Charging Ripple Warranties Star Diagnosis

Information for the Independent Mercedes-Benz Service Professional September 2007 U.S. $6.00 € 12.50

The First Mercedes

Charging Ripple

Warranties

Star Diagnosis

Volume 7 Number 3 TO OUR READERS IN THIS ISSUE Welcome to StarTuned , the magazine for independent service technicians working on Mercedes- 5110 YEARS SINCE MERCEDES’ Benz vehicles. Your Mercedes-Benz dealer sponsors StarTuned and DAD BOUGHT HIS FIRST CAR In 18 97, successful German-born businessman Emil Jellinek provides the information coming bought his first car from genius inventor Gottlieb Daimler. your way in each issue. Mercedes-Benz wants to present the information you need to know to diagnose and repair Mercedes-Benz 6 TOO MUCH AC IN THE DC: cars accurately, quickly and the first CHARGING SYSTEM RIPPLE VOLTAGE time; text, graphics, on-line and other Subtle troubles can occur if those diodes are leaking technical sources combine to make this possible. Feature articles, derived from 12 WE’VE GOT YOU COVERED: approved company sources, focus MERCEDES-BENZ SPARE on being useful and interesting. PARTS WARRANTY Our digest of technical information As an independent working on Mercedes-Benz vehicles, you're can help you solve unanticipated taking a risk any time you purchase a non-genuine part. problems quickly and expertly. Our list of Mercedes-Benz dealers can help you find Genuine 22 STAR DIAGNOSIS: Mercedes-Benz Parts. YOUR GUIDING LIGHT We want StarTuned to be both Any diagnostic process must incorporate helpful and informative, so please let three fundamental steps . . . us know just what kinds of features and other diagnostic services you'd like to see in it. We'll continue to 30 FACTORY SERVICE BULLETINS bring you selected service bulletins These suggestions and solutions for technical problems are from Mercedes-Benz and articles from service bulletins and other information published by covering the different systems on Mercedes-Benz, selected and adapted for independent these vehicles. repair shops. Send your suggestions, questions or comments to us at: StarTuned One Mercedes Drive 31 GENUINE MERCEDES-BENZ Montvale, New Jersey 07645 PARTS... NEARBY Phone: 1 800 225 6262, ext. 2647 Wherever you are in the United States, there’s a nearby e-mail: StarT [email protected] source of genuine factory parts for your customers’ Mercedes-Benz vehicles. * European models shown on front cover and page three.

StarTuned is a quarterly publication of Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC ("MBUSA"). No part of this newsletter may be reproduced without the express written permission of MBUSA. Editorial and Circulation Offices : 598 Pine Point Drive, Akron, Ohio 44333. Caution: Vehicle servicing performed by untrained persons could result in serious injury to those persons or others. Information contained in this newsletter is intended for use by trained, professional auto repair technicians ONLY. This information is provided to inform these technicians of conditions which may occur in some vehicles or to provide infor mation which could assist them in proper servicing of these vehicles. Properly trained technicians have the equipment, tools, safety instructions, and know-how to perform repairs correctly and safely. If a condition is described, DO NOT assume that a topic covered in these pages automatically applies to your vehicle or that your vehi cle has that condition. StarTuned is a registered trademark of MBUSA. ®

Information for the Independent Mercedes-Benz Service Professional € September 2007 U.S. $6.00 12.50

Group Publisher Editorial Director MBUSA Technical Production Manager Christopher M. Ayers, Jr. Bob Freudenbe rger Content Advisor Devon Ayers [email protected] [email protected] Donald Rotolo [email protected] Senior Project Director Contributing Editor [email protected] Circulation Manager Tamra Ayers Wade Nelson Project Director Joann Turner [email protected] [email protected] Russell G. Chave [email protected] Contributing Editor [email protected] List Consultant Kerry Jonsson Art Director NFocus [email protected] Jef Sturm [email protected]

Visit us at our website www.MBWholesaleParts.com to view this issue and all past issues of StarTuned, along with a wealth of information on Genuine Mercedes-Benz Parts. 06 StarTuned 110 Years Since Mercedes ' Dad Bought His First Car In 1897, successful German-born businessman Emil Jellinek bought his first car from genius inventor Gottlieb Daimler. He became an enthusias - tic fan of the automobile, took part in the earliest motor races, and quickly became the largest distributor of Daimler cars. A few months after Herr Daimler's death in 1900, Jellinek persuaded the management of the Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft to have its chief designer, legendary and visionary engineer Wilhelm Maybach, build a fast, lightweight Emil Jellinek didn't only love Daimler cars; he also and safe car. Jellinek also made a second sugges - doted on his daughter, Mercédès . tion: the new car should bear the name of his daughter, Mercédès, who was then ten years old. And what a new car it was. More advanced than any other of the time, there's no disputing that it set the pattern for all that was to come for many decades. Essentially, it defined the car as we know it today. Of course, during the previous 15 years since Karl Benz had patented his three-wheeler, all sorts of contraptions, both European and American, had been produced that proved capable of moving under their own power, more or less, but none but the 1901 Mercedes deserved billing as "The This example of the first Mercedes was owned by U.S. World’s First Modern Automobile." Instead of a millionaire William K. Vanderbilt. Note how modern the wooden frame, it featured pressed-steel chassis essentials of its design are compared to other cars of members. Its front-mounted, four-cylinder 35- the period. It had a low, stable stance, too. horsepower engine was the first to use inlet valves operated by a camshaft. The car’s trans - mission allowed precise selection of any gear at will. Its honeycomb radiator with engine-driven fan was far more efficient (and more visually appeal - ing) than the monstrous lengths of finned tubing used on other vehicles to dissipate excess engine heat. It was altogether quieter, more civilized and easier to operate than any other motor vehicle of the time – and it was quickly copied as the blue - print of cars that would follow. In September of that year the name "Mercedes" was protected as a registered trademark. Twenty- four years later, DMG merged with Benz & Cie. The companies founded by the two inventors of This Benz Velo of just a few years before provides the automobile, Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz, astonishing proof of just how far ahead the thus amalgamated to become Daimler-Benz AG; Mercedes was. And the Velo was the first and Mercedes became Mercedes-Benz. successful commercially-produced automobile.

StarTuned 05 FEATURE ARTICLE

Too much AC in the DC Charging System Ripple Voltage

06 StarTuned Subtle troubles can occur if those diodes are leaking Editor's Note: We're aware of the preference for the term "generator" in some quarters, but we believe "alternator" makes a useful distinction -- Mercedes- Benz vehicles tend to last so long that there are still many on the road that have actual DC generators.

Got a vehicle with mysterious electrical problems? Too much ripple in an alternator’s output can cause electronic modules to misbehave, along with all sorts of other problems. Modules may reset, self-trigger, or misinterpret sensor readings when they’re not supplied with good, clean power, or are getting hit with excessive EMI (electromagnetic interference). Measuring alternator ripple is a quick and easy test to perform. It should take under a minute, depending on how challenging access to the alternator is, and the results can warn you of potential charging system problems. In this article we’ll discuss the best ways to check ripple, the correct tools to use, and what you should be on the lookout for.

DMM and lab scope

An open diode may produce a pattern like this on a lab scope.

StarTuned 07 RIPPLE VOLTAGE

A measurement of ripple at the battery terminals won't be as accurate as taking it at the alternator.

You can quickly test for ripple with a Digital three-phase alternating current produced by Multimeter (DMM) set on AC volts. With the the alternator into direct current. It increases engine running at 3,000 rpm and the headlamps significantly when rectifier diodes, windings, and on low beam, attach one lead to the alternator other alternator components fail. Since load B+ terminal and the other to the alternator case. testing an alternator will conclusively confirm the If the AC voltage exceeds .5 volts, you may have presence of bad diodes or failed windings, the a rectification problem. An oscilloscope provides value of measuring or viewing ripple exists mainly even better diagnostic information. Probing these as a quick test. A bad diode will cause 33% of same points with an oscilloscope will display the the alternator’s current output to be lost, “mmm” or “picket fence” pattern of working something you can’t miss performing a load test. diodes, or the “tails” and other irregular patterns Even so, an understanding of ripple will benefit caused by failed diodes or windings. Mercedes the technician combating mysterious electrical or Repair Document 15-0600, “Checking Alternator electronics problems, and charging issues. with Regulator In Vehicle” illustrates “good” and A failing alternator diode will not only “bad” patterns. contaminate the power supplied to the vehicle Where you measure ripple is as important as with ripple, it can also “spray” electromagnetic the tools you use to do it. The vehicle battery interference, which can trigger ignition systems, acts like a gigantic capacitor, smoothing out falsify sensor readings, and give a hard time to alternator ripple. The closer to the source of the keyless entry and other radio frequency (RF) noise -- the alternator -- the more accurate a systems. EMI can also generate static on the measurement you’ll get. Ideally, you want to radio, produce alternator whine, and interfere place your scope leads on the alternator B+ with cellphones, broadband internet, and other terminal and against the alternator case itself. radio systems.

Failed load test Traces

Alternator ripple is electrical "noise" that is Viewing the alternator output with an oscillo - produced during the rectification of the scope is the preferred technique for diagnosing

08 StarTuned ripple. If an alternator is suffering from a diode needle might in fact give more accurate readings fault, long downward "tails" typically appear from of AC ripple than a modern DMM, because the the trace at regular intervals. The amplitude of inertia of the needle itself “averages” the signal the waveform will vary under different conditions. somewhat, and your eyes can do the rest. As A fully charged battery will show a "flatter" pic - one M-B specialist technician says, "I have found ture, while a discharged battery will show an that using an AC volt meter to be a waste of time exaggerated amplitude. Be careful about fluores - to test for AC ripple on vehicle generators. The cent drop lights -- having one too close can AC volt meter voltage depends a lot on the create false readings on your scope. shape of the waveform, and most times AC noise In addition to battery charge level, alternator from the generator does not resemble a clean design itself affects the amount of ripple pro - sine wave." duced. Heavy-duty eight and 12 diode alternators Another M-B tech tells StarTuned, "Even a will produce more ripple than six diode units. In properly functioning alternator generates some general, the higher amperage, more powerful ripple. The 'picket fence' pattern of a properly alternators used in larger vehicles will generate functioning rectifier bridge includes some AC more ripple. This can be up to a volt or more energy. The question is, 'How much?' Often, the when heavily loaded. Consequently, a look with picket fence pattern may look okay, but the total an oscilloscope will generate fewer “false posi - amplitude is unacceptable. Other times, with a tives” than a simple measurement with a DMM. Part of the problem with measuring ripple with a DMM is that averaging and “true-RMS” meters alike assume that users are attempting to meas - ure a sine wave and calculate an AC value based on that. If you are measuring a non-sinusoidal waveform (i.e. spiky with a bad diode), the meter can display false results; in some cases, wildly wrong. Hence the preference for using a scope. If you have an alternator that is putting out a voltage that swings sinusoidally between 12.5 and 14.5 volts, you’d have a DC component of 13.5 volts, and an AC component of 1.0 volts effectively "riding on top" of the DC component. Depending on the voltmeter you used, whether it was a true RMS or an estimating type, it might read .7V AC or 1.0V AC. A capacitor inside the DMM is used to filter out the DC component when the meter is set to make AC readings. Similarly, on an oscilloscope this is known as “AC Coupling” since a capacitor effectively blocks any DC current from flowing.

Always some AC

What an alternator puts out, even after it is “rectified” by the diodes (that is, converted to Most VATs include a ripple DC), isn’t very pretty. Even a healthy alternator puts out some ripple. And it won’t produce AC function. This one reads out the readings on voltmeters that are nearly as accu - rate as a “pretty” sinusoidal waveform would. actual AC content instead of just An old-fashioned analog type voltmeter with a turning on a warning lamp. n open diode may produce a pat - StarTuned 09 tern like this on a lab scope. RIPPLE VOLTAGE truly failed diode, one or more 'pickets' will pattern you see won’t be as “pretty” as what is be missing, or there will be spikes/hash/noise shown in textbooks where patterns are obtained accompanying the pattern of an excessive from alternators that aren’t connected to noisy magnitude." loads. If you don’t know how to use an oscillo - scope, checking alternator ripple is the ideal task The typical VAT (Volt Amp Tester) includes to learn on since it’s as simple a scope task as diode testing features. These are usually also there is. measuring the amount of AC energy being Specifications for the maximum permissible produced, and the warning light may trip at amount of ripple vary. In general, with older somewhere between .25 and .5 volts of AC. carbureted vehicles, anything under two volts On one common model, for instance, a partially peak-to-peak was okay; no sensitive electronics discharged battery may indicate “Diodes were aboard. On early fuel injected cars, general - Marginal,” while it will indicate that everything ly under one volt peak-to-peak was acceptable. is fine if the battery is fully charged. But on later models, nothing more than .5 V is Clearly, looking at the alternator output with an acceptable. It’s typically when one or more oscilloscope is the best technique for analyzing diodes begin to break down, and allow current to ripple. The three-peak pattern of good diodes is flow in both directions, or neither, that AC ripple unmistakable on a scope readout, and so is a increases, and strange electrical problems begin. two-high, one-low pattern of an alternator with a Remember, ripple propagates all the way through single failed diode. Even using a scope, the the vehicle's electrical system.

Some future Mercedes-Benz vehicles will be The Future of equipped with Integrated Starter/Alternator Devices, or ISADs, which combine the function Alternator Ripple of the starter and alternator. Some may be belt Alternator ripple may look a lot different in the driven, while others will be mounted inline future. Literally. In today’s alternators, diodes are between the engine and transmission. ISADs can used to rectify the windings’ output by only provide torque smoothing, eliminating the need allowing current to flow in fixed directions in for a dual-mass flywheel in diesel applications. order to exit the rectifier bridge. For this service, ISAD’s will benefit from AR diodes charge a hefty price; a voltage drop of technology just like any .6 to .7 volts. That voltage drop generates other AC genera - significant unwanted heat. tor. Tomorrow’s alternators will use field effect transistors – FETs – to switch the current flow between two paths without the heavy penalty imposed by diodes. So-called “Active Rectification” can pro - vide a 25% boost in power output from a standard alternator. The ripple pattern active rectification will produce will look entirely different. The first production “Active Integrated Rectifier Regulator" was designed by International Rectifier for the alternator in the Maybach and provided an astounding 350 Amps at 6,000 rpm FETs replace diodes in efficient (cold), and more than 200 Amps at idle. active rectification circuits.

StarTuned 11 FEATURE ARTICLE

We 've Got You Covered The Mercedes-Benz 12 StarTuned As an independent working on Mercedes-Benz vehicles, you're taking a risk any time you purchase a non-genuine part. In the automotive repair business, your customers rely on you to provide the type of service that allows them worry-free operation of their vehicles. They don’t understand how complex these vehicles have become. They just know they need their vehicles to operate in a safe and predictable manner. Here is one buying decision you can make that will help you achieve this goal. Spare Parts Warranty StarTuned 13 SPARE PARTS WARRANY

When it comes to automotive service, there is process. Being a shop owner, or a technician, some shared responsibility. There are some customer care and the quality of the work done repairs that do not require any more than diag - enhance your reputation. However, you are only nosing the situation, accessing the troubled area in direct control of labor. Your knowledge and and repairing the problem without the use of any experience allows you to disassemble compo - new parts, so there are no outside influences. nents, make the necessary changes and Other than this unusual scenario, everything reassemble the vehicle so that it performs from a simple oil change to a from-the-ground-up properly. You are in control of your knowledge, restoration requires two components: labor and experience and execution. But this is only one parts. You are solely responsible for the quality side of the equation. of the former, but you share responsibility for the latter. Repair receipts reflect this two-fold situation. Our Partner You purchase the parts for the customer The other side of the equation is the parts you and install them. As far as the customer is use in the performance of the maintenance or concerned, you are responsible for the entire repair job. The parts side of the business affects

14 StarTuned Genuine brake parts not only carry the company's excellent warranty, they come with all the extra parts needed for a quality installation. everything from scheduling (how long do you have to wait for delivery?) to durability and proper fit and finish. In other words, a problem part can and will make you look bad. It could be that an aftermarket parts supplier does not have coverage for the application, so you either get the wrong part or have to wait for the correct one. This can be a significant prob - lem, particularly if the repair involves a brake or suspension component and the vehicle is stuck up on a lift. To avoid this waste of time, you need to be sure you are ordering the correct part for the vehicle at hand. That's one of the big advan - tages of using genuine Mercedes-Benz parts. Not only can you access over 90,000 unique parts in inventory, including specialty and hard-to-find items, but you can also take advantage of a depth and completeness of knowledge that is truly unsurpassed. Even if you purchase a part that fits well enough to be installed, it is very important to your schedule, productivity, reputation and peace of mind to have the confidence that you are not going to have to do the job over again. Very often, aftermarket replacement parts are manu - factured in a way, or using materials, that reduce cost and create a cheaper option for the installer, while consolidating catalog numbers. On the The superior quality of other hand, genuine Mercedes-Benz spare parts are built with one essential goal in mind: that they Genuine Mercedes-Benz meet the exacting specifications required of the O.E.M. equivalent. By using only Mercedes-Benz brake rotors makes it replacement parts, you guarantee the vehicle's documented “authenticity.” The unequaled sup - unlikely to have a port Mercedes-Benz provides for the parts it sells is demonstrated by the fact that it offers one of warranty claim the best warranties in the business. with them.

StarTuned 15 SPARE PARTS WARRANY

Don’t Talk the Talk if You day that is printed on the purchase receipt of the Can’t Walk the Walk component, and since the mileage is unlimited, there is no need to document the odometer When choosing between genuine Mercedes- reading (although we suggest you do that for your Benz replacement parts and aftermarket alterna - own records). Keep in mind that laws regarding tives, remember that only Mercedes-Benz sup - warranty periods vary from state to state, so do ports the quality and workmanship of its parts some research on your state's laws regarding with its "Vehicle Service Parts Limited Warranty." your business liability. Another thought to remem - This covers all genuine Mercedes-Benz replace - ber is that Mercedes-Benz will not cover damage ment parts with a 12 month/Unlimited Mileage that is the result of testing or removal and limited warranty. Mercedes-Benz will cover replacement of any components. An example of defects in the construction and composition -- this is the Star Diagnosis recommended testing that is, any structural failure of the material procedure for catalytic converters. Drilling test and/or defect that is the result of the manufac - holes to check catalyst efficiency will void the turing process. The one-year warranty starts the warranty of the catalytic convert er.

The same great warranty on genuine Mercedes- Benz parts applies to classic models, such as this 220S Cabriolet from the late '50s.

16 StarTuned M-B is so confident in the quality of its remanufactured transmissions that they carry a two-yea r/24,000-mile warranty. This warranty even applies to the extensive line warranty covers the mechanical operation of the of Mercedes-Benz Classic Parts for vehicles no transmission components from defects in materi - longer in production. als and manufacturing to reassembly. Some transmission specialty shops offer lifetime war - What About the Drivetrain? ranties, but do not use genuine Mercedes-Benz parts, and often the warranty is not transferable. Mercedes Benz believes so strongly in the In addition to transmissions, the engine also has quality of its remanufactured drivetrain parts an industry-leading warranty. A Mercedes-Benz that it offers an even more extensive warranty. remanufactured engine is covered for an impres - For example, a Mercedes-Benz remanufactured sive four years/50,000 miles, whichever comes transmission is warranted for two years or first. By the way, this is the same warranty period 24,000 miles, whichever comes first. This offered on new Mercedes-Benz vehicles.

(Continued on page 20)

StarTuned 17

SPARE PARTS WARRANY (Continued from page 17)

Mercedes-Benz remanufactured engines are covered for an impressive four years, or 50,000 miles.

Your Solution Mercedes-Benz strives to support your busi - ness in more and better ways than anyone else. With this kind of coverage, along with the vast So, the MBUSA slogan, "Can you purchase a knowledge that carries through to technical sup - partnership like you can a part?" can be port and the accuracy of order fulfillment and answered, "Yes!" delivery, genuine Mercedes-Benz replacement parts become a cost-effective solution to supply - ing your customers with the best possible serv - Visit us at our new website ice, the best possible parts at the best possible www.MBWholesaleParts.com price. Your peace of mind is one reward for a job to view this article and all past issues of StarTuned, well done, right down to making the right parts along with a wealth of information on purchase decision. Genuine Mercedes-Benz Parts.

Relive the good ol’ days. Mercedes-Benz makes it easier to find classic car parts.

Call 86 6-MB CLASSIC , and Mercedes works to track down the Genuine Mercedes-Benz

Classic Part you need. So you can be sure of one thing: they really do still make

’em like they used to. Visit MBUSA.com /classic. Genuine Mercedes-Benz Pa rts FEATURE ARTICLE

Star Diagnosis: Your Guiding Light

22 StarTuned Any diagnostic process must incorporate three fundamental steps: 1. Assessing the problem

2. Gathering pertinent information on system operation

3. Combination of a diagnostic plan along Mercedes-Benz with proper execution developed DAS (also known to isolate the cause as SDS), and here are all An indispensable the components. The large weapon in our black box to the right of troubleshooting the laptop is the arsenal is the Diagnostic Multiplexer. self-diagnostic This multiplexer switches capability of the engine communication between management computer. control units on vehicles Here's how Star Diagnosis provides everything we with the 38-pin and 16-pin need to tap into it. diagnostic connectors.

StarTuned 23 STAR DIAGNOSIS

This is the Compact3, the tablet PC that contains the DAS and plugs into all the other peripherals.

Mercedes-Benz is considered the leader in PC computing with computer controlled systems automotive technology, and the three-pointed on its vehicles. This is accomplished with DAS. star is an icon of engineering achievement. It is The Diagnostic Assistance System can communi - also symbolic of Mercedes-Benz’s three-tiered cate with all the control units on the vehicle approach to diagnostics. This approach is a com - through the CAN (Controller Area Network). No prehensive system that includes diagnostic com - longer do we have multiple system testers for munication, technical information and electrical each individual automotive system. This diagnos - measurement. This package is known as Star tic scan tool is composed of Windows-based PC Diagnosis. software with a touch-screen tablet computer, Star Diagnosis is a PC-based program that has interface cables and a Diagnostic Multiplexer. three components. The first is designed to inter - The PC holds all the information necessary to face with computer-controlled systems by physi - diagnose and repair computer controlled sys - cally linking up with the vehicle. This system is tems. This is more than just the ability to access known as DAS, or Diagnostic Assistance System DTCs (Diagnostic Trouble Codes) and the data (also known as SDS). The second component of stream (although those are good places to start). the system is service information. This is known Diagnostic flowcharts are included in the soft - as WIS (or WISnet), or Workshop Information ware, along with TSB (Technical Service Bulletins System. The final component is HMS990, or -- through WIS) updates and other features. Hermann Measurement System 990. This allows Among these features is the ability to reprogram you to complete the diagnostic plan with control units. This reprogramming becomes electrical tests to identify if the problem is in the important when there is an update to the vehi - computer, a related component, or the wiring cle's existing calibration. This new calibration between the two. The synergy among these gives can help a control unit improve its function or us comprehensive diagnostic power. repair a problem in the vehicle's software. It also becomes useful when control units have to be DAS, Diagnostic Assistance replaced and you need to download the existing programming from the problem ECU and upload System this program to the new replacement. Self-diagnostic capability has been around for In addition to reprogramming, version coding decades, but Mercedes-Benz has incorporated may be required. This coding tailors the control

24 StarTuned unit to the vehicle it is placed in. As an example, components. Initializing the systems “re-syncs” version coding for a control unit in the powertrain the various components so they can perform CAN would be different for a vehicle with ESP coordinated functions with one another. The (Electronic Stability Program) than one Diagnostic Multiplexer allows the PC to communi - without. To complete the software package, Star cate with all of the various control units on the Diagnosis is able to initialize systems. Some fea - car through the 38-pin and 16-pin diagnostic con - tures of computer control require various compo - nectors. This adds up to extensive communica - nents to be synchronized. When battery power is tion and control of the self-diagnostic capabilities lost, so can the synchronization between these in the vehicle's computer controlled sys tems.

In WIS or WISnet, you first enter the vehicle information. Then, click on the “Literature” field to get a complete list of the systems for this vehicle.

StarTuned 25 STAR DIAGNOSIS

In this screen, you select the system you want information on from the list on the left. Then, hit the arrow button going down to add this system to the “Selected Systems” field. Finally, after highlighting the system you just selected, you check off the type of information you want in the boxes on the right. Click on the “Binocular” field and all of the documents found will be displayed.

26 StarTuned Here is the payoff of our search: photographs showing component location, procedures for R&R and torque specs. You can pick other documents to display in the top field of the screen.

StarTuned 27 STAR DIAGNOSIS The HMS990 is a data acquisition board that displays its reading on the DAS PC. You can use the PC’s memory to record this data during Workshop Information System a road test to isolate An early step along any diagnostic path will include a gathering of service information. This intermittent problems. Figure 4 Figure 5 includes component location, removal and board. All types of electrical testing can be Figure 5 replacement procedures, and diagnostic testing performed, from simple voltage, resistance and specifications. This information is not only for the amperage measurements to voltage and current initial diagnostic assessment, but is also used for ramp patterns of operating solenoids. This any typical repair and service of Mercedes-Benz advancement in testing can lead to easier diag - vehicles. It is organized by the Baumuster or nosis of intermittent problems as voltage and chassis number, or by model designation. This amperage can be recorded for later interpreta - allows Mercedes-Benz to reduce duplication of tion. Keep in mind this link between DAS and repair information and also provide information HMS is for later model Mercedes-Benz vehicles about changes that occur in the production cycle built after the W211 chassis introduction. Simply of a chassis. You can also look up diagrams by put, your test leads are connected to the the US VIN. This WIS component is also available HMS990 unit, which then measures the electri - with a paid subscription to the internet cal signals and puts out a language that the PC Mercedes-Benz technical website, program can understand and displays these sig - www.startekinfo.com. A portion of STAR TekInfo nals as if we were looking at a scope. is STAR Wiring where you will find component location as well as have the capability of printing A Brave New World wiring diagrams. Also, under "Workshop Resources ", you can find out how to purchase Those of us who have been in the auto any of this diagnostic equipment. service business for decades remember being Now that you have all the technical amazed by electronic ignition when it appeared information you need, it is time to start testing. in the mid-'70s, surprised by computer-controlled fuel injection in the late ‘70s, relieved to get Hermann Measurement System self-diagnostics in the ‘80s, encouraged by data PIDs in the mid ‘90s, and floored by the The HMS990 is designed for those who would integrated communication of CAN as we like to incorporate their physical testing of com - approached 2000. By incorporating a PC and an puter controlled systems with DAS. The Hermann Internet data site, DAS takes this evolution to the Measurement System is a data acquisition board next logical level, and will allow you to find that interfaces with DAS and uses it to display problems that would have stumped you the electrical measurements being taken by the without it. That's real progress.

28 StarTuned 4 FACTORY SERVICE BULLETINS

Sensotronic Brake Control (SBC) Bleeding Procedure SL and E-Class, all years The SBC brake hydraulic system must be bled with the menu-assisted STAR Diagnostics “Bleed Brake System” and “Inspect Brake System For Air” functions, or aftermarket equivalent, after the replacement or removal/installation of the following components: SBC hydraulic unit (A7/3), brake operating unit, suction line, pressure reservoir, brake lines or hoses, brake fluid reservoir, or brake calipers. Reference WIS documents AH42.10-P-0002-01T and AR42. 10-P-0012R. P2020 (P0172), P2046, P201C or P201A may Further, when performing repair work on an be caused by a tear in the partial load vent SBC system, it is imperative that the brake hose at the connection to the crankcase. system only be bled with Mercedes-Benz- Air will bypass the mass air sensor -- i.e. approved bleeding equipment. The procedure unmeasured air will enter the intake -- requires that the unit must maintain a constant causing the engine to run lean. pressure of at least 2 bar, but not to exceed 3.5 bar. In conjunction with the approved brake bleeder, the electrohydraulic brake adapter (EHB) The remedy: tool must also be utilized in order to ensure that 1. Remove the supercharger. Refer to WIS the brake fluid receptacle bleeding hose is document AR09.50-P-4705QK. securely affixed to the brake caliper’s bleeder screw (reference WIS document AR42.1 2. Remove and install partial load vent hose 0-P-0010-02R). for crankcase ventilation. Approved Mercedes-Benz brake bleeders are available through the MBUSA Standard Service 3. Install the supercharger according to the Equipment Program (SSEP). WIS document above.

Note: Use a “click clamp” as specified in parts information for securing hose. Ensure that the C230CL 1.8 Kompressor clamp is positioned as close to the end of the Engine Performance hose as possible and fastened tight.

Complaint Parts Information: Engine vibration, rpm fluctuations at idle, or Click Clamp, 005 997 49 90 poor accelerator response along with codes Partial Load Vent Hose, 271 018 04 82 Figure 2

30 StarTuned GENUINE ME RCEDES -BE NZ PA RTS.. . NEARBY

Alabama Belmont Palo Alto Walnut Creek Autobahn Motors Park Avenue Motors Mercedes-Benz of Walnut Creek Dothan 650-637-2333 650-494-0311 925-937-1655 Mike Schmitz Automotive Beverly Hills Pasadena West Covina 334-794-6716 Mercedes-Benz of Beverly Hills Rusnak/Arcadia Penske Motorcars 310-659-2980 626-795-8004 626-859-1200 Hoover Crown Automobile Buena Park Pleasanton Colorado 205-985-4200 House of Imports Mercedes-Benz of Pleasanton 925-463-2525 714-562-1100 Colorado Springs Huntsville Calabasas Riverside Mercedes-Benz of Colorado Springs Mercedes-Benz of Huntsville Mercedes-Benz of Calabasas Walter’s Auto Sales & Service, Inc. 719-575-7950 256-837-5752 818-591-2377 951-688-3332 Denver Mobile Carlsbad Rocklin Murray Motor Imports McConnell Automotive Hoehn Motors Von Housen’s Motors 303-759-3400 251-476-4141 760-438-4454 916-630-8877 Chico Sacramento Littleton Montgomery Courtesy Motors Auto Center Mercedes-Benz of Sacramento Mercedes-Benz of Littleton Jack Ingram Motors 530-893-1300 916-924-8000 303-738-7700 334-277-5700 El Dorado Hills San Diego Westminster Tuscaloosa Mercedes-Benz of Eldorado Hills Mercedes-Benz of San Diego Mercedes-Benz of Westminster Leigh Automotive 916-567-5100 858-279-7202 303-410-7800 205-556-1111 Encino San Francisco Mercedes-Benz of Encino Mercedes-Benz of San Francisco Connecticut Alaska 818-788-0234 415-673-2000 Danbury Anchorage Escondido San Jose Mercedes-Benz of Anchorage Beshoff Motorcars Mercedes-Benz of Danbury Mercedes-Benz of Escondido 203-778-6333 907-277-3383 760-745-5000 408-239-2300 Fairbanks Fremont San Jose Fairfield Cook’s Import Fletcher Jones Motor Cars Smythe European Mercedes-Benz of Fairfield 907-459-7000 510-623-1111 408-983-5200 203-368-6725 Arizona Fresno San Luis Obispo Greenwich Mercedes-Benz of Fresno Kimball Motor Mercedes-Benz of Greenwich Chandler 559-438-0300 805-543-5752 203-869-2850 Mercedes-Benz of Chandler San Rafael Glendale Hartford 480-403-3400 Calstar Motors R.A.B. Motors 415-454-0582 New Country Motor Cars Phoenix 818-246-1800 860-278-2000 Phoenix Motor Santa Barbara 602-264-4791 Laguna Niguel New London Mercedes-Benz of Laguna Niguel Santa Barbara Auto Group 805-682-2000 Carriage House of New London Phoenix 949-347-3700 860-447-3361 Schumacher European La Jolla Santa Clarita 480-991-1155 Heinz Gietz Autohaus Mercedes-Benz of Valencia North Haven 661-753-5555 Tucson 858-454-7137 Mercedes-Benz of North Haven 203-239-1313 Mercedes-Benz of Tucson Los Angeles Santa Monica 520-886-1311 Downtown L.A. Motors W.I. Simonson Delaware 213-748-8951 310-526-4700 Arkansas Manhattan Beach Santa Rosa Milford Carwell Smothers European I.G. Burton Fayetteville 302-424-3042 Mercedes-Benz of Northwest Arkansas 310-303-3500 707-542-4810 479-521-7281 Modesto Signal Hill Wilmington Modesto European Mercedes-Benz of Long Beach Mercedes-Benz of Wilmington Little Rock 209-522-8100 562-988-8300 302-995-2211 Riverside Motors 501-666-9457 Monterey Stockton Mercedes-Benz of Monterey Berberian European Motors Florida California 831-375-2456 209-944-5511 Clearwater Anaheim Newport Beach Thousand Oaks Lokey Motor Mercedes-Benz of Anaheim Fletcher Jones Motor Cars Silver Star A.G. 727-530-1661 714-777-1900 949-718-3000 805-371-5400 Coral Gables Arcadia Oakland Torrance Rusnak/Arcadia Mercedes-Benz of Oakland Bill Ussery Motors Mercedes-Benz of South Bay 305-445-8593 626-447-1117 510-832-6030 310-534-3333 Bakersfield Palm Springs Van Nuys Daytona Beach Mercedes-Benz of Bakersfield Mercedes-Benz of Palm Springs Keyes European Mercedes-Benz of Daytona Beach 661-836-3737 760-328-6525 818-461-3900 386-274-4775

StarTuned 31 Fort Lauderdale Atlanta Orland Park Louisiana Mercedes-Benz of Fort Lauderdale Mercedes-Benz of Buckhead Mercedes-Benz of Orland Park 954-462-4381 404--846-3500 708-460-0400 Alexandria Fort Myers Walker Automotive Augusta Pekin 318-445-6421 Mercedes-Benz of Fort Myers Mercedes-Benz of Augusta Sud’s of Peoria 239-433-8300 706-860-1111 309-347-3191 Baton Rouge Fort Pierce Mercedes-Benz of Baton Rouge Columbus Peru 225-490-3101 Mercedes-Benz of Fort Pierce Mercedes-Benz of Columbus 772-466-7000 J.P. Chevrolet GEO Nissan 706.256.6100 815-223-7000 Lafayette Fort Walton Beach Moss Motors Duluth 337-235-9086 Quality Imports Atlanta Classic Cars Springfield 850-863-2161 770-279-3600 Isringhausen Imports Metairie 217-528-2277 Gainesville Mercedes-Benz of New Orleans Macon 504-456-3727 Duval Motorcars Sycamore 352-332-7571 Jackson Automotive Group 478-477-4858 Brian Bemis Imports Shreveport Jacksonville 815-895-8105 Holmes European Motors Brumos Motor Cars Savannah 318-212-1212 904-724-1080 Critz Westmont 912-354-7000 Mercedes-Benz of Westmont Maine Lakeland 630-654-8100 Bangor Central Florida Eurocars Hawaii Indiana Quirk Auto Park of Bangor 863-688-8111 207-941-1017 Honolulu Maitland Evansville Falmouth Mercedes-Benz of Orlando Mercedes-Benz of Honolulu 808-592-5600 D-Patrick Prime Motor Cars 407-645-4222 812-473-6500 207-510-2250 Melbourne Idaho Mercedes-Benz of Melbourne Fort Wayne Maryland 321-956-0600 Boise Shaver Imports Lyle Pearson 260-432-7200 Annapolis Miami 208-377-3900 Mercedes-Benz of Annapolis Mercedes-Benz of Miami Indianapolis 410-268-2222 305-919-8000 Pocatello World Wide Motors 317-580-6810 317-924-5321 Bethesda Naples Robert Allen Auto Group Euro Motorcars 208-232-1062 Mercedes-Benz of Naples Lafayette 301-986-8800 239-643-5006 Illinois Mike Raisor Imports Cockeysville 765-448-4582 Orlando Mercedes-Benz of Hunt Valley 410-666-7777 Mercedes-Benz of South Orlando Arlington Heights Mishawaka 407-367-2700 Mercedes-Benz of Arlington Heights Gurley-Leep Motorwerks Germantown Pembroke Pines 847-259-4455 574-254-7130 Euro Motorcars Germantown, Inc. Mercedes-Benz of Pembroke Pines 240-686-1300 954-517-8600 Barrington Schererville Motor Werks of Barrington Napleton’s Auto Werks of Indiana, Inc Hagerstown Pensacola 847-381-8900 219-865-3800 Mercedes-Benz of Hagerstown Centennial Imports 301-733-2301 850-432-9903 Bourbonnais Napleton’s Autowerks Iowa Owings Mills Pompano Beach 815-933-8221 Davenport R & H Motor Cars Mercedes-Benz of Pompano 410-363-3900 954-943-5000 Champaign Lujack Motorwerks Sullivan-Parkhill Imports 563-388-8610 Salisbury Sarasota 217-352-4161 Mercedes-Benz of Salisbury Mercedes-Benz of Sarasota Des Moines 410-548-3411 941-923-3441 Chicago Mercedes-Benz of Des Moines Mercedes-Benz of Chicago 515-278-4808 Silver Springs St. Petersburg 312-944-0500 Crown Eurocars Herb Gordon Auto Group Iowa City 301-890-3030 727-526-3738 Hoffman Estates Carousel Motors Mercedes-Benz of Hoffman Estates 319-354-2550 Tallahassee 847-885-7000 Massachusetts Capital Eurocars 850-574-3777 Lake Bluff Kansas Boylston Tampa Knauz Continental Autos Wagner Motor Sales 847-234-1700 Shawnee Mission 508-869-6766 Mercedes-Benz of Tampa Aristocrat Motors 813-870-0010 Lincolnwood 913-677-3300 Haverhill Loeber Motors Smith Motor Sales of Haverhill West Palm Beach 847-675-1000 Wichita 978-372-2552 Mercedes-Benz of Palm Beach Scholfield Auto Plaza 561-689-6363 Loves Park 316-688-5000 Hyannis Napleton’s Autowerks Trans-Atlantic Motors Georgia 815- 636-6600 Kentucky 508-775-4526 Marion Albany Ashland Lynnfield Albany Motorcars Foley-Sweitzer Motor Sales Flagship Motorcars 618-997-1313 Giant Auto Group of Ashland 229-883-2040 606-329-2288 781-596-9700 Athens Naperville Bowling Green Natick Mercedes-Benz of Athens Mercedes-Benz of Naperville Buchanan Imports Mercedes-Benz of Natick 706-549-6600 630-305-4560 270-745-0001 508-655-5350 Atlanta Normal Lexington Somerville Mercedes-Benz of South Atlanta Sud’s Motor Car James Motor Chambers Motorcars of Boston 770-964-1600 309-454-1101 859-268-1150 617-666-4100 Atlanta Northbrook Louisville West Springfield RBM of Atlanta Autohaus on Edens Tafel Motors Lewbar Imports 770-390-0700 847-272-7900 502-896-4411 413-733-5102

32 StarTuned Westwood Montana New Mexico Fayetteville Mercedes-Benz of Westwood Valley Motors 781-688-1000 Missoula Albuquerque 910-487-0000 DeMarois Olds-GMC Mercedes-Benz of Albuquerque Michigan 406-721-4000 505-821-4000 Greensboro Mercedes-Benz of Greensboro Acme Nebraska New York 336-856-1552 Mercedes-Benz of Traverse City 231-938-3800 Amityville Hickory Lincoln Mercedes-Benz of Massapequa Husker Auto Group Hendrick Motors Ann Arbor 631-789-1600 828-322-5640 Mercedes-Benz of Ann Arbor 402-479-7600 734-663-3300 Bayside Omaha Helms Brothers Pineville Bloomfield Hills Mercedes-Benz of Omaha 718-631-8181 Mercedes-Benz of South Charlotte Mercedes-Benz of Bloomfield Hills 402-384-9999 704-889-4444 248-644-8400 Binghamton Nevada Empire Motor Car Raleigh Grand Blanc 607-772-0700 Grand Blanc Motorcars Leith 810-695-4400 Las Vegas 919-876-5432 Fletcher Jones Imports Brooklyn Grand Rapids 702-364-2700 702-898-3776 Sovereign Motor Cars 718-258-5100 Wilmington Betten Imports Bob King Autohaus 616-301-2100 Reno Mercedes-Benz of Reno Fayetteville 910-799-3520 Kalamazoo 775-326-4000 Romano Motors Orrin B. Hayes 315-637-4500 Winston-Salem 269-345-0167 Mercedes-Benz of Winston-Salem New Hampshire Goldens Bridge 336-760-4580 Novi Estate Motors Mercedes-Benz of Novi Greenland 914-232-8122 North Dakota 248-426-9600 Dreher-Holloway 603-431-8585 Huntington Okemos Mercedes-Benz of Huntington Fargo Okemos Auto Collection Manchester 631-549-2369 Valley Imports 517-853-2600 Holloway Motor Cars of Manchester 701-277-1777 603-669-6788 Larchmont Rochester Mercedes-Benz of Larchmont Mercedes-Benz of Rochester New Jersey 914-275-4000 Ohio 248-652-3800 Latham Akron Bridgewater Keeler Motor Car St.Claire Shores Ganley Akron Mercedes-Benz of St.Claire Shores Millennium Automotive Group 518-785-4197 908-685-0800 330-733-7511 734-483-0322 Long Island City Cherry Hill Silver Star Motors Bedford Minnesota Mercedes-Benz of Cherry Hill 718-361-2332 Mercedes-Benz of Bedford 440-439-0100 856-663-3200 Nanuet Bloomington Mercedes-Benz of Nanuet Canton Feldmann Imports Edison 845-624-1500 952-837-6300 Ray Catena Motor Car Kempthorn Motors 732-549-6600 New York 330-452-6511 Maplewood Mercedes-Benz Manhattan Maplewood Imports Englewood 212-629-1600 Centerville 651-483-2681 Benzel-Busch Motor Car Ross Motor Cars 201-567-1400 Rochester 937-433-0990 Minnetonka Holtz House of Vehicles Sears Imported Autos Fairfield 716-424-4740 952-546-5301 Cincinnati Globe Motor Car Mercedes-Benz of Cincinnati 973-227-3600 Rockville Centre Mississippi Lakeview Auto Sales and Service 513-984-9000 Freehold 516-766-6900 Columbus Gulfport David Michael Motor Car of Freehold Roslyn Mercedes-Benz of Columbus Ray Brandt Motors of Mississippi 732-462-5300 614-299-2144 228-864-6622 Rallye Motors 516-625-1600 Jackson Lawrenceville Dublin Higginbotham Mercedes-Benz of Princeton Southampton Crown Eurocars 601-956-4211 609-771-8040 Mercedes-Benz of Southampton 614-799-4666 631-204-2500 Missouri Little Silver Mansfield Contemporary Motor Cars St. James Weidner Motors Columbia 732-842-5353 Mercedes-Benz of Smithtown 419-529-7800 Legend Automotive Group 631-265-2204 573-875-5000 Millville Wappingers Falls North Olmsted Quality Lincoln Mercury Hyundai Friendly Motorcars Mercedes-Benz of North Olmsted Creve Coeur 856-327-3000 440-716-2700 Plaza Motor 845-298-0600 314-301-1715 Morristown White Plains Sylvania Ellisville Mercedes-Benz of Morristown Mercedes-Benz of White Plains Vin Devers 914-949-4000 Tri-Star Imports 973-267-9200 419-885-5111 636-458-5222 Williamsville Newton Tiffin Joplin Mercedes-Benz of Buffalo Intercar 716-633-0088 Coppus Motors Frank Fletcher Imports 973-383-8300 419-447-8131 417-781-1177 North Carolina Paramus Kansas City West Chester Prestige Motors Mercedes-Benz of West Chester Mercedes-Benz of Kansas City 201-265-7800 Ashevillle 816-943-7000 Skyland Automotive 513-870-1000 Union 828-667-5213 Willoughby Springfield Cary Elite Automotive Group Ray Catena of Union Leikin Motor 908-379.7200 Mercedes-Benz of Cary 440-946-6900 417-889-5750 919-380-1800 Weldon Spring West Atlantic City Charlotte Youngstown Mercedes-Benz of Progress Point Precision Cars of AtlanticCity Beck Imports of the Carolinas Fred Martin Ford 636-300-2277 609-645-9000 704-535-6400 330-793-2444

StarTuned 33 Oklahoma Rhode Island Georgetown Lynchburg Mercedes-Benz of Georgetown Kenneth Hammersley Motors 512-868-9711 Oklahoma City Tiverton 434-385-6226 Mercedes-Benz of Oklahoma City Viti Harlingen Midlothian 405-236-1224 401-624-6181 Cardenas Autoplex Mercedes-Benz of Richmond 956-425-6000 804-545-9600 Tulsa Warwick Inskip Autocenter Houston Richmond Jackie Cooper Imports Mercedes-Benz of Houston Greenway 918-249-9393 401-821-1510 David R. McGeorge 713-986-6400 804-755-9300 Oregon South Carolina Houston Mercedes-Benz of Houston North Roanoke Bend Charleston 281--233-6000 Hammersley of Roanoke Mercedes-Benz of Bend Baker Moto r of Charleston 540-344-6284 843-852-4000 Houston 541-749-2500 Momentum BMW West Vienna Eugene Columbia 832.772.9100 Mercedes-Benz of Tysons Corner 703-442-8200 Mercedes-Benz of Eugene Dick Dyer and Associates Houston 541-687-8888 803-786-8888 Star Motor Cars Virginia Beach Medford Conway 713-868-6800 Phillips Automotive Mercedes-Benz of Medford Fowler Motors Laredo 757-499-3771 541-857-8072 843-347-4271 Powell Watson Motors Washington Portland Florence 956-722-5182 Mercedes-Benz of Portland Newsome Automotive League City Bellevue 503-228-8351 843-662-8711 Alex Rodriguez Mercedes-Benz of Bellevue 281-554-9100 425-455-8535 Salem Greenville Valley Motor Carlton Motorcars Lubbock Bellingham 503-585-1231 864-213-8000 Mercedes-Benz of Lubbock Wilson Toyota 806-749-2369 360-676-0600 Wilsonville Hilton Head Island Mercedes-Benz of Wilsonville Modern Classic Motors Midland Fife 503-454-5000 843-681-8500 Britt Imports Mercedes-Benz of Tacoma 432-699-7993 253-922-6820 Pennsylvania South Dakota Plano Lynnwood Allentown Ewing Autohaus Mercedes-Benz of Lynnwood Sioux Falls 972-599-0909 Knopf Automotive Vern Eide Motorcars 425-673-0505 610-967-4121 San Antonio 605-335-3000 Pasco Camp Hill Mercedes-Benz of San Antonio 210-366-9600 McCurley Imports Sun Motor Cars Tennessee 509-547-5555 717-737-3030 Sugar Land Chattanooga Devon Mercedes-Benz of Sugar Land Seattle Long of Chattanooga 281-207-1500 Phil Smart Mercedes-Benz of Devon 423-855-3726 610-687-1500 Texarkana 206-324-5959 206-340-5959 Doylestown Franklin Pete Mankins Pontiac-Cadillac Spokane Keenan Motors Mercedes-Benz of Nashville 903-793-5661 Mercedes-Benz of Spokane 215-348-0800 615-742-8000 Tyler 509-455-9100 Erie Kingsport Classic-Tyler Motors 903-581-0600 Yakima Contemporary Motorcar Rick Hill Imports Hahn Motor 814-868-8622 423-224-2260 Waco 509-453-9171 Fort Washington Knoxville Allen Samuels Chevrolet-GEO Mercedes-Benz of Fort Washington Mercedes-Benz of Knoxville 254-772-8850 West Virginia 215-646-7700 865-777-2222 Wichita Falls Charleston Greensburg Patterson Auto Center Memphis 940-766-0293 Smith Company Motor Cars Bud Smail Motorcars Mercedes-Benz of Memphis 304-746-0600 724-838-1200 901-345-6211 Utah Lancaster Morgantown Lindon University Motors Mercedes-Benz of Lancaster Texas 717-569-2100 Mercedes-Benz of Lindon 304-296-4401 801-222-4400 Pittsburgh Austin Parkersburg Mercedes-Benz of Pittsburgh Mercedes-Benz of Austin Salt Lake City Astorg Motor 412-683-5000 512-454-6821 Ken Garff Imports 801-257-3000 304-422-6403 Reading Beaumont Tom Masano Mike Smith Autoplex German Imports Vermont Wisconsin 610-777-6587 409-840-2000 Shelburne Appleton State College Bedford The Automaster Enterprise Motorcars Leitzinger Imports 802-985-8482 920-749-2020 814-238-2447 Park Place Motorcars Mid-Cities 817-359-4700 Washington Virginia Glendale Concours Motors John Sisson Motors Boerne Alexandria 724-206-6000 Mercedes-Benz of Boerne 414-290-1400 830-981-6000 Mercedes-Benz of Alexandria West Chester 703-341-2100 Madison Zimbrick European Mercedes-Benz of West Chester Corpus Christi Arlington 484-313-1100 608-258-4000 Ed Hicks Imports American Service Center 361-854-1955 Wexford 703-525-2100 Waukesha Bobby Rahal Motorcar Dallas Charlottesville Mercedes-Benz of Elmbrook 724-935-9300 Park Place Motorcars Brown European Imports 262-821-5000 214-526-8701 Wilkes-Barre 434-817-3380 Wausau Motorworld El Paso Fredericksburg Rosemurgy International 570-829-3500 Mercedes-Benz of El Paso Noble Cars Auto Mall, Inc. Puerto Rico 915-778-5341 540-373-5200 715-675-7775 Carolina Fort Worth Hampton West Allis Garage Isla Verde Park Place Motorcars of Fort Worth Tysinger Motor International Autos 787-620-1313 817-263-3600 757-865-8000 414-543-3000

34 StarTuned

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Command Performance