http://kentarchaeology.org.uk/research/archaeologia-cantiana/

Kent Archaeological Society is a registered charity number 223382 © 2017 Kent Archaeological Society CONTENTS

PAGE List of Officers, xiii; Members of Council, xiv; Committees, xv; List of Local Secretaries, xvi; Corresponding Societies, xviii; List of Members, xx. Annual Report for the Year 1973 xlvi

Rules lx 1. Farningham Roman Villa IL By Lieut.-Colonel G. W. Meates, F.S A 1 2. The First Norman Cathedral at Canterbury. By Edward Gilbert 23 3. Maritime East Mailing. By C. L. Sinclair Williams 51

4. Levies from Kent to the Elizabethan Wars (1589-1603). By J. J. N. McGurk, M.Phil., F..R.Hist.S. 57 5. Excavations at Eccles, 1972. By A. P. Detsicas, M.A., F.S.A. 73 6. Recent Developments in the Study of Place-Names and the Anglo-Saxon Settlement. By K. J. Edwards, M.A.81

7. Eynsford Castle: The Moat and Bridge. By S. E. .Rigold, M.A., F.S.A., F.R.Hist.S., and A. J. Fleming, M.A. 87 8. The Ancient Buildings of New Romney. By E. W. Parkin. . . . 117

9. Excavations at Boxley Abbey. By P. J. Tester, F.S.A. 129

10. The Loose Watermills, II. By R. J. Spain 159

11. Medieval Pottery from Dartford. By D. C. Mynard 187

12. Researches and Discoveries in Kent: A pre-Conquest Sculptural Fragment from Rochester Cathedral 201 A 'Lost' Crop-Mark Site at Westenhanger 203 Cooling Romano-British Site 207 Archeological Notes from Maidstone Museum 208 vi CONTENTS

PAGE 13. Investigations and Excavations during the Year 211

14. Kent Bibliography, 1972-73 227

15. Reviews 229

16. Obituaries 237

17. General Index 239

vi ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE Famingham Roman Villa II: Fig. 1. Plan: Periods I, IA and II 4 Fig. 2. Plan: Period III 10 Fig. 3. Samian Ware and Coarse Pottery ... 13 Plate I. Grid System, looking South Plate II. A Clay Wall, showing Method of Con- struction Plate III. Clay Wall with Plaster, and Periods I and III Levels Plate IV. Example of Plaster Decoration facing 16 Plate V. Period I Wall, showing Slots for Up- rights Plate VIA. Foundation Deposit Plate VIB. Foundation Deposit uncovered Plate VII. Dog Burial Plate VIII. Period III Loggia, looking South-east Fig. 4. Coarse Pottery 17 Fig. 5. Coarse Pottery 20

The First Norman Cathedral at Canterbury: Fig. 1. Willis' Plan of the Cathedral in 1174 24 Plate I. The Angle of Lanfranc's Transept and the Nave Plate II. The Canterbury Seal of c. 1130 Plate III. The Podium under the Crossing from facing 24 South Plate IV. The West Wall of Emulf's Crypt Plate V. The Stair Turret at Milbome Port, Som. Fig. 2. Plan of Canterbury Cathedral showing Work of 1170, according to A. W Clapham 25 Fig. 3. Ernulf's Fabric and Arcading (Exterior of Choir) 28 vii ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE Fig. 4. The North-west Tower before 1834 . .. 30 Fig. 5. Imposts of West Arch, North Triforium 31 Fig. 6. Hadstock. Impost of North Door, c 1020 32 Fig. 7. North Wall of South Entrance to Crypt 41 Fig. 8. North Wall of South Entrance to Crypt 42 Fig. 9. Detail of Pattern of Network Diaper 43 Fig. 10. Plan of the West End of Ernulf's Crypt 45 Fig. 11. Bases 47 Fig. 12. Reconstruction of Lanfranc's Church 49

Excavations at Eccles, 1972: Fig,. 1. facing 74 Fig. 2. Plate IA. Section across Ditch XI Plate TB. Courtyard Area: General View of the Basin Plate IIA. Courtyard Area: The Basin Plate IIB. Courtyard Area: Section across the Basin Plate IIIA. The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery: Burial 19 facing 76 Plate IIIB. The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery: Burial 19, Close-up Plate IVA. The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery: Burial 19, Buckle Plate IVB. The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery: Burial 19, Buckle

Eynsford Castle: The Moat and Bridge: Fig. 1. 89 Fig. 2. Phase I 90 Plate IA. Bridge Area, from Curtain, showing Abutment Plate 113. Wall Z, Plato A3 and Foot of Brace • • faint/ 90 Plate II. Base of V2, showing Matricos for Tim- bers and Post viii ILLITSTRATIONS

PAGE Plate HI. Plates B2, AS and Wall Y Plate IV. Planking on felled Trestle facing 90 Plate V. Felled Trestle on D1, between Y and V1—V2 Fig. 3. Phase II 91 Fig. 4. Phase III 92 Figs. 5A., B and 7 facing 92 Figs. 6 and 8 Fig. 9. 104 Fig. 10. 107 Fig. 11. 108 Fig. 12. 109 Fig. 13. 110 Fig. 14. facing 110 Fig. 15. 112 Fig. 16. 114 Fig. 17. 115

The Ancient Buildings of New Romney: Fig. 1. The Romney Area about A.D. 1200 . . . . 119 Plate IA. The West Doorway of the Church of St. Nicholas Plate 113. Nos. 28 and 30 High Street facing 120 Plate HA. The Old House in West Street Plate IIB. The Fireplace and Niche Fig. 2. Town Plan of New Romney 122 Fig. 3. The original Plan of the House in West Street 124 Fig. 4. Cross-section of the original House. .. 125 Fig. 5. Reconstruction of the Street Front. .. 126

Excavations at Boxley Abbey: Fig. 1. facing 133 Plate IA. Site of Presbytery from North-west Plate IB. Arched Recess in West Wall of Re- facing 134 feotory ix ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE Plate IIA. Entrance to Refectory Plate IIB. Floor-Tiles in Nave Plate IIIA. Diagonal Buttress facing 134 Plate IIIB. The House from the North-east Plate IV. Tudor Chimney on South Side of House Fig. 2. Sections 138 Fig. 3. Twelfth-Century Chalk Capital 142 Fig. 4. Mouldings 143 Fig. 5. Tile Mosaic 145 Fig. 6. Floor-Tiles 147 Fig. 7. Reconstructed Plan of the Church 150 Fig. 8. Grave Coverstone 152 Fig. 9. Plan of Boxley Abbey (1801) facing 156 Fig. 10. South-west View of Boxley Abbey . . . 157

The Loose Watermills, II: Fig. 1. The Employment of Water Power . . . . 173

Medieval Pottery from Dartford: Fig. 1. 191 Fig. 2. 193 Fig. 3. 194 Fig. 4. 196 Plate I. Knight Jug from Dartford facing 196 Fig. 5. 198 A pre-Conquest Sculptural Fragment from Rochester Cathedral: Fig. 1. Pre-Conquest Architectural Sculpture 202 A 'Lost' Crop-Mark Site at Westenhanger: Plate I. Crop-mark Site at Westenhanger . . . . facing 203 Fig. 2. Schematic Plan of Westenhanger Crop- marks 204 Fig. 3. The Position of Westenhanger 206 Archmological Notes from Maidstone Museum: Fig. 4. Boat-shaped Brooch from Sutton Valence 209