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A Study of Single and Multiple Vehicle Crashes Involving Heavy Trucks in Iowa Donald Mathew Cerwick Iowa State University

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A Study of Single and Multiple Vehicle Crashes Involving Heavy Trucks in Iowa Donald Mathew Cerwick Iowa State University Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2013 A study of single and multiple vehicle crashes involving heavy trucks in Iowa Donald Mathew Cerwick Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Cerwick, Donald Mathew, "A study of single and multiple vehicle crashes involving heavy trucks in Iowa" (2013). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 13273. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/13273 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A study of single and multiple vehicle crashes involving heavy trucks in Iowa by Donald Mathew Cerwick III A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major: Civil Engineering (Transportation Engineering) Program of Study Committee: Konstantina Gkritza, Major Professor Shashi Nambisan JiangPing Zhou Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2013 Copyright © Donald Mathew Cerwick III, 2013. All rights reserved. ii Dedication I would like to thank my parents Don and Sharon, my sister Andria, and my best friends Chase and Callie for supporting and encouraging my decision to abandon my previous career and pursue my graduate degree. It was the best decision I ever made! iii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. vi List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... vii Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ ix Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... x Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Research Motivation .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives and Anticipated Results ................................................................................... 1 1.3 Research Approach ............................................................................................................ 2 1.3.1 General Information and Definitions ........................................................................2 1.3.2 Research Framework ................................................................................................3 1.4 Thesis Outline .................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2 Literature Review ......................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Literature Review Overview .............................................................................................. 6 2.2 Field Studies of Heavy Truck Crash Frequency and Severity ........................................... 6 2.3 Statistical Modeling of Crash Frequency, Occurrence, and Severity ................................ 8 2.3.1 Crash Frequency and Occurrence Models ................................................................8 2.3.2 Crash Severity Models ............................................................................................10 2.4 Countermeasures .............................................................................................................. 15 2.4.1 Roadway Improvements .........................................................................................15 2.4.2 Vehicle Improvements ............................................................................................16 2.4.3 Enforcement ............................................................................................................19 2.5 Literature Review Summary ............................................................................................ 22 Chapter 3 Data Description ......................................................................................................... 24 3.1 Data Overview ................................................................................................................. 24 3.2 Heavy Truck Crash Distribution ...................................................................................... 24 3.3 Crash Characteristics ........................................................................................................ 29 3.4 Driver Characteristics....................................................................................................... 31 iv 3.5 Time and Location Characteristics................................................................................... 36 3.6 Roadway and Environmental Characteristics .................................................................. 42 3.7 Summary .......................................................................................................................... 45 Chapter 4 Methodology .............................................................................................................. 47 4.1 Overview of Methodologies Found in Literature ............................................................ 47 4.2 Unordered Discrete Outcome Models .............................................................................. 49 4.2.1 Multinomial Logit Model .......................................................................................49 4.2.2 Nested Logit Model ................................................................................................54 4.2.3 Binary Probit Model ...............................................................................................56 Chapter 5 Estimation Results ...................................................................................................... 58 5.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 58 5.2 Multiple Vehicle Crash Severity Model .......................................................................... 58 5.2.1 Crash Specific Characteristics ................................................................................59 5.2.2 Time and Location Characteristics .........................................................................62 5.2.3 Vehicle Characteristics ...........................................................................................64 5.2.4 Driver Characteristics .............................................................................................65 5.2.5 Roadway and Environmental Characteristics .........................................................66 5.3 Single Vehicle Crash Severity Model .............................................................................. 67 5.3.1 Crash Specific Characteristics ................................................................................69 5.3.2 Time and Location Characteristics .........................................................................70 5.3.3 Vehicle Characteristics ...........................................................................................70 5.3.4 Driver Characteristics .............................................................................................71 5.3.5 Roadway and Environmental Characteristics .........................................................71 5.4 Summary .......................................................................................................................... 72 Chapter 6 Conclusions, Limitations, and Recommendations ..................................................... 73 6.1 Summary and Conclusions ............................................................................................... 73 6.2 Limitations and Recommendations .................................................................................. 75 References ..................................................................................................................................... 78 v Appendix A: Tests of Proportions ............................................................................................... 82 Test of Proportions: Single and Multiple Vehicle Crash Driver Age ..................................... 82 Test of Proportions: Licensure and Crash Data (Age) ............................................................ 83 Test of Proportions: Licensure and Crash Data (Gender) ....................................................... 83 Test of Proportions: Multiple Vehicle Crash Severity by Day of the Week ........................... 84 Test of Proportions: Single and Multiple Vehicle Crashes by Road Surface Conditions ....... 85 Appendix B: Transferability Test ................................................................................................. 86 LIMDEP output for ALL crashes ............................................................................................ 86 LIMDEP output for MULTIPLE vehicle crashes
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