An Ecological Analysis of Stink Bug and Lepidopteran Borer Complexes Associated with Pecan and Citrus Orchards in the Vaalharts Region
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Rapid Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) For: Euzophera Bigella
Rapid Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) for: Euzophera bigella June 2018 Summary and conclusions of the rapid PRA Euzophera bigella is a moth found in much of Europe and parts of Asia, whose larvae (caterpillars) feed inside a variety of fruit and under the bark of a number of species of tree. Though there have been several adults caught in light traps in the UK, such records are very scarce and there is no evidence this species is established in any part of this country. Following the rapid screening of E. bigella via the UK Plant Health Risk Register, this PRA was requested to further assess the potential risk to the UK. This rapid PRA shows: Risk of entry The pathway of fruit (and nuts) is considered moderately likely, with medium confidence. Larvae have previously been found in imported fruit in the UK. If larvae were able to complete development inside the fruit, emerging adults would be capable of flying off and locating new hosts. The pathway of larvae under the bark of older trees for planting is considered moderately likely, with medium confidence. Larvae under the bark of younger, smaller trees is assessed as unlikely with medium confidence, as infestations produce swellings and cracks in the bark which are more likely to be seen in smaller trees. The pathway of wood with bark is considered unlikely with low confidence. Confidence is low because a different species of Euzophera has recently travelled from the USA to Italy on this pathway. 1 The pathway of natural spread is considered very unlikely with low confidence. -
Biodiversity and Ecology of Critically Endangered, Rûens Silcrete Renosterveld in the Buffeljagsrivier Area, Swellendam
Biodiversity and Ecology of Critically Endangered, Rûens Silcrete Renosterveld in the Buffeljagsrivier area, Swellendam by Johannes Philippus Groenewald Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Science in Conservation Ecology in the Faculty of AgriSciences at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Prof. Michael J. Samways Co-supervisor: Dr. Ruan Veldtman December 2014 Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration I hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis, for the degree of Master of Science in Conservation Ecology, is my own work that have not been previously published in full or in part at any other University. All work that are not my own, are acknowledge in the thesis. ___________________ Date: ____________ Groenewald J.P. Copyright © 2014 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Acknowledgements Firstly I want to thank my supervisor Prof. M. J. Samways for his guidance and patience through the years and my co-supervisor Dr. R. Veldtman for his help the past few years. This project would not have been possible without the help of Prof. H. Geertsema, who helped me with the identification of the Lepidoptera and other insect caught in the study area. Also want to thank Dr. K. Oberlander for the help with the identification of the Oxalis species found in the study area and Flora Cameron from CREW with the identification of some of the special plants growing in the area. I further express my gratitude to Dr. Odette Curtis from the Overberg Renosterveld Project, who helped with the identification of the rare species found in the study area as well as information about grazing and burning of Renosterveld. -
The Isolation and Genetic Characterisation of a Novel Alphabaculovirus for the Microbial Control of Cryptophlebia Peltastica and Closely Related Tortricid Pests
RHODES UNIVERSITY Where leaders learn The isolation and genetic characterisation of a novel alphabaculovirus for the microbial control of Cryptophlebia peltastica and closely related tortricid pests Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY At RHODES UNIVERSITY By TAMRYN MARSBERG December 2016 ABSTRACT Cryptophlebia peltastica (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is an economically damaging pest of litchis and macadamias in South Africa. Cryptophlebia peltastica causes both pre- and post-harvest damage to litchis, reducing overall yields and thus classifying the pest as a phytosanitary risk. Various control methods have been implemented against C. peltastica in an integrated pest management programme. These control methods include chemical control, cultural control and biological control. However, these methods have not yet provided satisfactory control as of yet. As a result, an alternative control option needs to be identified and implemented into the IPM programme. An alternative method of control that has proved successful in other agricultural sectors and not yet implemented in the control of C. peltastica is that of microbial control, specifically the use of baculovirus biopesticides. This study aimed to isolate and characterise a novel baculovirus from a laboratory culture of C. peltastica that could be used as a commercially available baculovirus biopesticide. In order to isolate a baculovirus a laboratory culture of C. peltastica was successfully established at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa. This is the first time a laboratory culture of C. peltastica has been established. This allowed for various biological aspects of the pest to be determined, which included: length of the life cycle, fecundity and time to oviposition, egg and larval development and percentage hatch. -
Hyperparasitoids As New Targets in Biological Control in a Global Change Context Kévin Tougeron, a Tena
Hyperparasitoids as new targets in biological control in a global change context Kévin Tougeron, A Tena To cite this version: Kévin Tougeron, A Tena. Hyperparasitoids as new targets in biological control in a global change context. Biological Control, Elsevier, 2019, 130, pp.164-171. 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.09.003. hal- 01929186 HAL Id: hal-01929186 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01929186 Submitted on 21 Nov 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Hyperparasitoids as new targets in biological control in a global change context Authors and affiliations: The authors contributed equally to this work. Tougeron K.1, 2 & Tena A.3 1 The University of Wisconsin – La Crosse, Department of Biology, La Crosse, Wisconsin, United States of America, 1725 State street, 54601 2 Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35000 Rennes, France.) 3 Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Unidad Asociada de Entomología UJI-IVIA, Moncada, València 46113, Spain. Corresponding author: [email protected] Cite as: Tougeron K. & Tena A. Hyperparasitoids as new targets in biological control in a global change context. -
UG ETD Template
Characterization of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus immediate early protein ME53: The role of conserved domains in BV production, viral gene transcription, and evidence for ME53 presence at the ribosome by Robyn Ralph A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Molecular and Cellular Biology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Robyn Ralph, December, 2018 ABSTRACT CHARACTERIZATION OF AUTOGRAPHA CALIFORNICA NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS IMMEDIATE EARLY PROTEIN ME53: THE ROLE OF CONSERVED DOMAINS IN BV PRODUCTION, VIRAL GENE TRANSCRIPTION, AND EVIDENCE FOR ME53 PRESENCE AT THE RIBOSOME Robyn Ralph Advisors: University of Guelph, 2018 Dr. Peter Krell Dr. Sarah Wooton The baculovirus AcMNPV early/late gene me53 is required for efficient BV production and is conserved in all alpha and betabaculoviruses. The 449-amino acid protein contains several highly conserved functionally important domains including two putative C4 zinc finger domains (ZnF-N and ZnF-C) whose cysteine residues are 100% conserved. One purpose of this study is to confirm the presence of two zinc binding domains in ME53, as well as determine their role in virus infection and viral gene transcription. Interestingly, deletion of ZnF-C results in an early delay of BV production from 12 to 18 hours post transfection correlating to ME53's cytoplasmic localization. Cytoplasmic functions at early times post-transfection may include translational regulation, which is supported by yeast-2-hybrid data that ME53 interacts with the host 40S ribosomal subunit protein RACK1. In this study the association of ME53 with the ribosomes of virus infected cells was also investigated. iii DEDICATION I dedicate this thesis to my father, Ronald James Ralph. -
Thaumatotibia Leucotreta
Thaumatotibia leucotreta Scientific Name Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) Synonyms: Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyrick), Cryptophlebia roerigii Zacher Olethreutes leucotreta Meyrick Thaumatotibia roerigii Zacher Common Name(s) False codling moth, citrus codling moth, orange moth, and orange codling moth Type of Pest Moth Figure 1. Larva of Thaumatotibia leucotreta (T. Grove Taxonomic Position and W. Styn, bugwood.org). Class: Insecta, Order: Lepidoptera, Family: Tortricidae Reason for Inclusion CAPS Target: AHP Prioritized Pest List - 2003 through 2014 Pest Description Eggs: Eggs are flat, oval (0.77 mm long by 0.60 mm wide) shaped discs with a granulated surface. The eggs are white to cream colored when initially laid. They change to a reddish color before the black head capsule of the larvae becomes visible under the chorion prior to hatching (Daiber, 1979a). 1 Larvae: First instar (neonate) larvae approximately 1 to 1.2 mm (< /16 in) in length with dark pinacula giving a spotted appearance, fifth instar larvae are orangey-pink, 1 becoming more pale on sides and yellow in ventral region, 12 to 18 mm (approx. /2 to 11 /16 in) long, with a brown head capsule and prothoracic shield (Fig. 1). [Note this coloration is only present in live specimens.] The last abdominal segment bears an anal comb with two to ten “teeth.” The mean head capsule width for the first through fifth instar larvae has been recorded as: 0.22, 0.37, 0.61, 0.94 and 1.37 mm, respectively (Daiber, 1979b). Diagnostic characters would include the anal comb with two to ten teeth in addition to: L pinaculum on T1 enlarged and extending beneath and beyond (posterad of) the spiracle; spiracle on A8 displaced posterad of SD pinaculum; crochets unevenly triordinal, 36-42; L-group on A9 usually trisetose (all setae usually on same pinaulum) (Brown, 2011). -
Download the Carob Moth in Almonds Fact Sheet
Australian All About Almonds Almonds www.australianalmonds.com.au Carob moth in almonds David Madge, Cathy Taylor and David Williams, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, Victoria A large part of the carob moth’s life cycle Introduction occurs inside almond mummies - nuts that Identification of carob moth Carob moth Apomyelois (=Ectomyelois) remain on trees after harvest, and it seems Table 1 contains a summary of the different ceratoniae is a pest of numerous tree likely that its increased populations and life stages of carob moth. See the fact crops around the world, including damage to almonds seen in recent years sheet ‘Carob moth: Monitoring guidelines’ almonds. In recent years carob moth began with increases in the numbers of for more complete descriptions. has caused increasing concern for the mummies in orchards. Mummies often Australian almond industry. The larval develop as a result of hull rot, a fungal Biology & behaviour stage (caterpillar) of carob moth feeds on disease that develops on almonds once almond kernels, making them unsuitable the hulls have split and is favoured by Carob moth is in the moth family Pyralidae, for sale as whole kernels for human warm, wet conditions. Such conditions members of which are commonly referred consumption, and possibly increasing the occurred across our major almond growing to as ‘snout moths’ because of the snout- risk of fungal infection. The presence of districts soon after hull split in 2007 and like appearance of their mouthparts. Pyralid insect-damaged kernels can also reduce 2011. At the same time, the number of moths include Indian meal moth Plodia the quality grading of whole batches of bearing trees in the industry was growing interpunctella, a widespread major pest kernels, resulting in significant economic rapidly, doubling between 2004 and 2007 of stored foods, and navel orange worm loss. -
Professor Catriona Macleod
RRR | Cover 2015 v2 11/9/16 10:17 AM Page 1 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K Composite RRR 2015 | Features 11/12/16 1:36 PM Page 1 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K RHODES UNIVERSITY RESEARCH REPORT A publication of the Rhodes University Research Office, compiled and edited by Tarryn Gillitt, Busi Goba, Patricia Jacob, Jill Macgregor and Jaine Roberts Design & Layout: Sally Dore Research Office Director: Jaine Roberts [email protected] Tel: +27 (46) 603 8756/7572 www.ru.ac.za Cover: Rhodes University researchers Pam Maseko, Nomalanga Mkhize, Heila Lotz-Sisitka, Ruth Simbao, Anthea Garman and Catriona Macleod Cover Photos: Paul Greenway/www.3pphotography.com RESEARCH REPORT 2015 Composite RRR 2015 | Features 11/12/16 1:36 PM Page 2 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K CONTENTS 01 FOREWORD Dr Sizwe Mabizela, Vice-Chancellor 03 INTRODUCTION Dr Peter Clayton, Deputy Vice-Chancellor: Research & Development 05 TOP 30 RESEARCHERS 06 PHD GRADUATES 11 VICE-CHANCELLOR’S BOOK AWARD Professor Anthea Garman 13 VICE-CHANCELLOR’S DISTINGUISHED SENIOR RESEARCH AWARD Professor Catriona Macleod 15 VICE-CHANCELLOR’S DISTINGUISHED RESEARCH AWARD Dr Adrienne Edkins 17 SARChI CHAIRS Professor Heila Lotz-Sisitka, Professor Ruth Simbao and Dr Adrienne Edkins 23 AFRICAN LANGUAGES, SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE Associate Professor Pamela Maseko 25 DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Dr Nomalanga Mkhize RESEARCH REPORT 2015 Composite RRR 2015 | Features 11/12/16 1:34 PM Page 3 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K RHODES RESEARCH 2015 RESEARCH REPORT DEPARTMENT PUBLICATIONS AFFILIATES, INSTITUTES AND 28 Publications from the Vice-Chancellorate -
Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Australia and Utility of DNA Barcodes for Pest Identification in Helicoverpa and Relatives
RESEARCH ARTICLE DNA Barcoding the Heliothinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Australia and Utility of DNA Barcodes for Pest Identification in Helicoverpa and Relatives Andrew Mitchell1*, David Gopurenko2,3 1 Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2 NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia, 3 Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Wagga a11111 Wagga, NSW, Australia * [email protected] Abstract ’ OPEN ACCESS Helicoverpa and Heliothis species include some of the world s most significant crop pests, causing billions of dollars of losses globally. As such, a number are regulated quarantine Citation: Mitchell A, Gopurenko D (2016) DNA species. For quarantine agencies, the most crucial issue is distinguishing native species Barcoding the Heliothinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Australia and Utility of DNA Barcodes for Pest from exotics, yet even this task is often not feasible because of poorly known local faunas Identification in Helicoverpa and Relatives. PLoS and the difficulties of identifying closely related species, especially the immature stages. ONE 11(8): e0160895. doi:10.1371/journal. DNA barcoding is a scalable molecular diagnostic method that could provide the solution to pone.0160895 this problem, however there has been no large-scale test of the efficacy of DNA barcodes Editor: Daniel Doucet, Natural Resources Canada, for identifying the Heliothinae of any region of the world to date. This study fills that gap by CANADA DNA barcoding the entire heliothine moth fauna of Australia, bar one rare species, and com- Received: May 6, 2016 paring results with existing public domain resources. We find that DNA barcodes provide Accepted: July 26, 2016 robust discrimination of all of the major pest species sampled, but poor discrimination of Published: August 10, 2016 Australian Heliocheilus species, and we discuss ways to improve the use of DNA barcodes for identification of pests. -
Developing the ٨ Sterility Technique For
Eleventh Arab Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy. Khartoum. Sudan. 16-20 December 2012 sterility technique for the ٨ Developing the management of the earob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in a pomegranate o rc h a rd s Jouda Mediouni Ben Jemaa1 and Mohamed Habib Dhouibi Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, National Institute of : ١ Agricultural Research of Tunisia, 49 Rue Hedi Karray, 2049, Tunis, Tunisia 2: National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Rue Charles Nicoles, Cite Mahrajene, 2082, Tunis, Tunisia ﺗ ﻀﻴ ﺮ ﺗﻘﺘﻬﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﻢ اﻟﻤﺮاﺛﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﻋﺜﺔ اﻟﺘﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻮل اﻟﺮﻣﺎن ﺟﻮدة اﻟﻤﺪﻳ ﻮﻧ ﻲ ﻳ ﻦ ﺟ ﻤﺎ ﻋ ﺔ ١ و ﻣ ﺼ ﺪ اﻟ ﺤﺒﻴ ﺐ اﻟﺬ وﻳﺒ ﻲ ١ ; ﻣ ﺨ ﺒ ﺮ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﺗﻜﻨﻮوﺟﻴﺎ ا ﻟ ﺘ ﻄ ﺒ ﻴ ﻘ ﻴ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ ا ﻟ ﻤ ﻴ ﺪ ا ن ا ﻟ ﺰ ر ا ﻋ ﻲ، ا ﻟ ﻤ ﻌ ﻬ ﺪ ا ﻟ ﻮ ﻃ ﻨ ﻲ ﻟ ﻠ ﺒ ﺤ ﻮ ث ا ﻟ ﺰ ر ا ﻋ ﻴ ﺔ ﺑ ﺘ ﻮ ﻧ ﺲ، ﺷ ﺎ ر ع ا ﻟ ﻬ ﺎ د ي ا ﻟ ﻜ ﺮ ا ي ٢٠٤٩ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ٢ ; ا ﻟ ﻤ ﻌ ﻬ ﺪ ا ﻟ ﻮ ﻃ ﻨ ﻲ ﻟ ﻠ ﻌ ﻠ ﻮ م ا ﻟ ﻔ ﻻ ﺣ ﻴ ﺔ، ﺷ ﺎ ر ع ﺷ ﺎ ر د ﻧ ﻴ ﻜ ﻮ ل، ﺣ ﻲ ا ﻟ ﻤ ﻬ ﺮ ﺟ ﺎ ن ٢٠٨٢ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻣ ﻠ ﺨ ﺺ ﺗ ﻢ إ ﻧ ﺸ ﺎ ﺀ ﺑ ﺮ ﻧ ﺎ ﻣ ﺞ ﻧ ﻤ ﻮ ذ ﺟ ﻲ ﻟ ﻤ ﻜ ﺎ ﻓ ﺤ ﺔ ﻋ ﺜ ﺔ ا ﻟ ﺘ ﻤ ﺮ ﺑ ﺎ ﻋ ﺘ ﻤ ﺎ د ﺗ ﻘ ﻨ ﻴ ﺔ ﻧ ﺜ ﺮ ا ﻟ ﺤ ﺸ ﺮ ا ت ا ﻟ ﻌ ﻘ ﻴ ﻤ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ ﺣ ﻘ ﻮ ل اﻟﺮﻣﺎن ﺑﺘﻮﻧ ﺲ، وﻗﻊ ﺗ ﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﻢ اﻟﻤﻮر ث ﺿﺪ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﺸﺮة ﻟﻤﺪة أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻮاﺳﻢ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ . -
EPPO PRA on Thaumatotibia
EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE ET MEDITERRANEENNE POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES 13-19032 Pest Risk Analysis for Thaumatotibia leucotreta September 2013 EPPO 21 Boulevard Richard Lenoir 75011 Paris www.eppo.int [email protected] This risk assessment follows the EPPO Standard PM 5/3(5) Decision-support scheme for quarantine pests (available at http://archives.eppo.int/EPPOStandards/pra.htm) and uses the terminology defined in ISPM 5 Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms (available at https://www.ippc.int/index.php). This document was first elaborated by an Expert Working Group and then reviewed by core members and by the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures and if relevant other EPPO bodies. It was finally approved by the Council in September 2013. Cite this document as: EPPO (2013) Pest risk analysis for Thaumatotibia leucotreta. EPPO, Paris. Available at http://www.eppo.int/QUARANTINE/Pest_Risk_Analysis/PRA_intro.htm 1 Guideline on Pest Risk Analysis Decision-support scheme for quarantine pests Version N°5 13-19032 (13-18307, 12-18121) Pest Risk Analysis for Thaumatotibia leucotreta Fig. 1 Adult of T. leucotreta Fig. 2 Larvae of T. leucotreta (courtesy Ms van der Straten) (courtesy Ms van der Straten) Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment Section A: Pest categorization Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment Section B: Probability of entry of a pest Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment Section B: Probability of establishment Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment Section B: Conclusion of introduction Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment Section B: Probability of spread Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment Section B: Eradication, containment of the pest and transient populations Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment Section B: Assessment of potential economic consequences Stage 2: Pest Risk Assessment Section B: Degree of uncertainty and Conclusion of the pest risk assessment Stage 3: Pest Risk Management Expert Working group for PRA for T. -
Ectomyelois Ceratoniae Zeller (Lep., Pyralidae) and Its Control Procedures in Iran
J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci. , 5(12S)743-747, 2015 ISSN: 2090-4274 Journal of Applied Environmental © 2015, TextRoad Publication and Biological Sciences www.textroad.com Ectomyelois ceratoniae zeller (Lep., Pyralidae) and its control procedures in Iran Somaye Rezaei Azqandi 1, Majid Kazazi 2, Fatemeh Abdul Ahadi 3 1- Bu-Ali Sina, [email protected] 2- Bu-Ali Sina, m [email protected] 3- Bu-Ali Sina, [email protected] Received: July24, 2015 Accepted: September 31, 2015 ABSTRACT Ectomyelois Ceratoniae Zeller (Lep: Pyralidae) is the most important factor in reduction of the quality and quantity of pomegranate trees and its damage will lead to flower and fruit abscission in early spring. Iran, which is the world's largest producer of pomegranate, has always faced with Ectomyelois ceratoniae (zeller) as the most important pest that limits the production path of this export-product, so far, these pests have annually reduced 60- 30% of the crop. This kind of pest spends the winter as larva of different ages within the pomegranate, fig and other infected host plants or infected fruits fallen on the ground in the garden. According to the pest life cycle and the larvae activity inside the fruit, the use of chemical pesticides is not effective in pest control. Since Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and using all possible methods to combat these pests, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (zeller), is the only effective way to manage pest damage, investigation of all methods of pest control in Iran and using them simultaneously is the aim of this paper. KEYWORDS: Ectomyelois ceratoniae (zeller), integrated pest management, biological control, agricultural control.