Sher Shah Suri (C) Ibrahim Lodhi Babar Had Spent Hardly _____ Days in Samarkand
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Indian History - Dynasties #4
TISS GK Preparation | Indian History - Dynasties #4 TISS GK Preparation Series: GK is a very important section for TISS especially since the verbal and the quant sections are relatively easy. Hence, getting a good score in GK can easily be the difference between getting a TISS call and not getting one. To help you ace this section, we are starting a series of articles devoted to topics commonly asked in the TISS GK section. We hope that this will help you in your preparation. Every article will also be available in PDF format. Here is our #4 article in this series: Indian History – Dynasties. Indian History is a very important topic for TISS with a lot of questions asked on dynasties, ancient India, etc. To help you, we have compiled a list of the important dynasties of India with a little detail on each. Also, this has been presented in a chronological order. Sr. Dynasty/Empire Detail No. 1 Magadha The core of this kingdom was the area of Bihar south of the Ganges; its first capital was Rajagriha (modern Rajgir) then Pataliputra (modern Patna). Magadha played an important role in the development of Jainism and Buddhism, and two of India's greatest empires, the Maurya Empire and Gupta Empire, originated from Magadha. 2 Maurya The Maurya Empire (322–185 BCE) was the first empire to unify India into one state, and was the largest on the Indian subcontinent. The empire was established by Chandragupta Maurya in Magadha (in modern Bihar) when he overthrew the Nanda Dynasty. Chandragupta's son Bindusara succeeded to the throne around 297 BC. -
Phoolwalon Ki Sair.Indd 1 27/07/12 1:21 PM 1
CORONATION To the south of the western gateway is the tomb of Qutb Sahib. was meant for the grave of Bahadur Shah Zafar, who was however PARK It is a simple structure enclosed by wooden railings. The marble exiled after the Mutiny and died in Burma. balustrade surrounding the tomb was added in 1882. The rear wall To the north-east of the palace enclosure lies an exquisite mosque, Phoolwalon was added by Fariduddin Ganj-e-Shakar as a place of prayer. The the Moti Masjid, built in white marble by Bahadur Shah I in the early western wall is decorated with coloured fl oral tiles added by the eighteenth century as a private mosque for the royal family and can be Delhi Metro Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. approached from the palace dalan as well as from the Dargah Complex. Route 6 ki Sair The screens and the corner gateways in the Dargah Complex were Civil Ho Ho Bus Route built by the Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar. The mosque of Qutb Lines Heritage Route Sahib, built in mid-sixteenth century by Islam Shah Suri, was later QUTBUDDIN BAKHTIYAR KAKI DARGAH AND ZAFAR added on to by Farrukhsiyar. MAHAL COMPLEX The Dargah of Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki continues to be a sacred place for the pilgrims of different religions. Every week on Thursday 5 SHAHJAHANABAD Red Fort and Friday qawwali is also performed in the dargah. 5. ZAFAR MAHAL COMPLEX 6 Kotla 9 Connaught Firoz Shah Adjacent to the western gate of the Dargah of Place Jantar Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki, this complex Mantar 2 7 8 NEW DELHI has various structures built in 3 Route 5 1 Rashtrapati the eighteenth and nineteenth 4 Bhavan Purana century. -
Consequences and Significance of Second Battle of Panipat
International Journal of Advanced Research and Development International Journal of Advanced Research and Development ISSN: 2455-4030 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.24 www.advancedjournal.com Volume 3; Issue 2; March 2018; Page No. 19-21 Consequences and significance of second battle of Panipat Karmvir Department of History, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India Abstract The Second Battle of Panipat was fought between the forces of Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, popularly called Hemu, the Hindu king who was ruling North India from Delhi, and the army of Akbar, on November 5, 1556. It was a decisive victory for Akbar's generals Khan Zaman I and Bairam Khan. Background On January 24, 1556, the Mughal ruler Humanyun died in Delhi and was succeeded by his son, Akbarat Kalanaur, who was only thirteen years old. Keywords: Panipat, battle, war, second, causes, results etc. Introduction to free their nation, yet Bairam Khan ruled for war. Akbar's On February 14, 1556, Akbar was enthroned as the king. At armed force walked towards Delhi. On November 5, the two the time of his accession to the throne, the Mughal rule was armed forces met at the memorable combat zone of Panipat, confined to Kabul, Kandahar, parts of Delhi and Punjab. where, thirty years sooner, Akbar's granddad Babur had Akbar was then battling in Kabul with his watchman, Bairam crushed Ibrahim Lodi in what is presently known as the First Khan. Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya or Hemu was a Battle of Panipat. H.G.Keen expresses; "Akbar and his Hindu head in Delhi by ethicalness of vanquishing watchman Bairam Khan did not take an interest in the fight Akbar/Humanyun's armed force in Battle for Delhi. -
Salimgarh Fort, Delhi
Salimgarh Fort Salimgarh Fort, Delhi Salimgarh Fort was constructed by Islam Shah Suri son of Sher Shah Suri. Humayun camped here for three days before attacking and defeating Sikandar Suri, the last ruler of Sur dynasty. During the Mughal period, the fort came inside the precincts of Red Fort. This tutorial will let you know about the history of the fort along with the structures present inside. You will also get the information about the best time to visit it along with how to reach the fort. Audience This tutorial is designed for the people who would like to know about the history of Salimgarh Fort along with the interiors and design of the fort. This fort is visited by many people from India and abroad. Prerequisites This is a brief tutorial designed only for informational purpose. There are no prerequisites as such. All that you should have is a keen interest to explore new places and experience their charm. Copyright & Disclaimer Copyright 2017 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute, or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness, or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. -
Shershah College, Sasaram Self Study Reports 2017
SHERSHAH COLLEGE, SASARAM SELF STUDY REPORTS 2017 Estd.1975 SHERSHAH COLLEGE (A Constituent Unit of Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar ) Canal Road, Kuraich, Sasaram, Rohtas – Bihar Website : www.shershahcollege.co.in E-mail – [email protected] Phone No – 06184-222047 FAX – 06184-222047 Submission Date: 24/03/2017 Self Study Report 1st Cycle Submitted to NAAC, Bangalore Page 1 of 238 SHERSHAH COLLEGE, SASARAM SELF STUDY REPORTS 2017 From, The Principal Shershah College Canal Road, Kuraich, Sasaram, Rohtas, Bihar - 821115 College E-mail : [email protected] To, The Director National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), Nagarbhavi, Bangalore 560 072, India Respected Sir, I am hereby uploading on the college website (www.shershahcollege.co.in ) and dispatching the Self Study Report (SSR) prepared by our team of teachers and staffs coordinated by Prof. Rajendra Prasad Singh, Dept. of Physics and Sachida Nand Singh, Librarian of the college. Kindly note that it is for validation of SSR for the first cycle of assessment and accreditation. As required, online submit LOI and five hard copies and soft copy of the SSR and compact disc (CD) along with the soft copies to be submitted to NAAC, P.O. Box No.1075, Nagarbhavi, Bangalore 560 072 soon. With Regards and warm wishes, Yours Sincerely, [Dr. Narendra Kumar] Principal Shershah College Canal Road, Kuraich, Sasaram, Rohtas, Bihar - 821115 Page 2 of 238 SHERSHAH COLLEGE, SASARAM SELF STUDY REPORTS 2017 NAAC STEERING COMMITTEE 1. Dr. Narendra Kumar, Principal Chairman 2. Prof. Rajendra Prasad Singh, Dept. of Physics Co-ordinator 3. Sachida Nand Singh, Librarian Co-ordinator (Technical) 4. -
D E P a Rtm E N T O F D Ista N C E Ed U C a Tio N Pu N Ja B I U N Ive Rsity
Department of Distance Education Punjabi University, Patiala (All Copyrights are Reserved) 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 Nos Lesson (SEMESTER-II) I PART- B.A. Note : Note UNIT UNIT NO. : 2 : : : : departments website www.dccpbi.com website departments the from syllabus the download can Students : : : : Sher Shah Suri and His- Administration His- and Suri Shah Sher Babur under Empire Mughal of Establishment : Mughals the under Life Economic and Social Systems Mansabdari and Revenue Land Administra Judicial and Mughals the of Provincial Central, Administration and Conquests His : Shivaji Mughals the of Policy Religious Mughals the of Policy Rajput HISTORY OF INDIA : 1000-1707 A.D. 1000-1707 : INDIA OF HISTORY HISTORY-PAPER- B HISTORY-PAPER- tion B.A. PART -I HISTORY - PAPER B (SEMESTER-II) (HISTORY OF INDIA 1000-1707 A.D.) LESSON NO. 2.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MUGHAL EMPIRE UNDER BABUR Birth and Dynasty : With the coming of Babur, a new era of political power, religious tolerance, culture, civilization, administration and development of literatrue begins in the history of India, Babur was born on 14th Febraury, 1483. His father's name was Umar Sheikh Mirza and his mother's Qutlus Nigar Khanum. His parents were the residents of the fertile state of Ferghana. This state was surounded with mountains on three sides. Some historians are of the opinion that the word 'Babur' was Arabic word 'Babar'. But Vincent Smith says that Turkish word 'Babur' and Arabic word 'Babbar' are not the same. According to Smith, its meannig is lion (Tigris Regalis). -
A Sanskrit Vision of Mughal Conquests Audrey Truschke*
South Asian History and Culture Vol. 3, No. 3, July 2012, 373–396 Setting the record wrong: a Sanskrit vision of Mughal conquests Audrey Truschke* Department of Middle Eastern, South Asian, and African Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA In 1589, Padmasagara¯ wrote the first Sanskrit account of the Mughal rise to power within a short poem titled Jagadgurukavya¯ (Poem on the Teacher of the World). The work primarily eulogizes the life of a Jain religious leader named H¯ıravijaya, but Padmasagara¯ devotes one-third of the text to detailing the military exploits of Humayun and Akbar. Moreover, Padmasagara¯ departs significantly from known Indo-Persian his- toriography and imagines a startlingly innovative storyline for the early days of the Mughal Empire. Through this substantial rewriting, he furthermore consistently depicts the coerced establishment of Mughal rule as engendering the flourishing of Indian cultural and religious traditions. In this article, I provide the first detailed account of Padmasagara’s¯ presentation of the battles of Humayun and Akbar to secure their claims over the subcontinent. I then seek to understand the motivations that fuelled this par- ticular narrative by placing Jagadgurukavya¯ in the context of Gujarati relations with the Mughal court, Jain religious interests and historical sensibilities in early modern India. In his account of the early Mughal Empire, Padmasagara¯ crafts a political vision in which history is not constituted by a set of unchangeable facts but rather by a range of potential cultural implications that can be best realized through literature. His ambi- tious narrative about the recent past has important implications for how we understand early modern Sanskrit historiography and its relationship to Mughal power. -
Mughal Empire
Mughal Empire [8][2] (translit. Mughliyah Saltanat , ﻣﻐﻠﯿ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺖ :The Mughal Empire (Urdu Mughal Empire , ﮔﻮرﮐﺎﻧﯿﺎن :or Mogul Empire,[9] self-designated as Gurkani (Persian (Persian) ﮔﻮرﮐﺎﻧﯿﺎن Gūrkāniyān, meaning "son-in-law"),[10] was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by a Muslim Gūrkāniyān (Urdu) ﻣﻐﻠﯿ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺖ dynasty with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia,[11][12][13] but with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage Mug̱ liyah Salṭanat alliances;[14][15] only the first two Mughal emperors were fully Central Asian, 1526–1540 while successive emperors were of predominantly Rajput and Persian 1555–1857 ancestry.[16] The dynasty was Indo-Persian in culture,[17] combining Persianate culture[9][18] with local Indian cultural influences[17] visible in its traits and customs.[19] The Mughal Empire at its peak extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent[6] and large parts of Afghanistan. It was the second largest empire to have existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning approximately four million square kilometres at its zenith,[5] after only the Maurya Empire, which spanned approximately five million square kilometres. The Mughal Empire ushered in a period of proto-industrialization,[20] and around the 17th century, Mughal India The empire at its greatest extent, in the became the world's largest economic power, accounting for 24.4% of world late 17th and early 18th centuries GDP,[21] and the world leader in manufacturing,[22] producing 25% of global Capital Agra (1526–1540; [23] industrial output up until the 18th century. The Mughal Empire is considered 1555–1571; 1598– [24] "India's last golden age" and one of the three Islamic Gunpowder Empires 1648) [25] (along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia). -
MEHRAULI VILLAGE © the British Library Board
MEHRAULI VILLAGE © The British Library Board. (Add.Or.4815) Mehrauli, lying on the south-west of Delhi is one of the most several historic structures dating from the Rajput, Sultanate, Mughal, important group of villages which developed around the shrine of the and colonial periods. These include mosques, the shrine or dargah Sufi saint Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki, popularly known as Qutb Sahib. of Qutb Sahib, tombs, temples, etc. In addition to this the market He was born in Central Asia but came to India during the reign of spine is lined with secular buildings of the late Mughal period while Iltutmish as a disciple of Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti of Ajmer. The the village has its own traditional local architecture. The central spine settlement of Mehrauli has evolved over several centuries, each layer divides the village into two parts. The eastern side consists leaving an imprint of its own in the development of the village. of the dargah of Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki and the palace Probably the oldest area of Delhi to have been continuously inhabited, remains of Zafar Mahal, the other side consisting primarily the Mehrauli village is adjacent to the site of the fortified city of Tomar of the oldest residential cluster of the ‘urban village’. Rajputs, Lal Kot, founded in AD 1060. In the subsequent centuries the During the festival of Urs, commemorating the death anniversary of the population of Mehrauli expanded to spread across the area outside the Sufi saint Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki, the shrine as well as the historic walls of the fortification. Lal Kot functioned as the capital city for more Auliya Masjid become sites of pilgrimage. -
Mughal Rule Interrupted
Notion Press Old No. 38, New No. 6 McNichols Road, Chetpet Chennai - 600 031 First Published by Notion Press 2017 Copyright © Debabrata Maulik 2017 All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-1-948147-37-8 This book has been published with all reasonable efforts taken to make the material error-free after the consent of the author. No part of this book shall be used, reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission from the author, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. The Author of this book is solely responsible and liable for its content including but not limited to the views, representations, descriptions, statements, information, opinions and references [“Content”]. The Content of this book shall not constitute or be construed or deemed to reflect the opinion or expression of the Publisher or Editor. Neither the Publisher nor Editor endorse or approve the Content of this book or guarantee the reliability, accuracy or completeness of the Content published herein and do not make any representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose. The Publisher and Editor shall not be liable whatsoever for any errors, omissions, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident, or any other cause or claims for loss or damages of any kind, including without limitation, indirect or consequential loss or damage arising out of use, inability to use, or about the reliability, -
Afghan Sultanates, 1260–1732
one Afghan Sultanates, 1260–1732 The fame of Bahlol and of Sher Shah too, resounds in my ears Afghan Emperors of India, who swayed its sceptre effectively and well. For six or seven generations, did they govern so wisely, That all their people were filled with admiration of them. Either those Afghans were different, or these have greatly changed. Khushhal Khan Khattak Amongst the Afghan tribes it is indisputable that where one [tribe] possesses more men than the other, that tribe will set out to destroy the other. Sher Shah Suri1 odern histories of Afghanistan generally regard 1747 as the founding date of the modern state of Afghanistan.2 This is because in that year Ahmad Shah, a young Afghan of the M‘Abdali tribe, who later adopted the regnal name of Durrani, established an independent kingdom in Kandahar and founded a monarchy that, in one expression or another, ruled Afghanistan until 1978. In fact the history of Afghan rule in the Iranian–Indian frontier can be traced back many centuries before the birth of Ahmad Shah. Nor was Ahmad Shah the first Afghan, or member of his family or tribe, to rule an independent kingdom. In 1707 Mir Wa’is, of the Hotak Ghilzai tribe of Kandahar, rebelled against Safavid Persia and founded a kingdom that lasted for more than thirty years. In 1722 Mir Wa’is’ son, Shah Mahmud, even invaded Persia and displaced the Safavid monarch and for seven years ruled an empire that stretched from Kandahar to Isfahan. Even after Mir Wa’is’ descendants were thrown out of Persia, they continued to rule Kandahar and south- eastern Afghanistan until 1738. -
Mughal Empire (1526-40 and 1555- 1857)
Mughal Empire (1526-40 and 1555- 1857) The Mughal empire was one of the greatest empires that ruled over India for over 300 years. Rules of Mughal Empire are given below. Babur (1526-30) • The Mughal empire was founded by Babur after defeating Ibrahim Lodhi in the battle of Panipat on April 21, 1526. • In 1527, Babur defeated Rana Sanga of Mewar at Khanwa which is known as the battle of Khanwa. • In 1528, he defected Medani Rai of Chaneri at Chanderi and which is known as the battle of Chanderi. • In 1529, he defected Muhammad Lodhi (uncle of Ibrahim Lodhi) at Ghaghra. • In 1530, he died at Agra. • Babur tomb is at Kabul. • He wrote his autobiography Tuzuk-i-Baburi in Turki. Humayun (1530-40 and 1555-56) • Humayun was the son of Babur and ascended the throne in 1530. • He fought two battles against Sher Shah at Chausa (1539) and at Kannauj/Bilgram (1540) and was completely defeated by him. • He escaped to Iran where he passed 12 years of his life in exile. • After Sher Shah’s death, Humayun invaded India in 1555 and defeated his brothers the Afghans. He once again became the ruler of India. • He died while climbing down the stairs of his library (at Din Panah) in 1556 and buried in Delhi. • His sister Gulbadan Begum, wrote his biography Humayunama. • He built Din Panah at Delhi as his second capital. Sur Empire (Second Afghan Empire): 1540-55 Sher Shah Suri (1540-45) • Sher Shah was son of Hasan Khan, the Jagirdar of Sasaram.