on referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. the District of Columbia. NOBEL PEACE PRIZE 693. By Mr. ZIHLMAN: Petition of Charles W. Stultz, Her­ man Barkdall, and others, protesting against the enactment of The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ compulsory Sunday observance legislation; to the Committee on tion from the Secretary of State relative to suggestion of can­ the District of Columbia. didates for the Nobel peace prize to be laid before the Nobel 694. Also, petition of John H. C. Smith, Charles R. Smith, committee of the Norwegian Parliament, which, with the accom­ Amos Hurd, and others, protesting against the enactment of panying paper, was referred to the Committee on Foreign Rela­ compulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Committee on tions. the District of Columbia. WITHDRAWALS AND RESTORATIONS OF PUBLIC LANDS 695. Also, petition of C. 0. Colli.flower, Martha Williams, The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ Nelia Glenn, and others, protesting against the enactment of tion from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant compulsory Sunday observance legislation ; to the Committee on to law, copy of a letter from the Commissioner of the General the District of Columbia. Land Office, with an accompanying report of withdrawals and restorations of public lands, which was referred to the Com­ SENATE mittee on Public Lands and Surveys. CIVIIrSERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY FUND THURSDAY, Jarnuccry 5, 19~ The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ The Chaplain, Rev. Z~.Barney T. Phillips, D. D., offered the tion from the Acting Secretary of the Interior, transmitting, following prayer : pursuant to law, the seventh annual report of the board of actu­ aries of the civil-service retirement and disability fund, which 0 Father of lights, with whom can be no variation, neither was referred to the Committee on Civil Service. shadow that is cast by turning, send out Thy light and Thy truth that they may lead UJ3. As the duties of another day PURCHASE OF DESIGNS, .AJRORA.Fr, AIRCRAFT PART:S, ETO. await us we would thank Thee for Thy loving care of us, for The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ Thy gifts of health and strength, and for the companionship tion from the Secretary of the Navy, transmitting, pursuant to of friends with minds made reverent by honest thought. Give law, a report of designs, aircraft, airci'aft parts, and aeronauti­ us new hopes and cares which may supplant our own too small cal accessories purchased by the Navy Department during the concerns. Make us too great for narrow creeds of ;right and fi.sc!U y~ .e!!_qeg June 30, 1927, the price pajd therefor, the