Coast Guard, Dept. of Homeland Security § 56.50–50

two or more boilers, a nonreturn valve § 56.50–50 Bilge and ballast piping. shall be provided in the line from each (a)(1) All vessels except unmanned boiler to prevent accidental blowback barges shall be provided with a satis- in the event the boiler blowoff valve is factory bilge pumping plant capable of left open. pumping from and draining any water- (b) Blowoff piping external to the tight except for ballast, boiler shall be designed for not less oil and water tanks which have accept- than 125 percent of the maximum al- able means for filling and emptying lowable working pressure of the boiler, independent of the bilge system. The or the maximum allowable working bilge pumping system shall be capable pressure of the boiler plus 225 pounds of operation under all practicable con- per square inch, whichever is less. ditions after a casualty whether the When the required blowoff piping de- is upright or listed. For this pur- sign pressure exceeds 100 pounds per pose wing suctions will generally be square inch gage, the wall thickness of necessary except in narrow compart- the piping shall not be less than Sched- ments at the ends of the vessel where ule 80. The value of allowable stress for one suction may be sufficient. In com- design purposes shall be selected as de- partments of unusual form, additional scribed in § 56.07–10(e) at a temperature suctions may be required. not below that of saturated steam at (2) Arrangements shall be made the maximum allowable working pres- whereby water in the compartments sure of the boiler. will drain to the suction pipes. Effi- cient means shall be provided for (c) Boiler blowoff piping which dis- draining water from all tank tops, charges above the lightest loadline of a other watertight flats and insulated vessel shall be arranged so that the dis- holds. Peak tanks, chain lockers and charge is deflected downward. decks over peak tanks may be drained (d) Valves such as the globe type so by eductors, ejectors, or hand pumps. designed as to form pockets in which Where piping is led through the sediment may collect shall not be used forepeak, see § 56.50–1(b). for blowoff service. (3) Where drainage from particular [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as compartments is considered undesir- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, able, the provisions for such drainage 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; may be omitted, provided it can be USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] shown by calculations that the safety of the vessel will not be impaired. § 56.50–45 Circulating pumps. (4) Where the vessel is to carry Class (a) A main circulating pump and 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint ° ° emergency means for circulating water below 23 C (74 F), Class 6, Division 6.1, through the main condenser shall be poisonous liquids, or Class 8 corrosive ° provided. The emergency means may liquids with a flashpoint below 23 C (74 °F) as defined in 49 CFR part 173, in en- consist of a connection from an inde- closed cargo spaces, the bilge-pumping pendent power pump fitted between the system must be designed to ensure main circulating pump and the con- against inadvertent pumping of such denser. liquids through machinery-space pip- (b) Independent sea suctions shall be ing or pumps. provided for the main circulating and (5) For each vessel constructed on or the emergency circulating pumps. after June 9, 1995, and on an inter- (c) A cross connection between the national voyage, arrangements must be circulating pumps in the case of mul- made to drain the enclosed cargo tiple units will be acceptable in lieu of spaces on either the bulkhead of a an independent power pump connec- passenger vessel or the freeboard deck tion. of a cargo vessel. (d) On vessels operating on lakes (in- (i) If the deck edge, at the bulkhead cluding Great Lakes), bays, sounds, or deck of a passenger vessel or the rivers, where provision is made to oper- freeboard deck of a cargo vessel, is im- ate noncondensing, only one circu- mersed when the vessel heels 5° or less, lating unit will be required. the drainage of the enclosed cargo

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spaces must discharge to a space, or easily accessible at all times. As far as spaces, of adequate capacity, each of practicable, each overboard-discharge which has a high-water-level alarm and valve for a bilge system must comply a means to discharge overboard. The with the requirements governing loca- number, size and arrangement of the tion and accessibility for suction mani- drains must prevent unreasonable ac- folds. Except as otherwise permitted by cumulation of water. The pumping ar- paragraph (c)(4) of this section for a rangements must take into account vessel employing a common-rail bilge the requirements for any fixed manual system, each bilge-manifold valve con- or automatic sprinkling system. In en- trolling a bilge suction from any com- closed cargo spaces fitted with carbon- partment must be of the stop-check dioxide extinguishing systems, the type. drains must have traps or other means (2) Each passenger vessel on an inter- to prevent escape of the smothering national voyage must comply with the gas. The enclosed cargo spaces must provisions of SOLAS II–1/21. not drain to machinery spaces or other spaces where sources of ignition may (3) A common-rail bilge system may be present if water may be contami- be installed as an acceptable alter- nated with Class 3 flammable liquids; native to the system required by para- Class 6, Division 6.1, poisonous liquids; graph (c)(1) of this section, provided it or Class 8 corrosive liquids with a satisfies all of the following criteria: flashpoint below 23 °C (74 °F). (i) The common-rail main runs in- (ii) If the deck edge, at the bulkhead board at least one-fifth of the beam of deck of a passenger vessel or the the vessel. freeboard deck of a cargo vessel, is im- (ii) A stop-check valve or both a stop mersed only when the vessel heels valve and a check valve are provided in more than 5°, the drainage of the en- each branch line and located inboard at closed cargo spaces may be by means of least one-fifth of the beam of the ves- a sufficient number of scuppers dis- sel. charging overboard. The installation of (iii) The stop valve or the stop-check scuppers must comply with § 42.15–60 of valve is power-driven, is capable of re- this chapter. mote operation from the space where (b) Passenger vessels shall have pro- the pump is, and, regardless of the sta- vision made to prevent the compart- tus of the power system, is capable of ment served by any bilge suction pip- manual operation to both open and ing from being flooded in the event the close the valve. pipe is severed or otherwise damaged (iv) The stop valve or the stop-check by collision or grounding in any other valve is accessible for both manual op- compartment. Where the piping is lo- eration and repair under all operating cated within one-fifth of the beam of conditions, and the space used for ac- the side of the vessel (measured at cess contains no expansion joint or right angles to the centerline at the flexible coupling that, upon failure, level of the deepest subdivision would cause flooding and prevent ac- loadline or deepest loadline where a subdivision loadline is not assigned) or cess to the valve. is in a ductkeel, a nonreturn valve (v) A port and a starboard suction shall be fitted to the end of the pipe in serve each space protected unless, the compartment which it serves. under the worst conditions of list and (c)(1) Each bilge suction must lead trim and with liquid remaining after from a manifold except as otherwise pumping, the vessel’s stability remains approved by the Commanding Officer, acceptable, in accordance with sub- Marine Safety Center. As far as prac- chapter S of this chapter. ticable, each manifold must be in, or be (vi) For each vessel designed for the capable of remote operation from, the carriage of combinations of both liquid same space as the bilge pump that nor- and dry bulk cargoes (O/B/O), no bilge mally takes suction on that manifold. pump or piping is located in a machin- In either case, the manifold must be ery space other than in a pump room capable of being locally controlled for cargo, and no liquid and other car- from above the floorplates and must be goes are carried simultaneously.

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(vii) For each cargo vessel in Great ured to the next deck above the bulkhead Lakes service, each common-rail pip- deck if an enclosed cargo space on the bulk- ing for the bilge and ballast system deck that is internally drained in ac- cordance with paragraph (a)(4) of this section serving cargo spaces, if installed and if extends the entire length of the vessel. connected to a dedicated common-rail Where the enclosed cargo space extends a bilge system, must lead separately lesser length, D must be taken as the sum of from a valved manifold located at the the molded depth (in feet) to the bulkhead pump. deck plus lh/L where l and h are the aggre- (d) The internal diameter of bilge gate length and height (in feet) of the en- suction pipes including strainers shall closed cargo space. be determined by formulas (1) and (2), (3) For vessels of 150 gross tons and except that the nearest commercial over, no main suction piping shall be size not more than one-fourth inch less than 21⁄2 inches internal diameter. under the required diameter may be Branch piping need not be more than 4 used. Bilge suction pipes shall be suit- inches and shall not be less than 2 ably faired to pump inlets. inches in diameter except for drainage (1) For suctions to each main bilge of small pockets or spaces in which pump: case 11⁄2-inch diameter may be used. For vessels less than 150 gross tons no LB()+ D bilge suction shall be less than 11⁄2 d =+1 ()145 ( ) () inches internal diameter and no branch 2500 piping shall be less than 1 inch nominal (2) For branch suctions to cargo and pipe size. machinery spaces: (4) For vessels of 65 feet in length or less and not engaged on an inter- cB+D() national voyage, the bilge pipe sizes d=1+ ()235 () () computed by Formulas (1) and (2) of 1500 this paragraph are not mandatory, but where: in no case shall the size be less than 1 L=Length of vessel on loadwater line, in feet. inch nominal pipe size. B=Breadth of vessel, in feet. (5) (5) The number, location, and size of D=Molded depth (in feet) to the bulkhead bilge suctions in the boiler and ma- deck. (6) chinery compartments shall be deter- c=Length of compartment, in feet. mined when the piping plans are sub- d=Required internal diameter of suction mitted for approval and shall be based pipe, in inches. upon the size of the compartments and NOTE 1. For tank vessels, ‘‘L’’ may be re- the drainage arrangements. duced by the combined length of the cargo (e) Independent bilge suction. One of oil tanks. the independent bilge pumps must have NOTE 2. For bulk carriers with full depth a suction of a diameter not less than wing tanks served by a ballast system where the beam of the vessel is not representative that given by Formula (2) in paragraph of the breadth of the compartment, ‘‘B’’ may (d) of this section that is led directly be appropriately modified to the breadth of from the engine room bilge entirely the compartment. independent of the bilge main, and on NOTE 3. In the calculation for a vessel with passenger vessels each independent more than one , such as a catamaran, the bilge pump located in the machinery breadth of the unit is the breadth of one spaces must have such direct suctions hull. from these spaces, except that not NOTE 4. In the calculation for a mobile off- shore drilling unit, ‘‘L’’ is reducible by the more than two pumps are required to combined length of spaces that can be have direct suctions from any one pumped by another piping system meeting space. A suction that is led directly §§ 56.50–50 and 56.50–55, where ‘‘L’’ is the from a suitably located pump manifold length of the unit at the waterline. may be considered to be independent of NOTE 5. For mobile offshore drilling units the bilge main. Where two direct suc- employing unusual hull forms, ‘‘B’’ may be tions are required in any one compart- modified to the average breadth rather than the maximum breadth. ment on passenger vessels, one suction NOTE 6. For each passenger vessel con- must be located on each side of the structed on or after June 9, 1995, and being compartment. If watertight bulkheads on an international voyage, D must be meas- separate the engine and boiler rooms, a

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direct suction or suctions must be charge capacity of the pump selected fitted to each compartment unless the shall exceed the capacity of the re- pumps available for bilge service are quired main bilge pump. distributed throughout these compart- (3) Vessels over 180 feet in length ments, in which case at least one pump which are not passenger vessels and in each such compartment must be which operate on international voyages fitted with direct suction in its com- or in ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes partment. In a vessel with more than service, must be provided with a direct one hull, there must be one bilge pump emergency bilge suction from any that has an independent bilge suction pump in the machinery space, except in each hull. In a column stabilized mo- that a required bilge pump may not be bile offshore drilling unit, the inde- used. The discharge capacity of the pendent bilge suction must be from the pump selected must exceed the capac- pumproom bilge. ity of the required main bilge pump (f) Emergency bilge suctions. In addi- and the area of the suction inlet is to tion to the independent bilge suction(s) be equal to the full suction inlet of the required by paragraph (e) of this sec- pump. tion, an emergency bilge suction must (4) Vessels under 180 feet in length be provided in the machinery space for need not provide an emergency bilge all self-propelled vessels as described in suction, except that passenger vessels the following subparagraphs. Emer- shall comply with the requirements of gency suctions must be provided from paragraphs (f) (1) and (2) of this sec- pumps other than those required by tion. § 56.50–55(a) of this part. Such suctions (5) Each vessel with more than one must have nonreturn valves, and must hull must have an emergency bilge suc- meet the following criteria as appro- tion in each hull. priate: (6) Each column stabilized mobile off- (1) On passenger vessels propelled by shore drilling unit must have— steam and operating on an inter- (i) An emergency bilge suction in national voyage or on ocean, coastwise, each hull; and or Great Lakes routes, the main circu- (ii) A remote control for the emer- lating pump is to be fitted with a di- gency pump and associated valves that rect bilge suction for the machinery can be operated from the ballast con- space. The diameter of such suctions trol room. shall not be less than two-thirds the di- (g) Each individual bilge suction ameter of the main sea injection. When shall be fitted with a suitable bilge it can be shown to the satisfaction of strainer having an open area of not less the Commandant that the main circu- than three times at of the suction pipe. lating pump is not suitable for emer- In addition a mud box or basket strain- gency bilge service, a direct emergency er shall be fitted in an accessible posi- bilge suction is to be led from the larg- tion between the bilge suction mani- est available independent power driven fold and the pump. pump to the drainage level of the ma- (h) Pipes for draining cargo holds or chinery space. The suction is to be of machinery spaces must be separate the same diameter as the main inlet of from pipes which are used for filling or the pump used and the capacity of the emptying tanks where water or oil is pump shall exceed that of a required carried. Bilge and ballast piping sys- main bilge pump. tems must be so arranged as to prevent (2) On passenger vessels propelled by oil or water from the sea or ballast internal combustion engines and oper- spaces from passing into cargo holds or ating on an international voyage or on machinery spaces, or from passing ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes from one compartment to another, routes, the largest available pump in whether from the sea, water ballast, or the engine room is to be fitted with the oil tanks, by the appropriate installa- direct bilge suction in the machinery tion of stop and non-return valves. The space except that a required bilge bilge and ballast mains must be fitted pump may not be used. The area of the with separate control valves at the suction pipe is to be equal to the full pumps. Except as allowed by paragraph suction inlet of the pump. The dis- (c)(4)(vii) of this section, piping for

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draining a cargo or machinery quirements need not be met provided space must be separate from piping the contents of the tank and piping used for filling or emptying any tank system are chemically compatible and where water or oil is carried. Piping for strength and stability calculations are bilge and ballast must be arranged so submitted showing that crossflooding as to prevent, by the appropriate in- resulting from a pipe, the tank, and the stallation of stop and non-return spaces through which the piping passes valves, oil or water from the sea or bal- will not seriously affect the safety of last spaces from passing into a cargo the ship, including the launching of hold or machinery space, or from pass- lifeboats due to the ship’s listing. Bilge ing from one compartment to another, lines led through tanks without a pipe regardless of the source. The bilge and tunnel must be fitted with nonreturn ballast mains must be fitted with sepa- valves at the bilge suctions. rate control valves at the pumps. (l) When bilge pumps are utilized for (i) Ballast piping shall not be in- other services, the piping shall be so stalled to any hull compartment of a arranged that under any condition at wood vessel. Where the carriage of liq- least one pump will be available for uid ballast in such vessels is necessary, drainage of the vessel through an over- suitable ballast tanks, structurally board discharge, while the other independent of the hull, shall be pro- pump(s) are being used for a different vided. service. (j) When dry cargo is to be carried in (m) All bilge pipes used in or under deep tanks, arrangement shall be made fuel storage tanks or in the boiler or for disconnecting or blanking-off the machinery space, including spaces in oil and ballast lines, and the bilge suc- which oil settling tanks or oil pumping tions shall be disconnected or blanked- units are located, shall be of steel or off when oil or ballast is carried. Blind other acceptable material. flanges or reversible pipe fittings may (n) Oil pollution prevention require- be employed for this purpose. ments for bilge and ballast systems are (k) Where bilge and ballast piping is contained in subpart B of part 155, led through tanks, except ballast pip- Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations. ing in ballast tanks, means must be NOTE: For the purposes of this section, a provided to minimize the risk of flood- pumproom is a machinery space on a column ing of other spaces due to pipe failure stabilized mobile offshore drilling unit. within the tanks. In this regard, such piping may be in an oiltight or water- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, tight pipe tunnel, or the piping may be 1970; CGD 73–58R, 39 FR 18767, May 30, 1974; of Schedule 80 pipe wall thickness, 79–165a, 45 FR 64188, Sept. 29, 1980; CGD 77– fitted with expansion bends, and all 140, 54 FR 40608, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 39968, Oct. joints within the tanks are welded. Al- 1, 1990; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24772, May 10, 1995; ternative designs may be installed as CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, 1997] approved by the Marine Safety Center. Where a pipe tunnel is installed, the § 56.50–55 Bilge pumps. watertight integrity of the bulkheads (a) Self-propelled vessels. (1) Each self- must be maintained. No valve or fit- propelled vessel must be provided with ting may be located within the tunnel a power-driven pump or pumps con- if the pipe tunnel is not of sufficient nected to the bilge main as required by size to afford easy access. These re- Table 56.50–55(a).

TABLE 56.50–55(a)—POWER BILGE PUMPS REQUIRED FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS

Passenger vessels 1 Dry-cargo vessels 2 Tank Mobile vessels offshore Ocean, Ocean, drilling Vessel length, in feet Inter- coast- All other coast- units national wise and waters wise and All waters All waters voyages 3 Great Great Lakes Lakes All waters

180′ or more ...... 4 3 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 Below 180′ and exceeding 65′ ...... 4 3 5 2 5 2 5 2 5 2 2 2

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