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A Study for Upgrading the Vessel Traffic Services [VTS] in Korean Coastal Waters

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A Study for Upgrading the Vessel Traffic Services [VTS] in Korean Coastal Waters World Maritime University The Maritime Commons: Digital Repository of the World Maritime University World Maritime University Dissertations Dissertations 1996 A study for upgrading the vessel traffic services [VTS] in Korean coastal waters Hyung-Taek Jung WMU Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations Part of the Transportation Commons Recommended Citation Jung, Hyung-Taek, "A study for upgrading the vessel traffic services [VTS] in Korean coastal waters" (1996). World Maritime University Dissertations. 988. https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations/988 This Dissertation is brought to you courtesy of Maritime Commons. Open Access items may be downloaded for non-commercial, fair use academic purposes. No items may be hosted on another server or web site without express written permission from the World Maritime University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WORLD MARITIME UNIVERSITY Malmo, Sweden A STUDY FOR UPGRADING THE VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICES IN KOREAN COASTAL WATERS By JUNG HYUNG-TAEK The Republic of Korea A dissertation submitted to the World Maritime University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in GENERAL MARITIME ADMINISTRATION AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION 1996 © Copyright Jung Hyung-Taek, 1996 DECLARATION I certify that all the material in this dissertation that is not my own work has been identified, and that no material is included for which a degree has previously been conferred on me. The contents of this dissertation reflect my own personal views, and are not necessarily endorsed by the University. (Signature) .../.9.9.A.... (Date) Supervised by: Name : Captain Poul G. Jeppesen Office: Lecturer World Maritime University Assessed by: Name : Captain Fernando Pardo Office: Professor World Maritime University Co-assessed by: Name : Captain Lennart Andersson Office: Captain / Ship Surveyor Swedish National Maritime Administration a ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: A Study for Upgrading the Vessel Traffic Services in Korean coastal waters Degree: MSc The rapid growth of niarine traffic volume in the Korean waters has created difficulties in navigation, and increased the risk in those areas during the last three decades. In addition to the traffic volume increase, ship’s higher speed tendency and larger size tendency lead to more frequent and bigger casualties occurring in those areas. Various measures have been taken to improve navigation safety in those areas such as, aids to navigation, vessel movement reporting systems, traffic separation schemes, and the radar surveillance systems in some port areas also. However, casualties occurred in those areas has not decreased. They are still increasing. If there is no adequate device provided, those tendencies regarding the casualties are expected to be increased more in the future. For the purpose of developing safe ;navigation and preventing traffic accidents in Korean coastal areas, it is needed to examine maritime environment and to analyze the casualties occurred in those arenas, in order to identify the issues and problems existing in those areas. This study used many statistical data in examining the maritime environment, analyze marine casualties, and evaluate existing traffic services in Korean coastal areas. Meanwhile, research has been carried out on the VTS concept, equipment, its future trends, and also case studies carried out on VTS status and its effectiveness has taken place in foreign countries. Finally, on the basis of the findings in this study, it is suggested to maintain adequate VTS in Korean coastal areas to prevent accidents and to help safe navigation. The conclusions include recommendations to extend the advanced VTS system to major ports in Korea and consolidate the VTS authority to extend their services to fully operational VTS functions. m TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ..................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................... iv UST OF TABLES .................................................................................................. vii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................... ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background ................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives and extent of the study.................................................... 3 1.3 Thesis organization ........................................................................ 4 CHAPTER 2 MARITIME ENVIRONMENT IN KOREAN COASTAL AREAS 2.1 Maritime topography ..................................................................... 6 2.1.1 General ............................................................................... 6 2.1.2 Currents and tide ............................................................... 7 (A) Currents .................................................................. 7 (B) Tides and tidal streams ........................................ 9 2.1.3 Coast and ports .................................................................. 10 2.2 Meteorological features................................................................... 11 2.2.1 General ............................................................................... 11 2.2.2 Fog and visibility ............................................................... 11 2.2.3 Precipitation ....................................................................... 14 2.2.4 Wind .................................................................................... 15 2.3 Vessel traffic data ........................................................................... 16 2.3.1 General ............................................................................... 16 2.3.2 Vessel statistics ................................................................ 16 (A) Vessels registered ................................................. 16 (B) Vessels registered by tonnage group .................. 17 2.3.3 Movement of vessels ......................................................... 18 2.3.4 Movement of cargo ........................................................... 20 2.4 Status of ship casualties ................................................................. 21 IV 2.4.1 General ............................................................................... 21 2.4.2 Trends of casualties ........................................................... 22 2.4.3 Casualties analysis ............................................................. 23 (A) Type of casualties ................................................. 23 (B) Type of vessel involved in casualties ................ 24 (C) Ship tonnage group in casualties ........................ 24 (D) Number of casualties in different time bands .... 25 (E) Number of casualties in different waterway types 26 (F) Seasonal and local distribution of casualties .... 26 CHAPTER 3 CONCEPT OF VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICE SYSTEM 3.1 General ............................................................................................ 29 3.2 Definition of VTS ..................................................................................31 3.3 Function of VTS ............................................................................. 32 3.3.1 Physical functions .............................................................. 32 3.3.2 Operational functions ....................................................... 33 3.4 VTS equipment and technologies ................................................. 33 3.4.1 Collecting the information ................................................ 34 3.4.2 Processing the information .............................................. 35 3.4.3 Displaying the information ................................................ 35 3.4.4 Distributing the information ............................................. 36 3.4.5 Each piece of equipment’s profile ................................... 36 (A) Communication and transmission ....................... 36 (B) Closed circuit television ....................................... 39 (C) Radar ...................................................................... 40 (D) Aids to navigation ................................................. 42 (E) Other systems ........................................................ 42 3.5 VTS operational personnel ........................................................... 44 3.5.1 VTS operator functions ....................... 44 3.5.2 VTS operators required knowledge and skills ............... 45 3.5.3 Entry qualifications and training ..................................... 46 (A) Entry qualifications .............................................. 46 (B) Training .................................................................. 47 3.6 Effectiveness and benefits of VTS ............................................... 48 3.6.1 Effectiveness of VTS ....................................................... 48 3.6.2 Benefits of VTS ................................................................. 49 3.7 Future trends in VTS ...................................................................... 50 CHAPTER 4 CASE STUDY ON VTS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
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