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Ecuador 2019 Crime & Safety Report: Guayaquil

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Ecuador 2019 Crime & Safety Report: Guayaquil Ecuador 2019 Crime & Safety Report: Guayaquil This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office at the U.S. Consulate in Guayaquil, Ecuador. The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report’s publication assesses Ecuador at Level 1, indicating travelers should exercise normal precautions. Do not travel to Esmeraldas, Carchi, and Sucumbíos provinces due to crime. Overall Crime and Safety Situation U.S. Consulate General Guayaquil does not assume responsibility for the professional ability or integrity of the persons or firms appearing in this report. The ACS Unit cannot recommend a particular individual or location and assumes no responsibility for the quality of service provided. Review OSAC’s Ecuador-specific webpage for proprietary analytic reports, Consular Messages, and contact information. Crime Threats There is serious risk from crime in Guayaquil. Crime continues to present a severe problem. The number of home invasions and armed robberies decreased in 2018, but car thefts and homicides increased. Very low rates of apprehension and conviction of criminals – due to limited police and judicial resources – contribute to Ecuador’s high crime rate. While non-violent theft seems to be the most common problem U.S. citizens encounter in Guayaquil and Ecuador in general, violent crimes committed against official Americans and U.S. Citizens have increased. Travel in groups at all times. Pick-pocketing, purse-snatching, robbery, bag-slashing, and hotel room theft are the most common types of non-violent crimes committed against U.S. citizens. These incidents occur throughout Ecuador though there was a slight decrease in 2018. Pickpockets and other petty thieves are particularly active in tourist areas, airports, restaurants, bus terminals, public markets, and grocery stores, and on public transportation and crowded streets. Criminals frequently target backpackers and travelers carrying laptop bags for robbery. Thieves often distract their victims, sometimes by purposefully spilling liquid on a victim and pretending to help clean it up (condiment scam), while accomplices snatch the victim’s bag or pick the victim’s pocket. To lower risk from these or other non-violent crimes, leave valuables in a safe place or do not travel with them. Never carry more than you are willing to lose, and never carry anything you consider priceless or irreplaceable. Make use of hotel safes when available, avoid wearing obviously expensive jewelry or designer clothing, and carry only the necessary cash or credit cards on each outing. Stay alert to pickpockets when in crowds and when taking public transportation, and be conscious of distractions created to target tourists. Maintain a low profile and do not advertise if you are from the United States. 1 Violent crime rates have fluctuated over the last few years, with U.S. citizens being victims of crimes, including homicides, armed assaults, robberies, sexual assaults, and home invasions. Armed or violent robberies occur throughout Ecuador. Many travelers are victims of robbery after using ATMs or when exiting banks. Avoid withdrawing large amounts of cash at one time from banks and ATMs, and use ATMs in protected indoor areas, like well-guarded shopping malls. In some cases, robbers have used motorcycles to approach their victims and flee the scene. Robbers have also victimized tourists at gunpoint on beaches and along hiking trails. Increasing numbers of U.S. citizens have fallen victim to fraud related to their credit/debit cards. “Skimming” is most likely to occur in restaurants, bars, and, at times, hotels, where the skimmer takes the victim's card out of the owner’s view. Take your credit/debit card to the register, and never let the card out of your sight. Pay for items in cash whenever possible, and only use credit cards at larger establishments, such as hotels. Frequently monitor bank accounts and credit card statements. For more information, review OSAC’s Report, The Overseas Traveler’s Guide to ATM Skimmers & Fraud. If you fall victim to express kidnapping and/or robbery, cooperation usually results in the best outcome; nothing material is as valuable as your life. Incidents of sexual assault and rape have increased, including in well-traveled tourist areas. Criminals generally target women who are alone, and use alcohol or incapacitating drugs to rob and/or sexually assault unsuspecting tourists. These so-called date-rape drugs, most often rohypnol and scopolamine, disorient the victim and can cause prolonged unconsciousness and serious medical problems. To lower risk of sexual assault, travel in groups, do not leave food/drink unattended in public places, and never accept a drink from a stranger. For more information, review OSAC’s Report, Shaken: The Don’ts of Alcohol Abroad. Very few U.S. citizens have been victims of murder in Ecuador (four from 2012-2016 and two each in 2017 and 2018). The Ecuadorian government has an emergency hotline, 1-800-DELITO (1-800-335486), to inform police about murders or contract killings. Other Areas of Concern Exercise extreme caution in downtown Guayaquil and the southern part of the city. Tourist sites – the Christ statue (Sagrado Corazon de Jesus) on Cerro del Carmen, the Malecon 2000, and Las Peñas – though well patrolled by police, are targeted by criminals hoping to prey on unsuspecting tourists. There have also been reports of armed robberies at restaurants in the Urdesa and Samborondon areas. U.S. government personnel may travel to the northern bank of the Napo River in Sucumbíos, where tourist lodges are located, in an area approximately four miles wide. The U.S. Government prohibits all other personnel travel to the northern border area, including to the provinces of Sucumbíos, Carchi, and Esmeraldas, without prior permission. 2 Transportation-Safety Situation For more information, review OSAC’s Report, Security in Transit: Airplanes, Public Transport, and Overnights. Road Safety and Road Conditions Although some of Ecuador’s roads and highways have greatly improved in recent years, road travel can be dangerous, especially at night. Some roads are in poor condition or affected by heavy rains and mudslides. Mountain roads may lack safety features (e.g. crash barriers, guardrails). Heavy fog frequently makes conditions more treacherous. Highways often lack markings, lighting, and signage. In addition, slow-moving buses and trucks frequently stop in the middle of the road unexpectedly. In the countryside, livestock moves along roads or grazes on roadsides. Pedestrians frequently use roads, as sidewalks are often missing. Road travel after dark is especially hazardous in all areas of the country. Driving practices differ from U.S. standards. Drivers often disobey traffic laws and signals. Buses stop without warning to pick up/drop off passengers. Drivers often turn from any lane, and rarely yield to pedestrians/cyclists. You could encounter intoxicated drivers; chances of a drunk-driving accident are higher on weekends and local holidays. On the coast in particular, many vehicles are in poorly condition, and breakdowns are common. For more information on self-driving, review OSAC’s Report Driving Overseas: Best Practices. Police may take any driver involved in an accident where injuries are involved or the driver does not have insurance into custody, even the driver is not at fault. If injuries or damages are serious, the driver may face criminal charges. To avoid carjacking or theft from a vehicle stopped at an intersection, should keep doors locked and windows rolled up at all times. “Smash and grabs” occur when thieves break into parked vehicles, but have also occurred in slow-moving or stopped traffic, particularly targeting women driving alone. Public Transportation Conditions In Guayaquil, security on public transportation is a major concern. U.S. government employees may not hailing taxis from the street, an action that raises your susceptibility to the threat of secuestro express (express kidnapping). Secuestro express presents a significant safety concern, especially in Guayaquil (but also in Manta and with increasing regularity in Quito). Shortly after the passenger enters a taxi, armed accomplices of the driver typically intercepted the vehicle, threaten passengers with weapons, rob passengers of their personal belongings, and force victims to withdraw money from ATMs. Increasingly, victims have been beaten or sexually assaulted during these incidents. Call known taxi services by phone, or use a service affiliated with major hotels. Registered taxis are yellow, display matching unit numbers on their windshields and doors, feature a taxi cooperative name on the door, and have orange license plates. Express kidnappers have victimized passengers even in taxis that meet these criteria. 3 Intra- and inter-city bus passengers are often targets of crime, including robbery and sexual assault. Numerous bus accidents occur every year in Ecuador. Many buses are overcrowded, in poor condition, and lack seatbelts and other safety features. Armed criminals have boarded local city buses and robbed passengers of valuables. There have been instances in which criminals block routes between cities, forcing a bus to stop and then boarding to rob passengers. Thieves often steal luggage stowed below the bus, in overhead racks, or at a traveler’s feet. Aviation/Airport Conditions Aviation is generally the safest mode of travel within Ecuador. However, armed robbers have targeted arriving passengers by following them from the airports in Quito and Guayaquil. Examples include multiple vehicles that cut off and intercept a victim, as well as a single motorcycle rider who robs a victim getting out of a car. The perpetrators appear to focus on travelers returning from overseas trips laden with gifts and large amounts of cash. Terrorism Threat Local, Regional, and International Terrorism Threats/Concerns There is moderate risk from terrorism in Guayaquil. Terrorism in Ecuador is a rare occurrence. Attacks in Ecuador have traditionally involved small domestic organizations as well as Colombian dissident groups (FARC and ELN) operating within Ecuador's borders.
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