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VSE ZA ZGODOVINO Št. 1-2 Dunja Dobaja Miran Aplinc Boris GOLEC Stanislav JUžNič Dragica čEč Andreas GOLOB XIX,leto 2012 Marko ZAJC Simona LEšNjaK VSE ZA ZGODOVINO št. 1-2 Dunja DObaja Miran APLINC CENA: 20 € 2012 XIX, leto št. VSE, ZA 1-2, ZGODOVINA ZGODOVINA ZA VSE VSE ZA ZGODOVINO ZGODOVINA ZA VSE, leto XIX, 2012, št. 1-2 ISSN 1318–2498 VSEBINA Zgodbe, ki jih piše življenje Boris Golec Lažni Valvasor nehote prispeva k razkritju usode zamolčanih pravih Valvasorjev 5 O dveh »izobčencih« Valvasorjeve rodbine iz srede 17. stoletja in o polihistorjevem čiščenju rodbinskega debla DER FALSCHE VALVASOR TRÄGT UNGEWOLLT ZUR ENTHÜLLUNG DES SCHICKSALS DER VERSCHWIEGENEN ECHTEN VALVASORS BEI Über zwei »Ausgestoßene« des Geschlechtes Valvasor aus der Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts und die Säuberung des Stammbaumes durch den Polyhistor Stanislav Južnič Tudi knjige rade potujejo prek oceanov, mar ne? 39 O popotovanjih kranjskih knjig med Indijance, da o izpitu barona Zoisa niti ne govorimo AUCH BÜCHER REISEN GERNE ÜBER OZEANE, NICHT WAHR? Über die Reisen von Krainer Büchern unter die Indianer, nicht zu vergessen das Examen von Baron Zois Dragica Čeč Življenjske usode poslov 56 LEBENSSCHICKSALE VON DIENSTBOTEN Andreas Golob Mladostna leta v Mariboru 82 Dnevnik zoologa Karla Heiderja 1870-1873 JUGENdjAHRE IN MARIBOR/MARBURG AN DER DRAU Das Tagebuch des Zoologen Karl Heider 1870 – 1873 Marko Zajc Sotla, majhna voda 101 Reka Sotla kot naravna, politična in ideološka meja v 19. in začetku 20. stoletja SOTLA, DAS KLEINE WASSER Der Fluss Sotla als natürliche, politische und ideologische Grenze im 19. und zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts Simona Lešnjak Srebro golk, zlato molk! 114 O zabavi in popivanju slovenskih študentov v 19. stoletju REDEN IST SILBER, SCHWEIGEN IST GOLD! Über die Vergnügen und die Zecherei slowenischer Studenten im 19. Jahrhundert Dunja Dobaja Pregled razvoja zdravstvene zakonodaje v Avstro-Ogrski monarhiji v letih 1867-1918 121 EIN ÜBERBLICK ÜBER DIE SANITÄTSGESETZGEBUNG IN DER ÖSTERREIchisch-unGARISCHEN MONARCHIE IN DEN JAHREN 1867 BIS 1918 Miran Aplinc »Med onimi delavci, ki so sejali med ljudstvo narodno zavest« 136 Dr. Fran Mayer v Šoštanju »UNTER JENEN TÄTIGEN, DIE DAS NATIONALE BEWUSSTSEIN IM VOLK SÄten« Dr. Fran Mayer in Šoštanj Zapisi Marija Mojca Peternel Nemški časopisi v letu 1848 kot izraz meščanske revolucije pri Slovencih 148 Matej Ocvirk Drobci iz časopisnih črnih kronik o Celju (1894-1899) 153 Natalija Mihelčić »Moški vzdihujejo za tobakom, ženske za kavo, otroci pa za kruhom« 159 Razmere na Kočevskem v času prve svetovne vojne na primeru župnije Banja Loka S knjižne police Bojan Himmelreich Arbanasi, Arnavti, Šiptarji, Albanci 166 Jože Kranjec Živeti od ljubezni do zgodovine 168 Marija Počivavšek Poti in stranpoti slovenske tranzicije 170 V spomin Tone Kregar Našemu Branetu v slovo 172 Boris Golec Lažni Valvasor nehote prispeva k razkritju usode zamolčanih pravih Valvasorjev O dveh »izobčencih« Valvasorjeve rodbine iz srede 17. stoletja in o polihistorjevem čiščenju rodbinskega debla GOLEC Boris, izr. prof. dr., znanstveni svetnik, GOLEC Boris, Assistant Professor, PhD, Senior Researcher, Zgodovinski inštitut Milka Kosa ZRC SAZU, Novi trg 2, Milko Kos Historical Institute, Scientific Research Centre, SI-1000 Ljubljana, [email protected] Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Novi trg 2, SI- 1000 Ljubljana, [email protected] 929.52Valvasor 929.52Valvasor Lažni ValvasoR neHote PRispeva K RAZKRitJU Usode ZamolčaniH PRaviH A False ValvasoR UnintentionallY Helps ValvasoRJev UncoveR THE Hidden DestinY OF TRUE O dveh »izobčencih« Valvasorjeve rodbine iz srede 17. ValvasoRS stoletja in o polihistorjevem čiščenju rodbinskega debla Two “Outcasts” from the Valvasor family in mid-17th century and the polymath’s cleansing of the family tree Prevare, ki jih je s pisanjem pisem na hannovrski in poljski dvor zagrešil lažni Jurij Sigmund Valvasor, so tega moža neugo- The frauds that the false Jurij Sigmund Valvasor committed by tovljenega imena in izvora leta 1714 privedle v pripor. Sleparjevo sending letters to the Hanover and Polish Courts were the acts of izmišljeno sklicevanje na sorodstvo z rodbino kranjskih baronov a man of unknown name and origin, who, as a result, ended up in Valvasorjev je nemudoma sprožilo uradno poizvedovanje o nje- detention in 1714. The fraudster’s false claims of kinship with the govi identiteti. Tako so v Gradcu zaslišali edinega tamkajšnjega family of Carniolan Barons of Valvasor immediately spurred an Valvasorja, deželnostanovskega puškarskega mojstra Gregorja official investigation into his identity. Thus in Graz, the only local Ferdinanda, ki ni vedel nič o domnevnem priprtem sorodniku, Valvasor, Gregor Ferdinand, an estates-of-the-realm gunsmith zato pa je v kratkih odgovorih na šest vprašanj nehote razkril master, was interrogated. He knew nothing about the detained dragocena dejstva o dveh pravih kranjskih Valvasorjih in nju- supposed relative; however, his brief answers to six questions nem potomstvu. Prvi je bil njegov oče Jurij Sigmund in drugi unintentionally reveal precious facts about two real Carniolan očetov bratranec Janez Ditrih, sicer pa je šlo za bratranca in brata Valvasors and their descendants. The first was his father Jurij znamenitega kranjskega polihistorja Janeza Vajkarda Valvasorja Sigismund; the second his father’s cousin Janez Ditrih. The former (1641–1693). O njuni usodi je bilo doslej znanega zelo malo: oba was cousin and the latter brother of the famous polymath Janez sta se poročila z ženskama nižjega stanu, naletela s tem na ostro Vajkard Valvasor (1641-1693). Until now, very little was known nasprotovanje sorodnikov in zapustila Kranjsko. Janez Vajkard about the destiny of these two men: both married women of a Valvasor v rodovniku rodbine Valvasor zato ni upošteval njunega lower class; this was opposed by their relatives, who made them potomstva, ampak je zgolj lakonsko zapisal, da sta se izselila iz leave Carniola. As a result, Janez Vajkard Valvasor omitted their dežele, in ju označil kot pokojna. Zdaj se je izkazalo, da je bila descendants from the Valvasor family tree; he only made the usoda obeh zapečatena v istem letu 1657, da nobeden od njiju laconic remark that they had left the province and proclaimed ni odšel daleč in da so se njuni sinovi v začetku 18. stoletja po them deceased. It now turns out that their fate was sealed in the naključju srečali v Gradcu. Dragoceni novi podatki v kratki izjavi same year of 1657, that neither had gone far away and that their graškega puškarskega mojstra Valvasorja iz leta 1715 so namreč sons met accidentally in Graz at the beginning of the 18th century. omogočili povezati skromna dejstva v celoto. Kar je Janez Vaj- Invaluable new data from a short statement of the gunsmith mas- kard Valvasor o svoji rodbini hotel prikriti, je nazadnje pomagal ter Valvasor frin 1715 have helped connect the scarce facts into razkriti lažni Valvasor, slepar, ki si je nemara prav po polihistorju a mosaic. The facts about his family that Janez Vajkard Valvasor nadel priimek Valvasor. wanted to hide came to light with the help of a false Valvasor, a fraudster, who may have chosen his family name after the very Ključne besede: Valvasor, plemstvo, stanovsko neprimerni polymath Valvasor. poroki, zamolčani rodbinski veji, Klevišče, Polšnik, Ojstrica pri Vranskem, Gradec Key words: Valvasor, nobility, cross-class marriage, hidden family tree branch, Klevišče, Polšnik, Ojstrica pri Vranskem, Graz VSE ZA ZGODOVINO 5 ZGODOVINA ZA VSE leto XIX, 2012, št. 1-2 Na lažnega Valvasorja, brez katerega naše zgodbe ne sor«, ki si je nemara prav po polihistorju nadel priimek bi bilo, četudi ima v njej kot tak zgolj stransko vlogo, je kranjske plemiške rodbine. že konec 19. stoletja opozoril Peter Radics v Ljubljan- skem zvonu in nato še v podlistku o Valvasorjih, ki je Uradno poizvedovanje o lažnem Valvasorju izhajal v časniku Laibacher Zeitung.1 Vse védenje o njem doseže pravega Valvasorja v Gradcu je povzel iz 17. zvezka zbornika »Die Europaische Fama« (1736 ali 1751), v katerem je na nekaj straneh precej na- Četudi Radicsev »slepar Valvasor« z našo zgodbo tančno opisano neslavno početje nekega sleparja v letih nima neposredne zveze, si vseeno oglejmo, kaj je za- med 1714 in 1716. Ta mož neugotovljene identitete je grešil in s čim je torej leta 1715 sprožil poizvedovanje, Radicsevo pozornost pritegnil zato, ker se je ob prijetju katerega ugotovitve so skoraj tristo let pozneje odločilno izdajal za kranjskega plemiča Valvasorja in ker je po pripomogle k rekonstrukciji nadaljnjih življenjskih poti vsem sodeč nekaj časa res prebival na Kranjskem. Pre- dveh »izobčencev« iz Valvasorjeve rodbine iz srede 17. vare »sleparja Valvasorja«, kot ga je imenoval Radics, stoletja in k odkritju njunega zamolčanega potomstva. niso imele nikakršne zveze ne s polihistorjem Janezom Vajkardom Valvasorjem (1641–1693) ne s kom drugim Neznanec, ki se je izdajal za sorodnika kranjskih iz Valvasorjeve rodbine. Zato niti najmanj ne čudi, da Valvasorjev, je po Radicsevem prepričanju poznal raz- je bizarna štorija potonila v pozabo,2 dokler je ni pred mere na Kranjskem in se je vsekakor moral nekaj časa kratkim prineslo na površje doslej še neuporabljeno muditi tudi v Ljubljani. Rodbinski imeni, ki si ju je nadel, arhivsko gradivo o rodbini Valvasor v Štajerskem dežel- in osebe, s katerimi naj bi po lastnih besedah prišel v nem arhivu v Gradcu. Sleparjevo izmišljeno sklicevanje stik, so bili namreč v deželi znani, nasprotno pa naj bi na sorodstvo z rodbino kranjskih baronov Valvasor je njegova identiteta ostala neugotovljena.
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