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Adventures in Rocket Science Educator Guide

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Adventures in Rocket Science Educator Guide Educational Guide Grades Educators K–12 EG-2007-12-179-MSFC Acknowledgements Adventures in Rocket Science is an expansion of the NASA guidebook Rockets by Deborah Shearer, Greg Vogt and Carla Rosenberg. New and additional material was written and compiled by: Vince Huegele, Marshall Space Flight Center Scientist and National Association of Rocketry (NAR) Education Chair Kristy Hill, Education Specialist for WILL Technology, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Brenda Terry, Executive Director, Alabama Mathematics, Science and Technology Education Coalition (AMSTEC) This document was produced through The NASA Explorer Institute (NEI) Funding for the development of this rocketry guidebook for Informal Education was provided by NASA Explorer Institute and directed by the Marshall Space Flight Center Academic Affairs Office 2008. i Table of Contents Adventures in Rocket Science Activity Matrix ....................................................................... v Standards ............................................................................................................................... vi How to Use this Guide ........................................................................................................... vii Adventures in Rocket Science Introduction: Flight of a Model Rocket .................................. 1 Practical Rocketry .................................................................................................................. 7 A Brief History of Rockets ...................................................................................................... 17 Rocket History Glossary ........................................................................................................ 24 Constellation Program America’s Fleet of Next Generation Launch Vehicles ....................... 27 Activities ................................................................................................................................. 31 1. Move It! .................................................................................................................... 32 2. Magic Marbles ......................................................................................................... 35 3. Shuttle Drag Parachute ............................................................................................ 38 4. Paper Rockets ......................................................................................................... 43 5. Straw Rockets .......................................................................................................... 49 6. Rocket Racer ........................................................................................................... 50 7. 3-2-1 POP! ............................................................................................................... 58 8. Newton Car .............................................................................................................. 62 9. Pop Can Hero Engine .............................................................................................. 68 10. Rocket Transportation ............................................................................................. 74 11. Parachute Area Versus Drop Time ........................................................................... 77 12. Balloon Staging ........................................................................................................ 83 13. Water Bottle Rocket Assembly ................................................................................ 85 14. The Nose Cone Experts ........................................................................................... 90 iii 15. Racing Against Friction ............................................................................................ 95 16. The Parachuting Egg ................................................................................................ 100 17. Egg Drop Lander ...................................................................................................... 103 18. At the Drop of a Ball ................................................................................................. 105 19. Free Fall Rocket Ball Drop ....................................................................................... 107 20. Altitude Tracking ...................................................................................................... 109 21. The Scale of a Model Rocket ................................................................................... 117 22. Rocket Motion Video Studies .................................................................................. 120 23. Rocket Parachute Flight Duration Study .................................................................. 123 24. Predicting and Measuring Rocket Parachute Drift Rate .......................................... 126 25. Project Enterprise .................................................................................................... 128 Glossary ................................................................................................................................. 143 Appendix A – Assembly Instructions....................................................................................... 145 Appendix B – Rocket Safety Code .......................................................................................... 155 Appendix C – Rocket Principles .............................................................................................. 159 Appendix D – Rocketry Resource Materials ........................................................................... 165 iv Adventures in Rocket Science Activity Matrix Grade Level Groups Activity 1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12 Altitude Velocity Acceleration Page Number 1 Move It! (balloon direction) X 32 2 Magic Marbles X 35 3 Shuttle Drag Parachute X 38 4 Paper Rockets X X 43 5 Straw Rockets X 49 6 Rocket Racer X 50 7 3-2-1 POP! X X X 58 8 Newton Car X 62 9 Pop Can Hero Engine 68 10 Rocket Transportation X 74 11 Parachute Area Versus Drop Time X 77 12 Balloon Staging X 83 13 Water Bottle Rocket Assembly X X X 85 14 The Nose Cone Experts X 90 15 Racing Against Friction X 95 16 The Parachuting Egg X 100 17 Egg Drop Lander 103 18 At the Drop of a Ball X X 105 19 Free Fall Rocket Ball Drop X 107 20 Altitude Tracking X 109 21 The Scale of a Model Rocket X X 117 22 Rocket Motion Video Studies X 120 23 Predicting and Measuring Rocket Parachute Drift Rate 123 24 Rocket Parachute Flight Duration X 126 25 Project Enterprise (2 weeks) X X X 128 Legend: X : Denotes the primary target word focus (altitude, velocity and/or acceleration). : Denotes secondary target word. : Denotes suggested grade level. v Standards Science Standard Activity Science as Inquiry Physical Science Position and Motion of Objects Properties of Objects and Materials Unifying Concepts and Processes Change, Consistency and Measurement Evidence, Models and Explanation Science and Technology Abilities of Technological Design Understanding Science and Technology Move It! (balloon direction) X X X Magic Marbles X X X X X X Shuttle Drag Parachute X X X X Paper Rockets X X X X X X X X Straw Rockets X X X X X X X X Rocket Racer X X X X X X 3-2-1 POP! X X X X X Newton Car X X X X X X Pop Can Hero Engine X X X X X X X Rocket Transportation X X X X X Parachute Area Versus Drop Time X X X X X X X X X Balloon Staging X X X X X Water Bottle Rocket Assembly X X X X The Nose Cone Experts X X X X X Racing Against Friction X X X X X X The Parachuting Egg X X X X X X X X Egg Drop Lander X X X X X X X X At the Drop of a Ball X X X Free Fall Rocket Ball Drop X X X Altitude Tracking X X X X X The Scale of a Model Rocket X X X X X X Rocket Motion Video Studies X X X X X X X X Predicting and Measuring Rocket Parachute Drift Rate X X X X X X Rocket Parachute Flight Duration X X X X X X Project Enterprise (2 weeks) X X X X X vi How to Use This Guide Acknowledgements Examine the matrix for a grade level band The excitement and thrill from experiencing (e.g., grades 1–3). Select a target word the launch of rocket-powered vehicles ignites located in that grade level band (e.g., engagement and imagination in children as velocity). The activity, “Move It!” will address well as adults. Constructing and launching the concept of velocity. Activities are model rockets certainly provided a charge included within each grade level band to of excitement among a group of National address the three target concepts. Some Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) activities can be used to address multiple and higher education professionals as they target words. The length of time for each planned an Exploration Systems Mission activity is approximately one or two hours Directorate (ESMD) sponsored K-12 rocketry with the exception of the Project Enterprise curriculum and mentor/coach workshop. activity which can take up to two weeks to complete. This guide was prepared as a tool useful for informal education venues (4-H, Boys The guide includes a compilation of NASA- and Girls Clubs, Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, developed and originally developed activities etc.), science clubs and related programs, that emphasize hands-on involvement, and can be adopted for formal education prediction, data collection and interpretation, settings. An exciting and productive study in teamwork, and problem solving. Project rocket science can be implemented using the background and an edited, student-friendly selected activities
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