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2030 Agenda America and the Caribbean UNESCO LAC 2016 - 2021 Ilustration © A Regional Work Plan for Culture in Latin 2030 Agenda America and the Caribbean UNESCO LAC 2016 - 2021 Ilustration © A. Espinosa Regional Office for Culture in Latin America and the Caribbean UNESCO Havana United Nations №14 Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 2016 "Culture is essential to create a more sustainable de velopment, both economic and social, through resil ient infrastructures that are embedded in local situ- ations and are based on the history and knowledge of the people" Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO Workshop for the adoption of a Regional Work Plan for Culture in Latin America and the Caribbean (2016-2021) Havana, 18 September 2015 Base de la torreta de uno de los cañones de grueso calibre, González Hontoria, del Crucero Acorazado Vizcaya, en Aserradero, Municipio Guamá , Santiago de Cuba© González J.V. C&D•№ 14•2016 CONTENTS 3 26 CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE 4 UNESCO AND ITS CARIBBEAN 48 UNESCO REGIONAL WORK CONTRIBUTION TO PLAN FOR CULTURE IN LATIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 33 CULTURE & DEVELOPMENT AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN MAGAZINE CULTURE IN THE MILLENNIUM 56 MONITORING TABLES DEVELOPMENT GOALS 43 THE FORUM OF MINISTERS OF CULTURE 6 THE UNESCO CULTURE 45 THE PORTAL OF CULTURE OF LATIN PROGRAMME AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 9 THE UNESCO CULTURE CONVENTIONS 13 CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT ON THE 2030 AGENDA 16 UNESCO CULTURE FOR DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS 67 THE 2030 AGENDA EDITORIAL TEAM CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT № 14 CONTACT UNESCO HAVANA UNESCO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR CULTURE IN LATIN EDITION: ALBERT VILLALONGA [email protected] [email protected] AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, HAVANA, CUBA DESIGN: ARNULFO ESPINOSA [email protected] CALLE CALZADA NO. 551, ESQUINA A CALLE D, www.unesco.org/havana · www.unesco.lacult.org TRANSLATION: SONIA DUNN [email protected] VEDADO, LA HABANA. CP 10400 www.unesco.org/havana · www.lacult.unesco.org TEL.: +537 833 3438, 832 2840, 832 7741, FERNANDO BRUGMAN · ALBERT VILLALONGA 832 7638 BEGOÑA GUZMÁN · OLGA RUFINS · LENIA GAMONAL FAX: +537 833 3144 CULTURE & DEVELOPMENT IS A PERIODICAL PUBLISHED BY THE UNESCO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR CULTURE IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN SINCE THE YEAR 2000. THE MAGAZINE IS A SPACE FOR REFLECTION, THE EXCHANGE AND DISSEMINATION OF IDEAS AND EXPERIENCES DEALING WITH CULTURE AS A PRIORITY ELEMENT FOR THE HUMAN AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION. THE DIGITAL VERSION OF THIS ISSUE IS AVAILABLE IN SPANISH, ENGLISH, FRENCH AND PORTUGUESE AT: WWW.UNESCO.ORG.CU / WWW.UNESCO.LACULT.ORG. ARTICLES EXPRESS THE OPINIONS OF THE AUTHORS AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT THE OPINIONS OF UNESCO. IMAGES, UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICATED, HAVE BEEN PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS, WHO ARE ACCOUNTABLE FOR THEM. C&D•№ 14•2016 3 EDITORIAL 2 t the end of September 2015, the United Fernando Brugman ing indicators on the defence, conservation and Nations General Assembly adopted a new Culture Team Coordinator safeguarding of tangible and intangible heritage, Agenda for Sustainable Development, which UNESCO Regional Office for the prevention and fight against the illicit traffick- during the next fifteen years will set the Culture in Latin America and ing of cultural property, the protection and promo- Aguidelines to be followed by all, and for all. The the Caribbean tion of the diversity of cultural expressions and the agenda proposes the achievement of more equitable strengthening of cultural and creative industries. societies, respectful of the environment, aware of the need to apply social and economic policies to achieve “Culture is essential to create a more sustainable de- human and economic development, without endan- velopment, both economic and social, through resil- gering the future use of existing resources. ient infrastructures that are embedded in local situ- ations and are based on the history and knowledge Two weeks earlier, the Director-General of UNESCO, of the people”, said the Director-General, who called Irina Bokova, participated in Havana in the Third for “the participation of all in the work plan, which Meeting of Ministers of Culture of the Community of should serve as a compass for government action in Latin American and Caribbean States, which brought the field of culture for the next fifteen years”. together 33 delegations from the States in the region, 14 of which were represented by their ministers of In this 14th issue of Culture & Development maga- culture. The Director-General underscored the role zine, the UNESCO Regional Office for Culture in of Latin America and the Caribbean in consolidating Latin America and the Caribbean is pleased to pre- the values and ideals which 70 years before led to the sent this Plan, which is the result of the joint effort creation of UNESCO and the importance of recover- of the Member States of the Organization in the re- ing them in order to address the current global chal- gion, through the commitment of its National Com- lenges. “We need this energy today, to respond to missions for UNESCO, its Permanent Delegations, its violence against culture, to deal with the extremism centres under the auspices of the Organization, and, that destroys our common memory and pursues in- particularly, its civil societies and experts that in re- dividuals based on their beliefs and traditions, in the cent years have enriched UNESCO’s work across Latin Middle East and elsewhere,” she stated. America and the Caribbean, as well as of UNESCO’s eleven offices throughout the continent. The Director-General further stressed the role of culture in designing more inclusive and sustainable The issue also includes UNESCO’s work in the sphere societies based on the identities, values and skills of of culture, the Culture for Development Indicators, the community. “Today, in Havana, we must seize this the contents of previous issues –all available at www. opportunity to raise the profile of culture ever higher, lacult.unesco.org– and a summary of the 2030 Agen- for all members of the Community of Latin American da. And so we would like you to enjoy reading this and Caribbean States to build culture and cultural di- material, which will hopefully become a useful work- versity into all development efforts.” ing tool for the coming years. On the same day, Bokova inaugurated the regional workshop for the discussion and validation of the 2016-2021 UNESCO Work Plan for Culture in Latin America and the Caribbean. The Plan will support the achievement of the new Sustainable Develop- ment Goals adopted by the United Nations General Assembly, proposing concrete actions and monitor- 4 C&D•№ 14•201614•2015 UNESCO, CULTURE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO 1 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 1.1. Culture in the Millennium Development Goals Today, fifteen years after the approval of the Millennium Devel- It was ignored, perhaps, that there is no one single develop- opment Goals, we know it has not been possible to achieve all ment recipe, as cultures need to determine their development those goals because, to a great extent, the development pro- models, and not the other way around. grammes, strategies and policies adopted were insufficient, or were not adequately defined. In short, it was forgotten that recognizing, appreciating and sharing culture, the cultures of each of us and of our diverse Surprisingly, culture was not incorporated into the Millennium groups, is the essential step to reducing social inequality and Development Goals or their indicators, alleging numerous dif- achieving the full integration of society. ficulties to measure its impact on development. It is necessary to remember that the value of culture lies in the However, one of the reasons why the goals set in the year 2000 production and consumption of cultural goods, services and ac- were not met is probably the failure to explicitly recognize the tivities, and in the knowledge we pass on to each other through role of culture in economic growth, resource management, con- symbols that we first understand and internalize, and later flict resolution, the approach to social inequities, or the reaffir- transform and innovate. These shared symbols give a sense of mation of identities. collective belonging and identity, and help to strengthen the social cohesion needed to establish relations, whether commer- Nor was it understood at the time that culture is an extremely cial, professional or personal. effective vector for the transmission of knowledge and the basis for innovation and creation, including scientific breakthroughs. C&D•№ 14•2016 5 © UNESCO Brugman /F. In addition, understanding the symbols used by other groups That is right in theory. However, in practice, there is a systematic through cultural exchange makes it possible to establish re- under-utilization of cultural resources, whether patrimonial or lationships far beyond our own group and thus acquire new contemporary, terrestrial or marine, movable or immovable, and knowledge. It also makes it possible to resolve conflicts and en- tangible or intangible, due to the lack of or, what is even worse, gage in dialogue to broaden horizons. the failure to implement standards, measures and policies for their protection, management and promotion. Therefore, culture should be recognized as an essential pillar for development, which complements those of an economic, social The destruction of, damage to, or illicit trafficking in cultural her- and environmental nature. Culture is thus viewed as an eco- itage does not only lead to economic loss but also violates the nomic sector, as a means for the transmission of knowledge and collective right to gain access to knowledge, hurts feelings of identities, and as the basis for an enhanced quality of life, social identity, undermines our collective development capacity, and cohesion, conflict resolution and inequality reduction. impairs our quality of life. Cultural diversity is as necessary for sustainable development as biodiversity. If cultural diversity is reduced or the capacity for cul- tural exchange between societies is restricted, cultural resources would be destroyed.
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