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Properties and Hazards of 108 Selected Substances -1992 Edition

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Properties and Hazards of 108 Selected Substances -1992 Edition U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROPERTIES AND HAZARDS OF 108 SELECTED SUBSTANCES -1992 EDITION Jeffrey E. Lucius1, Gary R. Olhoeft1, Patricia L. Hill1, and Steven K. Duke2 U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-527 September 1992 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 1 Golden, CO, USA 2 now with Woodward-Clyde Consultants, 2020 E. First Street, Suite 900, Santa Ana, CA 92705 iii CONTENTS List of Tables ....................................................... vi Notice ............................................................... vii Introduction ......................................................... 1 Properties Definitions ................................................... 4 Key to Abbreviations .......................................... 13 Conversion Factors ............................................ 16 Tables .............................................................. 18 Substances .............................. GAS RN Acetic acid .................... 64-19-7 .................. 70 Acetone ........................ 67-64-1 .................. 75 Acrolein ....................... 107-02-8 .................. 81 Acrylonitrile .................. 107-13-1 .................. 85 Aldrin ......................... 309-00-2 .................. 89 Ammonia ........................ 7664-41-7 .................. 92 Aniline ........................ 62-53-3 .................. 97 Aroclor 1260 (PCB 1260) ........ 11096-82-5 .................. 102 Arsenic ........................ 7440-38-2 .................. 105 Benz(e)acephenanthrylene ....... 205-99-2 .................. 109 Benz[a]anthracene .............. 56-55-3 .................. 112 Benzene ........................ 71-43-2 .................. 115 Benzidine ...................... 92-87-5 .................. 120 Benzoic acid ................... 65-85-0 .................. 123 Benzo[a]pyrene ................. 50-32-8 .................. 127 Beryllium ...................... 7440-41-7 .................. 130 Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether ....... 111-44-4 .................. 134 Bis(chloromethyl) ether ........ 542-88-1 .................. 138 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate .... 117-81-7 .................. 141 Bromoform ...................... 75-25-2 .................. 145 Bromomethane ................... 74-83-9 .................. 149 2-Butanone ..................... 78-93-3 .................. 153 Cadmium ........................ 7440-43-9 .................. 157 Carbon disulfide ............... 75-15-0 .................. 161 Carbon tetrachloride ........... 56-23-5 .................. 167 Chlordane ...................... 57-74-9 .................. 174 Chlorobenzene .................. 108-90-7 .................. 178 6-Chloro-m-cresol .............. 59-50-7 .................. 183 Chloroethane ................... 75-00-3 .................. 186 Chloroform ..................... 67-66-3 .................. 191 Chloromethane .................. 74-87-3 .................. 196 Chromium ....................... 7440-47-3 .................. 200 Chrysene ....................... 218-01-9 .................. 203 Copper ......................... 7440-50-8 .................. 206 o-Cresol ....................... 95-48-7 .................. 210 Cyclohexane .................... 110-82-7 .................. 214 DDT ............................ 50-29-3 .................. 218 Dibenz[ a,h] anthracene .......... 53-70-3 .................. 222 Dibromochloromethane ........... 124-48-1 .................. 225 1,2-Dibromoethane .............. 106-93-4 .................. 228 iv GAS RN Page Dibutyl phthalate .............. 84-74-2 .................. 233 1.2-Dichlorobenzene ............ 95-50-1 .................. 236 1.3-Dichlorobenzene ............ 541-73-1 .................. 240 1.4-Dichlorobenzene ............ 106-46-7 .................. 243 Dichlorodifluoromethane ........ 75-71-8 .................. 247 1.1-Dichloroethane ............. 75-34-3 .................. 251 1.2-Dichloroethane ............. 107-06-2 .................. 255 1,1-Dichloroethene ............. 75-35-4 .................. 260 trans-l,2-Dichloroethene ....... 156-60-5 .................. 264 Dichloromethane ................ 75-09-2 .................. 268 2,4-Dichlorophenol ............. 120-83-2 .................. 274 1,2-Dichloropropane ............ 78-87-5 .................. 277 Dieldrin ....................... 60-57-1 .................. 281 Diethyl phthalate .............. 84-66-2 .................. 284 Dimethyl phthalate ............. 131-11-3 .................. 287 Dimethyl sulfoxide ............. 67-68-5 .................. 290 2,4-Dinitrophenol .............. 51-28-5 .................. 294 2,4-Dinitrotoluene ............. 121-14-2 .................. 297 2,6-Dinitrotoluene ............. 606-20-2 .................. 300 1,4-Dioxane .................... 123-91-1 .................. 303 Dioxins (TCDD) ................. 1746-01-6 .................. 307 Endrin ......................... 72-20-8 .................. 310 Ethanol ........................ 64-17-5 .................. 313 Ethylbenzene ................... 100-41-4 .................. 318 Ethylene glycol ................ 107-21-1 .................. 323 Ethylene oxide ................. 75-21-8 .................. 328 Fluoranthene ................... 206-44-0 .................. 332 Heptachlor ..................... 76-44-8 .................. 335 Hexachlorobenzene .............. 118-74-1 .................. 338 Hexachlorobutadiene ............ 87-68-3 .................. 341 y-Hexachlorocyclohexane (Lindane) 58-89-9 .................. 344 Hexachloroethane ............... 67-72-1 .................. 348 Hydrogen cyanide ............... 74-90-8 .................. 351 Isophorone ..................... 78-59-1 .................. 354 Lead ........................... 7439-92-1 .................. 357 Mercury ........................ 7439-97-6 .................. 361 Methanol ....................... 67-56-1 .................. 366 4-Methyl-2-pentanone ........... 108-10-1 .................. 373 Naphthalene .................... 91-20-3 .................. 377 Nickel ......................... 7440-02-0 .................. 382 Nitrobenzene ................... 98-95-3 .................. 386 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine ......... 86-30-6 .................. 391 Pentachlorophenol .............. 87-86-5 .................. 394 Phenanthrene ................... 85-01-8 .................. 398 Phenol ......................... 108-95-2 .................. 401 Potassium cyanide .............. 151-50-8 .................. 407 Quinoline ...................... 91-22-5 .................. 410 Selenium ....................... 7782-49-2 .................. 414 Silver ......................... 7440-22-4 .................. 417 Sodium cyanide ................. 143-33-9 .................. 421 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane ...... 79-34-5 .................. 424 Tetrachloroethene .............. 127-18-4 .................. 429 GAS RN Thallium ....................... 7440-28-0 .................. 434 Toluene ........................ 108-88-3 .................. 437 Toxaphene ...................... 8001-35-2 .................. 443 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene ......... 120-82-1 .................. 446 1.1.1-Trichloroethane .......... 71-55-6 .................. 449 1.1.2-Trichloroethane .......... 79-00-5 .................. 454 Trichloroethene ................ 79-01-6 .................. 458 Trichlorofluoromethane ......... 75-69-4 .................. 463 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol .......... 88-06-2 .................. 467 Vinyl chloride ................. 75-01-4 .................. 470 Water .......................... 7732-18-5 .................. 474 zn-Xylene ....................... 108-38-3 .................. 478 o-Xylene ....................... 95-47-6 .................. 484 p-Xylene ....................... 106-42-3 .................. 489 2,4-Xylenol .................... 105-67-9 .................. 494 Zinc ........................... 7440-66-6 .................. 497 Annotated References ................................................ 501 Electrochemical Data References ..................................... 510 Clay-Organic Interaction References ................................. 516 Selected Bibliography ............................................... 526 Index of Synonyms ................................................... 531 vi LIST OF TABLES Page 1. The first priority list of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency top 100 hazardous substances. ........................... 18 2. Chemicals on the EPA priority list that are not included in this report. ................................................... 21 3. Ranking of the top 20 organic ground water contaminants based on the frequency of occurrence at the sites studied by Plumb and Pitchford (1985). .......................................... 22 4. Ranking of the top 20 compounds based on the frequency of occurrence at the sites studied by Hallstedt and others (1986). ........... 23 5. Ranking of the top 20 compounds based on the frequency of occurrence and hazard rating at the sites studied by Hallstedt and others (1986). ................................................. 24 6. Frequency of compound-class occurrence in soils and sediments at the sites studied by Riley and others (1992). .................. 25 7. Frequency of compound-class detection in ground water at the sites studied by Riley and others (1992).
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