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Information to Users INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the roicrofihn master. UMI fihns the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Î.POPOL VUH, o K’l POP WUJ? LOS TEXTOS Y SUS CLAVES EPISTEMOLOGICAS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Carlos M. Ldpez ***** 1995 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. Maureen Ahem Dr. Jaime Giordano Advisor Dr. Fernando Unzueta Department of Spanish and Portuguese UMI Number: 9612233 Copyright 1995 by Lopez, Carlos M. All rights reserved. UMI Microform 9612233 Copyright 1996, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Copyright by Carlos M. Lôpez 1995 AGRADECIMIENTOS En primer lugar quiero expresar mi agradecimiento a la Dra. Maureen Ahem, por su valioso apoyo y cooperacion durante el proceso de redaccion y correccion de esta tests, especialmente en la etapa del viaje de investigacion. También mi agradecimiento a los restantes miembros del comité de Disertaciôn, Dr. Jaime Giordano y Dr. Fernando Unzueta, por el respaldo y colaboracion que me brindaron en todo momento. No quiero olvidarme del Dr. Ben Heller, quién durante mucho tiempo me acompano en esta tarea, cooperando también con sus aportes. Un agradecimiento muy especial a toda mi familia, mi esposa Cristina, y mis hijos Cecilia, Joaquin y Manuel, por la infinita paciencia y generosidad con la que cada uno de ellos a su manera contribuyo, para que esta labor culminara exitosamente. Mi gratitud a todos los que colaboraron durante el viaje de investigacion en los archivos y en los centros especializados de Ciudad México y de Guatemala. A toda la gente de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, a todo el personal de la Biblioteca de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, a los encargados de la Academia de Geograffa e Historia de Guatemala, a la Academia de Lenguas Mayas de Guatemala, y al Centro de Investigaciones Régionales de Mesoamérica (CIRMA), en Antigua Guatemala. Agradezco al Latin American Studies Program for Tinker Grant, al Graduate School por el otorgamiento del Graduate Student Alumni Research Award, y a la fundacidn Loann Crane Award for Hispanic Studies, que proveyeron los fondos e hicieron posible este viaje. También el reconocimiento a mis amigos Jorge Trigo y Christine McIntyre, por su apoyo y paciencia en muchas de las etapas de este trabajo. A Leonor Escuder, amiga y atenta lectora, por sus agudas y valiosas sugerencias. Finalmente, a mis amigos Rosemary McEwen, Carlos Rodriguez McGill, Janette Liitecke, Cileine de Lourenço, Gloria Ocano y Melinda Robinson, muchas gracias por las distintas formas en que me ayudaron. Ill VITA June 2, 1950 ...................................Bom, Mercedes, Uruguay 1968 .............................................B.A., "Institute José Maria Campos", Mercedes 1976 .............................................Degree: Profesor de Literatura; "Institute de Profesores Artigas", Montevideo, Uruguay 1977-1992 .................................... Upper Division High School Teacher Montevideo, Uruguay 1991-1992 .................................... Professor of Literary Theory, "Institute de Profesores Artigas", Montevideo, Uruguay 1992-1995 .................................... Graduate Teaching Associate, Department of Spanish and Portuguese, The Ohio State University 1995 .............................................Recipient of Tinker Foundation Travel Grant 1995 .............................................Recipient of OSU Graduate Student Alumni Research Award 1995 .............................................Recipient of Loann Crane Award for Hispanic Studies 1995 .............................................Assistant Professor, Department of Modern Languages of Marshall University, West Virginia. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Spanish and Portuguese Specialization: Colonial and Contemporary Spanish-American Literatures Minor Field: Literary Theory IV INDICE CONTENIDOS Pag. AGRADECIMIENTOS .......................................................................................................ii VITA .......................................................................................................................................iv INDICE DE FIGURAS.........................................................................................................viii INDICE DE ILÜSTRACIONES............................................................................................ ix CAPITULO I. INTRODUCCION........................................................................................ 2 Investigacion precedente ............................................................................................ 3 Metas de la investigacion ......................................................................................24 Marco teorico-crftico ................................................................................................ 28 Método y c o rp u s ..................................................................................................... 34 H ip ô te s is ..................................................................................................................... 45 Topicos especiTicos ..................................................................................................... 47 CAPITULO II. TEXTOS, LECTURAS Y PRESENTACIONES. LA JUSTIFICACION DE UN ORDENAMIENTO POSIBLE................................... 54 1. El texto: fragmentariedad y palimpseste ........................................................ 56 -Diversidad de fuentes ............................................................................................ 56 -El palimpseste ..................................................................................................... 67 2. Catalogo de las lecturas implicitas en las traducciones ...............................73 -Catâlogo de tftulos ..................................................................................................74 -Catalogo de partes en que se han dividido y presentado los textes .......................................................................... 85 3. Propuesta ................................................................................................................. 107 -Denominacion del manuscrite .............................................................................107 -Division y ordenamiento de los te x te s .......................................................... 113 CAPITULO III. PERTENENCIA Y HEGEMONIA, O LOS ORIGENES DEL GUERRERO «SABIO-BRUJO-MAGO». .124 1. Unidad, dioses/ naguales y hegemoma ...........................................................130 -Unidad y teologîa: Tojil en el centre del p o d e r ...........................................130 -El «origen comün» y el discurso hegem ônico ...........................................138 2. Gucumatz: el modelo guerrero sacerd otal ................................................148 -El nagual y el poder guerrero .......................................................................... 149 -Tojil: poder y sacrificio .....................................................................................160 -Sacrificio e inscripciôn en los signes del p o d e r ...........................................170 -La legitimaciôn em blem âtica .......................................................................... 174 CAPITULO IV. LAS HISTORIAS DE LOS SERES PRODIGIOSOS: BINARISMOS Y TRANSFORMACIONES..................................... 180 1. Distintas expresiones del m ovim iento ...........................................................187 -Binarismos y ciclos de una dialéctica dinâm ica ...........................................187 -Reversibilidad, transformaciôn y evolucion: la dialéctica clânico- generacional ................................................................196 -Transformaciôn y evolucion: la superaciôn de los ciclos ..............................201 2. Las diferencias en los registros del signo .....................................................205
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