THE INFLUENCE OF OUR SCHOOLS REDUCING WASTE PROGRAM (KURASSAKI) ON STUDENTS 'PHBS IN THE PILOT PROJECT SCHOOL OF BAPPEDA, DISTRICT,

Yuni Susilowati1) and Abdul Santoso2) 1,2)Nursing Study Program, STIKes YATSI Tangerang, Indonesia E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Observations on several school and community environments in Tange- rang Regency where the problem of waste has not found the right solution. The school environment becomes one of the biggest waste-producing agents every day. The behavior of the community and school members towards was- te is one of the factors in creating a Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS). The incidence of diseases caused by PHBS is still high. The most common illnes- ses occur because of a lack of understanding of PHBS, especially those rela- ted to environmental cleanliness, this happens because PHBS in Indonesia has only reached a percentage of 56.58% (Kemenkes RI, 2018). The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Kurassaki prog- ram (reducing waste our schools) had an effect on the PHBS of students at the Pilot Project School of the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) Tangerang Regency. This type of research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental research design. The sampling technique uses stra- tified random sampling. The sample in this study were 175 respondents in the experimental group and 183 respondents in the control group. This research instrument using a questionnaire. Based on the Mann-Whitney test, the p-value is 0.000 <0.05, it can be concluded that "H1 is accepted", which means that there is an influence of the Kurassaki program on student PHBS at the Bappeda Pilot Project School in Tangerang Regency. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Kurassaki program in schools has a positive effect on PHBS students and makes more concerned about the environment. Keywors: waste, kurassaki program, PHBS, school, health

INTRODUCTION is good, directly good PHBS will lead to a One of the efforts to improve the degree good and healthy life order. based on ob- of public health, the Ministry of Health, servations on the environment of several through the Health Promotion Center, imp- schools and the environment in Tangerang lements a clean and healthy lifestyle prog- Regency where the problem of waste is still ram. Clean and Healthy Living Behavior very concerning. The community and scho- (PHBS) can be carried out in various social ol environment are big contributing agents settings, such as in households, schools, in producing waste every day. The domi- workplaces and public places. Nationally, nant type of waste is plastic waste. As we the percentage of PHBS in 2014 was know, plastic waste is waste that will not 56.58% [6]. The degree of public health decompose in the soil even though it has can be achieved if the PHBS presentation been buried for a long time. The high level

34 The Influence of Our Schools Reducing Waste Program (Kurassaki) on Students 'PHBS in the Pilot Project School of Bappeda, Tangerang District, Indonesia of waste produced in each institution, be it pollution is 80.57%, but only about 43.10% educational, household, industrial and offi- of the population cares about waste. ce environments is inversely proportional In general, health promotion has a vi- to the community's concern for the envi- sion according to the World Health Organi- ronment, school residents and other groups zation (WHO), the general vision is to inc- in various agencies, so that waste becomes rease people's ability to maintain and im- a problem that has not found the right solu- prove their health, both physically, mental- tion to date. Garbage is a source of prob- ly and socially so that they are economical- lems that have not been resolved comple- ly and socially productive [7]. PHBS on tely. The problem of waste will never find school is a set of behaviors that are practi- a solution if public awareness is still low. ced by students, teachers and the commu- The behavior of the community and nity in the school environment on the basis school members towards waste is one of of awareness, so that they can independen- the factors of Clean and Healthy Living Be tly prevent disease, improve their health, havior (PHBS). The problem of waste and and play an active role in creating a healthy PHBS are two things that are interrelated, environment [3]. PHBS must be instilled the concern of the community and school from an early age so that it becomes a good residents, especially students towards was- habit that can be carried over to adulthood. te, is a benchmark for how PHBS is in an The age of school children is still relatively environment. If this problem does not get young, so they need help from people aro- serious treatment, it will cause bigger prob- und the closest environment, namely par- lems in the future. PHBS is a basic strategy ents, teachers and friends. PHBS can be ap- in health science which aims to form know- plied to all groups of society including ledge, attitudes, and proactive actions for school age children. School children are preventive action (maintaining and preven- the nation's next generation whose health ting the risk of disease) and playing an acti- must be maintained, improved, and protec- ve role in creating a healthy environment. ted because children are the golden genera- Good behavior or not PHBS can be tion of a nation. The number of children is seen from the environment. An indicator quite large, namely 30% of the total popu- that is easy to observe is how the children lation of Indonesia. Approximately 73 mil- treat the garbage around them. Garbage is lion people are a golden age to instill the something that is not used, not used, dis- values of PHBS so that they have the poten liked or something that is thrown away, tial to become agents of change to promote which comes from human activities and PHBS, both within schools, families and does not happen by itself [5]. Specific was- communities [8]. te is waste which due to its nature, concent- Since 2012 the Tangerang Regency go ration and/or volume requires special ma- vernment has begun to think about the con- nagement [4]. cept of how to reduce waste production. Garbage is a problem that is conside- Because until whenever the waste will con- red important by Indonesia, because there tinue to exist and become a problem if we is still a lot of waste that is not managed pro don't care, the Tangerang Regency govern- perly and there is a lack of human aware- ment is thinking about concepts and techni- ness of waste. Poor waste management is ques so that this can be overcome. After se- due to gaps between visible knowledge and veral programs implemented by the Tange- behavior. Survey data from the Central Sta- rang District Regional Development Plan- tistics Agency (BPS) 2013 shows that the ning Agency (Bappeda) were successfully knowledge of the population in terms of air implemented, one of them was the Sanisek (waste water) program which created heal-

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Proceeding of IICSDGs 2020 Yuni Susilowati E-ISSN: 2654-8690, Vol. 3, No. 1, November 2020 thy, clean and comfortable toilets. The and drinks at school. The Kurassaki prog- Tangerang Regency Government moved ram is a complementary program to the pre into the waste sector and the Kurassaki vious flagship program which also focuses (Reducing Our School Waste) program on indicators of increasing PHBS. In the was born. This program is one of the flag- beginning, students who produce trash ship programs of the Fun School Move- from snack packs every day are now re- ment (GSM), which is an innovation in the quired to bring food and drink from home, educational environment that educates stu- or use the food and drink place to buy dents and all school members how we be- snacks, this is useful for reducing the volu- have towards waste. This program has the me of waste from packaged snacks in scho- slogan "Dispose of Trash with its Place". ols (Bappeda Kabupaten Tangerang). According to the Tangerang District Bap- If this program is implemented opti- peda WSES Working Group in 2019, the mally by all school members, it is not a dre- Kurassaki program is an effort made to am to create a genarsi that cares about the change the mindset and culture of the pe- environment, especially a sense of caring ople who have been indifferent to garbage, for waste, which has been a problem. Ge- so that they start thinking about the waste nerations who care about the environment problem. will have good PHBS. The problem in this The Kurassaki program arises because research is whether there is an effect of the waste has not been properly managed at the Kurassaki program on PHBS students at community level; access to waste services the Tangerang District Bappeda pilot scho- in Tangerang Regency has only reached ol? The hypothesis of this research is that 27%, technical regulations related to waste this program will have an influence on management, have not been prepared as a PHBS students both at school and in the en- program reference; GEMARIPAH as one vironment where they live. Based on the of the leading programs for tackling waste explanation above, the researcher wants to has not been effective in the midst of socie- know the effect of the Kurassaki Program ty; Limited management (personnel, fleet, on PHBS students at the Tangerang District budget, etc.) by SKPD which should be res Bappeda pilot project school. Knowing the ponsible; Embedding PHBS habits; Start- optimization of the implementation of the ing from the most basic level; The fact that Kurassaki program in pilot project school. the management of garbage at the school METHOD level (Elementary and Middle School) is This research method uses quantitative not friendly; It is necessary to take sides research methods. The quantitative rese- and the involvement of all parties in terms arch method is a research method that is ba- of waste management in Tangerang Regen- sed on the philosophy of positivism, used cy, including in schools; creating PHBS to examine certain populations or samples, agents at the community level; The success data collection using research instruments, of the SANISEK (waste water) program data analysis in the form of statistics with which allows its pattern or method to be the aim of testing hypotheses [9]. This stu- replicated for other programs such as waste dy used a quasi-experimental method. qua- management [2]. si-experimental or quasi-experimental met- Schools that are pilot projects for this hods. This experimental method is a deve- program are not allowed to provide trash lopment of the true experiment method cans in their school environment, school which is difficult to implement. The defini- canteens are prohibited from providing tion of quasi-experimental [10]. The form plastics and students are encouraged to of research design chosen was post-test bring supplies and containers to buy food only control group design. In this design

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The Influence of Our Schools Reducing Waste Program (Kurassaki) on Students 'PHBS in the Pilot Project School of Bappeda, Tangerang District, Indonesia the experimental group and the control unpaired groups. This research is said to be group were not chosen randomly. In this influential if the p value <0.05, which is ob- design, both the experimental group and tained from the results of data processing the control group were compared. treat- using SPSS. ment while the control class received no RESULTS treatment. The following is the post-test Univariate Analysis only control group design scheme shown in This study aims to determine the imp- table 1 below: lementation of the Kurassaki program in Table 1. Post-test only control group the Kurassaki program pilot school. The design following are the results of research on the Group Treatment Post Test Kurassaki variable and Clean and Healthy Experiment X O Living Behavior (PHBS) obtained through Control - O the distribution of questionnaires. The location of this research was con- ducted at SDN Kaduagung 2 , Table 2. Distribution of frequency of imp- SDN Kosambi 1 and SDN Mekar lementation of Kurassaki program Jaya (experimental group) and SDN Ser- in pilot project school Implementatiom Pilot Project School dang Kulon and SDN Gintung 2 Sukadiri Program (control group). The sample in this study N % used stratified random sampling, where the Optimal 175 100 Not Optimal 0 0 sample in this study had a different class Total 175 100 level. The experimental group in this study Source: Data processed (2020) consisted of 175 respondents from a popu- lation of 312 respondents in grade 4 and 5 Based on table 1 above, the results elementary schools at the pilot project show that all 175 students (100%) of the res school, with the number of each class stra- pondents implemented the Kurassaki prog- ta, namely class 4 (four) 87 respondents ram optimally. and class 5 (five) 88 respondents, while at Table 3. PHBS level freq. distribution control group sample of 183 respondents PHBS Experiment from 337 respondents with each class stra- N % Good/High 107 61.14 ta, namely class 4 (four) 84 respondents Medium 68 38.86 and class 5 (five) 99 respondents. Low 0 0 This study used two questionnaire va- Total 175 100 riables PHBS and Kurassaki which were Source: Data processed (2020) given to respondents through online met- Based on Table 3, the results level of hods and face-to-face for students with li- the PHBS in the experimental group with mited online access. This study will seek 107 respondents (61.14%) were in the good answers to an assumption of the influence category, 68 respondents (38.86%) were in of Kurassaki program on students' PHBS at the medium category. the Tangerang District Bappeda pilot scho- Table 4. PHBS level freq. distribution ol. The results of the PHBS level of respon- PHBS Control dents obtained through a questionnaire we- N % Good/High 45 24.59 re analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Hedium 76 41.53 The use of the Mann-Whitney test because Low 62 33.88 the data in this study were not normally dis- Total 183 100 Source: Data processed (2020) tributed, the Mann-Whitney test is a non- parametric statistical test that aims to look Based on table 4 in the control group for differences in the mean value of the 2 as many as 45 respondents (24.59%) were

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Proceeding of IICSDGs 2020 Yuni Susilowati E-ISSN: 2654-8690, Vol. 3, No. 1, November 2020 in the good category, there are 76 respon- ol and the second part is the PHBS ques- dents (41.53%) were in the medium cate- tionnaire for all research groups. The two gory and 62 respondents (33.88%) were in parts of the questionnaire will be described the low category. as follows. Bivariate Analysis Implementation of the Kurassaki prog. To determine the effect of the Kurassa- The results of univariate analysis based ki program on student PHBS at the Tange- on table 1 regarding the implementation of rang District Bappeda pilot school, two the Kurassaki program in the Bappeda Ta- groups were analyzed. The experimental ngerang Regency Pilot Project school sho- group as a pilot project school group and wed that a total of 175 students (100%) im- the control group as a non-pilot school gro- plemented the Kurassaki program optimal- up for the Tangerang Regency Bappeda pro ly. This means that the implementation of ject. This analysis uses the Mann-Whitney Kurassaki in each school runs well and test. The test of significance used the alpha optimally. The implementation of the Ku- significance limit (0.05). The results of the rassaki program can be carried out well if data are as follows: all school members, especially students, ha Table 5. The influence of Kurassaki prog. ve a high awareness of the environment. This high awareness can be obtained from the motivation given by the teacher as well as motivation from himself. The Kurassaki program will continue to run optimally if all school members are consistent in imple- menting the Kurassaki program. These re- Source: Data processed (2020) sults are in line with research conducted by Based on table 2 the level of PHBS in Devi Kurnia in 2019 that the implementing the Kurassaki pilot project school program, school for the Kurassaki program was in a out of 175 students as many as 107 students good category with a total number of res- (61.14%) were in good category, 68 stu- pondents as many as 100 students (83.3%). dents (38.86%) were in enough category Based on table 4 regarding the PHBS and none were in poor category. Whereas level in the experimental group, it was fou- in the non-pilot project school for the Ku- nd that the results of the tendency of the rassaki program, the results obtained from PHBS level were in the good category, as 183 students as many as 45 students 24.59 many as 107 students (61.14%). Whereas in good category, 76 students (41.53%) in in the control group the tendency of the sufficient category and 62 students (33.88) PHBS level was in the sufficient category, in poor category. Based on the Mann Whit- namely as many as 76 students (41.53%). ney test, the p-value = 0.000 <0.05, which When viewed based on the results mentio- ned above, it is clear that schools that have means "H1 is accepted" or there is an inf- luence of the Kurassaki program on student implemented the Kurassaki program and in PHBS at the Bappeda Pilot Project school high optimization students have good le- in Tangerang Regency. vels PHBS, seen from the absence of stu- dents who are in the poor category. In the DISCUSSION control group there were 45 students whose This study uses a questionnaire measu- PHBS level was in the low category. This ring tool which consists of 2 parts: the first can happen because in the implementation part is the Kurassaki program questionna- of the Kurassaki program, stimulus and ire for respondents at the pilot project scho- monitoring are always given to all school members, especially students, on how to

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The Influence of Our Schools Reducing Waste Program (Kurassaki) on Students 'PHBS in the Pilot Project School of Bappeda, Tangerang District, Indonesia create good habits within the scope of Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) of stu- PHBS. dents at the Bappeda pilot project school in The assumption of the researchers that, Tangerang Regency. This is not in line with what makes students tend to have sufficient research conducted by Devi Kurnia in 2019 and less PHBS levels is that the stimulus where the p-value is 0.497 ≥ 0.05, which and habituation are not optimal, both from means that H1 is rejected or there is no ef- outside and from within the students. In ad- fect of the Kurassaki program (reducing dition, this can be due to several factors, our school waste) on clean and healthy liv- namely predisposing factors or respon- ing behavior (PHBS) of students at school. dent's knowledge and attitudes towards he- Tangerang Regency Bappeda pilot project. alth, enabling factors, which include the Many factors can cause a program to physical environment, available or unavai- affect the subject or target object. In this lability of facilities or facilities, and streng- Kurassaki program research, the results thening factors. This research is in line with show that there is a significant effect of the the results of Devi K's research in 2019 at Kurassaki program on students' PHBS. the pilot school for the Kurassaki Bappeda This can occur because of several factors Tangerang Regency, that what is more including the high consistency carried out dominant is good PHBS behavior, with a by schools in implementing the Kurassaki total of 78 students (65%) of respondents. program, students already having good The effect of the Kurassaki Program knowledge about PHBS added to the Ku- Based on the results of research con- rassaki program guidance and a high sense ducted at 3 schools which are pilot projects of awareness in students to care for the en- of the Kurassaki program, the results of res vironment that has been embedded and ex- pondents with good PHBS levels were 107 emplary given by the teacher. students (61.14%), respondents with suffi- The implementation of the kurassaki cient PHBS were 68 students (38.86%), program if carried out nationally through while respondents who had their PHBS bad periodic outreach and monitoring will pro- doesn't exist. In 2 schools which are non- vide solutions to the waste problem in In- pilot projects of the Kurassaki program in donesia. Monitoring that is carried out not 2020, the results of respondents with good only from Bappeda to schools but internal PHBS were 45 students (24.59%), respon- school monitoring also needs to be done. dents who had sufficient PHBS were 76 Internal monitoring can be done by always students (41.53%), while respondents who reminding students to bring bottles and con had PHBS in the poor category were 62 tainers from home, always keeping clean students (33.88%). From these results, it and not causing trash. can be seen that the education carried out CONCLUSION by the Kurassaki program gave differences Based on the results and discussion of in student behavior in their PHBS level, es- this study by involving 5 schools, 3 of them pecially the behavior of how to treat waste. were the experimental group and 2 of them Based on table 3 which has been analy- were the control group with the number of zed to compare the mean of the two groups each group being 175 respondents and 183 using the Mann-Whitney test, statistical re- respondents. So the researchers concluded sults are obtained and the p-value is 0.000 this study as follows: ≥ 0.05, it can be stated that there is a diffe- a. The implementation of the Kurassaki rence in the mean so that it can be conclu- program in the pilot project schools ded that H1 is accepted, meaning that there shows that all respondents are optimally is an influence on the Kurassaki program. implementing the Kurassaki program. (Reduce waste our schools) on Clean and This can occur because of the high con-

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Proceeding of IICSDGs 2020 Yuni Susilowati E-ISSN: 2654-8690, Vol. 3, No. 1, November 2020

sistency of these schools in implemen- ang%20sampai&Text=Lanjut%20erw ting this program and as a form of love in%2c%20siswa%20yang%20awalny for the environment and health and awa- a,Sekolah%20dari%20bekas%20kem reness of a better quality of life. asan%20jajanan.,Diakses 17 Mei b. The level of PHBS in the pilot project 2020. school for the Kurassaki program was [2] Ampl, P., Tangerang, K., Sanitasi, S., dominated by the good PHBS category & Tangerang, K. (2018). Pokja AMPL and in the non-pilot project school the Kabupaten Tangerang. Kurassaki program was dominated by [3] Depkes RI. (2010). Indikator Indone- the level of adequate PHBS and there sia Sehat 2010. Regulation. were 62 students in the category of [4] Dhamar Yudho Aji onesia, dan A. F. PHBS being deficient. This can happen M. (2008). Undang Undang Republik because in the Kurassaki program pilot school, education and monitoring are al- Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 Ten- ways carried out as an evaluation to as- tang Pengelolaan Sampah. sess the extent to which the program is [5] Institute for Public Health (IPH). implemented in each school. Meanwhi- (2018). National Health and Morbidity le, in non-pilot project schools, there Survey (NHMS) 2017: Key findings were 62 students (33.88%) in the poor from the Adolescent Health and Nutri- category of PHBS because there was no tion Surveys-Infographic Booklet Apr. periodic monitoring of the implementa- 2018. National Health and Morbidity tion of the Kurassaki program, causing survey (NHMS) 2017 overview report. the students' PHBS level to be unable to [6] Kemenkes RI. (2018). Hasil Utama Ri be controlled optimally. set Kesehatan Dasar 2018 Kementrian c. Based on the explanation of point (b) Kesehatan Badan Penelitian dan Peng- and the results of statistical analysis that embangan Kesehatan. Balitbangkes. the p-value is 0.000 <0.05, it means that there is an influence of the Kurassaki [7] Notoatmodjo, S. (2010). Promosi Ke- program on PHBS students in the pilot sehatan, Teori & Aplikasi, ed. revisi project school for the Kurassaki Bappe- 2010. : Rineka Cipta. https://d da program, Tangerang Regency. oi.org/10.1108/JMTM-03-2018-0075 [8] Proverawati, Atikah; Rahmawati, E. REFERENCES (2012). Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Se- [1] Admin Kabupaten. 2017. Bappeda Kab. Tangerang Luncurkan Program hat (PHBS). Jurnal Keperawatan Ko- Kurasaki untuk Atasi Sampah. Https:// munitas. bappeda-tangerangkab.com/?page_id [9] Sugiyono (2016). Metode Penelitian. =1624#:~:text=bappeda%20kabupate Metode Penelitian. n%20tangerang%20luncurkan%20pro [10] Sugiyono. (2012). Quantitative Rese- gram%20kurasaki%20untuk%20atasi arch Methods, Qualitative and R&D. %20sampah,-Kabupaten%20tanger- In Alfabeta.

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