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United States Gold Terranes Part I United States Gold Terranes Part I U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1857-B AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions on ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the cur­ rent-year issues of the monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Sur­ vey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" Publications that are listed in various U.S. Geological Survey catalogs (see back inside cover) but not listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" are no longer available. Prices of reports released to the open files are given in the listing "U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports," updated month­ ly, which is for sale in microfiche from the U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports Section, Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. Reports released through the NTIS may be obtained by writing to the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161; please include NTIS report number with inquiry. Order U.S. Geological Survey publications by mail or over the counter from the offices given below. BY MAIL OVER THE COUNTER Books Books Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water-Supply Papers, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Circulars, publications of general in­ Books of the U.S. Geological Survey are available over the terest (such as leaflets, pamphlets, booklets), single copies of Earthquakes counter at the following Geological Survey Public Inquiries Offices, all & Volcanoes, Preliminary Determination of Epicenters, and some mis­ of which are authorized agents of the Superintendent of Documents: cellaneous reports, including some of the foregoing series that have gone out of print at the Superintendent of Documents, are obtainable by mail from WASHINGTON, D.C.-Main Interior Bldg.. 2600 corridor, 18th and CSts.,NW. U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports DENVER, Colorado-Federal Bldg., Rm. 169, 1961 Stout St. Federal Center, Box 25425 LOS ANGELES, California-Federal Eldg.. Rm. 7638.300 N. Denver, CO 80225 Los Angeles St. MENLO PARK, California-Bldg. 3 (Stop 533), Rm. 3128, Subscriptions to periodicals (Earthquakes & Volcanoes and 345 Middlefield Rd. Preliminary Determination of Epicenters) can be obtained ONLY from RESTON, Virginia-503 National Center, Rm. 1C402.12201 the Sunrise Valley Dr. SALT LAKE CITY, Utah-Federal Bldg., Rm. 8105,125 Superintendent of Documents South State St. Government Printing Office SAN FRANCISCO, California-Customhouse, Rm. 504,555 Washington, D.C. 20402 Battery St. SPOKANE, Washington-U.S. Courthouse, Rm. 678, West (Check or money order must be payable to Superintendent of Docu­ 920 Riverside Ave.. ments.) ANCHORAGE, Alaska-Rm. 101,4230 University Dr. ANCHORAGE, Alaska-Federal Bldg, Rm. E-146,701 C St. Maps For maps, address mail orders to U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution Maps Federal Center, Box 25286 Maps may be purchased over the counter at the U.S. Geologi­ Denver, CO 80225 cal Survey offices where books are sold (all addresses in above list) and at the following Geological Survey offices: Residents of Alaska may order maps from ROLLA, Missouri-1400 Independence Rd. Alaska Distribution Section, U.S. Geological Survey, DENVER, Colorado-Map Distribution, Bldg. 810, Federal New Federal Building Box 12 Center 101 Twelfth Ave., Fairbanks, AK 99701 FAIRBANKS, Alaska-New Federal Bldg., 101 Twelfth Ave. Chapter B United States Gold Terranes Part I Geographic Distribution of Gold Mining Regions and Types of Deposits in the United States By EDWIN W. TOOKER Patterns of Gold Mineralization in Nevada and Utah By WILLIAM C BAG BY Gold-Silver Deposits Associated with the Trans-Challis Fault System, Idaho ByTHOR H. KIILSGAARD, FREDERICKS. FISHER, and EARL H. BENNETT Geologic Setting and Potential Exploration Guides for Gold Deposits, Black Hills, South Dakota By JACK A. REDDEN and GREGORY McN. FRENCH U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1857 GEOLOGY AND RESOURCES OF GOLD IN THE UNITED STATES DANIEL R. SHAWE and ROGER P. ASHLEY, Scientific Editors LM.H. CARTER, Technical Editor DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1989 For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center Box 25425 Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data United States gold terranes Part I. p. cm. (Geology and resources of gold in the United States ; ch. B) (U.S. Geological survey bulletin ; 1857-B) Includes bibliographies. Contents: Geographic distribution of gold mining regions and types of deposits in the United States / by Edwin W. looker Patterns of gold mineralization in Nevada and Utah / by William C. Bagby Gold-silver deposits associated with the trans-Challis fault system, Idaho / by Thor H. Kiilsgaard, Frederick S. Fisher, and Earl H. Bennett Geologic setting and potential exploration guides for gold deposits, Black Hills, South Dakota / by Jack A. Redden and Gregory McN. French. 1. Gold mines and mining United States. 2. Gold deposits United States. I. Series. II. Series: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 1857-B. QE75.B9 no. 1857-B [TN423.A5] 557.3 s dc19 [553.4' 1 '0973] 89-600031 CIP CONTENTS Geographic distribution of gold mining regions and types of deposits in the United States Abstract Bl Introduction Bl Pattern of growth of known geographic distribution of gold in the United States B4 Geologic basis for the geographic distribution of gold B6 Geographic distribution of gold deposit types B7 References cited B9 Patterns of gold mineralization in Nevada and Utah Abstract fill Introduction Bll Terranes of Nevada and Utah 812 Patterns of gold-producing districts in Nevada and Utah B13 Discussion BIT References cited B20 Gold-silver deposits associated with the trans-Challis fault system, Idaho Abstract B22 Introduction B22 Trans-Challis fault system B23 Age of faulting B23 Mineralized localities associated with the trans-Challis fault system B24 Southwest part B25 Boise basin B25 History and production B25 Lode deposits B27 Tenor of ore B29 Mineralogy B29 Molybdenum-copper deposits B30 Banner mine B30 Central part B31 Stanley district B31 History and production B31 Contents III Lode deposits B31 Gold-bearing resources B31 Custer graben B31 Yankee Fork district B32 History and production B32 Character of the lode deposits B32 Mineralogy and geochemistry B33 Wall-rock alteration B33 Age of mineralization B33 Ore controls and resources B33 Loon Creek district B33 Loon Creek placers B34 Lost Packer mine B34 Other mines and prospects B34 Yellowjacket district B34 Yellowjacket mine B35 Northeast part B35 Mackinaw (Leesburg) district B36 History and production B36 Geologic setting B37 Characteristics of the deposits B37 Mineral Hill district B38 History and production B38 Geologic setting B38 Characteristics of the ore deposits B39 Indian Creek district B39 History and production B39 Geologic setting B39 Dahlonega (Gibbonsville) district B40 History and production B40 Geologic setting B41 Characteristics of the deposits B41 Molybdenum-copper deposits B41 Discussion B42 References cited B43 Appendix 1989 update B44 Geologic setting and potential exploration guides for gold deposits, Black Hills, South Dakota Abstract B45 Introduction B46 Precambrian rocks B46 Archean rocks B46 Proterozoic rocks B47 Structure and metamorphism B51 Phanerozoic rocks B56 IV Contents Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks B56 Cenozoic rocks B56 Tertiary igneous rocks B56 White River group B56 Types of gold deposits B56 Proterozoic deposits B57 Homestake-type B57 Gold-quartz veins B58 Fault-controlled deposits B58 Placer deposits B59 Phanerozoic deposits B59 Replacement deposits in lower Paleozoic rocks B59 Disseminated and vein deposits in Tertiary igneous rocks B60 Placer deposits B61 Potential deposits and exploration guides B61 Homestake-type deposits B62 Gold-quartz veins B64 Fault-controlled deposits B64 Placer deposits in Proterozoic rocks B64 Replacement deposits in lower Paleozoic rocks B64 Disseminated and vein deposits in Tertiary igneous rocks B71 Conclusions B72 References cited B72 FIGURES Bl-14. Maps showing: Bl. The known geographic distribution of some major gold deposits in the conterminous United States B2 B2. The known geographic distribution of some major gold deposits in Alaska B5 B3. Geologic terranes of Nevada and Utah B13 B4. Distribution of gold-producing districts in Nevada and Utah B14 B5. Distribution of gold-producing districts in Nevada and Utah with more than 1,000 oz of gold BIS B6. Distribution of gold districts in Nevada and Utah with more than 1,000 oz of gold, showing mineral belts and structure B16 B7. Outline of upper Eocene and lower Oligocene igneous rocks and locations of Nevada and Utah gold districts of similar age B17 B8. Outline of upper Oligocene and lower Miocene igneous rocks and locations of Nevada and Utah gold districts of similar age B18 B9. Outline of middle and upper Miocene igneous rocks and locations of Nevada and Utah gold districts of similar age B19 Contents BIO. Location of the Chain's 1° x 2° quadrangle and the trans-Challis mineralized area, Idaho B22 Bll. The trans-Challis fault system and location of associated gold-silver deposits B24 B12. Boise Basin, Idaho, showing locations of gold-silver veins, faults of the trans-Challis fault system, and stocks of Tertiary age B26 B13. Generalized geology of Precambrian rocks in the Black Hills, South Dakota B48 B14. Generalized geology of Early Proterozoic rocks in part of the central Black Hills showing early and late fold axes B55 B15. Structure contour map of the Precambrian-Cambrian contact, Lead- Deadwood dome, Black Hills B66 B16. Isopach map of the lower sandstone-conglomerate unit of the Deadwood Formation, Lead-Deadwood dome, Black Hills B68 B17.
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